On this page
- Departments (2)
-
Text (18)
-
TO THE TRADES.
-
GENTLEMEN, - I have read the account of ...
-
/£> -fylltzjL s/^& foi^A^ J O ^/ ^^y ^T^...
-
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL > -fyll m ~...
-
wLminiM. mm, mbm, mm mm ^wjssas^A ~ „
-
THE TOOTING CASE. JUDGE'S CHAMBERS.—Mo.V...
-
Ax Unwise Policy.— Jerrold's Weekly News...
-
<®i)mm ftimuaence
-
The Executive Committee of the National ...
-
MR. KYDD'S TOUR. TO THK EDITOR 01? THX N...
-
NOTTINGHAM. MR. O'CONNOR'S LETTER " TO T...
-
MALTBY, PROCTOR, RODGEBS AND HARBER. /?
-
, /? **—V ^&C0~> Friday, and " ii Friday...
-
THE VICTIMS.
-
THE LATEST FOREIGN NEWS.
-
The following appeared in our Third Edit...
-
ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE.
-
f vC ^SKNy..\\«' 1 ^ v ^%A
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
To The Trades.
TO THE TRADES .
Gentlemen, - I Have Read The Account Of ...
GENTLEMEN , - I have read the account of your "Wednesday's meeting , held in the Hall of Commerce , Tnreadneedle-street , with surpassing pleasure , because from it I gather the fact that you are now abouttotake a step in the right direction while the question of Free Trade , in its several phases , is being agitated according to the several interests of different parties , you have taken it up as a whole , by combining land , manufactures and education .
• The landlord agitates the question solely as one of rent ; while leaning upon his oligarchical crutch , he will not condescend to establish his own altered position upon just as good and mere sound and firm basis as before Free Trade vas established . If he consented to the redaction of our navy and military establishments , the sweeping away of the Civil List , to making religion voluntary—or rather , the pay ment for spiritual service voluntary—the entire disbandment of a police establishment , only rendered necessary to preserve Ms ascendancy bv force , the reduction of the salaries
of all officials to that standard established by altered circumstances , which would enable them to maintain their social position , and to live just as luxuriously , the prices of all the -produce of Labour being reduced ; and to the reduction of the interest upon the National Debt to that standard which would enable the fundholder to procure as much of the necessaries and luxuries of life , according to the reduced standard of prices , as he could formerly procure for the larger amount ; and be it remembered , that when the ^ National Debt was
contracted , that the amount of interest stipulated to be paid to him would not procure for him the same amount of produce , ofcitherlandor manufactured goods than one-half that amount would procure for him now . Under these cvramvstaaces do yon bold it tobe national faith that a Reformed Parliament should pay sixty shillings in the pound upon a debt contracted by a Parliament that voted itself profligate , unthrifty , and corrupt , in 1832 , and the more especially when that debt is paid wholly by the labourers of the countrv ?
Let me show you the altered position of a fundholder , say in 1812 , ' 13 , ' 14 , or ' 15 , deriving £ 100 a-year , or any amount , from the funds , at that time , as compared with his present positon . His flour , a principal ingredient of life , he will get for a third of the price that he paid then ; his stockings , shirts , drawers , p ocket-handkerchiefs , for less than a fourth of the price ; his woollen clothing at the slopshops which compete against the labourer , at a third of the price ; Ms meat at half the price ; his butter and cheese at less than half the price ; his boots , shoes , and hats at about
half the price ; his furniture at less than half the price ; his wines , spirits , and luxurieswhich he mayor may not use—at a considerably reduced price ; his rent , in consequence of the competition in the building trade—all affecting every branch of y our trade—at a considerably reduced rate . He can travel three miles by an omnibus for threepence , instead of paying three shillings for an old hackney coach ; he can buy his newspaper for fivepence , instead of sevenpence . Now that alone , -if he is a politician , would save him £ 212 s . 2 d .
a year , or nearly the interest upon £ 100 ; and then , instead of paying in fare , coachman and guards , over £ ( i for going to Manchester in twenty-four hours , he can now go there more comfortably , and in better company , in a third class train , in less than ten hours , for oneseventh of the money ; so that in that alone he will save over £ o , and fourteen hours' time . Then if he received even one letter in the week , it would amount to £ 2 12 s . a year , as the average rate of postage would be about a shilling ; whereas he could now receive an equal number for 4 s . 4 d .
Well , then , if the interest upon the funded debt was reduced even by one-third , leaving the fundholder in a , better position , it would -amount to as much as the whole of Mr . Cobden ' s proposed reduction . And I tell you now , that the Government is precisely in the same situation as any other trader , and the fundholder is in precisely the same situation as any other creditor of a trader , and that now Jt Is all humbug to talk of preserving intact that national faith which was based upon the faith of Protection , which was the keystone of the arch .
Gentlemen , I have very frequently shown you that prices in the retail market are not always measured by those in the wholesale market , and , without travelling back to the war times , let me measure my assertion by a period within every man ' s knowledge . Wheat now averages about forty-five shillings the quarter , and during the summer of 1847 it was one hundred and twenty shillings a
quarter . "Well , the price of the quartern loaf now I put down lowl y at Gd ., while at no time during the summer of 1847 , while wheat was nearly three times the price , did the quartern loaf reach Is . Id ., so that measuring the retail article by the present wholesale price , the quartern loaf should not be more than 4 £ d . ; thus I show you that the baker cheats you out of twenty-five per cent , in the article of bread alone .
! Nbw this would not be the ease if , according to the proposition of Mr . Walton , a large number of consumers were their own producers . You must observe that , although I acquiesce iu the principle propounded by Mr . Wamox , I do not adopt his numerical scale of 1 , 000 families , nor shall I assume that he means to stop there ; but what I wish to bring your nuud to bear especiall y upon is this , that if
you have Free Trade in everything else , you mast have Free Trade in Land as the only possible means of employing the otherwise surplus population , whose wages are measured by the destitution of honest millions , constituting ail idle competitive reserve . Gentlemen , let me now call your attention , Firstly , to the justice of Free Trade in Land .
Secondly , to the reason why Free Trade m Laud is resisted . And , Thirdly , the effect that Free Trade in Land would have upon all classes of society . Firstly . As to its Justice . Suppose Protection to have enhanced the value of Land , and repeal of that protection to diminish its value , can we not furnish precedent from State necessity , national requirement , and from what proprietors of other properties have been compelled to submit to ? Suppose , then , a large ship-owner to have invested thousands , or hundreds of thousands , hi ships , upon the faith of the Navigation Laws , as framed when he embarked in the
speculation . His property , by the alteration of the Navigation Laws , will be incalculably reduced in value . Suppose a large sugar , tea , coffee , or spirit importer to have a large capital invested in those articles , and a large reduction in duty , winch vrould reduce the price of the article , to Re place ; what , in such case isthe justifica-7 - " ' ty . that individual interests must gi . e way to national requirements . But why
- „ £ ? £ f r , Land ? Simply Decaase ' ao hntistanding the Reform Bill , Land is still governed by the old feudal svstem : the landlords have contracted debts , " entered into engagements and contracts , made marriage setuLaieuts and provision for younger children , Jpon national faith , based upon Protection , wnile traders were not exactl y in the same situil 0 « . W hile possessing the reins of governw a ^ 1 uarter ed their younger children Wthe industry of the countrv—227 Peers
J £ e t . Ile Presentation to nearlv 3 , 000 livings ; {? -J ™* Navy , ' Ordnance , Civil List , W ^ Customs » Excif *> Legal Jobf ,-f » Connnissionerships , and Colonial r ^ ces are all at their disposal , and , therefore , « «* havethe fat and thelean . Between the 0 horns of the dilemma , the abolition of
Gentlemen, - I Have Read The Account Of ...
Protection reduces the value of their estates and makes their liabilities more oppressive , while the adherence to patronage furnishes a means of famil y support ; and this is the reason why , while submitting sulkily to Free Trade , they adhere pertinaciously to that extravagance , the abolition of which would level the waters . Secondly .- —The reasons why Free Trade in Land is resisted are , because the landlords are , in a great measure , the mere nominees of large farmers , who dread the subdivision , lest the value in the retail market should enhance the value in the wholesale market ; that is the landlords' reason : the manufacturers' reason
is , lest free labour , in the free labour market , should establish the standard of wages in the artificial market : and the working man's objection—or rather his want of energy—arises from the fact that , in too many instances , his wife—an artificial creature—has been trained to an artificial life , and prefers the buzz , the clatter , and the news , the glittering shop window , and the gin palace , to . a comfortable home
surrounded by her family , and supported by the free labour of her husband . In proof of this I can assure-yon , that some of the best occupants upon the several estates belonging to the Land Company have been dispirited , disheartened , and banished , b y the continuous tormenting and dissatisfaction of the artificially-trained wife . But , nevertheless , all will adop * t it at last .
Thirdly . —The effect that Free Trade in Land would have upon all classes of society would be—notwithstanding Free Trade—to increase the value of Land , and thereby to increase the value of every other property in the kingdom ; but , above all , the greatest and most valuable property—Labour , when the Land was thrown open to the competition of that large and influential class . Now , letme place the situation of an operative clearly before you . Would not the operatives of England be too happy if their masters entered into a contract to allow them four days ' work in every week throughout the year and
measure the wages at two shillings and sixpence a day , or fifteen shillings a week ? Surely , then , if the labour of the hired labourer is worth two shillings and sixpence a day to the employer , it is worth as much to himself ; aud see what the denial of work for two days in the week entails upon him . Five shillings a week—the amount of wages he loses for the two days—amounts to £ 13 a year , which would pay the rent of the best cottage and four acres of the best land purchased by the Land Company . It would pay the rent oi eight acres of land , purchased at £ i 0 an acre ,
at four per cent , upon the outlay . Gentlemen , succeed to-morrow in getting a million , or half a million acres of Land—and mind , scores of millions have been stolen from you—and you may give the Government a guarantee that there -will not be an unemployed labourer in England . What surplus belonging to the building trade and to agriculture , could you not employ ? while I have frequently shown you that their employment would give vitalit y to every branch of Labour , trade , and commerce—and to this you must come at last .
I have shown you the difference between the wholesale price of flour and the retail price of bread ; and I will now show you the difference between the wholesale and retail rent of land . Take a thousand acres of land , let to a farmer at a pound an acre , and subdivide it Into farms of five , ten , fifteen , or twenty acres , and in twenty-four hours you will have it tenanted by free labourers , and industrious
tenants , at thirty , shillings an acre—not a defaulter during the whole of life—and at the end of seven years not an occupant would take £ 3 an acre for it ; and then , instead of grumbling at a splendid cottage—the like of which he never lived in , or expected to live in—he would live underground in a cave—take lodgings two , three , four , or five miles off—until , out of his own industry , ho erected himself a
house . You may ask , why do landlords object to receiving £ 1 , 500 a-year instead of £ 1 , 000 ayear for that estate ? My answer is—because they fear that the increased rent might lead to the abolition of power which secures patronage . Again , you may ask why the farmers object to pay 1 , 000 J . a-year for a farm worth 1 , 500 ? The answer is—because they cultivate it in a slovenly manner , because they do not employ a suflicient amount of labour to produce the largest amount of profit . And again I remind you , that if a large farmer pays five shillings an acre more than the value of a thousand acres of land , it increases his
rent by 250 / . a-year , or , at four per cent ., would pay the interest upon 6 , 250 / . capital ; while it would not signify a straw , at the end of ten years , whether a small tenant paid 21 . or 21 . os . an acre for four acres of land . The more he had to pay , the more industrious he would be . I could enlarge to an almost unlimited extent upon this subject . I rejoice that you have adopted the principle , and that fou have sent your petition to Sir Robert ' eel . But , mind , although the folly of to-day is the wisdom of to-morrow , the Honourable Baronet must not rob me of my laurels , as next week I will supply you ¦ with an extract from a letter addressed to the Irish landlords
upon the subject of Free Trade , and published in the " Star" of the 17 th of July , 1841 , recommending the identical policy now adopted by Sir Robert Peel . Gentlemen , as the House of Commons is almost exclusively governed by precedent , let me now call your attention to the manner in which the landlords , both English and Irish , dealt with the hig hest description of property —I mean Church Property . Formerly , tithes were paid in kind—that is , the parson took the tenth sheaf of corn , the tenth cock of hay , and the tenth rod of potatoes , as his share of
' theproduce ; thus partaking of all casualties and calamities to which the crop was liable . Now that was the ancient system of paying the Church ; but since those good old times , tithes have been commuted into a rent-charge , and now the parson receives his tithes according to an average price of seven years . According to the first mode , he took his share in all chances , his tenth rod of sound potatoes , or his tenth rod of rotten potatoes—now he is benefitted b y a calamity , as the loss from damage or fiulure increases the price of the remaining produce ; however , it is still a corn
rent , payable upon the average price of corn for seven years ; and again I ask you , what can be more fair , just , equitable , or proper , than that the landlords' demand should be regulated by the same standard that established the claim of the Church , that is , by a corn rent ? that is , that he should receive his due proportion of the produce of the land , being co-partner with the tenant , but upon very unequal terms , as the rent of the landlord does not amount to a fifth of the expenditure and liabilities of the tenant ; yet , according to r iio nresent system , the tenant is obliged to
vote for the landlord or surrender his farm , while the landlord represents himself . Thus the tenant , representing five-sixths of the prpnertv is not represented , while the landlord representing one-sixth , i & represented .
Gentlemen, - I Have Read The Account Of ...
Gentlemen , it is very easy to boast of prophecies that never were made ; bat now allow me to call your attention to propositions of mine , which stand upon the journals of the House of Commons since 1833 . Here they
are : — "To move for leave to bring in a Bill to compel Irish landlords to pre leases for ever at a corn rent ; and in all cases where lands are now held upon lease or accepted proposal , and are considered too dear , togjve to the tenants of such lands the right of appealing to a jury , who shall establish the value in like manner as the value of private property is notv ascertained , « rhen required hy the Crown , or legally authorised corporations , or individuals , for national or private purposes . " " " For leave to bring in a bill to make legal provision for the poor oflreland . " "for leave to bring in a Bill to consolidate the several Stamp Acts now in force in Ireland . " " For leave to bring in a Bill for the better regulation of Quarter Sessions Courts in Ireland , with a view of making those courts cheap courts of equity , as well as courts of law , whereby cheap justice might be brought home to the door of every poor man . "
" To move a resolution of the House , that it is desirable , as well for the ends of justice as for the tranquillity of Ireland , that aU clergymen , being magistrates , should be deprived of the Commission of the Peace . " Now thoso are the measures that Icontcnded for in 1833 and ' 34 , and I shall conclude this letter with three extracts from my letters to the Irish landlords , the one published on the 10 th of July , 1841 , was as follow * t- ^ - ' "You can he aU robbed in less than six weeks , though you had the Court , the Lords , and the Commons with you ; and then you would be thrown into revolution with the fundholder , the parson , the mortgagee , the simple contract creditor , your mothers , your brothers , your sisters , and your dependents , who will be as loth to give up their grasp upon their monopoly , as you have been to surrender yours . Judge , the n , in which situation you can best arbitratewhether before or after transfer . "
The next is from the paper of the same date , and is as follows : — " 1 mention these things to warn you of your danger—to alarm you of the thiePs approach—to rouse you to action , in order that , profiting by the pourtrayal of your own folly and the folly of others , you may take the means of doing , gra t ui t ousl y for yourselves , that which if lef t undone by you wiU be done by rougher hands ; for done , believe me , it will be , and that right speedily , ily Lords and Gentlemen , pray , pray , pray keep that one feature fuU in view—THAT DONE IT MUST BE , and , therefore , the question is , WHO SHALL DO IT ?" The last is from the " Star " of the 17 th of July , 1841 , and is as follows : —
"Jfy Lords and Gentlemen , — "Political Economy" has no "finality , " , believe me , that the political economists will never rest satisfied till they make you tenants in your Own houses , stewards to your own estates , and beggars from the Pole , the Turk , the Russian , the Prussian , and the American , upon your own land . They wish to place you upon the shop-board , making breeches and coats , which the foreigner may or may not purchase according to convenience ; while they would make you dependents upon the foreigner for that which you must have three times a day , or starve , or do that which , lam quite sure , you never could bring yourselves to , as you have transported thousands upon thousands for the same—STEAL . "
Now my letters to the Irish landlords were written from York Castle in 1841 , all upon the subject of Free Trade and its consequences , so you have my warning voice to them , and my propositions submitted to the House of Commons in 1833 , while you will recollect that at the close of last Session I gave notice of a motion , the object of which was to attach to each workhouse a suflicient quantity of land to employ the Labour of the unwilling idlers , and to divide the profits amongst them .
Gentlemen , ' ! always looked upon the Trades of England as the great stumbling-block in the way of national improvement ; I now look upon them as p ioneers in the march of Progress . Do not mind the potato rot , the corn blight , the love of women for gin palaces , and the love of some drones for idleness , Open the market for industry , and then appoint me FLOGGER GENERAL of the willing idler , and you may depend upon it that I will not spare the whi p and spoil the child , but that I will administer a suflicient amount of counter-iiTitatiou to the
back to give vitality and spring to the legs and arms , and a well-stocked larder for the stomach , as the result . Go on , then—do not stop short of the mark ; and if trade should get brisk , and your leaders should desert you , let the volunteers carry on the war of Right against Might—of Justice against Injusticeof Knowledge against Bigotry and Intolerance —of Profitable Industry against Unprofitable Idleness . Your cheerful co-operator and obedient servant , Feaugus O'Coxnor .
/£> -Fylltzjl S/^& Foi^A^ J O ^/ ^^Y ^T^...
/ £ > -fylltzjL s /^& foi ^ A ^ J O ^/ ^^ y ^ T ^^^^ m ~ ^ ,. »*^ T * Qli ^ . / > run Twrn » aciT > ct SiTTmnn T \ Tzvrr * T ? Ty
And National Trades' Journal > -Fyll M ~...
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL
Wlminim. Mm, Mbm, Mm Mm ^Wjssas^A ~ „
wLminiM . mm , mbm , mm mm ^ wjssas ^ A ~ „
The Tooting Case. Judge's Chambers.—Mo.V...
THE TOOTING CASE . JUDGE'S CHAMBERS . —Mo . VDAV . The Queen ox the Prosecution of the Guardians OF TUB HOLBOBN AND ClIELSEA JJXIOX V . Drouet . In this case an order nisi had been obtained by Mr . Ballantine , on the part of the defendant , to remove the indictment found herein , the coroner ' s inquisitions , as also the depositions and all proceedings had thereon , by writ of certiorari , from the Central Criminal Court into the Queen ' s Bench , on the ground that an unfair prejudice had been created in the minds of the public by inflammatory and unjust newspaper articles and reports , aud also that from the state of the defendant's health , he labouring ; under a disease ( inflammation of the heart and lungs ) , death might be produced from the
excitement arising by being placed at the bar ot the Old Bailey to take his trial ; and further , that the depositions upon which he was indicted showed no case to go to a jury ; and a trial in the Court of Queen's Bench would be less influenced by public prejudice than a trial at the Central Criminal Court . Mr . Petersdorfp , with Mr . Duncombe , on the part of the Holborn Union , now showed cause against the order being made absolute for the issuing of the writ of certiorari . Sir . Baixaktjxe having replied , Mr . Justice Pattesox said , in givingjudgment , he was not called upon to say whether the indictments were sustainable or not ; and he ought to be careful before he hazarded even an opinion , and he would wish it to be understood , and that it should go
abroad , that he expressed no opinion on the point either one way or the other . The indictments wore found , and they must be tried before a Middlesex common jury ; and it was the same thing whether they were tried at the Old Bailey or the Queen ' s Bench ; the only difference being , that in the one case the defendant must stand before the bar , and in the other on the floor of the court , except that a new trial might be applied for . If the present application was granted , he saw no reason why it should not be granted in case of murder . With the condition in life of the parties he had nothing to do ; and , therefore , under all the circumstances , he was of opinion that there was no ground for the removal , and that the writ ought not to issue . The order must be refused . Order discharged accordingly .
Ax Unwise Policy.— Jerrold's Weekly News...
Ax Unwise Policy . — Jerrold ' s Weekly News thus refers , in not an unfriendly spirit , to the radical fault of the present agitation for financial reform : — " It is certainly desirable to save ten millions a year if no important sacrifice is made ; but it is felt that ten millions saved is not ten millions got , and that after all it is but a poor instalment of the nation s wants . Having worried and fumed ourselves ; win ,, wanned asunder private connexions , as all
agitations do ; having neglected our private amus , and spent no inconsiderable sum we shall be cheatefof the hard-earned and pettT ^ ow bya compromise at the last moment ; and , taking fifteen or ten shillings in the pound , we shall be left , with an uniformed Parliament , to a f * ewed ¦ £ " * " $ ™ peculation . Sever could a smaller point of agitation have been selected never v ™ ?™ . ^ avoidance , delusion , and d . sappointment Mi . Cobdenandhis party have already found it SO in
^ StTO L « ^ - 7 h B L ? of £ ch ^ he aiSSHH ^ itt offices , as weu ™ i ¦ number of postage-stamps . ^ Sli & eKot bSg the r equisite stamps m dTterScd by the office-sfales must be detained 5 nSSSS dMpatoh , the public are advised , in SrVSSehi whi & such detention would be inooaeve n „ Z , lv to avoid all doubt as to the suffi-V ^ V ^ eSmps The hours of elosingthe late w ^ hfx esYavSen revised throughout thok . ng-8 PJSS !?> . rr evcr prhctUl ^ ' ** plater than heretofore .
≪®I)Mm Ftimuaence
<® i ) mm ftimuaence
THE EMMETT BRIGADE TO THE CDARTIST & AND DEMOCRATS OF MARYLEBONE AND pADPIIfGTON .
_ " Awake , arise , or be for ever fallen . ' " Brethbex—We , -who have adopted that martvred noble-qf nature , Robert Emmett , as om « » patron sarat . again invoke your aid—again , in the name of injured / humanity—again , in the name of that justicooanrJiieh the base oppressor has dared to stamp *} , S ? , h cal 1 on >' to-rally to the glorious cry of The People ' s Charter , " and to convince the base , treacherous Whigs that their system of espionage is bootless—that their employment of the Powells andi Barratts has gained thorn nought but ignominy—that , dauntless as ever , vott wUl rally round our peaceful banner , raising high the glorious watchwords : "Liberty , Equality , Fraternity !" Remember , that without the franchise-without political equality—wo are slaves ; remember , too , tnat , there arc many victims to Whig espionage , whose wives and children , . without your aid , will pine and suffer m want , misery , and wretchedness .
( Shall SUCh things be ? 5 fo I a thousand times—No I £ i- £° " r mitY ' Philanthropy , and love of justice roroid . it , ye admirers of the dauntless Robert Ettunat ! . Then , up ag ^ , and enrol your selves ; 5 r tthe 1 ) annei * that still waves proudly unfurled , " The" National , Charter Association . " Remember yoinvoft-repeated vow to " the Charter and Kb Surrender . " Small aid from each unit , banded togetheiirt countless myriads , must achieve a great , a glorious victory over the combined forces of tyranny , injustice , and oppression . Up , then , with spirit , you men of Marylebone and Paddington ! Show that ye possess Fraternitythat ye are determined on Liberty—that political Equality shall prevail ; that you , at least , will " bid the world go free ; " that you are determined to run a race of emulation , and , if possible , furnish forth the man who , duly appreciating the motives of Robert Envmett , shall , with his free hand—amid the shouts of enfranchised millions—inscribe the epitaph on his now uninscribed tomb .
Signed , on behalf of the Emmett Brigade , Samuel Muxdex , Chairman John Allen , Secretary . Cricketers' Arms , Bell-street , Marylebone , March , 1849 .
The Executive Committee Of The National ...
The Executive Committee of the National Charter Association met at their rooms , 144 , High Holborn , on Friday evening last , March the 2 d , Mr . Thomas Clark in the chair . A communication was read from Glasgow , signed by Duncan Sherrington , approving of < the proposed Chartist policy . —Mr . Fusson attended as a deputation from Finsbury , to request the Committee to call into existence the Metropolitan Delegate Council , and , on the motion of Mr . M'Gra ; th , the subject was ordered to be taken into consideration at the next meeting . — Application wais mado from Ashford , Kent , for the missionaries' services , to propagate Chartism in that district ; to which the assistant-secretary was instructed to reply . —The list of council submitted by Mr , John Jackson , of Manchester , was ordered to be added to the list . The assistant-secretary was instructed to inquire relative to a place for holding public meetings in the borough of Finsbury , and the Committee adjourned .
Wkst-R . idiso Deleqate Meeting . — A special West-Riding delegate meeting was held at Dewsbury , on Sunday last , for the purpose of devising measures to more effectually organise and agitate the West Riding . Mr . Alderson of Bradford , in the chair . —Delegates from the following places were present : Leeds , Bradford , Dewsbury , Heckmondwike , Huddor , sfield , Honley , Holmfirth , and Battley , The following resolutions were agreed to : " That in order the more effectually to arouse public attention to the importance of our principles , it is expedient that a local lecturers' plan be drawn up ; the expense to bo borne b y a general fund raised for that purpose . "— " That the secretary correspond with the various localities not represented at this meeting , and get a list of the persons able and willing to assist m this work , "— " That this meeting stand adjourned to Sunday , the 18 th instant , at Mr . Alderson ' s Room , Butterworth ' s Buildings , Bradford , in order that those districts which have not taken the matter up may have time to do so .
National Registration and General Emsctioj ,-Committee . —A meeting of the above body was held at the " Two Chairmen , " Wardour-street , Soho , on Monday evening last . Mr . John Simpson in the chair . The address to the Chartists of Great Britain was brought up , read , recommitted , and ordered to be brought up again at the next meeting , on Monday next . —Mr . Alhmtt attended as a deputation from Finsbury , to request that the committee should be extended , whereupon it was resolved , — " That this committee recommend to the various localities in and around the metropolis to nominate some of their most active members , at their next meeting , from which nominations the vacancies , from various causes , shall be filled up . " The committee then adjourned to Monday evening , March 12 th , at eight o "' clock .
JSonisaniM . —At meetings hold at the "A e \ vton ' s Head , " the " Seven Stars " the " Colonel Hutchinson , " and the " Byron Ward" localities , votes of thanks were given to F . O'Connor ^ Esq ., M . P . for the borough of Nottingham , for his admirable speech in opposition to the Habeas Corpus Act Suspension
Bill . Halifax . —A general meeting was held on Monday ^ evening last , in the Working Man ' s Ifall , to examine ^ the last quarter ' s account and elect a new council . ' Messrs . Edwards , Burrows , and Binns audited the accounts , which were passed unanimously , and a vote of thanks given to the late council for their services during the past quarter . The following persons were unanimously elected as the council for the next three months : —J . Edwards , B . Wilson , E . B . Burrows , Alex . Stradlin , W . Maud , Wm . Lancaster , E . Hooson , J . Clissett , president ; J . Crossland , vice-president and corresponding secretary ; J . Binns , financial secretary ; and M . Hirst , treasurer . The minutes of the preliminary meeting of Lancashire and Yorkshire , held
in the Heyrod-street Institution , Manchester , were read and discussed . The following resolution was unanimously agreed to : — " That wo call a delegate meeting of this district to bo holden at Nichols's Temperance Hotel , Broad-street , at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon of Sunday , the 11 th inst ., to take into consideration the propriety of electing a delegate or delegates to . represent this district in the forthcoming delegate meeting of Yorkshire and Lancashire , to be holden at Todmorden , on Sunday , the 18 th of March , and that the following places be requested to send delegates , viz , ;—Halifax > Sowerby Helm , Sowerby Longroyd , Queenshead , Lordship , Mixenden , Wheatley , Warley , Warley Edge , Kingcross , Elland , Stainland , and Midgley . —J . CnosstA . vi > , Secrertryl
' Carlisle . — A district delegate meeting of the Chartists of Cumberland , was held here on Sunday , March $ th , at No . 6 , John » street , Caldewgate . Delegates were present from Dalston , Cummersdale , and Kingston . The workmen at the manufactory of Messrs . Charabersand Co ., and others , were represented by members of the council . On the motion of Mr . Lowry , James Heaton was called to the chair ; John Gilbertson acted as secretary , and stated that he had written tothe Tarious places in the district , wishing thera to instruct their delegales Iu > w to advise , should a Convention be finally determined upon by the Executive Committee , and a delegate be called from this district , and also what amount of money was likely to be subscribed for the support of the
same . —A letter was read from Cockermouth , giving novery cheering account of Chartism in that place , owing to the poverty consequent upon depression of trade , and ascribing much of it to the effects of Free Trade . One was also read from Penrith , stating that they could not conveniently send a delegate to the district meeting , but they would abide by the decision of that meeting , and if a Convention was called , they would subscribe their shore of the expense . The delegates present then gave in the reports of the opinions of those whom they represented , after which Mr . Lowerby moved the fo'lowing resolution : — " That a delegate be sent provided the means be procured , and that the money
be collected and brought in this day month , to which . time this meeting be adjourned . *'—Mr . Gilbertson moved , and James Montgomery seconded : —" . That , after hearing the report of the different persons present upon the subject of a delegation to London , the delegates and members of the council endeavour to ascertain the mind of the Chartists fully upon it , and when the Executive call them to * geiher , that another district delegate meeting be called to make final arrangements , " which was carried . Mr . Lowerby moved , and Mr . hoary seconded : — "That an extraordinary collection Wmade for'he Defence Fund , with a view to liquidate the debt chargeable to Mr . O'Connor , through the late prosecutions , of the' Chartists . " Carried unanimously *
Mr. Kydd's Tour. To Thk Editor 01? Thx N...
MR . KYDD'S TOUR . TO THK EDITOR 01 ? THX NOTVIBEBN STAB , Dkar Sib , —Since I last wrote . I have attended mattings continuously , almosfc night after nigfit . During my visit to Liverpool last week , at the close of my first lecture on Financial Reform , Mr . Broderip , a . leading member of the Council of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association , offered a series of remarks on the character of the body whose interests he represented . He said the Association was not at all political in its nature , although , no doubt , important political results would follow from its existence . The members of the society , with whom he was personally acq-iainted , were to a man in Favour of extending the suffrage . The propriety of linking the suffrage and a reduction of taxation
touetber , ana making such a junction the basis of their propagandism , had been seriously and deliberately discussed by the connwl—the suffrage portion had , after mature consideration , been abandoned , a ' - though—judging from the debate on Mr . Cobden ' s motion—he was of the opinion that widening the basis at the House of Commons would , after all . have to be the preliminary towards any important curtadment . of financial extravagance . A » for Mr . Cohden ' a measure , vftwed by itself , was not worth an bFPORT . Mr . Cobden wai not the representative of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association He { Mr . Cobdt'n ) had declared his approval of a reduction of taxation of some £ 10 , 000 , 000 , and thev
( the Council of the Financial Reform Association ) took advantage of such declaration to popularise the principles they advocated . This was a full explanation of the connexion between the member for the Wast Riding and the Liverpool Financial Reformers . A conversation of some length , between mvself and Mr . Broderip . was continued , the nature of which the reader will easily surmise from the foregoing remarks . I never wish to meet a more honourable P olitical friend or opponent than Mr , Broderip ; and hope the mere surface Reformers , who are at present braying , like a well-known quadruped when his ears are tickled with a straw , will profit by the emphatic and sensible declaration , "Mr . Cobden ' s measure , by itself , is not worth an effort . "
One feature in the composition of the Chartist body is worthy of notice . It is the great accession of youths , from eighteen to twentv « five years of nge . These young men , full of energy and courage , have grown to manhood within a few years . They are the pupils of the agitation of 1839 , and of 1842 , uniting buoyancy and hope . What may not those young men accomplish if they continue to devote their minds to the study of questions of social , political , and literary interest ? The old will die out , but the young , like the sapling , will grow sturdv with years
Never had youth such opportunities as the . young men of this time . Europe full of revolution and change , the industrial mismanagement of their own country increasing perplexity , and proving the incapacity of her present rulers , are all fields for lessons fraught with importance and interest . Let me ask our young men to go on in this good work , and endeavour to get others to aid them . Countrymen , forsake now and for ever the allurements of dissipation , trifling , and what is miscalled pleasure , for the nobler ambition of saving your country , for on you rests the future fate of millions .
The audiences attending my lectures in Manchester increase rapidly . On Sunday evening last , the People's Institute was filled at one penny admission . This is a great change in a few weeks , and is attributable to no excitement of a political kind . It is the calm and steady march of mind that never retrogades , and a tribute of respect to the great principles of which I am the humble advocate . I hope all the districts in North and South Lancashire and Yorkshire will * send delegates to Todmorden on Sunday , the 18 th , so that we may be enabled to reflect on the past , and , if possible , do something for the better time coming . I am , as ever , your obedient servant , Samuel Kydd . P . S . —All parties desirous of my services must write to Mr . T . Ormesher , 52 , Little Bridgewaterstreet , Deansgate , Manchester . 8 . K .
Nottingham. Mr. O'Connor's Letter " To T...
NOTTINGHAM . MR . O'CONNOR'S LETTER " TO THE CHARTISTS . " TO TUB EDITOR OF TUB SORTKEns stab . Sir , —We should be exceedingly obliged if you would allow us to say a few words in friendship to Mr . O'Connor . We have no ill-feeling towards him , neither have wo any desire to sow disunion in the Chartist ranks . Wo have advocated the principles of the Charter through evil and through good report , some of us at the cost of our personal liberty ; but wo assure Mr . 0 ' Connor the opinions we hold on political questions , we held long before the name of Mr . O'Connor or the Charter was known to us ; opinions which have been held and promulgated by the democrats of every age and of every country in the world . Many of us are as old as Mr . O'Connor ,
and we trust equally as capable of thinking , notwithstanding his gratuitous assertion , that those who call themselves Republicans " know nothing of the meaning of the term . " We have nob gathered our opinions from him , and will not , therefore , hold ourselves responsible to him . We telUiim we do sympathise with the democrats of France , and , indeed , with suffering humanity everywhere . The would is oun couxinv and to do good our religion . It appears to us rather strange that any man professing the opinions Mr . O'Connor professcs , should liavc taken offence because we and others have thought right to celebrate the revolution of February , and do honour to the democrats of France and other countries .
¦ Mr . O'Connor says in his letter that we have no right to compare Republican governments with monarchies , and proceeds to say that in America there is as much " Class-distinction and popular discontent as in any monarchy in the world . " Now we frequently read American papers , but cannot perceive that such is the fact ; there may be a little noise with the free soil party , but still the Americans are wedded to their institutions , and believe them to ho the most perfect in the world ; however , if they are not , they hare the power to make them the perfection of human wisdom . One thing is certain , there is no landed aristocracy in America , and the Americans are blessed with a cheap government ; land is cheap , and the people of America have in greater abundance the necessaries of life than the
people of any other country . But what is the use of Air . O'Connor blaming us for holding ultra-democratic opinions and promulgating them , when ho tells us there is not a " particle of difference between a Republic and a Monarchy with the Charter ? If he really thinks so , his letter of last week is a mere string of words without meaning , a flight of the imagination which conjured up a sort of bugbear in the shape of Republicanism . But he seems to be afraid of offending the middle classes ; we beg to remind him that the middle classes are always behind on the march for reform . When wo have advanced a little further they will become Chartists , and will carry the Charter as they recently carried Corn-law repeal . If France is not all we could wish , we have no doubt she will be before
many years elapse , when democracy is firmly established and fully developed there . There is no evidence in Mr . O'Connor ' s letter to prove that in Switzerland there is one law for the rich , and another [ for the poor , because one man knocked another man down . We fancy that in every country of the civilised world ( Switzerland not excepted , ) there is a law to protect the weak against the strong . Mr . O'Connor tells us that in Belgium the people have got all but the Charter , and cheerfully pay from £ 5 to £ 18 per acre rent , for land . We are not aware what this " all but" means ; but if " all but " the Charter would raise the rent of the land in this country from £ 1 an acre , to £ 5 or < £ 18 an acre , we say , emphatically , from such an " an Irot" as this , '' Good Lord , deliver us !" It is of no use talking about the « Tope , Tretonder ,
President , or the Devil ; " only that if a ^' resident were under " popular control , " he vrould have no will of his own , whether lie were elected for life , or for four years : so that Mr . O'Connor ' s arguments on that score-go for nothing . If the time intervening between the election in America of one President and another . " one continuous period of turmoil , " what turmoil would there not be in this country , with annual elections for Members of Parliament ? In conclusion , we really are astonished that Mr . O'Connor should have written such a letter as that addressed to the Chartists in last week ' s Star in feet we cannot perceive the use of a President under any circumstances ; the office , in our opinions , isavelic of monarchy — of barbarism , and will ultimately be dispensed with ; a President for life wo consider not onlv useless , but a positive evil . On behalf of the Republicans of Nottingham ,
J . Smjter , W . 0 . Bbxteu , A . Maltbt , J . Pkoctob , G . Rod & kbs , . J . Barber . Temperance House , Lowe Pavement , March 6 th .
Maltby, Proctor, Rodgebs And Harber. /?
MALTBY , PROCTOR , RODGEBS AND HARBER . /?
OrENTLEMEX , It is now-just t » -elre o ' clock on I have seen your comment upon my letter which- appeared in last week ' s paper . I was attho . "iVorttera Star" Office ' at half-pa , st twelve o ' clock last night , when the editor should have shown it to mo , that my rojoinfler might have accompanied your reply . Jfj was his dut y to have sent it , to me in maim- script , but , as has been the practice with all former editors of the " Northern' aur' !
the persons employed by me look upon themseJrea as proprietors , and upon mo as their servant . The '* Star " -ras I always told you—has been open to comments upon myself . I haw not time to say more this week . I am in doubt whether this much will bo in time for the second edition ; and neit week , dull as I am , and sagacious as you profess to be , I irill undertake to prove to you that you have misconceived , misunderstood , or iutentionaUy . mystified , every proposition contained in my letter .
The " Northern Star" has recently been too much of a foreign organ , to the exclusion ot much valuable domestic intelligence ; it shall be so ho- longer ; and there is only one sentence in your letter that I shall now refer to . It is tins ;—You say , "but ho scorns to be afraid of offending the middle classes . Wo beg to remind him that the middle classes are always behind in the-march of Reform . "
ssov , my answer is , that ywar tniculency ( when I say yourr . I mean that « if your order , ) to the middle classes has Wen my greatest difficult y t that I never acquossced in the policy or joined is a single move « £ that class , with the except ' iea of that -whichs iad for its object the destruction of patronage tfoarough reduction of expenditure . Of all men living I have been most opposed to the mu & He classes , aud for the reasons that I have a thousand times
stated , because upon your subserviency and disunion is based their ascendancy ami power . Next week you shall have a cssnplete answer to your letter . Your faithful Servant , Pkakgus O'Connor .
, /? **—V ^&C0~> Friday, And " Ii Friday...
, **—V ^& C 0 ~> Friday , and " ii Friday , and
The Victims.
THE VICTIMS .
AN ADDRESS OF THE WEST 11 IBING RELIEF COMMITTEE TO THE CHARTISTS OP THE WEST HIDING OF YORKSHIRE . We , tho Belief Committee , who are appointed to look after the families of our friends now suftbring in Wakefield House of Correction , call upon you , as men , to come forward and assist us in the hour of need . You will remember that we have Lhrhtowler , Smyth and Son , Frith , Angus , Wat Tyler , and many others , with largo families , who arc suffering through the loss of their natural protectors . We appeal to tho Chartists of tho West Riding of Yorkshire to arouse themselves to a sense of their duty . It is incumbent upon them to enable us to relievo
tho families of our friends , who are suffering in tho cause of Democracy . Chartists , we have eighteen families , consisting of upwards of eighty souls , made widows and orphans by the accursed laws of our law makers , and if you have a spark of humanity or feeling in vour bosoms , come forward and assist us . All donations , however small , will he thankfully received by tho committee , who meet every Saturday evening in tho Democratic . School Room , Croftstrcet , Wakcfield-road , from half-past seven to halfpast nine o'clock , and on Sunday evening , from six to nine . Post-Offlco orders must he made payable to Thomas Wilcock , and letters directed to Robert Ambler , 04 , Bowor-street , Bradford .
Signed on behalf of the Committee , J . Stbei ., President , T . Wilcock , Treasurer , It . Amuleh , Secretary . Bradford . March 4 th . 1849 .
The Latest Foreign News.
THE LATEST FOREIGN NEWS .
FRANCE . Paris , Thursday . —The ConttUutionnel contains the following : — 'War has recommenced in Italy . On the 1 st of March , the Austrian and Modenese troops entered Tuscany , The same fray the Florence government , after having sent General Apice after this corps , which is composed of 6 , 000 men , principally Austrians , with orders to oppose them , sent a ouri > rto Turin , to demand the immediate intener .-tion of the corps of 15 , 000 men , concentrated under General Lamarmora to enter Tuscany in conjunction with General Apice , to drive back the Austrian ? . General Apice is at the head of 4 , 000 to 5000 men . The Piedmontese and Tuscan tio > ps were to form their junction on the 2 d of March , and it is probable that on the 3 d or 4 th , at latest , a collision took place between them and the Austrian troop ? .
The Debuts confirms the entry of the Piedmontese troops into the Tuscan territory , but says that it has no positive information respecting the movements attributed to the Austrian ? . The news of the entry of the Austrians into Tus > cany , says our Paris coi respondent , is very doubtful . The French government has , t un . ders . iand , received official notes from the Cabinet of Vienna , announcing that Austria has , of her own accord , adjourned her intervention in Tuscany . A circular note has been addressed to the other European Powers . The trial of Barbes , Blanqui , & c ., has com . menced .
The Following Appeared In Our Third Edit...
The following appeared in our Third Edition of last week : — CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT . False Ciiarqe op a Criminal Assault . —On Thu g day S . Cooper , 50 , soldier / was indicted for feloniously accusing Henry Charles Sellers , clerk , of an offence punishaolc by the statute , but of a nameless character , with intent to extort money from him . Mr . Bodkin and Mr . Richard conducted the prosecution , and Mr . Ballantine defended the prisoner . The charge made by Cooper against Mr . Sellers will be in the recollection of our readers . Mr . Bodkin said : —That two bills had been preferred against Mr . Sellers at the Middlesex Sessions , both of which were thrown out by the grand jury , but tho prosecutor , feeling that this result was not u sufficient vindication of his character , bad decided upon the present proceedings in order fully to prove to his own friends and the public , that there was 110 reality or foundation for the odious accusation
that had boon made against him . After the e . xanu natiod of several witnesses , Mr . Justice Cress well summed up , and the jury immediately returned a verdict of guilty . The prisoner was then sentenced to be transported for fifteen years . Postponement os the Tkial or Mb . Dnouui . — On Friday , Mr . Ballantine applied to the court to postpone the trial of Bartholomew Peter Drouet to tho next session . He held in his hand the affidavit of a professional gentleman , a member of the College of Surgeons , which stated that Mr . Drouet was suffering from inflammation of the heart aud lungs > and , although he was partially recovering , he was still in a most precarious state of health , and quite unfit to take his trial . Upon this ground he applied for the postponement . — There was no opposition made to tho application , and the Lord Chief Baron said it was quite clear that , under the- circumstances , trial must be postponed .
Assize Intelligence.
ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE .
Durham , Marcs 1 . Attemptixo to Shoot . —Joseph Peyre , a Frenchman , aged 32 , was charged with having , at Sunderland , on the 21 st of November * discharged a gun afc Thomas . Gveen-wood , with intent to km and niuvuer him ; likewise to do him some grievous bodily harm . Tho prisoner , who it will be remembered was tho mate of a French ship , on the day in question fired at the- prose « utor . The- shot sfcrtack him about his head and neck , » nd tho sight of one eye had been destroyed . Mr Matthews , addressed the jury for tho defence . His lordship ha >\ ang summed up , tho jury returned a verdict of tiisslty , with intent to do grievous bodily hajm ,. Bis . Lordship , in sentencing th & prisoner , whi ? h he- did through an interpreter , said , " Tell tho prisoner that the jury have found
mm guilty of shooting with intent to do grievous bodDy harm , which , by the law of England , is punishable by transportation ; but that as he is a foreigner , westtnllhot pass that sentence upon him ; that we respect the Uvws . N-. and customs ot other countries , am | , we / exocct the peoylo of othoi' countries ijviU . respect ours ; and * , that shooting at any one ija-yery heinous offence jfi the kingdom of England £ tliat . \ ve hope . he . did the act of which he has been cohvietediri a ' moment of passion , and without prejiuidJtntion ; ahd that he 'is' sincerely sorry for wnatihe -has done . Under nil the circumstances of tho . ias ^ wc ^ shall only sontenco him to sLxmontha ^ p ^ 9 nm ojg . ] t ^ vith hard labour , " '• ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ " ¦ , SvfeMP *}* ¦ -: ¦ ; : ;'
F Vc ^Skny..\\«' 1 ^ V ^%A
f vC ^ SKNy .. \\«' 1 ^ v ^ % A
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), March 10, 1849, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_10031849/page/1/
-