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m THo THE FUSTIAN JACKETS, THE BUSTERE TERED HANDS, AND UNSHORN CHINS.
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Msitt Witch! march'.London and Matcheate...
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M Mt Beloved Friends, «Tt « These are th...
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THE FOLLOWING IS MR PERRY'S LETTER, AND ...
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TO THE DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS OF THE...
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^ y^Jtef i^ ; r^L t t-fZ <' ( , V .tc4--...
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®|e JjjM$*&t Mm, X AND ^ NATIONAL TRADED...
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Rational £at$ Company
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CuBpstow.—On Friday a meeting was held a...
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furthcoming meetings. Abbudkeh.—This bra...
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Dkstkbchon op the Droqheda Stkamrr Grana...
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VI V* r\ * ^ ". is T-' V V - f\ V
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
M Tho The Fustian Jackets, The Bustere Tered Hands, And Unshorn Chins.
m THo THE FUSTIAN JACKETS , THE BUSTERE TERED HANDS , AND UNSHORN CHINS .
Msitt Witch! March'.London And Matcheate...
Msitt Witch ! march ' . London and Matcheater , Why , Why , my lads , don't yon march forward in motion , Marc ' March ! march ! Dublin and Drogbeda , All th All the poor Irish are over the ocean .
M Mt Beloved Friends, «Tt « These Are Th...
M Mt Beloved Friends , « Tt « These are the times to try men ' s souls / jund 1 aid 1 now appeal to every man who lives by Jlie swjie sweat of Jos men brow and ask them one wri aW all , individuall y and collectivel y , whether llhey ihey find themselves equal to the pressing iimerfcinerRency . One united strugg le and labour w ifa . free , but another short period of apathy ana
{{ a 6 ou { a 6 our is the ooiufcmoti of Capital . 1 have Mold lold you many and many a time , that every ipeopl peop le will have precisely the form of govern-ImeZent to which their own vurtues sdf-conj fidecfidence , and self-reliance e » Mfe * , ; * ! ha « have frequently pointed out to you the . fact thatthat the trades ' had been »* *> * " " capi capital and abettors of misrule br the pliancy 3 S ^ Wriency of th eir l ead ers , and no SStaTta more boldly and incessantly arlaie xaigned the leaders of that numerous , mighty , and * nd influential class than myself . I have mp exposed the treachery of Democratic leaders , ad and have ascribed popular indifference to the pec people ' s pardonable want of confidence in the those leaders . I have denounced the use
ma made of Irish credulity and Eng lish confidence , uu aid have justified popular apath y upon those rri rrounds ; and I have watched with no small an anxiety and interest the magic change that ha has taken p lace in the government , direction sn snd management of the popular mind and U labour cause . I have witnessed the verificati tion of my prediction , that whatever form of G Government we lived under , the struggle for E Reform would be evinced in the first instance ii la the strugg leof classes ; that the democracy o of each class would first be compelled to fight il its battle against the aristocracy of ttsown t ctos , and that , out of class conquest would t come universal victory . I havewatehed the . « n ** tituiiniud struaaU carried on by Duncombe
against odds which would have cowed and broken the sp irits of any other living man . 1 have seen all partv differences merged m class necessities , but I have never found Duncombe quailing beforetheir combined energy , or induced to surrender an inch of ground to the secessities of faction or ministerial expediency . Bat you . ftoce allowed him to struggle alone . Buncombe s position is such , that if he asked the people for a petition on any subject , the working man who refused to sign it within twelve hours should be branded as a willing slave and an enemy to his order ; he has visited the captive in his lonely prison cell , he has heard his wrongs and demanded justice for
him ; he has arraigned the /> er > WKWS Minister , the unjust judge , and the prejudiced juror ; he h * s exposed and denounced the lured spy ana the perjured witness ; he has convicted the cruel jailor and unchristian chaplain ; he has offered to tumble with jugglers , but has refused to support principles by professions which could not be realized , and which were . not intended to be r ealized : he has take n the helm when the Democratic ship was being driven on tie shoals by the torrent of class prejudice ; he has taken the command of labour s army when the forces were scattered and the service was dangerous . Now , I hope you understand the drift of this letter ; the object ! have in writineit . is to show you , how , that popular
apathy , once so excusable and pardonable , ( because occasioned by the treachery , apath y , and ignorance of popular leaders ) has now become culpable , injurious , and destructive , when leaders of every class and branch of the movement party are actually and undeniably in advance of the people , and whose exertions are rendered inoperative , useless , and even ridiculous from the want of popular support . £ have shown you the position Duncombe has boldly taken and powerfully maintained against the odds of combined faction and popular apathy , in fact , the positive and negative obstacles against which hehas had to contend . I have disposed of the constitutional
struggle being made for you m the House of Commons , and shall now turn to a consideration of the legal battles that have been fought , and the astounding victories that have been achieved for you in a department which ( save for the purposes of oppression ) has beeu as a sealed book . I mean the legal department . 1 am a barrister and havehad extensive practice in my profession , and yet I have been astonished and surprised by the triumphs of Mr Roberts , not only in a political sense , but , which is matter of greater importance to
powerful capitalists , in a iradmo sense , > v nai was the power of the law in the hands of master justices , before his appearance as Labour ' s legd adviser ? Is there an instance upon record , previous to his undertaking the office of poor man s legal expounder , o a poor man , not worth one penny , fig hting the battle of legal ri g ht against old prejudice and long custom and heavy purses ? Do we read of magistrates being consigned to that state of leisure from which they should never have been S disturbed until his appearance ? Do we hear of such a thing as the legal construction of the poor man s side of the dispute , till he undertook the herculean task ? Have we heard of the
battles of tfimory Ga / s ( they are the tyrant oppressor ' s words ) against heavy purses , till he undertook the management of the unequal fortes ? When did fifty-nine political offenders % ht the combined power aud talent of Government ' s legal staff , and finall y triumph , until headed by him ? When did Labour receive the legal definition of what constitutes conspiracy , till he , by perseverance—by superhuman perseverance , and great skill—had it expounded b y those judges most celebrated for legal knowledge ? His name carries comfort to the immured slave who toils underground , and confidence to the slave who , till now , was compelled to look upon his employers nod as the law ' s command .
Talk of the inventors of machinery , by whose operation your blood and sweat have been coined into riches for the idlej ! but of what value is it compared to his development of the powers of that machinery , which his predecessors either were ignorant of or dared not put in force , at least for your protection ? He is the legal Hercules of the age ; and as a battle that he is now fig hting has beetfa mam object in causing me to write this letter , 1 shall return presently to that point when I have shown the bearing of my general observations upon the subject . the
I now turn to the consideration of political question , and shall draw your attention to the character , zeal , and exertions of those with whom I have been united for many years in the management of that department- Of these four men—M'Grath , Wheeler , Clark and Doyle—I will only say , that , in my opinion , taking them for all and all , four better , more honourable , worthy , honest , and devoted public servants , could not be found of any class in any country . My opinion of their honour and prudence must be indeed great , when , in my absence , I permit them the fullest
use of my name in all matters brought under their consideration , aud I have never had ocwifcion to regret that confidence . Jealous hates call these men well-paid ; but you and 1 recollect when we owed them nearly £ 80 , and when , to their honour and oar disgrace , they worked as zealously as if we were honest and punctual ; and yet , working men , will you ; beh ' eve it of your order—many who were idle when they worked , and many upon whose faith we engaeed them , are jealous of their
position , when our improved policy and machi-«« y promises a continuance of office . Always Keep the drift of this letter in view . % 1 now turn to another branch—to the working machinery of theTrades' Movement—and I ask , who can read the speeches of Messrs Peel , Jacobs , Parker , —and , though last , not least , Robsan—as well as of many others , without [ jommgtotheconcIusion . thatinacoBS ^ trfwnn / , I % '> political , social , and manag ing point of * I riew , the leaders are far in advance of the ' . I people } I admit that past treachery may justify
M Mt Beloved Friends, «Tt « These Are Th...
jealous confidence ; hut , then , to triump h , you must confide and co-operate . In no single department of Labour ' sstruggle is a more rapid and pleasing improvement manifest than in that of the National Trades ' Association . Here we see Labour ' s cause rescued from the midni ght secrecy so useful to the masters , and advocated in open day ; here we find the responsible officers of the people superseding the servile slavish tools of the capitalist ; here we find men of genius , who have worked in chains , struggling to work without fetters , and making common cause [ with the less eloquent and thoughtful of their ' class . From these sons of toil we read speeches which would do honour to the Senate . I will
not create jealousy by individualising , but I protest I have been charmed with the eloquence and arguments of many of those engaged in propounding the p rinciples of the National Trades' Association , and yet there are many of their own order who write disparagingly of some of these men to me , in the hope of creating a dissension , b y which crotchet-mongers and sectional leaders may make profit . Shame upon such vermin ! they hate all who propound a scheme by which the value of each may be tested , but they must learn and understand , that whoso fi ghts Labours battle honestl y , thoug h differentl y from jne , is my friend , and Labour ' s friend . I shall now make a few more
observations upon the same subject . In 1833 , 1834 , and 1835 , there were about seventy Members of Parliament much in advance of public opinion , and they very naturall y made popular apathy the excuse for abandoning the popular cause . Sir Wm . Molesworth , Faithful , Gulley , Cobbett , Sir Samuel Whalley , Whittle Harvey , and scores of others , have often observed to me that it was useless contending for the ri g hts of men , who were too satisfied , or too indolent , to contend for themselves . Coercion was passed , the Poor Law Amendment Act was passed , and many other bad laws , without a single struggle from without , while the battle was bravely f ought in the House . lHow to the moral o f my tale .
A great battle has heen fought for Labour within the last few days , at Liverpool—you have gained an immense triumph , in the establishment of your legal right to consp ire against oppression , and to place sentries upon the oppressor s camp ; but observe , and let this sink deep [ into your souls , —The men through whose daring and courage you hate been enabled to secure this exposition of the law , are now hostages in the enemy ' s hands , and their freedom or imprisonment depends upon you . Be heedless and apathetic , each leaving his share of duty to another , and your triumph will be turned to defeat ; but rouse , make the cause your own ,
spurn your debasing , debauching , destroying pleasures , until your brothers are free ; and while enjoying momentary senseless gratification , recollect yon are drinking the blood of your own martyrs—victims immolated at the shrine of Labour ' s indifference . I will set you the example : I will not drink of any exciseablc drink until Labour ' s victory is completed ; and I will keep an exact account of what the saving is , and give it all to Labour ' s Redemption Fund . Time presses—the law will not wait . Next week the strugg le will be removed to the Queen ' s Bench , where there is more justice than on the " Shallows '" Bench ;
but it must be paid for . Let us see , then , what a week s labour for labour ' s self can accomplish . Remember , working men , I have kept your eyes open upon this subject ; I did not wish to exhaust it , till the fitting time for the rush came , as I , have always found that exertion is greatest when execution has followed upon the heels of design . If through your apathy the battle is lost , don ' t blame me , don ' t blame the * Star / don ' t blame the' Labourer , but blame yourselves , and if it is won , prepare to make the most of it , by joining the National Trades Association , and thereby enable your chief ani . leader to prove to your oppressors that he represents a national mind , and not a sectional movement ; and prove to your
leaders that , they stand in no danger , because they have that at their back which secures the law ' s definition , instead of the tyrants ' will . 1 have now shown you that the present move is the struggle of the democracy of each class against the aristocracy of its order , and when each has come to a perfect understanding upon the question of right , then all will be compelled to acknowledge , that the only possible means of upholding right is by the enactment of the People ' s Charter ; and above all , bear in mind , you , the aristocracy of trade , that we , the poor Chartists , the outcasts , always secured the ablest Counsel to fight our battles in the Queen ' s Bench , and that your Attorney General was our legal defender * We have always stood by our order .
Your faithful friend , Peargws O'Connok
M Mt Beloved Friends, «Tt « These Are Th...
propose to give under the co-operative mode would give general satisfaction , whereas , the price under the contract is a continual source of discontent , and the occasion of much delay . Another unnecessary item ia the building is the compo ; all that is wanting is the joints well pointed , and then the whole lime-whited , and a saving of about 60 s . per house would be effected . I have the authority of Mr iloneychurch , an allottee , and well-sinker from Devon , to state as another instance of the degradation and insult members are subjected to . He had written five letters on the subject of the wells , not one of which Mr O '
Connor had the courtesy to answer , and when he arrived at Lowbands was consigned to the contractor , Mr Griffiths , who is pocketing about sixteen shillings out of every forty-two , for doing nothing but insult and abuse Mr II ., which amounts to about £ 40 on the fifty wells , and which sum might also have been saved to the company , or paid to a member to assist him in his new vocation , and who is now , under the notable Mr Griffiths , earning about twelve shillings per week . I would persuade myself , if possible , Mr O'Connor is cutting men ' s wages down undesignedly , but the fact staring me in the face , I cannot . The best operative on the works gets but about Ids . per week , and out of this miserable pittance 25
per cent , must be left in Mr O'C ' s hands , to insure the due performance of the work . Why ! because Mr O'C is certain men cannot do it As was the case at Herringsgate , so it is at Lowbands . I shall be sorry to have anything I have written construed to vindictiveness , my only motive being the honour , stability and success : of our glorious plan , political and social , which , I fear , will be endangered by the very inconsistent conduct of Mr O'C . And why , in the name of common sense , should the competitive mode of operation , so expensive to the company , and insulting and degrading to members , be persevered in , in preference to the infinitely more honourable and less expensive mode , merely to indulge an unworthy crotchet of Mr O'C ' s ?
My friends , I do hope you will see this matter in the light I do . Discuss it in your several localities , and instruct your delegates , next Conference , to abolish this cursed and cruel system . at least amongst ourselves , that we be not upbraided and laughed at by the world for our inconsistency . I am , yours fraternally , John Pxbbt . 10 , Earl-street , Kensington . Mv Friends , I shall give you the plainest and most satisfactory answer to the above letter . There cannot be a more
ridiculous object , than the man who attempts to en . force principles or pervert facts , by the use of frothy words . I never knew a man in my life who could notaseasily write "OUR GLORIOUS PRINCIPLES AND RIGHTEOUS CAUSE , " and "MAY I PERISH IF I EVER DESERT THEM , " as he could write a confession of his manifold sins and wickednesses . I shall now give you the history of my acquaintance and transactions with Mr Perry . He came to my house in London on several occasions to contract for
the building of some of the houses here at Lowbands ; but from several conversations , and more especially from the PRICE he asked , I had brains enough to see , either that he knew nothing whatever about his own trade of building , or he thought I knew nothing about my-trade of contracting . I computed for him what a cottage would cost at bis estimate for the mere building , and it came to nearly as much as I can complete one for , and turn the key in it . I told him he would not do . He then asked for work , and I told him that should rest with the contractor , but that I would endeavour to procure it for hira . "When the work was contracted for , he
came to the Land-office , and mentioned his intention of starting for Lowbands ; when I observed , in presence of the Directors , and many strangers , and the clerks , " Well , Perry , mind , if you come and are disappointed , you must not blame me ; Mr Cullingham says you will he disappointed , as you are not used to our description of stone , and I will not have a repetition of Herringsgate plastering ; when you get there , you must deal with the contractor , and the price is Is . 8 d . a perch . " M 0 ! " he replied , " I can do what another man can do . " " Very well , if you come , you come under these conditions . " Shortly after he arrived at Lowbands , and I induced Mr
Griffiths to let him h » vp two houses , upon the same terms the other men had them . I then asked him when he could go to work . He replied , " Well , not immediately , as I went to have A GLASS OF GIN at Swindon , and the train started and took my tools to Bristol . " He went to work , and , wanting hands , the contractor could have no possible motive in finding fault with his work ; however , upon the second day he came to me , and said , " Sir , I shall he obliged to take all that London man ' s work down ; and I can't afford the loss . " I replied , " If you can 't , 1 won't , so if he cannot work , you must not keep him . " The overseer then came and said , " Why , sir , as I
told you , Perry don t understand the work ; be must take down every morsel of the PLINTH COURSE , it is not straight on the face or level . " I said , " Well , well , for God s sake let him try and mend it , as Hike the man , and he came a long distance , and may mend . " It is my custom to inspect the buildings every day , aud upon one occasion I made a party pull down and rebuild a large portion of a house that was not properly bound ; another party I compelled to take down their arches and put up new ones . The next
morning , as I was on my tour of inspection , the contractor ' s foreman , who works hard and well himself , came to inspect Perry ' s work , and when he plumbed it in MY PRESENCE , in less than 15 inches the work was more than an inch out of plumb ; so that in 10 feet we should have had the top course overbanging the bottom course by about a foot . " You must take all this down , " said the foreman . " Ah ! you nasty fellow , " replied Perry , " new I shall hate you for ever ; you came just because Mr O'Connor was here . "
He was not turned off , he gave the work up , and Mr Griffiths gave his comrade work till Saturday , but then discharged him , as be could not work . This was about 7 o ' clock in the morning . At breakfast time Perry came to me , and said he had not enough to take him home , and asked me to lend him 7 s , I said "No , Perry , but I'LL GIVE you 7 s . ; and 1 assure you I am extremel y sorry you can't get on . " ' I shall feel for ever grateful to you , sir , but I can ' t agree with Mr Griffiths , " and we parted . 1 shall now reply to Mr ¥ errfa figures , by which he seeks to prove that I always act on the competitive princip le . The following is the correct statement of my contract , and of the expense of materials , of which Mr Perry is wholly ignorant .
EXPENSE OF ONE PERCH OF WORK , » . a . Stones at quarry ... ... 1 6 Carriage of stones , which I EARN 1 6 Lime and ( and , which I DRAW 1 0 Mason ' * work ... ... 1 8 Less oa stone ... 0 2 Cost of perch of work 5 10 Now , what I give per perch is not 7 s ., but a mere trifle over 6 s . I made the contract for 7 s , but by that contract the face and sides were to be . of
chiselled stones and the corners all jointed , and cut quoins and cut arches ; however , I soon discovered that the operation would be very slow , and I re duced the contract to little more than 6 s ., and determined upon putting Roman cement on fronts and ends and chimneys , and which , besides enabling us to build six bouses for one , will not cost ONE SHILLING a house more than if they had been finished according to the terms of the ori g inal contract , while they will all have a beautiful and unifocal appearance . I must here state , that I save more than 6 A . a perch by having wells due for water to make
M Mt Beloved Friends, «Tt « These Are Th...
mortar at each-house : sometimes it cost me £ 4 10 s . a week for tfcrawing water * t ' Herringsgate , and I must also stfte , injustice to Mr Griffiths , that there i « not in Worcestershire a man who more thoroug hl y understands bbjpJHatows . I have given you a good reason for having the wells sunk by Mr Griffiths ; it is because he has no , allowance for drawing water for mortar j but I will give you yet a better reason . I announced that I would receive proposals for sinking wells , and had many offers-one from a SHAREHOLDER to sink them for SIX AND SIXPENCE a-yard , I FINDING STONES to wall them up . Mr Griffiths ' proposal was 2 s . a yard under the lowest , and that from his quarry the
STONES SHOULD COME . I should state that Mr . Griffiths « himself a working man , and every one of his sons are engaged in the building , and I never ( net whh better workmen or more decent men in my life , ! should also state that Mr Griffiths has bought an / jmmerise quantity . of stones from a neighbouring quarry at 2 s . a perch , and we drained the three 4 « arries in building . I get 2 s . 6 d . a square yard for drawing sand , Is . 6 d . a square yard for drawing stones , 4 d . a load for drawing lime . I can ea # 9 s . a day * drawing stones with each horse , 7 s . * d . 1 » awing « Dd , « ad 8 j . 4 d . drawing lime ; so that I think I am part profitmonger with Mr Griffiths . "
Now , a word or two about Mr Honeychurch and the wells . Mr Perry says he sent me five letters about them ; HE DID NOT , and if he had , the probability is , that I should not have replied to them , aud certainly would not contract with a man in Devonshire , without any proposal whatever , and I as certainly would not delay the work for his inspection ; * but the fact is , I knew nothing whatever of the man till he came here , and then he told me he Ti & s sony hs bad NOT KNOWN THAT WELLS WERE TO BE SUNK . I found him a
very respectable man when he did arrive , and treated him accordingly . Now , it is natural to suppose that Mr Griffiths would have a partiality for his own nei ghbours , and yet , at my request , he gave Mr Honeychurci twenty wells to sink at 2 s . 9 d . a yard ; Mr Griffith getting 4 s . for sinking , finding and drawing stones t > wall them up . And now , as to his not being abb to earn more than 12 s . a week . A man named G < orge Wright has taken the other
twenty at the sane price as Mr Huncychurcn , aud , men don't often exaggerate their own earnings , especially to ai employer . I went to him this morning , and asked him what he could earn ; he said , from nineteen shillings to a guinea . I re . plied , " How ? rbneychurch says he can only earn 12 s . " " No morecould I , " he rejoined , " if I came to work at nine o ' clock ; but , " he continued , "if he ' s tired of the job I'll BUY it OFF HIM , as I can make it do . "
Now , for the 25 per cent , stopped . That was my agreement , and is all contracts SH LL BE MY AGREEMENT ; Vat , when I found the work progressing to my satisfaction , I did not enforce it , as Mr Griffiths being a working man should subject the masons to the same rule ; aud here a word about the competitive system : a week ago one of the masons came to complain that they could no t manage with the deduction of 25 per cent , as they had two houses going on together , " Well" said I , "I will not stop the 25 percent , as the work is going on well , " and on the following morning they
were paid up . The man who complained was , of course , against the COMPETITIVE SYSTEM , and was a great supporter of our glorious cause ; however , he had scarcely left me , when a lad about eig hteen years of age came up , and said " Sir , I wish you would make —— pay me , he engaged me for 7 s . a week , and I have worked three weeks , and now he says he ' ll only give me 4 s , ajweek . " Now a word about the poor operatives , not one of whom earn more than 15 s . a week . Not a carpenter on
the estate earns less than 35 s . a week , and they richly deserve it ; the labourers working task-work earn over one pound a week each ; a well-digger earns a pound , the head carter earns 16 s ., and the seveil others I 4 s . a week each , the sawyers have averaged £ 112 s . 6 d . each for five days in the week , and I never had a complaint from any man but Mr Perry , and I think those who know him will give him the character of never being satisfied with any man in the world but himself .
So much for his letter , and now for a few trifles . I paid a London gentleman £ 1 15 s . 3 d . for putting chininey-pieipes in three-roomed houses at Herrings gate , and here thePROFIT-MONGER , Mr Griffiths , puts them up for £ 1 the three , and in point of beauty , value , and appearance , they are not to be compared . In fact , those here are most beautiful . Now , Mr Perry , just a word to you . You have been an idle , quarrelsome fellow all your life , and if you write till you are black in the face you won ' t drive me for my purpose , and if all the shareholders in the company were to pass a resolution that none but members should be employed . l would
NOT EMPLOY A MEMBER who was not able to give roe twenty shillings of work for a pound , and I'll tell you more , that neither you , nor your Kensington friends , who are disappointed in not getting the job , shall ever MAKE THE LAND FUND A REFUGE FOR THE IDLE . But just hear another word : I believe every man working upon the estate IS A MEMBER , and some have deposited LARGELY IN THE BANK , which they would not have done , but for the confidence I have inspired by setting fellows like you at defiance , and , what is stronger still , the major portion of those working here worked at Herringsgate , and I refer
THE MEMBERS TO THEM FOR MY CHA . RACTER . No struggling hand-loom weaver shall pay interest during his life for my easiness or folly . I have promised them the retail thing at the WHOLESALE PRICE , and it shall not be burthened with WHOLESALE PLUNDER . My balance sheet for this quarter is like that for the last , no charge for my travelling or other expenses , no sundries , and all the MONEY SAFB ; and I will not work for nothing that idlers may live upon my labour , nor shall all your "GLORIOUS PRINCIPLES , "AND " YOURS FRATERNALLY , " INTIMIDATE ME .
My friends , if I had not contracted for all the wotk 1 could not complete it by day work for more than five times the amount . I don't care how much a man earns at task work ; the more he earns the more pleased I am . In fact you know that that is the very princi ple for which I am contending . I now give you an exact return ] of the PROFITMONGER'S profit on the first twenty wells sunk , as well as a return of the cost price to him for three perches of work . - —
PricM of Three Perches of Stone Work at Lowbands . 1 ton of best stone for quoins and arches ... 0 2 6 lton of stone from Beale Coopers 0 2 0 1 ton of ditto from Herberts 0 16 Hauling 3 tons at Is . 6 d .... . „ ,., . „ ... 0 * 6 3 barrels of lime , and hauling at lOd , 026 S » nd and hauling , quwter of a ton 0 0 9 Masons ' work at 20 d . per perch . 050 For three perches ... ... ... ... 3 ) 0 18 9
I Cash price per perch ... 0 6 3
M Mt Beloved Friends, «Tt « These Are Th...
AV 5 BAQE PRICE OF SINKING WBLM , 1 htStBl 30 went , Bf » r 4 » tach , wta ^ 4 t „ .. 2 * 0 9 Expended lit labour , 120 yards at 8 « . 9 o \ ... ... ... ma o 2 tons of stose to steen each well GOO 8 wells steened from the bottom , 9 tons of stone extra , St .... ... 1 7 0 , 23 17 0 Profit for the contractor on 20 wells ... 0 3 0 I now require an answer from the members to this question : —
Am I to manage the working department of the Land Company , or am I to be subjected to the constant attacks of parties who hope to turn the funds into a fund for the comfortable support of ENTHUSIASTIC- INFERNAL IDLERS ? I had nearly omitted to state one fact with reference to Mr Perry ' s love of our "GLORIOUS PRINCIPLES . " I told Mr Griffiths that , in all cases , I would prefer a Chartist being employed to persons of any other political faith . Mr Griffiths asked Perry if lie WAS A CHARTIST , and bis answer was , " NOT I IN . DEED . " I am , my Friends , Your faithful and watchful Bailiff , Feargus O'Connor .
P . S . — 'Now , MrPerry , ifyou want any more of it you must go to the REFUGE FOR THE DESTITUTE , Lloyd ' s , or the Manchester Examiner , but not another word from you shall occupy space in the Star . You have had your SPIT , and I have had my say ; and as to your confidence in me , and your blarney , I would much rather be without it . "The censure of slaves is praise ; " and for your further satisfaction , it is my intention to take Mr Griffiths with me , wherever I may be engaged in building , so entirely satisfied am I with his work . F . O'C .
The Following Is Mr Perry's Letter, And ...
THE FOLLOWING IS MR PERRY'S LETTER , AND MR O'CONNOR'S ANSWER , PROMISED LAST WEEK ;
To The Directors And Shareholders Of The...
TO THE DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS OF THE CHARTIST LAND COMPANY . Mt Feuekdb , —I am anxious to make you acquainted with the injurious effects occasioned by a departure from , or perversion of , the fundamentals of our system . You will recollect the wish expressed by the Conference of December last , quite in accordance and coneisteat with tbe principles of co-operation weprofess—that shareholders should take precedence of all others in tbe employ of the Company .
I have been a Social Reformer the last sixteen years , and , I believe , I know what Social Reform means . I know , also , the privileges conferred by the constitution of our union , and I know abuse of those privileges will cause decay , and ultimately , failure . Therefore , it becomes my duty , as well as of all who claim the same title , to guard those privileges with a watchful and zealous solicitude . I am second to bo one in awarding to Mr O Connor fall credit for all be has done , and an honest sincerity in what he is still doing , aud I do give him my most sincere and heartfelt thanks , and my confidence in him still remains unshaken .
But , my friends , let us remember he is human , and liable to err like other men , and I will not palliate error even in Mr O'Connor , bat expose it , that it may be redressed . Now , Mr O'C . has committed the most egregious error of preaching union and co-operation , while he is , all the time , acting on the competitive principle . I have lived half a century in the competitive world , and I never saw it carried . 'to a greater extent ; in fact , it is carried tosuch an extreme , that it is , as to
pecuniary matters , the dearest , as I will endeavour to demonstrate ; and wherever there is a member employed , he ia degraded in hi * own eyes , and ill-used . And I do firmly believe Mr O'C . would not , if he could help it , employ a member at all , ior some reasons best known to himself . . I will now prove to you the competitive principle on which Mr O'C . is acting , ( and which is in opposition to our professions and wishes ) is the most expensive , principally the building .
as m . counter , ikvck samurai rareics . i . d . Allow ttoae sad mortar , per perch 3 6 Labour , do 1 a Profit-monger ' s fee for doing nothing ... ... 1 10 7 0 11 CF 10 T 1 N 9 UKBEBS BI CO-OKSATiOH . S . d . Stous and mortar , per perch ... ... ... 3 6 Labour ... ... ... ... *** •» - ... . ** - ^ Superintendent ... ... ... 0 2
5 8 Now . here b aclear saving in money of oneshilling and foarpence per perch , or £ i 12 s . per house , containing eig hty-four perches , to say . nothing of our repuUtionand consistency , which Ithmk is not the lew important . The extra foarpence for | labonr I
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®| e JjjM $ *& t Mm , X AND NATIONAL TRADED JOURNAL . VOL . NO 495 . LONDON , SATURDAY , APRIL , 17 , 1847 . ^ J ™^?™^^ - ¦ . . * W » e § MllIng « and Sixpence Per quarter .
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Cubpstow.—On Friday A Meeting Was Held A...
CuBpstow . —On Friday a meeting was held at the Greyhound Inn , Chepstow , for the purpose of hearing a lecture delivered by Mr T . Clark , of the National Land Company . Handbills bavin ' , ' been freely circulated , at the time appointed ( seven o ' clock ) the room was crowded by persons anxious to have . in explanation of the Land Plan . Mr Charles Walters ( who was condemned with the brave patriot , Mr Jl / tlll Flunk , uuJ » . ! -- - HiT-v . ( J * v «_ 9 . . ... I _•„ months' imprisonment in the MiUbank Penitentiary ) was called to the chair . Having briefly stated the objects of the meeting , he introduced Mr Clark , who , in a forcible and lucid manner explained the objects of the company , and the benefits to be derived therefrom . The lecturer gave great satisfaction . At the close of the lecture ( which lasted nearly two hours ) the following resolution was proposed by Mr II . Luff , and seconded by Mr James Tamplin , and carried
unanimously—That it is the opinion of this meeting that the ylsn , fig now propundod by Mr T . Clark , of the National Land Company , is not only deserrin ^ of the approbation but also the support of all persons who are fviiwls of the working classes , and this meeting pledges itself to do all in its power to further the object * of the Company . A vote of thanks having been given to Mr Clark for his very able lecture , and the same compliment having been paid the chairman , the mcetintr separated . Several new members joined on Monday evening . GaoTnait . —On Monday evening a discussion was held at Lovediy ' s Temperance Hotel , Surrey-street , on the question— " Should the Land be held as private or common Property ? " Mr Macarty having
been called to the chair , the debate was opeuud by Mr Frost . He contended that political equality could not produce social equality . While the land remained private property , the possession of thesuffrasf would prevent some men fr . wn becoming poor and others rich . If thelandof this country was equally divided among tiw existing population it would give twelve acres to ( each family ; then the six suns of one man would inherit only two acres each , while the only son of his neighbour would have twelve acres . Mr F . then quoted several passages from the New Testament , proving the assertion of Prudhom , that " Christianity is Communism , " and that community of goods was practised among the early Christian * for nearly 300 years . He held the principle , that , as
no man ever had , or could , create a single atom of matter , he had no right to claim anything an his own exclusive property . Mr Beare replied , that he was not prepared to advocate an exclusive right of possession . He thought . that the land should bs national propertv , to be cultivated individually , nut as private property , but as a trust . At the demise of the cultivator his land should revert to the nation , and thus the evils of heritage would be prevented . He thought the people were prepared frr this step , but not for Communism . He thought that individual possession and private dwellings would give more satisfaction to the present generation of work , ing men than the system advocated by Mr Frost . Mr Frost said , his opponent had not - . vttompte >\ to controvert his argument , and though the plan he bad jw < Ji « % « . d Tif t * dtc \ ded \ y in advance of the present state of things , he could only look upon it as a transitionary measure . The evils of private
possession were innumerable ; inequality of property was a greater evil than political inequality . While private property existed there would be a constant clashing of interests : the doctor had an interest in the ill-health of his neighbours ; the lawyer in the contentions of his clients ; the parson ia the ignorance of his congregation . Communism would reconcile these jarrin ? interests , and equalise rights and duties , by the institution of common suffrage , common labour , and common property . The debate was adjourned till . Monday , April 26 th . Dalston . —A special general meeting ' of theDalston branch of the National Land Company . was huld on Sunday , April 4 th , for the purpose of considering the question of members disposing of their allotment . Mr Wm . Ridlet was called to the chair , and opened the business of the meeting by observing , - that tie did not so much objeet to members selling their shares , providing that the purchaser could purchase the allotment out and out .
MrT . SowKRBVthen rose and said ; The subject upon which we have met to express our opinion * , and to give a decision , is a subject of vital importance . It is not only important to those who havo drawn prizes at the late ballots , but also to the memben of th « National Land Company in general . The selling of allotments I hold to be unjust in principle , unsound in policy , and a violation of the principle ou which the N & tional Land Company was established . When Mr O'Connor first propounded the Land plan , did he intend that it should be made a system oi ' speculation ? No ; his aim was to make tin .- working classes independent of their tyrannical masters , by placing them on the soil of their native land , and showing them the difference between live labour and
slavelabeur . ( Hear , hear . ) Toe phut propone * to make us happy , comfortable , and independent . Now does anyone supposetliatbydisposingoniisallotment , tbatbecan have those blessings conferred upon him ? It is utterly impossible . I hold it to be unjust on the part of those « ho have , and may dispute of tlmir allotments , for filthy lucre , to persons who may be in good circumstances , and perhaps altogether opposed to the principles of Chartism and the Land , except so far as they have secured for themselves a place of retirement , purchased by the co- opwiw . ou of the pounds , shillings , aud pence of nine-tenths of the Chartist body . I don t mean to hhv tiiut Messrs Wheeler , Knight , and Gamble arc oppoaid to the Charter and the Land : on the contrary , I am aware
that they are in favour of both ; but ihen this does not justify their right to act a » speculators , although there is no rule to suppress it . Tiieso men are in comparatively good circumstances , and consequently would have had no difficulty in waiting until they were fortunate enough to obtain their own prizes . But although those men are decidedly in f ' lvour of the Charter and the Land , we arc not l . < suppose that speculation will be confined to such men . ( Hear , hear . ) If it is allowed to go on , every estate will be pestered with locusts , who are too period to work , and whose aole object will be to create contusion , division and dissention among their more industrious
neighbours , with the final objeotof destroying the National Land Company altogether . Millions of money have been spent in speculation to uphold a bad system , and millions may be spent to destrov a good system But I hope and trust that , at the next Conference ! the 18 th rule will bo enforced as it stuod preview to the Conference of December , 1846 ; and I hope and trust that those who have drawn prizes , and have not disposed of them , will retain them lor their own advantage ; and if I could persuade myself that those who have deposed of their allotments , did so for no ther purpose titan that of receiving filthy lucre , I woww unhesitatingly declare that they don ' t deserve
Cubpstow.—On Friday A Meeting Was Held A...
liberty . The Chairman has observed , that ho doe * not object to the selling of allotments , providing that the purchaser -can purchase it out and out . Now I contend that any member who has drawn a prize , and declines to take it up , that the person whose number is nearest the person who declines , has an undoubted right to the allotment . Mr T . Sowerby then concluded . Other members having spoken upon Hie subject , the following resolutions were agreed to : — Moved by T . Sowerby , and seconded by 1 * . John-That it is the opinion of this meeting , that ( lie system of members selling their allotments is ntijust ; this meeting it , therefore , of opinion that the 18 th rale should be again enforced to suppress a system that otherwise will dangerous to the society . \
prove Moved by W . Ridley , and seconded by P . Johnston—That the secretary be requested to send a report of the oiwttvis to the Star for Insertion , In M-aer that the . various branches of the National fcand Company may * neak out upon the subjeet ; and that the Editor be r » qutnted tniniertlt . Moved by T . Sowerby , seconded by W . tt « id—That this meeting do strongly recommend the meeting of Conferences ! lowbands , on the Ht of July . At the conclusion ; a vote of thanks was given to the Board of Directors .
riNSBuny . —At a meeting of theFinshury bnnch ,. it was resolved— " That weekly deposits for tho LaadV Bank be now commenced , and that every means in-, onr power be used to carry the above object into-, effect . " Several persons paid in three firat instalments—the smallest sum received will be three ' pence per week . Hisdlrv . — The shareholders'have appointed a . scrutineer , auditors , and other officers . They approve of the Conference meeting at L wbands , m July next . The committee will , in future , m « et at-J . Bovvden ' s , from two to five o ' clock every Sunday , to receive subscriptions and enrol new members . Persons can have prospectuses or titles of the-National Land Company by applying t » r i oneph Bowden , Dodhurst-brow , Sandy-lane , Hindley . MaRTHtR Trovit . —Mr Thomas Clavh , one of the - directors of the Land Company , attended here o » . Wednesday evening last , and addressed a
numerous-and attentive audience , explaining tho objects and benefits of the Land Company , Tho address was mostenthusiastically received , and will no doubt have produced a good effect . Newport . —On Thursday evening a puUic meeting was held in the Odd Fellows'Hall , Old Hash Inn , Commercial-street , to hear the principJ ( . ' 3 and objects of the National Land Company expounded by Mr T . Clark , of London . Mr Williams was called to the chair , and after briefly addressing the meeting , called on Mr Clark , who was received with great applause . His very able address lasted nearly twohours , confirming the wavering , and convincing all present that they must look to the land for social redemption . A vote of thanks having beeu given to the lecturer and chairman , the meeting dispersed , many declaring they would immediately join the Land Company .
ForreRKS . —A few friends of the Hanley Branch , assembled at Mr J . Yeates ' , Temperance Hotel , on Friday evening , April 9 th , for the purpose of regaling themselves with a good , hearty , and substantial supper , which was served up in excellent style by Mrs Rentes . Mr Wm . Maitland was Killed to the chair , who congratulated his friends on the present meeting , and introduced Mr Joseph Stubbs , who proposed the following toast : — " The People , the Legitimate Source of all Power , " which was cheerfully responded to with a bumper of cold water and goad lemonade . Mr II . Foster then gave , " F . O'Connor and the directors of the National Land Company . " Mr J . Y . * ates , on being called , said , lie had great pleasure in proposing " The Pannta ' a filmvW m < , „
i ^ rff ' ^ c ra lu # 1 vvfe ^ a ^ uCn ' 8 aiiVdrwno proposed "Duncombe , and the National Trades ' Association . " Mr James Oldham then proposed •* The- Northern Star , and the Democratic Press . " Mr Kenyon then gave " Prosperity to the perseratec lover * of Liberty . " Mr J . Berington then propoicd " Mr J . II . Evans and the American Aurarian Reformers . " ( Applause . ) Son , ? , "Exile et Erin , " by the Chairman . " O'Connorville , the People ' s first Estate . " Song , by Mr John Moreton , " Spread the Charter . " Votes of thanks were thett given t » the chairman and others for their services . The supper was good and the speaking excellent .
PRKSTON . —Ata special meeting at Mr Hod ' s Temperance . Hotel , Lune-strect j on Monday evening , Mr Wm . Nollard in the chair , it was unanimously agreed , — " That this meeting approves of Mr O ' Connor ' s suggeat on for holding a conference ia July next , at l-owbandi " Sadfohd—The monthly meeting was held last Sunday , Mr Richard Catterall in the chair , when the following resolution was passed unanimously : — Tlmt tliis meeting recommend tbe Directors of the Land Company to issue sheets containing tho names and number of ttiose shareholders who are eligible to tho ballot , also the number of their certificates to be taken while the ballot i * going on , and that the localities pay for them when received .
Shufvikld —On Sunday last Mr Brigga delivered an address in the Democratic Temperance Room , 33 , Queen-street , on the subject of the National Land and Labour Bank , ai established by tho directors of the Land Company . On the motion of Mr Iligginbotfom . seconded by Mr M'Kenzie , the following resolution was unanimously passed : — " That , after hearinu the able address of Mr Brings , we are of opinion that the National Land and Labour Bank , as established by the directors of the Land Com *
pany , is the only means whereby the working classes can redeem themselves from slavery and oppression ; and further , that this meeting pledge * itself to further the objects of the said Bank , believing that tbe land is the best security that can be given . " ' Thanks having been given to the lecturer and chairman , the meeting dissolved . Wonsnno' Common . — -A public meeting was held on-Sunday evening last , at the house of Mr Henry-Switt , when the followingresolution was unanimously carried : —
That a tea party and illumination take p uce on Man . day , the 3 r > l day of May next , in celebration of the allot , teen taking possession of the people ' s first ostate , " O'Connorville . "
Furthcoming Meetings. Abbudkeh.—This Bra...
furthcoming meetings . Abbudkeh . —This branch , will meet every Friday night , at halt-past seven , in the Union Ual ' l , Blackfriars-street . I > ekby .--A general meeting of this branch will be held at No . I , Ureen-street , on Sunday evening , ucxt , April 18 , to adopt means to carry out the suggestion of Mr Tapp . Gaissbukuugh . — The shareholders will meet in Briggn . School Room , on Tuesday , the 20 th of April , at eight o ' clock in the evening . Haufax—Shareholders beloneine to the first and second sections ol tbe Land Company are rcqnested to attend in the large room , Buflclose Lane , on Wednesday , the 21 st of April , at eight o ' clock in the eveninj . Then and there they are expected to pajp all their arrears of local expenses .
lIr ! w : i ; sFiBH > Disirict .- —The secretary and treasurer of tin ' s district ait every second and last Tues day in the month , to enrol members aud . receive contributions for the 3 rd section at Ibbeson & Temperance Hotel , from eight to nine o ' clock in the evening . Ttiose members of the 1 st and _ nd section whe have not paid their directors' levy , are requested to do so without delay . Members of the Almoudbuiy district are also informed that the lliiddoislic'ld secretary is appointed to transact all the business of that district . Huti . —Tho National Land Companv meet every Monday evening , at the Ship , Church ' iaue , at halfpast seven o ' clock . The members are requested to pay up the quarter levies in advance . A tea party and bail will be held on the 3 rd of May , to celebrate the first location of the allottees .
Lkickstbr . —A general meeting of the shareholders will t > e held at their place of meeting next Sunday , t « disv : u > . $ the new rules , & o . Chair to be taken at s ' . A ^' eMi . LuoiiuoHoi-ou . —Mr J . Skeviugton will lecture on the Land plan , on Monday , April the 20 th , at the Ward ' s Kitd , at half-past seven in the evening ; after wlii ' -h the members of the Land Company in tbe neighbourhood of Loughborough , and those who may « ia ! i to join the same , will meet at the house of Mr Stevenson , New-street . Nbwpoo t —The members of the Land Company in this locality meet every Monday evening , at eight o ' clock , at the house ot Mr Thomas Williams , Fountain , Commercial-street .
Rai » forj > . —The shareholders ate reaucsted to attend in the Christians' meeting-house . " Denmanatreet , on Monday evening , April 18 ch . Salvord . —A special meeting of shareholders wiH beheld m their room , Bank-street , Great Georgestreet , oa bunduy next , at twoo ' wock . Socru l . o ! tm > a Hall—A public meeting of the Lambeth district of the National Land Company will be held in the above Hall , on Sunday evening next , at halt-past six o ' clock , to take into considerattou the Ultb . rule , and on other general business connected with the Company .
Dkstkbchon Op The Droqheda Stkamrr Grana...
Dkstkbchon op the Droqheda Stkamrr Grana Uilk . —Loss of Fortt Lives . —Liverpool , Thursday . —We deeply regret to announce that tlw Royal Albert , at this port , this morning , from Dublin , reports the destruction of the steamer Grana Uile , plying between this port and Drogkefla , by fire , on Wednesday morning . —The Grana Uile left this port on Tuesday night at 9 p . m ., with about eighty souls on board , and had not proceeded more than & third of iter voyage when she was discovered to be on fire ; and so rapid were the flames that she was burnt to the water ' s edge , and sank before six a . m . About forty lives were saved by a fishing boat , which fortunately came to theirassistanoe , and nearlj as many more were lost , including her commander , Captain Bowden , who has left a nifo and four children . We expect to rewire further particulars thi » evening .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 17, 1847, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_17041847/page/1/
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