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S R tion-namel-byxeducing..expehditure.;...
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__ _ N A TION A,L B B iY EF I T S O C I E T Y; - v—EaroRed, pursuant to statute 9th and lira Tictoria, c. 27. - ¦ .- ;
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©o oroi'
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NornxGUAJi.—J. Sweet acknowledges the re...
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SALE OF THE GEEAT DODFOED ESTATE. THERE ...
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THE HOBTKERN STAB SATUE;»AY, APRIL 13, 1S50.
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PUBLIC HEALTH. One of the most prominent...
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SUCCESSFUL MORAL FORCE REBELLION. The Co...
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MONIES RECEIVED Fob ihe Week Ending Thur...
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TO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAB. Deah...
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A deaf and dumb child, aged six . years,...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
S R Tion-Namel-Byxeducing..Expehditure.;...
4 _^__ . _ ; THB ; S : IORTHlRy STA R . , ; . ;¦*** ¦ , i 850 , . i m — —»——r ^ f ^ SS , ¦ ... i ¦ " , J T T ggSJg ? I ! .-., .. ¦ . . ~ . ^« r t I
__ _ N A Tion A,L B B Iy Ef I T S O C I E T Y; - V—Earored, Pursuant To Statute 9th And Lira Tictoria, C. 27. - ¦ .- ;
__ _ N A TION A , L B B iY EF I T S O C I E T Y ; - v—EaroRed , pursuant to statute 9 th and lira Tictoria , c . 27 . - ¦ .- ;
Ad00410
THE ABOVE SOCIETY , as amended and legalised , was formerly known as th ( ffATIOSAL CO-OPERATIVE BENEFIT SOCIETY ; the managers of which have long seeff the necessity ' o legal protection ibr flie security of its members . In framing the new rules , care has been taken to equalise * B SXpen aSarewilh the receipts , so that the permanent success of the bociety should be beyond aU doubts . Ths Society is divided into . * ree sections , to meet the necessities and requirements ofaR classes of meckanics am labourers , from eighteen years of age to forty . ihe Mtwwrse is the scam of fees to be paid at weekly alwwahce ra sickhess . estbasce : — - s , d . ¦ Age . lstsection . Sndsection . Sndsectiou . tirstSection .. ' 15 ° s . d . s . d . : s . d . Second Section .. - ' - 10 ° Froml 8 to 24 .... 3 0 .... 2 0 .... 1 0 Third Section .. .. .. 5 , 0 _ 24—27 .... 6 0 .... 4 0 .... 2 0 ¦ - , _ 27—30 .... 9 0 .... 6 0 .... 8 0- mejibebs death . wife's DEATH . — 30—33 .... 12 0 .... 8 0 .. ; . 4 0 £ s . d . £ s . d . — 33—33 15 O ; .... 10 0 ... - . 5 0 First Section .... 15 0 0 7 10 0 ; — 36—38 .... 13 0 .... 12 0 .... 6 0 Second Section .. 10 0 0 5 0 0 — 38—40 .... 21 0 .... 14 0 .... 7 0 j Third Section .... 6 0 0 -SOU ¦¦ " * MOXTOXY COKTBIBCTIOSS . _ .,,,.. i oj ' First Section , 3 s . Gd . Second Section , 2 s . 4 d . Third Section , Is . 2 d . The Society meets every Monday evening , at the Two Chairmen , Wardour-sireet , Soho , Middlesex , where every infermation can be had , and memners enroUei Country Mends , applying for rules , can have them forwarded , by enclosim four postage-stamps . ' ., = »« o-it - ~ , Members ofthe late Co-operative Benefit Society , who have paidaU dues and demands up to the 2 ath December 1849 , can atonce be transferred to either section ef the National Benefit Society , without any extra charge ^ Agents and sub-secretaries of me late National Co-operative Benefit Society , are requested to immediately inform tin General Secretary 0 f the number of nieiubavs likely to transfer to the National lleneht Society ; and parties wishing t < becomeagents , ortoformbranehesofthenew society , can be supplied with every information , on application to tin Secretary , hv enc losing a postage-stamp for ah answer . i , j uos te u yes GR 4 S j- .. General Secretary , 9 C , Regent-street , Lambeth .
Ad00414
TO THE EMBARRASSED . THEKE are thousands of persons who have long struggled against the force of misfortune , hut few are aware that , by very recent Acts , aU snudl traders owing debts not exceeding £ 300 , farmers , private and professional gentlemen , and aU others , owing to any amount ( the latter without any publicity ) , can be entirely raised from their difliculties at small expense , and without imprisonment or bankruptcy . All such Mr . Weston begs wiU apply to him at 6 , Ussesnstreeti Strand , by letter , or personally . Ofiice hours from 10 till 2 , and C till 8 . 3 T . B . —The above Acts stay aU Palace Court , County Court , and other proceedings . Clergymen need not submit to sequestrations .
Ad00415
DEAPiNESS . — Important Notice . — Sir . FRANCIS , the eminent aurist , who has devoted his attention solely to DISEASES ofthe EAR , continues to effect the most astonishing cures in all those inveterate cases which bave long been considered hopeless , and ef thirty or forty years standing , enabling the patient to hear a whisper , without pain or operation , effectually removing deafness , noises in the head , and aU diseases of the aural ( anal . Mr . F . attends' daily from 10 until 6 ,-, at his consulting rooms , 6 , Beaufort-buildings , Strand , London . Persons at a distance can state their case by letter . Advice to the poor , Monday , Wednesday , and Friday , from C till 8 in -the evening .
Ad00416
PROCEEDINGS IN PAELIAMENT . A PUBLIC MEETING , Convened bv the Feotisioxal Committee of the NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION , will be held at the LITERARY AOT SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTE . JOENSTREET , TOTTBXHAM-COURT-ROAD , on TUESDAY EVENING NEXT , AraiL 2 x » , 1850 , for the purpose of Reviewing the Pboceedisgs is Pabliajiext during the past week . 0 . Julian Harney , G . W . M . Reynolds , W . J . Vernon , Gerald Massey , and others , are expected to address the meeting . Chair to be taken at eight o ' clock . ADMISSIOX FREE .
Ad00417
TO THE CHARTISTS OF SOUTH LANCASHIRE . A SOUTH LANCASHIRE DELEGATE MEETING will take place at the PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE , MANCHESTER , on Sdsdat , Aran . 21 st , 1 S 50 , on business of the utmost importance . AU communications to be . addressed to Mr . John Jackson , No . 51 , Heyrodstreei , Ancoats , Secretary to the Manchester locality .
Ad00418
BOROUGH OF GliEENWICH . A PUBLIC MEETING- convened by the Provisional Committee ofthe National Charter Association forthe purpose of resuscitating the Chartist movement in the boroush « if Greenwich , wiU be held in the LECTURE HALL , " GREENWICH , on Monday Evesisg , Arsui 15 rn . G . W . M . Reynolds , G . Julian Harney , S . M . Kydd , "Walter Cooper , J . hrouterre O'Brien , and other friends to democratic and social progress will attend and address the meeting-Chair to be taken at eisht o'Clock precisely . ADMISSION FREE . 2 f . B . —The Provisional Committee , with other friends , wiU meet at the Greenwich Station , London-bridge , at half-past five o ' clock precisely ; and hereby invite their brother and sister democrats in London to accompany them by rail to Greenwich .
Ad00419
9 S , r . EGSXT STREET , LAMBETH . ; JAJifES GBASSBY takes this opportunity of informing his numerous friends , that he carries on the business of CARPENTER and JOINER , at the above address , in all its branches , and assures those friends who may favour him with vheir patronage and support , that aU Trork executed by Mm , shall be of the best description of workmanship and materials , which , combined with the strictest economy Iu charges , and punctuality in business , lie trusts will ensure him their favours . Estimates given for all kinds of work in the building line ; alterations , repairs , shop fronts , fixtures , & c , executed in the best possible style , and at the lowest charge for Cash . X . B . —Eent collector , and General House Agent ; observe the address , Jahes Guassbt , SB , Regent Street , "Lambeth .
Ad00420
. EMIGRATION TO SOUTH AMERICA . W TAPSCOTT AND CO ., SHIPPING and Emiirratien Agents , Liverpool continue to despatch First Class Ships—To SE 17 YORK—every Five Days . To NEW ORLEANS—every Ten Days . To BOSTON and PHILADELPHIA-every Fifteen Days . And occasionally to BALTIMORE , CHARLESTON , SAVANNAH , QUEBEC , and St . JOHNS . - Drafts for any amount , at sight , on New York , payable in any part of the TJniitd Stales . Tapseott ' s "Emigrant ' s Guide" sent free , on receipt of Four Postage Stamps . IJig About twenty-eight thousand pars ailed for the ITew TYorld , in Tapscotfsline of American P-ickets . in 1810 .
Ad00421
VSDKS EOYAL PATHOXAOE . Perfect freedom _ rr <>; 3 Coughs in ten minutes after use , and a rapid Cure of Aitlima and Consumption , and all Disorders of the Breath and Lungs , is insured by DR . iOCOCK'SPULMONIC WAFERS . The truly TOufUrfal powers of this remedy have caUed forth testimonials from aR ranks of society , in all quarters ofthe world . Amongst others the following have been received : More cores of Asthmatic Coughs , Asthma , & c , in Dorchester .
Ad00422
BRITISH ^ COLLEGE OP HEALTH , Ebw-boad , " London , 10 ^ Tf ^^ IALTsOCIAL REFORMERS THROUGHOUT GREAT BRITAIN . JZft ? ?' " ^ - as m 08 t easUy y ° f ^< ra £ t &^ octets for ages cheated tlie peopll on £ t vo ^ r m ? l heir ^^ - « 1 l the reforms sss ^ jsar of to ™** k &» "ffe are , Pello w-CountrymeD , '" 'Stt ^ Wtaj W ^ ^ afr ^ 5 ^
Ad00423
THU CHEAPEST EDITION EVER PUBLISHED . Price Is . 6 d ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAINE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Now Ready , a New Edition of Hb . 0 , 'OOHHOB'S WORK ON SMALL FARM Sold by J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternost row , London ; A . Ileywood , Oldham-street , Mancheste and Love and Co ., 5 , Nelson-strcct , Glasgow . And fy all Booksellers in Town and Country .
©O Oroi'
© o oroi'
Nornxguaji.—J. Sweet Acknowledges The Re...
NornxGUAJi . —J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the foUowing sums , sent herewith , viz .: —Fokthe Honesty Fc . nd . —Mr . "Wild 3 d ; Mr . Kirk 2 d ; Mr . Gumley Gd ; Mr . Mellors Is . —Total , Is lid . —[ The following should have appeared last week . ]—Mr-. John Hunt 5 s ; Mr . Wild 3 d ; Mr . Hudson 3 d ; Mr . Broadhead Cd ; Mr Hurst Is ; Mr . W . Cheadle Is , Mr . Bostock 3 d , Mr . Edson 2 d . —Total , Ss 3 d , the sum sent as see last week ' s receipts . The O'Conxoii Ikdemktit Fdsid—Subscription at the lteading-room of Mr . Wright , Eagle Tavern , Garner ' s Hill , Nottingham , Mr , William James , collector : —Mr . James M'lntyrels ; Mr . Hardy Is ; Mr . John Simpson Is ; Mr . Mitchell Gd ; Mr . Willi , im James 3 d ; Mr . Hobert James 3 d ; Mr . James Warner Is ; Mr . Boyiugton , Gd ; Mr . Holmes Cd ; Mr . Turner 2 d ; Mr . William Knowles Is ; Mr . Cooper 4 d ; Mr . Attewell 5 d ; Mr . Fletcher 3 d ; Mr . fhore 3 d ; Mr . Joseph Mason Is 3 d ; Mr . Bullock 6 d ; Mr . Lawson Is ; Mr . Armstrong Id ; Mr . Edward Mason
4 d ; Mr . William Mason 4 d ; Mr . Bayley ad ; Mr . King Is ; Mr . Elliott 3 d ; Mr . Wilson Gd ; Mr . Haigh , 3 d ,-TotaL 14 s 4 d . Honesti Fund . —J . Skerritt , Nottingham , begs to acknowledge the receiptor the following sums ;—Mr . Peyser ' s book 3 s ; Mr . Christie ' s book 2 s 6 d ; Mr . Hallouu ' s book Is Sd ; Mr . French ' s book Is ; Mr . Mason ' s book 2 s Gd ; Mr . Liggett ' s book Is 4 d ; Mr . Oldknow ' s book 2 s 5 d ; Eagle Tavern , per Mr , James 14 s 4 . Mr . J . Mitchell . Jarrow . —lleceived . Thomas Davis , Bilston , will oblige by sending his adflrsss to John Arnott , 14 , Southampton-street , Strand , London . Mrs . M'Dooall acknowledges the receipt of the following sums from Ashton-under-Lyne : — February 25 th , 8 s ; March 3 rd , £ 15 s 6 d ; April 3 rd , 7 s 6 d . Mr . Wat , Gaekabd , Ipswich . — We are unavoidably compelled to postpone the publication of your letter until next week . J . J . C . —The order has not come to hand .
Sale Of The Geeat Dodfoed Estate. There ...
SALE OF THE GEEAT DODFOED ESTATE . THERE are eighty acres , or tWeabouts , of the Dodford Estate yet unoccupied , which will be put up and sold by auction in Bromsgrove , and will be duly advertised in the local newspapers . The sale will take place oil the loth of April .
The Hobtkern Stab Satue;»Ay, April 13, 1s50.
THE HOBTKERN STAB SATUE ;» AY , APRIL 13 , 1 S 50 .
Public Health. One Of The Most Prominent...
PUBLIC HEALTH . One of the most prominent points in the alinisterial programme for the present session , was the promise it held out of extensive sanitary reforms . At the commencement ofthe year , the salutary terror inspired by the calamitous and deadly-visitation ofthe Cholera had not quite faded from recollection . But in these cases "Time works wonders . " With tbelengthening days of spring , the memories of
last year , and the desolation and mourning which entered so many homes , grew fainter . Sanitary Reformers are listened to like the tellers of some thrice told tale , very good in its way , hut rather a bit of a bore and onr hardworked Government and Board of Health , have , as yet , gone no further than the initiatory Blue Books—if we can appl y the term initiatory—to that which may introduce nothin o \
' ! Now , considering the fact that measures introduced after Easter have hut little chance of passing in the same session , and that the two great measures of Sanitary Beform , which are most imperative , are also certain to be bitterly opposed , because they involve interference with private vested interests of considerable value , it is certainly high time that the promised measures of the Government made their appearance .
One of the most important and interesting of these measures to the whole of the inhabitants of London , is that relative to a better supply of water . The two millions and a half of inhabitants in the province of brick which lines both sides of the Thames , are dependent for a supply of this most indispensable article upon a number of private companies , who measure their extortions by the extent of the necessities of thehel pless masses the Legislature has delivered up to them . The filthy , partially
filtered , M'ater of the river—itself the common outfall and receptacle of all the unutterable and enormous impurities of London—is the main supply for its inhabitants , and that at very high prices . There are tens of thousands of houses not even thus supplied , and in the case of whole districts , which are solely inhabited by the poor , the supply is intermittent . All medical authorities have agreed that this was one cause why the cholera was so deadly in these districts , and why so large a proportion of disease is constantly present in them .
Considerable activity was evident some time since with reference to this matter ; but , if we are rightly informed , nothing is to be done this year at least . The new plans referred to a Committee of the House of Commons will be reported against , and the whole question shelved for the present . We do not , in the slightest , mean to impugn the decision of the Committee with respect to these plans , but we do say , it will be most disgraceful , if , after all that has been said and done , the public are still left at the mercy of the Water Companies , and compelled to pay dearly for the scanty and impure liquid now doled out to them . No doubt the question is one of considerable difficulty and magnitude , but that is an additional
reason why no time should be lost in dealing with it . Further delay will only give greater strength and means to those -whose interest it is to maintain the present system . Another sanatory measure of the most essential importance , is the abolition of burials in towns . The public are deeply indebted to Mr . G . A Walker , surgeon , for his untiring zeal , and for the time , energy , and resources , he has devoted to the exposition and demonstration of the evils arising from this cause . But the necessity for a large radical and general measure , no longer rests upon his authority , or upon the authority of single individualsThe General
. Board of Health has presented a Eeport to Parli ament , in which the pestilential effects of the practice of intramural interments are fully set forth , and a new and comprehensive plan of extramural interment is proposed . It is shown , that the gases generated by the decomposition of putrescent bodies permeate the surrounding soil , and escape into the air above and the water beneath ; and that this decomposition and expansion often takes place with so much force that they break the leaden coffins in which the body is confined . . In the g reat majority of instances , they rise upwards , and directly pollute the air . In estimating the effect of these deleterious ema-
Public Health. One Of The Most Prominent...
nations onr the rUy ^^ Bystemr- -it . 'Bhould rl ) e known that organic matter , ; which ; is passing through , the proces . s ; jjf '" decay , is capable ; of communicating itSjOwn . peculiar state to similarorgam ^ . formSy-withwhich . itjmay come in contact , ; whethe ' ri ; living or , ; dead . ;; Decaying w . ood , > or . tainted . flesh , . for example ,- is . capable of causing similar . decay , orputrefaction ^ * , another piece ; ,. of . wood or flesh , When the
living body ; is exposed to these putrid emanations , in . a highly ; concentrated state , ithe effects are immediate and deadl y . ; when more diluted , they still taint the system , inducing a morbid condition , which renders it more prone to disease in general ; . but especially to all forms of epidemic disease . Malignant fevers , and . dysentery , are almost specific results of their action . Two instances of the terrific
and fatal character of these gases are given in the Report ,, among many of a similar kind . Two grave-diggers perished instantly , in 1841 , on descending into a grave in St . Botolph ' s churchyard , Aldgate . Four of the crew of an American ship went on shore in Whampoa Roads , near Canton , to bury one of their comrades , who had died of dysentery , they happened to select a spot where a human body hadbeen interred two months previously . - The instant the . spade went through the lid
of the coffin , a most dreadful effluvium issued forth , and the two men engaged in the work , fell down nearly lifeless . With difficulty their companions approached near enough to drag them from tho spot and to fill up the place with earth . By the succeeding morning , the symptoms of malignant putrid reyer were fully developed in both men , of which disease one of them died on the fourth day , and the other on the morning of the fifth , their comrades were also affected , but moreslightly .
The mass of evidence adduced as to the deleterious effect of the church-yards of the Metropolis , must bring conviction home to the mind of every person who reads it , that by permitting these centres of pestilence to remain amongst a large population , we are surely , and largely poisoning them . . The evidence is , moreover , not confined to London ; in every one of our large towns the deadly miasma is at work .
The report also shows the incompatibility of town burials " with the decency and the solemnity of interment ,, and the consequent injurious reaction on the moral feeling of the community . Hitherto , however , this most objectionable and fatal practice has been maintained , because the clergy , and a , class of speculators in town grave-yards , had a vested interest in it . The General Board of Health proposes to abolish entirely all interments within towns , tind to provide public burial grounds at suitable distances , with a limitation as to the building of new houses in their
vicinity . They also propose to make it unlawful to inter more than one corpse in one grave , and , with respect to expense , they propose to regulate all funerals according to a series of scales or classes : the tariff to be prepared by the Board of Health we presume , from time to time , in accordance with the varied circumstances of each case ; and , to prevent imposition , that all the charges for each class shall be paid in one sum . Compensation is to be given to existing interests , and the present public rights are to be preserved intact in tho new burial grounds .
jSTow such a measure as this is imperatively called for . The poor man—as we have frequently shown—suffers far more from the loss of health than the rich man . To tho former health means bread and shelter , and the means of supporting his family ; its want means poverty , debt , starvation , the workhouse , and the pauper ' s grave ; with the consequent degradation , dispersion , and probably criminality of his family . But as yet there is no appearance of the Bill , by which benefits of so
important a character would be conferred upon the community . We have heard , in quarters where correct information is likely to circulate , that the Board of Health , even after their admirable report and outline of an efficient remedy for the evils they set forth , are likely to succumb to sinister influences , and play into the hands of the Parsons . If so , it will only be another illustration of the baleful influence which a privileged State Clergy exerts on the public interest .
At all events there can be no question that if the Government means to . do anything towards the redemption of its pledges on this subject , it is high time that their measures should make their appearance . If they do not do so soon , we may make up our iniiids that another year is lost , and that , the public interest in the matter having cooled down , it will be suffered to rest until another visitation of the Cholera spreads dismay and death among all classes of the population . , ?
Successful Moral Force Rebellion. The Co...
SUCCESSFUL MORAL FORCE REBELLION . The Colonists at the Cape of Good Hope hare regularl y defeated " Her Majesty ' s SECFtETARY of State for the Colonies / ' and thereby set an example to other Colonies that may be catching . Earl Grey , in defiance of the arrangement that the Cape was not to be a penal Colony , sent over last year a cargo of convicts in the ship Neptune , with a full determination to land them there ; and issued positive and unbending instructions to General Smith , the Governor of the Colony , to enforce his mandates . The Colonists immediately formed themselves into an Association , and
resolved upon sending the Governor and all his understrappers to Coventry—they would neither buy with them , sell with them , eat with them , nor drink with them . Contractors , who had entered into engagements under penalties to supply the Colonial Government with stores , were compensated for breaking their contracts , and , in short , the Governor and his troops were regularl y " starved out . " At length , however , the obstinacy of even Lord Grey was subdued , and with a very bad grace he ordered the' ship with its cargo of convicts , which had , during all the months of the contest been l ying in the bay , to proceed to Australia .
The victorious Colonists have , thereupon , duly celebrated their victory by passing a series of resolutions , which must be gall and wormwood to the Colonial Office , and in which they treat some offensive remarks ofthe " noble lord" very cavalierl y . They inform his lordship , in return , that they " are fully prepared and resolved to follow the same course , should his lordship or any other of his successors in office , even threaten them with a similar insult or wrong . " A grand illumination wound up the affair upon the departure of the obnoxious vessel .
This is quite a new method of warfare , and we hope that this instance of its efficacy will have the effect of causing it to be more generally adopted in disputes with obstinate and wrong-headed Governments . We observe , also , that " Annexation " Candidates have succeeded in several important districtsin Canada ; that , as we have alread y said , is only a question of time . The vaunted constitution for the Australian Colonies , about which so much has been said at ho me , seems , by the last advices , to have produced no excitement whatever at Sy dney , Our hold upon our
Colonies is relaxing . The Free Trade system has loosened the bonds which might otherwise have bound them to this country as the centre of a great empire , _ closel y knit together by race and commercial ties . They will now form such alliances as may most conduce to their own immediate advantage , and pursue their own career uninfluenced by . any considerations of the effect that may be produced in Great Britain . It may take some time before that policy is consummated , but that it is already in progress seems to admit of no question .
Successful Moral Force Rebellion. The Co...
r ; ' fiarixaiJlJXaisuxy xjxxmx ju-ju *** >• NAVY -SURGEONS . ' -EXPENDITuilE IN . THE OBPNANOE AND ADMIRALTY , : —¦ THE WINDO W TAX .-eOUNTY COURTS EXTEN-: ' ; . SION .-:: : . * . ; ¦ ;¦ ¦ :.,. : ¦ ; - , yr . ^ . . < : ¦ . : ; . -When theyTMraEK '' c 6 erce ; d / " -h ^ 8-: relucte ^ t followers into voting , against their consciences Upon the . African Squadron , it will bo remem-r bered that Mr . Charles Lushington said that step had seriously diminished' the confidence of " the Shattered Party" ' at the command of tlie . Ministers . If the "tf Party ' . ' was " Shattered" then the events of the first three sittings ofthe House of Commons of the Easter recess must have destroyed ,
entirely , what little remains of cohesion and vitality , it still possessed . If the Manchester toadies and tuft-hunters , who crowded round Lord John Russell during his Easter visit to that City , had been more truthful and less nattering ; if instead of glozing and sugared compliments upon his past political career , they had spoken plainly as to the requirer ments of the present hour , he might have perhaps better comprehended his position with the public . As it is , it almost seems as if he and his Cabinet were of opinion that they may safely defy public opinion , and deny with impunity every reform or improvement that may be asked for , whether that reform be large or small .
Previous to going into Committee on the Ordnance Estimates on Monday , Captain Boldeeo proposed an improvement in the position of Assistant Surgeons in the Navy . Their case offers a striking illustration of the oligarchical and offensive character of our institutions . The assistant-surgeons have the nominal , rank , and the real pay of a lieutenant in the -army , but they are really placed oh board ship in the same conventional position as the midshipmen , Instead of being allowed to mess with officers of their own , or even inferior rank , and like them allowed
separate cabins for sleeping and study , they are huddled into the cock-pit to consort with young lads , boiling over with fun and animal spirits , and are allowed only the few inches , of space necessary'to sling then- hammocks . The cockpit , as Capt . Boldero described it , is " a place in the hold of a ship where the sun never penetrates , where the only light is afforded artificially by means of lamps or candles , and where an impure atmosphere constantly prevails . " Any one who wants to get an accurate idea of the accessories amidst which an assistant-surgeon must pursue his professional
studies has only to read Smollett ' s Roderick Random , The writer himself had endured the indignities and the disgraceful treatment he so graphically and powerfully describes , but from that time to the present little has been done to ameliorate the condition of this most useful and indispensable class of public officers . They are still compelled to associate with the " middies" under circumstances totally opposed to anything like consecutive study , or professional improvement , and made to smart under the consciousness of a social indignity . Their case has been frequently brought up ,
and as frequently admitted to be one of great individual hardship , as well as public loss ; , but successive Govern , ments have been obstinately obstructive . Neither a sense of personal justice nor public benefit , has prevailed upon them- to give the men entrusted with the care of the lives of our " jolly tars , " those fitting means and appliances which are indispensable to the efficient performance of their duties . Engineers have been provided with separate cabins , and masters' mates also ; but then they have charge of
property , surgeons only look after life . Everybody knows the difference in tho estimate set upon the two things in this country when the lives happen to be those of the working and poorer classes . The consequence of these offensive and degrading arrangements on board ship , has been to deter well qualified persons from accepting the situation ; and notwithstanding the pressure of competition among a tolerably numerous profession , the Admiralty have , at times , been unable to find persons to fill the place , the pay of which is admitted to be , upon the whole , liberal .
In 1805 , it was agreed by the Lords in council , that assistant surgeons in the nayy should be placed on the same footing as those in the army . In 1830 , the present sovereign ordered that the medical officers in the two services should be assimilated ; and so late as 1847 , the committee on the army and navy expenditure strongly condemned the existing system ; but the oligarchical exclusive spirit which prevails among the aristocratical classes who monopolize the superior positions in these two departments , has rendered all these orders and
recommendations nugatory . Admiral Dundas , in repl y to Capt . Boldero ' s unanswerable speech , mumbled a few disjointed sentences , which were as devoid of common sense as they were of logic , pertinence , or argument . In one thing , however , he showed himself a true Whig . In the face of an overwhelming avalanche of petitions , in favour of the change , he averred , that it was not wanted by the navy surgeons , who had not petitioned . Mr . Hume promptly and properly replied , that when the Admiralty Board snubbed even admirals when they presumed to find fault with its
management , it was not likely that poor men would run the risk of censure and dismissal , for complaining of their High Mightinesses . The House showed its sense of the official reply , by beating Ministers with a majority of eight , whereupon Sir F . Baring—the First Lordbacked by a subordinate Lord ( Admiral Berkeley ) virtually snapped their fingers in the face of the House , and told them it was no use agreeing to resolutions that could not bo carried out , videlicet , that these same ' ¦ lords" are determined not to cany out . We shall see what the upshot will be—whether Ministers or Parliament will succumb .
In tho discussions on the Ordnance and Navy , which occupied the remainder of the night , the usual revelations were made of the expensive , unsatisfactory , and , in many instances , profligate expenditure in our National Establishments . What do our readers think of a charge of £ 80 , 961 for an establishment maintained for the purchase of about £ 100 , 000 worth of old stores a year ? The only defence offered by Col . Anson , was that , bad as that is , there was a time when it was much worsewhen it cost more , and did even less . That , no doubt , is true enough . But what then ? Is it any justification for making " ducks and drakes" of the money wrung from a toiling , and , as far as large masses are concerned , le ? The establishment not
a suffering peop only costs this enormous sum for doing such a small business , but it does that very badly . Col . Anson himself was driven to admit , that the store accounts "have been kept in a most imperfect and unsatisfactory manner , " though presenting in themselves no difficulties to men of real business . The truth is , that the whole department seems to be arranged upon the principle of " hide and seek . " It has abundance of strength , but it is so arranged that the officers spend their time in hunting after each other . The machine is curiously contrived to produce the least possible effect , with the largest possible expenditure of power and money . Jack does nothing , and Tom helps him .
As usual on a " supply night" the House was almost empty . The Ministerial benches had a few members thinl y dispersed to make a show . Colonel Sibthorp , and one other Member , for a very long time , were the sole occupants ofthe Protectionist—and , so-called " Opposition "—benches . This fact enables us to judge of the sincerit y of some of the tenants , of these benches , who , upon other occasions , put themselves forward as advocates of economy and reduction of taxation . There can be onl y one hmf . de way ofreducingtaxa-
Successful Moral Force Rebellion. The Co...
tion ,-namely , ' -by , xeducing .. „ expehditure . ; ] any other method is amere juggle , , ahd can only end in shifting the burden from one part of tho community to another . ' That is / the Protectionisi ; ' "dodge . " They are interested , as a party , In maintaihg ' our large and extravagant expenditure in every ; department of the state , because they ; belong to the fat kine who pasture upon the Goshen . thus provided for them . When they talk of financial remissions and alterations , theysimply intend to keep all they have now got for their class , and to throw some of the taxation they now pay on the shoulders of the middle and industrious classes . They want to get more / row , and to less tothe National Exchequer . *; ... - ~ . —1- -u- , ^ ., »; « ^ aaitnrfl b . hv
pay , The gallant Member for Lincoln made an unsuccessful attack upon ' the salaries and establishment of the Admiralty . He flew _ at high game , and proposed not only a reduction in'the salaries of the Lords themselves , but also in their number . That there was room for reduction may bo judged from the fact , that the management of the Admiralty costs the round sum of £ 137 , 100 . Of this £ 13 , 700 goes to six Lords and their Secretaries , and no less a sum than £ 37 , 700 to the porters , messengers , and servants who wait upon , and run the . messages of , these said Lords
and Secretaries ! The manner in which this singular result is brought about , is a curious illustration of the ingenuity of official folks , in contriving p lans for spending the people ' s money , and multiplying places and patronage for themselves . They keep two different . establishments in London , in preference to conducting all the business under ' one roof , or at least in contiguous premises ; hence the host of porters and messengers required . Then the salaries of these same porters and messengers are most gentlemanly .
True , there is not quite as much intellect and scholarly qualification required for the situation , as for a National Society schoolmaster , or the surgeon of a Poor-law Union , but the pay is , in some cases , six or seven times ,- in others three or four times as much . A happy and a well-paid set of porters , messengers , and servants , are they who live under the benign and generous away of the Lords of the Admiralty . But looking at the composition and duties of the Board itself , our wonder ceases at this . The members are evidently an easy-going ,
pleasure-loving race . Their mam duty seems to be to run down occasionally to our great naval ports , and under the pretence of a " tour of inspection" to indulge in sundry junketings , and eat a few good dinners with the . magnates ofthe locality . Now we have no objection to anybody enjoying the good things of this life , but we grumble , " rather , '' when we have to pay the piper , and are mulcted of even ordinary comforts , in order to provide the means for these and similar extravagancies .
We need not say that the voting of the Estimates was not interrupted by any " untoward accident . " Mr . HUME ^ Mr . Cobden , and two or three other members , kept up a running fire of interpellations and objections ; but the business proceeded steadily , and at an hour past midnight , the few who had weathered out the long sitting , went home with the satisfaction that they had disposed of a good round amount of the annual taxation ; and maintained , untouched in all their rank luxuriance , those " pleasant fields and pastures green , " which form the refuge and browsing ground for that aristocracy that does us the honour to condescend to manage our
affairs for us . The consequence of reckless and unjustifiable extravagance on Monday night , was illustrated on Tuesday . Lord Duncan moved for the Repeal of the Window Tax ; a clearer , stronger , more unanswerable case , never was laid , before Parliament . On every ground it was triumphant . In 1845 , when he first mooted the question , Sir Robert Peel , then Minister , admitted the justice of the demand , and promised it his consideration . Had he remained in office , we have no doubt he would
have redeemed his promise , and dealt with the question in some way or other ; but in that year , Lord John Russell , by a factious and unprincipled combination , drove him from office , and , in 1848 , was obliged by Lord Duncan to confess , that the argument was wholly in favour of the suggested remission . Why was the tax not repealed , then ? Because the then deficiency in the revenue would not permit it . The case is now altered . We have a surplus , not yet exactly disposed of , notwithstanding the Chancellor ofthe Exchequer ' s Budget . Besides , we have the mischievous
and costly African Squadron , that we might easily get rid of . That would furnish of itself one million sterling towards the sixteen or eighteen hundred thousand pounds produced by this most partial , unequal , oppressive , and health destroying tax . Sir O . Wood , in reply , blundered and stammered and boggled more than usual with that burning and shining light of Wliiggery . He was evidently at fault , and did not know what to say , while with the obstinacy in wrong-doing which characterises the whole party , he was resolved not to yield . He was the only man who ventured to open
his , mouth in opposition to the motion for Repeal , the other " noble lords" and " hon . gentlemen , " who voted with the Government , were as dumb as Egyptian mummies . It would have been satisfactory to have had Lord Ebrington ' s reason , for instance , for voting against the Repeal of the Window Tax . He professes to be a great Sanatory Reformer ; and so enthusiastic was he in the cause , that he even went down to Plymouth and delivered a lecture to his Constituents on the subject , in which he strongly and unequivocally condemned this tax , as the fruitful source of many
physical and moral evils among the working and poorer classes . Yet , on Tuesday night , he voted against its remission . The unanimous opinion of all great economical , social , and medical authorities are decisively condemnatory of the tax ; and the excessively partial way in which it falls upon only a very small section of the community , and that mostly a struggling one , renders it a most obnoxious impost , On a division Ministers were virtually
beaten . Seventy-seven voted for the Repeal , and eighty against it , leaving a miserable majority of three ! in support of this most nefaririous and unjust tax . Mr . ' King and Mr . ALCOCK , the members for Surrey , were prevented by the Quarter Sessions from arriving in time for the division—which , by the way , was pressed on with all the consciousness that nothing could be said in defence of the taxotherwise the majority would only have been one !
If we had honest men , or capable men in office , such an unequivocal demonstration of the feeling of Parliament would produce an immediate effect ; but we have no hope whatever of the present Government . They seem to be devoid of an official conscience . Defeats make them only cling more closely to their seats . Warning divisions impel them to a more determined defence of abuses : they seem to glory in defying not only the opinion out of doors , but also in Parliament , wherever they think they may do it , and not lose place and salary . If Lord Duncan , however , follows up his virtual victory on Tuesday , as we think he ought to do , or if some other member was to renew the motion before the
brick dust and illusory budget of the Chancellor is carried , we are of opinion , that even in this session this most indefensible tax could be swept away , despite of the instinctive tenacity wherewith Whigs cling to an abuse .
Another instance of the almost infatuated determination of the Cabinet to resist every improvement , as far as they possibl y can , was afforded on Wednesday , when Sir G . Grey opposed the extension of the jurisdiction of the County Courts from £ 620 to £ 80 , The
Successful Moral Force Rebellion. The Co...
existing law hasibeen ; : jperhaps , ^ h 7 / ^ moat beneficial of iFs ' ^ rid tha ' t e e ! ^^ 8 through the Legislature ^; and that the ^ ' * feeling . w as unanimousl y in favour of ^' tension 6 t this method of bringing c ^ e *" summary justice tb "" every man's do an < * proved by the shoals of petition ^' l ^ poured in from all classes . Theonlypn i' ^ had any interest in opposing the Bill ^ ° lawyers , who would thereby bo den ^ V the opportunity of swallowin g the ov * 0 ? the old ffshion , and leaving the onJ ?™? ^ for their clients . S ^ « H existing law has't ieen ^ -lberriano ^ STT " " ?'" ^
Here again , however , the want of i tion , or of tactics , or the desperation * party who' are aware that they are ° , ° * a a losing game , and are driven almost V " - by the conviction , were exhibited n T nistry were beaten by the o venvhelminff jority of seventy-seven in a House of ? , *" members . The Government which peatedly encounters defeats , both on lam **' small measures , must , according to ti ^ nary rules of political reasoning , be held ^" JOMb wimueuce
nave me 01 trie COUntrv the Legislature , and ought , therefore t a ^ from office . The question which \ v \ S everybody , and alone keeps them in 0 ffiC (> who is to succeed them ? But , we believe V « even that fear will not much longer s « rv «? Whigs—the nation will not much lonJ . upon the idea in their case , that 'tis
" Better to bear the evils that we have llian fly to others that wc know not of . " and risk all the awful chances enumerate by Mr . Lushington , as the cost of turnZ the Whigs out of office . nia &
Monies Received Fob Ihe Week Ending Thur...
MONIES RECEIVED Fob ihe Week Ending Thursday April 11 , 1850 . '
THE HONESTY FUND , Received by W . Ripkr , —From Sandbach-I { String , 2 sGd—J . Butterworthls—T . Evans Is—S . Bostocfefi r Skelton Gd-W . M . Gd-T . Stringer Gd-J . Cottcrill fid _ j ' Lee Gd—J . Smallwood fid—Dawgrecn , De « 'sbm . nor t " Holt Is 2 d-W .. Coats , Stokesley ls-J . Canon , cSftW Is Gd—a few Friends , Luddenden , per J . Lord 2 s—Uxbridtra Cd—J . Smith , Kennoway Burns Is—Thorp , nearTamworUi 8 s—a few Chartists , Wotton-uuder-Edge , per It . Lacey 1 J _ Friends of Democracy , Bristol , per F . Ilammtrsley \ u ~ Nottingham , per J . Sweet Is lid . —From Limehouse-j Varty Is—J . Addy ls-R . Pitt ls-H . Squires ls-J . Anl derson is—J . Myerscough is—J . Bowman is—G . Howell is — -W . Roser , Brixton Is—Shelton , per J . Yates lt _ E Clark , Draper , Dewsbury IOs-a few Friends , Heighten ! near Huddersfield , per E . Clayton 4 s-Thomas Jackson
ffingate Is—T . Lewis , Ragland , per J . C . Ingram , Aberga . venny 2 s Gd—Bristol , per C . Clark 3 s 9 cL—From Lough , borough , per J . Skevington-J , Arnott Gd-M . Gill Cd—a Friend ei—Mr . Taylor 6 d Loughborough , a Friend CcU I-rom Kidderminster— G . Holloway Ss Gd—W . Ilatton ls-W . Paton Is—C . Atwood Is—J . O'Leary 6 d—T . Wanbury 3 d ( less , order , 3 d ) . —From Higham , Derbyshire—C . Tinley ls-J . Bryan ls-G . Hopltinson ls-G . Naylor ls-A . Milnei Gd—T . Cupit Gd ,-From Newton Ayr—W . Davidson Is—J , Rusk Is—Manchester , per J ; Alcock 8 s 4 d—Rochdale , Fe . male Chartists 10 s—a few Friends at a work near Rochdale , per B . 5 s—Northampton , per Mr . Jones 5 s—Holbeck , per Mr . Sykes 17 s 2 d . Received by John Ansorr , — Esther Waddington , u ' ppe Holloway Is . 6 ' ™
£ s . d . Received by W . Rider .. .. 9 i 10 Received by John Arnott ., 0 10
Total £ 9 5 10
FOR MACNAMARA'S ACTION . Received by W . Rider . —Mr . Haddon , Loughborough , per J . Skevington Gd . AGITATION FOR THE CHARTER . Received by W , Rider , —E , Clark , Dewsbury 2 s Gd—Received by John Anworr , — Merthyr Tydril , per Matthew J « hn 10 s—Gainsborough , per W . Hewlett 10 s—J . Hewlett , Thame Is—Thorp Hall , per W . Wilkinson 10 s—Newcastleon-Tyne , per Martin Jude lGs 9 d—collected at John-street 11 Os 10 £ d—Cards at John-street 7 s 9 d—Richard Isham Is —John 13 . Leno Is—Archibald Campbell Is—Charles Jones Is—Alfred Jones Is—A . J . Is—Birstal , per F . W . Suck . smith lis—Hanley , per J . Yates IS 10 s—Mr . Rider 2 s Cd-High Wycombe , per Mr , A . Turner 5 s—Mr , Robert Pud . geon , Fadiham Is ,
FOR MRS . JONES . Received by W . Rideb . —Ultra , Bradford , Wilts Is . FOR MRS- M'OOUALL . Received by W . Rider . —E .: Clark , draper , Dewsbury Is . WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received by W . Rider . —Uxbridge Gs—J . Smith , Kennoway Bums Is—a few Democratic Tailors , Bond-street 0 s 3 d—E . Clark , draper , Dewsbury Is fid—Bristol , perC . Clark Is M , : NATIONAL VICTIM FUND . Received by Jons Abnott , Secretay . —Proceeds of Ilarr monie Meeting ' , Whittington and Cat , per II . Bloomfield 4 s 6 d—collected at Harmonic Meeting , Whittington and Cat , per H , Bloomfield os Gd—Mr . Rider , as per Star 19 s 6 d , By a typographical error in our list for Honesty Fund , published last week , sixpence is stated as the first subscription from Chester ; it ought to have been six shillings , per J . Roberts .
To The Editor Op The Northern Stab. Deah...
TO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAB . Deah Sir , — 'When a man in whom you had some confidepce becomes a liar , a calumniator , and a slanderer , it is the bounden duty of honest men to lend a hand in exposing the knave . I hope that Mr . James Beatty will feel peculiar pleasure on seeing his two letters , which I herewith enclose , in "the lying first page of the Northern Stw" Those letters , with a thousand others from various parties , were seized by Luke Prender , of the Dublin Detective-force ( whose initials they bear ) , at my house on the 27 th of July , 1848 . It may be well to file tho orig inals for the inspection of the curious . Truly yours , Patrick O'Higgixs . Dublin , April 3 rd , 1 S 50 .
Rockcorry , 23 rd August , 181 ? . Sir , —I return you and Mr . Woodward my sincere thanRs for your kindness in sending the six Stars and other papers , . oil of which have been going the rounds of this neighbourhood , find , since lh « n , every person I meet ig inquiring for more . I had a Star paper of the week before last from a person from Glasgow , which gave an account of yow pro > ceedings , wherein Mr . O'Connell got pretty well told p it Many of his old friends say they have done with nun , others would like to see proof positive , before they would credit what was said at jour meeting , concerning his language about the Irish priesthood . Perhaps , you couM favour me with tho whole of his speech on the occasion . * am just after reading his address to Mr . Sturge , from tnc
Vindicator , and the slight he seemed to throw on your Aosociation . Poor Dan , to his eternal disgrace , itsuau appear to an enlightened kingdom , that he alone is , ana has been the check , the only check or hindrance , to tne rapid advance ofthe principles of equal , unnght , just , ano glorious freedom ; he has , at last ( though loth ) , swaUowea most of the disagreeable potion , do coax hun a little . give him the bag to hold , do : and , perhaps , he wdl call vou his dear hoys . I would tell Mr , O'Connell , once for all , he must come to the ugly p M called the glorious Charter , come gaping : or he is done with the whole of his former admirers , for , I assure you , he must not dare to hold up his head in this part of an enlightened world , it he c >• ' - tinues to point the finger of scorn at the brave the nowe enlightened , and , thank God , fermidable body of Chartisb , nor at any portion of them in our United Kingdom . m » weakest intellect can see through his petty quibbles on leai
Universal Suffrage . I would advise him to turn a new , and , if possible , hide the oldboofc Go on , Sir , steaciuv , leave your cause in the hands of a wise Pro vidence , v . w will not cast even the poor Chartists from him , or iiesjiw » them , but when he sees their cause a just , a holy one , « " . in his own time and manner , give them that and , ner V he thinks them worthy to enjoy the blessing of « b ? "J ' ,, " dare say no Hitherto your firmness has been the cau » of all the concessions that have been made to your pi "" - pies . Continue that firmness , and my life on tne resm . Turn neither right nor left , let those ' that desptoi . w weakness take care not to reckon without their nosi . assure you , if vou had a few lecturers out tor a WYi qL time , they wonldhave little to do but enrol members , u , ¦ . '¦> for one visit from the dear Hobert Lowry ; I begge d ot nuu to come once more to Ireland , and he told me he wouW « v
it before the Executive , and would , not faU if they sanctioned it . A few like him would do the business ; seno fortli lecturers , send them out . You apprehended that i would meet with great difficulties , but they are far trow being great , few , indeed , from what might have been expected . Knowledge , I consider , is ofthe first impor tanco towards the recovery of lost rights and privileges ; » nd . r : firmly convinced , from the effects of the principles ot iae Charter on myself , that what will he gained by that principle from a union of at J , will never be lost by disunion . I hope , Sir , you wiU send me , from time to time , a P of that knowledge which may be lying useless ««» hands ; and . rely on It , I shall spread and water J W" J own feeble exertions . I reside in llockcorry , vtiuvpost town , but my exertions go farther , I " " ?_„ ; „» to number in Cotehill also . The people here »» e beginmn „ ^ talk of subscribinct for the Star , and some have wriiw Scotland to their friends , and areS ettin B j ^ irjv I remain , Sir , yours mos t ^ dienfly , ^
Rockcorry , 25 * July , Mr-Bn . -Iteke the liberty of writing a &« ^ Jffl though unknown to you farmer than by scemg youi n . appear in the proceedings of the ^ mverjal SnfbMeM ^^ tion in Dublin . I have been residing m *«™!^ en tJy , lately , where I have heard Mr . Robert Lom *« QJ { Jj on the principles of the Charter , which I de « arc * . , approve , and since I came home I have , » £ " * % , « to striven to spread tho principle . If I could get > - 14 assist me , I might do much good to the cause . >> , „ gladly receive Stars , or other papers , or circularo , »» ^ may rely on it I would make the use intended by « haS ting them . I have had one Star , dated 9 th July , I ' ' ms given the greatest pleasure to both of the foolish w j here : they aU appear to be sick ofthe present sy = > K ^ beg of you , Sir , to give me all the aid in your PPJJJ ^ s , sending a part of the old Radical papers , Stars , " , _ jja 5 and , I think , a copy of the National Petition , wn "" . not been seen here , would be useful , the Charter , a r phlet , with such tools I could efieet much good , I am , Sir , a Mend to universal justice James Beatty , Shoemaker , Rockcorry , county Monsgna "'
A Deaf And Dumb Child, Aged Six . Years,...
A deaf and dumb child , aged six . years , has bejj expelled from Zurich , as A " politically a » ng « v «» obaracter , ' *
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 13, 1850, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_13041850/page/4/
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