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in . ior 2 THE! " ¦& TAR * 7 Rl^pRIL 10,...
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E&ECTION INTELLIGENCE. TIWetTowe* HAMLBT...
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Liverpool.—On Saturday the supporters of...
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THE IRISH ELECTIONS. ' Clonmei..—Thomas ...
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... THE ELECTIONS IN SCOTLAND. • ': , Ay...
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•! .MURDER OF MR. BfiYD. LATE O F THE ST...
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I Legal Caution,—We are instructed to st...
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s&mt mm mm
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DEATH OF PRINCS SCnWAItZENBERG.' (From t...
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OPMWG OF THE PARLIAMENT OF MUTES. . (Fro...
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. .. - . - I '¦ ; i DUTIES OF THE DEMOCR...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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In . Ior 2 The! " ¦& Tar * 7 Rl^Pril 10,...
in ior THE ! " ¦& TAR * 7 Rl ^ pRIL 10 , 1004 ' | t ¦ ¦ .-, . ** xv «¦ ¦ :. ' ¦ ' .. . . .... ;• ¦¦ - ¦ ' . '" ' ' - .. ..: <
E&Ection Intelligence. Tiwettowe* Hamlbt...
E & ECTION INTELLIGENCE . TIWetTowe * HAMLBTs .-Ata " m 7 eting > of electors and non-2 S 2 K ? held at the British Institution , Cowper-street , on ee 30 tle Stfth ult ., . . Jilr . TMr . Wm . JfEwiossaid the time had come when they could ouW do something more than echo mere party cries . hhey rejey required freedom in relig ion , and freedom of educaoon ; aon ; and , above all , real political freedom ; and he hoped isiat ' tyat ' besides , they would be able calmly and beneficially to sscussscuss other snbp-cts of the gravest importance to the la-> ) orini ) orine classes . lie believed that the time had come when mey sljey should strike out into a new aad broader path , and isisteadstead of straggling for tbe interest of classes , strive for iiie ad > e advancement and the rights of all . He held the concctionction that tbat consummation must arrive , because
hisinry Wry taught him that through aU the phases of society the sisndenjndency of power had always been toward the people . The ajwerowers of government had passed through absolute monanonarcby and feudalism to commercialism , and it did not mem t » em to him possible that it could rest there . The House f f Cof Commons was divided between the territorial and comnerciuercial interests , hut still the people were gaining a coneeiousBiousness of the necessity of sending men to support their sauseauseto parliament , and of their power , even now , to do cometometbing toward that end . Miserably limited as the rrancranchise was even in the coming election much might be i one one by the non-electors . With reference to a remark rrhicbhicb had been made by a preeelin ; speaker , he did not i dvocdvocate or countenance the idea of exclusive dealing , or
Ihethethreatof exclusive dealing , in order to influence the Mecttlectora . He held hy the principle that all coercion was i ipthioth impolitic and unjust . He believed that men had a iiehtiehtto the vote by virtue of the fact tbat they were men 11 sof sound mind , and unconvicted of crime . Those who had , he ihe vote had a right to exercise it in the best possible manner aer ; and it was not for those who agreed with him to coarcesreeany man into giving his vote by any course which : nflimflicted a threat , or created a fear of injury . Without that ; ; he the non-electors and the working classes generally might : ise ise their legitimate influence , and show those with whom ! iheyiey dealt that the prosperity of both was inseparably coni sectaected . There were some persons who . upon the question i of tof the extension of ihe suffrage told them that they had
bettbettertake what they could get , and take an instalment : insfinstead of nothine at all . If an instalment were really and nonoonestly offered to the unenfranchised that might be tree ; bntbnt tbe fact was , that none of the advocates of a limited fradranebi se offered what could be fairly called an ' instalment , jfoufone of the enfranchised classes were like a debtor who , nnsnnable to pay , called his creditors together , and proffered to to each a portion of his demands ; but asserting that they weiwere unable to pay what was due , they gave all to a portion of of those to whom tbey -were indebted , and withheld every * thrihing from the rest , and , to use a commercial term , that iniraa not a fair composition ; bnt what should be Called , a fnfrandnlent preference . ' And in tbe meantime , while the lallabourer was thus kept out of bis rights , and all other
obolasses were more or less represented , what became of the in interests of tha labourer ? Those few who spoke of those in interests , instead of dealing directly with them , did not pi profess to do any more than to promote them by indirect w means , they said that by advancing trade and commerce itibey benefitted the worker . It was of course of no use to ai attempt to deny that in a time of good trade the condition ol of the labourer was ameliorated and his condition bettered , b but the benefits were very far from being co-equal with tbe e extension of traffic—its trade increased , science progressed , a and means were discovered for superseding labour-rimp provements in machinery more than kept pace with the d demand for manufactured commodities—and thus it was t that tbe " Times "lately told them , in a leading article ,
1 there were 100 , 000 human beings who did not rise from-a 1 bed , because they had no bed to rise from , hut who opened i their eyes incomplete uncertainty as to where they were 1 to find a meal . And what did the " Times " tell them was 1 the remedy for that—why it said that while legislators ¦ were building workhouses and philanthropists establishing i soap kitchens , those means were utterl y inefficient , and it ; advocated a wholesale transportation to New Zealand . He ' believed that other means were called for , and that other ¦ arrangements might he adopted , and be should not shrink from expressing his opinion as to what they were—he thought that men who held his views were not only called on to denounce what was wrong , but to say what was right , not only-to indicateall evil , but to point to the
remedy . They must cease to be mere destructives , and prove themselves ready to construct . There were means immediately within the reach of legislators by which much might be done . They might make religion free , leaving it the conscientious support of all its votaries . They might make education free to all by nnsectarianising and enlarging the national system , so tbat it might include alii Tbev might make industry free by abolishing those laws of partnership which fettered the energies and limited thd enterprise of the people . They might make association free by legalising , in a simple form , associations of work- } ing men producing for their own interest , instead of the ) interest of the capitalist . There were many other salutary ! measures to which he might advert , some of them
favouring agricultural labour—such as the abolition of the Game ' s Laws . Some other things to which he would also allude , hut requiring more consideration and maturing . It was ! evident that soma comprehensive means most be taken to ! deal with that state of society Which , upon ihe one hand , ' $ te «» ted large masses of stagnant pauperism , on the other , - immense accumulations of wealth . It was a question for : the rich to cdnsiderwhether property was or could remain ' Becure-where \> niow town 100 , 000 people were without tbe certainty of the barest necessaries of life—100 . 000 beings ' bo degraded by poverty , that tbey recognised no morality ; bowed voluntarily to no law , who , forced by their position , w ould not shrrafc from any means to preserve life ! Add ; that fearful mass was constantly increasin ? . swelling n »
from those to whom " avenues of employment were shut ' from those whose remuneration for toil was totally imufficient- ^ -from tbe children cast upon the streets for theiredncation—and growing up without moral or intellectual culture . That 100 , 000 in-London alone , were but types of masses in the other towns of tbe empire , forming an outcast population , recognising no principle of Orden It was not safe to say anything of higher consideration , to suffer this state of things to continue , and the time . was fast approaching when those who thrived upon the profits of labour must strive to counteract " these elements of tbe worst anarchylet them consider that since tbe Sew Poor Law came into existence 100 , 000 , 000 of wealth had been cast into tbe bottomless p it of . pauperism without prodncineranv nermancnt
result , while all tbe time two great sources not only of riches , but of f-appiness , were unemployed—land and labour . So long as they had uncultivated acres and men ready to work , as well as millions of Capital unremuueratively expended , he thought that they mi ght adopt some other means thau ! that of wholesale transportation to stem off pauperism , and render men compuisorily idle , to earn an honestand independent living in a way which would not Outrage tbeir love of country—disregard their sympathies , and isolate them from their friends . There were three elates who might be said to include all tbe difficulties to be dealt with—1 st . Tnose who were willing to labour but unable to find work . —2 nd . Those who were disabled . — 3 rd . Those who would , not work if they had tbe opportunity . The last class he believed was a comparatively small one and easy to be dealt with—they were not proper subjects for charity nor for poor laws : vagrant laws were the
proper means of dealing with . them , and they should be punished as sinning against the well-being of society ; the second class , those whoVere'hhable to labour , must be supported , and they had a ~ claim to relief unfettered by cojjdjtioDs which made relief disgraceful . It seemed to be the ob ject to diminish p a uperism b y covering the pau per , no matter how he became one , with ignominy ; and that ton such an effect upon . men of honestand independent Bunds , that many would , sooner hide their misery , and perish b y their own cold and cheerless hearth , than become the inma tes of an union house . To those who could not work support ought to be a recognised ri ght , and given so that it raisbt be received without a feeling of shame . But the first class , and hy far the most numerous—thecompnlsoril y idle , was in the present state of legislation the greatest difficulty—the great question was what must be done with them , and in his opinion the best , the only true temeiy , was to employ them upon tbe uncultivated land
with tbe money which was now employed to support tbera in idleness ; and if it was said tbat tbat would not be sum cient , then he would reply tbat the money necessary to transport men to the antipodes would more than enffice to make' them fwppy labourers at home , adding to the resources of society , and increasing tbe strength of the nation . There were many other questions with regard to tbe labourer which statesmen were called on to deal with . Itwasboasted that in this country all were equal before tho law— that there was not one law for the rich , and another for the poor . Sow , besides a practical inequality being produced b y the costly action of legal machinery , it was not true that in other respects the laws were always equal . He would give an instance in the laws relating to employers and employed . A contract was made between iwo men . b y which one bound himself to give labour , the outer to pay wages . The eontract was . broken . Was the
wVLnT fo both Parties ? Gould it be said to be so , wnen tne workman mi ght be taken by a policeman , cited oerore a magistrate , summarily convicted , and sent to sfme enf ° rthe same offeuce tbe breach of the very uen- if t emeDt » ^ e mas ter was liable only to a pecuniary £ U 4 ity 0 f sma ] j , mpprtance to h j m ? jje djd n < Jt gay what we punishment should be , but he did say tbat it should be b-L « or both Parties , and that it was not justice to "eai me same thing in the man as a criminal , and in the Pre ^ m ^ I 516 ffe ' ^ « tbe labourers were really re tbev . ! . ? ? S that W 0 UW cease to exist ; but fail , a - Mi with Wm tnat nutf » ng could be effec-Stiiicn n x L- w , tb 0 . ut a TCr F ^ e extension of tbe suffraee . atitnn * I might le doDe even now - » f > in all tbe corieaaV 1 ' ^ * theymet and discnssed great principles , and aotS f 5 omake them felt h ! th country . "He did teen . M ^ be understood that they should endeavour to bifiWrL- Cot \ " They wuld n «> fc make bread KJ-. r I 0 increase the rent roll of the lamiinr / i . w * h « . v
andihev H « Free , T ? ae faad yet reall y to be carried out : any ndJ ** . 1 M , eve that internal competition formed " « ed tff J , art of real pree Trade - II bad been tation of Ini K had latelv been a lar I « por-Trade as jl . '" anofeetures , and that therefore Free ers But tli ci ^ faT 0 BrnDle to the s-ilk-weav-°° nldbe aiiwiT Wearers . were , as badly off as they tha tiheDmrf - tdid not prove anything bnt thistbe a WWo J ^ power of the country had so incre ased ° ? Ei me ^ i " ' ^ iDcrease the productions withp - eo ifc p Jment to those who were before uiiem-So 1 ' did r , n , lBbt as weH s » y tbat because Moses and ^ - - "fated ttiir ^ «»» year than last , that therefore ifc Mt , a- lnrtiir ' r the starv' » e needlewomen were ' Ule fact was tbat competition bad onl y ex-
E&Ection Intelligence. Tiwettowe* Hamlbt...
tended itself without benefitting the poorest class of competitors . In trade as well as in labour this competition was producing great evil .. What with adulterations , and tricks of all sorts , tradesmen could hardly afford to do justice to their customers . Neither upon the employing class did the reduction of wages and prices confer any permanent good One unprincipled employer mig ht take advantage of his men , and for a time outstrip his rivals , but so fierce was competition bat others were forced into tbe same course , and soon aU stood upon tbe same relative footing as before . This competition transformed them all into belligerents , by setting employer against employer , trader against trader * aud workman against workman ; forcing each to pull down the other without conferring any lasting good upon himself . Such a state of things ought
not to last ; but what was the true remedy ?—Sot to make England a great incubating machine for the rest of the world , but to develop their own internal resources .- Let them see that their own lands were sufficiently cultivated ; and when that was done , then they might consider the propriety of resorting to emigration . He had said before that there was one law for the rich and another for the poor , and in addition to the law relating to contracts , he would instance the Patent Laws . The artizans were the great inventors of the world , but the costliness of the Patent Liws prevented them from benefitting by their ingenuity . Many an inventor was obliged to give up his machine to the capitalist for the sake of a situation to work it out , ! and when be had perfected it he was superseded by cheaper labour . What he asked for the labourer was liberty to
benefit hy bis own industry , and then labour would Ao as much for the workers aa it had done for other classes ; ' but of the wnks of labour within the last half century manufacturers had risen into immense wealth . They had overstepped their ari . « tocracy c and had ; through . mortgages ; got a hold upon the land . What the labourer had done for others he might do for himself * and would do if be were relieved from oppression . But' before'that could be donb they must eo beyond the political economy of the Man-Chester School , which was all brain and no heart ,, which thought only of spindles and twists , and knew and cared nothing for the wants of the masses . " If Free Trade as it is made bread cheap , no limited competition' made fettered labour cheaper by means of the action of machinery ! . JHe did not however intend to animadvert on the use of
machinery ; be believed that to its proper direction the working classes must look for their permanent elevation ; but-, at the present time , ¦ if 100 men were in a workshop , and if a machine were invented which would enable five men to do their labour , the ninety-five were thrown out of employment , what provision was there for them hut the workhouse ? They might have before procured great wealth for society , hut then that would be their fate—was that teaching men properly ? If machinery benefits society , ought ™> t ii part of the good to be conferred upon its former labourers ? Did they . owe nothing te > them ? He thought'thatthey di I , and that it was the duty of a government seeking to ensure the happiness of its subjects , to endeavour to find them employment when commercial resources failed ; to do so . Itwas clearly-the obligations ' of those who ruled
to protect the-helpless . What were all good laws , bVit those which ensured equal j ' ustice to both strong and weak ? In the absence of such laws'it was mere barbarism j and what : was it but refined barbarity ' where a good to general society was suffered to degrade thousands ? No one could deny that the Capitalist was individually strong and the workman individually weak . Where oppression - was attempted or exercised it was the duty of govewraentto interfere—nnd by seeing that justice was done . he know , that the ° trading ; classes ' would be . benefitted , because wberevejr tbe worhin ? man was badly off . trade was staBnant ,. wbere | everhe was comfortably situated trade flouri 8 bed . ; If instead of judsingof the prosperity : of a country by the informd " tion derived from . Blue Books . as to the . quantities . of goods imported and exported , they would get the same of the
labourer , thoy would arrive at more correct results . „ Th e n instead of jado-ing of the progress . of Society , . by the sidendbur of an aristocracy—or . the extension of its commerce , or the power ofjts government , they would . draw their conclusions from , the happiness or the misery of the masses of its people . But . he was not forgetting while hd glanced at these matters , great political questions—they , ought to know what were his views upon those subjects . * Leaving out of sight minor questions , be would say that thfij inhabitants of the Tower Hamlets ought not" to" elect any man who was not ready to go for Manhood Suffrage , and , who would not only Vote for it , if introduced , but who would j introduce it , if no one else did . If their representatives > who said that they agreed in the principle did believe it , ] they should press it upon tbe attention of the legislature— \
but the fact was , that while they used the arguments appli- J cable to universal suffrage , tbey voted for minor reform ' s . , Mr . Disraeli , ' twitted them \ and' Lord John Russell re--preached them with that'fact . When be ' with'the chairman j waited upon Mr . George Thompson , after a division upon i Mr . Hume ' sTmotion , Mr . Thompson said thatthe reformers in the house were placed in a curious position , ' Sb they j were , and 80 were all men who asked for less"tha ' a" what ' tbey believed was right . ' He would accept anything he could get , but would not limit his demands to anything less than he thought himself entitled to ; add it wss the duty of real reformers in parliament , whenever a minbrreform was brought forward , to move an amendment , and lay down theprinciple of Manhood Suffrage . There were'in parliament eighty-nine men who , in" the' room , " proposed to agree to
tbat principle—who nsed tbe arguments wlieh would support it in favour of other measures , but while tbeir speeches went that length their resolutions fell fir short . ; What pfevented'that eighty-nine from uniting to ' demand justice ? And if they did unite , and had , aa tbey would have , the people at their back—if they urged their opinions without equivocation or trimming—if they did no , t attend meetings at Cbesbam-place they would soon form a party strong enough to carry the measure . If they had only twelve , determined men in parliament , really representing labour ,. and acting together , much would be done . Those twelve ,. speaking with tbe voice- of the people , ' would make themselves felt . He believed that tbey were justified masking both" electors
and non-ejectors to exert themselves to send such men to parliament—men who would stand forward for freat political rights—men who would deal earnestly and fairly with the labour question , and endeavour to inspire real order npon the chaos of onr social system . Sow there was the opportunity of doing so , and be called upon them to seize it —to do something to elevate the condition » f the worker , to whom society owed so much , and by doing so make England deserve the boasted character of being the greatest , freest , and banpiest nation of tbe world . [ Throughout the speech , Mr . Newton was listened to with great attention , and carried with bim the sympathies and opinions of his audience , and at its conclusion be was enthusiastically cheered . ] |
Liverpool.—On Saturday The Supporters Of...
Liverpool . —On Saturday the supporters of "Messrs . Cardwell and J . C . Ewart , the Free Trade candidates for Liverpool , held a meeting , which was most numerously attended , when a resolution was unanimously passed pledging the . meeting to use all means to return Messrs . Cardwell and Ewart as members for tbe borough of Liverpool , A-vote of thanks to th chairman was then passed , and the meeting - broke up . Sir Thomas has announced his intention to retire : from the representation . Weixs . —The progress of Liberal opinions may be judged of by the fact , that in the episcopal city of Wells , the sitting ; Tory member ^ who has held his stat for many years , has an-. nonnced to his constituents bis intention of retiring from ' : parliament . This has brought out Mr . Sergeant Kinglafce , ' who , iu a manly anl spirited add teas , has declared his de-, termination to contest the seat ( if necessary ) on Libera ? and Free Trade principles . It is rumoured that the Tories have solicited Mr . Tmiway , a resident gentleman , to allow himself to be put in nomination , bat hitherto he has declined the risk of a contest .
KiDBEBMissTEB . —Mr . Best , the sitting member , who bas always hitherto been regarded as a strong Protectionist , has become a sudden convert to Free Trade . Monmouth . —At the close of the poll on Friday , the numbers were—for Mr . Lindsay , 634 : ; for Mr . Bailey , 771 . Majority far Mr . B-dley , 237 . Great excitement prevailed , attended with rioting and turbulence unprecedented here . The windows of inns and other public places , frequented by tbe respective contending parties have been smashed . The carriages , containing both Protectionists aad Free Traders , were assailed with showers of stones , and many were injured . Mr . \ V . S . Lindsay , liberal and unsuccessful candidate for the representation of these burghs , has published a letter , in which , after premising that he had determined to incur none but " legitimate" expenses—viz ., printing and advertising and a share of the polling booths , he proceeds to say how ho sped when the day of the election arrived : —
; " Everything seemed in onr favour till the night before the electien , when our committee made their last rounds . Many voters who had promised could then DOt be found , * they were either out of town or stowed away in some mysterious place . The morning came . Tbe colour of the Conservatives was blue ; that of tho Liberals red . Polling commenced at eight o ' clock . A whole street of small voters , who bad distinctly promised to vote fur the liberal cans * , ha « t , before ten a . m ., polled for the blues , and various others who declared they would sti < -k to their colours and vote in accordance with tUir conscience after two p . m ., unless they got upwards of £ 20 per head , polled for blues by half-past nine a . m . Votes appeared to be . dear in the morning , bat , contrary to the usual custom , and when it was found the r ^ d party would not buy , their market value
fell in the afternoon , for at one p . m . an express arrived offering me the votes of 100 « free and independent electors' for 20 s . a head , and at half-past two Other four Very respectfu ly offered themselves for half-a-crown each ; and when this « a » declined , they were willing to support Free Trade for the low charge of 31 . each , the value of a p int of beer . While all this was going on , the scene in the town was perfectly indescribsible . Windows were smashed , houses gutted , carriages overt urned , reds trampled upon by blues , and blues , in their turn , trampled upon by reds . So < es were bleeding , eyes blackened , heads cut , and ribs and limbs broken . Barrels of beer were rolled imo blue houses , and red and blue vagabonds were rolling and fightinf over them . Tells of ' Bailey for ever , * and ¦• Lindsay
for ever . ' rent the air , leading to the most desperate fights . Many lives would have been lost had it not been for the most admirable management of a bod y of the Glamorgan county police , who were often obliged to clear the way with drawn sabres . Tbe town was full of athletic men from tbe hills , of determined characters , and for what purpose they were sent t here you may imagine , One important fact reached me , and to his shame be it paid , that a county roagi-irarp ; nephew to my opponent , brought by special train 500 to 700 miners from his works armed with sticksv bludgeons , .-. no life preservers , and lodged them , at eight a . m ., in a lar-e inn named the 'Parrot . ' These men , as tho peaceable liberals came to tbe poll , assaulted them , and drove them »«» f- TU 1 B naturally so exasperated the torn
Liverpool.—On Saturday The Supporters Of...
people , who were cbipfly liberals , that they in turn attacked the inn , drove the . < e fellows en masse from it , tore do wn the doors , forced out the windows , and so dismantled the house , that when I pissed it this mor . nirie , there was nothing nut the bare walls , and a t- 'ttert'd blue fl-. ig viaVUle . This was the commencement of the many disgraceful scenes that followed , and which prevented a ' greu number of our staunch but pe'Ceable supporters , who could not be bought , from recording their vores , so that there ! were 302 who did not poll . Can this be called an election ?" . - GRKBNwicn . —A requisition , signed by upwards of 600 electors in the course of a couple of days , has been presented to Mr . Peter Rolt , soUcttina bim to ' atand for the borough . Mr . Rolt , has consented fo become a candidate I 1 Suffoik . — Sir . Charles Bloisb ^ s a & . irased a ' letter tn ' the electors declining to come forward . Mr . Long , of Hurts Hall , has announced his intention of noming forward I
Habwich T ^ In accordance with the , requisition presented to him annul a month back , the Solicitor General , Sir Fi < zroy Kelly , has d-dared himself a candidate for the . vacant Best , and reached Harwich on Monday evening for the pur pose of making a personal canvass of the electors . As thfi writ was no > received till late on Mo » day afternoon , tbe election will riot bike place till . ( this day ) Saturday . ; FnoUB .-rMr . Donald Nicoll , a county magistrate , and recently Sheriff <> f London and Middlesex , is to be a candidate for thei reijresfintation of Frome , ' Plymouth . —A fourth . candidate has come forward in the person of Mr .. Charles Mare , ship-builder , of Black wall . He is a candidate in th ? Derby anil Protestant interest . Hants , South —Sir George Stuunton , Bart ., who once represented the cpns'Uuencv , is coming forward at . th * next general election for . South Hants , on the Liberal interest . The Conservatives , it is believed , will -etasHe Lord Charles Wellesley , arid will bring forward another candidate as colleague of Mr . Compton . .
Gatbsheab . —Mr . LiucMi is the Tory candidate against Mr . Hutr , the sitting member , arid Mr .- WsltPrs . The absence o the former on . the nee / won of Mr . Hume ' s motion apriears to have given great dissatisfaction . Lancashire , . South—Mr . John Cheetham . of Staleybridae bas at length consented to become the Free Trade candidate for this important constituency , arid has been approved of by the leading Free -Troders of Manchester , Liverpool , arid the surrounding districts . - Leeds . —Mr . fippkett has retired from the fie'd , and it is how almost certain that . the two Liberal candidates-the Bight Hun . M , T . Bainos , and Sir George Goodman-will be returned without a contest ... .. * . : , ; Nottingham . —The . Right Hon . E . Strutt has consented to stand in the L'beral interest . Mr . Walter has issued an address to the electors , in which he pledg-n himself tfi ' Free Trade , and to advocate those mensures which ob ained the common sunport of " moderate : Whigs and moderate Conservatives . " .
Wi ' nchkstbr . —Mr . , Andrews , the pnpuhr . mayor of Southamp ton , who resides it Winchester , is mentioned a 8 a candidate for the Liberal interest for this city . Youk . —Mr . Robert . Pashley ,. of-the- Northern Circuit , offers himself as a candidate on the Liberal interest .
The Irish Elections. ' Clonmei..—Thomas ...
THE IRISH ELECTIONS . ' Clonmei .. —Thomas Henry Barton , Esq ., has addressed the electors > of Clnnmel , in opposition to the Hon Cecil Lawless . Mr . Barton is a supporter of the principles of Lor , d Derby ., ¦ . .... . . . - H ? :, Cork County . —Colonel Chatterton has addressed " trie electors of this county . The gallant candidate declares ' for Protection to the native producers . - > : Belfast . —The " Mercu ry " states , that : Mr , Bavidsoh-ia moderate Conservative—will stand for Belfast . Lord Naiis has been mentioned , and it is not unlikely the electors may
put bim forward . ; The Hi . Ul . Thomas Vesey ( Peelite ) retires from the renre--mntation of Queen ' s County ., Sir Charles Cnrite , Bart . ' , has declared his intention of a ? ain coming forward . Mr . P ; Lalor , and Mr . John Reynolds , M . P . for Dublin , are named ai candidates by the Catholic Defence Association . MK Thomas Meagher . . . M , P . forWaterford city , bas addressed a letter to bis . constituents , stating that it is n-it liis intention to seek a renewal of their suffrages at the general eleotinn .: Mr . Serjeant Shee has responded to the call of the e ' -eetors of Kilkenny county . The demolition of the established church is the great feature of the learned gentleman ' s electoral address .
Down Coontt .- From tbe notes of preparation sounded by the northern papers it is clear tbat there will ' be a keen contest for the representation of the county of Down . The admirers of Lord Castlereagh still insist that his lord ! ship arid Mr . Sharman Crawford will be proposed as can-: dates when . the proper time arrives . \ Carlow!—Mr . Sidleir will be opposed in the borough ' of Carlow by . a resident gentleman friendly to Lord Derby ' s government . Antrim Countt , —Mr . Macartney , of LiSSauOme Oftfetle , iaipoken of as a ' candiriate for this county . " ; CtARB . —Mr . Cornelius O'Brien has addressed the electors of Clare .
.. Sir Ralph Howard has arrived inToughal for the purpqse of canvassing . ' : ' - ¦ - ¦ ¦ Mr . O' way Cuffee has addressed tbe electors of Kilkenny as an out-and-out opponent of the Whigs .
... The Elections In Scotland. • ': , Ay...
... THE ELECTIONS IN SCOTLAND . ' : , Ayr Borghs . —Mr . Campbell , of Inverawe , has withj drawn in fa vour of Mr . Boyle . ! Atr Gountv . —Mr . Hunter Blair-has issued an address to i the ejectors of the county —Sir William Miller has declined I to be put in nomination . . / . .. " . ] Kum 4 bnock Burghs . —It isreported that Sir John Shaw , \ of . London , is to be brought forward as a candidate for this i district on the Conservative interest . ! Some of the Ayrshire papers say that Mr . Bouveriewill I have . a close run for his seat —Edinburgh Advertiser . . j ] St ! Andrew ' s BorohS ;—Mr . Edward Ellioe , jun ., is again a candidate for tho representation ^ f theseburghs .
•! .Murder Of Mr. Bfiyd. Late O F The St...
•! . MURDER OF MR . BfiYD . LATE O F THE ST O CK , . EXCHANGE . . " ! ' : The fate of Mr . Benjumin Boyd , late of the Stock Ex-\ change , which has excited so much anxiety in the City , bus j been fully ascertained beyond a doubt . The unfortunate j gentleman , ifc will be recollected , was on a tour in bis l yacht , the Wanderer , from California to Sydney ; and when ! among ' the group of Salomon . Inlands , in . the South Pacific , I was attacked by the natives , and met with a horrible death , ! as also a . companion . An impression bus been circulated to the effect that Mr . Boyd would be found probably to bsye . p . erHied on board his own vessel ; the truth , however , will be best gathered from , extracts from the ship ' s log ( book ,, which details the whole circumstances , and i » atj ' tested by the master and crew of the Wanderer : — " Wedne sday , October 15 th—Early this morning many 0811063 ( were . alongside , without any trade or warlike weapons . At
; about half-past six Mr , ' Boy" arose in usual good spirits " , and taking the small boat , with ' one native of Ocean Island Went ashore to shoot game . The boat was seen to enter a small creek , and was immediately out of sight of the ship . Sir . Boyd fired one shot soon after . Miny nstires were seen standing near the entrance to the creek . About seven o ' clock another shot was heard , but nothing transpired to excite suspicion . " The details of . an attempt by the natives to obtain possession of the ship , in which they were beaten off with great loss , are then given . " We now manned the j > oat and went to seek Mr . Boyd , but all the traces wefound were the . place of struggle and the marks where he had fired two shots . From the marks ashore , and the situation of the wadding of Mr . Boyd ' s gun , it would seem as if he was attacked as scion as the boat got out of sig' -t of the
ship , and was killed after a struggle in the water , as was also his companion , but what became of the bodies God Only knows . That the natives should have attacked us in the face of so many large guns may seem strange to many , but , by their motions , they evidently thought' that the fire was the only thing that could hurt tbero ; for when a musket wa . s levelled at one . 'he then put up a . -wicker shield and came boldly forward ; and , in fact , one canoe cariie up receiving a two-pound char » e of grape . That' we should have beaten them , unprepared as , we were , was more than we expected . ' If they had corno up in a body , the tale Would never have been told , for what could be expected of four men to two hundred well-armed savagi' 8 ? As it was , it was a hard fight / ' The document concludes with an Recount of some other futile attempts which were made to recover Mr . Boyd ' s remains .
I Legal Caution,—We Are Instructed To St...
I Legal Caution , —We are instructed to state , for the benefitof such of our country clients as may now be v'siting this Metropolis , that the " Cheap Conveyance Association" they may have seen announced on gome of tho Holborn Omnibuses , has no connexion whatever with tbo Society for Law Reform they may have elsewhere seen advertise-l . —Punch . , j # Wet nursing , always surrounded with many dangers , and expensive withal , has been super > eded by Du Barry ' s Bevalenta Arab . ' ca Food . We cite three out of 50 , 000 testimonials : — ' No . 50 , 034 . — Grammar School , Stevenage , Dec . 16 , 1850 . —Gentlemen , we have used your delicious food for fuur montha , and found it admirably adapted for infants .- Our baby lias never once had disordered bowels pince taking it . We had a nurao for her for the first ste months , but her bowels were constantly out of . order . Had we known ; of your food . before ; we should have saved the heavy expense of tbo ivet nurse , aud our child would have been more healthy , —R .
lAmbler . ' ' Cure , No . 2 701—1 consider you a blessing to society at 'large ; My little boy cries for a saucer of ; your food every morning . ^—Walter Keatine , 2 , " Manninff . ' place , Five Oaks , Jersey . ' ' Testisnoniai , No . 4 . 87 G—si . Queen ' s-terrace , Bay « water , London , 22 nd ^ November , 1849 Mr Dampier will thank Messrs . Du Barry and Co , to send him another canister of their ftevah-nta Arabics , it ' agreeing so well with his " infant . ' ( This infant w s six' day * old ; when it commenced living on tho ltevalenta ) . — ' Testimonial , No . 2 , 14 * 2 . —Catherine-street , Frome , Somerset , Dec . 16 th , 1848 . Sir , — I have given your Revalenta Arabica Food to my little girl , wiio is ; ot a delicate constitution , and I find it does her ' much good , i & c—H . Clark . ' —Caution—The name of Messrs . Du Barry's invaluable food , as also that of the firm , have been so closely imitated , that iavalids cannot too carefully look at the exact .-- 'pelliiig of both , and also Messrs . Pu Barry ' s address , 127 . New Bond-street , London , in order to avoid being imposed upon b y ErvalSuta , Real Ravalenta , Arabaca Pood , Arabian ltevalenta , or other spurious
compounds of peas , beans , Indian and oatmeal , under a close imitation of the name , which have nothing to recommend them but the feckless-audacity ' of their ignorant arid unscrupulous , compounders , and which , though admirably adapted for pigs , would * play sad havoc with the delicate stomach of an invalid or infant . —; See Advertisement in our ( to-day ' s ) columns . ... ; .. HomowAi ' s Ointment and I ' ltts have effected a wonderful cure , of a Dreacful Swelling . —John Forfar , a farm labourer , of Newbprough , near Hexham , had an enormous swelling on each side of one of Ms thighs ;; he was under the advice of , three eminent surgeons , and afterwards an inmate of the ; Newcastle infirmary , - altogether about two years , but the efforts of the doctors proved usclessi as he derivt-a no benefit from their treatment ; : Hearinit BO much hi praise of Holloway ' s Ointment and Pills he determined to give them a trial , and these valuable medicines effected a cure in about eight weeks , although he was working hard at ha ) makmg at ihe time . Afterwards he continued to work without pain or discomfort throughout the winter , and is now in excellent health ,
S&Mt Mm Mm
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Death Of Princs Scnwaitzenberg.' (From T...
DEATH OF PRINCS SCnWAItZENBERG . ' ( From the " Baily AVws" of Wednesday . ) The sudden death of Prince Scbwarzenberg , the Austrian Prime Minister—the news of which reached us yesterday evening by electric telegraph—will surprise , though it can scarcely pain or alarm , the English public . Only the night before last Lord Beaumont brought under the notice of-tho House of Lords tho diplomatic correspondence which has taken place oh tbe subject of the foreign refugees , in which tbe despatches of Prince Schwaizehberg Occupy sojoffenaively prominent a position ; arid even while his lordshi p was commenting on those despatches , the Austrian Premier was-in the agonies of death . With those despatches , the minister has himself become matter of history . The ; name
of Prince Schwarzenberg will ever be associated with a most remarkable period in the eventful history of Austria . Summoned to the highest civil office , at a moment when Au-tria , when all Germany , was in a state of political convulsion , when Austria was threatened with civil and forei gn wars , and actually at war with Sardinia—when the finances and credit of the empire were at tbeir lowest ebb—when the popular feeling of all Protestant Germany was arrayed against it—when nothing but a miracle appeared capable of suving . thH house of llapsburg from utter ruin and extinction — Prince Schwarzenberg , as Prime Minister , Bi-emed to guMe the policy which , after an overwhelming struggle , so miraculously restored his country to even more than her former greatness and power . He obtained the credit for having successfully diverted , and distracted the
attention of tho Frankfort parliament from tho onlypractical solution of the great ' popular difficulty , and of the peaceful dissolution of that body from which the people h ; vd been inclined to expect the regeneration of Germany . To him was ascribed tho masterl y conducted , but not less wickH intrigue which ended with the downfall of the Austrian parliament : and the war with Hungary . Itlwas his activity and genius which was said to havo raised , equipped , and armed the countless hosts with which the Austrian generals encountered defeat after defeat in Hungary Until Russian aid was implored and granted . If all this ' - was so , Prince Schwarzenberg would havo deserved a very high place in the ranks of modern , statesmen . Future histories , written when the truth can be provedwill show that tbo military advisers of
, the Austrian court were the inventors of , and to a great extent , the workers in , the internal conspiracy against liberty- . - The-minister was only a . willing tool in their hands . The disruption of the German parliament was owing to other causes than Prince Sclwarzenberg ' s chicanery and treachery anu history will remove him from the high position in which he has been so unjustly placed .: When fairly traced , the career of the late minister will exhibit successes , due only , to the weakness and folly of those over whom they were gained . Whenever he encountered a courageous and determined . opponent , he was foiled ; whenever be met a vacillating cowardly foe , the policy he pursued was entirely successful . His violent and dogged pertinacity , his unblushing effrontery , nnd his unmeasured arrogance , secured to his name the elorv of having humbled Frederick William
of Prussia : arid his minister Mariteuffel , but they failed most egregiously : in the negotiations with the Porte respecting the Hungarian refugees . His recent negotiations to force , all Germany into , a cdmmeicial union—all the advantages of which would have been oh the side of Austria —have terminated in failure : a failure certainly not greater than that which followed his attempt to create hew institutions for the Germanic Confederation ; the latter to bis consummate annoyance and dismay , ended in the resumption of the unmanageable old Diet , arid the former have forced . tho northern states of-Germany .... with ' 'Prussia aj t their head , into a more liberal and therefore more powerful and more lasting- commercial league . The internal policy , which , acting under the orders of the secret imperial cabinet , has been pursued during his ministry has
bx-ti to adopt and to improve—by increasing their seventy i—the institutions with wh ; eu bis predecessor Metternich so . well succeeded iii endowing the empire . Notwithstanding the debt of gratitude which he thus incurred , Prince Schwarzenberg always spoke of tho ex-chancellor ih the most contemptuous and reviling terms . During his ministry the military and police despotism under which the united provinces of Austria now groan , - obtained a perfection hitherto . unknown ; during his ministry , and with his direct sanction , more atrocities—witness the hangings at Arad and the woman-floggings at Pesttt—were committed than can b « found in any other , period of similar duration in the history of tbe empire . As during the last four year ' s Prince Schwarzenberg has so successfully earned a ' high place in the ' Newgate Calendar" of despotic kings and bad ministers ,-his antecedents will naturally , and with laudable curiosity , be inquired after . But few of these , and none very creditable , are Known ; Born of a princely family—ho
was the nephew of Field-Marshal Prince Schwarzenberg , who commanded the . allied armies aVLeipzig—his brother i ' s a cardinal , arid Bishop of , Prague—the ; late Prince Felix soug ht fa-me in his younger days in diplomacy arid in the army .- In the latter his-services have not . obtained any very brilliant recognition , while in the former be has been blessed with successful failures oui of riuoitjev . . Beyond all que-tion ,-however , the late minister derived his greatest notoriety , from- his successes anil' failures in conflicts neither diplomatic nor military . ' Wherever either of these services summoned him he invariably found time and leisure to bestow on the service of Cupid . In St . Peters * burg h , in Naples , and in London , the diplomatist was a successful wooer ; though in the two latter cities his successes -were attended by unpleasant consequences . In Naples , the L-izzaroni , and in London , a court of law , revenged the injured husbands . At the time of bis death , Prince Schwarzenberg was an outlaw from this country on account of unpaid damages and costs .
The : Austrain Eihperor has undoubtedly experienced a loss by the death of a willing servant ; his pldcemay be temporarily difficulty to fill , but it will not have other than momentary effects on the present system of government , as he , was not the originator , but merely the adapter of the system and as his position , especially recently , was essentially administrative , tbe Emperor Francis . Joseph- will tloubtless find another equally willing : servant among the numerous military ' and diplomatic courtiers who surround him . One thing may , however , be calculated on with tolerable certainty ; whoever may be his successor be canno t be a greater foe to England and Prussiathan was Prince Schwarzenberg . The Austrian people gain nothing , the Emperor loses nothing . by his death England and Prussia may gain a milder and move temperate forei gner to negotiate . with . ¦ < ¦•''¦'
Opmwg Of The Parliament Of Mutes. . (Fro...
OPMWG OF THE PARLIAMENT OF MUTES . . ( From the " Examiner . " ) If , by any conceivable influence , M . Louis Napoleon Bonaparte at thia inatant could ho .. metamorphosed into the very opposite of all that we bave . hitherto . known him to bo—could he become sincere , truth-speaking , disinterested , attached to liberty and law j and ready to sacrifice his own whims , enjoyments , and importance to the rights , hopes , and happiness of the people among whom he was borneven then we could not now accept him as a worth y ruler of a great country .:
¦ The evil that has been wroug ht in . France ; public and private , during the last four months is such as-no life and no wisdom can repair . The respect for the forms of constitutional and representative government which had grown up and taken root since . 1815 has . within these . few months been utterly destroyed and uprooted . The pretence of replanting it , now made by Louis Napoleon , is . nothing more hopeful than the planting of trees of liberty by the Pari , siahs . in the interstices of paving-stones , of which the . natural . verdure , soon extinct , is rep laced by the gaudy trickery of rages and ribands .
What catastrophe , or series of catastrophes , could now ' -rostore what this man has destroyed , it would be difficult t >> imagine . What combination of heroism and wisdom could wash out the stain left on thehonour . and consistency of tub French as a nation , baffles the imagination not less . Most revolutions bring some compensation for the disaster and ruin which they cause . If tho influence , of one class is dethroned there is another to take its place . , Principle gives way to the principle opposed to it ; and the experience of an old set of functionaries is at least replaced by the freshness , the ardour , and the . meditated ameliorations of a new school of politicians . But here all principle ,
honesty , capacity , respectability , have been set aside . The only passport to office has been the absence and negation of every one of these qualities . . M . Yeron in the seat of M . Guizotl and M . Billault , the advocate of the Nantes kluve-traders , a man rejected of every political party jduiing the last twenty years , is now the very proper President of an assembly of deputies returned exclusively by the prefects , not one of them ever before heard of unless ns the object of ill-fame ' s pointed finger . j We havejustasked what , would blot out of the escutcheon of France the stain of December , 1851 , | and the country ' s apparent acquiescence in it ?
: One circumstance , let us admit , that saves the honour of the country is the tacit yet firm protest o every honourable Frenchman . In Franco there is a class of men of which wo have f ew or none , official men , yet men who . have grown ui > not so much in political office as in' the , collateral branches of administration . Such men are the councillors of State , the members of the great council of | t be University . Such men' are . 'the ' CousiriS , . Villemains , Mtgnets , arid a . host of others . Tbe ' se . ' men ; though poor , and not caring to enrich themselves , have , by that'iespect which ev .: ry French regime until the present has bad for oh tracter and
talent , been advanced to tho first grades , to ; be ministers , and peers , and notables , simply by virtue of . their rank in science , in letters , in philosophy , in honour . ; No Government could have sprung up in France partaking strongly of French feeling , that would not , that must not , have respected such men . - M . Bonaparte hasturned them fall . adrift . They would not bow the knee to him . Broken lieutenants , condemned placemen , the . sweepings of the gaol and the insolvent court ,, the . journalist that has . bean the valet of all parties —these alone are worthy of being the legislators and councillors of the present President of France .
On the other hand , after more than forty years' distinguished service to freedom , thought , and letters , such a man as Victor Cousin finds himself stripped and well-nigh destitute . It is not improbable that his library , bis last possession , will have to bo sold for . the : sustenance of its illustrious owiier . Arid yet M . I Bonaparte , in his opening speech to the Chambers , has the audacity to talk of the f miseries he has alleviated ;" , and'the" ""functienariesrof State whose position lie has elevated . " ' ' .: ; ' . . ' ' ' - "' •• * ¦' ^ Tbe ' dobl impudence of his ' opening speech to his m ° o 5 s Chambers is indeed prodig ious , and fully worthy of the utterance of that unrivalled comedian Frederic Lemaitre . Scarcely , indeed , can we imagine any other person than that actor having the face to come forward to tell the
Opmwg Of The Parliament Of Mutes. . (Fro...
French nation that its free voice . deliberated . Bclccted , and sanctioned the institutions which now govern , the . country . " France under the Republic , " says the great . actor , " was a pyramid npon its point . Wo have replaced it on its true base . " This true and broad base being the poor little solitary personage of the Elysee . , ' The parody goes on to e & y that the fault of the old system of government was , that no one in power or authority knew when to stop , or to set bounds to his authority and ambition . M . Bonaparte declares that : be lias remedied this , by taking all to himself ? ' , ,, ,:, ;„„ , What does a people want with liberty ? asks . tbe . politioal Robert Macaire . Surely it is not freedom of either thought , expression , or action , that conld -do it any gpo'd . What alone it required was the lihertv : of choosing a good
government . It chose me . It cho-e me , andhei-e I am . . ouch a haranguer would have had . great and legitimate success on the Boulevard du Temp le , ' where all n . ounte-DanKs ntid »» audience . But it is a melancholy sight to see mdlLV ^ A 1 f , 0 W 0 J- of a dictator , anil with sufficient lm-S - a ^ ress a P <> Ple , or even tbe semblance of a « mS fix ? ' uoh a one * lu" >« t ^ citing a convulsion either or laughter or indignation . ^ ' The finale of tho speech ' is quite of a piece in logic and impudence vmh the rest of it . " 1-ask nothing for myself , aaith M . Louis Napoleon Bonaparte .-. '" Ihave done all for France and got nothing for myself : " - A full command of the Treasury and the Civil List , with the property of the Orleans fiimily emptied iato it nothing i ; "I could have taken the title of Emperor-a scorb of times . "But I will not take it , unless parties should conspire . " ••
-Now , it is as certian . as the rising of the sun , or the coming of summer , tbat par ies in France will conspire . '¦ Thoy have nothing left but to conspire . They have no other wayof defending their property and character , "agsed and fettered as . both action and expression in the country are , aave-by conspiring , . .. And conspire every party in Franca must and will—those spirited , then at least of every party , who cannot lie down under the most stupid , immoral , sud insolent , despotism that ever gained power by surprise , and kept it by terror and by tyranny . ; . The French must cowpire . Whereupon they are to have an Emperor . It is promised $ ' But it can matter lifle-what the . thing is called . The French nation-is at present -inftho pillory , the contempt of every other nation , in the ' world } ' and of every liberal man . Whether the executioner wjio . 'has placed rranoe . in that position shall continue to wear , his ' original garments and bad ges of office , or whether ho shall cover them with a purple robe , and surmount them with an imperial crowncannot surely make much difference
, . The character of France , its position , and the resumption ol its place , among nations are , however , matters that concern tho French . Our own opinibns . on the subject do not prevent us being glad tolcarn even from President Robert Macaire , that nothing shall tempt him to break the peace , or disturb the present tranquillity of Europe , save something which shall touch tl < e honour of France . : What such a man , with such principles , and such a . code of honour and veracity , may deem the honour of France , we cannot very well imag ine ; but decidedly as long as tho . French lie quietly under tbedisgrace of their own present prostration , none of the European Powers could think of interfering . Prince Schwarzenberg himself . could not well wish ' to see iberal and constitutional Fianco . in , other plight or mother hands than'i t is . . ;
. .. - . - I '¦ ; I Duties Of The Democr...
. .. - . - I '¦ ; i DUTIES OF THE DEMOCRACY . . ' By Joseph Mazzini .-( From the Nation ( Belgian ) of March lGth , 1852 . ) : What now should be tbe watchword , tin ? . rallying cry of parties ? : ¦ - - - . ; - ¦ The reply is v «? & lmpk * , it may he Riven in a wefd : action—one , European , unceasing-,. logical , bo ) d , of all and everywhere . . : . Tbe talkers have lost France ; they - will lose Europe , unless a holy reaction takes pUce ajjainst them in tbe heart of the party . ThankstbHhemwe are now at the Lower
Empire . - By dint of disputing asto the future we have abandoned the present to the first comer . By dint . of substituting , each h . t \ liHlfi sect , bis little system , -. his petty , organisation of Dfimocracy , for the common faith , for the I association ot forces in order to conquer a ground , we have ! thrown disorganisation into ourranks . The sacred phalanx j which should always advance as a single . man ; ' serrying ; itself at every martyr ' s death , has become an assemblage of free llances , a veritable camp of Wallenstein , less the genius of I tbe roaster . ¦ ¦ ¦ -
l At the boor of attack it is . disbanded , ri ght and left , ' . 'it has found 'itself scattered in knots , in little detachments , OH ' all tha cross roads of Socialism , everywhere , except on the jhighwav . The enemy was one ; he did not ' discuss ; . he acted ; he has found his advantage in it ; and . it . is not by ; discussions on the best manner of settling buraanity ; b y line j and rule , that we shall get rid of him for ever :- ¦ •• ¦ I We have told truth enough to our enemies ; ' thanks to'fls land to their own consciences , it now rends tbeir hearts like ¦; tbe vulture of Prometheus :, it troubles'them , ' and makes a iblunder of . every crime tbey commit . . "" •• '¦'• - '¦ : ' : ? j The bourns come to speak the sameHfnthV pure and , prej cisel y as we conceive it , to our friends ... Tbey have done the utmost possible bam to the noblest of . causes . ; . ; they would ! have killed it by excess oflove , or by want of intelligence , j bad it not' been immortal .
I I am not accusing the-great social "thought , which will he I the glory and the mission of the enoch : of-which we are the i precursors , I find no fault with the . hol y asp irations wh ' c ' i . jprophesy the emancipation of the workers , salvation for all , the cup for all . I complain not of the tendency to substitu te , as far as possible , free , association for the unhridled 'C ompetition , of . individuals . credit from - the . State for the esisentially sulfish ' credit of franklin , a simple . tar- on ' superfliii-¦ ties ' lor the muliiciple taxes attacking tbeyery lifeof the poor consunifir , primary instruction and equal education of all for . the present monopoly and inequality .- These things have been preached for twenty years by us ' all ; they are comprehended in tbat old word—Republic , for which our fathers ; died , and which is sufficient for me . <
But I accuse the Socialists—the chiefs especially—of having falsified , . mutilated , narrowed this grand thought , one law for all , by imprisoning it in absolute systems ; , which encroach at ' orice upon liberty and individuality " oni the solvereianty of the country , on the continuity , of progress . I accuse them of having desired , in the name of their shabby individuality , to externporisfttpoaivive solutions to the problem of hnmaii life before that life was able to manifest : iiself in its fullnessof aspiration and capacity under the influence of those great electric currents which are called revolutions . ¦ '' . ' ,
I accuse them of having pretended to be able , at any fixed hour , to give issue from their narrow or sick brains , to . an organisation which can proceed only " from the concurrence of all the human faculties in aci ' ion , anil of having ; substituted their solitary / for the collective European- /; of having spoken in the name of St . Simon , of Fourier , of ^ Cabflt , or some other , where it was a question of killing the -revealers for the profit of the continued revelation , and for inscribing on . the front of the temple—Gen is Gob , and iHoMANiTir is His Prophet . j 1 accuse them of having hidden man under the sectarian , free intelligence under formulas , the idea of life under one single manifestation of lifrf ; of having called themselves
. Communists , Communitarians , Communionists , red or blue , little matters what , instead of calling themselves men , republicans , democrats of the nineteenth century ; of having invented fatal distinctions between Socialists and Kcpublijcans—between Socialists ' and Revolutionists . ; I accuse them of baving'in their vanity always said— "It is I , " where they should have only said— " Itiswe " oi having employed all the resources of . . their minds to devour one another , to annihilate each other , ' to destroy in the people ' s heart all confidence in ; any direction ; of having engendered ! by a logical necessity , the dissolving , mephistophelean genius of Proudhon , who denies them all , who denies God , society ; goverriinent , and enthrones irony in the void ' . ' . • • . ..
! I accuse tbem of having dried up the sources of-faith , of having snimalieed man , of having pushed the workman towards egotism , in concentrating almost exclusively the attention of all upon material interesss , in putting forth BS ihe end of European labour that which should be'onl y ' * means ; in taking for a principle the physical amelioration Which can be onl y a consequence o f his moral
amelioration . •¦;; . . ; . ¦¦ : ' . •* . ¦ " j I accuse them of having repeated , with : Benshara and Volney that life is the search after happiness , instead of repeating wth all those who have brought about grandtransformations in the world that life is a mission , the ac ComplUhmerit of duty . ' . j I accuse them of having made believe tbat a people could he regenerated by growing fat ; of having made of tbe Iquestion of humanity a mere question of the flVsb . pots of . thumaniiy ; of having said to each , according to bis capacity , to each according ' to bis wants , instead of crying from jthe housetops—to each according to his love , to each ac-Icordirig ' . to his devotion . ; ¦¦ - . - , ! I accuse ; them of having through I know not what vague , ' ; cosraopolitani 5 m which' ends in inac tion , through I knoyf , ,
inot-what establishment of headless communes , enfeebled . - iand ruined as far as , in them lay , the feeling of nationality : i that is to say—of having desired to make the lever act ! while taking away the point of leverage , and humanity while j suppressing its organisation fbr . action . i And 1 accuse them of ' bating done all this under the i very fire of tbe enemy , when every one should . have -been ft soldier , when unity and organisation- . were- . hi ghsst ' lawj-! when the peoples arose in faith , anrJran the risk 0 f dying : I in 'despair ; when the qu estion was above all to make the Revolution an European event , and not the mere solution of an economic al problem ; when it was needful ' to sendround , like a fiery cross , from mass to mass , from nation to nation the . word I wrote in beg inning—Acri w .
, For having forgotten ihis— or having said : . 'WbatFranCft ' owes to Europe ' is the solution of tlhe " problem of the or- ^ ganisation of labour , for having de ' s ' pisart the voice of those of her children who called upon all the differing to org ' sn ise themselves upon a common ground to maintain the fight-France has arrived by way ol Rome at the shame of the 2 ad of December .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 10, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_10041852/page/7/
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