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MTjnrtea yonstana, '" ahM&JO TfiiIL w: ;- 1 ': : jo ^;v7oSma pLAisES; ;^
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^^S^eil^^^>m ^^Sisposition ^ua ain no^ t...
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Robberies ox the Istdmcsof Paxama.—The f...
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77 5z?k-<?sse^^:^ '-. • >, »^f"W«'jiv-Vr...
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AND NATIONAL TEiliI11ffiSAL;; "" ?";r
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fOLM. P.65L LONDON; SATOMU = — T=-^ — V ...
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Sabbath in Canada.—All auction sales of ...
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- Latkly, near Montrose, a housekeepers ...
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> T 1 ^ Vs if-
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poit^jMigastffl.ui i^. sC^^i bi ^^ S ^ T...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Mtjnrtea Yonstana, '" Ahm&Jo Tfiiil W: ;- 1 ': : Jo ^;V7osma Plaises; ;^
MTjnrtea yonstana , '" ahM & JO TfiiIL ; - ' : jo ^; v 7 oSma pLAisES ; ;^
^^S^Eil^^^>M ^^Sisposition ^Ua Ain No^ T...
^^ S ^ eil ^^^> m ^^ Sisposition ^ ua ain no ^ tha ^ very ^ T pn 0 U | h , and have nerve enongh-to ** f 0 ^ 3 the reason s I rejoice at ^^ Sto communicate my sentiments and ^ !! because in my soul , and in my feelings « , e m upon gre of <* ^ 2 st crisis that eyer England vntr the great * - " I "Sj ; Government of thiscounfrj'wasnever f ^ bh a position as it is at the present & £ t- and its only hope of regaining ff 0 fflSh ' and holding power , is based upon the ^ " that disunion , which I am sorry to ^^ nowhreaMng outr-not amongst your say » . amongst those who wish to assume
* TpadersHp of tuat oraer . TploY neither sp ies nor detectives , whib ] - rfheless the under-current work generally " lies my «*'» kndit ® VeS me P ™ not Si selfish motives , but from the deep in--t that I have ever felt in your cause , to * f ** ^ t a set of vile rapscallions , living in Sfmetwpolis , are worldng Heaven and earth , Tflni aht and day , to see how they can best j ! + « , v the political influence of Feakgus ^ Xo k . But , to this interested gang of consp irators , 1 say : — Goaie one , come aD , this rock shall fly , . From its finn base as soon as I
Men of the Provinces , for yearsl have told von . that when you were up and doing , the £ Z f the metropolis were inactive and apa-SScj wlnle lhave recently expressed my joy Se newvigour that has heeninfused into ¦ t rmetropolftan -hive ,. -and I still rejome m Sat resuscitation , whUe my reason for ad-Sing 7 ° » •»* them ' is to r & ore of ? US to aBow themselves to he led away by * tt £ 3 ta i have I told you , that every
florernment has basedlts power upon popular Son ? And if you have read the account of IS meeting that has recently taken . place JSSr Yort , and which - ^ reporte ^ I mfte Jftbam of last wee * , you wdl find that these national Eguabbles are not confined toany particular country ; but find their way across the Atlantic . At the meeting to which I refer , there was not only a squabble , but a regular fi < rht between the Irish emigrants—one party Sending for the DUFFY ALLIANCE
Principle , and the other party lortne princi ples adop ted by the purely democratic party in Ireland , so faithfully and abl y represented by the Irishman ; and to prove to you the fact , that vour disunion has been the strength of the Government , I g ive you the following pithy extract from the speech of a man named TTalsH , delivsred at that meeting . Here it is : — "Mviathernever followed poTitiesIleaders intiris counh-v thonsh his house and his purse were opened to every Irishman * ; and that is one reason why I P *™*!™* ^ mfl « i ermrfv . soHUess demagogues . { A Voice- That ' s
Se talk / and great cheering . ) . The Irish people ^ are KUnndlyimpetnons , andaU the * faults are seen m their SsTwhile £ eir voices are hidden from the-world . We have it upon official record , ihat at least one-half ^ ofthe heroes « ho Wed and died atDela Palma , anuother bloody 5 dds in Mexico , were Irishmen ; and we know that twothirds of those who tore the stars and stripes victorious over the embattled heights of the foe , were Irishmen . ( Tremendous cheering . ) » knot then , the wart . ofnateral courage that has defeated Irishmen , but the want of mnoa . ( Ilear . )
Xow , after long experience , this man truly tells you , that the want of union , and not the want of national courage , has destroyed Ireland ; and I as truly repeat—for the onethousandth time—that the want of union , and not the want of courage , has destroyed popular princip les in England . I learn that some poor gentlemen , who are too proud to work , andtoopoor tolive without labour , were mortally stung by my denunciation of anv attempt , on the part of the Chartists of this country , to contend for a Republican form of government , in my speech
delivered at the John-street Institution , on Tuesday week last . But I not only reiterate every sentence in that speech , but I go further ^ and inform the poor gentlemen , that , being very unwell at the time , nothing would havemduced me to attend the meeting but that very object , namely , to take the winkers off the eyes of the working classes , and not to allow them to be led blindfold out of the highroad of truth , into the quagmire of folly and nonsense . And I again repeat , that if tomorrow I had the power of establishing a form of government in a newly-colonised country ,
that form of government should be a Republic ; while neither self-vanity or ambition , or the threat of desertion , or slander , should ever induce me to relapse from along-established Monarchy to a Republic . Get the Charter to-morrow , and when the power behind the throne is greater than the throne itself , and when the laws for the people are made by the people , then monarchy will smell as sweet as Republicanism . And in
conclusion , let me , in the name of God , in the name of justice , in the name of common sense , implore of yon to keep the one iron , the Charter , in the fire alone ; and do not , for the one hundreth time , be led away by the interested folly of interested speculators , when your onl y reward will he , as of yore , philanthropic appeals to defend and support not your victims , bnt the victims of the poor gentlemen . Your faithful and uncompromising" Advocate , Feakgus O'Cossoe .
Robberies Ox The Istdmcsof Paxama.—The F...
Robberies ox the Istdmcsof Paxama . —The following is an extract from the Jamaica Horning Journal , which arrived by the last West India steamer : —" The Altd California , of the 31 st of December , mentions , on the authority of passengers by the last steamer , that the natives on the Isthmus have not maintained their character for honesty , which was their distinguishing trait when the immigration across the Isthmus first commenced . They have ceased , that paper says , to consider honesty a politic principle , and have recently committed " several robberies . One gentleman was
stripped of a considerable amount of money . He tras with others in a canoe , managed by natives , who maie it fast to a bank at a certain point of the river , went up to a hut , and returned soon after , accompanied by a number of others , and robbed the Americans cf all their Valuable property . We also learn that a box of gold dust , shipped by the October steamer , by a mercantile house here ( San Francisco ) , was opened , and 500 ounces abstracted . It Js supposed to hare been stolen upon the Isthmus ; hat we are inclined to think . that no native performed the job . We think it would he well for
persons crossing the Mhmus at this time , with any considerable amount of money , to provide themselves with arms , as they mig ht be necessary . Even the severe and effective measures of the ruler ° f £ ? TPt cannot prevent robberies on the Isthmus of Suez , for only a month or two since two hexes of setters belonging to the Indian mail were lost in crossing that isthmus , and have not yet been recovered . Perhaps this might be under the influence of such a gentle hint as ilehemet All , -when a portion of the Indian mail was lost some years since , held out- to the Arab mail guide , whom he threatened to u > ake a head shorter if the letter
lioxvs were not forthcoming . If the Isthmus of Suez be not always safe , the Isthmus of Panama sanely cannot be , without great care and supervision . " TVe would not exactly recommend Slehemet -Aii ' s strong measure ,. but . it behoves both the BritishandAiaerican governments to see that increased precautions are taken , as the traffic across tha great liurhway from the Atlantic to the Pacific iacreases . The valuable mails between England aud ibe Pacing and millions of money belonging to f ^ lish merchants , are now sent across the Panama Bthmas ; and thousands of parsons and gold of ^ 'li cense value , belonging to America , also cross * - « : fcilravus . Ti : c objecUn drawing the attention < n xae British and American covernnients to these tocts is , that the stable docrmav be locked before the norse is stolen" * /
It is related , ia reference to the late gunpowder explosion at 1 Iouus 1 o-. t . that some years ago one of the partner eatcrhvr f : lcJ ' suddeDf y > found S ' ^ SDdiai ? a P P « - The man thrust it door 1 -r oS T prbci P &™ a M » the wit h tt ^ ll ' the P ° wder d «* t with wind , tie man a clothes were saturated United and he , was severely burnt . Subsequently the S Jj fajj Bp in the establishment *? ^
Robberies Ox The Istdmcsof Paxama.—The F...
BRUNSWICK HALL , ROPE MAKERS FIELDS , LIMEHOTJSE . This Hall—which has been enlarged , much to the credit of the bod y of working men who are its conductors , and in which a co-operative store , doing an extensive business , is now carried on by the same management—was crowded to excess at a meeting under the auspices of the Provisional Committee of the National Charter Association , on Monday evening , A p ril 8 th , for the purpose of re-organising Chartism in Limehouse and its vicinity . Mr . Barnabd was called to the chair , and , in a few appropriate \ rords , opened the business of the evening .
, Mr . ErannsD Staixwoppu moved the first resolution , asfollows : — " Thatwhile thismeetingdeepl ydeploresthe dismembered conditioner the ultra-democratic compact , and the absence of that thoroughness of purpose so essential to success , it : recognises , notwithstanding , amidrtbe " scattered fragments ahd ' cohraisioh of party , the elements of progress and ultimate triumph , which , by judicious arrangement and concentration of purpose , may be made to achieve the emancipation of industry , and a full measure of justice for all . " Mr . Stallwood rose , warmly greeted , and said , the resolution he had the honour to submit was , some short
time since , entirely true ; but , by the exertions of the Provisional Committee , the " scattered fragments" were , in a great measure , gathered together ; and they already possessed more than one locality in the Tower Hamlets —one in the City of London—one in Marylebone—one in Finsbury—one in Westminster , and a second forming—and several others over the water , in South London . They were also about to hold a meeting in the suburban borough of Greenwich . Many of the most prominent provincial towns and cities had
likewise given in their adhesion . Scotland , . too , was actively re-organising ; and the attendance and enthusiasm at their meetings reminded him more of 1848 , than of any other period . ( Hear , hear . ) It would not be necessary for him to go into an exposition of the princip les of the Charter , as he had done so more than once or twice in that hallsuffice it to say , it conferred political power on the adult population , and gave protection and security to them in the exercise of that power . He was one of those who considered it
necessary that Labour should be directly represented in the House of Commons b y her own sons . ( Loud cheers . ) He ( Mr . Stallwood ) thought the Charter should be looked at simpl y as a means to an end , and that if they possessed it to-morrow , it would be of little use , unless they were prepared to apply it . For his part , he must confess he had a very great leaning towards " Communism "—and he thought it necessary that social questions should be discussed . ( Hear , hear . ) It could not be rig ht that Prince Albert should have £ 30 , 000 per year for merely performing the duties of a husband * . ( Hear , hear . ) Neither was it right that her Majesty should exact the enormous amount
of £ 385 , 000 per annum , or that "John Campbell "—now Lord Campbell—for it had been tritely observed , that these people " changed their names like thieves , " as though they did not wish to be known , should have £ 8 , 000 per annum for performing the functions of a judge , whilst mechanicswhose business was more difficult to learn—did not obtain more than—on an average—thirty shillings per week , or £ 75 per annum . ( Cries of " not that" ) Well , he would rather be over than under the average ; and he had seen , from the report of an inquest held at Ilounslow Heath , that men who worked at the dangerous occupation of making gunpowder—and it must take time and skill to fit them for the occupation—only received from 2 s . 4 d . to 4 s . per day . Sow these were glaring anomalies in their social state . As regarded taxation , he would
make it direct through a graduated property tax ; and then it would be the interest of the wealthy to minimise it , or reduce it to the lowest possible amount ; and this one tax answering every purpose , all others would be repealed . The repeal of the taxes on knowledge would throw such a flood of li g ht over the democratic horizon as would of itself enforce a great political and social change . ( Loud cheers . ) As property could not be looked at in any other light than as accumulated labour , the Property Tax should also be made to set to work the now compulsory idle , which mi g ht easily and profitably be done by means of the numerous royal forests . He would not cause any ill-feeling , by Liking away any of the property at present held by the wealthy classes , but he did think , common sense and justice said to the workmen , henceforth produce , consume , and enjoy . ( Great cheering . )
Mr . William 2 Jewton , in seconding the resolution , said , he agreed much with Mr . Stallwood , that unless the Charter was made the means of improving the social condition of the people it would be of little use . ( Hear , hear . ) This was the first meeting held in that locality for a considerable time , and he thought the improvements made in the hall , as well as the meeting itself , did great credit to its promoters . ( Loud cheers . ) He was delighted to hear the invitation thrown out by their chairman , to all sections to come forward and discuss the principles of the Charier . ( Hear , hear . ) It was of all things necessary that they should discuss the necessary remedial measures ; this was fullv shown by the results of events in a
neighbouring country , and hence , they ought at once to apply vrhat he called the educational portion of the subject . ( Loud cheers . ) He trusted no obstruction would be offered to any party of progress , even though they fell short of what that meeting demanded ,, and were justly entitled to . That there would be no arraying of section against section , but that they should all pull together in the cause of progress , until they achieved the great and mighty end they had in view . ( Cheers . ) For his part he did not think much of Financial Reform ; it was to political and social reform he looked for the accomplishment of their object . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . Newton again invoked unity , prudence , devotion ,, and zeal , in aid of the good cause , and sat down loudly applauded .
Mr . G . W . M . Hetxolds rose , loudly cheered , to support the resolution . They had been told by the preceding speakers that they had met that night to agitate for rig hts they did not possess . He contended that there was a time when there was no nobility save that of manhood : no Barons , Marquises , or Dukes , —( hear , hear , )—when each was as free as they came from the lauds of their creator . ( Hear , hear . ) Well , just suppose they went and formed a colony in the back woods , after clearing away the brushwood ; would not the first thing they did be to form a code of rules for their own government ? Well , then , it was as clear as daylight , that man was once his own law maker ;
and , it was equally clear , that man never voluntarily abandoned his rights and privileges , but that those rights and privileges had been wrested from Mm liy force and fraud . ( Loud cheers . ) They now found society so reduced that the toiler , after struggling from morning until night , had scarcely sufficient of the commonest necessaries of life wherewith to feed his wife and femily , whilst the voluptuous idler revelled in all the luxuries and elegancies of life . This state of things was not to be endured , and it was their duty to take such steps as should ensure a more equitable distribution . He did not wonder that the rich were opposed to Chartism ; to them it doubtless was a
destructive system ; it would destroy their gross tyranny and oppression , but it would elevate the people in the social scale . He l ooked to the Charter as the means of obtaining social privileges . ( Cheers ) He had just shewn them that laws preceded government ; tliis implied a constitution ; but he defied any one , even Lord John llussell himself , to point out or produce an English constitution . In fine , the alteration of triennial parliaments to septennial , ' was a proof that no such thing existed ; and it was ' nonsense to suppose that a corrupt House of Commons would reform itself . ( Cheers . ) True , they were told that they had King , Lords , and Commons , and that it is a nicely balanced affair— that it is an
excellent system of checks—that the Lords were a check upon the King—but how could it , when it was responsible to nobody ? ( Hear , hear . ) ' The term aristocracy meant the best—but he took it for granted , the aristocracy of the present day was the worst . ( Loud cheers . ) Ho should much like to know where the patent of aristocracy was to be found ? It appeared- to him to have originated in
Robberies Ox The Istdmcsof Paxama.—The F...
plunder and rapine . The aristocracy may be said to be divided into three parts : the first portion was established by William the Conqueror ; the second portion received their ori gin in the sale of their mother ' s charms to the monarch of the day . ( Hear , hear . ) Had any section of working men such a base origin ?—instead of showing their quartering * on shields , & c they would hang with very shame their diminished heads . ( Great cheering . ) The third portion owed their origin to the sale of their talents to the minister of the day . The third estate , ' the Commons , was supposed to constitute democracy . ( Laughter . ) Why , if such a balance did exist , it was the most contemptible of mockeries : but the democracy was not represented in the third estate —it was the aristocracy that exercised control
there . As to the Queen , he believed she knew nothing of the misery and wretchedness ef her people ; and if she did , and was to say , " I wish such and such laws to be passed for the benefit of nry people " he could imagine she would sooni be'told , by Lord John Russell , not to trouble herself with the affairs of the nation . ( Loud cheers . ) Well , then the aristocracy made a puppet of the sovereign , and grasped the power of the Commons ; and for the reason that democracy was hot there , they met to-ni ght to agitate for the Charter Now the Charter : was a real constitution . ( Loud cheers . ) The Charter was like a machine , it was imperfect if a single spoke was left out—it would be a limping , halting affair , and they would be almost as bad as if they had never possessed it . Just
suppose that they had the Suffrage without the Ballot . The church would step in with its thunder—the men of many acres would come in with their blustering threats , dsc , and ^ rhat a'hapless position would be their ' s without the protection of the Ballot , and had they both these something more would also be required . Mr . Newton had spoken of the Parliamentary Reformers ; but , although he ( Mr . Reynolds ) belonged to the council of that body , he did not altogether admire its programme . He had tried to alter it , and should again . He waited to see what Mr . Stallwood had so boldly and eloquently enunciated , namely , labour representing itself in the Commons House of Parliament ; and hence , he said , let Payment of Members prevail . He unhesitatingly told them , they never would have their just
rights untu they had the Charter , unmangled , unmutilated , whole and entire . ( Tremendous cheering . ) Sir Robert Peel was a clever genius in his way ; but , if he lost his property to-morrow , it was immediately supposed his talents and genius were gone , as he immediately lost his qualification ; now look at the other side ; take the most wretched , miserable , and ignorant being in existence , and suppose a shower of gold was to fall upon him , he is at once endowed with all the qualifications and genius of a Legislator . ( Laughter and loud cheers . ) The eldest sons of peers do not require any property qualification . He supposed that was for their great morality and business-like habits . Barristers , when first called to the bar , were thought too young to defend the laws ; they required study and practice
to make them perfect ; and even judges frequently could not understand the law , yet these unpledged lordlings at once were qualified to make laws that barristers . and judges could not understand . Again , property qualification was not required in Scotland . Then why should it be required elsewhere , except to keep the people unrepresented ? ( Hear , hear . ) As regarded Equal Electoral Districts , why should Thetford or Harwich possess the same rights as the Tower Hamlets—each returning two members , although their relative numbers were so dissimilar ? As regarded Annual Parliaments , suppose any person to go to a gentleman and insist upon being engaged for seven years—the gentleman would naturally exclaim , " You are mad ! " If masters demanded annual , or even earlier
opportunities of discharging bad servants , why should not the people have the same opportunities of discharging their servants , if they did not suit them ? ( Loud cheers . ) He had gone through the six points , and he hoped he had clearly illustrated that if they took away a single point they rendered the , whole bill defective . Lord John Russell had said , if they had the Charter they would sweep away the Kational Debt ; and in one sense he _ said trulyr" He ( Mr . Reynolds ) was no repudiator or ' spoliator . He would . not sponge it out—but he ^ certainly would adjust it by taking it off the shoulders of those who had no hand in creating it , and putting it on those who had . The debt was contracted to roll back democracy by the landlords , and he said , let them pay it . ( Loud cheers . ) Let them see what
the Charter would enable them to do » for Mr . Stallwood had wisely told them it was a mere means to an end . The first step would be the abolition of the laws of mortmain , entail and primogeniture , which would p lace the land in the hands of the people , and this would be no spoliation ; railways took land by act of parliament , giving a fair remuneration in return . He asked , would it be spolia-: tion if they took the garden God had given them , and parcelled it . out for the benefit of the whole people ? ( Loud cheers . ) The people had been grossly calumniated by being called bloodthirsty spoliators ; but when the capitals of the world were in their hands , in 1848 , they did not erect the political scaffold—they did not resort to spoliation and blood . So ; but they were a merciful and
magnanimous people ; in fact , they had been too merciful ; for no sooner did they let power go out of their hands , than their old enemies turned upon them , and women were whipped in the streets , and men were expatriated or slaughtered by thousands . This proved the people to be humane , and their tyrants bloodthirsty miscreants . It will be remembered that the " Lion Queen" was destroyed by a tiger a short time ago . The limes , Standard , and Advertiser , in commenting thereon , had said she was induced to enter the den , and go through her performance , at the instigation of the instincts of the common people , and which brutal instincts proved them not fit to exercise , their rights—those papers had forgotten , that this same "Lion Queen" had performed twice before her Majesty , and that at her first performance her
Majesty had expressed her approbation by placing a splendid shawl on the "Lion Queen ' s" shoulders by her own royal hands . ( Hear , hear . ) And that on the second occasion , her Majesty had caused her to be presented with a purse of fifty sovereigns . And they must have farther forgotten , that the daily papers recorded the fact of her Majesty and Prince Albert ' s visit to Hounslow for the purpose of seeing a Guardsman cut right through a living sheep at one stroke , or they would not have talked of brutal instincts . ( Loud cheering . ) Let them prove by their morality and intelligence that they were the sovereign people . Let them he true to themselves , and the Charter must speedily become the law of the land . ( Tremendous cheering . ) The resolution was then put and carried unanimously . -
Dr . Brookes rose to move the following resolution : — " That with a view to render practical the principles enunciated in the foregoing resolution , this meeting pledges itself to resuscitate the comparatively dormant agitation for the People ' s Charter , and to devise a system of organisation _ in this locality calculated to secure its certain and speedy adoption . " Mr . Matthias , in seconding the resolution , said he had already enrolled his name under the organisation of the Provisional Committee , ' and said there , in that Hall , was now a comfortable place for ; tho Chartists of that district to meet in ; and its directors had already exhibited their competency for business , by establishing their splendid and eminently successful co-operative store . ( Loud cheers . )
Mr . W . J . Tehxon received a warm greeting , and said : The Charter was not to be got by cheering for ; they muse each work for it as though the whole depended on the individual , and show their sincerity by inducing their friends to organise . They had heard of the delusion practiced at the time of the Eeform Bill . The Attorney General , who had used his eloquence to secure his ( Mr . Vernon ' s ) conviction , had led a Physical Force torch light procession through the City of Chester . ( Hear , hear . ) True , he knew the Reform Bill would bring the people nothing , whilst it would bring him the ( Attorney General ) a good place . They hear nothing of the " Little Charter . " If any one said anything to them about it let their reply be tho " Whole , Charter " or a great deal more . ( Loud cheers . ) ' The resolution was unanimously adopted .
A vote of thanks was awarded to the chairman , who , in responding , announced that meetings , for the enrolling of members , would be held in that Hall every Monday evening , and the meeting quietly dispersed .
77 5z?K-<?Sse^^:^ '-. • >, »^F"W«'Jiv-Vr...
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And National Teilii11ffisal;; "" ?";R
AND NATIONAL TEiliI 11 ffiSAL ;; "" ?"; r
Folm. P.65l London; Satomu = — T=-^ — V ...
fOLM . P . 65 L LONDON ; SATOMU = — T =- ^ — V ¦¦¦¦ : ¦ - ¦ . ¦¦ . ¦ ¦ . _ -. ., : - ; , />¦* : ¦¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ;
Sabbath In Canada.—All Auction Sales Of ...
Sabbath in Canada . —All auction sales of real estate must be made at the door of the psrish church , immediately after service . The following is . from a Montreal paper : —" Farm for Sale . — Will be sold , by public auction , at the door of the parish church in this city , on Sunday , the 22 nd of September inst ., that farm , & c . Conditions made known at the time of sale , & c . " Such advertisements are not unfrequent .
Sabbath In Canada.—All Auction Sales Of ...
LITERARY AND ^ SCIENTIFIC INSTI TJTTIGN , JOHN-STREET , FITZROY SQUARE . . ; :. ; .: v
The '' series bf meetings ^ convened by the Provi ional Committee ' : of - the National Charter 'Association , " ^ , the promotion of Chartism , ' continM '' -to ' -lattTa c 1 :. ; crOwSed- audiences every hi gbt of ; . ' me ^ tin | : . ;' . . . "V , Dn Tuesday : jeveningiTApril ' 9 tb , Mr . ; James GrKABSBT . - ^ jras ; linanimouslyfailed to : the chair , and ,. mia ^ ew ^ bne ^ se ^' tenceSj . T . oalle ^ on Mr . T . BROTjra to move t ] ie . following , liesolu-l tion t-- " That as we , have T -an irresponsiblej government ^ Bupported ; bv aristocratic ^ estab-j
lisb . rn . 6 nts and '? powerful - monopolies , which system must ^ u 4 . riu is inc | mpatible , and at variance with the' rhostivital ' and best- inter- ; estsof thoMproducing Masses ; and beHflvlrigl that the Pgple ' s ; Charter dqn'feins ^ e fuiida-i ^ o ^^^^ Kjast knd ^ ; gedd ; 'fpnri of govern ^ ment ; ' and ^^^ its enactme ' n >^ o . uld ' ene 6 t ^ u ^ only the pol ^^ enianir ^ iif Mlffloll social amelioration of the toiling masses , this meeting hereby resolves to agitate , until it is recognised-as the basis of the ' constitution . ' '' : ¦ ^
Mni BEOWNsaid , notbingcould more clearl y illustratj | jith $ & re )^ than thl ^ att « ntibii . t 6 ' the wantsJ ^ isHes , Uiid desires ofvthe ; people , notwithstanding their continued petitions ' ' appeals , and remonstrances . ( Hear , hear ) . "Mr . Brown thea went through the several points of the Charter , showing the necessity for thoir adoption , and their interest and utility to the masses , when properly applied , and resumed his seat amidst applause . '
Bronterre O'Brien rose , loudly . applauded , and said , he congratulated the committee , who drew up the resolution for introducing the word "Social" into it , as no great political change would ever take place until the people understood their social ri g hts . ( Loud cheers . ) The princi ples- of Radical Reform had been advocated for the last seventy years , and the points of the Charter had been , from time to time , supported by several wealthy and able men ; by the Duke of Richmond , by Fox , and by that wealthy commoner , Sir Francis Burdett ; and sixty years ago , the identical points of'the People ' s Charter were agreed to at . the Freemason ' s Tavern , but no real progress had been . made . There were more persons than ever in favour
of the principles , at the present time ; privation and suffering probabl y may have induced this ; and before they altered it , they would have to learn to act on the decree , that every man must labour , yes labour , either with his hands or his head ; not cart horse labour , but such labour as shall bo at once conducive to health and happiness . ( Loud cheers . ) There was land and capital enough in existence for the employment of all , ( hear , hear ) , yet there were thousands who in vain asked for leave to toil , and poor but highly intelligent women , were reduced to the alternative of making sailor ' s shirts at / one penny farthing each , or downright starvation . ( Shame shame ) . Why was this ? Because landlords , and money lords have taken to themselves the land God
intended for all . ( Great cheering . ) VVh y . did tire .. middle classes support this mere handful of landlords ? Because whilst the working classes are- deprived—of their territorial rights , ' they "have nothing left but to compete with each other for labour , and the selfish aggrandisement , of these men required an army of slaves . "" ( Great cheering . ) He trusted the working people would never consent to go for anything less than . such a politieaLmeasure as would confer rights on all . ( Hear . ) He did not believe that any man who would ask the people to go for any tax , or property qualification measure , was honest : for let tho tax bo as low as it would , it
would deprive the mass of the people of the franchise . ( Hear . ) He would suppose the tax to be sixpence ; but if every workman kept himself and family as he ought , and paid his debts , where was the man amongst them who would havo sixpence left ? Why had they not sixpence ? Because they were not proprietors of their own labour . ( Hear . ) Laws were made invariably against the people ; but all these things would be remedied by means of the People's Charter , always provided they knew their social rights when they obtained' that measure . ( Loud cheers . ) Only one nation ( France ) at present possessed universal suffrage ; and France holds it by such an insecure tenure that no one can say how
long she will possess it , as eveiy step taken in that country by the representatives , and for the benefit of tho Proletarians , is declared to be an attack on society . . The land and'fundmongers , who are , in reality , mere scabs on ifc , have dared to arrogate society to themselves . They are " society , " and the wealth producers are canaille , outcasts , and rabble , who are to be kept in order . ( Hear , hear . ) It made his ( Mr . O'Brien ' s ) blood boil when he reflected how , the people of England , —a thinking people , as thoy were called , —allowed the \ isurcr and land stealer , to deprive them of their natural rights , whilst they ( the masses ) were converted into slaves and cut-throats . —( hear , hear . )—some under the degrading name of servants , fellows
in plush breeches , and game keepers , to preserve vermin , which the ancient laws declared were nobody ' s property , as they wove kept by divine providence . ( Loud cheers . ) How did the higher classes ( asthej were termed ) get the votes ? by going on their khecs and begging the people to give it them ? no ; but . oy taking them . And he ( Mr . O'Brien ) did not blame them for so taking their rights ; but he did blame them for making' the trifling mistake of taking the people ' s rights with their own . In France it was not to bo supposed that the whole people understood their social rights ; but there were some two millions who did , and who were determined to maintairi ' them at all hazards ; and if these were again
driven to the streets in solf-dofehco , they would not attack the poor ignorant hired mercenaries , but fly at once on the murderers who employ these mercenaries to keep down right and justice . ( Tremendous cheering . ); Mr . Walter CoDfer ' , amidst great applause , came forward to support the resolution , and said , on reading the Morning Chronicle the other day , he perceived the editor gravely observed , " That no go : vernment could please all the people , and that those demagogues who told thehi thoy could , were deceivers / ' Ho ( Mr . W . Cooper ) maintained , that if government could not please or satisfy all the people , there was much they could do in modifying or
making laws to improve the social condition of the people , which they altogether neglected . ( Hoar ,-hear . ) The philosophy , of Peel and Graham ,-. ind of the Manchester- Sfihodl was , that tho people We machines , and that when they were " used up" they were to be cast off . He was there to protest against that doctrine . Oh , when ho saw the galling insults heaped on his order-when ho saw the tyranny practised on . them- —notwithstanding their high moral sentiments and resolves , ho was almost tempted to exclaim with the poet— ' ' " Oh , for the swords of former times , Oli , for the men who boro them , Whehfor ri ght they stood sublime
, And tyrants crouched before them . " ( Great cheering . ) Dr . Southwood Smith had told thorn that the average ofhumaii . life was but seventeen years ; and another writer , that there are 10 , 000 prostitutes ' on the streets of London , and that ' when those diod off , another 10 , 000 were , ready to take their ' places ; another writer assured them that there were aa many thieves . Assuredl y . those things say little for the moral arid social condition of England . ( Hear ; hear , ) There ' was land , skill and labour , to produce sufficient for all . ' Writers on , political
economy had told , tliem . that there was a sufficiency of land in England with which' to feed ono hundred millions of persons , and the united kingdom did not number more tlian forty . millions . ( Hear , hear . ) The social question is the ' material one . ( Loud cheers . ) They had probabl y heard the . story of ¦' Mr . Guthrie , of Edinburgh , and the old woman . Guthrie went to p i-each spiritual consolation . He found tho old woman miserable , cold , and hungry . Ho told her there were' other things beside " misery , cold , and hunger , " to bo thought of . " , 'Deed , Sir , " retorted the old woman , ' " were you as cold and hungry and I am , you could think of nothing else . "
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( Great applause . ) "Ah , said-Mr . Guthrie ,- "this taught me a lesson whioh * shall-never forget ... The Malthusians say the peop le are . too many , and , poverty and . starvation are .. God ' s agents for . thm-: ning them out . It was an . Infamous , piece of blasphemy to ' make such an ; assertion . It was saying to -God 'VYou . are " a ' consummate old blockhead , and don't kntif' ^ fijat you are about , to s eh'd- " . more peopleVthapth ^ e- is room for . " ( Cheers . ) - He asserted ; th ' erS ^' waftf : '* eri 6 ugh for all on this earth who werewillifigtoiworkfand those who could and wouluYnofrw ~ orIc , had ho right to live . ( Loud cheers ;) ; , 'They , rdid . not ' aspire , to ; palaces ; but thoy ; did feel they bad : a rig ht to live , and live well-to ; jjei well clothed , boused . ' ojc ' ., & c . ; , ;
and to enjoy the hi ghest state ' of " mentalculttire . ( Hear . ) The day would come when'intelligence would bo written on every countenance . Some persons might say , the people have no power—no , to be sure they had not ; but O'Brien . had-. wisely said , ' !; Get knowledge ;" , and he reiterated the . cry , . " fiet ^ knowledge !"—and then -they would ; soon break , all the chains' th'df ^ bind : ( jfjem , ( Cheers , He did not like . the man , who camei " forward merely to make a speech , without a' purpose ; . ' He did not Hk £ |{! ejnau #% tu ^ jpeople ^ hw ^ he ¦ kn ew'they '' pdslessedJieitb ^ ; the other . Suchthings were well calculated to delay
democratic and . social progress . He would go for nothing less than ; their whole rights ; He . knew some snouted , "The Charter , and nothing else . ; ' ' but he ' said—'' The Charterj and social ri g hts . " ( Applause . ) He was quite willing td ;; wQrk , and throw hii j whole powers , into this agitatlon ' T'Sndhe did so because , he had fiiith in this age . 'the great and good geniuses seemed united in their favour , and progress seemed inevitable . ( Cheers . ) Some of them might not know that he was the humble manager ; of the Society of Co-operative Tailors in Castle-street . Oh ! with t what pleasure was it he told them that labour . was so far . patronised that he could now truly assure them that their orders exceeded ono hundred
pounds per week —( loud cheers)—and that - another society was about to commence ; that the shoemakers had a shop in Holborn , and were just about to re-opon the old shop in Tottenham-court Road . He looked on these things as the commencement of a mighty movement , and he was proud to say the workmen came many miles to serve them , and were flocking round them in clusters . ( Loud cheers . ) The Daily News , in accordance with its vocation , had attacked them , setting forth that ; " co-operation " would drive capital out of the market . The fool , did he not know that labour was the parent of capital ? He said , never mind—onward—get up societies—have shared labour , and shared
capitalshun drunkards and public houses—read good books , such authors as Paine , Godwin , Gibbon , Byron , and Sholly , and communicate what they read to others ; help to break the chains of superstition , by the acquirement of knowledge ; and let their dying reflexion be , that they would leave the world hotter than they found it . ( Tremendous cheering . ) Mr . T . Shorter said , this was the first time he had the pleasure of attending this , series of useful meetings . The principal business of these meetings was to discuss the proceedings in parliament . The legislators had been -taking a holiday , and he , for one , should riot have regretted had they stayed away until the people sent for them . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Cooper had said they had no surplus population : but he thought if they
looked into the courts of law , into the church , and in the vicinity of the two Houses 'of Parliament , they would find a surplus —( cheers)—but among tho wealth producers there was no surplus . ( Hear , hear . ) He thought the question was not what will parliament do , but what will tho people do ? He did not expect the tyranny of ages to be overturned in a day . ( Hear , hear . ) Whilst he would not oppose others who went for less , he could never consent to go for less than the whole Charter . . Lot them understand prin ciples , and the means of applying them , and depend upon it they would speedily obtain them . ( Cheers . ) The resolution was then put and carried unanimously . A vote of thanks was given to the chairman , and the meeting separated . .
THE FUND ON BEHALF OF THE WIDOWS AND ORPHANS OF THE MA RT Y R S , WI LLIAMS A ND SHARP . ; A tea party and public meeting was held at the National Hall , High Holborn , in support of the above , on Wednesday evening , April 10 th , being the second anniversary of the memorable Kennington-commou meeting . Betwcn three and four hundred persons sat down to tea . The tea-tables having been cleared , at eight o ' clock the company was increased b y the persons coming in to the public meeting . Shortly after that hour ,
Mr . Wiluaji Davis was called to tho chair , and said they had met for a twofold purposeto sympathise with the widows and orphans of Williams and Sharp , who had died during their imprisonment in the good . cause ; but the memories of those men would be revered , when those of their oppressors would be hated and abhorred . ( Cheers . ) Their second object was to commemorate the memorable Tenth of April—that day which had so alarmed the aristocracy—as well it might , when they looked back at their origin ( the Graftons , & e > , to wit ) , to whom they owed their birth and lineage to kept women of Charles II . The
only aristocracy that would ever gain the respect and esteem of the people would be one of talent . Some gentlemen who stood hi gh in the movement , blamed them for interferring in Foreign politics ; and even Mr .. O'Connor had said they gained applause by interfering in such matters . Now , he ( Mr . Davies ) said , if they did they deserved such applause . ( Loud cheers . ) The Press had called Chartism a failure , and it was to be regreted that Chartism had so few advocates in the . Press ; but it was a pleasure to know , that in a few weeks a thorough Democratic journal would be launched , one that would go the whole hog ,
bristles and all , one conducted by thei ? excellent friend Mr . Reynolds —( cheers)—who ho would now call upon to move the resolution . " That this meeting deeply sympathises ¦ with tno widows and orphans of Williams and Sharp , who sacrificed thoir lives in the cause of democracy , and hereby renews its pledge never to cease its agitation until the People ' s Charter shall be the Law of the Land , and the people bo in full possession of their just social privileges . " The reading of tho resolution was hailed with great applause . Mr . Reynolds , on rising , was greeted with prolonged cheering , and said this was tho anniversary of that great movement two years ago , when
they went humbly to ask for that which he conceived they ought to possess as a right . . It was no wonder that the aristocracy and money-mongers trembled at such a movement , recollecting , as they must , that all the property they possessed was unduly wrung from the sweat and blood of the people —( loud cheers)—nor was it -wonderful that they should raise tho ire of the middle classes through the means of the base Press denouncing the Chartists as spoliators and men who were bent on pillage and , blood .. Ho said it -was no wonder , for thoy knew right well if tho Charter was obtained and properly applied , that these oppressive privileges iliey now held would , bo abolished , and that the
people would have their just social privileges restored . ( Loud cheers . ) . Thoy knew it must ' place that groat question of Socialism prominentl y forward , and that the people would set about discussing it with a view to solve it . ( Groat cheering . ) He ( Mr . Reynolds ) had the very hi ghest respect for Mr . Feargus O'Connor , and -b elieved him to ho one of the most sincere directors of the public mind who had ever breathed—( loud cheers)—but he regretted exceedingly , that he should say it was not their business to into ' rfero with foreign politics . In , this matter , ho . most respectfully differed with Mr . O'Connor . What shall we not relate to our
children , and thus hand down to posterity the heroism of a Kossuth Mid . a Mazzini ? ( Loud cheers . ) Shall , wo not shew the world , that although a miserable Pope may , for a time , rulo ( he Italian states , that Ma Mini shall vet return to the Eternal City—and bless old Homo by the glories of his triumvirs ? ( Longcontinued cheering . ) Shall wo not point out that the continenta l nations will speedily rise . again , and that the . wretched . iaipostor Buonaparte , will . be hurled from . the capital of : France , that the brave and wise Xedru Eollin and ' Louis Blanc shall return in triump h , and that the
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veribble 'demodratic' and social republic shall bo established in France ? 7 ( Tremendous cheering . ) The Minister talked of " low murmurs ; " had thoy full representation in the Press , ; it would be . imposeible : that' the ; ministers , , could , be in .. such ^ a state ; of ignorance j but . as . thoy : had ; , not > rit . was . tho duty of the Minister . not to jend flpieS but intelligent men to their meetings , who ; would furnish correct reports of their " proceedings ;;^ 6 so that they might know the real wants and wishes of tho people . ( Hear , hear . ) He ' looked on-ihorb financial reform as humbug . ¦ Why ; if Mr . Cobden ' s plan was carried out to its full extent , it would only , effect a reduction to tho amount of 6 s . 8 d ; ner head
per annum . ., ( Hear , hear . ) Surely they had plenty ot cogitations going on at tho present moment ; nrst , they had the Financial Reform Association ; secondly , the Parliamentary Reformers , tinder Sir Joshua Walmsley , which had not half Democracy enough in it-it lacked that great point which would enable labour to represent itself—payment of members . ( Loud cheers . ) -Thirdly , they haA ' a new move professed for the Charter ; and lastly , they had their own grand movemen t for the People ' s Charter , and something more ; and he trusted that they wouldnofcsuffer themselves to he deluded , but that they would adhere firmly to their own movement until Democracy was crowned with success ; and the aristocracy and oligarchy was laid prostrate
at its feet ; . ( Tremendous cheering . ) . : : ' Mr , D . W . Kofft , in seconding the motion , said : There were doubtless ; men there who felt to their very hearts' core the death of Williams and Sharp , nor . would they every , forget or forgive those who had caused it , until the , ' , deed was avenged . ( Loud cheers . ) Those men had been entrapped by , villah « bus spies : but Chartism was not dead ; no ; they would proceed on their on ward career until such time' as those bloody deeds , were avenged by ' the firnreltablishniont of . that constitution called the ¦ P eop *© B"Charter . " ( Loud" cheers . ) He regretted much that one of their great leaders should ajlpw his ; disciples to go so far a-head of him as to leave mm . in .-tb , e ; : lurcli 7 ^( hear , hear ) rrand he deplored
thatbe . should hayeirecom . mend . cd . them not to interfere with foreigi } politics ; iKrhTs pair ^ -ht f ^ r ^ D . W ; RufiyYwasbut'tob happy 0 fai ^< $ Mfy ^ totk $ , Republicanand-Socialist . ( LWa ^ bbeem ^ Be ^ re i gretted that the subscriptions had not been ' so large as could have been wished , for the widows and orphans of Williams and Sharp . He also . knew that the miserable condition of the working classes muBtibe pleaded in extenuation , but , nevertheless , he hoped that Christian precept would be practised , and that the widows and orphans would be cared for . ( Loudcheers . ) . .. " * ' Mr . W . J . Vernon , who was most enthusiastically received , said he was . pleased to meet so many of their sister democrats present on . that occasion . He had suffered with Williams and Sharp , which ha
presumed would give him tho privilege of speech on this occasion , The 10 th of April was truly J memorable day ; it was a disgrace to them ,, one which should be thought on , in order that such ah occurrence might be avoided for the future ., . ( Hear , hear . ) .. Some people called it a victory , but he said ' one more such victory , and we are ruined for ever . " ( Loud cheers . ) In Tothill-fields prison , he had most inconsiderately said to their friend and advocate , Ernest Jones —( tremendous cheering ) —" good night , " and although Jones , who was in the next cell , made none other than a mental response , they were both punished severely . ( "Shame , shame , '' and other symptoms of indignation . ) Notwitn . " standing ' this , he . differed , with tho last gentleman
who had addressed them . He did not desire revenge . He wished his brother democrats to take the high ground of humanity , and leave the reverse for their opponents . He ( Mr . Vernon } believed that he had p layed a game of ahance , ana lost , and , consequently , that he was in the hands of his opponents , who had pursued their own policy . ( Hear , hear . ) The times appeared to have much changed since he went to prison j and he believed that never had a better feeling ex * isted in favour of genuine Chartism . ( Loud cheers . ) He was delighted to hear that ihey were to have another ally in the shape of a journal , which would he a through representative , of thftir feelings , both as regards English and , foreign politics , and under the . management of Mr
Reynolds , ; he predicted for it very , speedily a circulation equal to , if not surpassing that of the Times itself .- ( Greatcheering . ) The Charter and something more , had become an every day word ( What did that something more mean ?—not * blood , but it meant their social rights . It was not for him now to go through the learned and lucid schemes of socialism that had from time to time been put forth ; but the . biblo had said : — " He who will not work . neither shall he eat ; " he wished to see this piece ' of scriptural doctrine fully car- > ried out ; and socialism meant the realisation of this principle ; ( Cheers . ) They had " been told not to be deluded by any other movement ; and Mr . Reynolds had most delicately hinted that their was another new move for-professed' Chartism . What must he desi gnate it ? Should ifc be . a Tom
Clark ., mov : e , —( cheersJ ^ Qft-acviChartef , League f It ; was his ( Mr . Vernon ' s ) opinion , that this League was , to use biblical language , "All things to all men ; " but as the Chartist policy ' was to oppOSG none he said let them go on and get what they can get , —( laughter )—whilst they , the veritable . Chartists , rolled their principles round their hearts , resolved only to part with them with life itself ( Tremendous cheering . ) The Ciuihma . v hero announced that he had just received a message stating , that Mr . O'Connor ' full sympathies were with . ' the objects of the . meeting , but that he was confined to his bed by alarming in > disposition . He ( the Chairman ) had now something of a novelty to intrbdune to iheir notice in ' the shape of a clergyman , the Rev . Mr . Warrall , of Trinity Chapel , Bethnal-green .
The Rev . Gentleman rose , greeted with a right hearty welcome , and said : They must not expect much of a speech from him , as he had not been long a democrat . Ho was converted by seeing six or seven policemen beating a working man on the Green where they held their meetings two years ago . He know that by taking this step , as a minister of religion , ho was placing himself in awk « ward circumstances , but what of that ? ( Tremend * ous cheering . ) If he lost his gown he had his hands to work with—and he would freely work with his hands rather than sacrifice his principles ; although a young man he was perfectly ready to
discuss the question of Democracy with his Lordship of London , or h s Grace of Canterbury . ( Loud cheers . ) Hismastcr— Christ— was a Democrat and a Communist , and so was he . ( Great cheering . ) He looked on it as the duty of the people to support by their funds the great - movement which thoir worthy and zealous lc ' aders had so ably started . ( Loud cheers . ) He had already looked across the water at France ; and he had seen and conversed with tho intelligent and smiling . Louis Blanc . ( Loud cheers . ) Although this was his maiden speech ho certainly would do himself the pleasure of looking in on them again . ( Loud cheers . ) In conclusion he would call thoir attention to the case
of the widows and orphans of Williams and Sharp . Fame was good for the martyrs' memories , but ifc would not keep women and children ; and ha thought it their duty to keep the widows and or * pharis from poverty during the rest of their days . The reverend gentleman resumed his seat amidst tremendous cheering . The Chairman said , ho had another novelty for them , it was that of introducing to their attention a lady—Mrs . Ma thews . ( Loud cheers . ) Mrs . Matthews said , she would not attempt to make a-speech on the present occasion , but on some future favou ' rablo opportunity she should b . o most happy to aid the funds , by delivering one or two lectures in its behalf . ( Great applause . ) Mr . Maskell also addressed a few observations in behalf of the resolution , which was put and carried by acclamation .
On the motion of Messrs . Toxilisson and Brown , a vote of thanks was passed by acclamation to the Chairman and to the committee of the Williams and Sharp Fund . ¦ The Chairman acknowledged iho compliment , and said—ho had a note placed in his hand , stai ing that it was the desire of several , that the meeting should be closed by singing the Marseillaise Hymn . ( . Great applause . ) He nad much pleasure in tcliirig them that some of their friends were ready to commence it . ( Cheers . )
Messrs . Fowler , Brown , and another commence ^ and tho whole audience joined in chorus , upstanding , and at the conclusion , the most unbounded applause prevailed ; and thus terminated ono of tho most orderly and enthusiastic meetings it has ever been our lot to record .
- Latkly, Near Montrose, A Housekeepers ...
- Latkly , near Montrose , a housekeepers tor ritories were invaded by vats , and her edib es destroyed with more , rapidity than profit to her domestic rulo . A friend advised her to smear the rats retreats with coal-tar , and the glide Wife did SO . Moreover , sho fimeared her hams and flitches , precautions too powerful , for afterwards neither man nor beast could eat thereof . , . ; .-.. > ¦ Inckease or Sun's at Shields . —Though the first quarter of the year lias not yet expired , no less
than forty-six vessels have been added to the " port Of Shields sinc e New Year ' s Day , making an increase of nearly 18 , 000 tons to the previous tonnage of the young port , a considerable pint of which are new vcssels aml other ships that havo recently been purchased by our fellow-townsmen , the remainder consisting of vessels that have been translorrod from the port of Newcastle . Should . this immense accession of tonnage to the port continue in a corresponding ratio with that of . the last twelve
, nu ou . » uyii uu aoie 10 raise our uusioms establishment to ' a sccorid-chiss poit ^ j & Migastffl Guarilian . ' ¦ ¦ ; :. ui i ^ . sC ^^ i bi ^^ S ^ Glass Eipes fob Watch . — TW ( P \ m 0 ^^ council ar , e about to lay down Wdu ^ nTM ^ j ^ pipes , jointed with gutta pcrchaP « f !^^^» em for the conveyance of water . « " C ^ . -fe ? . ' | i i ^ S . i ; Ll wW >& mM Liuiaa uutur-i tiiyivt"r "' ' '"' ifi '^ fC ^ H ^ eSk iha ? ap ^ pWge ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 13, 1850, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_13041850/page/1/
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