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admission bvirtueto the Republics of Rom...
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AF&vmvi feittcUigence.
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FRANCE. TRIAL OF THE REPUBLICAN CHIESS A...
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MEMBERS OP THE HOUSE OF COMMONS CONNECTE...
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OX PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GEXEKATIVP INCAPACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MAKUIAGE
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Admission Bvirtueto The Republics Of Rom...
, . - - x - ^ . ' ' . . THE NORTHERN STAR . _ MARCH i 7 ; j 84 iK ** ——~—— - * * " " ^^ " 7 ~ " 7 7 " 7
Af&Vmvi Feittcuigence.
AF & vmvi feittcUigence .
France. Trial Of The Republican Chiess A...
FRANCE . TRIAL OF THE REPUBLICAN CHIESS AT BOURGES . M . M . CAUSSIDIERE ArlD LOUIS BLANC .
The following letters have been zddressed to the Eefonne . by MM . Caussidiere and Louis Blanc : — To ire Co-CmzESs , —In refusing to appear to-day before Hie high court of justice which it has pkased my enemi !* to institute to judge the fects of the 15 th of May , » am bound toexplainmy refusal The conviction of . my innocence ought to induce me to appear iefbre njyJn ? gS ' " ! j asithasnot protected me before «*«?* ?* SS colleagues of the Assembly , wfee condemned mo ™™™ nearin ' s me , I * ra induced to ^ ttatMg ; parfiaUtv and hatred wHchi « irsue 4 me m * e | Mds ^ tmy SSe ^ es - «» l < i accompanyffle toBourg ^ . ^^ m *& £ truth audju ^ cc are not ^ n ^ lmu ^ t for ^^ to ^ chlbelonsed ^ o ^ to be ^ p la ^ - ^ & ^ tttiszpsgz ^ zssz the
HFTZSZZ' ^ nrevsiT a gainst the conduct declara-^ v ^ ShaHTin tho midst of the mos t difficult circam-S- ^ . lfe ' S wy u ^ tien-maintained ^ ton-Sty in Paiis and respect for person and property 5 if JWwhen expatiated , the hate « f < Se reactionaries attached to my stecs mixes np my name every day with attempts at supposed disorder , < jBght I to increase -the nnmber ofthe vittims of the enennes of social harmony ? Are not the prisons and the huUs sufficiently full ? So deliver myself into the hands of those who betray the meal aiterests of the ouvriers and commerce , of those who -sacri--fice the dignhy-wid honour of tJje < country to satisBj = their ambition and personal interests , nvould be a folly , and for a long time the democrats have . "been the victims of their confidence and ofthe sp irit of fraternity which animates Ihem . It behoves us to exercise some caution , for Use only object is to put down the Hepufilicans . It is not justice before whom lam called to appear . London Mtrch 3 , 1818 . Catsshhere .
In quitting Paris on the 25 ft of August , I said that on ihe day of trial I would present myself before a fury , and 4 hat nothing in the world should prevent me frem keeping this promise , the observance of his word being-one of the duties of an honest man and the virtue of a Republican . But in August I did not pledge myself to appear before a Hibunal , constituted in November . In August I did not engage to present myself before an excepfionaljurisdiction , created three months later iby the very men who proscribed me , and with the view of obtaining my conviction by a retroactive measure , in contempt ofthe princhfles of eternal justice . The decision to which the National Assembly , in contradiction with itself , has given rise , and tfee indictment , which does not contain a « ngle serious charge , afford suffi--rient proof that evidence Is nothing where political passions -are dominant . Paris is abandoned to the sway of force xaore than ever . The scandal of arbitrary arrests is extreme . The counter-revolution is dominant and furious ; under such circumstances , and placed under the dominion
« f the most shameful injustice ever exhibited , I reserve to anyself the right of dedSng , If to serve my cause , I can do tetter than to throw myself into hands of my enemies . She day cannot be far distant when party hatred shall -yield to the voice of truth . I protest and bide my time . I have read the act of accusation , and feel my heart divided 2 > etween indignation and pity . It states that I succeeded , on the loth of Jlay , in escaping from the Hotel de Yille ; -that a rumour to that effect had been spread ; that , on the lath of Jlay , far from endeavouring to disperse the people , I felicitated it on having conquered the right to petition ; and a few lines further down I am shown advising the people to aUow the Assembly to deliberate freely ; that , on the 13 th of May , at the Luxembourg , I held certain factious language ; and the JhwrrEcu shows that on the 13 th of May I was no longer at the Luxembourg , which had been given np to the executive commission . This is now called justice in Franca I add no more . London , ilarch 3 . Louis Blaxc .
[ We beg to express our cordial approbation of ihe decision expressed by Citizens Louis Blanc and Caussidiere in the above letters . Better remain in exile than commit themselves to the power of iheir enemies—the enemies of Democracy—whot insensible to the princ ' ples of honour and justice , would only be too happy to glut their hatred by adding the above-named patriots to their already long l st o { victims . } Boueges , WfiDir esDAT , March 7 . —Long before the hour fixed for the commencement of busings , every avenue leading to the court , which is held in the Palais de Pacques Cceur , was thronged with persons anxious to obtain an entrance . The accommodation offered to the public was , from the small dimensions of the court , extremely limited . A large
detachment of sergens de ville had come from Paris with the prisoners , and remained to assist in carrying out the regulations during the trial . Pew military , except the local gendarmiere , appeared under arms ; all were , however , kept in readiness in case of need . On a table in front of that of the president lay the -various articles seized , and which were brought forward in support of the prosecution ; amongst them stood out in prominent relief the casqne and uniform of the pompier , as well as a large flag carried at the head of the invaders of the Chamber afterwards displayed at the Hotel de Yille . The jurymen , drawn together from all parts of France , come , some of them , a distance of 100 leagues . Among the company in the gallery were Mme . Bonne , the wife of one of the prisoners ; and the two daughters of ihe ex-General Courtais , and his mother .
The jury , to the number of eighty-six , were drawn by lot . The members ofthe Council-General of the Cber were required to be present . At a quarter before eleven o'clock , M . de Berenger , the president , with the other judges , dressed in ( heir official costume , entered the court and the proceedings commenced . The decree of the National Assembly was first read by Af . Baroche , the Procnleur-General . declaring the constitution of the High Court of Justice ; after which the names of the jury were called over . The huissier called aloud the name of XL Martin Bernard , representative of the people ; and that gentleman , having answered , entered the jurv . room .
At a quarter to one the prisoners were introduced , and seated with a gendarme between each . They ire re all well-dressed , and on entering cast their eyes round the court , and saluted such of their acquaintances as they recognised in the gallery . They all appeared rather pale , doubtless from their long confinement , bnt did not seem much cast down , occasionally looking round with an air of the coolest indifference . Raspail , immediately on entering , occupied himself in taking notes . The prisoners were then momentarily withdrawn , and recalled in the following order!—Raspail , Sobrier , Bathes , Albert , Blanqui , Larget , Quentin , Flotte , Courtais . At half-past one the president and the judges again entered the court , and the names of the prisoners were called over .
Blanqui , on his name being pronounced , addressed the president , protesting against beipg tried by the exceptional court which had been constituted for the trial , both in Ms own name , and in that of his fellow accused ; he therefore refused to- take any part in the discussion . Albert said , on hearing his name read , that he would not answer any question . Barbes did the same , declaring that he would sot recognise ihe competency of the court to try him . Sobrier gave Bis name and age , bnt declared that he should make no defence . Raspail said he was ready to reply under certain reservations ; and Flotie refused to reply . The President then addressed the jury , after which Blanqui again rose , and complained that the charges to be brought against the accused had not been communicated to them . Kaspail next made a similar complaint .
Barbes again rose to protect in toto against the competency of the High Court of Justice ; bnt he was stopped iiy the president , who said his remarks must he reserved until a future stage in the proceedings . The registrar of the court then commenced reading the indictment , which enters into a long and detailed account of the procession along the boulevards to the National Assembly , and of the iuva * sion of the Chamber , the particulars of which are sufficiently known to our readers ; and then proceeds to State the conduct of Barnes on that
occasion , when he mounted the tribune and demanded She immediate marching of an army to Poland , and the imposition of a milliard on the wealthy . It next details the conduct of Barbes on leaving the Chamber for the Hotel de Yille , and there issuing a list of a new Provisional Government , and of his arrest iu that building In company -with Albert , Borme , and Thomas . The indictment then points oat the part taken by each respectively in the affair ofthe 15 : h May . Caussidiere is represented as the author of a plan concocted with Sobrier to over , throw a part of the Provisional Government . ' The coalition of these twomen , ' continues the indictment , ' explains the manner in which the large quantity of arms and ammunition was divided between the
Prefecture of Police and the boose in the rue deBivoli . The question was at one time discussed at the latter place of setting fire to the capital . Caussidiere recommended the manufacturing of fire-balls in the provinces , and allowed Bonne to try an ex * periment with some in the Court ofthe Prefecture . ' After some further details of matters already well-Snown theindictment concludes as follows : — ' Con . sideringthat from the examinations and documents produced , there are , first , against Blanqui , Flotte Albert , Barbes , Sobrier , Baspail , Quentin , Degre ! Larger , Borme , Thomas , . Louis Blanc , Seigneuret , HonneiB , Huber , Lavirron , and Chancel , sufficient proofs of their having , in May , 1848 , been guilty of * n attempt to destroy or change the Government , and alto for having attemptedto excite civil war fs 3 armone citizen against another ; and against
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la ^^ r-ESSa rsrr ^ r ^ s ^ -r to law . ' a-- '„„ f that nart ' of ; 'the indict-Durinjr the reading oi that part ment ' ?? £ : iml tionoU mUliard on the rich , d ^ SKPtt *«* thatwt want-^ S Crou ? s ^ aiage ^ Pa « s , . alUheac d rose in the greatest emotion . Blanqui declared in the most forcible manner titat no such proposition
had been made ; Barbes repeated a like contradiction , and denounced it * s a falsehood and-calumny Raspail protested ag tfcstit with the most animated «» tures Tie ' designatei it as an cfficral falsehood , whichtt was disgraceful on the part of the Procureur GeneKl to have inserted in the indictment . The Prooweur . GBneal appealed to the President against seen language . This incident causes a certain sensation in the court . "Quentin afterwards rose , and protested against the calumnies uttered against them in
the indictment . " When the reading of the indictment bad been completed , Bnfees again rosete protest against the competency flfane court , but was stopped by the President , on which Barbes declared that he would not again cater the court nnless compelled . The names of the witnesses were then called over , and the conrt broke up at six . o'clock . ThursoA * f , March 8 . — The court opened at ten o ' clock , when the attendance was again very numerous , all the tribunes - being filled . On taking his seat , the President announced that the two prisoners Barbes and Albert having refused to be pre . sent at the sitting of the court , they had been summoned to attend in tbe usual form by the huissier , who then read the proceg verbal of his visit , and their refusal . The President declared that , as their
presence in tbe court was absolutely essential to the ends of justice , he should once more command their presence , and that if they again refused they should be brought into court by force . The two prisoners were consequently in a few minutes led in by gendarmes , and placed in their seats . Barbes was not dressed with the same care as on the previous day ; Albert presented precisely the same ap ^ pearance . Immediately on his entrance , Barbes , addressing the President , said that , as he had been
compelled to attend the court , he should refrain from taking any part in the proceedings , and refuse to reply to any questions that might be put him . Blanqui complained that , from the crowded state of the bench on which he was p laced , he could not i ake notes . A gendarme was consequently removed , in order to give him more room . Courtais addressed the President , ' declaring his acceptance of the jury and the court which had been constituted for his trial ; Borme and Deere , on the contrary , intimated that they would not accept it .
Raspail said : Gentlemen of the High Court , in declining your competence , I only follow the course pursued in the Court of Cassation . Your high jurisdiction is not consistent with the law , and you are the sole judges of its competence . The offence of the 15 th of May was committed in open day , and a fortnight would have sufficed to identify the guilty , and now ten months hare passed over ns in confinement without having been tried This appears to me to prove that an exceprioral law has been made to reach ns . The judicial power performs its usual functions . The Chamber of accusations might have sent us before a jury . It has done so and has discharged
its duty , but the National Assembly in directing our trial before you , an extraordinary tribunal , has voted a law and overthrown our institutions . When we applied to the Court of Cassation , we were told : " It was enough that there should be a decree of the legislative authority ; we are here to pronounce the execution of its decrees . '' Have we been treated as persons guilty of a misdemeanour ? No , we have been treated as guilty of the blackest crime , as wild beasts , brought here in cases . And now , if we be
acquitted , who will recompense all our sufferings ? I will accept willingly the judges who are now before me , because they have been appointed by the Republic—that Republic to which I am devoted . I , Raspail , whom they would prevent from being a re . presentative ; I , who desired the happiness of the people , and who , if deceived , am ready to sacrifice myself on the altar of my country , it is I who am accused of having betrayed the Republic ! Raspail then delivered some written objections to tbe competence of the court , in which most of the accused joined .
Blanqui said : ' The invasion of the 15 th of May was only an unforeseen tumult , of which we have been the victims ; thus it was necessary , to meet the exigency of this anomalous trial , to create a jurisdiction more complying than usual ; and it has been done amongst the great proprietors , for the ardent defenders of popular rights at Paris are not here represented , because they are afraid of Paris . ' It was determined that they should be brought
before a tribunal where conviction was not only certain , bnt where it was evidently desired that they should be torn and lacerated , as it were wish the claws of a wild cat . The President here interposed recommending the prisoner to be more guarded in bis language . Blanqui , bowing to the President , continued at great length vehemently to declaim against tbe illegality of the entire proceedings , and concluded by warmly protesting against the competency of the court before which he had been made
to appear . A gentleman dressed in plain clothes , who was seated amongst the counsel for the prisoners , here rose and addressed the President . The President : In which quality do you address the court ? M . Levy , the individual in question , explained that he was counsel for one of the accused . The President then accorded him permission to speak , which he did , by simply protesting on behalf of his client against the competency of the court . Larger rose and declared that he adhered to the remarks made by Raspail . Plotte , by bis counsel , said that he too protested against the competency of the court , without , however , adhering to all that had been said by Raspail .
M . Riviere next-addressed the conrt as counsel for Villain . M . Baroche How is it that you do not appear in your official costume ? M . Biviere explained that he had not brought his gown with him , as he expected to be able to procure onftaiBourges . hut , not succeeding , he had been forced to send to Paris for one , which had not yet arrived . ( Laughter . ) His excuse having been ad . mitted , he limited his address to an expression of the fact that his client did not recognise the competency of the High Court of Justice .
M . Baroche , Procureur-General , replied at some length to the complaints made against the judicial authorities , and contended that no delay uncalled for by the great number of witnesses to be examined and documents to be prepared had taken place in the proceedings . The sitting was suspended for some time , during which the jury withdrew , and tbe prisoners were led out of court . At four o ' clock the jury returned to their seats , the prisoners were brought in * and the President and judges entered . The President replied at some length to the
objections made by the accused to the competency of the High Court of Justice , declaring it to have been in perfect accordance with the provisions of the laws , and in keeping with the letter and spirit of the Constitution . The President next quoted various articles from the Codes and the Constitution bearin g on the point at issue , and then pronounced the judg ment come to by the conrt , overruling all the objections brought forward by the prisoners and their counsel , and declaring its competence to proceed with the trial . The court then adjourned .
Fbiday , March 9 th . —A number of witnesses arrived this day ; among them were MM . Buchez and Flocon . At a quarter past ten the accused were introduced . Barbes , Albert , Sobrier , Raspail , Flotte , and Borme , were not among them . The commissaire central , left the court , accompanied by eight fir ten gendarmes , and a moment afterwards Borme and Sobrier arrived , followed by Albert and Barbes , the last two held under the arms by gendarmes . Raspail arr ived immediately afterwards , escorted by police agents . Flotte alone was absent . It seemed that the agents found him in bed , and that he
refused to rise . At half-past ten an officer announced the court opened , and all the accused arose , with the exception of Barbes and Albert . The President announced that Plotte , having refused to appear , he bad giwn orders that he should be summoned . A clerk announced that Flotte had been found in bed , and without clothing of any kind ; and when summoned he answered that as he did not acknowledge the jurisdiction of the High Court , he refused to attend its sitting . He was summoned to sign , and refused . The President having read the section of the law giving him power to use' force in such cases p dered that Flotte should be oblig ed to attend , and in ten minutes he was carried in by two gendarmes
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. He was placed on the bench of the accused , and v »> raedif itely arose , saying , 1 declare— ' The President t you have not the parole . ' —Flotte : « I demand it : _ The President : 'You have no t the parote . '— h * te ; . j declarerlhat I have had enoughof your exv , Dtiorial tribunal , of your royalist presence . ;— Ihe Pre ^ nt : ' You have not the parole , ; call the witnesses .- ^ gome discussion then took place concerning the w *» , <; 88 eg and 80 me merely formal , and therefore quitb uninteresting points , when Blanqui contended that tho accused , according to law , could not be interrogate ^ at the commencement of the trial , and that questions could only be addressed to them during the confrontation
with witnesses . He was overruled . Blacqui , Albert , Barbes , and Sobrier declared they would not answer . The President proceeded to interrogate Raspail , who admitted the . jurisdiction of the High Conrt . He was accused of having marched at the head of his club to the National Assembly to pre * sent a petition in favour of Poland . He was asked , < How did you enter the National Assembly ? ' He answered , ' Some tumult had already manifested itself on the Place de . la Concorde . As proved by the accusation , I did not arrive at the Assembly until an hour after it was invaded . I said to my club , 4 In former times petitions were presented at the bar of tbe Convention ; the National Assembly has
removed that bar to the tribune ; we must there peaceably deposit our petition . ' I then entered the hall , which was crowded to excess . I recognised many men belonging to the police , and pointed them out to thejttge < Pimtruction , but he would not follow tbe plan I pointed out for again finding them The President himself and the representatives persuaded me to ascend the tribune , and to read the petition . After reading it I descended . ' —The Proenreur * General : 'When you ascended the tribune to read the petition , did , you not hear protestations in various parts ofthe hall against your presence in the tribune ?'—Raspail : ' I would have wished to have seen you in my p lace amidst the tumult . I saw some few representatives move ; if I had heard them , I would have answered that I was there to
protect them and to empty the hall . It was impossible for me from the tribune to hear the little squeaking voice of the witness Adelsward . If I had entered the Assembly to overthrow it , I would have said so . It was not the prison which affrighted me ; it was the illusion/—A juror : ' I know not whether a juror has arig ht to put a question . '—The President : ' . Yon may speak . '—Juror : ' I would ask the accused Raspail , in what manner he was introduced by the accused Courtais . ' — Raspail : The General said the delegates might enter , and having given my name , I entered . !—Blanqui : ' . The representative who came to say that the delegates of the dub might enter the Hall of Conference was citizen Xavier Durrieu . ' -Raspail : ' I knew it was some one who had authority . '—The Procureur-General : ' M . Durrieu is called as a witness . '
The accused Courtais energetically defended himself from the accusation of having betrayed his duty . The . court rose at six o'clock . Saturday , March 10 . —The court sat at halfpast ten . The President desired the witnesses to be called . —M . Lagueaux , restaurateur , went to the house of Douiais on the 12 th of May , and there learned that a resolution had been come to to make a manifestation on the 15 tb , to carry to the Assembly a petition in favour of Poland . Had known some of the accused a long time , and particularly Biahqui , having been at his club in 1831 . —M Bourquet confirmed the above witness . — M . Bandurau , civil engineer , said that in tbe central club ,
of which he was the vice-president , a resolution was come to to make a manifestation in favour of Poland on the 15 th of May . That this manifestation was to be pacific , and respectful to the Assembly . That some men who were at the head ofthe cortege on the bridge at once changed its character . He went into the ball of the Assembly , and there saw Blanqui at the tribune , lie then quitted the Assembly , and went instinctively to tbe house of Sobrier , in the Rue Rivoli , to obtain some information on the affair , but did not find him at home . — M . Dautriche made along and remarkable statement of occurrences at which he happened to be present . He was driven by the crowd almost to the court of
the Assembly , where he saw Barbes , Louis Blanc , and Albert round a large flag addressing the people . —At this , Barbes rose and defended Louis Blane , assuming himself all the responsibility of the address attributed to Louis Blanc . —M . Bettroy lid , ' a . commissary of police , knew the greater part of the accused . He arrested some of them . On the 15 th of May he made a search & t the house of Villain , where he seized many plans of machines . —" Villain said those plans had no relation to political plots , and claimed their restoration . —M . Douet , a commissary of police , also made a deposition , but
containing no facts of importance . —M . Yon , commissary of police , was called , but was absent . —M . Dupin , tailor , gave a statement of the occurrences of the 15 th of May . He could not identify any of the prisoners , not even Ras p ail , whom he described as having worn on that day coloured pantaloons . — Raspail denied this , saying he never wore other than black M . Sanieski , a Polish refugee , said that on the 14 th of May he bad been solicited to take part in the manifestation , and that he refused , saying it could only injure their cause . —The court rose at six o ' clock .
Monday , March 12 . —The proceedings in tbe High Court of Justice , were resumed at half-past 12 o ' clock . The witnesses for tbe prosecution examined were Joseph Alceste , Pierre Hyppolyte , and La Grange . Ernest Eugoin was also ' called on , but he declined giving his evidence , which he alleged he could not consistently do before the High Court , inasmuch as he considered its creation a violation of the Constitution . He was fined lOOf ., and his pre . vious evidence before the examining magistrate put in and read . Dufrey , a secretary of the Assembly ; M . Yen , Commissary of Police ; and M :- Buchez , ex-President of the Chamber , were subsequently examined for the prosecution . The Court adjourned at six o ' clock ,
Tuesday , March 13 . —The proceedings were resumed at half-past ten o ' clock . The tribunes were still more crowded than tbe day before , and the interest seemed to increase . The witnesses called and examined for the prosecution yesterday were MM . Buchez , ex-President of the National Assembly , Etienne Arago , General Impute , Eugene Picard Delacour , Chef de Batailon of the 5 th Legion ofthe National Guard of Paris ; De Ballerouche d'Adam , and Beaumont , Commandant of the Hotel de Ville on the 15 th . of May . The Court adjourned at sis o'clock .
Wednesday , March 14 . —In the commencement of the judicial proceedings at Bourges yesterday , which were resumed at half-paSt ten o ' clock with a very crowded court , the prisoner Raspail handed in a written protest against the discrepancies of the report published by the Moniteur of the sitting of the National Assembly on the 15 th of May , and the insertion of expressions about the pillage of Paris , which it was proved by several
witnesses had not been uttered . He demanded that the author of the calumny should be punished . — The Court retired to deliberate on the incidents , and in a few minutes gave its decision—that as the words said to have beeh uttered had not been attributed to Raspail or any of the prisoners , it was irrelevant to the affair . The conclusions of Raspail were therefore rejected ;—Several witnesses for the prosecution were then examined , after which the Court adjourned .
Trial and AcamrrAL of the Editor of 4 People . '—The editor of Le Peuple was tried before the Court of Assize of Paris on Wednesday week , for having published , on the 2 nd of January , an article ' calculated to excite the hatred of the people against the government and against each other . ' The jury remained about twenty minutes in deliberation , and when they returned delivered a verdict of « Not Guilty . ' The audience cried out , on hearing the verdict , ' Vive le Jury 1 Vive la Republiquel' The President immediately ordered the court to be cleared .
The Forthcoming Elections . —The Courtier Francois says : —' The democratic and social party has already made out its list of candidates for the elections of the Seine . The following , we are assured , is its composition : —MM . Ledru Rollin , Lagrange , Laraennais , Felix Pyat , Caussidiere , Kersausie , Albert , Barbes , Louis Blanc , Baune , Dupoty , Martin Bernard , Perdiguier , Lacambre , D'Alton Shee , Proudhan , Pierre Lerroux , Greppo , Raspail , Cabet , Esquiros , P . Dupont , Nadaud , Toussenel , Thomassin , Lachambaudie , Thore , and Pierre Vingard . '
The Red Republic . —A Socialist famil y banquet , given by the inhabitants of the llth arrondissement , took place on Sunday at the Barriere de Sevres . Seven hundred persons , including a few women and children , attended . The company prin-C consisted of the leaders of the late clubs and chiefs of the Socialist party . M . Joly was the only member of the Mountain present . He made a speech , and repeated that the Socialist banquet of tbenon-commissioned officers did tike place , A
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commissary of police demanded admission by virtue of the law of 1790 and tbe decree of the Assembly of the 28 th of July last . He was refused on the nlea that it was a family party , and not a club . He took a note of this' violation of the la w , and rptirfid -. *' ¦ ** - More Persecution . —The Peuple states , that a few days ago " fifteen ' non-commissioned offieeri ' were committed to the military prison ofthe Abbaye for having attended a Socialist banquet . It add ' , that before they entered the prison , they cried , several times ,, ' Vive la Repnhlique Democralique et Sociale . ' - . »« -,,. '¦« Revolution . - ., ,
M . Delecluze the editor of La Demo , cratiqueet Sociale , was tried and convicted in Pans on Monday last , for articles calculated to enat , hatred against General Cava ignac and the Nationa Assembly . He was sentenced to imprisonment for i one year , and to pay a fine of l , 000 f . The War against the Bonnet Rouge . — The warfare against tbe Phrygian caps , * those glorious emblems of liberty , ' as La Reforms terms them , continues as determined as ever . It appears that the centimes hitherto issued , were cast in tbe old mould of Dupre , which represents the head of the Republic covered with a Phrygian cap . Orders are said to have been given to remove from the coin that revolutionary emblem . —Times .
Some disturbances took place at Blois on the 5 th instant , in , consequence of the removal by the police of a lonnet roiige from a tree of liberty . The rappel was beaten , and the National Guard having taken arms , tranquillity was promptly restored . Letters from Carpentios , in the department of the Vauehan ; from Bartantarne , in the Bouches du Rhone ; and . from Beyies , in the Herault , mention that disturbances of rather a serious nature took place there on the 3 rd and 4 th instant , in consequence of an attack made by the Red Republicans on the Moderate party . The authorities finally restored order after somepersons had been wounded .
THE IMPERIAL APE . La Liberie states that M . Odillon Barrot assured a friend , some days since , that the President of the Republic has renounced all the financial and social reforms , the senseless Utopia , and impassible doctrines which are to be found in the various works composed by him during his captivity . La Libefte is of opinion that M . Odillon Barrot , in saying so , calumniated the President . —[ We are the other way of thinking . . The- ' Extinction of Pauperism ?; was not written ly , but / or Mister Louis Napoleon , for a purpose which now being achieved the paupers may go to the devil for what the ex- ' special' cares . —En . N . S . l
The Way to Promote the * Extinction of Pauperism' S—A tumultuous scene took place in the Assembly on Monday , on the subject of the demand made by the Minister of Finance for an additional allowance of 600 , 000 francs a year to the President of the Republic , to cover the expenses of his public receptions and entertainments . The uproar excited among the party of the Mountain was prodigious . After much uproar the point was carried by a majoritv of 77 .
Miscellaneous . —The Polish Count Lamoyaki left Paris on Friday last for Turin , with forty two of the most experienced officers of the old Polish army . M . Marbrarfc , a member of the Hungarian Diet , has arrived in Paris . He is said to be charged with a special mission from Kossuth and the Chiefs of the Magyar party . He is to proceed from Paris to England . The appeal of the five persons condemned to death for the murder of General de Brea and his aide-de-camp , Captain Mangin , was yesterday rejected by the Court of Cassation . The application for mercy is now before the Minister of Justice , and will be laid by him before the President of the Republic .
Hardy , a private in the 4 th Regiment of the Line , was sentenced to death by court-martial in Paris on Monday for having struck , a sergeant of his
company . THE ' HOLY ALLIANCE' AGAINST ITALY . Paris . Monday . —The only news given by the Paris papers of this m irning is contained in a letter from Toulon , from which it appears that the French Government has renewed its intention of sending an armed expedition to the assistance of his Holiness the Pope . For some time past it has been the evident intention of the Catholic powers that a joint intervention should take place in favour of his Holiness , and this expedition will co-operate by sea , while the Neapolitan and Austrian forces , which have been for the last fortnight on the Roman frontier , will attack by land .
ITALY . THE ROMAN REPUBLIC—The Contempo raneo of the 28 ih ult . announces that M . Mazzvni was proclaimed member of the Roman Constituent Assembly on the 27 th . On the same day that assembly adopted the law on judiciary organisation which abolished all privileged jurisdictions , suppressed the ecclesiastical tribunals , and established at Rome a Court of Appeal and a Court of Cassation . The Assembly next voted by acclamation a project of decwe abolishing the Holy Office ( the
Inquisition ) and decided that a pillar should be erected on the site ofthe palace where it had been installed . The Minister of Finance had ordered , under the severest penalties , the deposit in the Treasury of a'l the funds accruing from mortmain properly , which , by a decision of the Constituent Assembly of the 21 st ult ., were to be applied to the urgent wants of the country . Eight days only were allowed to effect that payment . It was reported that an engagement had taken place at Epilaffio , on the 24 tb , between the Roman and Neapolitan advanced posts , the particulars of which were not known .
The Epoca of Rome states that 4 , 000 Greeks , now in Epirus , ready armed and disciplined , have offered their services to the Roman Republic . TUSCANY . —The Alba of the 2 nd inst . announces that the Tuscans were in possession of the important defile of Correto , and that the troops of Este still remained at Castelnuovo-dei-Monti . No military movements towards tbe frontier of Tuscany were observable in the Duchy of Modena . NAPLES AND SICILY . —On the 26 th ult ., MM . Temple and Rayneval , and Admirals Parker and Baudin , went to Gaeta to settle with the King the ultimatum to be offered to the Sicilians , on the refusal of which the mediating powers would retire , and leave the parties to act for themselves .
Tbe following were the conditions submitted to the King : —A general amnesty , excepting thirty leaders of the revolution , who were to receive passports ; the constitution of 1812 , modified ; one army only , with a Sicilian contingent ; independent par * liament ; finances , municipalities , and tribunals ; lieutenant to be named by tbe King , either a princeroyal or a Sicilian . The head of the household , the foreign affairs , war , and marine , to depend on the King ; a contribution of four millions of arrears , and one million of war indemnity to be made .
The following letter from Naples , dated the 27 th ult ., appeas in the Gazette du Midi : — ' I have only a moment to announce to you the pacific conclusion of the affairs of Sicily . The Sicilians return to their allegiance to Ferdinand II ., who accords them e full and complete amnesty and tbe constitution of 1812 , with the modifications required by the present times . The day after to-morrow the French and English squadrons will take their departure for Palermo , where they are to instal the lieutenantgeneral and all the king ' s government . ' [ We advise our readers , before accepting the above as gospel truth , to wait a little longer , and ascertain for themselves what the Sicilians have to say to these arrangements . ]
Anticipated Renewal of the War in Lombardy . —The address of the Chamber of Deputies of Turin , in answer to a speech from the throne , was presented to the king on the 5 th instant . Both tbe address and the royal answer expressed a firm determination to resume the war . Preparations for re . opening tbe campaign are in active progress . Minister Buffa has published an energetic proclamation , inviting the Genoese to enrol themselves , and great numbers of horses are being bought up in Switzerland for tbe Piedmontese army .
A letter , dated Paris , Sunday evening , says : The accounts received from Turin tcday are of the most warlike description . Active preparations are making for a nerr campaign , and troops are flocking to the frontiers of Lombardy . Several corps of artillery , which were stationed at Turin and other places in the interior , have also been despatched to Novarre and Mortara . The rumour is current today , that hostilities have actually commenced between the Piedmontese and the Austrian *; but this is not likely , as the attack must come from the side of the Piedmontese , and we have not yet heard of their crossing the Tessino . The general impression appears , however , to be that hostilities cannot be much longer delaved . '
Letters from Turin , ofthe 7 th instant , received in Paris to-day , announce that the King had appointed M . Ratazzi , late Minister of the Interior , to be Minister-at-War . It m * y be recollected that it * as he who , in opposition to M . Gioberti , proposed
France. Trial Of The Republican Chiess A...
to recognise the Republics of Rome and of Tuscany . C a-les Albert is said to h ave declared , on a late occasion , that he would rather die on the field of battle , with a bonnet rouge on his head , than to rema n in exile wearing a diadem . [ We have not much faith in you , Charlie ; but if you stick to that you will do . ] „ T , ' Paris , Tuesday , 6 . M . —Reported Recommencement of War between Austria and Sardinia . —News has reached Paris this day , by telegraph , that war has recommenced between Austvia and Sardinia . A modification has taken placa in the iedmontese M inistry . Great excitement prevailed at Turin . Crowds paraded the streets , shouting , ' War , war ! Lead us against the Austrians . ' ~~ . ,. . n ui : „« *( Dnmo nnil of Tuscan ? .
, THE WAR IN HUNGARY . ( From the correspondent of the Times . ) Vienna , March 5 . —Since the 26 th bulletin we have received no further official news from the headquarters of Prince Winliscbgratz , and tfeis silence makes people here afraid that matters are not going on so favourably for the Austrian arms as could be wished . Although our bulletins are quite silent as to the strength of the Hungarian army which took the field on the 26 th and 27 th . of February , as well as to the names of its commanders , there is every reason fo suppose that it amounted to 45 , 000 men , under the supreme command of General Dembinski .
SPAIN . The Fomento of Barcelona , of the 6 th , publishes a proclamation addressed by Cabrera to the insurgents of Catalonia , in which he announces his resumption of the command , thanks them for their efforts , states that Navarre , the Basque provinces , Gallicia , and Austria second them , and that Aragon and Valentia ftill imitate them . Lin adds , that the King ( Count de Montemoliny promises institutions in harmony with the spirit of the times , and will support his promises by the svrord . '
Members Op The House Of Commons Connecte...
MEMBERS OP THE HOUSE OF COMMONS CONNECTED "WITH THE ARMY AND XAVY WHO VOTED AGAINST MR , COBDEN'S MOTION . T . N . Abdy , son of a captain in tho navy , by the daughter of an admiral . Hon . George Anson , a colonel in the army , and clerk of the Ordnance . Viscount Anson , a captain of yeomanry cavalry . Hon . Hugh Arbuthnott , a lieutenant-general and clothing colonel in the army . E . M . Archdalo , a captain in the dragoons , on halfpay , unattached . Earl of Arundeh ^ as been an officer in the Royal Horse Guards . H . J . Baillie , son of a colonel in the army . T . Bennet , a captain of yeomanry .
William Beresford , formerly a major in the army . 0 . L . G . Berkeley , son of an admiral , and himself formerly a captain of foot . Hon . Grantley Berkeley , a lieutenant in tho army . Ralph Bernal , married the daughter of a surgeon in the navy . S . W . Blackall , son of a major in the army , and himself a major . H . G . Boldero , has been clerk of the Ordnance . R . S , Bourke , married the daughter of a colonel in the army . W . Bowles , a rear-admiral , has been a Lord of the Admiralty . T . W . Bramston , married the daughter of an admiral . T . Brand , son of a lieutenant-general . Lord Brooke , a lieutenant-colonel of yeomanry . Sir A . "B . Brooke , married the daughter of a general , and has several brothers in the army . Lord John Chichester , has been a captain in the
army . Hon . C . Clements , has been a captain in the army . Sir George Clerk , has been a Lord of the Admiralty . Hon . It . II . Olive , has been a lieutenant-colonel in the army , and is a colonel of yeomanry . Hon . W , F . Cowpcr , married the daughter of an admiral , has been a lieutenant in tho Horse Guards . William . Cubitt , has served in the navy . II . Cuvric , married the daughter of a colonel in the Grenadier Guards .
Sir H . R . F . Davi > , a colonel in the army , D . A . S . Davies , married tho daughter of a colonel in the army . W . Deedos , a major-commandant of yooinanvy cavalry . Q . Dick , lieutenant-colonel in the 2 Torfch Essex Militia . J . W . Dod , captain-commandant of yeomanry cavalry . Sir J . T . B . Duckworth , son of an admiral , himself a major of yeomanry cavalry . G . S . Duff , son of a general .
Sir J . W . D . Dundas , a rear-admiral of the white and Lord of the Admiralty . G . Dundas , grandson of an admiral , himself formerly an officer in the Rifle Brigade . F . P . Dunne , son of a general , himself a major in the army and lieutenant-colonel of militia . H . Edwards , a captain of yeomanry cavalry . Right Hon . E . Ellice , married the widow ' of a captain in the nary . Hon . J . E . Elliott , his relations swarm in the navy . Viscount Emlyn , son of a general , married to the daughter of a general , himself a captain in the
army . U . Ferguson , son of a general , himself a lieutenant colonel in the army . Hon . J . W . Fitzpatrick , " related to General Fitzpatrick , " was himself formerly in the army . Hon . G . C . Forester , a captain in the Horse Guards . S . C . Fortescue , son of a licut .-col . in the army . R . M . Pox , married the daughter and grand-daughter of admiz-als . A . E . Fuller , married grand-daughter of a general . E . S . Gooch , has been a captain m the army . Hon . W . Gordon , a rear-admiral of the blue , has been a Lord ofthe Admiralty . Sir J . Graham , has been a Lord of tho Admiralty .
Sir G . Grey , son of the late resident commissioner of Portsmouth Dockyard . Hon . E . J . Harris , is captain in tho navy . Lord John Hay , a captain in the navy and Lord of the Admiralty . Right lion . w . a . Haytor , Judge Advocate . Right Hon . S . Herbert , married the daughter of a major-general . Right Hon . J . C . Herries , son of a colonel and brother of a major-general . Lord A . Hervey , married the daughter of a lieut .-colonol . T . L . Hodges , formerly colonel of militia . Sir A . Hood , son of a captain in the navy and nephew of an admiral .
Sir J . Hope , colonel of yeomanry cavalrv . Lord Hotnam , a colonel in the army . Hon . E . Howard , a captain iu tho navy . Sir W . ; G . H . JoIIiffe , ] has a brother a lieutenant of dragoons ; had an uncle a lieutenant in the navy . Theobald Jones , a captain in the navy . Hon . T . G . Kennel , a lieut .-colonel in the army . Marquis of Kildare , has a brother a lieutenant in the Scots Fusileor Guards , and an aunt married to a general officer . Hon . Vf . S . S . Lascclles , brother to the colonel of the Yorkshire Hussar Yeomanry ; has a nephew in
the Grenadier Guards . 6 . C . Legh , married a niece of Lieut .-Gcn , Sir Herbert Taylor . Sir T . F . Lewis , has been licut .-col . of local militia , grandson of an admiral . G . C . Lewis , son of the preceding . Earl of Lincoln , has two brothers in tho Life Guards , and aunt married to a general ofiicer , < fcc , & c . Hon . James Lindsay , a lieut .-col . in tho army . II . Lowther , is a lieutenant in the Guards , and son of a colonel in the army . W . N . Macnnmara , a colonel of militia . Viscount Mandevillc , a capta ' m in the Grenadier Guards .
Lord Malum , married tho daughter of a lieutenantgeneral . Lord George Manners , a captain in tbe ftoyal Horse Guards . Thomas Matheson , a colonel on half-pay . Hon . Fox Maule , held a commission ' in the Tdth Highlanders 12 years , is Secretary at War . Hon . J . T . Maxwell , a captain in the army . Yiscount Mclgund , married the daughter of a general .
P . W . S . Miles , married a daughter of Maior-General Sir William Napier . J Sir W . Morrison , a major-general in the East India Company ' s service . Hon . E . W . M . Lloyd , has a cousin an officer in the navy . Earl of Mulgrave , a lieutenant in the Guards , and a major of militia . Viscount Newport , has one uncle a captain in the navy , and another a captain in the army Lord Norreys , has a brother an officer in the Li < e Guards .
Sir D . Norreys , son of a Ue \ it .-col . in the army . Sir P . -Nugent , son of a commander in the navy . Lord Ossulston has an uncle a captain in the iavy . Sir John Owen has a son a colonel in the army . Lord Chrence Paget , a captain in the navy , son and secretary to the Master-General ofthe Ordnance . lr ^ ge PaSet « a lieut .-colonel of dragoons , son ofthe Master-Genera l of the Ordnance . Lord Palmerston , lieut . -colonel of the Hampshire mihtia . John Parker , has been secretary to tbe Admiralty . J . W . Patten , a colonel of militia . Sir Robert Peel , married a daughter of a general , . has a brother a colonel in the armv .
Members Op The House Of Commons Connecte...
Jonathan Peel , brother ofthe preceding TTT "' m the army , and has been Surveyo & eneS" 61 - tbe Ordnance . J U ( - « or , al of Hon . E . G . D . Pennant , a colonel in the arm , Sir R . Pigot , son of a general , is further cX ^ t , with the army throughthe marri ^ c of hfjT ^ ter to one of the Fitzroys . ° * Ua « gh-W . Penney , a captain " of yeomanry cavalrv D . Pugh , a major of yeomanry cavalry ' G . A . Reid , was colonel in the Life Guards E . R . Rice , a captain of yeomanry cav ' ilrv ' Henry Rich , sou of an admiral . ' ' G . Rushout , a captain in the Life Guards Lord John Russell , has four brother" ! in ' + 1 4 - t a the Jonathan Peel , brothav nf (! . « ~ . . i : _ ..
. V ,.. ™ : „ * i . - . __ . " "" - ' m arm .. three in the navy , a nephew in thp ivm „ „ m ^ in the navy , & c . & c . & c . Ac . Ac 7 ' acousm - Fv . G . H . Russell , an officer in the jwim ,. f , , son of a major-general , nephew to tliol ,- V | i 8 > M , T . Smith , grandson of a lieufc ^ fflTlT srmy . Ul in the J . G . Smyth , a lieutenant in the Yorkshiro Trn « T . £ ft , l „ r , to ton » o ,,, * ,, -,, rtSjj-JJ " D ^ TukS ' ^ ' - ^ ' ^ inthc Sir F . Thesiger , " has been in the mw » to Dod . "rcnaij , according
J . Tollemache , son of an admiral J 1 ° PS ) * ' * CaPtaiR hl thC ^ < collcaS » of Sir Hon . G . R . Trevor , l ieutenant-colonel pomm-.,, i ofthe Royal Carmarthen Pusilieri * mandant H . Tufneli , has been a secretary to theFiv < tT « i , the Admiralty ( Minto . ) ' - "ULordof Sir J . T . Tyrell , a colonel of militia Lord II . G . Vane , has a sister married to a eoWi in the army . Lionel Sir W . Verner , a colonel in the army Sir IT . Verney sonl of a general , married daughter of an admiral ; has boon a major in the a ™ Viscount Vilhors , has three brothers captains m the
R . H . Vyse , son of a colonel ; himself a captain in the Guards . l l " H . G . Ward , secretary to the Admiralt-v , an hn ™ ditary inmate of the Admiralty-buildings , IVhitcnull * J . L . O . Vauglian , a colonel of militia . Sir 0 . Wood , has been secretary to the Admiralty
Ox Physical Disqualifications, Gexekativp Incapacity, And Impediments To Makuiage
OX PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS , GEXEKATIVP INCAPACITY , AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MAKUIAGE
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iwcnty-nttn coition , illustrated with Twenty-Six Anatomi cal Engravings on Steel , enlarged to 1 SJ 6 pages , livicp . 2 s . M ; by post , direct from the Establishment , 3 s . uj ' in postage stamps , ' ' '
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® rriHE EXTKJ i ordinary \ wv * of this medicine art & the system . J . w a : ' / i
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 17, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_17031849/page/2/
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