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THE NORTHERN; STAR. __ : May-3^]84§
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Co imreapontottt*.
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. ( } Jr , viz.;—Mr, , Is.; Mr. Dalton, ...
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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, MAY 12, 1849.
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THE LEAGUE OP PEOPLE AGAINSX THE LEAGUE ...
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XaXUXi XUAJJJU Jjl&tti&AJUlTX. We invito...
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PARLIAMENTARY BEVIEW. Minister arc saved...
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The sect of tho Pharisees is gifted with...
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. RECEIPTS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY ...
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EXECUTIVE FUND. Received by S. Kitdd.— H...
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SMITH O'BRIEN AND THE OTHER STATB PRISON...
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The Pwmouth Breakwater. — Some idea of j...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
The Northern; Star. __ : May-3^]84§
THE NORTHERN ; STAR . __ : May-3 ^] 84 §
Ad00406
¦ DR 1 T . 1 SH EMPIRE FREEHOLD LAKD AND BUILDING SOCIETY -L' 0 nan Advance your Rent is Saved , —you become jour own Land and Householder . . Faftw .-T . 5 . Dcscomde . Esq ., JLP . T . Waklet . Esq ., M . F . B . B . Cabbell , Esq ., M . P . L . J . ILumasd , Esq ., M . Bankers . —The Commercial Bank of London ( Branch ) , 6 , Henrietta Street , Covent Garden . ^ _•?;; . ;• . »; Ojncc . —So . 13 , Tottenham Court , New Road , St Pancras , London .-DA . MEL William Runr , Secretary . Abbakged ej Tukee Sections . Value of Shares and Payments for Investors . Full Share .. .. £ li ' 0-naymcnt of 2 s . 41 d . a Week , or 10 s . 6 d . per Montn . Half Share .. .. CO — 1 24 _ - 0 8 — Quarter Share .. .. 30 — ' 0 75 — - 8 _ ' ~ » , » . J __ Applicants are requested to state in their form the Se ' ction they desire to ° f a . aamwr ot 2 ? o Sr ^ vaiyjts ' , Soucttoes , or Hedemptwv I- £ Es : —The present Entrance Fee , including Certificate , Uules , Ac , is 4 S per Share , and is . for any part of a Share . Price of Rules , including Postage , Is . AwrppTfi - - ist-To .-siaUe members to build Dwelling Houses . 5 th .-To giro to Depositing Members a higher rate of Ii „ . -, -, •« = " " { , ter « t than is vieldedbv ordinary modes of investment . Sui-To afford the means of purchasing both Freehold ^ J ^ StolS tSe En dowments for the mad L <* seiiold Properties or Land . children , or Hmbands for their Wives , or for Mavriaj 3 rd . —To advance Mortgages on Property held by Settlements . „ . jnembt" - ? . 7 th . To purchase a piece of Freehold Land of sufficiei 4 th .-To enable Mortgagors being members to redeem value to give a legal title to a County Tote for Members , their MortJSgeS . Parliament . ^ ?—r j _ t , _ ;„ ; „;„* this section every person in town or country can become the proprietor of a House and Lan 3 n hiswrane ^ huourlioodT without being removed from his friends , connexions , or the present means himself arid famil ^^ j i ^^^^ S ^ y aaipitalbyAares iopwrchase ^ Est 2 teg r erect Dwellings thereon , and divide the Land int allotoi ^ nu fiom half-an-acre upwards , in or near the towns of the various branches of the society . The property to b « ie h'M - •'• i- freehold of the memher after a term of years , from the date » f location , according ' o his subscriptions , SEciitwIlL—Saving or Deposit section , in wliicli members not wishing to purchase are enabled to invest small sums xecezriuir Interest at the rate of five per cent per annum , on every sum of 10 s . and . upwards so deposited . : 2 j _ b . £ 500 -win be advanced to the members of the first Section in July next , when all persons who have and ma I , ecoinc members for Shares , or parts of Shares , on or before the 4 th of July next , and who pay . six months' subscrip - * ians in advance , or othenvise , will be eligihle for an advance .
Ad00407
ALSO , THE UNITED PATRIOTS' AND PATRIARCHS' BENEFIT SOCIETIES Enrolled pursuant to Act of Parliament Thus securing to its members the protection of the law for the fends a « -l property , legalised to extend over the United Kingdom , with the privilege of appointing Medical Attendant . Agents . Ac An opportunity is now offered to healthy persons , up to Forty Years of Age , of joining these flourish" Institutions in town or country . JiOSDoa Of scz . —13 , Tottenham Court , New Road , St Pancras ( thirteenth house eastward from Tottenham Court-roat ) Damel William Rufft , Secretary . Patrons . —T . S . Buncombe , Esq ., M . P . T . Wakht , Esq ., M . P . B . B . Cabbell , Esq ., M . P . F . O'Coksob , Esq ., SLP . L . J . Hansabd , Esq . In the abort space of Five years these societies have paid the following benefits to their members . SUHHABX OF CLAIMS . £ 8 . A . Sickness and Superannuation .. .. .. .. 3 , 486 14 7 Accouchments .. .. .. .. .. 1 , 01 ) 3 0 0 Funerals .. .. . „ .. .. .. 904 4 9 LoEibyFire . ; ... .. .. .. 55 2 . 0 . - £ 5 , 449 1 4 Present Capital funded in the Bank of England .. .. £ 2 , 186 10 5 .. These Societies are in six divisions or sections , for the Members . to receive the following Benefits according to their Subscriptions : — First Division . . j" Foraxn Division . Entrance according to a ^ e , from 5 s . to 10 s . Monthly Con-j Entrance , according to age , from 3 s . 6 d . to 8 s . Gd triuutions for Sickness and Management , 2 s . 7 d . Monthly Contribution for Sickness and Management is . 4 d .
Ad00408
HEGISTER ! REGISTER ! REGISTER ! Jfow Published , afcd . ready for circulation , l ) y the Xatioxal Election asd Regisibatiox Gommiiiee , A COMPLETE HAND BOOK AND GUIDE TO REGISTRATION , compiled from the Reform Act and other Parliamentary Papers , making the subject of Registration so plain and simple , as to bring " it within the capacity of all j classes . Published * l > y James "Watson , 3 , Queen's Head-Jassa gc , Paternostor-row , London , and seld by all ooksellers in the United Kingdom . ' * Price , only Three Pexce . , May also be had of the Secretary , James Gkassbt , 8 , KoaU ' s Ark-court , Stangate , Lambeth .
Ad00409
NEW MONTHLY PUBLICATION . rsics THimrpBicE . On tbe 1 st of June , will appear No . L of THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , and iETfiRATCBE . IMited by G . JULIAN HAHXEY . At present no Monthly Advocate of Democratic Progress exists in this country . It is therefore proposed to establish such an organ , at a price which will place it within the reach of all sections of the people . The DEMoeairio Eevhw will represent contend for , and chronicle the progress of Democratic Principles at Home and Abroad . The Political and SocialEmancipation of the Proletarians jof these Islands bv the enactment of the principles of the ZEOPLK'S CHARTER . HOME COLONISATION on A YRF . K SOIL , and the substitution of CO-OPERATION for Competition in Manufactures and Commerce , will be Strenuously advocated in this PnMication .
Ad00410
CHARTIST SILK FABRICS . MESSRS . CLARK AND WARREN l > p * mostrespectfully to call the attention of the Democrats of Great Britain to the following splendid assortment of Neck and Pocket Handkerchief , Black Satin Vestpieces , Ladies' Chartist Coloured Satin and Tabby Dress-Bieces ; also a splendid assortment of Ladies' plain and Sgured ' Neck Ties , winch liave just come to hand from their manufacturer at Macclesfield , audit is their intention to ibrward them { carriage free ) to all parts of Great Britain auid Ireland at the foUowing prices : — -, £ s . d . ladies' Dress-pieces , fourteen yards to the dress , 3 s . per-vard .. -- - .. 220 Gentlemen ' s Ihrtra Strong Black Satin Vesting , per Vest 0 10 0 Ditto , Neckerchiefs , Rich Oporto Ducapes , Plain and Plaided .. - •• ° 5 5 Ditto , ditto , Satin Ducapes , Plaided .. 0 5 0 Ditto , ditto , Napoleon Blue Satin Brussels , Crimson Borders .. .. 0 4 6 Ditto , ditto , Extra Bich Black Satin Turk , Heavy .. •• •• 0 4 3 Ditto , ditto , Black Brussels , Plain .. 0 i O Ditto , ditto , ditto , Titeo . 0
Ad00411
INSTANT BASE—LASTING CURE . Price Is . per Packet . BRANDE ' S ENAMEL , FOR FILLING DECAYING TEETH , and RENDERING THEM SOUND AND PAINLESS , has , from its unquestionable ex ceflence , obtained great popularity ' at home and abroad Its curative agency is based upon a TRUE THEORY of the cause of Tooth-Ache , and Hence its great success . By most other remedies it is sought to kill the nerve , and so stop the pain . But to destroy the nerve isitselfavery painful operation , and often leads to very sad consequences , for tbe tooth then becomes a dead substance in the living jaw , and produces the same amount of inflammation and pain as would result from any otherforeign body embedded
Ad00412
TEE CHEAPEST EDITION ETEF . rOBLISHED . Price Is . 6 d ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plats of the Author , of PAINE'S POLITICAL WORKS .
Ad00414
j , Now Ready , a New Edition of IP . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS . THE LABOURER MAGAZINE . Vols . 1 , 2 , 3 , A , may still be had , neatly bound , price 2 s . 6 d . each No . 4 , the Number containing Ma . O ' Cosjsor ' s < . " Treatise on the National Land Company ;" No . 10 , - the one containing Mb . O'Coxxob ' s Treatise " On the National Land and Labour Bank in connection with the Land Company : "Have lately been reprinted , and may he had on application , Price Cd . each . Imperfections of the * Labourer Magazine * may still be had at the Publishers .
Ad00413
In a neat Volume , Price Is . Cd . " The Evidence taken by the Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to enquire into the National Land Company . " This Volume ought to be in the hands of every Member of the Company , as it strikingly illustrates the care and economy that have been practised in the management of the Funds of the Company , and proves , beyond contradiction , the practicability of the Plan which the Company was established to carry out .
Ad00415
Just published , No . III . Price Sixpence , of THE COMMONWEALTH . "THE COMMONWEALTH" will be the Representative « f the Chartists , Socialists , and Trades' Unionists , in the Monthly Press . contents : 1 . What is to be done with Ireland ? 2 . The Weaver ' s Daughter . 3 . Extinction of Pauperism . 4 . Popular Cause in Europe . 6 . Social Effects of Peasant Proprietorship . 6 . The Hero . 7 : Events of the Month .
Ad00416
LAND AND COTTAGES . COTTAGE S CONSISTING OF TWO small rooms on the ground floor , with garden , fifty feet frontage by one hundred feet , maybe had on " leases fob eveb , " with immediate possession , at £ 4 per annum . Additional Laud { from one to five acres ) may also be had in the next field but one , at the rate of £ 4 per acre , also " roa Iran , " hut £ 2 yearly per acre only will he charged during the first three years , Roads , capital ; water , delicious and abundant Tithes and rates about Gs . per acre . The tenant to have the right of redeeming the rent by voluntas ? kstaiments" to pay him five per cent Persons possessing a little independent income , - and mechanics who can carry on their avocations within twehtyone miles of London , will do well to embrace ah offer which -will enable them to have a ' permanent home" and to consume the produce of a whole acre of good land ( if they cannot afford to rent two ) , thus securing then ? health and comforts , besides having the moral satisfaction of diminishing competition without emigrating . . ¦ Applications for further information tobe made , by letters only ( enclosing a stamp ) , to S . Badme , Esq ., SOt , New Oxford-street , London . __
Ad00417
TO TAILORS . By approbation of Her Majesty Queen Victoria and His Royal Highness Prince Albert , Now Heady , THE LONDON and PARIS SPRING and SUMMER FASHIONS for 1849 , by Messrs . BENJAMS BEAD and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Bloomsbury-smrare , London ; and by GEORGE BERGER , Holywell-street , Strand ; a splendid PRINT , elaborately finished , and superbly coloured , the LANDSCAPE ,. a correct view In the Queen ' s Botanical Gardens , London , ( by special permission , ) the most magnificent place in Europe . This beautiful picture will be accompanied with the most novel , good fitting , and fashionable Dress , Riding , Frock , and Hunting CoatPatterns , both double and single-breasted ; Hussar ' s r Youth's round Jackets , plain and with skirts ; single and double-breasted Dress , Morning and Evening . Waistcoats ;
Ad00418
CIRCULATION-THIRTY-lriyB THOUSAND I rn-HE- FAMIL Y PR IE NP , X A MOSTIttT PERIODICA ! , UNRIVALLED LV CHEAPNESS , INTEREST . AND
Ad00419
FOR SALE , A TWO-ACRE SHARE drawn in the January ballot of 1848 , for the small sura of £ 10 . All expense up to this time is paid . Apply to W . Mundivy , news-agent and secretary , Mayorhold , Northampton .
Co Imreapontottt*.
Co imreapontottt * .
. ( } Jr , Viz.;—Mr, , Is.; Mr. Dalton, ...
. ( } Jr , viz . ;—Mr , , Is . ; Mr . Dalton , 3 d . ; a Friend , 6 d . ; Mr . Lees , Cd . ; Mr . North , 3 d . ; Mr . Wilson , 3 d . jfrointhe " ColonelHutchinson , " 5 s . [ r . Ormesher acknowledges the following sums for the support of the Kirkdule prisoner * s-JPrescot , per John llerser , 5 s . ; Hebden Bridge , William Baker , 5 s .
The Northern Star. Saturday, May 12, 1849.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , MAY 12 , 1849 .
The League Op People Againsx The League ...
THE LEAGUE OP PEOPLE AGAINSX THE LEAGUE OF KINGS . It is now some years since we predicted that the next European struggle would be the League of People against the League of Kings ; " and that we did not make a false estimate of the disposition and the genius of the people of the future , the improvement of whose mind we ventured to measure by the
standard of progress , is fully proved by the present state of Austria , where the-last of the Cesars now totters upon his barbaric throne ; the state of Italy , where tlse Italian mind is emerging from that tomb of ignorance , prejudice , " and superstition , in which it has been so long and systematically enshrined ; and the state of Germany , whose federal links , that constituted its monarchical power , are now bending , and about to yield t &> the League of the People .
What will England—proud England ^ , so boastful of her martial name and military prowess—now say to the loss of her tharee great Allies , who , as we predicted , have now more than enough to do in looking after tbeir own affairs . It is thirty-five years since Napoleon—wis the Special Constable , but the Autocrat—pro--phesied that in fifty years Europe would he Republic or Cossack ; it ia over twenty yeans since Canning prophesied that the next great European struggle would be the WAR OF MIND ; and it is nearly twenty years shiee
WE prophecied that the voice of Knowledge would silence the cannon ' s roar ; and who can now contemplate the lameness of England ^ , formerly the arbitrcss of the world i while the Austrian empire relies for its preservation upon the invasion of its territories by a hundred and fifty thousand Russians ; . when the English Special Constable , the President of the French Republic , which declares the will of the people superior to the will of the autocrat , has the matchless presumption to invade Italy withaRepublican army , to suppress
and put down Republican principles in that country , and Avhen the fidelity of the Protestant people of Protestant Prussia can be no longer subjected to the will of a despot—who , we ask , can contemplate England ' s tameness in the midst of such trying scenes , without coming to the conclusion that her Statesmen are aware that she has enough to do at home , to keep for a time—and only for a time—tho mind . of her own country within those trammels from which the minds of all other people are now , by degrees , escaping ?
It is the privilege of tho Monarch to declare war or make peace , without the interference of Ministers , Cabinets , or Privy Councillors , but then such powers are never used in England without the implied consent of those advisers , who are presumed to hold the balance of power in both Houses of Parliament ; and we may consequently presume that the will of Parliament , if not consulted , is , at least , favourable
to such Royal proclamations : while , upon the contrary , the decision of the Special Constable and his Ministers has been overruled by the voice of the National Assembly , but not until the privilege of the President , sanctioned no doubt by the connivance of his advisers , had led to a gross violation of Republican ,- nay , Monarchical principles , and great slaughter of Republican citizens .
The English reader , however , may glean some slight consolation from the fact of the National Assembly having reversed the decree of the despot , and it is this—that upon the eve of an approaching election , when those Sena- , tors will stand again ( to-morrow ) before their constituents , pleading for a renewal of their trust , they will urge their opposition to the invasion of Italy as their best qualification :. to
represent xhe Democratic mind of France ; and from this fact the English Chartists will discover the value , not more of Universal Suffrage than of Annual Parliaments , as we have but little doubt that but for the approach of the General Election , that Assemby—a majority of which has violated nearl y every article of the constitution—would have heenbuttoo ready , and willing to acquiesce in the tyrannical invasion of Italy .
While the three great continental powers of Europe—Austria , France , and Prussia—are thus embroiled in revolutions , it must not be forgot that England is all but at war with her own Colonies , while Ireland , her sister , is one great charnel-house . The mind shudders at the contemplation of thousands being slaughtered in a struggle to uphold the rule and tyranny of despots , while it becomes inured to the daily , decimation of its own population , by famine and starvation . But , however the
stability of English institutions may be sup ; posed to be based upon the loyalty of English , andthe aervility of Irish Representatives , it is time that both should understand that neither represent the mind of the maiority of either country . J V It is well that this little cradle should rock ^ toly in the rnidst ofsurrounding convulaionsbut let the responsible advisers of the Queen it r „ "f ?" % ™\™™ fi *¦* their wiSS mg the legitimate rights of the people will ultimatel y embroU this country i / a l £ e convu - sion , and at a time when the eontSi ^ Ef It ia majYeiious to aeo tte apW with
The League Op People Againsx The League ...
which the English Parliament and Englisn Ministers look upon public opinion , and audaciously resist all public appeals to adjust class differences . They still rely upon Parliamentary majorities—upon armed soldiers , policemen , and specials-hoping to keep the active mind of England within those limits which will enable her to make laws for the benefit of money-mongers , however they may militate against the interest of their slaves . In 1793 , the Union of the Irish people had extracted all but complete liberty from the English Government , when the French Revoher force abroad
lution required the service of ; but when English money had succeeded in purchasing French treachery , England—then safe abroad—resisted those several demands , which were all but acquiesced in , and became , if possible , more tyrannical than ever ; and , taking warning from tho past , we now counsel the English working classes to be watchful , determined , and resolute , and they may rest assured England—commercial England—cannot escape that universal contagion that is now raging , and that the first shot fired will be the signal of England ' s regeneration and Ireland ' s redemption .
Napoleon , when strengthened by the confidence , love , pride , and valour of the French people , made Italy his battle-field—he destroyed Republics and established monarchies . The Special Constable is following in his steps ; but let him take heed , and bear the fact in mind , that opinion ' now is not what opinion was fifty years ago—that he , like his Uncle , is not a warrior— -and that the . French people of to-day are not to bo duped as their predecessors were who fought for individual glory , in the vain hope of achieving national greatness . Our fondest hope ia , that the brave Hungarians may be able to resist the double tyranny of'Austria and Russia ; that the Italians will preserve their Republic in spite of the
treachery of the Special Constable ; and that the league of German Mind may overpower the league of German Despotism . English rule and English policy have been through all time governed by her alliance with foreign nations , while now , instead of being the strongest twig in the bundle , she has , by her foolish resistance to legitimate popular demand , become a solitary stick , whose strength can be only preserved by the folly of those who have been but too often the victims of their own intemperance and rashness . But we trust that a people , well drilled by experience , will not again be caught in tho trap , or allow that rictory which is not far distant—to be wrenched from their grasp . Austria , France , and Prussia once Republics , it will be out of the power of English faction to uphold its despotism and the people ' s degradation .
Xaxuxi Xuajjju Jjl&Tti&Ajultx. We Invito...
XaXUXi XUAJJJU Jjl & tti & AJUlTX . We invito the attention of oar working-class readers to the following motion , submitted to the House of Commons on Thursday night , by Mi * . Drummond , member for East Surrey , and still further do- we invite their attention to the manner in which it was received and disposed of by the FRIENDS OF LABOUR . Mr . Drummond-s motion ran thus 5—" That this House do- resolve itsolf . into a committee to consider the public expenditure ,, and the existing system of taxation ) ,, and how farbotfrmay be revised , with a view to relieve thepressurcuipsii the industry of the country . " Now this was a much more definite , a-more inviting , ^ except -to Free-. Traders , ) a more comprehensive , and a less-lepnlsive proposition than that submitted to tiro House by Mr . Cobden , on behalf of the Financial Ret
formers ; but , inasmuch as Mr . Dkummonds proposition would open a wide door for inquiry Jnto tbe conSLtiooa and the suffering of the poor : man , as well as into the luxrarieg of the rich , | our Dockyards , Steam Vessels , pay of Army 1 and Navy Officers , and other expenses with : which the working man has nothing whatever it & do , and wliich would confer no possible ibenefit upon Mm , beyond the effect it could 'have in reducing patronage , and thereby libeiralising legislation ; and , inasmuch , as the ; amount proposed by Mr . Cobden to be ; deducted from the National
Expenditure , would be but as a drop of 'water in the ocean , compared to the ' amount filched by the capitalist from the ; labourer , Mr . Cobden and the Free Traders , ' dreading the searching inquiry that must in' evitably result from the motion of Mr . DbumiMOND , not only gave it ' their most violent opposition , but did it in a manner usually ,- if not uniformly , repugnant to parliamentary usage —vizt > by moving the " Previous Question , " for the purpose of shelving tho subject altogether .
There was not a quibble that ingenuity or cunning could invent that was not enlisted to justify this most tyrannical course ; thus clearly proving that to the Liberal party an inquiry into the condition of the poor man wonld be most repugnant ' . As is their custom , they rode off upon the question of direct taxation , to which we also are favourable upon principle , believing that
it would ultimatel y lead to a better system of representation , when those who impose , the rates pay them , but from which , according to the present system , the working classes would derive no possible benefit , as , the privileged capitalist could and would transfer tho burden from his own to his slaves' shoulders , as we have shown upon more occasions than one , and to which we shall again briefly call the attention of the reader , and to which we invite his
strictest attention . Suppose a manufacturer to be liable to direct taxation , and suppose him , to meet all required expenditure , to be saddled with a direct tax of ten per cent ., and suppose him to return profit of £ 10 , 000 a-yoar , upon which at ten per cent , he should pay £ 1 , 000 tax , and suppose him to employ one thousand hands ; from those hands he would deduct , not the amount of tax to which he was liable , but he would make the heavy individual tax a pretext for reducing the wages of the units , an experiment that would be no way difficult when the over-stocked slave market gave the labourer but the option of consenting to Buch reduction or going with his famil y to the workhouse . ¦
' • "Well , fixing the consequent reduction at an immoderately low figure , the profits and the tax at a hig h , figure , if the employer reduces the wages ' of each individual by one shilling a week , it will amount to £ 2 , 600 per annum or leave him a profit of £ 1 , 600 after paying this direct tax ; and should he be content with a reduction of sixpence , and what political economist would be content with so little , it would leave him a profit of £ 300 per annum .
To our readers , who have studied the whole question of political economy in- a wider sense than the Manchester school , this view of the question will present no novelt y , but it is right that the subject should be kept fresh in their memory , and it is just that their professing friends should appear before them , ia their proper colours . ^ . Mr . DnujmoND has had many a poke at us and at the "Northern Star , " but we cheerfully bury all in oblivion when we find him , in defiance of the prejudice and opposition of all parties , taking this bold
, this manly , and comprehensive , view of the Labour question , and we have little doubt that from the opposition offered to it , the working classes will be able to distinguish between the seductive words and black deeds of their professing friends . . "We' regret that it is not in our power this week to analyse the speeches more critically ; next week , however , we shall give Mr . Drummond ' b speech at length—it will repay perusal , and . then we shall enter more fully into the subject , pra ying for the present , that wo m » y be savo ^ fro » our friends .
Parliamentary Beview. Minister Arc Saved...
PARLIAMENTARY BEVIEW . Minister arc saved for the present by halfa-score proxies in the Lords . . The grand battle on the floor of the House of Lords between the outs Bind the ins , for which both parties have been long making vigorous preparations , was looked forward to with keen anxiety , and has excited more interest than any p olitical contest since the closing conflict on the Peel Tariff of 1846 . - It was well known that _ the Protectionists under Stanley were determined
to make a real rot a sham fight , and were preparedfor the consequences of a victory , namely , to take office , and attempt to carry on the Government . It was equally well known that the present occupants of office had been making the most desperate efforts to whip up votes , and catch proxies' in every possible quarter , and throug h the medium of every available influence . Still , even with the unstinted and earnest assistance of the Duke of Wellington , who exerted his proxies in their behalf , it was generally believed that the division would be an exceedingly narrow one , and , even to the
last moment , some entertained at least a hope that it would be in favour of the Protectionists . The excitement both in andout . of the House on the two nights of the debate , was great . The number of Peers present was unusually large , and a' majority of the Members of the other House , who are most constant in their attendance on their Parliamentary duties , took up their places either below the bar or in the side galleries . The space before the throne , appropriated to foreign ambassadors and their attaches , and to Peers' sons , was also crowded ; while on both nights a considerable number of ladies were present in the galleries at the , upper end of the House , and on the concluding
discussion many of them sat till the sun rose , in order to learn the result and accompany their lordly relatives home . Nor is this to be wondered at . The . ladies of both factions were quite as much , and as directly , interested in the contest as those who spoke and voted . On the one hand Ladies in Waiting , Women of the Bedchamber , and Maids of Honour in esse , could not but feel vitally interested in the question , whether they were to retain their places or not ; Ladies in Waiting , Women of the Bedchamber , and Maids of Honour in posse , would naturally be equall y anxious to know , M'hether their hopes and desires were to be fulfilled or not . In one of the admirable
j illustrations of " Mr . Pips'a Diary , " which weekly appears in " Punch , " the artist has represented , in capital style , the Commons in " a Committee of the whole House , " and has given especial prominence to the somnolent members whoarestretchedonthegalleryseats . Thescene in the gallery of the Lords , between one and four o'clock on Wednesday morning , would have supplied a few novel subjects . Not a few of the female aristocracy , who had come from the ball room or the assembly with the blaze of
diamonds about them , were to be seen asleep , wearied out by the potent and protracted oratory of their noble friends below . And as the dawning light of morning stole in through the richly painted windows of the spacious hall , and , gradually growing stronger , brought out their glowing tints , it fell upon a scene which has had but few parallels—perhaps none , since the final struggle for the Reform Bill , whenif we remember rightly—their lordships did not beeak up till nearly seven o ' clock . j
Of the character of the debate we do not propose to speak . The most noticeable point in the first night was the defection of that venerable Pantaloon , Lord Brougham , from tho policy with which his name is traditionally associated . He is a MalthnsianandPohticalEconomist , andmight , therefore , reasonably have been expected to vote for the abrogation of the Navigation Laws . But , as if to show that his versatility and his capacity for " turning his
back upon himself , " and other feats of an equally mountebank description , are by no means exhausted—that he is as willing as ever "for to come , for to fetch , for to go , for to carry "—he made just one turn more , and abused his quondam friends and associates with the same gusto and in the same fluent Style , which , under other impulses , he would have applied to his new allies on the Tory and Absolutist side of the House . In fact , Lord Brougham outran the oldest and most zealous
of his new party in his love for despotism , and his hatred of liberal institutions . According to the new lights that have of late beamed upon him , NICHOLAS of Russia and the Austrian Emperor are the safeguard and mainstays of European civilisation , the synonymes for all that is most precious or most deserving of being cherished in human society— -while , on the other hand , his fertile imagination , and his facility for coining Billingsgate phrases ,
find ample occupation in making or retailing , with his . peculiar exaggeration , all the scandal and gossip which he thinks will tendto damage the newly-formed liberal Governments on the Continent . To the Roman Republic , especially , he bears a most cordial hatred , and never loses an opportunity of . maligning them . If , however , his last evolution was meant to secure the woolsack from a Protectionist Ministry , he has failed in his object .
The two speeches which occupied most time and excited the greatest attention , were those of Lord Grey and Lord Stanley . The latter , especially , fought bravely for his party , and well deserved the heart y and protracted cheers amidst which he sat down . Bis solemn , earnest , and eloquent , but subdued tone of remonstrance to the Duke of Wellington , on the course he was taking , was delivered amidst breathless silence , and excited intense interest , with the apparent exception of him to whom it was addressed . He satin his usual attitude , with arms folded and hat drawn over his
brows , as immovable as some of the stony idols in a Hindoo Temple—and , like them , vouchsafed no reply to his petitioner . The Marquis of Lansdowne was stung into animation and passion by some parts of the Protectionist leader ' s trenchant and dashing onslaught , and spoke with an energy which was wonderful for his years , and contrasted strangely with his ordinary inaudible , pompous , and measured style . At last the division took place , when , out of the two hundred and twenty-four Peers present , a majority of FOURTEEN voted against the Ministry . The proxies , however , retrieved the defeat , and gave the Whigs a
final majority of TEN . The total number of Peers who voted was three hundred and thirtysix , but of , we believe , about four hundred in all , who are entitled to vote . This shows that the " whip" on both sides must have been exceedingly severe . It remains to be seen whether Lord Stanley will act in the spirit of his _ expressed determination , to renew this fight at every opportunity , and taking advantage of his majorit y of Peers , who attend personally , mutilate or altogether reject the Bill in Committee—thus rendering another fieldday necessary for the final victory of the Free Traders .
On the policy . of the measure , we have so frequently expressed our views , that it is needless to do so now . The best course , perhaps , for the friends of . the working classes , and of native industry , generally , to pursue , is to withdraw from any active opposition to the " buy-cheap and seU-dear" faction . So long as a vestige ; of the old protective systemromains , they will throw the blame of the failure of their own pla n * upon it , and bo able to hoodwink at least £ part of the public as he real
to t causes of the mischief . It will be better to take this / excuse away from them , and let their own system be seen in its naked deformity . Tore re-action of which the Protectionists now speak , willthen speedilybecome strong and universal , but it will net be of a . kuv \ which will drive the industrious classes into the armsof the monopolists of land ^ -the protectors of their own wealth , privileges , and . communities , at the expense of the rest of the I community , TueMustry of the country ha $
Parliamentary Beview. Minister Arc Saved...
too long groaned beneath the exactions of both landlord and mill-lord , and we cry heartily « plague on both your houses ! " in "the good time coming , " "labour must , " as Tiioju , Cahlyle phrases it , "become a seeing gi au —and , with eyes , wide open to his own in , tn rests , work out his own salvation .
The Sect Of Tho Pharisees Is Gifted With...
The sect of tho Pharisees is gifted with im mortality . It survives all the mutilations of time , the rise , fall , and decline of empires , tta death of old and . the birth of new reli gions No doubt in the days of the triumvirs „•„ ' cemvu's , and tribunes of old Rome—when Pa * ganism with its thousand Gods was the reion ! ing faith , and its priests read inquiries from the entrails of beasts and birds—there we ™ men who assumed a sanctified air , and con
strued more . rigorously the precepts of their creed than others . That they formed a numerous and prominent portion of the Jews , yl know from the frequent allusions to them , and the vigour with which the Founder of Chrisj . tianity castigated them upon all possible occa . sions . But the species who hold by the letter which killeth and neglect the spirit which maketh alive—who are careful of external observances , but neglect the weightier matters of the law , are as much alive and flourishing as ever . They still go about devouring widows' houses , oppressing the poor and ostentatiously exhibiting their superior piety , as in the olden times . The description of Burns still applies : — .
"Learn three-mile prayers and half-milo graces m wee ! spread looves and lang wry faces , ' Beto tho poor like onie whunstane , Ah * baud their noses to thegrunstane PJy every art 0 ' legal theivin' ' Eao matter , stick to sound believin ' . " The contradictions exhibited b y this class are manifold , and are of themselves sufficient to show the entire absence of all comprehension of first principles or clear ideas of the duties of
men to men . For instance , in Parliament they opposed tho Bill for allowing the mail trains to carry passengers in Scotland ou the Sundays , and insisted upon its observance according to the letter of the Judaical Law delivered by Moses . When , however , these believers in Moses , who keep the real Sabbath instituted by him , come to ask for admisson into Parliament , the children of Cant tusxi round and deny them admission on the ground of certain } other antiquated prejudices . Again , when it is proposed io legalise marriage with a deceased wife ' s sister , the
Pharisees and Hypocrites , forgetting , or obstinately overlooking all the social aad practical objects and probable results of suck a law —as in the case of the admission of trite- Jews to Parliament , they overlook or deny ta * civil rights of another portion of their fellow ci ' fens —fall back upon the Levitical law and tSfe old . fathers , though if they were asked to a # ply these authorities to any of the ordinary transactions of life , they would be the first to deny their validity when so applfofl . This playing fast and loose , is a peculiar and distinguishing characteristic of the species with reference to >> the question raised by Mr . Swart Wortley j
it is obvious that it is one which should be decided purely on its social merits ,, and probable domestic consequences . The Levitical law has been abrogated in almost a / 11 important matters—the doctrines of the early fathers of the Church have no more force ,, and are no more binding to-day than their views upon celibacy , and the importation of theological niceties and distinctions into so plaiar a question , can only bo meant to confuse swd terrify those who are unhappily under the domination of Cant . However these ancient sophists- may refine and subtilise as to the degree of puopin .
qvity in which the sister of a deceased ! wife stands to her sister ' s former husband ,, it is clear that no posssible sophistry can ever confound the relationship with that of bloodl If there be any sound and philosophic reason for forbidding sister marriages , it -is that they tend to deteriorate the physical and mental organisation of the offspring of such marriages . Yet we permit the marriage of first cousins—r close relations by blood—while at tho sauie time we have artificially , within the last three or four years , declared the marriages which are liable to . no such objection—illegal , and deprived the offspring of the protection of
the law . On the contrary , when the domestic and social results of such marriages are considered impartially , it will be seen that their advocates have not onl y the best feelings of our nature , but , all the facts and all the arguments on their side . It is high time that a school of instruction was established , to which those pretending to be legislators should be sent to learn the very alphabet of trucTcnowlcdge , and to have instilled into them a perception of those great landmarks which separate private from public affairs , in order that they might cease from mischievous intermeddling withthe former .
. Receipts Of The National Land Company ...
. RECEIPTS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY For the Week Esdin * Thursday , Mat 10 , 1849 . SHARES . £ a . d . £ s , d . Eccies .. 2 0 0 Kortliampton . .. 0 10 0 Warwick .. 0 2 0 Helper .. 0 10 9 Lambeth .. 060 Plymouth - 109 Nottingham .. 0 12 i J . C . T . .. 0 5 0 Leicester , Newton 12 0 AVelchmaa .. 0 10 0 Accrington .. 116 0 J . Vigurg „ 0 2 tf Loughborough .. 1 19 8 -LCuttris .- 0 5 Walsall .. 0 i 6 W . Bannister « . 0 10 Blandford .. 117 Mottram .. 350 JEIG 18 £ Abingdon . .. 15 6 " EXPENSE FUND . Nottingham .. 0 10 Spalding .. 0 i Q Leicester , Newton 0 2 0 — £ 0 7 0
TOTALS . Land Fund ... ... ... ... 16 18 1 Expense ditto ... 0 7 0 Bonus ditto ... 32 I 5 Loan ditto 0 12 i Transfers ... , „ , „ , „ o 15 0 £ 50 13 19
EanATtnr . —During : the w « ek ending- April 12 t ! i , 51 . w « e recehedfromEcclea , which were credited , " Bonus , « ., Loan , U . ; " instead of " Bonus , « ., and Land Fund , U . " lhe entries are correct on the books . "W . Dixon , C . Doyle , T . Clahk , Cor . Sec . P . M'Gkatii , Fin . See .
Executive Fund. Received By S. Kitdd.— H...
EXECUTIVE FUND . Received by S . Kitdd . — Huddersfield , 10 s . Gd . ; Brig ; lactory , is . Id .: Bradford , Us . 6 d . ; Hebden Bridge ,. 10 a .. ; Huddersfield , per Enoch Sjkes , 6 s . Sd . ; Greenwlcb ,, for copies of petitions , 3 s , ; HoImnrUi , Marsdon , 69 . . -Ifo ceived at the Land Office—Mrs . Heath , Gd . VICTIM FUN . D . Received at the Land Office . —Warwick , S & z & i Mft Heath , 6 d . ; Mr . Wood , 6 d . l DEFENCE FUND . Received by W . Rdjeb . —Cheltenham , pw J . Hemmtoi 2 s . 5 d . FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received by W . Ridek . —J . Hayton , Dorchester , 13 . IJij Edinburgh , half proceeds of sale of Tickets for P 1 «« * Georgie Mills , perR . Burkett , ij , iq & . j Notting ham , pe * ' * Swaet , 7 s . 3 d , ; Cheltenham , pec J . Hommin , 7 s , !» % John Roxby , Mortoa CoUiery , is , - Brighton , per " » Flower , 10 s .
NATIONAL VICTIM AND DEFENCE FUND . Received by Johk ABsorr . -Walsall , per J . J *** Ss , 74 - Westminster per j , Grassby , ' 3 s . ; Bmesl W Locality ,. per Mr . M'Veiah , 4 s , 9 d . ; 28 , Golden-lane , j « J ? , -T' Sfi ** * 5 ** ««« as per Star , 21 . 18 s . « . - »» ot , ItiS . iiQi
Smith O'Brien And The Other Statb Prison...
SMITH O'BRIEN AND THE OTHER STATB PRISONERS , v . THE QUEEN . This case was argued before the House of Wr on Thursday , and most ably on the part of the vie tims . by Sir P . Kell y , Mr . Napier , MA % Seager , and Mr . O ' CalWhan . It willbeconciu ^ next week , when w « shall furnish our readers «» a full report of the matter .
The Pwmouth Breakwater. — Some Idea Of J...
The Pwmouth Breakwater . — Some idea of jb mass of stones combined together to » " " . & Plymouth Breakwater may bo formed by ™ ag « " f thafc , if piled iip over the area of Trafel ^ ffl they -would form a pyramid 600 feet Mgh r * x 3 «' exceeding that of Nelson ' s nionumont , u ?{« ua ^ on the top of Sfc . Paul ' s ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 12, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_12051849/page/4/
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