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%OVEHBEK 10, 1849. THE N0RTHERN STAR -aa...
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-aa—^«.—_ ratttrn
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HOLD OS, HOLD ON." IN THE WORLD'S DESPIT...
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Sebi*to&
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The Colchicum, Remedy for Epidemic Chole...
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The Operatives' Free Press. Conducted by...
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SUNSHINE AND SHADOW ; A TALI OP THE NINE...
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NEWS AND READING ROOMS IN CONNEXION WITH...
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THE :'NEW MORMON CITY. ^ Tho Mormons hav...
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vmttlt*
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Families op LtTaiusr Me.v.—A quarterly r...
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[ 1ST OF BOOKS AND SHEETS ¦ *"* NSW TVBlMWO SI B. D. COUSINS,
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
%Ovehbek 10, 1849. The N0rthern Star -Aa...
% OVEHBEK 10 , 1849 . THE N 0 RTHERN STAR T \ " ' ^ — .- *————
-Aa—^«.—_ Ratttrn
-aa—^« . —_ ratttrn
Hold Os, Hold On." In The World's Despit...
HOLD OS , HOLD ON . " IN THE WORLD'S DESPITE . ( From the Uxbridge Spirit of Freedom . ) Sever despair—oh » my brother ia sorrow , . 1 KBOW that oar mourning is ended not—yet Shall the vanquished to-day , be the victors tomorrow , ¦ . _ And our star shine on , when the tyrant ' s sun ' s set . Hold on—though , men spur thee for whomthou ' rt living . Alife only cheered by the lamp of its love ; Give thy all , and the great soul shall lose not for giving , Green spots mid life ' s waste , wait thy worn spirit-dove . Hold on , hold on—in the worlds despite , Aurse the faith in thy heart , keen the lamp of God bright , r And my life for thine it shall , end in the right .
What though the army of the martyrs have perished . The angel of life rolls the stone from their graves—Still lire the lore and the freedom they cherished , And their trumpet-cry stirs the grey hearts of slaves . They aregone—yet their presence bath left in our life A glory , like God ' s kiss on clouds at even , Gone down on the desolate seas of their strife , To climb as star-beacons up liberty ' s heaven . Hold on , srillhold on—in the world ' s despite , Aurse the faith in thy heart , keep the lamp of God bri g ht , And my life for yours , it shall end in the right .
Think of the wrongs that have ground us for ages , Think of the wrongs we have still to endure , — Think of onr blood-red on history ' s pages , Then work that our reckoning be speedy and sure . Slaves—cry to God—but be onr God revealed In our hearts , in our Uvea , in our wafare for man , And bearing—or borne upon—victory ' s shield , Let us fi ght till we fait in the proud battle ' s van . Hold on , still hold on— in the worlds despite , JTurse the faith in thy heart , keep the lamp of God bri g ht , Vn . 4 my Me for yours , it shall end In the right . JLisssr .
Sebi*To&
Sebi * to &
The Colchicum, Remedy For Epidemic Chole...
The Colchicum , Remedy for Epidemic Cholera . By Joseph Bell . Newcastle-upon-T yne : . G . Green , 99 , Side . Without pretending to that medical knowledge and experience which might enable us to pronounce a decided opinion on the worth of 3 ir . JBeix ' s remedy for Cholera , we consider it due to the public safety to give our assistance In calling attention to the said remedy . More than twelve months ago Mr . Bell communicated bis -views to the Medical Times ,
but , excepting in a few instances , the profession gave no countenance to his suggestions . Not dismayed , Mr . Bell proceeded to reduce his theory to practice , and with , the happiest resolts . Between October 1848 , and 'October 1849 , he sold , gave away , and dispensed upwards of Forty Thousand doses to persons suffering from decided Cholera , or Diarrhoea , and other active symptoms of Cholera . The effect of the medicine in restoring health is described by those who have tried it as
perfectly satisfactory . " Some , apparently in tbe throes of death in the evening , have been at their employment in tbe morning . " Dr . Hendebsox , member ofthe Royal College of Surgeons of London and Edinburgh , and late of the Royal Navy , for many years past settled at Gateshead , has followed the treatment laid down in this pamphlet , with great success . He certifies that in more than two hundred cases—many of them—very severe—he had but six deaths . "We extract the following
BEFIT TO OBJECnOXS TO THE USE OF COLCHTCC 1 T . To this treatment of cholera it has been objected that ' colcbicamitself ' produces some of the symptoms of cholera , viz .: that it sometimes causes vomiting , and that it causes a bowel complaint , that is purges , and that likewise it is a debilitating medicine . Now , granting that it does all these things ( which it does not , ) they are not conclusive arguments against iis use . If colcbicum was uniformally emetic , that is no -objection to its use in Asiatic cholera , for emetics of the most active character are very frequently used , -viz ., tartar emetic , epecachnanha , and mustard .
But usually when colcbicum is given for this -disease it acts quite the reverse of causing vomiting , n Terv many instances having instantly pnt an end to vomiting of the most violent character , and even when the first doses have been thrown off the . stomach , by perseveringly repeating if ; ultimately with very few exceptions , it has silenced the vomitin ^ , ' and most rapidly after that removed the other . symptoms , which can be said of no other medicine ever given for cholera . About fourteen days ago eight pow ders were vomited , the ninth stopped , and instantly violent spasmodic action was removed . Colcbicum having purgative qualities ! in the practice of tbe Faculty , is no objection to its use , 4 »] ae why is calomel in scruple doses , in which quandearie
tity IS is an active pnrgatire commenaea oy s ^ nd that most drastic , purgative , and debilitating ^ ruo , Croton oil , has been administered and commended by the Faculty for cholera . " Then the objections , that because colcbicum may occasionally excite vomiting , that it acts as a purgative , and that it is a debilitating medicine ( ac--cordinTto the practice ofthe profession ) on these considerations , fall one and all to the ground . But there is no analogy except ofthe most super--ficial character , betwixt the effects of emetics and uureatives and the effects of this Asiatic disease . Emetics cause the contents of the stomach to be elected , and increase its natural secretions , but they do not cause a new substance to issue out of the circulating mass into tbe sttmach and eject it .
Purgatives increase the liquid secretions of the alimentary canal , but they do not create new secretins . Whereas in cholera , the natural secretions are nearly altogether suspended , and a new body , by some undiscovered process , perhaps by infiltration through the tissue ofthe substance of the mtes--imes , is poured out ofthe blood into the alimentary canal , a body composed ofthe saline contents ofthe Wood and a portion of the albumen , but chiefly composed of its serous portion . . ' But as a purgative , colchicum , when given in this disease , does not invariably act , but the reverse ; for I haveafter astringents have heen given m
, vain fand in some instances before any astringents W been administered , the ejectments being the -rice water liquor , ) sometimes with a single dose of colcbicum combined with calomel , put a stop to the v uUd « , aperient medicine being afterwards ream-Wteto get the calomel out ofthe bowels . m And nantinff that colcbicum does debilitate , it is ¦ questionable that it debilitates so much as large doses of mercury , and certain that it does not debilitate so much as Croton oil , a most drastic purgative , and tbe amount of debility arising from its influence , is not to he mentioned with that arismg -from tbe rice water * tool , or from the violent
spasmodic action of Asiatic cholera ; and the debility arising from colchicum isnot even to be named with that arising from the rapid salivation many surgeons Dut their patients under in cholera . Thus the only objections that , as far . as I know , can be urged against the use ot colchicum in this disease Deing removed , next let us estimate its ad aptation for the curing of it- .,,,.. -. Cholera it is said , in Good ' s Study of Medicine , is a tarmaiulv chiracterised by a total absence of fiKm the wMe ranee of , the alimentary canal , while it is as generally found m great abundance in S m SS bladder . Dr / EUiotson observes in cholera fherfisno want of bile , but none gets into the
in-* Sifife has often been observed , that on the subsidence 5 this disease , what is called a reaction £ plaS , tbe first symptoms of abatement are SfrfollowedbY acrimonious bilious stools . W AndaS mi Good ' s Studyof Medicine it is said : «& ^ eKattery of the % yn » ptoms appears . on areview ofthe disease , to have ^ opened by a OTaSic constriction of thegallduct ? . for without Sh £ Obstruction we cannot accounttor £ » « Sin of Mbit amftSaS . ^ toS 2 SSSSSS ! OS £ sSlThe the main desideratum . ' ,. ¦ tt mwa . desideratum , " " *•? ' * " % S ! t * £ tt of Station , can be colchicum , JW ^ JH ^ bSm medicine of the " 23 ^ method of ff ^ LX chium is set forth in the following prescnp
Tn Asiatic cholera ,, there ^ mspennon oft ^ Col ^ C ^ id SbW 7 aid on the authority /* ^ SotoiX ^& m iB the most powenul allayer of morbid irntapuity .
The Colchicum, Remedy For Epidemic Chole...
On these grounds then , I said this remedy goes direct to the disease , and on these grounds it was stated to be simple and rational . But having fixed on colchicum as the sheet anchor for the cure of cholera , next I had to determine how it should be ~ ascd , how assisted , -with what combined ; then for these purposes , to suit the various ways in which this disease makes its invasion , calomel , rhubarb , cassia , astringents ; oxide of bismuth , were mixed , few or more , with it , and prepared chalk was added to neutralise the acrid bile , poured in profuse quantity into the intestines ; diluents and cold water being freely drank , and as external auxiliaries , mustard poultices , hot flannels and bncks , and linimentrand sulphur freely rubbed on the parts cramped , were used . . The .. Griping and Spasm Powder . —Take of
powdered colchicum root 6 grains , ditto calomel 3 grams , ditto rhubarb 4 grains , ditto powdered chalk 40 grains , ditto torment il root 6 grains , mixed . The Indigestion Powder . — -Sulphate of quinine 1 grain , powdered rhubarb 4 grains , ditto cassia 6 grams , prepared chalk 30 grains , powdered colchicum root 5 grains , oxide of bismuth 6 grains . Hi * .. looseness Powder . —Powdered tormentil 25 grams , ditto catecu 30 grains , ditto galls 5 grains , ditto cassia 6 grains , prepared chalk 30 grains , powdered colchi cum root 6 grains , ditto rhubarb 4 grains mixed . Supplemental to . the above , to silence the incessant vomiting , the following was used : clapping a hot mustard poultice on the stomach as long as it could be borne . Powdered tormentil root 30 grains , ditto colcbicum root , 5 grains , mixed and repeat it as ' often as vomited in cold water .
An Astringent Powder . —Take of powdered tormentil 20 grains , ditto catecu 30 grams , ditto galls 4 grains , ditto cassia 6 grains , mixed . Table of Proportional Quantities suited for Different Ages . —For an adult a whole powder ; under one year l-12 th ; two years l-8 th ; three years l-8 th ; four years I ; seven years J ; fourteen years }; twenty years $ ; above twenty-one a full dose ; above sixty-five the inverse gradation of the above . Should everything be vomited , I would suggest to be given at intervals fire grains of calomel and five grains of powdered colchicum root , placing them on the tongue , and washing them down with a mouthful of water . This combination I have given with the desired effect . Calomel , we know , has a sedative effect on the stomach . These powders , before they reach the duodenum , ( in which they act on the
liver , ) would he from one to two hours under ordinary circumstances , but as everything flows in this disease rapidly on , perhaps a much shorter period will he required unless there is ne purging , hut simply spasms of the bowels . So on this account , from a few minutes to two hours may elapse before the medicine displays its power fully . i Sometimes there is neither vomiting , purging , nor spasm ; indeed , violent spasmodic action is a favourable sign , most recoveries taking place when they are violent . . For this type a stimulant of a peculiar kind is wanted . The frame is paralised by the intensity of tho cause of this disease , I would , therefore , suggest strychnia in such cases ( which is chiefly used in paralysis ) combined with colcbicum . In the state of collapse it has heen advantageously given .
We
add—DIBECriOKS FOB B 3 KG THE POWDER . 1 . —The powders first to be made the proper strength to suit the age , for which see the table of proportional doses . 2 . —For Looseness . —Give a looseness powder every three hours , mixed in cold water , and if vomited , repeat it immediately ; drink mutton or beef tea with boiled rice in it frequently , and cold water when thirsty , and k « ep from solid animal food for a few days . Looseness , in some cases , requires a little variation , of tbe treatment . The following is that which has usually succeeded when tbe powder ordered has failed : —on taking a few doses or the looseness powder , and the looseness still continuing , take a g riping powder according to the . directions , and after that take the astringent powder as directed . 3 . —This Looseness Powder is only proper when there is trifling pain of the bowels .
4 . —For spasms of the stomach and bowels , griping , vomiting , and purging , with coldness of the body . Give a griping and spasm powder , ( and if vomited , repeat it immediately until it stops in the stomach , ) and apply a mustard , or mustard and bran poultice to the stomach and bowels , according to the severity of the symptoms , using much or little mustard ; apply hot bricks to tbe feet , and hot flannels to the legs , then give copious draughts of lean mutton , or beef tea , and cold water if thirsty , to be drunk as freely as agreeable . 5 . —If there is no passage through the bowels in two hours , be careful to secure an easy passage by giving magnesia or castor oil . * Until the bile which this medicine is given to excite the flow of , is out of the bowels , griping and uneasiness will remain , —castor oil expels it , —magnesia neutralises and expels it .
6 . —When the severe symptoms subside , if there is much weakness , put a teaspoonful of good spirit in a little of the beef or mutton tea , and give it every half hour . . 7 . —If tbare is any soreness of the bowels , rub them with the liniment made of equal parts of turpentine , hartshorn , and opodeldoc , and then apply a warm bran poultice ; and if there is much soreness ofthe bowels , apply a few leeches and then a bran poultice . Able . —Always take care to purge the griping powders off , to get the calomel out of the bowels , which will only be necessary if no easy passage takes place in two or three hours . 8 . —For indigestion , loss of appetite , loathing of food , rumbling ofthe bowels , and disorder ofthe twice
head , give an indigestion powder once or -a day in a little cold water . Should sickness or griping arise after taking this indigestion powder take a little magnesia . 9 . —The calomel and colchicum , or colchicum and tormentil , to be given to check tho incessant vomiting when everything is rejected ; taking care to apply a mustard poultice to tbe stomach and bowels , afterwards , if necessary , working off the calomel with a dose of magnesia or castor oil . The Astringent Powder is to be taken in a little cold - water every three or four hours , if a looseness continues after taking the looseness or looseness and griping powders , u there is no soreness of the bowels . 10 . —Bo careful on recovery to take straightening medicine for a while .
For information on other important points we must refer the reader to the pamphlet itself , which certainly demands the most serious consideration of the public in general , and the Faculty in particular . Mr . Bell's mode of warfare against Cholera may be not according to medical orthodoxy , but , it at any rate appears to have been efficacious in hundredsperhaps , thousands—of cases , Of that there appears to be good evidence , and " Facts are chields that winna ding , An * canna be refuted . "
The Operatives' Free Press. Conducted By...
The Operatives' Free Press . Conducted by Working Men . Cambridge : J . Nichols , Fiteroy-square . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s-head Passage . We expressed our approval of Nbs . I . and II . of this periodical ; No . DLL is still more worthy of our commendation . Both the matter , and the manner of the writers , would do credit to any publication . The first article is devoted to an exposure of the humbug of "Our Glorious Constitution , " and a well reasoned
defence of Manhood Suffrage . The continuation of an essay on " The Labour Question /' contains some striking contrasts of monarchial extravagence and proletarian misery . . The other articles are well worthy perusal . The following , thoug h" not the best-written specimen , we extract because its brevit y enables us to give the letter entire ; the reflections of the writer possess a significance which "Parliamentary Reformers" would do well to ponder on .
SOCIAL RETORM . To the Conductors of ihe " 0 . F . P . " The discussion of political topics forms tbe stockin-trade of many political writers and controversialists , who leave out of their calculation the measures necessary to benefit the masses . You may advocate universal suffrage as a remedy—but unless * you impress on the people their duties to themselves , and on representatives th eir duty to the people , we shall ever be in the same uosition . There are few in Parliament who advocate the principle of universal suffrage , who will protect labour by legislative enactments . If I am rightly informed , the President of the Financial and Parliamentary Association is . opposed to all interference between capital and labour . I need not say that Cobden , Bright , Hume , and
others are of the same , class . " . What will it benefit mo . as a poor man , to support any of this class in preference to a man like Lord Ashley ? He is a Conservative , but votes for industrial reform—Hume , Walmsley , and other Liberals , refuse to legislate for labour . Which is the most useful to the working classes ? I know they opposed the Factory Bill , the Bakers' Bill , the Silkweavers' Bill , tho Stockingers ' BUI ; all of which wore for the reform of abuses as grievous as any that exist . The bakers may toil day and night , through Sunday and week-day , from week to week , and year to yrer—the suk-weaverinayhave his wages reduced under any pretence—the stockingers may be robbed weekly , in various ways- « -and tbe miners perish in the mines by scores—hut no redress can be . obtained from a Liberal Parliament ; and yet we are called upon to honour , and shout , and
The Operatives' Free Press. Conducted By...
spend our earnings to keep it in power , to further oppress the weak , and give additionaPaitrength to th » strong . Blindness to the errors of this class is an evil ; We want social reform , and men who will honestly profess their views on sociel questions ; men who will be bold enough to declare that tbe rights , privileges , and property ofthe working classes shall be protected against capital and capitalists . The leaders , too , among the working classes , seem blind to these important matters . 1 think more discussion should take place on industrial questions , in order to fit tbe working man for higher purposes , and to insure proper advocates for the people . London . An Industrial Reformer .
Sunshine And Shadow ; A Tali Op The Nine...
SUNSHINE AND SHADOW ; A TALI OP THE NINETEENTH CENTURY . BY THOMAS MAST 1 S WHKBLIB Late Secretary to the National Charter Association and National Land Company . Cniras XXXI . I shall not straggle more 2 Sor longer strive for food , I ' ve lost all vital power . And energy of blood . I sink apace , and feel The stillness ofthe grave , — To whom can I appeal , Or what is left to save ? Still I want bread , and bread I crave , Or scraps or dusty crumbs , Until my senses rave , Or madness numbs .
Oh Heaven ! and thou art kind , To grant a soft release By waste of flesh and mind , — By gradual decrease !—Not torn away in pride , Nor mow'd in fulness down , Not frenzied ' out to suicide , By intellect o ' erthrown . I sigh'd for bits of bread , Oft thrown unto the dogs : And gnaw'd my gums until they bled , At victuals mask'd for hogs ; And fancied that this earth "Was barren to mine . eye , " Where beasts cbuldfattenfromtheirbirth , And man with hunger die .
What pangs I felt when pain'd , My first desire for food , As if my stomach drain'd My arteries of blood . ' And then I raved and wept , And long'd with starving glare , Until exhausted nature slept 'Midst banquets rich and rare . Why dread the angry cloud Of thunder , tempest , rain , When there ' s an element as loud , That rages in our . brain ? When dizzy ears no more Can hear the bowling cry Of famish'd organs , in their roar For hopeless charity ?
By genius was I cursed , By passion undermined , Or was I in that cradle nursed , Which desecrates mankind ? No matter , let me glance Above , below , around , — Oh ! where , save mimic countenance , Can charity be found ? Nought left , but to desire That in another life
No more can hunger dire Promote such vital strife ! 1 have no use lor stomach , jaws , Teeth , gums , or bowels—let it be , As here I fail'd in nature ' s laws , I need them not eternally ! Still I want bread , and bread I crave , Or scraps or dusty crumbs , Until my senses rave , Or madness numbs . ' Sick bed , Manchester , 8 th July , 1846
Return we to the house of desolation and mourning ; during the time of Mary ' s illness , Arthur was too much absorbed with grief to attend to any domestic cares ; he had fallen into a state of torpid apathy , more fearful to contemplate than his previous moroseness . By tbe doctor's agency a nurse had been provided , and all arrangements completed for the child ' s funeral , and it was not until the corpse was about , being borne from the house that he showed any signs of being conscious of the loss that had befallen him ; then Nature awoke within him , and he exclaimed , "My beauteous boy I thou too dead , " and sunk senseless on the coffin-with difficulty the bearers conveyed him to his room . Tho pauper funeral then proceeded , and the body of the
prized and petted infant—the child of manyhopeswas laid in its mother earth without a single mourner to weep over its early fate ; no father ' s tear to water its lowly grave—no mother's sob to waft her prayer to Heaven and beg a welcome for her babe—yet does he sleep as soundly in the pleasant Churchyard of Brompton , and the grass grows as green over his quiet grave as though he was buried in all the panoply of grief , with the dark plumed hearse , and the hired mourners following in its wake , making still more bitter by its solemn splendor the genuine grief of those whose hearts really wept his fate . Oh ! the mockery of human ceremonies , the hired ostentatious action of grief ! Cantheyrecallthedead to life ? can they assuaee a single pang of those whose
hearts bleed in secret ? Yet do they so cling to humanity that the poor victims to their delusions will spend their last shilling—endanger their credit , ay and rob tbe survivors of their daily breadrather than the bitter mockery should be withheld , and their pride gratified at the expense of their real comforts ; but such thoughts found no echo in the bosoms of Arthur or Mary Morton ; she , the disconsolate mother , grieved in silence as onl y a mother can grieve , that she was denied the privilege of seeing the last duties performed to herlott child , and her sick bed was indeed a bed of weariness ; and Arthur—he who should have been to her a shield and a consolationin this , their day of mutual tribulationbe was a frantic madman , raving continually of past
joys , embittering the sorrow ot the present nour , by insane reminiscences of by-gohc hopes . Slowly did his mind recover its former tone—the unceasing attentions of his sick wife alone prevented his falling a victim to insanity , and to what a world of misery did he awaken . With the recovery of Mary , the benevolence of the doctor towards them ceased , and hunger once again stared them in the face , yea , took actual possession of their bodies . Mary ' s illness caused her to lose her employment , and deprived of her scanty earnings , charity was their only resource . Reader , hast thou ever known the pangs of hunger ? hast thou ever heard thy infant cry for food , and turned away thy face in hopeless agony ? Being in all probability one of Arthur ' s class in life , thou bast doubtlessly experienced want and
privation , or thou hast been more fortunate than the majority of thy brethren . But if thou hast not , in tho literal sense of tbe word , felt tbe pangs of hunger , thou hast but little conception of the despair that raged in Arthur ' s heart—his faculties were strung into a state of frantic excitement—bread must bo had if he perished in obtaining it—be rushed from the scene of . hopeless desolation that his home presented , through courts and alloys , wretched and filthy , where the =. sun never shone in its splendour to cheer tho misery that dwelt there ; he wended his way until ha gained the open thoroughfare , when be paused not knowintr where to bend his steps . It was a cold evening in the month of December , the rain came drizzling down , and the
north east wind swept in triumph through the almost empty street . Tbe rich and the respectable were safely housed in their ^ nug domiciles—misery and want were alone abroSl ~ several | wretcbes , poor as himself , hurried by him , striving by an increased pace to warm the blood that want caused to stagnate in their frames—it was a < time when misery seemed to be alone in the streets—taking counsel with despair how to avenge the wrongs that society committed Upon it . Artfiur heeded not tho biting blast , nor the strange companions that flitted by him—ragebad warmed the blood that despair had so long chilled—he felt that he was treated as one of the offal of humankind , and he longed to avenge himself on those who scorned him ; onward he passed
until he came unto the usually crowded thoroughfare of Pall Mall . A gentleman was gaily conversing with a courtezan ; Arthur implored him for charity , and was answered with a jeer ; his blood boiled within him ; he rushed on ^ him as a wild beast on his prey , hurled him to the ground , and ere the astonished woman could give an alarm ho was gazing , with almost childish glee , upon a glittering heap of gold and silver that be had wrenched from the grasp of the man he had assailed ; with the instinctive cunning of crime , he evaded pursuit and reached his own abode in safety ; he paused at the door ; he could not face his own loved Mary and his innocent child without some plausible excuse for being possessed of such , in reality , untold wealth ; he felt it would be degrading them to his own level to make them conscious of his crime- * reflection bad
supplied the place of rago—and though he neither regretted the act he had committed , nor dreaded its consequences , still he felt that he had sinned against society , he could no longer look down with scorn upon the depravity of his fellows ; he" had been sinned against , but he had returned evd for evil . While these thoughts were busy in his mmd , his eye g lanced uneasily around , fell upon one of those haunts of vice ? g littering ia splendour denominated Gin Palaces ; he speedily soug ht refuge from his ' conscience in this sanctuary , and drowning remembrance with repeated draughts of brandy , ( a luxury long untasted ) staggered home in a state of moody intoxication . Our hero had now realized the fact of crime and drunkenness—subjects which his imagination had often dwelt uneasily upon , but of whose dead sea fronts he had never hitherto
Sunshine And Shadow ; A Tali Op The Nine...
partaken ; he had now made a fresh experience—he had become a link in that great chain of outcast humanity which Is continually clanking in our ears , and enfolding victim after victim in its iron bands . Crime under our present social arrangement seems m some shape or other to be the inevitable inheritance ofthe whole family ; the rank of open criminals belongs to no distinct class of society , its recruits are mustered from every grade of mankind . Rich and poor , young and old , are alike its votaries , no distinction of sex is known ; beauty and intellect fait beneath its sway equally with . deformity and ignorance ; still it is true that the majority come from that class who have to endure the most privations , and enjoy tbe fewest pleasures ; nor can
this be wondered at ; it would be strange and more appalling were it otherwise ; it would argue that man was naturally depraved , that vile cant of the religonists , whereas we can now trace the evil to its true source—theunequal distribution of wealththe opulence of the rich acting as a powerful temptation to the poverty ofthe poor— -it is an effort of nature to restore a due balance amongst the varied members of her giant body ; and though these eruptions and excrescences aro loathsome and unsightly , and the safety of society demands their removal , yet are they analogous to the blotches thrown - outward by the human frame in its efforts to ' restore the body to a state of health and vigour . This doctrine may be unfashionable , may irritate the prejudices of many ; but we believe it to be true ; it does not advocate the cause of crime ; it
merely points out the source from whence it flows ; it recognises tb e man even in the criminal , and points the finger of hopo to the future ; it is from this feeling of sympathy with the man , but detestation of the crime that springs that morbid curiosity for criminal literature and for the possession of relics of great offenders , we feel an interest in their fate . We long to know the steps by which they became lost to society , what temptations , what passions and necessities , have driven them to their fate , and we thrill with sympathy if the magnitude or nature of the temptation , touch a similar chord in our own bosoms ; for how many , who now maintain a fair character , must , if they dare penetrate into the recesses of their hearts , admit that it has been more owing to a concurrence of happy circumstances , than to moral , fortitude or rectitude of principle ? { Tob » continued . )
News And Reading Rooms In Connexion With...
NEWS AND READING ROOMS IN CONNEXION WITH THE PRINT WORKS OF MESSRS . THOMAS HOYLE AND SONS , MAYFIELD . ( Prom the Manchester Spectator . ) Long will it be remembered and fondly recorded upon the tablets of many hearts of tho workpeople of Mayfield , that ok the ISth of October , 18 i 9 , for the especial use , advantage , and amusement of the employed , were opened the news and reading rooms , furnished with a well-chosen assortment of newspapers , and miscellaneous useful and instructive periodicals . At a great expense to the firm , part of a very spacious dwelling-house , lately occupied by one of the partners , has been , by their particular wish , converted into two beautifully decorated and commodious rooms , replenished with magnificent mans .
and all that is desired to make it convenient , attractive , and comfortable . To attend to these rooms , a person has been appointed by the bands themselves , who is to furnish them at cost , price with hot coffee before six in the morning , or during the day ; and he has permission also to sell gingerbeer , tobacco , and cigars . The smaller , or smoking room , besides being used for that purpose , is also intended for various kinds of amusements , so that such of the hands as are votaries of the scientific game of draughts , or the more ancient game of chess , have now an opportunity of innocently amusing themselves until tbe retiring hour of ten o ' clock . The larger room , which is an exceedingly spacious one , is exclusively appropriated to readme .
except for one night per week , when it is specially opened for singing , and rational amusements . It is conveniently furnished with a number of rather costly yew-tree arm chairs , and a number of forms and tables , whereon are spread to the eager gaze of the numerous readers , newspapers and periodicals , adapted to almost every variety of taste and opinion . The following is something like a list : —the Guardian , and Examiner , and Times , on Wednesdays and Saturdays ; the Spectator and Courier , on Saturdays ; and one impression each of the Illustrated London News , Dispatch , Douglas Jerrold ' s Newspaper , Bell ' s Life in London , Sunday Times , Lloyd's London Newspaper , Glasgow Herald , Dublin Freeman ' s Journal , Liverpool Mercury , Derby
Chronicle ; tho Times , daily ; Punch , and two Northern Stars . Of the periodicals , two copies of Chambers ' Journal , two People ' s and Howitt ' s Journal , two Eliza Cook ' s Journal , two London Journal , two Barker ' s People , two Family Heralds , tno Temperance Reporters , and one each of Hogg ' s Weekly Instructor , Sharp's London Magazine , Domestic Journal , Plain Speaker , Reynolds ' s Miscellany , Potter's Examiner , Family Economist , Democratic Review , & c . On the superbly decorated walls of this room are hung two valuable leviathan maps , one ofthe world , on Mercator's projection . The opening , of this establishment is certainly a boon to , the working man , and presents opportunities for improvement which ought to be seized with
avidity . The people employed at these works can now make themselves acquainted with the events passing in the world . Every man may now bo qualified to understand them ; but the moro he knows , the less hasty , the less violent , and the more correct will be his judgment and opinions . Miscellanies may prepare the way for the reception of stronger mental diet , There aro persons who can spare half an hour for the reading of a newspaper , who are sometimes disinclined to open a book . Useful and entertaining periodicals may be taken up and laid down , without requiring any considerable effort , and tend to attract the mind to higher and more important subjects , and eventually lead to a closer intimacy with , and appreciation of , books
of deeper interest . An ancient sage and Roman orator strongly admonishes youth to acquire knowledge , as a solace in age and adversity . " The study of literature , " says lie , " nourishes youth , entertains old age , adorns prosperity , solaces adversity , is delightful at home , and unobtrusive abroad . " Having long enjoyed the advantages of the " half-day holiday , " now that an afternoon ' s ramble across the green fields becomes less and less inviting , what so welcome a privilege to the " tired labourer " as here offered him to increase his present store of knowledge ? After the toils of the day are ended here , in a comfortable arm-chair , he may take up a paper to suit his peculiar taste , throw himself into oblivious ease , rest his tired limbs for a while , and then say , with tbe laureate-poet Rowe
— " Begone , my cares ; I give you to the winds . " —[ The true liberality of the Messrs . Hoyle cannot he too highly praised . Wo trust that the workmen will one arid all give their leisure time to the reading room , to the total abandonment of the public house . We presume the news-room is open only to the "hands" attached to Messrs . Hoyle ' s . print works ; but surely other employers will , ere long , follow so noble an example . It would be well if the working men generally would apply to their , employers to imitate the Messrs . Hoyle . Why hot ? Let this suggestion be considered in eycry workshop and factory , and , if approved of , he acted upon forthwith . Let us have a politically-informed people ; political and social reform will be sure to follow . Again we express our thanks to the Messrs . Hoyle .-Ed . ff . &)
The :'New Mormon City. ^ Tho Mormons Hav...
THE ' NEW MORMON CITY . ^ Tho Mormons have built a new city on the banks of the Great Salt Lake in California , and a letter dated July 17 th , published in the New York Herald , gives the following description of it : — We are now , says the writer , in tho Mormon city , located in a fine valley , 150 miles long , by twenty or thirty miles broad , with a gradual descent to the lake , so much so that the whole may be , and much is , watered by the streams and rivers which issue from the high mountains above them . They have now about 6 , 000 inhabitants . The city is laid out in large squares ; and every man can and must have H acres of land for garden use , which can bo readily irrigated . Their trardens are lookhnr finelv .
and give us a full suppl y of fresh vegetables , which , with fresh butter , & o ., is very acceptable , after a tour of two months and a half on bread and bacon fare . The Mormons are a very regular , well informed , well disposed people . They are very kind to us , and are doing all in their power to make . us comfortable—repairing our waggons , & c . They are building a fine state-house , or council-house as they term it : — -Their dwellings are small , mostly made of sun-dried brick , with some few log huts . In the course of a ride to-day , I took a most delightful bath in a pool of warm mineral water near the city plot . The pool is from thirty to forty feet in diameter , and gives a large and fresh supply of water
. I attended church on Sunday . The meeting was one for public business as well as religions services . The names of the emigrants who had arrived during the past week were read over ; notices of cattle lost and found , with their respective marks , and the particulars for their recovery , were attended to ; the programme of the anniversary celebration of their Society ' s arrival ' . 'two -years ago was proclaimed ; it will take place soon , and will be a great gala day . The sot toasts for the occasion were also read—some of them being very caustic , and others causing great laughter , such as " The downfall of the U . S . government . " " Three groans for Martin Van Buren , " for not aiding them when President , 4 c . It seemed to be a regular business meeting , with strong allusions to " matters of godliness , ' and the Mormon faith in particular ,
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Families Op Lttaiusr Me.V.—A Quarterly R...
Families op LtTaiusr Me . v . —A quarterly rcviewer in discussing an objection to the Copyright BUI of Mr Sergeant Talfourd , which was taken by wr ' Ji-dward Sugden , gives soma curious particulars of the progeny of literary men :- " We are not , " says the writer , " going to speculate about the fact , but a fact it is , that men distinguished for extmoromMy intellectual power of any sort , rarely leave more tha n a very brief progeny behind them . Men of genius have scarcely ever done so ; men of imaginative genius , we might say , almost never . With the one exception of the noble Surrey , we cannot , at this moment , point out a representative in the male line , even so far down as the third < r 0
neration ot the English poet ; and we believe the case is the same m France . The . blood of beings of that order can seldom be traced far down , even in the female line . With the exception of Surrey and Spenser , we are not aware of any English author , of at all remote date , from whose body any Hying person claims to be descended . There is no real English-poet prior to the middle ofthe eighteenth century ; and we believe , no great author of any sort , except Clarendon and . Shaftesbury , of Whose blood we have any inheritance amonst US . Chaucer ' s only son died childless ; Shakspeare ' s line expired in his daughter ' s only daughter . None of the other dramatists of that age left any progeny ; nor Raleigh , nor Bacon , nor Cowley , nor Butler . The
grand-daugnter oi Milton was the last of his blood . Newton , Locke , Pope , Swift , Arbuthnot , Gibbon , Hume , Cowper , Gray , Walpole , Cavendish , ( and we might greatly extend the list , ) never married . Neither Bolingbroke , nor Addison , nor Warburton , norJJohnson , nor Burke , transmitted their blood . A tun , aged thirty , blind from his birth , was recently restored to sight by an operation performed at the Liverpool Eye Infirmary . Portraits in oil , of any size , are now taken by a photographic process , in a sitting of half a minute . The process is called Photo-Prosopon . Thb French government has recently ordered that , in future , the white paint used in public buildings shall be made of tho white of zinc , which is not injurious to health , instead of white lead . . A CORRESFONnENir says , «« Having seen in youv paper that Lila Monies was the daughter of a Cork lady , I beg to ask whether that does not fullv
aecount for her light character ?" . . It is some hardship to be born into the world and find all nature ' s gifts previously engrossed , and no place left for the new comer . —John Mil . The best cure for low spirits is business . One half of the melancholy that you run against is caused by indolence and feather beds . The best fun in the world is activity . Sir Fowbli , Buxton ;— " The longer I live the more I am certain that the great difference between men , between the feeble and the powerful , the great and the insignificant , is energy—invincible determination—a purpose once fixed ,, and then death or victory . That quality will do anything that can ha done in this world ; and no talents , no circumstances , no opportunities , will make a two-legged creature a man without it . " It is proposed to charter a vessel to sail round the world . The excursionists to be absent one year , and to pay fifty guineas for their passage .
Russian Nivr . —The sailors are semi-soldiers : for during the greater part of the year they are ' shore , and are quartered , drilled , and employed as military . The Russian sailor derides our naval costume , and considers the dress of our Jack tars to be slovenly and vmuniform . Some Swedish ships of war are at present at Cronstadt , and the dress of the officers is similar to ours , and I hear many a sarcastic remark on their appearance . Imagine a Russian sailor in a tightly fitting and padded coatee , with an upright collar , straps on their pantaloon , and an Albert hat without its brim . Our Jack would , I rather think , have the laugh on his side , either in a race to the main truck , or in boarding a vessel with this Muscovy tar .
AN IRISIUUN received a challenge to fight a duel , but declined . On being asked the reason , " Och , " said Pat , " would you bare me lave his mother an orphan ?" The Creation op Womak . —A poet in tho Keen Republican , celebrating the works of Dame Nature , has an idea which comes very near being oriyinal , if it be not quite so : — She next made woman—so the story goes—With an improved material and art ; Gave her a form , the choicest one of those That make aught beautiful / and to her heart A power to soften man—and forced the rose Its blushing tint to her soft cheek impart-Then chopp'd the rainbowup , and with the chips She went to work , and finished off her lips !
"A miss is as good as a mile , " said a young lady . "Much better sometimes , " observed the gentleman she was conversing with . The Great change . —The spell . is broken which bound men to reverence what is ancient and established , whether it merited their reverence or not . The spirit of the age has changed , and nothing remains the same but the institutions and outward form of society , which vainly expect permanence while all are shifting around them . A warfare has already begun between the past and the present , and every country contains within itself a party hostile to its establishments , whose number gain fresh accessions , and their opinions new weight , with every succeeding year . The revolution which
has at present taken place in opinion will inevitably , though perhaps slowly , produce correspondent alterations in the condition of society ; and when the minds of men are sufficiently prepared , a new social arrangement will take place , and fill the world with new institutions , a ? different from those which now prevail in the kingdoms of modern Europe , as the institutions of the latter differ from those of tbe ancient republics of Greece and Rome . ... As tbe ancient form of government was founded on the general notion of a community , and the Gothic upon the privileges annexed to different ranks , so a new and universal form of Civil institutions is arising , —founded , not upon the circumstances of any particular period of society , but upon the common nature of man , and the general end of government . — Douglas of Cavers ,
A Modest Emion . —Great men must always be talked about , abused , lied about , vilified , praised , hatred , slandered , and puffed . So are we!— Weekly Herald [ New Yo-. k . ) Cold Cream was invented by Galen , 2 , 000 years ago . To prepare it take half an ounce of white wax , half an ounce of spermacity , and three ounces of almond oil ; put those into a basin , which place into hot water till melted ; then gradually add three ounces of either rose water , elder water , or orange flower water , stirring all the while with a fork or small whisk . Any perfume may be also put in ; btit , medicinally , it is better without . When cold , it is fit for use .
The Promised Land . —The great soul of the world is just . Towards an eternal centre of right and nobleness , and of that only , is all this confusion tending Fight on , brave heart , and falter not , through bright fortune and through dark . The cause thou lightest for , so far as it is true , is sure of victory ... Though wide seas and roaring euiphslie before us , is it not something if a load-star in the eternal sky do once disclose itself ; an everlasting light , shining through all cloud-tempests and roaring billows , ever as we emerge from tbe trough of the sea—the blessed beacon towards which we steer incessently for life ? There lies the heroic Promised Land ; under that Heaven's light bloom the Happy Isle . —Thomas Carlyle . Whrn tou have lost money in tho streets , every one is ready to help you to look for it ; but when you have lost your character , every one leaves you to recover it as you can . . ¦
Blue Sky . —It is a proverb , not destitute of truth , that" If during a rainy morning there is seen a piece of blue sky large enough to make a Dutchman ' s breeches , the afternoon will probably bo fine . " The Question op Questions . —The condition of the working classes is the great enigma of tho age . It is the problem that must be solved at all events . It is possible to devise any scheme that shall regulate the relations of " the haves" and " tbe haves not , " other than that- which leaves tho instincts of commerce and tho impulses of human nature—such
as they have been from the year 1 to a . d . 1348—to their usual developement and moral action . A Classical Colont . — An English colony is about to be established in Greece . An immense estate having been purchased for the purpose , the establishment will be under very high auspices ; the prospects of the land are corn , cotton , and the finest tobacco . It is supposed that the land will be sold on an average , varying from five to ten shillings per acre . Capitalists—clergy and gentry—have taken up this scheme very eagerly from classic
associations . Lmgh Hunt's autobiography is now in the press and will be published before Christmas . Tjik iadiks of Glasgow have presented more than 1 , 000 volumes to the library ofthe Athenaeum in that city . A man who was reprimanded by a divine for swearing , replied that he did not see any harm in it . "No harm in it ! " said the minister ; " why , do you not know the commandment , 'Swear not at all ?'" " I do not swear at all , " said the man , " I only swear at . those who annoy mo . "
A celebrated wit made one of his happiest jokes when he heard that Bishop , who had been sent to Portsmouth , preparatory to transportation for life , had escaped . " 'Gad , sir , " said he , " he must have been an aven-ft ' sftop to do that ; and yet his dislike to the sea is quite unaccountable . " Happy Enqlakd !—From a parliamentary return , just published , it appsars that the total number of paupers relieved in England and Wales on tho 1 st of July , 1849 , was , in workhouses , 97 , 128 ; out of doors , 763 , 266 . A Hbxham barber was bragging that ho could shave anything—even "the face of Nature . ' " Faith , " said an Irish reaper , who chanood to bo in the shop , " what of that ? I sheve the face ' of Nature oft enough , I do : —with a hook ' . "
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HELMET COURT , 337 J , STRAND , LONDON , ( Late of Duke-street , Lincoln ' s Inn . ) SPLENDID BROADSHEETS AT ONE PENNY
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 10, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_10111849/page/3/
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