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' /wiiiwiia. 1850. THE NQRTHBRN STAR, f
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MONIES RECEIVED Fos thx Week Esdiss Thur...
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THE EOUTE Of MR. ERJvTSST JOKES.
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Ernest Jones "will he at Carlisle, Satur...
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THE 1'OLISH AND HUNGARIAN REFUGEES. On W...
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TREATMENT OF POLITICAL PRISONERS. On Tue...
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€3)artt ' 8t ftttelltgow*
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The Executive Committee of the National ...
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MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. A Despebate Woman.—E...
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; M. Potevin made bis ascent on Thursday...
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OP UNITED TRADES. T...
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THE GREAT SEIZURE OP STOLEN PLATE Aim JE...
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Incendiarism in the Counj^ ob- Down.—The...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Workhouse Industrial Organisation. Indus...
"" Ireland—that land of sorrow , misfortune , r-rime , and snfFering--strangel y enough , has f . 73 ven another illustration of the immense Sipfits of a well-organised and indnstral sys-] S applied to the masses , for whom the comar « ffs ? 5 ra 5 threw unon those who were . ame to tTi ^ ara no less ftjntar with £ ? - ££ of wholesale destrncfaon ansmg f * n huddling together fconsaods of emanated , halfolad , famismng wretches , into hnildinffs not large enough to accommodate Them and where , as a consequence , trnhus swep t them off by hundreds . The magnitude and terrible nature of the
Very p-r il seems , m one instance at least , to have forced those who have suffered from it to have recourse to the only rational arid effectual remedy . The Poor Law Guardians of Cork , driven to desperation b y the int olerable pressure of the rates ,, which were jjvrallowing the means of the industrious tradesmen , and rapidly drawing all classes ¦ down into an unfathomable gulf of pauperism , threw off the fear of the Political Economists and Poor Law officials . They had tried , to the utmost , all p lans of retrenchmenfc , without the slightest effect The dietary had been reduced to the minimum ; the officers salaries cut down , with an unsparing
hand , but all in vain . As a last resource , they tried industrial occupation . The organ of the iree Traders and Manchester School , publishes the results . According to the elaborate account of the " Daily News /' ^ has been most successful , not only in improving the character of the inmates , hut in effecting a considerable reduction in the
rates . This result was not ; however , achieved , all at once . It takes some time to work out a new p lan in practice , and especially to find out the right men to do it . This happened at Cork . The first master blundered , and was very unsuccessful , but the Guardians were lucky enough to find a man who understood what was wanted , and whatisbetter , who knew how to do it . Under his inspiriting influence , idleness , with all its concomitant evils , was
banished from the Cork workhouse . Healthy and cheerful occupation dispelled , like a purifying breeze , the noisome and stagnant vapours ' which hung about it , and poisoned alike the p hysical and the moral health of its inmates . Order , cleanliness , industry , and cheerfulness took the place of disorder , filth , idleness , and the p rison-like gloom and silence that nurtured many a vindictive and baleful passion in those -who hardened into fiends within the hateful -workhouse walls .
It is not our intention here to follow out the details of this praiseworthy and most instructive experiment It is merely requisite to say , that varied productive and profitable employment has been supplied to ah * the inmates , according to their age , set , and capabilities . Spinning , carding , weaving—both linen and woollen goods—shoemaking , tailoring , carpenter ing-, bating , and other occupations , are all earned on in the well-arranged workshops of the Cork Union . The only drawback we see
to the plan is , that they have not a farm to cultivate , and thereby the power of providing themselves with food . If they had , they would soon require no more assistance from the Cork ratepayers , and , in afew years , would pay them what has been expended in this noble and fruitful experiment . Already it has effected an average saving of ^ £ 4 , 500 per annum in the former rates ; while the inmates are , by their own labour , more comfortably clad , better lodged , and rendered more healthy than ever they were before .
One hopeful incident must not be lost sight of . The stubbornness of even official political economy has relaxed under the more stubborn power of these facts , we are told that—The poor-law commissioners have come to regard the industrial system so favourably , that they have permitted the hoard to negotiate for the possession of a moderate sized ft ™ , whereon to develope the agricultural talent of the rural propers ; and it may be that , by and hje , some of them will come to he tenders of prize rams and plethoric bullocks ; though , to realize Dr . Johnson ' s notion of the condition of such bucolics , "who tend fat oxen should themselves be fat "
The social arrangements that have the power to convert idle , unruly , and disorderly paupers , into active , intelligent , workmen , ploughmen , delvers , and graziers , cannot stop there . Industrial organisation carries within itself a power of multiplication , when it is seen what can be done in one place by the proper application of Labour , Land , and Capital , all of which are now worse than wasted —men will ask themselves : " Why not here also ? " The answer to that question will not harmonise with competitive political economy , but it will do better ; it will lay the foundation for the permanent and general prosperity of all classes of the community .
' /Wiiiwiia. 1850. The Nqrthbrn Star, F
' / wiiiwiia . 1850 . THE NQRTHBRN STAR , f
Monies Received Fos Thx Week Esdiss Thur...
MONIES RECEIVED Fos thx Week Esdiss Thursday , October IOih , 1850 . FOB TBS WIMG-IJP OF THE JMb COMPAHY , Received by W . Sides . —Lake Lock , near Wakefield , per J . Humphrey 6 s Cd—J . Tickers , Amble , near Morpeth 6 d—J . and F . Frost , Rawmarsh , nearRotheiham Is—Four paid-up Members , Barton-upon-Trent 2 s 6 d—Leicester , per H . Barrow , -from Thirteen Members Cs 6 d—Camber-« 2 s , per 3 . Shnspon os- J . Howe , Braintree Cd—W . Brad-Ehaw , Crick , Northamptonshire Is—Messrs . Powell , Evans , D . Williams , J . E . Williams , T . Morgan , J . W . and B . Lewis and J . Morgan 4 s 6 d . £ a . a . Received by TV . Kider .. .. ISO THE HONESTY FUND . Received by W . Bideb . —J . Tickers , Amble . nearMorpethls . TRACT FUND . Received by Jons Aekott . —A . few Friends to the Cause , laswade , per W . Pringleis Si . FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POLISH REFUGEES . Beceived by Jons Absott . —Fart Proceeds ot a Concert , leld at the Bock , Lisson-grove ( Emmets Brigade , } per J . Blake 16 s . THE CASE OF THOMAS JONES . Beceived by Jobs Assort—From Edinburgh , per Walter Prhvle Collected at the Waterloo rooms , after Mr . Ernest Jones ' s Lecture 11 12 s Id—H . Robertson , Publisher 2 s 6 d—Hugh Conway ( late Char tist Tictim ) 2 s Gd—a Friend Is—Mr . Wood 6 d—Laughlan M'Gregor 6 d—Total from Edinburgh 1119 s Id . —Falkirk , Collected after an appeal by Mr . Ernest Jones , per Stewart M'Walters 1 / 4 s 3 d—Tillicoultry , after an appeal by Mr . Ernest Jones , per B , Hislop USs Hamilton , after an appeal by Mr . Ernest Jones , per A . Walker 11 Os 8 d—Loughborough , per J . Farrow 2 s 4 d—H . Crump Cd—Mr . Davis 6 d—Mr . Davy Is-Mr . Thompson Cd—a Friend , Drury-lane , per Mr . Crump 2 s Cd—Proceeds of the Meeting , Temperance Hall , Broadway 11 7 s—City Women ' s Men , per G . Grunslade II .
The Eoute Of Mr. Erjvtsst Jokes.
THE EOUTE Of MR . ERJvTSST JOKES .
Ernest Jones "Will He At Carlisle, Satur...
Ernest Jones "will he at Carlisle , Saturday , the 12 th . ^ 'Padiham , Sunday , the 13 th . Rochdale , Monday , the 14 th . Staleyhridge , Tuesday , the 15 th . Stockport , "Wednesday , the 16 th . Ekxest Jones Glasgow , 9 th October .
The 1'Olish And Hungarian Refugees. On W...
THE 1 'OLISH AND HUNGARIAN REFUGEES . On Wednesday evening a public meeting was held in the large room , at the Coach and Horses , Stratford , in aid of the Refugees . Mr . T . Brown in the chair . The chairman made a powerful appeal on behalf of these hrave but unfortunate exiles , and stated that a building , containing a hall and sleeping apartments
for their refuge , would be opened on Sunday next , at 41 , Tnrnmill-street , near Clerkenwell Green , and that the Committee would meet there every Sunday , and be happy to receive bedding of any land , however humble . Messrs . Bentley , Moring , and others , also addressed the audience , and after several Democratic songs were Bung by the Poles , a collection was made amounting to £ l Os . l £ d . One lady who had come ten miles liberally gave a halfsovereign .
Treatment Of Political Prisoners. On Tue...
TREATMENT OF POLITICAL PRISONERS . On Tuesday a public meeting was held in the Broadway , Westminster , for the purpose of hearing statements from several of the Chartists who were committed to Newgate , Tothill-fields Prison , and Horsemonger-lane Gaol , relative to the treatment they had received during their imprisonment . Mr . Hannibal presided . The Chairman , in addressing the meeting ,
referred to the occurrences which had led to the incarceration of numbers of tlieir Chartist brethren , and to the agitated state of Europe , when kings were trembling on their thrones , and even the Pope of Rome found it necessary to look to his safety . The meeting of that evening had been called for the purpose of hearing statements from those of their friends who had suffered imprisonment in their cause . Several of their friends were then present , and no doubt others would join them in the course of the evening .
Mr . Shaw said that it had fallen to his lot to move the first resolution , and , _ . in doing so , he need scarcely say that he agreed in every word of that resolution ; and he felt certain that those he addressed would join him in the opinion , that the working classes in this country had a right to speak their minds on matters of public moment that deeply affected their interests . The principal object of the meeting was , to ascertain what sympathy the working classes entertained towards their suffering friend Thomas Jones , who still remained a victin in prison , till he could pay to her Majesty the Queen the sum of ten pounds , which was demanded , before he could be liberated from prison . "Why Thos . Jones should be singled out for such persecution he ( Mr . ShaT ) could not tell . Jones was a shoemaker by trade , and he believed he had ever been a hardworking man . He was unfortunately one of the victims of those spies who were ever at the beck of the
tyrannical Whig government . Had the workingmen of England performed their duty he and others would not have suffered such indignities and persecution as they had been subjected to . He ( Mr . Shaw ) was now free of a prison , and he had no wish ever to return to one . His health would not enable him to address them at much length , and he would only further say that he concurred in every word of the resolution , which he moved , to the following effect : — " That this meeting being of opinion that every one has an undoubted right to freedom of speech on all questions which affect their interests , it therefore denounces those who have doomed their fellow men to dungeons and imprisonment for declaring their honest convictions , and thereby expresses its deep and heartfelt sympathy with those who have received such brutal and infamous treatment for their attachment to the cause of truth and justice . "
Mr . Abkoit seconded the resolution , and said , as secretary to the Victim Committee of the National Charfer Association , it had been his duty to put himself in communication with Mr . Wakley , M . P ., relative to the treatment the Chartist prisoners were subjected to in the Westminster House of Correction . The application was made in consequence of a statement which had been communicated to the Victim Committee by one of the prisoners , Mr . Sharp . That statement was written by Sharp in the dark , and secretly conveyed to the committee , and it described the cruel treatment and harsh usage to which the prisoners were subjected . Mr . Arnott proceeded to read the correspondence with Mr . Wakley , and stated that in the beginning of
March , 1849 , Sir George Grey sent a communication , dated from "Whitehall , in which the Secretary for the Borne Department stated that inquiries had been instituted with reference to the treatment ot the prisoners , of which complaint had been made ; that the prisoners had been examined separately ; that twelve out of the thirteen , upon being interrogated , answered that they had nothing to complain of ; and that the thirteenth complained of having been struck by one of the officers , but that upon inquiry being made into that circumstance , it turned out that the blow had been given accidentally . Such was the answer they had received from Sir George Grey . Now , as to the blow which had been alluded to , instead of being a thing of
accident , it was an intentional act , and was seen given by the party who had made the communication . As to the prison regulations which had been so much complained of , Sir George Grey said that these were made by the magistrates in conformity with the provisions of the Act of Parliament , and that he , the Home Secretary , could not interfere . Such was all the satisfaction they had received at the hands of the Secretary of State . Mr . Wakley , through illness , having been compelled to give np prosecuting the inquiry , application was made to Mr . Feargus O'Connor , Sir Joshua Walmsley , and George Thompson , and they having given it as their decided opinion , that Sir George Grey would father pardon the vilest felon than any political
prisoner , the inquiry was not further proceeded with . But notwithstanding the denial which had been attempted to be given by the government to their complaints , it was the melancholy fact , as they were all aware , that poor Sharp and another Chartist prisoner fell victims to their treatment , and died in prison in consequence of the ill-treatmqut to which they had been exposed . Mr . Arnott then stated , that Williams died on the 7 th of September , 1849 , and that the inquest was held on the following day , Mr ^ Tindal Atkinson being engaged by the committee to watch the case on behalf of the deceased's friends—that the inquest was adjourned to the following Monday , and that on the intervening day , as requested , he went to visit the deceased ' s relatives ,
and took down their evidence in writing , which was placed in the hands of Mr . Atkinson , to be used on the adjourned inquest . The father of Williams having been examined , stated that his son said , " Father , it is not Cholera , I die of cold and starvation . " The coroner refused te hear any more evidence of that kind ; but the evidence of deceased ' s mother he considered to be of a far more important character , and which she was prepared to give on oath ; it was as follows : — " On Wednesday , at five o ' clock in the afternoon , I went to visit my son , whom 1 found in his cell in a most prostrate state . I inquired what sustenance he had received , when I was informed by the officer on duty that he had plenty of soda water . I then asked if he could not
be allowed a little arrow-root ?—the officer instantly replied , « he will not take it . ' I then said to my son , ' Joe , should you like some arrow-root ? ' and with all the earnestness of which he was capable , he said , * Yes ! ' After a lapse of two hours a small quantity , not exceeding three table spoonsfulls , was brought , which he devoured . At half-past eig ht o ' clock that evening I left him . On the following day , at twelve o ' clock at noon , I again visited him , and asked him what sustenance he had received during my absence ?'—and he said , 'None whatever . ' " Thus a man lying on his death-bed was left without food or nourishment for sixteen hours . "Williams died early the next day . ( Cries
of" Shame ! " and " Murder ! " ) Mr . Julias Habnkt supported the resolution , and said he had no doubt , when the reign of adversity once more came round , as come round it would , and men spoke out their feelings , they might rely upon it that such men would have to endure persecution in the future , as men had already suffered persecution in the past . A government not representing the people was no more the government of this country than was Russia or Austria . Why did men at-- > ll speak of physical force , and become the victims of the plots of Powell and company ? Simply because they were refused permission openly to meet , and a statute was raked up to meet the occasion of the time of Charles the First .
It was the duty of the meeting to advocate the principles of those men who had suffered in 1848 . They should value men according to the principles they advocated , and not on account of their being successful or otherwise . Thomas Jones was still incarcerated till a fine was paid , which in other cases had been remitted . But in the case of Thomas Jones the fine of ten pounds was persisted in , and simply because he had manfully stood up against the prison discipline to which the Chartist prisoners had been subjected . ( Hear , hear . ) Instead of adopting modes of separate action , the people should resolve upon united action , and by making a long pull , a strong pull , and a pnll altogether , obtain those necessary reforms of which he felt that the People ' s Charter ought to be the
precursor . The resolution was then unanimously agreed to . Mr . James M . Bbtsox , one of the liberated prisoners , moved the next resolution , with reference to the treatment of Thomas Jones . For five weeks be ( Jones ) had been limited to bread and water , because he had refused , to work according to the prison regulations . His trade was that of a shoemaker , and he refused to make shoes in the gaol , as it was understood that such work was sold out of the gaol to the injury of the poor workman . ( Hear , hear . ) With reference to the treatment of prisoners at Pentonville , he believed lhat in several
cases insanity had resulted , and it was a fact that , before the prisoners were sent away who were sentenced to transportation , it was the practice to give them opportunities for singing and making noises of almost every kind to fit them for leaving , after the silent system to which they were compelled , under the regulations of that prison , to submit : He concluded by moving a resolution to the effect , — " That this meeting is of opinion that the conduct pursued towards Thomas Jones by the authorities is brutal in the extreme , and that enforcing the fine of ten pounds is tantamount to keeping him in prison for life . "
_ Mr . Geoeoe Sueix , who had been imprisoned in u orsemonger-lane Gaol , next addressed the meeting . aI * Jones » he 8 aid i wou , d soon De liberated , and when he came out ol prison , he would be able ™| . lhem . astatement of the treatment he had enaured , which would almost seem to be incredible , in * ^ ? l ° - n ent ne ^ d himself endured had only £££ ? £ J " the ODinion 8 he had previously Stfc ?* & n ? the 8 e ° P mionB he 8 hould never 8 Sr 2 aft 5 & He cordiaiiy wpported
Treatment Of Political Prisoners. On Tue...
Mr . Job ^ Beibb supported the resolution . All that irnpf jsonment had done for him , as his friend Shell had slsosaid , was , that it had sent him into a prison a GhariJst * and it had sent him out of it a Republican . The first speaker who had addressed them that evening ( Mr . Shaw ) had suffered extremely , and had been for a considerable time compelled to go upon crutches , Thei ' li w ? s .. classification of prisoners in Newgate , of which the public had little knowledge , but the classification was not one as regarded the nature of their crimes , but as regarded the weight of their pockets . There were in Newgate prison fifteen condemned cells ' , and he and Shaw were confined in two of these for twelve months , until rheumatism and illness laid them both on their backs . He certainly tried to make himself rather a troublesome customer , an J
among other things , on the anniversary of Charles the Second , he refused to go to chapel , as he said he didn't want to return thanks for any such mat * ter , as he thought Charles the Second ought to have been treated just the same way as his father had been . They were always told they must conform to the rules Of the prison , but these rules , although they had often asked for them , they never yet could see . The speaker , at considerable length , entered into details of what he had experienced in prison , and concluded by appealing to the sympathies of the meeting on behalf ot Thomas Jones , who still remained in prison . The meeting then separated . A collection was made at the doors on behalf of Thomas Jones . It was announced at the close of the meeting that this was the first of a series of meetings which it was intended to hold on the subject .
€3)Artt ' 8t Ftttelltgow*
€ 3 ) artt ' 8 t ftttelltgow *
The Executive Committee Of The National ...
The Executive Committee of the National Charter Association held their usual weekly meeting at the office , 14 , Southampton-street , Strand , on Wednesday evening , October 9 th . Mr . Edward Milne in the chair . Correspondence was read from Dorking , stating that a locality was about being formed in that town , and soliciting cards and rules for- that purpose . From ¦ Exeter , remitting cash , and requesting that a lecturer be sent into the County of Devon , and also stating that great good would arise if the request could be complied with . From Ipswich , reporting that a locality had been formed in
that borough , with' most encouraging prospects . Also from Mr . Ernest Jones , dated from Glasgow . After highly eulogising the noble and kind-hearted workingmen of Edinburgh , Falkirk , Tillicoultry , Alexandria , Paisley and Hamilton , for what they have done in behalf of Thomas Jones , the letter concludes thus , "I forbear entering into detail as to my tour , but am happy to inform you that nothing can be more promising and encouraging than the temper and spirit of the people . The meetings are all overflowing and enthusiastic , and not onl y enthusiastic , but what is much better , there seems a calm and thoughtful determination to act and organise . " The committee then adjourned to Wednesday evening , October 16 th ,
Somebs Town Locality . —A meeting was held at the Bricklayer ' s Arms . Mr . Wilkin in the chair . The delegate reported from the Metropolitan Council . Mr . Wheeler moved , and Mr . Thurston seconded — " That the council be instructed before taking any further steps in publishing a circular , to await the result of the proceedings of the democratic Conference . '' Carried . On the motion of Messrs . Rogers and Harris it was agreed , that the council should be advised to include the whole of the liberated victims in the proposed supper , instead of confining it exclusively to Ernest Jones . Mr . Wheeler read a reply to a letter in the Star from Messrs Allnutt and Nobbs , which was unanimously adopted , and ordered to be signed by the chairman
and other individuals . Mr . Hornby read some correspondence between himself , Mr . M'Grath , and Mr . Smith , when the following resolution was unanimously passed : — " That the character of Mr . Hornby stands as it ever has done , without reproach in the eyes of this locality , and that the chairman be requested to correspond with Mr : M'Grath . " Mr . Fussell then commenced his lecture "On the present state of Society , " alluding to the various efforts made by Reformers in all ages to better the condition of their fellow men , from Socrates and Plato , down to the Gracchi , and from that down to the present age . He then showed that the Charter was the onlj effective means by which the evils which for ages had been felt could be removed . He
showed the manner in which taxation and the other burdens of the country , fell with such heavy pressure on the working class , illustrating his argument by reference to the Exhibition of 1851 , and the advantages which foreign intellect and industry had over British . Until . the people were duly " , represented , no social modification could ever be permanent ; all attempts at co-operation or establishing labour exchanges , had from this reason proved failures . He then dwelt long and eloquently upon the advantages of union , expressing delight at the auspicious commencement of their labour at the John-street Institution , showing that if this union was effected , they would be prepared to take advantage of the struggle which would speedily
take place on the continent . The public mind on the continent was a century in advance of that h ? this country upon questions of Social Reform , and it was only by the military force that they were enabled to keep it in abeyance . He had working with him a young man who had been seven months confined in a prison in France , and when released no evidence was brought against him ; such a state of things would not long be endured ; and he implored them to unite and be prepared for the struggle , which sooner or later must come . Mr . Thos . Wall , in an excellent speech , supported the views advocated by the lecturer . Messrs . Thurston , Hornby , Dent , Wilkins , and Wheeler , also addressed the audience . Votes of thanks were given to
the lecturer and the chairman , and the meeting separated . . Metbopolitan Delegate Council . —In consequence of the meeting of the Conference at Johnstreet , on . Sunday afternoon , this body assembled at seven o'clock , at the King and Queen , Foleystreet , PortJand-place . Mr . Stallwood was called to the chair . A letter was read from Mr . Fletcher , the secretary , excusing his non-attendance . . Reports were received from theWhittington and Cat , in favour of establishing a Chartist Circular ; also from the Finsbury Crown and Anchor , and other localities , but expressing a doubt as to the council having sufficient means at its command to carry it into successful operation . The delegate
from Limehouse applied to the council for aid , in appointing speakers for the forthcoming public meeting , and also for securing a supply of lecturers . An appeal was made from the Greenwich locality , to assist them in meeting the expenses of prosecuting Mr . Addis for . breach of agreement , in refusing the use of the academy , for . Chartist lectures and public meetings . The delegates were instructed to lay the subject" before their localities . Arrangements were discussed , respecting the getting up of a public supper to Ernest Jones upon his return to the metropolis ; the delegates were instructed to inquire into the probable number that would attend from their respective localities . ^ The Council then adjourned ,, to meet at the same time and place next Sunday evening ... Thb Chartist Metbopolitan Delegate Council
has issued the following address : —' . " -. ' . . - " to the working men of the metropolis . . - " Bbothebs , — Ignorance isone of the . barriers to the liberty of the people . The unintelligent be ,-come the prey' and the 'tool * of the scholastic domineering class of the day ; the ingenious capabilities of the working men are used by the craftiness of this class for their own purpose and support ,- , or . otherwise they have been crushed ,, left unprotected , and uncultivated—no scope nov encouragement given ; and why ? because , were you educated as you should be , were your intellectual faculties cultivated-bunion Would spring up with fresh . vigour , tyranny and tyrants , despotism and despots , would ro t and crumble into dust—liberty
and justice would rise predominant oyer the ashes of slavery ! And well do our oppressors know this ; and , as it oftentimes has been said , so do we believe that it is to their interest to keep the people ignorant , to support them in their lustful habits of idleness . But , only let the working men know the value of themselves ; only let the noble faculties of the mind expand themselves , and that moment would the spirit of free inquiry establish itself ; truth would float in tranquillity in the wide space ; no longer would man submit to the present state of society . Then , working menj ye must think and study . The winter is fast approaching—the time which would he spent in the enjoyment of Summer ramblinga , can now be spent in the promulgation of principles , and in the cultivation and
improvement of bur minds . We . can do this ourselves . Institutions have been founded , bearing the name of 'Mechanics' ; ' but the mechanics are not found there , —aristocratic power controls their conductorship . But , working men , you can form your own ' Mutual Instruction Societies . ' The knowledge of tho intellectual portion of our order must be given for the enlightenment and instruction of each other —each mind conveying its own sentiments . From your own libraries of your own works , interchange book for book , have reading rooms open , supplied with your own papers , form your discussion classes to investigate subjects of importance , an « i to promulgate our principles . Again , we eay ^ use your spare time in the improvement of your own minds and the minds of others ; nourish an a encourage education whilst promoting tho cau / . of Chartism .
The Executive Committee Of The National ...
Brothers , in this way ye can mutually instruct your ' selves in your various bodies , and at a small cost , | andm . nnion . with our localities , and thereby greatly aid the cause , and bring about the more speedy and substantial obtainment of the Charter . On the part ef the Council , on f „ m „ T W * 4 : FjraicnEB . J . J . Brisck . 26 , Golden Lane , Barbican . " CITV Chahtist Hall , Golden-lanb .-A public £ ii & ^ ! Monday ^ gat . ^ t oo above JTu heeler having been called to thochair , ? h . % , busines 8 in a speech of considerable i ? Thof" 7 ^ - Leno moved ihe following resolution : inai wis meeting views with satisfaction the immense progress which the friends of agrarian reform are making in America , and the increased attention given to the subject by politicians in this
country . Mr . Leno read extracts from the Young American paper , confirmatory of the truth expressed in the resolution . The right and title to man ' s existence was the possession of the soil ; and he was convinced that they could never have a successful organlsation of labour until they had possession of the land . . Until they had possession of the raw material of wealth , they must ever continue slaves to those who held it , and competition would continue tp prostrate labour at the " feet of capital . —Mr . Elliott , in a speech ef considerable ability , seconded the resolution , which , having been supported by Messrs . Wheeler and Flanagan , was unanimously adopted . —Mr . Bezer moved a vote of thanks to the chairman , and the meeting dissolved .
Tillicoultby . —On the 4 th inst ., Mr . Ernest Jones delivered a lecture in the new Independent Chapel , to a densely crowded audience . The lecture lasted for nearly two hours , and gave the greatest satisfaction . A few questions were asked at the conclusion , and answered to the full satisfaction of the querist , amid the applause of the audience . After the lecture , Mr . Jones made an appeal to the meeting , on behalf of Thomas Jones , still incarcerated in Tothill-fields Prison , because of the non-payment of his fine . The appeal was responded toby the spontaneous subscription of £ I Cs . Mr . Robinson was in the chair , and after a vote of thanks to Mr . Jones and the Chairman , the meeting separated . Shbmield . —On Sunday , October 6 th , the council held their weekly meeting in the Democratic Temperance Hotel , 33 , Queen-street—Mr . Hague in tho chair . Mr . Royston moved , and Mr . Whaley seconded— " That the Northern Star and other
democratic publications be read aloud every Sunday evening , commencing at seven o'clock "—Carried unanimously . The council then adopted an address to the Sheffield Chartists , urging the necessity of union , and declaring while they would not oppose , directly or indirectly , any section of reformers , they would maintain their long cherished principles whole and entire . The following are the names of the council : — Morton Royston , Henry Milner , William Cavill , Thomas Ash , Henry Flanagin , Thomas Hague , James Whaley , Charles Clayton , Aaron Higginbottom , Nathan Robinson , Thomas Rooke , Richard Buck , Financial Secretary ; George Cavill , Secretary ; John Allinson , Treasurer . Manchester . —A members' meeting was held in
the People's Institute , on Sunday , October 6 th , when Mr . O'Connor ' s letter was read from the iVort / tern Star of the . Sth inst ,, recommending that , a Conference should be held in Manchester oh some early day . A resolution was passed approving of the suggestion of that gentleman , believing that it would do a great amount of good to the cause of Chartism , and recommending to the localities through England , Scotland , and Wales , that the said Conference should be held in Manchester on the first day of January , 1851 . This being a holiday , but little time would be lost by the working classes , and it would be about six weeks before the assembling of Parliament . Nottingham . —On Sunday last Mr . Kydd addressed
a meeting on the Forest , in the afternoon . . Subject —" Democracy at home and abroad . " The weather proving very unfavourable , the meeting was adjourned until six o ' clock in the evening , to the Large Room , at the Seven Stars . At the appointed time , Mr . Sweet was unanimously called upon to preside , and briefly opened the meeting . Mr . Kydd then delighted an overflowing audience for nearly two hours , by giving a most elaborate and talented exposition of foreign and home politics . Tho lecturer was listened to throughout with the deepest attention . At the close a unanimous vote of thanks was awarded to him and the chairman . —On the same evening , at eight o ' clock , Dr . N . Frith , one of the Yorkshire victims , addressed a very numerously
attended meeting in the Large Room , at the Eagle Tavern , Mr . Sweet again presiding . The subject selected was—" The wrongs of Hungary . " After depicting the horrible treatment to which the brave Hungarians had been subjected by that blood-thirsty tyrant , Haynau , and eulogising the noble Kossuth and his com-patriots , a vote of thanks was awarded to him , and also to the chairman . On Monday evening , Mr . Kydd again lectured at the Seven Stars . Mr . Sweet being elected chairman , stated , that he had no doubt his friend , Mr . Kydd , would enlighten them upon a very important subject , namely : "Labour—its nature and destiny . " The lecturer , who evidently had given the subject of his discourse much consideration , entered fully into this all-engrossing topic , basing his arguments upon scriptural grounds , viz .: "He that will not work , neither shall he eat ; " showing that labour was not only honourable to all men , but beneficial to health
and prosperity . He opined that at no distant day , capital , skill , and labour would be combined , and a thorough organisation of labour would take place ; and when men were placed , by such circumstances surrounding them , above want , or fear of it , its high destiny would bo fulfilled . Under present arrangements , those who toiled the most fared the worst , while those who were the most idle and least deserving lived luxuriously . It is impossible to do justice to the ennobling sentiments uttered by the lecturer , suffice it to say , that after an address of two hours' duration he closed his lecture , amidst the cheers of a highly intelligent audience . ^— -On Tuesday evening , the mayor having granted Mr . Sweet the use of the Town Hall , Mr . Kydd again lectured , taking for his subject : "Revolutionstheir cause and effects . " The meeting did not terminate until eleven o ' clock . —[ A report of this meeting will be given next week . ]—All the meetings have been well attended .
Middlesex Sessions. A Despebate Woman.—E...
MIDDLESEX SESSIONS . A Despebate Woman . —Eleanor Bennett , a fierce determined-looking woman , aged 22 , was indicted for having threatened the life of Miss Isabella Grace Mountford , the school mistress' of Bethnal-gveen workhouse . The defendant when called upon to p lead took no notice of the question at first , but on its being repeated , she exclaimed ( her voice-being precisely lise the screech of an' owl , ) "Oh , I'll tell her , I'll give it her again if its years to come , that's what I've got to say , and what do you think of it old fellow ; " and then made an attempt to pull off her shoe , wherewith to assault the prosecutrix , or anybody who might bo near her . As she refused to plead , tho case was proceeded with as if she had pleaded not guilty . The prisoner , it appeared , had
slept the greater part of her life alternately in the metropolitan prisons and the Bethnal-green workhouse . On the 29 th of September she was an inmate of tho latter establishment , and on that day she was assisting the storekeeper in the dining-hall , when the school-mistress , who happened to be there , discovered some victuals concealed in a desk . The prisoner was highly indignant at her asking who placed it there , and in an outburst of fury made an unsuccessful attempt to strike her With an earthenware dish ; she ^ declared that she would not be foiled the next time , and that she would soon find an opportunity for the gratification of her revenge . The same afternoon as Miss Mountford was passing along one of the corridors ,
tho prisoner rushed after her with a tin pannikin and was about to" strike her with it on . the head when one of tho teachers of the male school ranup and . prevented her doing so ; The prisoner then threatened to stick a —— knife into her tho first time she had a chance , and there being very little doubt but that she would carry that threat into execution on the first opportunity she was given into custod y . During the examination of the witnesses the ' prisoner made repeated attempts to take off her shoe , and she resisted the officer to that degree when he was preventing her , that an additional one was put in tho dock . Throughout the case she was continuall y interposing with the most dreadful exclamations one of which may be taken as a sample of the whole . When asked what she had to say to the charge , she said ; " Do what you like—it ' s all
—« lies , and 111 biirya- — knifo in hor body yet . I will d—h her and all -of you ; I'll give it her if its for year i to come . " She was found Guilty . Mr . Ajar , the medical officer to tho workhouse , thought the prisoner was perfectly sane . It was then shown that tho prisoner had been once convicted in this court and once at the Old Bailey for feiony , and no less than seven times by police magistrates for smashing windows and other wilful damage . She was sentenced to a month ' s imprisonment , and to find two sureties in £ 10 to keep the peace for six months . Articles of tho peace were then exhibited against her under which she was ordered to find two further-sureties for a further period of six monthB , ; ftnd to be imprisoned until such sureties were given . - The prisoner was then removed , and as she wji & cd away she repeated her diabolical threats with the most awful oaths . ¦
; M. Potevin Made Bis Ascent On Thursday...
; M . Potevin made bis ascent on Thursday , from the Hippodrome , Paris , mounted on the back of an ostrich , amidst the cheers of an immense concourse of persons assembled ; A CHEMisT'bf Lorieht , named Lagrange , has , after fifteen yfer ' s' ' experiments ^ brought to perfection a new kind of shell , which , when it strikes any object , bursts with dreadful force , tearing to pieqeR ' flYerytbingneariV
National Association Op United Trades. T...
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OP UNITED TRADES . T . S . Duncombb , Esq ., M . P ., President . Established 1845 , " mi jcstitia . " binin ' « r !; * r 5 ble 1 f 0 r the worki"g cJass <" . i > y com rToftES ? t hem 8 ^ ' to ^ se , or keep up the general fh nJ ^ r & ? : A - i ^ "y 8 aid Omttht would he a thing not to be punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced tStuaet Mux .
_ In strict accordance with our last week ' s predic tion , the first detachment of the Wolverhampton men who were , upon the advice of the Central ' Committee , transferred to London , have , in the course of tlie week , obtained employment ; and a second batch , ere this article is in the hands of our members , will be in the London market , where their known usefulness will , no doubt , soon find customers . As one of the natural consequences of the insane
proceedings of the Perry clique , we are Informed that one of the largest firms in London are making extensive preparations to commence the manufacture of "Bright work , " a branch of the trade hitherto almost confined to Wolverhampton . How this arrangement will suit Messrs . E . Perry and Fearncombe we leave them to decide on ; but of this we are quite certain , that the prices which will be paid in London to " bright workmen" will be altogether a different price to even "our book . " ?
The strike may be said to be terminated . The Central Committee how know the utmost extent of their liabilities . Erery independent man has withdrawn from the obnoxious shops , and the few whom Perry holds by his disgraceful bonds have served him with notice to quit , and will quit as their notices expire . ^ It is true that we have not , and may not , induce Mr . Edward Perry to accept our book ; . be is so obstinate ; but it is equally true , that the golden visions of the Peruvian and Californian trade , for which he told us he was making such extensive preparations , will aoon , if they have not already , assume the com . plexion of a pleasant dream , as beautiful and as evanescent .
It has been reported to us , that Mr . E . Perry complains of the measures which the men ' have thought it necessary to adopt to protect themselves from the effects of his injustice ; . that he querulously complains that the " steam should bepiut ' upon him . " It is a position he invited himself into , with the same egotism as when he invited himself into the chair at the Swan Hotel , at the meeting of the masters , in virtue of bis position as being the most extensive manufacturer of his trade in the town . He at that time employed exactly three men more than either of his neighbours . But , alas ! for the uncertainty of human affairs , even that small honour , so gratifying to his large self-esteem , has departed from him . He is no longer the triton of the trade , but must , we believe , for some time , content himself with
a third , or even a fourth rate position . Whatever inconvenience may arise to these gentlemen from this affair is entirely their own seeking ; we strove strenuously to prevent it . . We pointed to an equitable and honourable solution of the difficulty . They all know : our sincerity in those efforts , and they know also the illiberal spirit with which our exertions were met . They know they came to that Conference predetermined to concede nothing . Mr . E . Perry played the dictator , arid Mr . Fearncombe the lobadil , at these meetings ; we endured the infliction for two days / and could no longer submit either ourselves or our men to the arrogance of the one , or the vulgar abuse of the other . All conciliatory measures having thus failed , there was but one course open to the men , and that was , to make a book for themselves , and insist upon its adoption .
Mr . Perry says , that men have a right , individually * to bargain as to wages , but not collectively . We beg to correct : Mr . Perry . Men have a right , collectively , to set a price upon their labour—just the same right as the iron masters have , at their quarterly meeting , to set a price upon their iron . A more clearly defined and better established right does not exist , and it is the only equitable and effective mode by which the wages' question can be dealt with . This individual bargain-making has been the bane and ruin of the working classes . It is the " National Curse . " " ¦ " ;
This nation never did , or can prosper , upon low wages . It is an absurdity . National prosperity can alone be based upon national happiness , and that is incompatible with low wages—the fruitful source of poverty , vice , and crime . We beg to assure Mr . Perry , that however rich and prosperous low wages may have made , or may make him , and his class , they are not the nation . Is an illustration wanted of what low Wages will do ? Look at Ireland , with its wretched serfs , its miserable , benighted , famine-stricken slaves , the keenest
satire upon our national greatness > ' the inexpiable opprobrium to our boasted civilisation , and ! the disgrace and infamy of . British Statesmanship and of British Legislation . And this is the condition to which the Perrys and other tyrants of trade , and the hellish system they advocate , would reduce the British labourer to . But no , while we live , while we can use our tongue , or wield our pen , we will fearlessly denounce the inferna } system , and the heartless tyrants who , for their own selfish ends , patronise and perpetuate it .
Individual efforts to regulate wages are sheer nonsense . What possible chance can a poor , famishing , ignorant man , have with an astute , crafty capitalist ? It can only be compared to a lamb bargaining with a wolf . Like Perry ' s agreements , all the penalties would be on one side , and all the benefits on the other . No , no , Mr . Perry , no more of your individual contracts . Meet us in a spirit of equity and fairness . We do not begrudge you your profits ; do not you seek to rob us of our wages . We care not two
straws at what price you sell your goods , but we have a right to live , and not to starve , from the fruits of our labour . And if we cannot accomplish this by individual , or even sectional effort , which all past experiense proves , why , then , there is but one other remedy , and that is , National Organisation ; and , though Mr . Perry may deem it dangerous and pernicious , we tell him it is the glorious sheet anchor which can alone prevent labour drifting to leeward , and becoming a ¦ complete wreck upon the rocks of ill-regulated , insatiable capital .
We know the difficulty , the extreme difficulty , of indoctrinating the masses with a theory so comparatively new—so opposed to their past experience and , in many cases , so repugnant to their prejudices and habits . We saw these difficulties at the threshold of the movement , and . knowing them , bravely dared them , and pronounced our determination to overcome them ; we have struggled to do so , and we will still struggle on in our glorious mission , and as surely as a continuous dripping of the softest element eats into the impenetrable stone , so . ; surely shall we , \ ff perseverance and uncompromising integrity , carve out' for bur , movement a passage through the ignorance ,
prejudices , and stone-like apathy of our suffering brethren . And , in our estimation , to enjoy this high privilege , of being humble instruments in working out so necessary and so nationally a beneficial revolution , confers more honour upon us than could be found in possessing the wealth of Ciobsus , if that wealth were the fruits of the wringings , squeezings and extortions , from the scanty , pittance which the morality and honesty of capital awards to its elder brother labourers . Reflect , Mr . Perry , upon these things ; do just take a retrospective glance over the past—the past e ght years . How have you bnilt up your fortune ?—out of whose sinews—out of whose sweat—out of whose
expenditure of health and life?—Your workmen . Draw up your retrospect to the . present time , and ponder upon poor Hallet—the wretched ,, rheumatic Hallet ; think upon . Haynes , — . fancy . bis honest face upon the tread-wheel for an absence-of three hours from ibis work , and the disgraceful proposition you made to him while in prison . Think upon the men whom you now hold against their will , in basest bonds , arid then reflect , that by such means you have realised a fortune : think , sir , of these things , and then go to ' supper with what appetite you may . We would not change places with such a man for all the gold of California . We grow daily more proud of our Association . We know thai at this time thousands of our fellow workmen arc watching ;
with an almost breathless attention , the issue o this struggle . We know' also , and Mr . Perrj knows it too , that victory ia ours , and that victory officially announced , lifts our movement into per petuity . It will become one of the great facta o the times , and we shall have the Thundere belching out bis fires at our unfortunate heads What a glorious thing it is that we are not livinj under a French Republic , surrounded by Imperii Institutions . M , fellow workmen ,: an Associate Umverselk is not yet iprosciibsd by British law and if you are true to yourselves , it never will to The VI . Geo . IV ., Cap . 129 , is our Palladium ; reai it , study it , and learn from it the valuable privilege it confers upon you , and prepare yourselves to us
National Association Op United Trades. T...
those privileges wisely and rationally . It point to you a clear and 6 *» eh path by which to escape from 'n " U 8 tnal bondage , and believe us , when we tell vo that this grand desideratum * achieved , you are then in the high road to political freedom . No intellige nt united people , were ever , or can be , enslaved . We said , last week ,-That for a nation to befree . it was enough that it wills it ; " we offered a few explanatory words upon that well-worn adage , and we said , and say still , lhat a national organisation of the working classes must be the basis from which
alone this national will must spring . Give us , then our organisation , and we will free you from Industrial and Social bondage , and yon can then , almost without an effort , demand and have Political Free dom . We have the satisfaction of announcing , that Mr . Winter , a member of the Central Com , mittee , stationed , at present , in Wolverhampton , to watch over and regulate the Wolverhampton strike , visited , last week , the Sadlers of Walsa ) , who came to a unanimous resolution of joining , forthwith , the National Association of United Trades .
Mr . Green will , on Saturday evening next , attend a delegate meeting of the Carpet Weaving firms of Kidderminster , where the important question will be discussed—how far working all night is conducive to the health , happiness , and morality of working men , and whether such a system is to be tolerated ? We trust not . We have always been strong advocates for a Ten Hours Bill , and wish to see our members everywhere insist upon it , which they can readily dp , without Legislative enactment , by union . The 6 th Geo . IV ., cap . 129 , gives them the right and the power .
We have great pleasure in soliciting from the Editor of the ' Star '— -truly the working man ' s paper —the insertion of the following admirable letter , received within these few days from the Tailors of Kilmarnock , an old , staunch , and valuable body of this movement . It contains the opinion of tome of Scotia ' s sons upon passing events . William . Peel , Sec . Kilmarnock , September 25 . Dear Sir , —Enclosed you trill find a 1 ' ost-offlce order for i 3 10 s ., being £ 210 s in support of the strike fund , and the remaining £ 1 as our current levies . You will , no doubt ,, expect our opinion regarding the operations of the Central Committee in regard to the Wolverhampton Tin Plate Workers . I may state , that the manner in which
the Central Committee have conducted this affair , has all along given the greatest amount of . satisfaction to u ; while we have watched . thearrogance of that evidently consummate hypocrite , Perryj in his endeavours to force the men to bow to his dictum with loathing and disgust . We have admired tho calm determination of the Central Committee in still keeping the one grand object of the strike in the foreground . This Perry has stood out in hold relief to Illustrate what unscrupulous capitalists are at all times prepared to perpetrate upon disunited labour . Shall this , then , he the last lesson that capital will have to read to labour ? ff ill the working classes of this kingdom prepare themselves to meet this still growing monster ? Or when .
at any future time , the fiat of golden omnipotence shall go forth , will they he found , as heretofore , vainly battling , individually , or sectionally , until they , perceiving the error of such a ' course when too late , find themselves so torn and lacerated by the monster , that to collect the at present available elements , which , if rightly directly , would check and finally overthrow it , will have become impossible ? Let us hope , for the credit , as well as for the benefit of the working classes of Britain , that they will not so far neglect all that appertains to their welfare . In a word , let them prove their faith in their own strength , and the vital principles of association , by at once becoming members of the National Association of United Trmles .
I remain , dear sir , yours sincerely , William Smceb , Secretary To Mr . William Peel .
The Great Seizure Op Stolen Plate Aim Je...
THE GREAT SEIZURE OP STOLEN PLATE Aim JEWELLERY IN THE CITY . Mr . Sirrell , the silversmith of Barbican , and the two men , Macauley and Maguire , concerning whose apprehension , the two latter open a charge of stealing , and tho former of feloniously receiving a vast amount of silver plate , were brought up before the county magistrates at Liverpool , on Thursday week , and remanded . The value of the seizure upon Mr . Sirrell ' s premises was between 430 , 000 and £ 60 , 000 . . Mr . Sirrell was one of the largest purchasers of silver and jewellery in the metropolis , probably in the kingdom , and the house was well known in the trade as giving the best price . He never attended public sales , but bought very largely of the small dealers who did , and it was well known amongst them that they could with confidence send their plate to him , and depend upon getting the highest value it could produce in the market . Since his apprehension the shop has been closed . Notwithstanding the apparently fair system of business , it is notorious that
the police have constantly had their eye upon it * and whenever a large robbery of plate was- known , immediate caution was given to Mr . ' Sirrell not to purchase any , Mr . Sirrell ' s answer ,, however , was , that be gave a fair value to all , and that he could not use more discretion than he had all along shown . Crucibles were daily in operation at-the house , and therefore he had more than ordinary facilities for destroying the identity © f silver . Some idea of the extent of hia business may be formed from the circumstance that when he was informed that he must proceed to Liverpool , he inquired of his clerk what cash he would want , for he would only be away a few days or so . The clerk said £ 1 , 400 might do , and Mr . Sirrell accordingly gave him a check for that amount , to meet the shop's disbursements . Amongst the articles found in the shop was some plate bearing the crest of the Duke of Buckingham , and it is thought that he bought i § of the dealers who attended the Stowe sale .
It is said that the prisoner Macauley is well known to the Liverpool officers , and has been in custody several times . He was tried at the last assizes on a charge of being concerned in a robbery , but the prosecutor failed in making out a case for conviction . He is the son of a man ef some property , who died a short time since , bub left him nothing , in consequence , it is said , of bis dissipated habits . He is a very good-looking man , and dresses in remarkably good style . It is also said that M'Guire is well known to the police in Liverpool , but he has hitherto been fortunate enough to elude justice , never having been in custody before . He is also a very well looking man , and , until lately , has kept a public-house ia Liverpool . He is repeated to be worth at least
£ 3 , 000 . The piece of paper , with the name and address of this prisoner enclosed in one of the parcels , has been identified as his own handwriting . The arrest of Mr . Sirrell appears likely to bring to light robberies of an important character in London and elsewhere .. Although only a few hours have elapsed since the plate and jewels found upon the premises were removed to- Scotland-yard , already two owners of purloined articles have identified their property among the stock of , Mr . Sirrell . Mr . Argent , of the Rainbow Tavern , Fleet-street , attended in Scotland-yard on Monday , and in a very short time recognised plate belonging to himself , from which the mark had been almost obliterated .. Mr . Lovegrove . of the London Coffee-house , has
also claimed some spoons and forks ; and the proprietor of Dolly ' s chop-house , in Paternoster-row ,, has been communicated with on the subject of some articles supposed to have been stolen from his coffee-room . The- Officers of the London and Liver pool police continue to . avail themselves of the electric telegraph ,, and frequent communications pass to and fro daily . On Monday evening it : was ascertained that a . pair of saltcellars , forming a portion of the plate sent to Mr . Sirrell by-Maguire on Wednesday , were stolen , with ; Mother properly , from the house of Mrs . Tinley , No . 4 ,. Peelrstreet ; Liverpool , on tho night of the 28 th nit . Mr . Sirrell has , it is said , retained Mr . Montague Chambers to watch the case on his behalf . .
The investigation of the charge against- Sirrel was resumed on Tuesday morning ; the court was densely crowded . The prosecutor was first examined , and detailed the circumstances connected , with the robbery . Several witnesses were afterwards examined , amongst them Inspector . Keogh , of tho detective force in this town , who spoko to the circumstances connected with-the apprehension of the prisoner SirrelL at his place of business , in Barbican , London . Mr . Lewis , solicitor * , of London , and Mr . Simon , barrister , : having addressedithe court on behalf of their respective clients , the prisoners were : remanded till Tuesday next . ' ' - ^
Incendiarism In The Counj^ Ob- Down.—The...
Incendiarism in the Counj ^ ob- Down . —The Belfast } l 7 iig contains an alarming , account of the > destruction lt by fire of three dweJiing-houses an & i some out-offices within tho past week , which were maliciously set on fire , and totally consumed . . Singing Mouse . —One of these extraordinary ^ little animals is now in the possession of Mr . Make-, peace , one of the lay clerks . ofiilochestevCathedrai . Mr . Makepeace was attracted by its noise , and succeeded in trapping it . \ It chiefly sings in the evening ,, but it can be heard occasionally through the day . ; The notes are not . unlike those of the linnet . The Water GAS . « -r , The spirited corporation of Manchester are at present allowing the erection of "White ' s apparatus , ou their works , to t ry the
economy ot converting their immense pro duction of tar into gas . by its means ; -and the result of this trial will pretty much decide the merits of it . — Mining Journal , . . ' - ' 1 ' Municipal Electobs .- —The number of municipal electors on the burgess-roll of each , corporate ; city and borough in ' England and W »^ Kt . 9 ft i 47 l return issued on Monday to be 213 , 662 ; viz , 206 . 474 in England , and 7 , 178 in Wales . -, ¦ . -: .... „ ErisooPACV in : CAtiFORNiA . The ^ piscopahans in California ; have succeeded . in organising a diecea . 5 " tKTchurcb , adopting constitutions , canons , and rules of orders and have elected Dr . Soutbgate . formerly a missionary bishop for Constantinople ! »» their prelate . , ., t , Gcms for the decrepid mouth are now bejpgum npiactured from gutta perehao
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 12, 1850, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_12101850/page/5/
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