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THJ THE FREScn RE^GEES IN EKGLAKD.
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« n Tjean-sfreer, Soho-square, London, A...
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AMERICAN ANTICIPATIONS OF ENGLISH REVOLU...
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-I^^ J^ jg^ d^ " }
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AND NATIONAL TRADES'JOURNAL.
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- , ; WLm P.701. LOHDON,SATURDAY, APRIL ...
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BASQUET TO HER MAJESTYS MINISTERS. On We...
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¦ JJatiosu. Rbfobu League.—At a meeting ...
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Imperial parliament
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MONDAY, Aran. 7. HOUSE OF LORDS.—The Mut...
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Extensive Robbert in tub Ordnance Office...
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t* i 1 V.
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f> 0]^U^W^* K. WftpP! N veprcsentatft«f^...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Thj The Frescn Re^Gees In Ekglakd.
THJ THE FREScn RE ^ GEES IN EKGLAKD .
« N Tjean-Sfreer, Soho-Square, London, A...
« n Tjean-sfreer , Soho-square , London , April 1 . wp ttp the undersigned French Republicans , re-. J £ ^ ZZ resident in London , lay before the English ^ ffiffe lie following declaration :-^ hr The expulsion of the Bepnblican exiles f rom 5 R « tts « tzeriand on the threats of Russia , Austria , and rpnjsspnisaa is now sought to be accomplished , as re-B prdsjards England , by trickery on , the part of these Ba Bat Eng land , "who bad no idea of sncb a procceedipeeding , would be in this case ruled by the foreign ipowfpower & . . ... , ,., . '
Th There is a coincidence , however , which is -very irenwrenwiable . At the moment when the- govem imenlments of Europe demand of the British . Cabinet 1 that that we shall be . put out of the pale of humanity 1 the i the mercenary journals of the counter-revolution in Irai franco redouble their accustomed violence against us ; us ; and two individuals ( for diplomacy has not but , offic official agents ) unite to accuse us of the basest and mo ; most detestable designs . V Who arc these two individuals ! One of them is all Frenchman , who is not a political refugee , althothouEu he has assumed that title , and whose con coming to this country has not to our knowledge bet been sa tisfactorily accounted for . This individual .
aft after having made before a police magistrate vai various allegations of a most odious character as aeainst ns , has since , in an official . examination ma made by order of the superior authorities , been obi obliged to deny their truth , which denial has been du duly recorded in a former report addressed to the go government . The other is a native of this country , who has foi forfeited the confidence of the political party whose ca cause he pretends to espouse , and who seeks to rect cover bis lost popularity by exciting among the m masses old and nearly forgotten international is hatreds . The antecedents of this individual were , h ( however , so well known to us that not one among fli S 3 would enter into any communication with him , n notwithstanding all the advances he has made to tl that effect , which is no doubt our inexpiable crime ii in his eyes ; but the English public will bare no
diffici culty in divining that , without our being either a assassins or incendiaries , we may be folly justified ii in regarding with distrust such a false democrat as 1 Mr- Feargns O'Connor . We , therefore , declare in the most solemn m ' ani ner that whosoever attributes to ns , the French 1 Republicans , refugees now residing in London , dee signs such as those individuals have attributed to i ns , or in any manner similar to them , is a vile i slanderer . We make this solemn declaration , not because 1 we dread to be driven from the refuge we have ' . found in this country , for the revolution which has : bad power in France may resume that power , and : in so doing exact , perhaps , too large a satisfaction for the wrong of which we should be the victimsan idea which never entered into our minds .
We make this declaration voluntarily , we make it freely , we make it without afterthought ; without any fear of menaces ; we make it in the name of the eternal principles of brotherhood and concord among nations and peoples—principles for which we new suffer the pains of exile . We may be calumniated , but the world will never believe that men the very first act of whose advent to power was the destruction of the scaffold , —men who accomplished a great revolution without shedding a single drop of blood , without committing an
act of violence , without imprisonment , and without confiscation—fte world will never believe that we are assassins or incendiaries . J . P . Berjeau , F . Bertrand , V- Chutelet , C . Delescluze , Dibon , Dupont , Tremond , 2 ) . Perxoo , Theodore Karcber , Langeron , Ledru ItoUin , Lionne , Labat , Darcannitz , Lumard , J . Madan , E . Febvre , E . H . de Montjau , je , Gustave Saquet , F . Pardigot , Petit-jean , 6 . Philippe , Roussier , RibeyroUa , A . Ricateau , Suireau , L . Villain , Goguin .
'Though Ireland is my country , the world is my Republic ' TO J . P . BEZJATJ , F . BERTRAM ) , V . CHUTELET , C . DELESCLUZE . DIBON , DUPOXT . TREMOND , D . PBRZOO , THEODORE KARCHER , LANGERON , LEDRU ROLL 1 N , LIOSNE , LABAT , DARCANNITZ , LUMARD , J . MADAN , E . FEBVRE , E . M . DE MONTJAU , JE ., GUSTAVE NAQUET . F . PARDIGOX , PETIT-JEAN , G . PHILIPPE , ROUSSIER , R 1 BEYROLLA , A . RIGATEAU , SUIREAU , L . VILLAIN , AND GOGUIN . Gentlemen , —In repl y to your letter , I beg to inform yon , that I made no allusion whatever to those brave men who were exiled for
contending for liberty in their own country . On the contrary , I esteem and honour every man who risks bis life , or allows his blood to be shed , to secure his country ' s liberty ; but I do not approve of men of one country trying to create a revolution in another country , for -whose people they have neither feeling nor respect As to the brave foreigners who have been compelled to seek refuge in this country , for endeavouring to secure liberty for their ownthe Poles and Hungarians , for instance—what man has attempted to render them more assistance than I have ?
Gentlemen , yon call me a native of this country , bnt I am not ; but , like yourselves , nearly all my famil y have been exiled , prematurely consigned to the cold grave , or obliged to % to some foreign land . You say : — Tie antecedents of this individual were , however , bo well known to us , that not one among ns would enter into any communication with him , notwithstanding all the advances he has made to that effect , which is no doubt war inexpiable crime in his eyes ; hut the English public will hare no difficulty in divining that , without our being eith'r assassins or incendiaries , we maj he f ony justified in regarding with distrust such afilse Democrat as Mr . Feargns O'Connor .
Ivow , gentlemen , let me ask yon candidly , what advance I ever made to that effect ? My answer is : NEVER ONE IN MY LIFE . Bnt let me tell you , in reply to your abuse , that if yon were poor and destitute here , I would sell my coat off my back to assist you . And perhaps yon are not aware that I myself am a refugee ; and perhaps you are not aware that I have suffered eig hteen months' solitary confinement for endeavouring to secure liberty for this country . Gentlemen , I do not blame you , or censure yon , for your letter , because I am aware that it was written upon a misconstrnction of my letter . The object of my letter was , to save the English people from the result that would be sure to follow that fury and folly with which foreigners may inspire them .
And , gentlemen , in conclusion , let me assure you , that I meant no insult to the brave men who have been exiled from their country , but that my letter was solely intended for the purpose of saving the lives of the English people . And , notwithstanding your abase of me , I beg to remain , Your Faithful Friend and Advocate , Feahgus O'Consob .
American Anticipations Of English Revolu...
AMERICAN ANTICIPATIONS OF ENGLISH REVOLUTION . ( From the Sao York We & y Herald . ) The great London Exposition of 1851 is , in the first place , a great London Speculation ; and it will , doubtless , pay a handsome-dividend upon all expenees . Secondly , it was tiie invention or discovery of His Royal Highness Prince Albert , who , from being a mere cipher , or gentleman in waiting upon Her Majesty , was naturally ambitious of doing something upon his own account which would make a little noise in the world . To encourage this loyal and laudable ambition of the Prince , his scheme was seiied upon with enthusiasm , and the Crystal Palace i 6 the Prince ' s feather . It is also to be understood that John Bull is a self-complacent and somewhat self-conceited personage , and that while
he invites an exhibition of the arts , inventions , and improvements of the whole world , he is none the " *» ready or confident in the exhibition of himself . The civilised nations , however , have unanimously accepted the challenge ! and among them the United States have promptly transmitted a ship load of «« Yankee notions" for this world ' s bazaar , ^ e" rather calculate" that some of these specious of American skill and ingenuity , and some of wwe products of onr manufacturing and agricultu-**! indus try will impress her Majesty ' s Commission very favourably with our national advance-* " && in the useful artt . We doubt not that in thm ^ c'procityof valuable suggestions in the article *
e « ubited , our country will contribute her tair Univalent . . , \ . The contributions to this world ' s fair earned put by the St . Lawrence are , however , the least important of the specimens of our home productions « stined for the Exhibition . There will be some"ing of the bone and sinew , " of the country " on *« fi ground-something of the materials from which Jnegseatest empire on thecarth has been cut out of the woods within the last century . But these ar « 5 ° tall - A ship will leave , probably within a few uaJs , with the most curious and interesting specimens of philosophy and socialism "which either this Of any other country has-ever produced . ' " A deputation of American Socialists , we undertake to say ,
American Anticipations Of English Revolu...
will take the front rank of the agitators and reformers who are to be concentrated in London during the summer . Such a deputation is going out , filled to the brim with all the combustibles of Red-Republicanism , Socialism , Chartism , anti-rentism , and all the ingredients of revolution and reform . And the question of the first importance is—what are the designs and what are to be the consequences of this world ' s Convention of Socialists and Chartists in the city of London at this particular crisis , and under these very favourable circumstances for a strike at the integrity of her Majesty ' s empire ?
Let us briefly consider this question . The Red Republicans and Socialists of France , beaded by Ledru Rollin and others , the disciples of the same school from Germany , the Irish Repealers , the English Chartists , and the American double-distilled philosophers and reformers will all meet in London during the ensuing spring and summer . And , while it is manifest that the English press and the British Government are" apprehensive of mischief from this gathering Of this revolutionary elements , it is not improbable that they are ignorant of the extent of the danger . The late repeated attempts and repeated failures at a change in Her Majesty ' s Ministry are doubtless attributable to the revolutionary contingencies that might follow , with the World ' s Fair , and the world ' s multitude turned loose upon London . A new Ministry would probable require the hazardous
resort to a Parliamentary election ; and the Iron Duke has had the sagacity to induce the Queen to avoid it , and to wait till the crowd disperses . But is all danger thus removed ? Are there not symptoms of the smouldering leroents of au eruption , waiting only the time and the opportunity ? Great Britain is deeply agitated with the Catholic question—there is no prospect of any material abatement of the prevailing starvation in the manufacturing district * , and starvation is always ripe for revolt . The city of London contains a population of 50 , 000 , of similar materials to the mob that stormed the Tuileries , and carried off the Royal Family to prison and to execution . It will be easy then for the conspiring social and revolutionary leaders in London to organise a descent upon Manchester , simultaneously with a riot in the metropolis to divert the attention of the military from the real point of assault .
By a confidential communication , received by the last packet , we are advised that a number of leading men in Liverpool are seriously contemplating a scheme of secession , from the whole complicated machinery of the oppressive government at London . The scheme embraces the idea of a New Republic , of which Liverpool , Lancashire , and the Principality of Wales are to constitute the nucleus . A line of steamers from Liverpool to Charleston is to be immediatel y laid down , which will giye to the former city the European control of the richest traffic on the globe . Wales is proverbial for its minerals . There are certainly wealth and resources enough within the lines prescribed , for an independent government . The important consideration is the temper of the people . Wales is largely
populated by Dissenters from the Established Church , and Liverpool contains a numerous population of Catholics . How far the question of religious free * dom , and exemption from church taxes might amalgamate these materials , the occasion may one day determine . At all events , they are among the materials of discontent under the existing state of things ; and whether England is menaced with danger from this particular republican project or not , she is ripe , and full of the seeds of discord , rebellion , and revolution . Once -lighted , the blaze of insurrection would soon absorb the manufacturing districts , and the city of Liverpool . Nor is it to be presumed , that the horrible sufferings of the people of Ireland would be any encouragement to their loyalty in such a crisis . They would probably rise at the
slightest sign of co-operation from a similar movement in England . It is evident that , sooner or later , there must be a revolutionary bmdevcrsement throughout Europe . The crowded and suffocating density of the manufacturing population—the continuous state of famine prevailing in Ireland—the suffrage question—the revival of the old religious feuds , those precursors of previous civil wars—will not justify any extreme confidence that England , w hen it comes , will be exempted from the general revulsion . On the other band , the apprehensions of the British government of danger from the World ' s Fair seem to be better founded . The Queen may congratulate her loyal subjects on the happy circumstance , if , when the pageant of the . great London exposition shall have vanished , there shall remain no revolutionary reminiscences behind .
-I^^ J^ Jg^ D^ " }
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And National Trades'journal.
AND NATIONAL TRADES ' JOURNAL .
- , ; Wlm P.701. Lohdon,Saturday, April ...
- , ; WLm P . 701 . LOHDON , SATURDAY , APRIL 12 , 1851 . , „ . JjagS ^ W * .
Basquet To Her Majestys Ministers. On We...
BASQUET TO HER MAJESTYS MINISTERS . On Wednesday night the Lord Mayor received her Majesty ' s Ministers , and a number of ladies and gentlemen were invited to meet them , at dinner at the Mansion-house , when the usual loyal toasts were given . The toast of her Majesty ' s Ministers having been proposed , Lord John Russell said—I might content myself with having returned thanks for the honour you have done us , were it not that this day recalls to my mind the condition in which we were placed three years ago . We can all recollect , on the evening previous to' that 10 th of April , what were the doubts , the misgivings , the fears that there might be some violation of the public
peacefears , even that there might be loss , of life on the ensuing day . But , my Lord Mayor and gentlemen , on the evening of the ensuing day we found ourselves perfectly safe ; and safe , not I will venture to say , on accouct of the armed force that was in this metropolis—although the armed force , the small armed force that was in London would , no doubt , have done its duty if there had been occasion for it —bnt because the people themselves rose —( cheers ) —they rose , not to cause , but to prevent riot and disturbance ; they rose to maintain , and not to subvert the institutions of the country . ( Loud cheers . ) I trust that on any similar occasion the same spirit will be evinced ; and that , knowing , the benefits we enjoy under this free government , we shall be
ready to defend > those benefits , and to transmit the institutions we prize to our posterity . We are about to hare in this country large numbers of foreigners assembled to see what I trust may prove one of the most interesting sights that the world ever beheld . It has been rumoured , and your respected Recorder has mentioned that rumour else wUre , that advantage would be taken by some of those who will come to visit this country to disturb our internal peace ; but I feel confident that that peace will be preserved , not only by the strong arm of law and justice , but because I feel that any who , on such an occasion , being our guests in this city , should attempt to disturb that peace , would be condemned by the universal voice of mankind as guilty of the
basest violation of the sacrea laws of hospitality . — ( Great cheering . ) Ou the toast of the Foreign Min i ers being given , the American minister , the only one present , speaking of the Exhibition , said I have taken a deep interest in its success- ^ ( hear , bearl-and I have not a doubt that peace , and quiet , and goodwill will reign in your borders for six mentis to come- ( cheers ) -ani that when the great number of foreigners that shall have com * here shall have gone home , they will carry none other than the kindliest feelings with them . ( Renewed cheers . ) The toast of the House ol Commons and Lord Palmerston having been proposed , the secretary for foreign afiairs complimented the civil lord and the merchant princes ,
and said , it is the dispensation of Providence that mankind should be divided into rich and poorthat the rich should be comparatively few , and that the poor should be comparatively many ; but , though no human legislation can alter that arrangement , it is in the power of our lawgiv ers so to legislate that the poor shall be protected from oppression by the rich , and that the rich shall be defended against violence from the poor . ( Cheers . ) That duty the Parliament of England has amply and successfully performed , and hence it is that , while we have seen all the nations in Europe convulsed with disorder—while we Lave
teen indnitry suspended , commerce paralysed , institutions civil and political overthrown—while we have teen fields that ought to be trod only by the peaceful husbandman beat down by the trampling of the iron heel of armed legions—while we have ge * n them bathed with the blood of kindred though conflicting armies—the people of this country have exhibited an example of tranquillity , of order and obedience to the Iaws , which so long as the history of these times shall endure , will command tho admiration of mankind . —( Cheers . )—Several other toasts were proposed , after which the company brokvup . _
¦ Jjatiosu. Rbfobu League.—At A Meeting ...
¦ JJatiosu . Rbfobu League . —At a meeting of the council , on Monday last , it was unanimously resolved — " That the thanks of the ineetmgbe given to Messrs . Hanniball ; . nd _ Graham , of the Chartist Convention , and their colleagues , for the support thev rave in voting for the principle of true down u the sixth propositi of the League .
Imperial Parliament
Imperial parliament
Monday, Aran. 7. House Of Lords.—The Mut...
MONDAY , Aran . 7 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Mutiny Bill and the Marine Mutiny Bill were respectively read a second time , on the motion of the Duke of Wellington . Lord Brougham presented a petition from the ward of Farringdon-Without , praying that the Corporation of the city of London might be reformed . Some other business was also despatched , and tbeir lordships adjourned . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —A new writ was or-, dered to issue for the Leith Boroughs , in the room of Mr . Rutherford , who had been appointed a Judge of Session .
The Serjeant-at-Arms having reported the oursc he had pursued in taking into custody a witness examined before the committee upon the St . Albans Election , who had been considered guilty of prevarication , a conversation ensued turning upon the question of privilege , and after various st-itements from Mr . Ellice , the Chairman of the Committee in question , a Speaker ' s warrant was ordered to issue for the caption of three other individuals , who were charged with various attempts to prevent testimony from penetrating to the committee . Ikcohb Tax . —The report from the Committee of Ways and Means having been brought up , . , . _ Mr . Herriss moved the resolution of which he had given notice , setting forth that the income tax had
been intended , and ought to have been a temporary measure , and declaring that the renewal should how be limited to such an amount as might be deemed necessary , in the existing state of the revenue to provide for the expenditure sanctioned hy Parliament , and for the maintenance of public credit . The hon . member quoted the authority of various officials in the present and former ministries , and of other distinguished statesmen , to show that the general understanding on which the income tax was originally granted had been a temporary concession to financial necessity . lie argued from the nature of the impost , its unjust and inquisitorialcharacter , and the general unpopularity that attended it , that its continuance was only to be endured so lone as the crisis in which
it originated should exist . This , he contended , had now passed a way—( hear , hear)—and pointed to the improvement or the revenue , and expanding surplus now acknowledged by the Chancellor of the Exchequer , in proof of the assertion . Among all the taxes which financial prosperity would enable us to abolish he assigned the first place to the income tax . ( Hear , hear . ) The actual surplus for the year he estimated at two millions , and recommended that two seventh of the income tax should be remitted , causing a sacrifice of revenue to the extentof £ 1 , 500 , 000 , and suggested that certain regulations in the assessments of the window duties , which must in this case be retained , would remove all the sanitary objections to that impost ( Cheers . )
The Chancellor , of the Exchv . o . uer vindicated his consistency with the past , by showing that his opposition to the income tax , when first proposed , was offered with a special reserve of those very justifications that could now be pleaded , viz ., the abolition of taxes upon consumption , such as the corn , sugar , and timber duties . . The renewal of the tax , in 1815 , was asked by Sir R . Peel solely for the purpose of commencing those experiments in taxation , and in that proposition be had himself concurred . Remarking that the comparative injustice of the several schedules in income assessed to the tax , was a matter of great doubt , he urged many arguments to prove that it would be unwise to restrict the new tax tea period of a single year . He proceeded to justify his own scheme of finance , contending that the taxes Which he proposed to remove were more injurious than the income tax , and besides promised to expand under
alleviation so much , as ultimately to replace ' the whole amount of revenue sacrificed at first . He commented upon the significant omission of a corn duty from the financial proposition enunciated by Mr . Herries , and dwelt upon the inconsistencies between bis plan and that of Lord Stanley . The Chancellor of the Exchequer concluded by declaring that he did not , even now , wish to have the income tax voted in perpetuity , but to be . continued for a while , ftr the sake of those more burdensome duties which it had enabled them to abolish- ( Hear , hear . ) Mr ; Prissbp characterised the propositions of Sir C . Wood as instances of class legislation . None of his remissions would yield the slightest benefit to the labouring classes . Mr . F . Pbbl , without giving an unreserved assent to the whole scheme of the finance minister , supported the renewal of the income tax . He reminded the house of the circumstances under which that
tax had been imposed and continued from time to time , with the progressive intention of reducing the burdens on articles of consumption . Since 1 S £ 2 ce less than ten millions of duties had been struck off , yet the public revenue now showed that the customs and excise receipts were hi gher by one million annually than they were before ^ This policy was , however , still uncompleted ; and the abolition of the income tax would leave a large deficiency in the Exchequer , to supply which they would find it necessary to re-imposo some of the indirect taxes . ( Hear , hear . ) While any protective duties remained , he could not consent to abandon the tax upon income . ( Hear , hear . ) At the same time , he did not altogether approve the
government mode of distributing their surplus , ( Hear , hear . ) The window duty mig ht have been retained in great measure under the modification of a bouse tax , which , as a criterion of expenditure , appeared to be a more just basis of taxation than the amount of income . ( Cheers ) Mr . T . Bauiso censured the pliability which had led the government to form their finance schemes according to the behests of popular agitation . Confessing to a strong prepossession in favour of maintaining a handsome surplus by way of security , he could not consent to forego so large a proportion of the existing margin as was proposed by Mr . Herries , although he coincided in the principle on which his resolution was based . The hon . member
went on to criticise the theory ' , and the details of the income tax , remarking upon its injustice , and deducing from the contraction shown in the aggregate of Schedule D , the conclusion that either tha incomes from industry were dwindling under the operation of free trade , or that the subjects were guilty of most extensive frauds . The reduction of the window duty was a partial benefit , conceded merely for a popular purpose . Mr . Wilson declared that the resolution now before them'brought into antagonism two great parties , one wishing to re-impose protective duties , the other desirous of following out ; the policy that bad actuated the governments for some years past . He then entered in much detail , into the financial and commercial history of the country since the
prevalence of free trade principles , showing how rapidly the public revenue had filled up the chasms occasioned by reduction , and how vast had been the expansion of exports and imports in almost every article known to British commerce . Denying the validity of the doctrine that any tax , if politic in itself , was to be repudiated merely because it ^ had been called a war tax , the hon . member complained that the agriculturists were never contented with their share in the general advantages from a diminution of burdens , but required some exclusive boons devised for their benefit as a class . The census tables proved that the per centage of the population dependent upon agriculture was perpetually decreasing ; he enlarged upon the necessity of throwing open the channels of industry in other
directions . , Mr . BooKEB objected to the income tax chiefly because it would enable the government to pursue the suicidal policy in which they had embarked . He also believed it was essentially unjust in its operation , especially upon the farmers , who were forced to pay an income tax even upon their losses . Rent was a symptom of prosperity far more undeniably than any of the eigns so . frequently paraded before them , and in rent there had been a reduction of twenty per cent ., or more . He denounced the vain-glorious clap-traps that had ' ¦ been uttered on the score of the enhanced production and cheapness of commodities . Mr .. Swirer believed that the free trade poncy had proved not less beneficial to the agricultural than to other classes
. _ , „ ., _ Mr . Smoker read extracts from " Hansard , to prove that tho present Ministers , when not in office , had declared the income tax unjust , unequal , ana fraudulent . :, . Mr . Rkwoms , intended to oppose the renewal of the income tax , which he had supported on a previout occasion , and explained the considerations whereon he had arrived at his new opinion . Lord C . Hamilton found that the vote for three years was equivalent to a renewal of the income t » x to perpetuity , and called on the house to refuse it , unless some attempt were made to smooth away its injustice and inequality . Mr . S . Crawfokd also declined to vote for the tax inallits . oppressiveness , which the Chancellor of the Exchequer could not be persuaded to modify .
Sir R . H . Isglis urged various objections to the details of the income fax , but confessed that the proposition of Mr .-Herries left all-the evils it contained untouched . Believing that the finance
Monday, Aran. 7. House Of Lords.—The Mut...
^ So /^ , governmeutoffered much relief to su port them ° la 88 e 8 j be * elu"ta « tly consented to The house divided on Mr . Hebbiks ' s amendment . For . the original motion 278 T Aga , nst j * 230-48 Ihe amendment was consequently lost . iwr . Disraeli ' s amendment stood next on the paper , but after some conversation it was agreed to taKe the debate upon that amendment on Friday .
ine resolution set fourth the necessity of devoting the surplus to the relief of theowncrs and occupiers of land , r Mr . Hume repeated the notice he had given of an amendment for restricting the renewal of the income tax to one year , , ^? * Cobden wished for some opportunity of u j ? v sense-of the house upon the question whether the assessment of . the tax could not be improved . The report was then brought up and agreed to . The other business was then disposed of , and the house adjourned at a quarter-past one .
TUESDAY , April 8 ., HOUSE OP LORDS .-Tho House went into Committee on the County Courts Further Extension BiH . i-. ^ The'Lord Chasckilok ' objected to several of the clauses which imposed upon the county courts duties which they were wholly incompetenttoperform . The effect would be to introduce great variety in the law , as administered . in . different parts of the kingdom . ; The bill committed the blunder of making the judges of county courts arbiters of causes which required all the learning . and experience of Masters in Chancery . Lord Brmjoham defended the clauses .
Lord Crmjwobth gave a modified assent , He thought there were many matters which could be equitably and satisfactorily'decided by the judges of the county courts . . Ultimately some of the clauses objected to were withdrawn , and one , ( the 35 th ) was rejected on a divisioni The other clauses passed through committee , and their Lordships adjourned at twenty minutes to nine o ' clock . ' BOUSE OF OOMMOXS . —Ckcroh Ratis . —Mr . Tbelawnv made his annual motion , supporting it by the usual arguments , for a ' ' Select Committee , to consider the law of Church Botes , and the difference of practice which exists , in various parts of the country in the assessment and . levy of such rates , and to report their observations to the house . "
Mr . Hardcastlb seconded the motion . The events of the last two years had shown that the Church of England contained ndt . only two rival parties , - but two antagonistic religions . How much was that circumstance calculated to aggravate the feelings of Dissenters , seeing that they wero not only compelled to pay an impost to which in conscience they objected , but actually to contribute to the promulgation of doctrines which they believed to be false ! If the levying of Church Rates be not an act of persecution , it is an act of the nature of persecution . ' ¦' ; '•'•• ¦ ' ' ' Lord J . ItcssEU , would not object to the motion , believing that it was desirable that Hsomo attempt should be made to settle the question .
Sir It . Isglis heard the statement of Lord John Russell with regret . Church rates were a burden on property , payable by property : and the owners acquired their , possessions , liable to the burden of such payments . Mr . BaioHT ' contended that it was a breach of the principle of religious liberty to compel persons' to contribute under any pretext whatever to a purpose of which they disapproved on religious grounds . He advised Sir Robert Ioglis , and other sincere adherents of the Church of England , to set their house in order , for assuredly in their case troublous times were approaching . Mr . A , Hope would g ive a ready assent to the inquiry . He did not wish it to be considered that the question of Church Rates should be deemed immutable .
Messrs . Hbtworth and Lennabd thanked Lord John Russell , in the name of . their Dissenting constituents , for consenting to the inquiry . The motion was then agreed to . . ..,. ; :... . . Lord AsHiiSY . rose , in a very thin bouse to move for leave to introduce a bill to encourage the construction of lodging-houses for the working classes . He adduced a variety of details to show the necessity which existed for such an enactment , if it was deemed an object of importance that the'lower orders of the population should , bo . raised in the scalp of physical and social existence . In the more crowded parts of London and other large towns , it was frequently found that four or five families were lodged in ' a comparatively small , iil-ventilated , and
badly . situated room . Accurate statistics had shown that these localities were the hot-beds of disease and immorality . The efforts which had been made in the way of establishing model lodging-houses had proved most successful . The bill he asked leave to introduce had for its object the removal or mitigation of an enprmous . evii .., It will bo permissive in its operation , would be carried into effect bj' the local authorities , and only after sanction was given by a certain portion of the rate payers . The measure would apply to England . Lord Ashley mentioned : that the establishment of model lodginghouses had been greatly facilitated by tho repeal of the duty on bricks . The motion met with hearty approval from Mr . Slasbt , Mr . Hums , Mr . Fox , Lord Claudb Hamilton , Mr . Labouchbrk . Sir G . Gait , in the course of approving remarks ,
stated that means for defraying the expense of obtaining charters for such beneficial purposes was under the consideration of government . Leave was ^ ranted to introduce the bill . Distress in Ireland . —The impoverished condition of Ireland was brought under notice by Sir H , Barron , who , moved , . '' That this house will resolve itself into a committee , to take into consideration the state of Ireland , with a view to relieve the distress there existing . " Taking the circumstances of Ireland as they existed in 1845 , and comparing them with the state of matters now , Sir Henry showed an immense deterioration as the result , The great agents in bringing about that deterioration were the tariff , the abolition of the corn laws , and the new poor law .
Sir W . SoMEBViiXB spoke of the unfairness of taking 1845 , as the year of comparison with 1851 . That was the year before tho famine j but , even during that period , as was shown by tho report of Lord Devon ' s Commission , the labouring classes particularly were in a most wretched condition . Compared with the last year , or the last two years , Ireland was making some advance , and he hoped would continue to advance . To agree to the motion would be to raise false hopes , and he hoped the house would at once negative tho proposal . Sir L . O'Brien , Mr . Reynolds , Mr . Mi O'Cossbll , and Mr . S . Crawford , addressed the house , but great diversity of opinion was expressed as to the cause of Ireland ' s misery and the remedies . , On the suggestion of Mr . S . Crawford , words extending the inquiry , to the relations between landlord and tenant were added .
Lord J . Rdssbm . was of opinion that if the house assented to the motion , its mover would find that every proposition ' he made would be opposed by his own supporters . Ireland was far from being in a state of prosperity , but this at least could be said , that the symptoms of distress were not as aggravated as before ...., „ . The house then , divided—For the motion .. 129 Against it ........................ 138-9 The orders of the day were disposed of , and the house adjourned at half-past twelve o ' clock , till Wednesday noon .
, WEDNESDAY , April 9 . house of commons . —The house met at noon , and , after receiving a great number of petitions upon the subject , proceeded to the discussion of the three metropolitan market bills , which stood at the head of the orders of the day . Mrv B ; Dksisok withdrew the Metropolitan Cattle Market Bill , and , Sir J . Dckb having moved the second reading of the Smithheld Enlargement Bill . . , : Mr . Chrisiop hbr objected to the plan embodied in the bill , whieh was drawn up under the auspices of the London corporation . The area proposed to be added to the site of the market lie believed to be altogether insufficient , * the dangerous passage of droves through the streets would still be continued , while the enlargement , such as it was , would cost more than a million , and must be paid for out of the pockets of the farmers and graziers from the country .- He moved that the bill be read a second time that day six months .
Mr . Fiizrot seconded the amendment . Sir C . Kniohtlet . opposed the removal of the market . He had been in the habit of sending cattle to Smithfield for forty years , and had always found the market to be admirably arranged ; If . the inhabitants of the locality : did not desire its removal , what business , he asked , had other people with the matter ? - ( Laughter , ) " ' " ' "; ' - ' ¦ ' • " ¦ : WH . Verkbt advocated a-cbahge of site ; which was required by the vast increase of the population ,
Monday, Aran. 7. House Of Lords.—The Mut...
and by the want of lairage . A metropolitan market ought to On accessible by rail . - ( Hear , - hear . ) Mr . W . Williams wished both bills to be referred to the committee ; he could not consent to the government bill as it stood , which gave too much power to the commissioners . Mr . K . Setjier supported the city plan , as did Sir J . Duke , who , on the part of the city , was prepared , if the government consented , to let both bills go to a select committee . The corporation did not object to the government making ns many markets as they pleased , so long as they did noc take away the city market . ( Cheers . ) He pointed out the advantages , of the corporation plan , which would remedy all grievances whereas that of the government left most of the evils as they were , and would greatl y increase the price of meat .
Mr . C . Lwns contended for the necessitv of removing the meat market into the suburbs . * No improvements could possibly obviate the existing evils , and would but perpetuate the nuisance now complained of . ( Hear hear . ) He declared that the course pursued by the government had been quite disinterested . Mr . Alderman Sidsev maintained that the scheme proposed b y the corporation was quite sufficient , and pronounced the . government proposition sui invasion of the private . and prescriptive right of the city of London . ; . ¦ :.. Mr . Hume intended to vote for the second reading , believing that the corporation had a right to be beard before the committee up stairs ,
Mr . Waklei ridiculed the pretensions of the ministry to interefero in so many kinds of business . They had undertaken burials last session , and were becoming butchers in this . He contended that by taking the market out of town , the price of moat would be largely enhanced in town . Sir G . Ores submitted that it was improper to throw the responsibility of selecting between two conflicting schemes . The . commissioners had reported against retaining the market within the metropolis , and it was for the bouse toohoose between adopting that report , or allowing the plan of the corporation to take efiect , ( Hear hear ) . : Mr . Stafford opposed the removal of the market . ' Mr . W . Milks supported it .
Mr . Osborne reminded the house that they were about to vote upon the question whether the two bills should he referred together to a committee ? Mr . S . Wortley denied that the alternative presented to the house was , as Sir G . Grey . had stated , whether one of two localities should be preferred ; the government had suggested ho locality . The real question was , whether the corporation , being in possession of n . valuable market , which was inadequate to existing wants , and came forward with a scheme which the commissioners had described as a vast improvement , were not entitled to an inquiry ? The corporation bill was opposed by Sir . B . Hall and Mr . Mackisnon , and supported by Mr . Mas-TERMAN .
Lord J . Ri / ssell said it was his duty , as a member , of that bouse , if the interests of his constituents did not coincide with those of the kingdom at large , to prefer the latter . Tho question , he observed , was not as to two competing schemes , but whether Smithfield-market should be removed from its present sito to another to be , selected by commissioners . With an increasing population , it would be almost impossible to' enlarge the present area sufficiently without destroying valuable property , a sacrifice to be compensated by an increase of tolls . This WU 8 part of a great public question , affecting
the health of 2 , 500 , 000 of the community . Mr . Mowati opposed the bill , which was supported by Sir H . Halfobd . Upon a division , the amendment was carried by 246 against 124 ; so that the bill is lost . The motion that the Ministerial bill , entitled " The Smithfield Market Removal Bill , be read a second time , and referred to . a select committee , " excited some miscellaneous opposition , during the course of which various explanatory statements were offered by , members of tho government . A division was ultimately called , when the second reading of the bill was affirmed by a majority of 230 tb 65—165 .
A warm conversation followed this division , but at length the motion , that the bill should be referred to a select committee , was agreed to , and the house rose shortly afterwards .
THURSDAY , April 10 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —Lord BROUGHAM introduced a bill for affording to suitors in the Court of Chancery a speedier and less expensive administration of justice . .. HOUSE ' OF COMMONS . —Colonial Expesditure . —Sir W . Moleswortk moved resolutions to the effect that steps should be taken to relieve this country from its present civil and military expenditure on account of the colonies ; and that it is expedient to give to the inhabitants of the colonies , which are neither military stations not convict settlements , ample powers for their local self-government . He began by stating the amount of the expenditure incurred by the united kingdom on account of the colonies . According to the last
return for 1846—47 , this amount was £ 3 , 500 , 000 , the civil expenditure being £ 50 , 000 , the military £ 3 , 000 , 000 . He then entered into satistical accounts of the military expenditure in all our colonies , and contended that it was only necessary to garrison eight military stations with 17 , 000 men , which would cost £ 850 , 000 , not much exceeding the , charge for : the Cape of Good Hope alone , with ' a Caffre war . If these colonies were governed as they ought to be , he contended that no troops would be required there at the expense of tho Imperial Treasury , except for military stations and convict settlements . A military force demanded for colonial purposes should be paid by the colony ; if for Imperial
objects , by the mother country . From the Australian colonies nearly all the -troops could be withdrawn . In approaching the case of the South African colonies , he took occasion . to review the whole subject of the Caffre war , inquiring , first , who was to pay the cost ; secondly , the causes which had led to the war ; . thirdly , what steps should be taken to protect the mother country against the expense of future' frontier wars ? He assigned reasons why tho whole burden of the present conflict in British Caffraria could not be thrown upon the colonists . His inquiry into its causes embraced a comprehensive . survey of the policy pursued by the local government towards the native tribes and
a criticism by no means favourable , of tho proceedings of . Sir H . Smith , who with Lord Grey , he alleged , was responsible for this war . In conclusion , Sir William estimated the ultimate saving in the military expenditure for the colonies at £ 1 , 000 , 000 , besides £ 130 , 000 out of the civil expenditure . . Mr , Ubqohart seconded the motion . , Mr . Hawes opposed the motion . Its object was neither more nor less than to induce the house to abandon all its colonies , wherever there was a British force and an imperial expense incurred , with the exception of convict and purely military stations . The voluntary abandonment ef such an empire , was a sacrifice which no country was ever known to have made . Mr . Hawes disputed the relation which existed between the possession of local self-government , and the non-necessity for British protection . With regard to the frontier
policy of Sir Harry Smith , and which had been objected to by Sir William Molesworth , ' Mr . Hawes asserted that it was in strict accordance with tho recommendation of every governor of eminence who had ruled the colony . Commendable readiness had beendisplayed by the colonists , to rally in support of the local government . Exceptionshadoccurred ; but these were clearly owing to the bad example shown by the persons who taught and exemplified resistance in the case of the convict question . After all the entire saving which Sir William Molesworth held out was only £ 1 , 200 , 000 , arid for that sum was the house prepared to abandon the greater part of our colonial empire ? . Mr . Addbrlst supported the motion ; contending that the policy developed by Sir William Molesworth was sound and economical , while the policy of the Colonial-office was rotten and expensive .
Mr . Stanley believed that the effect of the motion would betodiasever England from her colonics ; and to that he never would consent . . Mr . CtBDEN remarked that Mr . Stanley had overlooked the circumstance that the rate-payers of England had something to say to the question under discussion , Mr . Hawes had asked—Would England give up her colonies for £ 1 , 200 , 000 ? Mr . Cobden would ask in return—Wonld tho colonists give up the mother country for £ 1 , 200 , 000 ? Lord J . Russell withdrew the question from merely financial considerations , declaring that it involved nothing less than the maintenance or dissolution of the empire . It Was sought not to diminish but to abolish the whole military defences of the colonies—to have their union with the mother country dependent upon the natural attractions of origin and race . - ' 'These , he showed , would utterly fail . In Canada the tendencies of race set as
Monday, Aran. 7. House Of Lords.—The Mut...
strongly towards tho United states as towards Eng « land . At the Cape the majority claimed a Dutch oriein ; in Trinidad a Spanish ; and elsewhere we held in solution a heterogenous mixture of races . On the motion of Mr . Hume the debate was then ad journed to Tuesday next . The house rose at one o ' clock . FRIDAY , April 11 . ta n P ^ OF LORDS .-The County Courts Ext ? vi was read a tnird tim « n ( i P asse , ?» wjvq Ut } ougiiam entered at some length into the » wi u ? P r swl law of Evidence Bill , whichi u | on his motion was read a second time . ?« S .. ° th mlls 7 ^ vanced a stage , and their Jorasliius adjourned . c HOUSE OF COMMONS . -On the motion for going into committee on the Assessed Taxes Act
Mr . Disraeli moved an amendm ent- "That in any relief to be granted by the remission of adjustment of taxation , due regard ought ' to be paid to the distressed condition of the owners and occupiers of land . " Estimating the rental of tho country at sixty millions a year , the loss on this amount ' was , or soon would be , understated at ten per cent ., making six millions . The formers' capital ' supposed to be 300 millions while the corn law lasted , had since undergone a depreciation of 100 millions . Here he maintained was a cau ? o of suftering- ' thafc demanded , not relief from an impoverished ; exchequer , but a consideration when a surplus had to be di tributed . Adverting to the government proposition for transferring to tho consolidated fund
some of the cost , of pauper lunatics , he deduced from it an admission of the principle that all paupers ought to bo maintained out of the general revenue and a partial adoption of this course he recommended as a great relief to the 0 C « CUpiera Of land . A similar change might ; also be etteoteu with regard to the expenditure upon gaols . Besides tVCm a sum of £ 1 , 700 , 000 per annum was levied in conjunction with the poor rate but not devoted to the support of the poor ! forming an extra burthen upon the land- to alleviate which the financial surplusmighthai « Uen justly and beneficiall y employed . This , he argued , would be a better boon than the window tax ' For the removal of what were called the "
establishment " charges he considered "" that tho landed interest could prefer ah undeniable claim . This amounted , for England and Ireland , to £ 750 , 000 per year . Eulogising the industry , the loyaltv , and the patience of the agriculturists under all sufferings and all disappointments , he demanded on their behalf , that while other classes enjoyed untaxed bread , they might be allowed to possess untaxed labour . He wished onl y that the ministry , during theholydays , would reconsider their budget . Mr . Labouciiere hardly knew how to treat tho resolution as serious . Mr . Disraeli had hinted at changes quite inconsistent with the remission of the window tax , and nevertheless , had declared his intention to support that measure .
Mr . Gladstone without approving entirely either of the ministerial project or that of Mr . Disraeli , felt obliged to elect between them upon a balance of advantages . Viewed in connexion with contemporary incidents , he looked upon the resolution before them as having somo relationshi p with protection , whose restoration tho party stood pledged to attempt . Admitting the possibility that the incidence of tho local taxation was unjust to the land , he could not consent to alter it before the question of protection wag finally settled .
Mr . Stafford inquired what was the real meaning of free trade , and after giving various illustrations of high and low prices , concluded that the latter meant nothing but dear money . Lord J . Manners considered the permanence of our boasted manufacturing prosperity extremely doubtful . It could not endure , he contended , unless the home market were cultivated , and the agricultural consumers raised from their depression . This was impossible under their present burthens , and while they were left to struggle against foreign competition .
• Mr . Bright stated the case assumed by Mr . Disraeli to be a claim for special relief , on the plea of special distress . He denied one half of this case altogether . There was no proof that the owners of land were seriously injured . Rents had fallen very slightly , and in sonie places not all . Fluctuations were experienced in all trade * . The ironmasters wore now suffering from a diminished demand . ' The Yorkshire c / othiers were suffering from the high prices of woo ' , by which tho formers benefited . Returns showed that the contribution paid from the land to the poor rate had diminished by one-half since 1833 . The farmers were suffering * from the effects of a vicious system , and for their relief he suggested improved business arrangements , more skilful husbandry , adjusted rents , and abolished game laws .
Tho Chakcellok of the ExcnEQL'BB contended that Mr . Disraeli had violated all consistency , by consenting . to support a proposition , and yet moving an amendment which utterly defeated it . He dared the complainants of , distress among the labourers to deny , that the condition of the peasantry throughout England was better than ever before . Wages h » d nowhere fallen one half , bu £ prices had . Regretting the baneful influence of rural demagogues , he unhesitatingly trusted tho question to the good sense of the country . Sir R , Peel , identifying himself with the agricultural interest , although a free-trader , intended to vote for Air . Disraeli ' s proposition . Lord J . Russell declared that the motions so often proposed to them upon agricultural distress were base ! upon a delusion .
Several members having taken part in the dis cussinn , the house divided—For the amendment ; ; 250 Against 203 Majority for Ministers 13 The house rose at a quarter past two .
Extensive Robbert In Tub Ordnance Office...
Extensive Robbert in tub Ordnance Office . — On Friday information was received by the metropolitan police that the Royal Ordnance powdermills at Waltham Abbey had been burglariously entered , and plundered of a largo amount of . property . The thieves broke into the cashier ' s office ; forcing open tho iron safe , they took from it £ 320 in' Bank of England notes , 190 sovereigns and 18 s . 2 d ; in silver ' and copper . They also effected an entry into the storekeeper ' s room from whence they took £ 12 . Besides the cash they took a quantity of powder , and got clear away with their booty . Robbery at the Reform Club . —On Thursday evening , between nine and ten o ' clock , some expert thieves made their way into the Reform Club , and ,
notwithstanding the vigilance of the hall porter , carried off the largo eight-day time-piece and its glass covering , and got clear away . Extensive Fire at Woolwich . —On Friday morning a fire , attended with a great destruction of valuable property , broke out in a large range of premises belonging to Mr . Sampson , a tallow chandler and melter , carrying on business at No . 97 , High-street , Woolwich . Owing to the inflammable character of the stock-in-trade , the flames travelled with unusual rapidity , so that it was with considerable difficulty the residents were enabled to effect a safe retreat . As it was , they were almost suffocated with smoke . The fire was eventually extinguished , but not until Mr . Sampson ' s
property was reduced to ruins ; and unfortunately ho was insured for only £ 250 , not one half the amount of his loss . The total loss is roughly estimated at £ 1 , 500 . The origin of the fire is unknown . Daring Robbery under the South-Western Railway . —On Thursday night , a gentleman , who was going down the South-Western Railway , proceeded from the York-road along Vino-street , and over the private footpath , belonging to tho company , for the pm pose of getting to the booking * offices . To roach the lattir place , it was necessary to pass under an archway the entire width of the station . Scarcely , however , had the gentleman gained the middle of the arch , when he was seized by five men , who pinioned him , and one placed his band over his mouth to prevent him from giving an alarm . They then took his watch from his person , and £ 12 in money , when they gave him a vio « lent blow in tho face which nearly stunned hira .
They then ran off , and got over the fence into Granby-street , and made their escape before the police knew anything of the outrage or robbery . Owing to the sudden attack and speedy flight of the robbers , but a very imperfect account can be given of their persons to tho police . : Atlbsburt Election . — The nomination of the candidate * took place on ThuMday morning in the County Hall . The Returning Omcer declared th i show of hands to be in favour of Mr . Bethcll , on which a poll was demanded on behalf of Mr . Ferrand . The poll began at eight o ' clock on Friday morning , Mr . Be thell taking the lead , which he kept during the day . At four o ' clock Mr . Bethell ascended an elevated position in the Market-square , and began to address the people as b ' lS Constituents ! The state of tho poll was then announced : — Bethell 544 Ferrand 513
Majority for Bethell 2 G Tnx Fbimley Murderers . —Up to one o ' clock on Thursday no intimation , cither officially or indirectly , had reached the sheriff of Surrey , or Mr . Keane , the governor of Horsemonger-lane gaol , relative to any alteration in tho sentence of Levi lurwood and Samuel Jones , convicted of the murder of the Rev . Mr . Holiest . Levi Harwood reiterates his innocence of the murder , and neither of the-prisoners- have made-any statement , that can in any way be constructed into a confession of their guilt . -
West : Somerset Election . —The nomination took place on Thursday in f > 0 ]^ U ^ W ^* K house at Taunton ,- when Mr . WftpP ! ( grandson of the late veprcsentatft « f ^ Pe ^«« w . division of tne country , and ' s ' on-fcl S ^ J ^^& r / ' ; of Buckingham , ) was elected wit # * W I W W ! % L ] front oUjMifmifmK ntatW & P * -Sf « tfo lon- ^ ^^ psM ' ^ ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 12, 1851, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_12041851/page/1/
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