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TO THE. WQfiKING CLASSES
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•Mr FjiiES»s,-T-For the last fortnight a...
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i- ^** 1 * Moax.—Tuesday night' s Gazett...
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THE LATE CHARTIST CONVENTION. TO THB EDI...
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etyat-tfei inteUtgittw*
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NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION, Offices 14...
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• MAKCHESTEn.—>A special meeting of memb...
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ExHiBiiioit of 1851.—Her Majesty's Commi...
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THE' MEMBERS OF THE MANCHESTER CHARTIST ...
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Extensive Hobbeet at Bbistoi, and Captur...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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To The. Wqfiking Classes
TO THE . WQfiKING CLASSES
•Mr Fjiies»S,-T-For The Last Fortnight A...
• Mr FjiiES » s ,-T-For the last fortnight and \ L i have been very ill indeed . I have not En able to go out of my houseaneeMonday ^ fclast , exceptonenight , otherwise I should Tre answered the many invitations rh ^ had * L the Potteries , and other parts ofciEng-TuhJ to attend meetings wMchthey ^ tOTHJ iokhV . As 1 am ntw get # fg >^ tt ^ Tbeg fo reply to all those appMcants , that when I am aWe I will make a tour of the country . jly fHends , notwithstanding that the men who represented yon at the Conference per
formed their duty well , yod see thatiny predicfrm has been verified—that it has not had the gjiahteat effect npon the € rovernment . - Kot'i sing le Daily Paper reported onevordofjhe proceedings ; whereas , if it had beeda Cottference called by thearistocracy , thelaiaordBi the manufacturers , bankers , merchants ^ stockbrokers , shopkeepers , or parsons / you would Iiare had ereiy word of the proceedings rej ported m every Daily Paper . ¦ There arenol ten Members of Parliament who tneV thai the Conference was Bitting ; whereas , as I'toM ya % if the Conference had set just when Par Iiatnent assembled , then it would havelbadVa
powerful effect upon . the Governmental mind :-i £ y friefldsi iet'ine remindyou that yotf ^ il only see one niore'N 6 rt / iern ^ Star < lwoTB ihi Exhibition takes place j and lot n » e agaaajin ploreof ybu ' tfot te be led into a physical je ' yo jation by any party , ' arid thus ¦ ¦ sacrificeyoui liberty / your wives , and your ' . clu ^ dreni : aui perhaps yoor lives . I have teldyoaa ^^ oosant times , that when therais a reyolatloo fh & Jas ) shot fired constitufes the yicforV trophy -whereas a mental revolution would lead tojtfc elevafionof your order . ; , ; ' * .- ^ .. .-. ' -. ' . I ) '¦ : ] ' ^ Parliament hj . prbrpgued ^^ ^ f this montK ; : 'VTonr ^ p 6 lice force ' . is to . be ' in j ereascd ~ your militia is cajMout , ' anjLisjipjj
being QnUeOr ^ onr ipecial constables will be increased—and to show- you that your army is to he increased , let me suppl y you with the following announcement extracted from the ITmerof Thursday last . Here it is , and read it cautiously ;— ; . CbscEcrtMioK of Tbook w . tso Xmbso Iosdos . — fotnftlistandiiig the pretended authoritative contradiction tliat was given in some quarters to the statement made aboatfive weeks ago . that an additional resinient of csrafry vmOi be . added to the garrison at Woolnictl during the tinse the EihtWrion in Hyde Park , was open , that feet is now established beyond doubt , as the 17 th Lancers will arrite at Woolwich on the 29 th and 30 th of
the present April and the let of Hay from Dublin . The regiment is about three hundred and sixty strong , and is foinposvd of six troops , and will march from liverpool tr > Vjfooluich in detachments of two troops , ' arriving tore on the three successive days aforementioned . The tro .. p of Kojal Horse Artillery at present inthe Westsgasre is iardered to more to tbe East-square , and three troops will occupy the space previously used for two tro-ps . Tlie sergeants of the Royal Marines of the Woolnidi ilirwon , not company sergeants , have been directed tol <** out for accommodation cnt of barraeks , as their r . r « cnt qaarters will te required for other troops . It is i : illtil ( ccu-d , aswasorisinall . T stated , that the Hiflellrip Jen-ill occupy a part of the lloyal Marine barracks ;
anil as there would not be Buffirinvt room for the whole , i . 'l ) of the Rifles will be stationed at the Tower of London . At all events preparations arenuAdn-j at the Tower for the accommodation of additional troops . Eighteen additional fcntries have been ordered to do duty at thB Boyfll Arsenal at Yi ' ooMch , rthich nil } require fifcy-ftiur additional gunners ef the Rojal Artillery to be detached daily from the barracks for the protection of the Arsenal . Comos-Jidiiig officers have also been informed that it will be seceesary to rtstrict the leave of absence usually granted to the mem of the Rojal Artillery to two men for each cmsion ; , and that leave be only granted to them on Saturday or Sunday evaningi , and then only to eleven o ' clock at jusat
3 faw , when youread the above you will cometo the conclusion , that if the troops are removed from Ireland , you will have a revolution there based upon the Papal Question ; and remember what has been often stated , that" Ireland is England ' s greatest difficulty . " My friends , when I was eictittbed on "Wednesday last , a very eloquent young man ( Mr . Ikow . v ) and a great advocate and supporter of the Foreign Refugees now in London , waited
npon me , and wished that I would attend a meeting of those brave and exiled patriots , in order to prove that they did not coincide with tbe opinions which I extracted last week in the Mrthern Star from the Times , which was signed by a number of Befngees . But let ine again tell yon , that however my Land Plan may be abused , that I would not give you twopence for tbe Charter to-morrow , if I did not loot to the Charter as the means of
locating the surplus population npon the Land ; as yon may be sure that no other system would relieve you from the oppression of your employers , who actually base their wealth and power npon your poverty and disunion ; and , as I have told yeu a thousand times , I do not blame them , but I blame yourselves . 2 ? ow , my friends , as reflection is a good thing , and as the man whoruns headlong , and without consideration , into any movement , generally becomes a sacrifice to the delusion of others , and his own folly , will you let me implore of yon not to be led away by the folly of others when the Exhibition takes place ? I do not know that I ever stated to you before the result of my interview with poor Cdieiv after he was sentenced to transportation . In 3835 , BussEr and others tried to create a
revelation without my Knowledge ; and in . the year 18 ^ 8 , when the Conference was sitting in Loudon , an attempt was also made to create a revolution , of which I -was to know nothing . When" Cotfay was sentenced to transportation I went to see him in gaol . I naid , « AH , MY POOR FELLOW . " He replied , 'G-BD SIT , BO SOT CALL ME 1 ' OUIt POOR FELLOW , YOU WERE SOT TO HATE KNOWN ANYTHING TEAT WE WERE TO DO . BUT SOW I'LL SEVER HAVE AST COXFIDESCE IS ASI LEADER BUT YOU , AS THEY DECEIVED US . "
2 fow , working men , I have defended youall with my own money when y on have been tried , and I have supported the wives and families of many incarcerated victims ; and the poor gentlemen—who -were too proud to work , and too poor to live without labourto whom I paid the largest amount , over £ 100 , many became my bitterest enemies and revilers . But notwithstanding all this , I have never deserted the cause to which I have devoted my time and my money , and for supporting which I have been abandoned by frien ds and relatives . But let me tell you now this fact—that if I was offered ten millions of
money to-morrow to create a bloody revolution in this country , with the option of living upon a humble meal a day , I -would prefer the latter , as I abominate cruelty . And besides , if yoor minds were united for amonth , yon need not shed a drop of blood , and yon would be the happiest Kingdom in the world , as then you would not have idle land , idle labour , and idle money . I suppose yon read the speech of Lord John
ifrssEti , delivered at the Lobd Mayor ' s dinner last week , -when he tried to show the power of the special constables in 1848 , and that they would have a similar effect npon ftrei gnersin 1851 . I do not suppose that if you lived till you were one hundred years of age that yon would ever meet with amanwho " ** suftered the same oppression , and who has had to contend against the amount of antagonism that I have , and who has never abandoned hispolicy .
Now , nry friends , in conclusioB , let me beg ° f you , let me implore of you , and let me entreat of you , not to be led away by poor gentlemen , bnt rest upon your oars until tho time <» mes , and that is notfar'distant , ' whenthe development of your power will destroy that * f your oppressors , and-when the voice of knowled ge vrill ailence the-cannon ' s roar .
I remain , Tour FaifiifMandinncn'Abnsed Friend : and Advocate , Peabgus O'Conhob
I- ^** 1 * Moax.—Tuesday Night' S Gazett...
i- ^** * Moax . —Tuesday night ' s Gazette gives Bin « ce to the late oEcers and crew of her Majesty ' s J ™ vessel Cyclops , the Hon . George Fowler t ^ nngs , Captain , that an account of bounties , Cm "jewed for the radermentioned captures , will tw . th depoated in the Registry of the High 2 « the Admiralty , v ' ir .: Bom Buccesso , capi loTS . th Becemhw , 1 & 8 ; Esperonca , captured « th J ay . 18 i 9 .-Burnett and Wynne , Agents . „
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As We Desire To Tjlve Full Ana' .Free ' ...
As we desire to tjLve full ana ' . free ' . utterancB to the Den % ; ' crade mind of the country , - articles under tnfcheAfL ^ te . ' inserted without reference to the particular opitiiona ei-... pressed-by the writer . Bnt the EditorU riot fdjolwld i : responsible tor their opinions . ] - ; ;; . ' ^' ' ' ;\ , ' * - '; . ' ££ , t ?~!! ^ MiKCKAO'HiiffGi ^ d ^ wn , ;! 56 j ;> . ' BBZJ ^ AU , * F .: BBRTR ^ ND , - % ? jiUVr •;; telet , c . belescluze ,, - DiBbf ? ' -DBri r J » ONT , TEEMOND , DIPERZOO , ' THEODORE , . KARCHER ,. LAXGERQN ; rLEDRU ' RGLfclN ; , JilOXKE , LABAT , DARCA 2 QJIT 2 , & VMARP ,
XTdADAN , E . FEBVRE , E . M ^ DE'teOST . JAU , JE . ; GUSTAVE- SA'Q'fjET ^ 'F : PaRDI gox , petit-jean ; G . 'PHIliES &^ a ' Qps ; SIER , BIBEYROLLA ., A : SIC aTEalL " : BJJL REAIT , L . VlLLAte , G 0 GTJIS , f A 1 SD-ISC 1 DENTALLY TO . ; TflErHCHARTISTS * OE ^ NGLAKD . ' < i . : ¦ ¦ - . ¦ > ¦; **<¦ » * «•* :
Qesibemen ' A 5 i >; BsdT ^\ CecABirsrs . — The Chartists of England p tio ino »; me , and * jr--whom'Irefer those bHj 0 | $ efa ^ 3 lwlio . dP jofttknbw ' me , ml £ llumsure ^ do tte tne jusjBce Jo beHeveithat -abactordeed ^ calculated to tneafcen (> r i « IM- ^ . pr ^ e «; orVlkttj ^^ arid ; holy . causei ' « f : J 3 emocn ^?^ bidd ^^?|[ ipe pa ^ Tbeyohd m ^^ wers ' : of ^|^ Rl |^ vf ^^ ^^ fflM ^ e , „ g ^ 0 ine ^ p 8 i ^ t ;^ ve ^ d with , no ordinary feelings of anxiety , land , I
may add panv Mr . t ) 'Connor ' s letter in the Northern Star of the 5 th inst , I knew right well that its purport ' and object would be mis taken and misconstrued , and distorted by many . That letter should not have been written at all . It was ambiguous , and liable ' to misinterpretation . Private enemies could take , and , I have no doubt did take , advantage of its ambiguity ; distorted its meaning , and led those illustrious foreign patriots to imagine that it pointed at them .
My friends , this is a mistake , a greivous , but not an irreparable mistake , lujr . O'Connor ' s letter , as I understood it , was written with the view of putting all patriots on their guard against such men as the Powells , the Dobbins , and the like . Who instituted the Assassination Club in 1848 , ? Powell , the spy Who instituted the Red Hand Club in Dublin , in 13481 Dobbin , the spy ! Will the Chartists say that there are no Powells in England nowj no Popays , no Eichmonds , no Castles , no Olivers 1 Will the fraternal Democrats , the Refugees of all nations , say
! that there are none of their respective countrymen , even now , in England , who would traffic in their blood for money ? And even suppose there are not , will none come over to England , drilled , trained , and fully prepared to stimulate , urge on , betray , and aeU their dupes and Victims ? It was to guard you in good time against such characters , ' that my friend , my henesl , npright , true-hearted friend , wrote the . warning on the 5 th inst , which has given so much offence , and of which some hollowhearted , white-livered , English Knave has taken advantage .
Permit rae to ask you , Gentlemen , upon whose , or upon what authority do you assert , with so much flippancy and confidence , that Feargus O'Connor is a false Democrat ? Perhaps your notions of Democracy differ very much from either his or mine . JTow I am a thorough Democrat , yetl am convinced that such a thing as social equality never did exist , nevercan exist , until such time as mankind are all one height , all of equal strength of body and mental capacity . I have been called an aristocract—a false "democrat—because I would not swallow these absurd doctrines . ;
Who is Feargus O'Connor ? He is the lineal descendant of one of the most ancient Monarchies in Europe . His forefathers were democrats , and sacrificed liberty and fortune to their love of democracy . Feargus O'Connor sacrificed family connexions , friends , fortune , and an honourable profession , at which he was realising a fortune , in the hope of raising the fallen condition of the democracy . ; , and now , because a few ungrateful knaves , and their dupes , turn and sting ; and
calumniate their benefactor , in the hope of ob ? taming a little ephemeral popularity , or , what is worse , recommending themselves by such wicked means to the enemies of Feargus O'Connor and rational democracy- The man must be but a very superficial observer of passing events , who cannot discover in the address of the French Refugees to the English people , the style of those who have not . had the courage to make the attack themselves . " Cursed be such knaves ,
Who like a deadly blight , Come o ' er the councils of the brave , • And blast them in their hour of might . Surely a man may be an honest Democrat , without being either a Socialist or a Republican . I am neither , yet I know I am as true and as sincere a democrat as ever-existed Feargus O'Connor is an Irishman ; so am 1 . He is of the pure line of the O'Connor , Bangs of Ireland . I am merely the lineal descendant of an ancient race of Irish Chieftians . He knows—and so do I—that the love
and respect of the Irish people for the ancient race—or , as they call it , " THE OLD STOCK "—is boundless ; and , therefore , so long as this feeling—whether right or wrong —exists , the Irish people will not . he republi cans . Political equality and social rights are , ^ questionably , compatible with a limited Monarchy like that of England ; but , suppose that y on are of a different opinion—that yon believe them to be incompatible—that they cannot co-exist—does it follow , as a necessary
consequence , that yon are a traitor ? Most certainly not . With what show of justice then , or common sense , can you charge Feargus O'Connor with being a false democrat ^ because he believes—without doubt or hesitation—that the enactment of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER would be preferable to a Republic ? The system of denouncing men for entertaining opinions different from those which you hold , is odious Sand tyrannical .
Bear in mind that I am not justifying Mr-O'Connor ' s letter . Ho does not do so himself . But he has always said , publicly and privately , that notwithstanding his . persecution and suffering for the people , whose cause be espoused , and the base ingratitude of some of them , especially those who lived on him , that he would take up arms and fight against any nation on earth that should dare to invade England . ; . "" . ' . " . " '• -. ' - ' , '' . ' . ' . '' /' . ' . •'
Now , suppose his Holiness the Pope , aided by France , Austria , Spain , Naples , and Sardinia , invaded England , ' for the purpose of cramming Catholicism , ( which I believe to be true , mind ) down tile throats of the Protestants of England , against their conscientious convictions , at the point of the bayonet , and , in addition , exefsmmunicate all Catholics who would not join him , I ( Patrick # 'HigginB ) do swear before high Heaven ,, though a Roman
Catholic , that I would not only fight against the Pope ; should he set a hostile foot on . British soil , but I should shoot him with as . Kttle scrapie of conscience as I would shoot a cock grouse on the 20 th of Angnst . ^ Am I : to be denounced as a false Catholic because I . wquld leave conscience free ? "By the . fist of , my father 1 am ashamed bfyou" gentlemen ; your charge of ' - ' -false democrat" against Feargus O'Connoris too absurd to require further re-
As We Desire To Tjlve Full Ana' .Free ' ...
futation . Your'l pgic hpon thepresent qccia sion reminds me very vividly of-that employed hytjSflttate Daniel 0 'Connellin : 6 rd , er ^ p fpy « that / Mr ^ . jW . Orawfbid was an ^" rahgemanj ^ tely ^ Vecause . " Mr , " Crawford /^ an ^ bpnjesi ProfestanV was for ; 'the'total ; abolition , of tith ) s in li'elahd , ^ while ' Mf ? . $ Cbhne ' ll ^ . a . ' , Cathqli ^ : was for a ; compromise , for- , recogto ' sjiig ] vested rights , i . & c ;; . j ^ il ^ c ^ . f ^^^ if ^^ i ^ 'f-Mfl Sharman- Crawford i abuses- 'inejr 't ^ e- ;' . Orangemen of ireland ' a ^ n ^ m ' e , ; alaa ]| Uh ^ efp . re , ' ; Mr , ; Sfiaraanv ^ an « 0 fin | 'eman g . jf ( Hear , hear)—cried "; th ^ . ; slaves ; : ^ phah ^ s . ^^/ . '* ii : . 7 ;; : >'¦ : ¦ ^¦• ^ ;! v ^ " ' ;" "" ;' r , ! l ^ oa Tgnis O'Connor is ; not- ' a -Republicah , and } ergo , he . must . be ' ; . a ; ^ ;& lw ^ mocrati 3 ThisJ i ' s sophistry withVa . vengeaflce . ''; It . is not iii ¦ your \ pqwer ^ or , the pbxv ; pr . . , ' ^ f ' any iijan orriumber /^ bf jmenj ' tp'dainage the character
bflFear ' gus O'Connor . - ;^ : He - may ,, ioakei !'; im § - ; takes . " ' p . ^ , ' r ^^ if ^ % 'i ^^\ i ^^ : ^ iSri Wm openly » .: ' and )! -t : m anyof ; you we > er everfjrejstrd M ;; and ! l " am ^^^^^^^ te j ||^^ gfe ^ ^ k ^^^^^ h ^ miimmmmi ^^ m ^^ m ^ m ^^ - ' ^^ w oansehe isinfeolhfeptiMe that he' * has been
assailed so violently by those who are under pecuniary obligations to him . Ingratitude is the basest of crimes . . Now , ye Chartists of England , I am at issue with Feargus O'Connor upon one great point , —and that is ,, as to what you are to do , what it is your interest to do during the period of the world ' s Exhibition , the Crystal Palace , and so forth ? With respect to those matters .
my opinion is , tbattheExhibitibhi the Palace , and the whole affair , originated in the purest intentions , and the kindliest and . -best feelings towards the whole human family—that . free trade , in its widest sense , a friendly intercourse and a reciprocity of interests with . all the nations of the earth , was the predominant idea , arid is the object of the author of ithis novel and magnificent project . Nevertheless , Ido most firmly believe , that in the event ,
if my POLITICAL BRETHREN , THE REAL CHARTISTS OF ENGLAND , avail themselves promptl y ^ of the advantagea this great Exhibition affords , they shall have done more for the advancement of the People ' s Charter in one week , thanit will be'in their power to do during the ensuing seven years . ' What I advise is—make , arrangements , withbut ' a moment ' s delay , to hold the greatest ,
the most powerful Chartist demonstration that ever was held in England , on the leCOIld day of the Exhibition , and as near as possible to the Crystal Palace itself . Have an officer , ; with a white wand , appointed over every nine men , to preserve order and decorum . Take a motto from the greatest enemy ever the working classes had , and let it be printed on white banners;— " He who commits a crime gives strength to the enemy . " ..........
Show your strength , . your physical power 5 be sober , cool , quiet , steady , and determined . Discuss the Charter , point by point , in the hearing of foreign nations j adopt a petition to the People ' s House of Parliament : do this peaceably , quietly ; firmly , ; and the . world will respect you . Bring forward your best menthe Jones , the Staliwoods , the Reynolds , the G-rassbys , the -Harrieysi , ' the Dbyles , the
M'Graths , the Clarices , the Wests , the Leachs , the O'Donovans , ¦ the Clancys , the Lovetts , the Mantles , the Burrells , the Moirs , the M'Carthys , the M'Donalds . -the Sollys , the Parrys , the Kydds , the Murrays , the Sweets , the Ruffys , the Coopers , the Scholfields , and all the ' ' old and young guards . " But beware of the Popays , the Powells , and the like . Let good men and true be armed with authority to introduce . all evil doers to the civil
power . . Yon haveamplb time to do all . tbs , ana more if necessary . v ,. Take the ground for the meeting , and a few hundred well posted placards will do . the rest . , . - ¦ .. ' . ¦ : ' : Bear in mind how Mr . John Fielden ' s placard carried the Reform Bill . " To stop the Duke' ' go Mfor . gold . " . : To carry the People ' s Charter , meet in London , Manchester , Glasgow , on the same day , and at the same hour . .
Now , gentlemeh Refugees , I hope I have proved that you have wronged Feargus O'Connor , and that I do hot approve of the letter to which you have taken exception . -. ¦' -.. Patrick O'Higgins . Dabhn , April 14 , 1851 ..
The Late Chartist Convention. To Thb Edi...
THE LATE CHARTIST CONVENTION . TO THB EDITOB OF TBB NORTHERN STAB , Sib , —I am much pleased that the Chartist Convention has taken . up so warmly the question of Social Reform . Having been some years connected with the Chartist movement , I have often been surprised at-the number of persons " who during times of excitement joined our ranks , but joined only to be lost again ; I believe this has resulted from the non-possession of Social : advantages . I also found that other localities were in the same condition , and while . others wondered at these untoward results , I often endeavoured to discover ihe cause of such discouraging failures . The result of my investigation is the subject of this letter --- ' -- . ¦ -:
. I conceive that the want of success on the part of Chartism , on the people ' s side , has been the following : — 1 st . —That the majority of the poor are too ignorant of the benefits the Charter , would confer on them ,. ' ' ' „ ¦ 2 nd . —That the workers are generally too poor to give their subscriptions to the Chartist agitation . 3 rd . —That the oppression of masters and capitalists prevents them from joining the ranks Of Chartism . •' ¦ ¦ '• . - ' ¦ . "¦ " ;
. Hence to secure to the people political freedom , we must make them wise respecting their political degradation . Secondly . ^ we must endeavour to place them in a condition where ' they will be pecuuially benefited , and relieved from the power of the money-lord , whose interest it is to keep them from gaining their political rights . . ¦ - ¦ Full political knowledge has never . yet i bSBD given to the mass of our agricultural labourers , Eenco we have but few thriving localities except jn large towns ; arid ia England we have about a million of men-employed in agriculture , who may he said to be totally ignorant of politics ; "We have also'near a million and a quarter of persons in . domestic service and :, others : amounting in the
, aggregate to about three , millions of persons , who may be said to be greatly in want : of political knowledge . In addition to these wehave an army , ofuow « ds \> fl < W ;( W ^ who ' areal « o'de 8 tituteofpolk tical knowledge . vWemust add ^ to these ; men who are employed in trades , ' who do . nqtmix f iththe political parties of the day ; some who ; continually spend their time in pbt-houses , working f « r tjrwvhicsl masters , who dare not fsay anything , ahouj political changes , or' they would he immediately thrust from employment .. Two hundred , thousand of these in cotton factories , we . have ' statistics of , aiuL we have been told by Mr . Gray . the delegate
for Korth Lancashire , in the Convention , tJ » fctner * were hundreds of < hand-loom' weavers who were toiling night and day for 5 » . per week ,, and in consequence of the inefficiency ^ . of that sum to procure the common necessaries of life , the meu ^ were deprived of all . time for improving their political knowledge , or organising their localities ; for . a determined resistance ' to political oppression . Look againat the sweaters of Messrs ., Moses / Hyam . and other BloJMseUers , '—the victims to incessant toil , —' what time have , they for ; gaining' political knowledge , when sixteen , hours a : day ,-Sandays not e & cepted , ia insufficient to well feted and . clothe them ? How can these support an agitation , " which has to contend aeainst the united capital , ' leisure ^ - and
The Late Chartist Convention. To Thb Edi...
SShc j M ' . tt ° neyholders , Statesmen , and ilM ^ ! ^ 6 toil . er mily overcome the adversary is tvvK alate capita ! t 0 contcnd with the capital : OWKp Adversary , and ' to ' make the ignorant force * tM 1 - capUa 1 ' politicallj and socially wise . isBl X now P oliti ° a ] . ) y and socially ignorant , KOOTfie no means have been taken to make it wise ; » Wl . w * en . ithe ; toiler ; - -baffled- 'in political '' reforms , frpRatedin social ameliorations , starved till star-T & W " i an i- 8 b ° ™ e no longer , becomes seditious ^ evolutionary , ' then is seen the anomaly of tKe r ? sH « 5 ' J anged int fighting array against his brother ^^ j' ?? - -i i s •'¦ tno ' ' willing murderer . Wmpre-| ^* P' 8 hrother ' js grievance . He aids tVe capitalist anAOppreseorm . hisJtyianny beCfi « s 6 ' he has not hflfflSttftUgnt the sobial and political degradation of »"^| other . ; . Broth er Chartists ; we . mdstehlighten . t ^ g ^ oofs of worn ; but ' politicaT and social orew »; show him his true position ; and his political a power , - and vfoimustgivehim knowledge ^ ihe ^ may distinguish' who is really the aggressor . Then W > 11 the roaring cannonade lie silenced by the PW . J ? heart , sooner than it could be bymillioDs < # 3 P ganised ; workers contehdin ' g ' against isnovani bate , force . : * , ¦ ¦ .. n < -: ' ji-. i- ' . i .- ¦•• ¦ - / ¦ _ ;; , ' ¦ Jfhus much will intelligence e'ffe ' ctfo ' r us , and . mgl » -than this ; fpr i ^ will : givo ' us"lhe other weaponi ofj ^ fare , capital , and 11 here humbly'take ^ upbn ; nS ' Jtelf-tho .: task , of . congratulating the Convention !
> ujBffiW £ iat they have done m . this matter ;' and to tfefnTEftufc ' a- few . facts to ' them'and ' my brother CbarWts which I havfrgained by actual experience . : ' Tho '; , effort 8 . of modern co-operators have' esta- ; Wished pnd fact , wlijch is , that working men , in their Labour Associations , can employ theiiDBelves in . their respective trades without the . assistance' of money-mongers or masters , and thus employ the profits of their tradesi to improve their own conditions . Th's fact suggests the means by which ' we may improve the condition of the worker , and make
him richer , and in a better position to maintain an agitation for . political enfranclAenient . 'That which was effected . by the-middW classes in the sereh * teenth century , under similar circumstances would be effected by the working elasses now . Prom the inroads of monarchical tyranny they had the will and power to set themselves free ; from' the oppression of bad laws and capital the working classes , by self-employment , will have capital to support them , and by intelligence on their side , they will feel
themselves in the position the middle classes formerly were , and they would not fail to throw off the yoke . Bo not let it be supposed I wish to throw down any class , I only wish clashes to be so altered that there shall be but one olass on the face of our island , and that class a labouring intelligent class , and this can only be effmted by Social Reforms going hand in hand with Political Reforms , —Social Intellect with Political Intellept ; hand in hand they vfilllay the foundation ftf . ow liberties , and render us wise and truly prosperous . Yours , & C , Jambs Bensv . .
Etyat-Tfei Inteutgittw*
etyat-tfei inteUtgittw *
National Charter Association, Offices 14...
NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION , Offices 14 , Southampton-street , Strand . The Executive Committee of this body held their first meeting since ; the , sitting of the Convention , as above , on Wednesday . ' evening last . John . Milne in the chair . The correspondence received was read , including ' a communication from the Marylobone locality , expressive of disapprobation at the conduct pursued by certain parties relative , to the Democratic Refugees . Messrs .- Holyoake- and . Jones wore appointed a deputation to wait on Sir George Gi'ey , with the memorial adopted by the Conventioii on behaJf 0 ! Frost , 'Williams , Jones , and Ellis . Messrs . Arnott and Miine were appointed to make inquiries relative to . the monies due to Messrs . M'Gowan and Co .
• It-was then agreed , that Messrs . Arnott , Hunt , and Jones he appointed a sub-committee , to draw up an address to the country . • ' ' : ' The secretary reported . that he bad forwarded copies of the programme— -as amended by tho Convention—to the whole of the daily journals ; and also to twenty-one . of the weekly journals . ' : It was also agreed , that 5 , 000 copies of the programme bo printedjfdr general circulation throughout the country . . , ' - -The Secretary was 'instructed to mnke arrangementsfor holding a series of district public meet " iags in the metropolis , for the purpose of taking into consideration the . programme adopted by the
Convention , the first to be held . at the Phosnix Tavern , Batcliffc ^ cross , as , early as possible . - ¦ - ¦ ' ¦ . After the ' transaction of financial and other business , tlie- Committee adjourned to Wednesday evening , - April 23 rd . ; N . B . —Thosefriends who desire tohareaqunntityiof the programme , and also the address of the Executive Committee to'the Trades , for distribution ; are solicited , to ; state , by letter , addressed to the General Secretary , the name and address of the bookseller through whose parcel the same can be forwarded , and also the name and address of the agent in London who supplies the said booksettev . ¦• . ¦ ¦*¦¦¦ ' Signed on behalf of the Committee , i Jons Abkoit , ' General Secretary .
• Makchesten.—>A Special Meeting Of Memb...
• MAKCHESTEn . —> A special meeting of members , duly announced , was hold in the People's Institute on Sunday . ' - afternoon ; which' was numerously attended , to take , into consideration the resolutions passed by the late London Convention . Mr . John Sutton occupied the chair . He briefly explained the business of tbo ' meeting , and observed , that both policies were now fully before them . If any wavering had taken place in consequence of the doings of the London Convention , now was the time to make up their minds , and speak plainly on the subject . He also informed the meeting that the Council had been alive to the suggestions of last Sunday ' s meeting ; . the . council had appointed a committee to examine the programme of theLondon Convention , and , to . bring before this meeting a
repor t of their labour . ., The committee accordingly reported , and suggested'thefplloTfing resolution : — " That inasmuch as the elective franchise . belongs to every man as a citizen , and member of the body politic , and is the'distinguishing feature th & t points ont the freeman or the slavey so in our country , where only every seventh man is allowed to vote for a Parliamentary'representative , it follows that six-sevenths of , the male adults of our people are in political slavery . That it is our duty as Chartists , by all prudent and honourable means , to put an end to " such gross injustice to the great bulk o ' f the British people . It is with . great pleasure we observe the efforts now making by many parties in our nation , in various ways , to extend the elective franchise to the masses who are , virtually ,
without the pale of the constitution ; and we are satisfied that every accession to the numbers of the enfranchised leaves less to do in , the work of universal j emancipalion , inasmuch as , the working classes are the only parties excluded . . Holding these opinions , and wishin g to extend charity to all men , we cannot read without pajn the first , resolution of the London Conference , which commands all Chartists to withhold support from any measure not embracing the full and complete principles proposed in our Charter ; erroneously , asserting , that any ; extensibh of the elective franchise short of universal , would only render . the . people more helpless , and worse off than befdre v . 'We challenge all thinking men to give ' the subject a few momenta consideration , and we are confident they will find the said
resolution to he baaed on a bad foundation ,, and . ia its tendency and operations selfish , isolated ; ' and factious , andjust ; embodying the very policy that will keep us the powerless and imbecile body of-Re i formers that , in reality , we are at this moment ; we therefore protest against such as injurious policy . " Mr * . Donovaniaid Ee ' obrdially supported the resolutionof the cbmmittee . lan ' d protested against the first resolution on-the ; . Prbgramme " of 0 the London Convention as an insult to every working' man . ' He would reanjthe ^ first ^ resolution , - and hoped the members would , 4 » ke , particular notice — ' " That since byeach aqdall of the franchise measures how before the people , excepting , that embodied inthe P « 6 ples Chirter , the middle classes ; would gain for ^ nore votes than the wbrkihg cl asses would gain , which would , plape theih in a mow . powerless
position than at thepresent , 4 c . " ,. He ( Mr . Donovan ) denied the statement to betriie ; it was a false assertion . He « hould like to know where the unenfr anchised middle ol » jses were—the middle classes were already : enfranchised ; and ! a portion of the . working-classes—any man paying five shillings per ^ eek had a . rigat to , ba placed xa the jBurgess ^ s list . He fearlessly asserted that any extension of the inffrage ; must , enfranchise the ,-workingcclassei . They were , the only ; persons without the franchise . It was stated in the'Lohdoh Cohveritibn , " in support of the first resolution , "that the aristocracy of labour , and not the . Demooraoy of labour , would be benefited byaii extension bfi thesuffrage . ^ Here then is a distinction made of : working men ; of aristocracy J and democracy—of labour according to the amount 6 f ; rT » geflthey get , ; k A man who earns-five Bbil-
• Makchesten.—>A Special Meeting Of Memb...
lings per day ; , looks with contempt upon the man who earns four shillings per day , and a man who earns four shillings per day must look with horror on the man who earn ? two shillings ppr day —as an individual who if franehisod would be one of las greatest enemies and oppressors . Who believed in such a narrow-minded doctrine'as the above ? Apply it to the members present , and would they not rebut such an indign ity hi greater absurdity was neverpublished or sent forth to the world by any Convention preceding it , and he would give it ins determined opposition , , and support the resolution as read -by . ^ he qommittee .-Mr . Knight said , uotnought . tiie-meeting was called to hear a full report of tfte . ^ p ' ndon Convention . According to nisviewe
, tae Convention had come verynear the policy agreed to by the Manclicster / Chartists , and had adopted : a ^ coiiciliatory ; .: . poiicy . '' . Ho thought the great stumbling block , ^ Communism , " was to . be add ^ d . tOithe Charter ;' bnfas no such thing had been . . done ,: heshould like this meetingtS ad , ^ . nodiatorv , course towards the Exccu ' tivoi —Mr . Leacn . saidj ha should like to Know what was moitnt ; by tlie'Lo ' ndpnConvention ' s Programme ? Wis . itas it appekred-in the . Northern Star-separation of Church and State ; National Debt , Nationalization of Land ,- & o ? If it was theyhad cu t out work fer thonfs ? lves for , nearly three months' discussion . With respect to the first resolntion oh the Convention ' s programme he should likeito know whv it was nassed at
all ? Who did it refer , to ? Kosuch parties existed'in Mancheste ^ r-nosuch ; bodies ' existed as an unenfranchised . mid'dleclags ' ., The . firsfc resolution of the Convention was a direct Attack .-on thevPHriiawentary-Reform Association ; He ( Mr . Leach ) was living in a house-ibf £ 20 per ' annum , consequently be had no right there . He might fee called a middleclass man or . an aristocrat of labour . No house in a respectable neighbourhood , or in a front street , could be had in Manchester for less than ' £ 10 per annum . If , the franchise was extended to every man who occupied a house , or part of a house , it would place the working classes in a worse position ihan they were now . Was this not sheer nonsense ? If such an extension was-to take . wlace everv man
there would bo enfranchised ; and if ' the franchise would place them in a worse position why come there at all . ? What was the use of bothering their brains about an estensionof the suffrage ? If four millions of electors were created , and would place thom in a worse position than thoyiwere now , let all progress . cease / and give up agitating for an extension of the- suffrage . He ( Mr . Leach ) should support the resolution drawn up by the committee . An intelligent working-man , whoso name ! did not hear , but who had lately , joined 'the association in consequence of the adoption of the policy pursued by the Chartists _ pf Manchester , strongly recommended the . adoption of the resolutions of the committee . —Mr . Harrison contended that any locality
or individual had a . right to protest against any resolution , they dissented from . The franchise had been cut and trimmed so closely that ' ahy extension must be beneficial to the working classes , and progression to the end in . view . Ho saw many good things passed in the London Convention , -but the bulwark oh which they were founded W 88 a false foundation , and he entered his protest against the first resolution the Convention had passed , 'and should support the resolution as read by the committee . —Mr . Thomas Dickenson said he could not agree with the first resolution passed by the London Convention , it was opposed to the good sense of every Englishman . —Mr . Dickenson criticised some of the resolutions passed by the Convention in a
masterly manner , ' and supported the resolution before the meeting . —Messrs . II . NuttalJ , Gutteridge , and others , supported , the resolution proposed by the committee , after which the Chairman put the resolution to the vote , and it was passed unanimously . The address drawn out by tho committee was next read to the members , which was also passed and adopted by tho meeting , and Ordered to ^ be s ent to tho ¦ Northern Scar for insertion . On Sunday evening Mr , James Cooper gave a very interesting lecture in the People ' s Institute , on "The present , House of Commons , its members and its powers . " -f After the , lecture Mr . Donovan
proposed a vote of thanks to . the lecturer * - -and informed the meeting bfwhat had . transpired at the members' meeting -in the afternoon , which the meeting fully concurred in . —Mr . Cooper said he was going to the great public meeting on Wcdnes . day evening , the 26 U instant , in the Free Trade Hall , and it was his intention to protest against the first resolution on the Convention Programme , and if that meeting would empower him he would protest also in their name . —Amotion was made accordingly , and unanimously passed . —Mr . H . Nuttall briefly seconded the voto of thanks to Mr . Cooper for his very instructive lecture , and the meeting separated .
Rochdale , —A public meeting of members took place ] on Monday evening last . After the financial business was transacted , tho letter of the French Refugees and Mr . O ' Connor ' s reply were road from tbo Star . A lengthy discussion ensued , and the following resolution was carried by a large majority : — " That we , the Chartists of Rochdale , are of opinion that the letter of tho French Refugees has maligned Mr . O'Connor ' s character . "We believe that Mr , O'Connor ' s letter , of April 5 th , docs not refer to the French Refugees , therefore if it is ' the intention of the French genticmen ( along with any of the English who may be found to assist them , ) to shake the confidence placed in Mr . O'Connor , wo , the Rochdale Chartists , will still retain that
confidence until some . more truthful statement has been made than what appears in the letter of the French Refugees . With due respect to all brethren who have been forced to leave their country for the advocacy of liberty , we still hold Mr . O'Connor justified in cautioning the English people against any danger theymay be likely to be led into by natives or foreigners . " , ¦'¦ Newcastle-oton-Ttke , ' — On Monday evening last a public meeting was hold in the Democratic Reading Room , to hear the , report ot Mr . J . Watson , delegate to . the late Convention . Mr . Watson having given in his report some discussion
took place ,, alter which the following resolutions were adopted : —*' . That the report of the delegate be received , and that the thanks of this meeting be given to ourdelegate , 'Mr . ' . Watson ; and . tke delegates of'the Convention , for the satisfactory manner in which they have conducted their business . " " That inasmuch as the People's- Convention of 1851 has affirmed the . truUi of the great principles so long , ably . and perseveringly expounded and contended for by M . J . B ' . O'Brien ; the thanks of this meeting are justly due to that ardent friend of the people , and to , that Convention , for its deliberations and'discussons . "
Manchester , —A public meeting was hold in the Cumberland-street RoomJ on Sunday evening last , Mr . John Knight in the chair . The meeting was addressed by Mr . 6 . J . Mantle , who gave an interesting account of the proceedings of the late London Conference , together with the . course he had taken , the policy . ' . ho , had . supported , and the votes hehad given as theirdelegate .., Tho meeting , which was numerous , appeared well pleased with tho lucid exposition of the principles adopted by the Conference , and- Mr . Mantle , after stating his general approval of theregulations determined upon , concluding ; by expressing his regret at the decision of : the Conference ,-relative to Mr ; O'Connor , believing , as he ; did , such a vote to be unnecessary , although he must say that Mr . O'Connor had acted foolishly in writing the ' letters which had appeared in the Northern Star , relative to the Refugees ; With respect to that gentleman's votes in the Conference , they were such as met his approval . The meeting then broke up .
Exhibiiioit Of 1851.—Her Majesty's Commi...
ExHiBiiioit of 1851 . —Her Majesty ' s Commissioners for the Exhibition of . 1851 have ; taken into their consideration the question as to the hours during which the Exhibition should remain open , and . have determined to adopt the following regulations onjthesubject : —* ¦ 'Her Majesty Having been pleased to signify her intention of visiting the Exhibitioaoh the occasion of its opening dh-the 1 st of May , the doors of the building will not be opened to the . public on that day till one o ' clock , at which hour the holders of season tickets will be admitted ]; and ohthat'day the doors will not ; be-closed until sever i ' o ' clock in the evening . On the two following days , Fridayand Saturday , the doors , will be opened at ten o ' clock , ' and ' cloaed at she o ' clock . On Monuntil
dayithe 5 th of May , and each subsequent day , further notice ; the dobra will fee opened at ten o ' clock , and ' closed at . six , o ' clock ; excepting on Saturdays , 'W whichi day the < doors will not ^ be opened until twelve oWock . At six o clock m the evening , ' when the doors are shut ,- the stalls will-be covered up ; and the police will immediately ; proceed to close the barriers in the avenue and to clear the building . 'iIncase"the Commissioners : should'feel by experience that it is necessary to modify-these regulations ;' either by the further limitation o ' f the Hours of admission , or by giving the public a longer time . ' fbr . visiting . the Exhibition , notice ofsuch modification . will be given .,. By order of her Majesty ' s Commissioners , J . " Scon . Rusaxui ; : S ; H ; Kobth- * cbiB .-B ^ Wwn ' Builuing , HydoPark / 15 thApUii
The' Members Of The Manchester Chartist ...
THE' MEMBERS OF THE MANCHESTER CHARTIST ASSOCIATIOJi TO THE PEOPLE . " Fmow CbcsinvMKN , —And especially you , , wbO are an xiously working and Waiting for tha . ghrious . day of political enfranchisement—you , who know iow ardent have been our struggles ' in the past , and now big were our hopes oi the fature-read , mai-K , and learn , and let experience teach us t & be wise , .
« n «?« M P " £ ho « -we ' .. ka force- we can K ?» * , ' f < - » T » y of class misi'ule , thafc loi the present ralca a . saucy . triumph over ; us . And we hare all como to the conduJio ,, that ; our weakness springs from the division amongst ourselves , and our too ' exclusive policy . To remedv abuses in a great nation like our oWn j 3 a „ important wort , and requires a powerful ' combination of public opinion—it requires an extensive union of men and mind , or wc may labour in vain and our efforts will come to naught . ¦ ' The Chartist Association of Manchester havo
had long experience in political agitations , and have decided to adopt a line of policy that cannot fail to strengthen their exertions , and bring them nearer to the goal of their hopes—the full enfranchisement of manhood . We offer to aid and assist ail men , or bodies of men , who profess and attempt to better the political condition of tbe great bulk of the people , be their endeavours great or small , their reforms broad or narrow ; if the measures ' they propound will benefit our brethren ( the people ) we ' will give them our hearty support . We would gain friends ,. and accomplish sonic good before we goto our graves , " bowed down with sorrow and
care . This is our Jtno of policv , and this we will # > : in the future , if all the world should condemn us ; We have suffered to be called hard names for tins , ' and wc are prepared to suffer whatever may be done or said against us . But we will fivmly persevere , until we have trained a great , mighty , and consolidated union of the democratic mind of pur old country , and then our labours are over , for such an union of sentiment will be omnipotent . . We are drawn to ofter this present address from
reading a report of the first resolution on the pro ' , gramme of tbe London Conference , which states that , " By each and aMof the franchise measures now before the people , ( except the Charter , ) the middle classes would gain far more votes than the working classes , consequently tho working people would be far worse off than they are at present , and therefore . popular support must be , withhold , from all franchise measures falling short of the Charter . " . . ' .
! ' Brethren , we believe the premises of that reso-1 Jutibii will not stand the brunt of scrutiny—it has been argued publicly amongst us for the l . 1 St four months . Cb »/>"»« alty , and like an " empty sack , " it could not stand up , To say here wo have six millions of unfranchised men , and if we give four million of them their freedom , or in other words , thc ' eicctivc franchise , we shall niuko them worse , slaves than they wero before . Surely this is nonsense , or something worse . Again , 'let us say that at present tho middle classes overpower us with their political weight ; but WO will strike oft" the shackles of four mil / ions of our brothers ,. and then sco if all the nine hundred thousand voters , middle and higher classes , ( as tbey are called , ) united' in one lump , would bo able to cope with the four millions of new born freemen .
We allude to the household suffrage , proposed by Mr . Joseph Hume , M . P . A measure that proposes to extend the franchise to all persons occupying a house , room , or tenement , Is there any person can say , with a serious countenance , that such « measure of reform as that would do an injury to the people , or stop us from , getting the Charter ? For the sake of common sense , surely not .
W ' e all know that the present Franchise includes tho higher , middle , and a poition of the . betterpaid working classes ; and that , consequently , any Extension of tho Suffrage must full to the tillaVO of those at present excluded through . poverty . Bankers , . lawyers , parsons , millowners , landowners , shopkeepers , wholesale and retail dealers , and thousands of others have all the power thry xvould have now . The Extension of the Franchise could give thera no more power than they at present possess .
There is no way in which the middle class would gain an advantage over'the working classes , but by supposing that tho four million enfranchised men would sell themselves to the middle classes , turn traitors to their brethren yet in bond , and / ot'sto the welfare of themselves and their country : But let such a thought perish in it 3 birth , for it would be a base libel on the character of Englishmen . The conclusion of tbe aforesaid resolution is as
vicious in practice as its premises are erroneous in theory . Had our bittoet-t enemies given such advice , wo should not havo boon surprised " . But emanating as it does from those professing to be our friends and advocates—many of whom have won our admiration and gratitude—we are grieved that we have cause to dissent and protest against their advice . Yet truth , and our country's welfare , demand us to do our duty , and that we will do to the best of our abilities , however paihful or difficult the task .
In our town wo were as an organised body , beneath contempt . Wc were powerless for good or for evil , but it shall be so no move . We have begun to take stops to place ourselves in that commanding and dignified position that tho importance of our principles are worthy of . So far wc' have met with success , beyond our highest anticipations , and , if energy , patience , and perseverance can command it , success shall crown our hopes in the future . Fcllow-conntrymen , we must now do something . Wo . must make up for many years of bitter disappointment , and lost time ' and labour . . Wo . must
have a wide-spread union of our fellow-countrymen , and wo must open wide the gates of our future policy , to . allow the millions of our brethren to enter . We must now bo serious , and do more work with less noise . We must court the aid of all men , no matter what he their station . We must countenance all measures that tend in any degree to raise us in the scale of society . We must make allowances for other people ' s " prejudices , " and bo charitable to those who differ in opinion from us . We must have less suspicion and more faith in man . Wo must love ourselves—but love our country more ; and we must expect to find more honest men in the world besides ourselves .
In conclusion , there is no choice—no alternative , if WG would really gain the Charter . Wo must act oh the liberal , kiniliy . policy wo have hero mapped out , instead of the factious policy of the resolution of tho London Conference . Brethren , do as we advise , and we shall find friends and respect , our members will increase an hundred-fold , our power will then be felt in Downing-strcet , and , at last , we shall bear down all opposition , and win our glorious old Charter . ¦ Jous Svvnos , Chaivman . James Alcock . Secretary .
[ We insert this as an independent criticism on the acts of a public body . At the same time we believe there is no necessity for the two bodies holding such different opinions as to the course to be pursued , with reference to other progressive political movements coming into collision with each other . The difference is one of opinion , solely , and " much may be said on both sides . " Both parties will act wisely in directiiisjall their energies affirmatively , and in refraining from criticising the proceedings of each other . Each will find their adherents , and those who display the greatest zeal , perseverance , energy , and ability will have tho honour of doing most for the glorious cause of political emancipation . We cannot too often repeat , there is room enough in the world for all of us , and we have no strength to waste in contention with each other . —En . N . S . ]
Extensive Hobbeet At Bbistoi, And Captur...
Extensive Hobbeet at Bbistoi , and Capture or the Thieves—During tbe last three months an extensive series of robberies from the shops of the principal silk mercers , haberdashers , miliners , & c , of Bristol have been carried on by some expert thieves , who , until within the last few days , contrived to execute their thefts with such adroitness asi to defeat all tho efforts made to detect them . On Saturday , the 5 th instant a number of robberies were committed at the shops of Mr . Freeman , College-greeni Mr . Wintle , Corn-street , Mr . Gregory , . Wine-street , Mr . Snow , ; Winestreet , & c , . from whom a number of pieces of silk , satin , levantine , & c , of the value in all . of from £ 70 to £ 80 were stolem In each instance the
goods had been missed immediately after the de » parture of two lady-like personages , who , after looking at a great number of articles and engag . ing the attention of the assistants for sonic time , made purchase * of some goods of trifling value and left the shop . . The police immediately iaatituted ' inquiries , and Police « cbnstable Bowden , of the detective force , apprehended three fe ' males ,: giving _ their v names Haokett , ? Stuck , andDpwde . Upon their being searched , two of them ' were found to have openings in their dresses communicating , . with extensive pockets capable of contftiniDg a large amount of plunder . In Dowde s pocket was . a valuable' silk dress and other things purloined from the shop of Mr . - Wintle and also key
a . Subsequently tw . o men , giving their . names Edward Newman and Samuel lailey who bad visited thefemale prisoners in Bridewell , were followed to a beer- house near the railway terminus , where ; was ; found , a-.-box which some female had leftthere , of which the key found in Dowde ' s pocket fitted the lock . In it was contained tbe wholeof the silks missed by Mr . Treeman , Mr . bnow , and Mr . Gregory , as also some of the small articles purchased by-the women at the different shops visited by . them , i Tho prisoners , who are ' detained in custody , as well the males as the females , » re » ribderstopd . to be connected twith a gang of loadoii thieves , who have been levying . extensive con- ; tributioaa in the various large tomh
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 19, 1851, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_19041851/page/1/
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