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": 4 s/f#- %%%W3'£A%~Vi-M$ '" Stab-- - '...
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THB,PB j )PLE'S VKrORlES AT THE RECENT PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS, - ¦¦'¦ i g A PUBLIC DINNER,; f
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DEMOCRATIC FESTIVAL.
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Jam-court Boad; — Skelton. 24, Cecil-cou...
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PORTRAIT OF ERNEST JONES, Esq., Babrister-at-Law.
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A splendid full-length portrait of Errie...
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THE NORTHEEN STAR SATURDAY, SEPTEHBER 16.1847.
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A PILL FOR POLITICAL ECONOMISTS. In retu...
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THE PALACE AND THE BASTILE. The strange ...
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STATE OF TRADE.—FUTURE PROSPECTS. The pr...
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Errattjm. —In the closing paragraim of t...
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®*3™*CV* * ®0lTtSB0lUMl!*»
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V„ A.f. , t MISCELLANEOUS. Hovfe mi ° l ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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" : 4 s / f # - %%% W 3 ' £ A % ~ Vi-M $ '" Stab-- - ' - ; Sbktemseb ;; 18 ,-. ] 847 .
Thb,Pb J )Ple's Vkrorles At The Recent Parliamentary Elections, - ¦¦'¦ I G A Public Dinner,; F
THB , PB ) PLE'S VKrORlES AT THE RECENT PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS , - ¦¦ ' ¦ i A PUBLIC DINNER , ; f
Ad00413
e I XX CSLEBUTIOX OF THOSE TMOHPS ? , WIIL SE HEtft AT THE C ROW N AND ANCHOR TAVERN , STRAND ; f 05 MONDAY ETINING , Octona 25 th , 1847 . I DJmw on Table at Sir o'Clock precisely . Tickets , 3 s . 83 . eacli . j Mr WILLIAM DIXON , of Manchester , win tale ike Chf jr . The follewimr Members of Parliament hare been invited , and are apected ter- attend : tj ,,., ^^ t W « £ l « r * O'Connor G « on : eThompson , T . P . Thompson , W . J , Fox , W . S . Cra / fora C J ^ , = , a « om " . - ^ sJj ^ Sey ^ Var ^ S . Gardner . J . B 9 wrinft J . Hume , O'Gorr ^ jP *** ??* ' Jobp « mU 5 Sl 2 a « rteSS « OR Hunt ., J . Brothertoa , Sir B . Hall , John WaW ^ T' ^ 1 0 ihoVlB ' " $ SS T Sarh . B . O . Jones , J , H , Parry , E . Vincent , 3 . Fielden , IF ^ Wi'V ^ " * ^ " / - * ? hePu « ic * hi Emitted by ttkrt , after dtaner , Rt a charge of Thret . ^ „** . Ti ck ' s to . loh . dat the ^ S / clSs C , ffee-housc , ttoljwelUte « t ; Skelton , Cecilcr ^^ M ^ VdUK Parkes , little V 53 l .. *«» mM ' \ ? "V £ * ' ? ¥ * * £ ?• » ¦ •* CDffsy ' ^ " ^ ... r eet , tfdiand . Jrect ; A . P »*< r , **™ K ^ S ^ T *?^ . ^ fvFL ? " &* ^^ tb , walk ; Sdwards , jeweller , ^ esttWt , Bermondrcy ; Goocvnt , Great Chesterfield-stwet ^ | t aryi ebone . c ^ Coffee noi 4 e i Ul \ E dzwareft . **; Sta' -lwood , 2 . Ltttle Vateplaco , nanimnsmith-road ; . ^ Dear , Workman *^ wn Shop . m , Totten jam Coar t-ioad * , North ** Ster OK « , Great Wmdraul-street ; iht j ^ land 0 Ece f llt aigh HoUJOra . of the Cosa « ittce , atOiRr place ot sieeting ( every Tuesday evening } , A- K ^ Uj ^^ sj ^^ r t ^ sobo- . and all rfaces of weethwo ? tbelrsnd and Charter bodies throughout . ^ metropoli 8 . 1 tho Secretary , Mr James Grasiby , 8 , Noah ' s Ark-court , Stargate , Limbeth , and at the ba' ^ , he TaTern >
Ad00412
t „ ° 4 NutnfeSs , OKoag foolscap . Price , to Schools , ** ¦ les / sd-yer KO . or ild . eacb . li FSTERNS P / ROCHtAL SCHOOL COPF BOOKS ; % Ast a Kcw ant ! Improved System of Teaching Writine ^ signed more es pec ia lly for the Instruction of fMUittW ADULTS , in larpe numbers , at «« least and ^^ te eipeussof & me and money . The Contents of Ihfe SeYies are asfel ' ums : — Jo . " lto l 0 . inifeifery « ercisss . _^ . . § £ . 11 ana 12 . Initiatory exercises ? tcxthand , with frSlfiSy * . Capitals , Eisoxes . aaiessonsin te ^ andrountftiand . . ' Ko . l 3 a * d * . « . Texth-tid Sentences . Sentences
Ad00415
TB & STLY BOMISctTlOS TRE BASE O ? * ATI <» S . whisday . anewandSin prOTea Edition , pfe reduced to ^*» r » prrfcAR HISTORY 6 ? PRIEST < JRAFT , in all * P iSTauaSrS -By WiiXlA * HWiTX . Eighth - ~* SS * H ^ S eW * . ** Pass ed the -V « nn of critieisnu Sfe service * to tfec cause of cml * 2 £ rdMous t ^ om- « auot well be lted too hwhly . - - SawelookUMoitasoueofthegreat agents in enabling ¦ SStotoffiito efforts of the tngtor priests ofthe KtabUshments . In this edition there « a great mass oi Jew matter , and-above all , thebook ^ iow appears at a greatly Tedc ^^ ix . ' -Exeter Western limes . Tendon : Effingham Wilson , Publisher , 11 , Royal ... " Exchange .
Ad00421
« COLOURED DAGUERREOTYPE PORTRAIT in ¦ A . best morocse ease for Ifls ., which is ISs . less than ¦ dt other London establishment , and warranted to be ternaRy good , ' bj MR EGERTON , US , Flect-street , Mpotiie EotKerie-street , and 1 , Temple-street , White-^ rs . Open Aiily from nine itill foox . Fereipi ApparatusAgentto'Voigtlanderand'Xiribours , a complete Uookof Instraotjon , priee 7 s . & L , by post les Pri e Bsts sentpostfree .
Ad00422
FOR ONE SOVEREIGN ONLY . fWtO PERSONS vrishing to obtain a correct knowledge X of theArtoflMstiUatson . The Advertiser hav ; ng had'thirty years' practice in © neot the first DisrWeries in London , is willing to give iastrncrjon-s by receipt to such parties as may wish to learn the above , Art , His process in the Distillation renders it entirely free from the smoky flavour , at present to predominant . On advance of Post-office Order to John A- ' ger Hancock , No . 5 . Faircloth-ploce , High-street Lambeth , Landoa , die fall instructions wiU be forwarded .
Ad00419
A MEMBER of the NATIONAL LASD COMPANY is trilling to DISPOSE of a FOUR ACRE SHARE in fiie THIRD SECTION , on account of it b ; ing inconvenient to him . at present , to change his residence . —Apply to E . Hobsoa , News Agent , Old street , Ashton-uader-Xjne . ¦
Ad00420
" WARRINGTON CONSPIRACY . 'J " A GENERAL MEETING of Engineers , Machinists , and other branches of trade , will be held at tbe CROWN ASD AXC 50 R TAVERN , STRAND , on Saturday Evening , September 25 th , whenW . P . Roberts , Esq ., witt attend and give an exposition of the case , so far as it has hitherto proceeded . Chair to be taken at Seven o ' clock .
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"fiOi lUUliXti ur lUlitLOUiaa . T 7001 BO 1 D TJPPE & MILL LOCK . SUPERISTENDING COSSTABtB WAXIED . A SUfEBlKTENDISG COSSTABLB for the SADDLE WORTH DIflSION of Upper-Agbrigg , in the Yfapontake of Aghrigg and Morley , in tin West Riding of fte county of York , consisting ofthe township of Quick , will be aspolutedatthencxt General Quarter Sessions ofthe Peac » , tobshoiaenby Adjournment at Leeds , in aad for the West Riding of the County of York , on Wednesday , tho Twentieth day of October nest , at twelve O'clock at hoou . Tho Superintending ConstaluVs Salary wul he £ 120 a fear . Ho mostprorids for the security of the prisoners and lock , up during hii absence without any further expense to the RidimT—he will he reemired to dtrotehis
Democratic Festival.
DEMOCRATIC FESTIVAL .
Jam-Court Boad; — Skelton. 24, Cecil-Cou...
Jam-court Boad ; — Skelton . 24 , Cecil-court , St Martin ' s lane ; and J . Arnott ,-8 , Middlesex-place , Somen Town . Tax FaAiEBHin of Nations . —A Public Sotpek jrill be held on Monday , September 20 th , at tne German Hall , White ilart , Drury-lsne , in commemoration of the founding ofthe French Republic , mid the formation of the society of Fraternal Democrats . British , French , German , Polish , and Italian democrats will take part in the proceedings Supper on table at eight o ' clock . Tickets may be
had of G- J- Harney , Northern & ar office ; G . Schapper , 24 , King-street , Soho ; Thomas Ciark , Chartist Land Company office , IU , Ili ^ h Holborn ; C . Keen , 1 , Poplar-row , New Kent-road ; J . Overton , U , Tabernacle-row , City-read ; J . Shaw , 24 , Gloucesterstreet , Commercial-readeaat : Henry Koss . ll , Edith Vil ! as , Nnrth-end Folham ; £ . Stallwood , Uammersmith ; Dear , National Trades' Office , 11 , Totten-£ 5 * Tickets cannot ba had after Sunday . The Committee tor making arrangements are requested to meet at the above hall at six o ' clock precisely on Sunday evening . All persons holding tickets are expected to attend at the same & ne and place , or at least send word as to the number of tickets sold .
The Wasi Ridesg Delegate Meeting will beheld On Sunday next , September 19 th , at Mr Robshaw ' s , Good Samaritan Inn , Dawsbury . Business to commence at half-past 12 o'clock at noon . Delegates from all parts of the Riding are requested to attend . Sheffield . —A meeting of the members ofthe Natiora ' , Charter Association will -be held in the Pamecratic Reading Room , 33 . Queen-street , on Sunday ev .-ning , September 19 th , to elect a new spuneil . Chair to be taken at seven o ' clock . Persons holding collecting books , are requested to bring itbem in , on or before the 22 sd instant . Si Helkss . —Meetings will be held every Sunday <« renin ;! , at 7 o clock , at James Wood ' s , r / arr-ctreet , 4 > t Helens .
The Wabrkgion CoirapnucT . —We beg to direct Jfce attention of onr readers to an advertisement in Another cdnmn , convening a meeting of the en-* jceers and other trades , at tbe Crown and Anchor , « n the evenin . 2 ofthe 25 th inst ; at which the miners' Attorney-General will attend for the purpose of « xpjsizjD £ the circumstances connected with this ease . We trust that the meeting will be such as to show tie o ppressors of honest industry that labour ' s I Kins ace . ariuly resolved to * stick by their own fifff £ T ' Nswn & u *? a ) . —A public mcetin ; will be held at Jfeslioiiarid , near Wilsden , on Sunday . theSrdof OsJober . at tco o ' clock , when persens are expected *» attend from i )& following places : — Braufurd , Halifax , Keighles & iA Haworih . ^ atjord . —The x > Sceraofthis branch meet every fiaatlayafferuooB , d ta rlack sod oa Tuesday eve » ine g from 8 to 10 .
, _ , . ftascsthLMi Odd FwMws . -VThe Independent Reformed Order of Odd FeiJows , W . U ., in Binning-Jiam , will' take an excursion to London , oa Alonday & 0 29 : hi Sept , for the knefti ofthe Widows ' and Orphans ? Fund . Probably £ od » em « ebers ofthe Land Company fflsv arail themselves of this opportunity ( Of going to London to sign 'the mooter im * " lralnTfil ^ Ktuxnoa Saturday the 25 th .
Ad00411
JTJST OTMiISHED , 80 . IX . OF M T « E " UB « BBEB , ^ mCE-SWVEHCS . Letters < pr & paic » to be addressed to the Editors , 16 'Qrest Windmill Street , Haymarket , Lo » do » . Orders rooeivedby all agents forthe "Northern Star " and all bookseUtrs in town and country .
Ad00410
THE LABOUSiR ; Thsessuingnumfeer of tbe Iabocssb will be entirely devoted to a treatise-upon the Rational Land Company , and the National Land and Labour Bank , as an auxiliary to that establishment , written by Feargus O'Connor , M . P ., and should be preserved as a part of tho literature of the day . hy evfiy one-who feels an interest in thepro . gress of hn ' maa ' happiness , -and the stability » f our National Institutions . As this treatise proves indisputably the influence that the project is calculated to exercise over all future go . Ternnients ; itis tbcintention of the proprietor to place a number in tie hands of every individual member of Parliament , so that , when the pigmy privileges of a worn out aristocracy shall be called upon to yield to the progressing knowledge of the-age , none shall be able to pUad ignorance ofthe influence which has sapped this mine of corruption and fully . Agents are . requested to send their orders in thee : ah immense demand being anticipated .
Ad00416
Sow Ready , a Kew Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS To be had at the Xcrthern Star Office , 16 , Great Wind mill Street ; and of Abel Hey wood , Manchester .
Portrait Of Ernest Jones, Esq., Babrister-At-Law.
PORTRAIT OF ERNEST JONES , Esq ., Babrister-at-Law .
A Splendid Full-Length Portrait Of Errie...
A splendid full-length portrait of Erriest Jcne , representing him to the life itself , is now being engraved upon a steel plate , and when a sufficient number is printed it will be g iven with the Northern Star to subscribers only , that is , to all subscribers ^ from the first week in October until the portrait is ready . All parties who hare seen the portrait concur in the opinion that it would be impossible to procure a more perfect likeness . As the proprietor of the Northern St rhaslqst ^ considerable sums on account of portraits , it must be understood that none but subscribers can ' receive the p late , as no more will be printed than are required to supply subscribers . natiomiandSleouii bane In future , all letters intended for this Establishment are to be addressed simply , ' To the Manager of the National Land and Labour Bank , 144 , High Holborn , London . '
The Northeen Star Saturday, Septehber 16.1847.
THE NORTHEEN STAR SATURDAY , SEPTEHBER 16 . 1847 .
A Pill For Political Economists. In Retu...
A PILL FOR POLITICAL ECONOMISTS . In returning , according to promise , to tbe objections urged by the newspaper critics against the plans ofthe National Land CoMPANY , we propos e to grapple with one which they consider the most formidable , namely—the subdivision of the soil into small holdi gs—which constitutes so prominent a feature in these plans . Oneof the canons of modern Political Economy is , that the most economical and productive mode of cultivating ( he soil is to t ' jrow
it into large farms , and that a general sub-division of the soil into small holdings , is , in all cases , concomitant witb a low general condition of the people , so situated and employed . Acting upon this principle , the most persevering efforts have been made in modern times for the extension of the large farm system . By many writers , the evils of Ireland are mainly attributed to the existence of small holdings \ while the comparative prosperity of Scotland , with
its large farms , is triumphantly adduced as a proof of the superiority of that system . Latterl y , the opponents of small farms , have cited France as another instance of the pernicious effects of the subdivision of the soil , and even Belgium ; and reasoning from these data , they assume that the extensive introduction of that princi ple into this countrythrough the medium ofthe Land Company—will he productive of national injury , and individual loss . '
There is something exceedingly specious in these arguments , when looked at from one point of view . But when they are closely examined , their fallacious character is easily detected . In the first place , it ought to be kept constantl y in view that , in arguing the comparative merits of the two systems , the Political Economists * ry everything by their usual standard—how far it contributes to the increase of wealth , and the interests of capital—without reference to its moral and domestic tendencies . Mr
Senior , one of the most celebrated doctors of the new economical philosophy , explicitly states , that Political Economy , as such , has nothing whatever to do with morals . Its legitimate object being simply to enquire into the means of increasing the national wealth at the smallest cost of . capital and labour . The celebrated Scottish system of farming is based upon this principle , quite as much as the manufacturing system of Lancashire , and acts with precisely the same results—so far as the labourers are concerned . The farmer keeps the smallest possible
amount of manual labour for the necessary attendance on the steam-engine , the machines it drivesthe inventions of the modern agricultural implement mafce and the few manual operations , which have not yet been abrogated by the inventions of the mechanic . Ta thesejabourers the lowest possible remuneration is given . They assist in growing large crops of tho finest wheat , but it may be almost literally said , that not a grain of it reaches their table . It is carried away to be disposed of in ( he distant market towns , while they are fed upon bread composed of
the meal graand from barley and peas . A white loaf is , or a t all events used to be , within out own recollection aad experience , a rare visitor indeed to the cottage of a Scottish "hind . " In this respect , that eless are placed in an analogous position to the operatives in the manufacturing districtstbey vrork for exportation , not consumption . The labourers , in both cases , are looked upon merel y as part of tbe machinery requisite for producing a given amount of wealth , which has afterwards to be turned ia'o gold for tbe benefit of the landlord and farmer , the manufacturer and the merchant . The question of f jnomisitig fuel for tie etJgine , 8 taad 8 on lbs same
A Pill For Political Economists. In Retu...
j ' - ' ' . - ' ¦ M . .- .--... , ... .., ,, .... .. .., ground , r ^^ ^^ ^ game category as the sub-SlS < f >^ 1 he feboufer whohas to suppl y it ,, and j ire-, according to , the orthodox ami recognised e / ttd ' of . Pofitical Economy , to be provided at the I mallestpossible cost . : . It is very obvious that however much this system may facilitate the production of calicoes and corn , it leaves . out of sight certain essential elements in tire constitution of a prosperous and happy nation . The wealth which is thus made the stmnum botmt of f I j
fauman existence , becomes , in consequence -of the non-observance of the moral obligations which are the real cemeift of society , a curse and not a blessing to the nation which conducts its business on such false and-depraved principles . Despite of the learned jargon written by closet-bred philosophers , and the flippant oratory spouted by . countingJhouse patriots ; there are inwoven in the constitutionof nature , principles of right and wrong , which cannot be systematically violated without entaiUug certain retribution . Tbe state of affairs , and the general condition of < the people , in every nation of Europe at this moment , afford melancholy evidence of the roanner in which the . avenging Nemesis ever dogs the offenders against the natural laws of equity .
The upholders of the orthodox system of Political -Economy may , perhaps , say that these observations , while they impugn the system of which they are the advocates , do not prove that on which the National Lasd Company is founded to be correct . Before closing this article , we propose to show , by reference to fads , that the latter , when fairly carried out , is productive not only of the moral and domestic advantages which we des'derate , but is also productive , of a higher degree of general comfort and of physical enjoyment , than is now realised by their own boasted system . - ¦•¦ -
. Feiv travellers of modern times have more closely or philosophically observed the working and effects of nationaViiistitutions in the various countries tie has visited , than Mr Samuel Laing . In his work on Sweden and Norway , published a few years since , he exhibited a remarkable political phenomenon , which is best described in his own words : — ?* The two kingdoms of Europe , where crime is highest and lowest in amount , are found side by side , and in every circumstance , save , political and social institutions , precisely similar ; save that in soil and in climate , Sweden enjoys considerable . advantages over her poor and hardy , but intelligent , virtuous , and inde pendent sister ( Norway ) . . ' .. "
Intelligence , virtue , and Independence , an almost complete exe option from crime , and ihediffusion of general comfort among a people , are not things to he met with every day in the pages of the traveller ; when they are , they deserve a little more attention than the speculations of the mere theorist , no matter though his head may be crammed with all the elaborate propositions contained in all the tomes , of political economists , from Adam Smiih down to J . R . M'CrjLLOCH .
In commencing an enquiry into the causes of Norwegian prosperity and rural superiority , we are met at the threshold by the fact , that the very system decried by our theoretical economists and Free Traders , exists in that country , Mr Laing resided in different parts of Norway for aboutjtwo years . He evidently made use of every opportunity afforded him of scrutinising the moral , domestic , and social , as well as political position of the Norwegians , and , after a minute and careful examination , he deliberately concludes them to be the happiest people in Europe , if not in the world . Mr
Laing explicitly attributes ( his to " the extens ' ve diffusion of landed properly among the people , and the general equality which is maintained by the smallntss of the estates . In a population of rather less than 1 , 000 , 000 , there are about 41 , 656 landed proprietors . Mr Laing estimates , ( hat one man in every 22 is a landed proprietor in Norway , and , in Scotland , only one in every 700 of the population . Though the estates are generally small ( consisting , in general , of from forty to fifty acres ) , ( hey are sufficient to furnish all the comforts and many of
the elegancies of life . Indeed , the whole nation is , according to Mr Laing , well lodged , well fed , well clothed in ( heir household manufactures , and have abundance of fuel . Leisure and ease of mind are largely enjoyed by all the Norwegians . The feverisli excitement which pervades English society under tbe reign of Political Economy , is unknown among them . Nor is this the description of one class . The housemen , or married labourers , and workmen of all descriptions , are in a much better condition than the same class in other countries . Almost
every Norwegian plays on some instrument , and the nation is fond of dancing , to which pastime their long winter nights , and easy , social habits , are peculiarly favourable . Mr Laing presents the following picture of the rural . population in ' . this country [ of small estates . It presents a delightful contrast to that observed in this country , where low wages , insufficient diet , and squalid hovels , are the lot of most of the agricultural labourers , under the system of large farms and larger estates .
• 'The bonder , or agricultural peasantry , each the proprietor of his own farm , occupy ( he country from the shore-side to the hill foot , and up every valley or glen as far as corn can growi This class is the kernel of the nation . . They are , in general , fine athletic men , as their properties are not so large as to exempt them from work , but large enough to afford them and their household abundance , and even superfluities , of the best food . They farm not
to raise produce for sale so much as to grow everything they eat , drink , andwear in their own fami'ies . They build their own houses , make their own chairs , tables , ploughs , cnrts , harness , iron-work , basket and wood-work—in short , except window glass , cast-iron ware , and pottery , everything about tlieii houses is of their own fabrication . There is not , probably , in Europe so greata population in so happy a condition as these Norwegian yeomanry . "
Yet these happy Yeomanry are not onl y Jgnorant of Political Ecoaomy , but live in a manner which sets at defiance every one of its canons . A set of greater economical infidels cannot be conceived than parties who do not produce so much for sale as for home enjoyment , and who , despising the crotchets about subdivision of labour , make almost everything they want at their own happy homes . Here is the finish of the portrait , which is enough to make every genuine economist ' s hair stand on e nd , " like quills upon the fretful porcupine : "—
"They farm their little estates , and consume the produce without seeking to barter or sell , except what is necessary for paying their taxes , and the few articles of luxury they consume . There is no money getting spirit amongst them , and none of extravagance . They enjoy the comfort of excellept houses , good furniture , bedding , linen , clothing , fuel , victuals , and drink , all in abundance , and of their own providing . * Food furniture , and clothing being ail Home-made , tue diflerence in these matters
between the family and the servants , is very small . " The servants are , however , lodged in a distinct building adjoining the famil y house . The Borstue , or unmarried servants' house , is better than many of . ihe farm houses in Scotland . It consists of a large well-lighted sitting-room , with a good stove , benches , chairs , and a table . A kitchen adjoins , for cooking and washing , and the upper story is partitioned into bed-rooms , each with a window . The whole of the building , whether parlour or chambers , is " as warm , cheerful , and clean as those of the
main house . A female domestic attends regularly , to cook and clean for the inhabitants . Compare the prousion thus then for the domestic comforts of those who assist these small working proprietors of forty or fifty acres , with that made for the same class in Scotland , by ( he landlords who own courft ' ee , aud tbe farmers who bold on nineteen years' lease .
A Pill For Political Economists. In Retu...
farms of ^ ^ to 2 $ 6 ' ? mes , tombed by Mr Laikg , . most truly , in : the following sentcncG ' Itiafci gMy onaraeteristicpf Scotlandthat . within siebt of lis Parthenon * human < rete may be found « which whole families-father , mother , ard grown-up daughters and sens-aw lodged under one roof , w . thout other division into « r « toeBt 8 , for tto deewt senarationof the sexes , thanis made by the wooden d in the middle : withqu other floor
SsSpIaco to & Z ^ T *^*^ ' * ^ lined inside ; the roof , a mass of damp , rotten straw , aud decayed vegetable substances , supported bv a few sooty rafters ; thewindows , a single pane or two of glass , stuck in a hole in the thatch or the wall * the family provisions of meal , salt meat , herrings , milk , butter , all huddled together in the single room . ' ,
Truly the Norwegian rural labourers have reason to be thankful tbat their employers are not Political Economists , and are contented with their small holdings , little dreaming of the dense state of ignorance which tbey are in , and of the superiority of large farms , large estates , and the substitution of machines—driven by steam—for happy and willing labourers . This article has grown to such a length , that we
are compelled , perforce , to stop for the present . As the interna ! economy of . Norway presents , however , a complete practical answer and refutation of many of the fallacies of the opponents of tbe Land Scheme , we propose to resume the consideration of the subject in our next ; and shall afterwards present other examples of countries in which comfort is diffused in connection with a minute sub-division ef
the soil . Example is better than precept ; and we prefer infinitely to . meet the- declaration and arrogant assumptions of the Economists by facts , than to imitate them , in these respects .
A Pill For Political Economists. In Retu...
where nowsheep ' have usurped the place of mtv a : id dier are displacing the sheep . , We hope Her Majesty and the Prince have reflected on these things , . while they have been shooting ' deer instead of protecting men . We hope they have thought how many glad hearths were now dark and cold , and how many fond hearts were now beating faint in exile , or sickening in the Bastile , that those forests might wave , and the deer bound in those solitudes . We hope the pernicious effects of classleg islation were thus brought home to the " volatile young Prince of Wales , " ( as the courtly press has called him ;) and that her humane tutors bought this home also to the tender heart of the young
Princess Ro yal , when '* Her Majesty and the Prince recrossed the loch in a barge , and were much delighted on finding that , during their absencs the Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal had been furnished with fishing-rods by Mr Perdue , the Queen ' s fisherman , and that the Princess had . succeeded in capturing a trout in a rivulet which runs into the loch at Ardverikte . Alas ! we fear the royal thoughts may have been fixed on the mountain of stone adding to
Buckingham Palace , which is not large enough for the accommodation of me family . To be sure , that family happens to be a ROYAL one ! At the cost of vast treasure that structure is added to the old one . Indeed how p itiable the condition of Heo . Majesty must have been , how very little room she must have had , if we are to judge by the vast size of the addition I Meanwhile there are others not quite so well housed as Her Majesty , even before she bad the addition to her Palace ; as witness the report brought up at a meeting of the directors of the poor in St . Paucras ,, where
"Mr Pitt , the agent of the Board , brought up , and read a lengthened report as ta the over-crowded state of the workhouse , from which it appeared , that on theSth inst ., there were 1 , 530 inmates , for the accommodation of which number 43 911 feet o houseroom existed . In the first-floor , to accommodate 780 ocwona and G children , there were but 624 0 ^^ Rooms between the' new vestryrooms and boys school . SI beds to 73 persons . Infirmary ( men ' s side ) neds ii , persons 46 . Infirmary ( women ' s side ) beds 126 . persons 165 . Total , 170 bpds . and 211 persons . Boys' school , S 3 beds , and 165 persons . Girls school , 136 beds , and 206 persons . "
And . this almost within sig ht * of Her Majesty ' s Palace . Might one not regret that tbe money spent in that palace was not appropriated to buying land and cottages for those paupers ? As much employment would have been afforded to the mason and the carpenter , but with afar different effect . The same impulse would have been given to the trade—but with a far more beneficial tendency . Not foreign luxuries , but home comforts , would demand the hands ofthe artificer—and the sovereign would not have the pang to know that the ruin of thousands resulted from the building of that palace—nay , that the very men 1 who built : it , were languishing in the Bastile , while she was entertaining foreign
potentates . We do hot write this in disrespect to Her Majesty —we blame not her , but her advisers—her Whig Ministers . They may have enjoyed their release from their Parliamentary duties—they may have been delig hted with their rambles through their deer-forests , and over their moors ; while Whitfield , the old , blind , paralytic pauper of St Pancras , was not allowed to go and see . hii mother—wen .
when he said he could obtain a friend to guide him . That Government has a hireling Press , and a venal House to plead its cause before the great tribunal of public opinion ; that pauper is heard with scorn by the Board , brow-beat , disbelieved , though he appeals to the many witnesses he has to prove his assertions , and the bare word of the accused official taken against him . His mouth was stopped when he dared to speak—he was accused of telling a falsehood , as witness the following : —
" Whitfield : —I again repeat , that although a pauper , 1 have a character , I have not told a falsehood , which can be proved by tbe people in the ward , if they arecalleti . I think I have a right to speak when I find , ' as well as the other inmates , the roaster enforcing rules _ opposed to humanity . If you were to see the poor miserable creatures driven about as they arc here , no matter what their ages are , at 6 o ' clock in the morning—Tho Board refused to hear more and Whitfield was removed . "
The official was not accused of uttering a falsehood—be was not silenced—not removed ; while the witnesses the "pauper '" mentioned , were never heard . We will not here say , whose statement was correct—but let not the Board dignify this scene by the name of "INVESTIGATION . " The palace towers , the deer-forest flourishes , the exile dies , the Bastile is over-gorged , the tongue of the paralytic pauper is silenced : but the CHARTER spreads , the LAND is being won , the cottage rises , the TRADES flourish—a d no power of man can still the thunder of the people ' s voice , tbat cries : — OUR RIGHTS , AND NOTHING LESS 1 OUR RIGHTS , AND NOTHING MORE 1
A Pill For Political Economists. In Retu...
Alison , Cumbebledge , aud Co ., a smaller g in the South American ' trade , and this was followed by the failure of Sanderson and Co . ( extensive bill brokers ) , for a very large amount . Concurrents with these failures , the price of the public funfe has been on the decline during the week , and the difficulty-of obtaining money for the ordinary re . quirements of trade in the City has almost entiteW paralysed business . The only staple manufacture in the country which appears to be in a health y condition is the iron trade , which is said to be ia a state of great activity , and likely to continue so f $ r a long time to come .
The . fime * finds a solution for all the difficulties and disasters to which we have referred , h , \^ failure of the potato crop , and consequent scarcity of food , the Irish loan , the short supply 0 f cotton and the rapid extension of railways , and somewhat hopefully looks forwnrd to the cheap bread aud plentiful supplies , which may be anticipated as the result of the present bountiful harvest , to helu us
out of all our difficulties . But , allowing all that can be claimed on these , grounds ; and , admit ting that its anticipations may be temporaril y fulfill ^ the question recurs—are there no means of amending this monetary manufacturing and commercial system , which so often goes wrong , and inflicts wide-spread misery on . the tens of thousands of operatives , who are helplessly dependent upon it , and yet , at the same time , have not the sli ghtest
control oyer its movements : Per our own part , we hesitate not to say , that we look upon every extension of the present system as being calculated , in the end , only to plunge the nation into a gulph of ruin , from whence it will be all but impossible to extricate it . Every step for . ward is a step away f rom the direction in which true national prosperity is to be found . If we look abroad , it will be seen that all countries in which the same manufacturing and commercial system exists , are similarly affected with ourselves . The manufacturers of Rouen and Lyons are as badly situated as those of Manchester or Macclesfield , The fact suggests the inference , that it is neither to a short cotton , or potatoe crops , to Irish loans , or a
railway mama , that this disastrous state of things is primarily attributable , but that , it is owing to something inherent in the nature of tbe system itself . This inference is supported b y the fact , that similar stagnations have occurred without any concurrence of causes , such as-these which tbe Timet now alleges as palpatory or explanatory reasons . The truth appears to be , that the enormous gains realised by the modern manufacturing system , have blinded the great majority of persons to its radical imperfections as at present conducted , and led to its rapid expansion for the purpose of promoting
individual advantage , without any corresponding provision- for the public well-being . We do not now alluds to the moral , domestic aud physical evils , so notoriously endured by the factory operatiyes , but simply ( o the econeniieal effects of the manufacturing system on the nation at large . The frequent periodical recurrence of panics , which throw out of employment ihe operatives of a whole district , the longer continuance of each of these panics , when they do occur , and the consequent prostration and weakening of the national energ ies which ensue , are all facts pregnant with matter
for deep reflection . . Statesmen and legislators would do well to give the subject more consideration than they appear to have done hitherto , and to ask themselves whether , in reality , manufactures constitute a sound , judicious , or permanent foundation for national well-being . It appears to uy , that in making it so , we are inverting the order of nature . Food is the first want of humanity ; cloth , ing stands second on the list . Agriculture should therefore constitute the basis of natural industry , and absorb the largest portion of labour , ' capital and experience . Manufactures ought to occupy a secondary position . Since tbe introduction el
the modem manufacturing system , the tendency has been in the contrary direction . Capital , science , and enterprise , have been all attracted to manufactures in a preponderating degree ; and though we admit that agriculture has , during the same period , made great progress , it is nothing compared with ( he strids emade in the production of textile fabrics . But while we have been pursuing this course , other nations have been running a parallel race . Emulous of the fortunes , and extensive commerce of England , they have naturally sought io gain for themselves some of those advaniagesof which our writers and statists have so much boasted
as the results of our manufacturing enterprise and skill . The consequence is , that we now meet with rivals in almost every market , and that already many of those which we supplied at the commencement of the new era are entirely lost to us . Wages and profits have fallen in proportion as the competition became more iutenso , as the markets and the sellers increased , and the buyers diminished , until at Jengib the slightest turn ofthe balance is sufficient fo plunge the population ofthe districts , occupied in supplying these markets , into all the misery , dissatisfaction , and destitution , inseparable from the cessation of their accustomed means of support .
. The prospect for the future affords no hope of awy alteration for the better . The present cloud may pass away , and for a short season all the mills be set at wotk again , but the operation oi the same causes will inevitabl y soon bring us to another dead-lock . It is time , therefore , tbat this vital question—which affects so deeply and so generally all classes ofthe population—were receivin g that attention which its paramount importance demands .
It is time that we should inquire , whether the wonderful and gigantic powers of modern science and mechanism , are to be rationall y applied to the nr motion and diffusion of general comfort , intelligence , and prosperity , or continue as , at present , to be insanely used for the demoralisation and pauperisation of the working class ; to be the cause of bankruptcy among the trading classes ; and the source of constant uneasiness to the Government and the Legislature .
The Palace And The Bastile. The Strange ...
THE PALACE AND THE BASTILE . The strange inconsistencies in the relative posi . tion of the wealthy and the working population , are becoming daily moro apparent . " Murder will out , " and thus a . knowledge of the sectional ill-treatment of the poor , is fast spreading among the general body . For . a longtime the fastidious rich ignored the condition of those beneath them ; their delicate nerves must not he . shocked by the sight or sound of
misery ; and thus they dwelt apart in a world of their own . The voice of complaining , however , reaches their ears at last ; but the special subexecutive of the laws distort facts , and prejudice the humble plaintiff . The sufferer has to speak through a notorial speaking-tube , or to entrust a petition to officia 1 hands ; and those among the great and privileged , who have a more tender conscience than the rest , lay the flattering unction to their souls , that misery is the fruit cf idleness and dissipation , or
—*— " A cunning trade By which the rogues do thrive . *' By and by , their eyes are opened , and then their mock philanthrophy fleets to the winds , since they see their own splendours have caused the wretchedness of their fellows . Those splendours have become a second habit—and . then follows the long struggle to maintain them ; then succeed the laws made hy the rich to rule the poor ; then results the administration of those laws by the rich over the poor '< then comes the payment of the rich officia ! by the
poor ; and then , hedged in by the vast machinery brought in support of this system of legislation , those splendours , which aristocracy was wont to shroud within the stately seclusion of hi gh walls and portals , grow more public and more apparent , as the wealthy orders , relying lesson that respect and veneration they have forfeited , throw themselves on the armed power they have created , and which they are increasing daily . Thus we find the veil removed more and more from before tbe expensive habits of the two aristocracies of land and money . The
houses , which used to conceal internal magnificence behind external gloom , are now becoming showy and costly in exterior decorations j Corinthian fronts , Moorish farjades , Elizahetliian structures , vie with each other—while the luxuries of furniture , losing the massive cast of baronial times , degenerate into the effeminate costliness of Sybaris ; the grand pomp of the past , is sinking into frivolous inanity ; and where formerly envy or hatred were engendered , the people are beginning to feel contempt and anger . This is further increased by the
loose tone o morality pervading the upper classes , and specially in France , where public and private degravity is digging the grave of corrupt and worthless institutions . Furthermore , we find illustrated , its a sure concomitant of shameless effrontery —( we can ball waste and splendour , amid a starving population , by no term less harsh)—that the sinews of power are being braced and strengthened . A few years ago a new Police force was established , good in some points , but placing a powerful agent in the bands of Government . Shortly afterwards a
detective force was added to this . Then unwonted encouragement was given to the army . "Good conduct stripes , " and "Good conduct pay , " were bestowed , to keep up an emulative spirit , and supply food to the petty ambition of the soldier j admission to public gardens from which they had previously been excluded ; then medals were distributed and badges given in memory of sundry " great fights , " in rivalry of that " crowning carnage , Waterloo ;"—presentations of colours , and banquets are lavished to keep up the " feeling ofthe soldier "—till his enthusiasm is so roused tbat he
e mulates the beast of draught , and degrades his manhood by harnessing himself to the carriage of some man who had the " glory '' of ordering him and his fellows to play the murderer to the sound of music . Thus , and by every possible means , a distinctive feeling is kept up between tho army and the bulk of the people—that people whose mightily expressed public opinion those very soldiers may have to thank that the lash has not torn their hacks , and that the murder at the triangle is not added to the " murder in the field . " But the disease
administers its own corrective-the evil has but to be known to be remedied-not by the Legislative , nor by the Executive-hut by the People . The apparent apathy of the people was not to be attributed to a want of feeling , or real energy , but to a want of knowledge of their own general position . The local grievance may engender a feeling of discontent , but the universal misery preaches the general crusade against oppression , since it forms the great union of a fellow-feeling among the oppressed , and that union'is ' strength .
Meanwhile the palaces are rising , and the sentries are pacing around them ; the revelries are proceeding , and the police throng the steps of the mansions lest the gazing poor should feel too hungry ; the sportsmen are bagging their game , where they Vistie pulled down villages and sent their inhabitants ] io the Bastile that they might form deer forests , where once cottages stood and corn fields waved ! Her Majesty may still see the ruins of those homes in the neighbourhood of Atdverkie—they once
rose in the Breadalbane deer forest of 69 miles b y 40—they may be seen by Fort William , where Lord Abixqer has swept away the cultivation encouraged by his predecessor—they may be seen in the Isle of Rum , whence Lord Salisbury has banished men to shelter deer-they may be seen in Iona , whence the Duke of Argylb has exiled a major part of the population ; families as old as his own , and with an honest ancestry more noble by far ! They may be seen around Ardtornish , where the Lords of the Isles onfti rallied ttojr vast and . well-fed vassalage—
State Of Trade.—Future Prospects. The Pr...
STATE OF TRADE . —FUTURE PROSPECTS . The proposition for an entire cessation of workin the manufacturing districts , to which we recentl y called attention , has been rejected by the masters . The Mill-owners' Association , at a meeting held this week in Manchester , resolved , it is said unanimously , that such a measure was not only
impracticable , bat in the higbest degree undesirable , and likely only to lead to very severe privations ' among the factory operatives . The rejection of this plan will not , however , prevent the operatives from enduring " very severe privations . " The markets wear as gloomy an aspect as it is possible to conccive—the state of trade is deplorable—and the Song-continued stagnation of business has resulted in a pretty general attempt of the manufacturers to reduce wages . The Miliowners of Stockport ,
Ashton , and Mossley have , it is stated , given notice of a positive reduction of prices ; and the movement threatens to become general in the district , The operatives , on the other hand , aware from past experience that however easy it may be , under the pressure of ' bad time * , " to bring wages down , it is always a most difficult task to rais * them again , no matter how brisk the markets may be , are stated to have met in several places aud come to the resolution of resisting the reduction , and to prefer standing idle for a time .
The state of affairs in the mercantile is no better than in the manufacturing world . Several verv arge failures have taken place this weefc . The houseofGowER , Nephews , and Co ., largely and extensively engaged as General Merchants , and having transactions iu nearl y every part of the globe , have failed for an amount which is variously stated from 4 s 800 , 000 . to a million sterling . The responsibilities on bills alone are alleged to amount to £ 600 , 000 . The house appears to have been kept for some time on its legs in consequence of one of the partners being a Director of the Bank of Eng .
Itm-i . The recent bankruptcy of the Governor of that Incorporation , in connexion with the previous failure of oilier parties holding the same position , has caused general uneasiness among the mercantile classes . It is said that Gower and Co ., could not possibly have kept up such a degree of credit as they did , but from the circumstance of their being connected with the direction of the . Bank , and that this has , consequently , aided in causing the wide and crushing consequences which must , now he sustained . The fall of Cowers , Nephews and Co ., brought do n , immediately oftervtftrds .
Errattjm. —In The Closing Paragraim Of T...
Errattjm . —In the closing paragraim of the first eaderlast week , a ludicrous error appears , "tint by union the increased knowled ge arising from iacreased expenses , " for " expenses" read experience-
®*3™*Cv* * ®0lttsb0luml!*»
®* 3 ™* CV * * ® 0 lTtSB 0 lUMl !*»
V„ A.F. , T Miscellaneous. Hovfe Mi ° L ...
V „ A . f . , t MISCELLANEOUS . Hovfe mi ° l n ^ ftf C S tTIVAT 1 ^ .-Jo hn Hilton , of r S ™ , i Si Barnsl , ! y' ' * e s as follows :-^ rTn , ? i , nv „ r i , T , v < ir ' Ihtt « «« dthe A & rtfcr » r Wo « ,. , . ° / U loived yom' Plun respecting potatoes . I * S ft f « r set . c , aud Jni , litU plot ot Era « Si ? >? ? P tcks of potatoes to tweW ,, S = , ° ^ laud .-ench peck weighing twefliy ™ ^ lf » tho Potato * , « or «« % ! " ? quality hre such tlint my neighbours ore giving n > t »» laid dmv a" oll ( mlu & the client plan y « u have T . B . B . -A Chartist member of tho Land Company . and resident
a of Jersey for twenty years , sends us u letter commenting on a letter by T . 11 . R „ on Jersey . attuirs , which appeared in this paper ofthe l ? Sih » . August . As we hare already given one commuukaiioH TJ « ? y l'out ! li » ing similar statements to these sot te-rtli in the communication before us . it is w neowsary to give T . B . B . 's letter . We may state . however tfc .-, t T . B . B . considers the whole of «»» reforms' assailed by 1 VB .. It . nccessur * and ealrulaK * i % » . *« ¦?« * ' :. ca » s ° "f real 'progress'in Jersey . . „ publiMHon . , S ' ~ T 1 , 0 lines we > iot exactly fitted h * NoTTWQHAa Emotion FuND . -J . Sweet , acbiiowttlgcs therccemtot the foliowimrsum . with thinks .-rAi MOli '
unaer-ii > tic , pcr Mr Pilling , £ i BinHivouAM-Charlcs Goodwin acknowledges therccdl ;* of 5 s , fortho Land Company , from J . S . G . C , Edinburgh . G . WEiMEK .-A < ldress to the Literary and Scientist Institute , Jehn-street , Tottenhuuveourt-road , Loudtf « . GtASGOw .-Aaron llenttey , Stockport wishes to k » ° the address t > f Duncan Sherrington a Gassmi EtEcnos FoNii . -JuImn ilanwy has reecW * and paid over to the committee , the following »» ' * ( with other sums previously announced ); L . nnvH . v , 1 » G . Jcnk us , l « s ; Brechin , A . Campbell , Is ; KiwaWJ ' J . Lossels , 12 s 10 d . ,. Tne widow ofthewtk W . Donsosv-Mr Ernes : Jo '; . has received ten shillings , per Mrs Macduff , «' nlr ! . ^ 1 by her and a ftiW b 0 r the females . f VTei >!« $ for the widow of tho late AY . Dudson , and liasua ' " the sum to the dlrostow of iho Land Coibj'W ) » her use ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 18, 1847, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_18091847/page/4/
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