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KmtWmi THE .-JiUKTflEM STAR. 5
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¦ JkwKG A*® LffCBEsr. ItoBBEHr—Oa y aes ...
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mGNIES RECEIVED Tob lira Week Exdixo Thu...
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Rational fun? mmpmy*
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A public meeting of a number of the shar...
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TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF THE NATIONAL LAND...
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loiriTAL v, LsBOURr—We understand,. that...
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NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION. A public me...
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BALANCE SHEET. OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTIO...
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•vIscbbasb is me Popoution;—So ' far as ...
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES. T...
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MANCHESTER FINANCIAL AND PARL1AMESTARY R...
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The Sunday Trading Biu,.—iMPOuTMrr Meeti...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Parliamentary . Hope And Real Ity-Antici...
% njin ( r , at Horsemonger-lane Gaol . Several ^ factors are awaiting the same fate , and ^ L ; new asp irants for the gallows are mak-Shcir appearance . Trul y , we are an ensJhtened and civilised people . b COLONIAL . Great rejoicings had taken place at Port Phillip on account of its separation from New South Wales , and erection into an independent colony . W © presnme tbat Dr . Lan g ,
* nd the Radical party , will not allow the towers granted by the Australian Colonies % ek , of last session , to lie dormant . That Act empowers them to frame a Constitution for themselves ; and , as Dr . Lns g threatened jBarl Gret when he left this country , in 1849 , with the " United Statea of Australia , " it may be presumed he ^ rift not neglect the leverage the change will give him .
. If any additional impetus towards a Government—whether Republican or Monarchicalentirely free from Downing-street tyranny and jnis-government , were needed , the Colonists of Port Philli p will find it in the present state of Van Diemen ' s Land . Transportation to this colony was discontinued four years ago , on representations of the most urgent and appalling kind , as to the evils it inflicted on fte colonists . Earl Gret , however , seems to iaveresolved to renew the practice , and it baa given rise to great excitement in the colony .
Ja order fo avert the stream of felony from Clear shores , the colonists have formed an ** Anfi-Transportation Society . " But they occupy a different position to the Cape colonists , who succeeded in beating off the cargoes of criminals consigned to their shores . A "very large portion of the Tasmanian population is either criminal , or of criminal extraction . The result is , that counter-associations have been formed . "The Prisoners' Protection Society" is a great confederation , for the avowed purpose of retnrning a majority
to the Legislature at the first General Election under the New Constitution . In fact , it appears as thoug h a war of extermination was impending between the free settlers and the emancip ists . In Western Australia also the convicts hare become a source of uneasiness to the Government , and alarm to the colonists . Looking forward to the time when successive importations from our gaols and hulks will place them in the majoritythey coolly intimate their intention
, of dictating their own conditions . Rather an unpleasant hint , when the greatprobability is , ttat it will shortly be carried into effect . It is high time the Home Government began in good earnest to settle this same convict discip line and transportation question . Unless grappled with vigorously it may entail dangerous and deplorable consequences , both npon the colonies and the Mother country . In other respects , the news from the Australian group is comparatively satisfactory .
Front China the principal item of intelligence is the breaking out of a war between the Confucian and Roman Catholic Chinese in Macao . Many of the p lantations , of the Christian Chinese have been destroyed , and the district inhabited b y them has been placed nnder military protection , after a great number of the devotees of the old orthodox faith were ahofc . The Indian Mail contains little noteworthy .
With some trifling exceptions , peace is preserved . A daring outrage was perpetrated by g ome Khyberees , npon Cap t . Gbautham arid a lady , in the neig hbourhood of Peshawar . As they were taking their evening ride , the officer was dangerously wounded in six or seven places , and the horses were carried off . The JTepaalese Ambassador , who lately caused so much excitement in London , and was followed by such a crowd of sight-seeers , whenever he made his appeaxance-Trbaa , on his return to lis own country , narrowly escaped assassination , by a band of conspirators , which included
some of his own near relations . He had preriouely shown his appreciation of our hospitality by refusing entrance into the IVepaulese territory of an English officer , who wanted sport , and Dr . Hooker , an eminent botanist , who wanted to pursue Iris scientific researches in his own department . It would seem , therefore , that Svs Bahadok has not carried away ' a very favourable idea of us . Perhaps he thinks that a peop le cursed with such an unscrupulous appetite for extended dominion , and who possess such arsenals as he was shown while In this country , are best at a distance . If so , we cannot blame him .
. FOREIGN . Civil War has broken out in Portugal , the only object of which seems to be the removal of Count Thomar—the notorious Costa Caural , b y Saldanha—and the party opposed to him . It will be a mere party fight , in which the people are not , in the slightest degree , interested ; and the haringreeoaree to anna for such a purpose says little for either the wisdom or the power . of the " outs . " However defective the Portuguese Constitution may DC , Saldasha and his friends might surel y find better means than cannon , muskets , swords , and bayonets , to torn out an obnoxious political rival .
Matters have not yet come to blows in France , but every preparation is being made h y the hostile parties for a ieen and deter-^ aned conflict . Lotos I 9 AP 01 E ON has at length constituted a Ministry of the most reactionary character . Leon Faucheb , who is at its head , is one of the most fanatical opponents of the opinions which are so popular in France . He fas the author of the bill which disfranchised one half of the people ; and AT . Baboche , the scady tool of the factions , is infamous for his suppression of the Liberty of the Press . From
Bticb . an adininistratiom nothing but tyranny and despotic repression can be expected . It has however onl y a weak position in the Assembly . A motion of censure , made the moment it appeared , was only lost by fifty-two votes , and many influential Leg iti"u ' ^ S j Qrleanists , and Moderates kept away , jdesirous , wo presume , of not turning them jontat once . That , however , is no pledge of [ continued neutrality . In the meantime , Faup ER ostentatiously shakes hands with
Chas'UWieb , asahmtthatif needbe , he will spare 'either powder nor steel . After all 1852 will rove a greater , pnzzle to the conspirators gainst the constitution than they hare discowed the means of unriddling . Spain is in the throes of a Ministerial nsis . The Cortes has been dissolved , and he new Ministers have dismissed the government employes wholesale , m order that 3 Jar-? may not find poppets in the Government ffices , to be moved by the wires reaching from
German and Italian affairs remain almost islalu quo .. Nothing bnt the same dull talk bout Frankfort Diets , and so forth , bnt action Suspended . The American MaU brings nothing lemark' »«* . except another foolish article in the A « o lo >* Herald , in which Mr . Gobbok BessST ! , nn gs his inventive faculties into play , and J tojures up a gigantic confederation of Ame-2 " French , Italian , German , Hungarian , « u British revolutionists , at the World ' s ia "" next month . All we can say of the gf ^ rthat it appears to ris " very like a
Kmtwmi The .-Jiuktflem Star. 5
KmtWmi THE .-JiUKTflEM STAR . 5
¦ Jkwkg A*® Lffcbesr. Itobbehr—Oa Y Aes ...
¦ JkwKG A *® LffCBEsr . ItoBBEHr—Oa y aes ay S ? - * 5 t » * hort , J ' afcer tiK ' Vremises had been hWi busiD ^ » some daring young thief im"rentlv entered and stole an . oil painting , iua gilt « ° e « f no ' saiaD dimensions , froar the frontwin-^^• - ^ alesbj , 12 , Old Bond-street .: A reid n » 1 ® " ? o « sfflan ,. residuig near the spot , who "jparticnlkri y . noticed , the . painting . when exhiwarr ? t £ * wlna ° » saw a boy -walking off with it ibm 1 Jci : adiUy on tha morning . in question , but ent i " ^ ' ^^ ' careless manner in which he * along , ' $ fcat he Was " employed as a porter by ™ one who had pnrchasedit from Mr . Walesby , ^ g ^ was then excited , and the daring scamp
Mgnies Received Tob Lira Week Exdixo Thu...
mGNIES RECEIVED Tob lira Week Exdixo Thuhsmt , Ariui , 17 ia , 1851 . _ — _ FOR THE EOKESTY FUND . DECEIVED BT W . BIDES . _ , £ s . d . Pudsey , near Leeds , per W . Booth .. 0 10 0 T . Tomkinson , Pendleton .. .. 0 13 Barnstable , per B , Farleigh .. .. 0 2 6 Nottingham , proceeds of Baffle at Seven Stars , per J . Sweet .. .. .. 039 A few Friends , Sidemoonless order ) .. 0 11 3 From Bedford Estate—I ' . Burton .. 0 . J- "Wooden .. - ' ¦ .. .. 019 W . Eaton .. .. ... 010 WeBinghorooeh , per J . Turnell .. 0 5 0 Messrs . Calligan and Ebbage , London .. 0 0 9 . £ 119 9 SECHVIO ATtiNB OFFICE . Littleborough .. . " ' .. 030 wio tgup inffiiSi ) cdmpasy BECETTED BI W . SIDES . £ S . d . T . Tomtinson , Pendleton .. .. 006 E . Smith , per J . Sweet , Nottingham .. 0 0 6 J . Garrett , Wiltej , Nart & Mnr & 'QMJure .. O " 1 « Peterborough , per JJr . Scholey .. 0 6 D J . Ctegg , Rochdale ( a loan ) - i 0 ti _ £ 1 _ 8 0 lECBVSD AXU * U > OrntS . littleborough .. .. .. 030
NATIONAL CHARTER FUND . _ Heceired by JoasAssoTi . —K . Brown , Farahsun Kov & l Is—Mrs . Burn * , ditto fid—W . Quick , ditto to—Messrs Mtmson 2 s—Glasgow , per TV . Brown £ 110 s—R . Topham , per O . J . Harney Is—Falkirk , per D , Sinclair 7 s lid . — Ttal £ 23 s 5 d . CONVENTION FUND . Beceived by Joh » Abnott . — W . Walker . BidclifTe Bridge 3 d—Beverley , per E . Bayne 7 s 6 d—Ajr , pet T ; CaUan 5 * 96 Sheffield , per J . J . Bewr IOs—Kettering , per G . J . Barney ls- { d ^ -Totali I 4 s l 0 d . - * FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POLISH REFUGEES . Beceived by W . Branc—Fodsey , near Leeds , per W . Booth 10 s—Barnstable , per R . Farlehjh 2 s Gd . ——Received hj John abkoit . —Mr . Wright , per C . Yeung Is 3 d —A Working Man , RadcliSe Bridge , per R . Hamer Is 6 d-CoUectedbjCHutchins , Marylehone 8 s 9 d—Collected at the Two Chairmen , Wardonr-streer , Soho 0 s lid ,
REFUGEES AT LIVERPOOL . Received by \ T . Bjdeb . —Paisley , per 3 . Hutchard 6 s . — Beceired hy John ¦ Assoxr . —A Working Man , Radcliffe Bridge , per R . Hamer 2 s . POLICE CASE AT TURNMILL STREET-, Received by Jons AWOTT . —KewcasQe-upon-Tynej per James Watson Is . - -
Rational Fun? Mmpmy*
Rational fun ? mmpmy *
A Public Meeting Of A Number Of The Shar...
A public meeting of a number of the shareholders of the above Company was held on Sunday afternoon , at the City Chartist Hall , Golden-lane . Mr . French in the chair . —Mr . Broomficld explained that the object of tbe meeting was to adopt means , by subscriptions , < fcc , to purchase up tbe shares of the dissatisfied members of the Company ; and with tbe dividends arising from tbem , when the Company was wound np , to purchase back the property , or a portion thereof . —Mr . Wheeler , at some length , explained the method to be pursued , and
the necessity of getting themselves enrolled as a Loan Society . —Mr . Hopkins showed the beneficial results which would flow from the project , and promised it his active support . —Messrs . Tregenser , Endean , and others , spoke in favour of the object . —Mr . Bloomfield moved , and Mr . Batten seconded , the appointment of a committee to draw up rules for the formation of the society , which was carried , and the following persona were elected : — Messrs . Windeler , Broomfield , "Wheeler , Sfmt ' ton , Hopkins , Endean , Slocombe , Edwards , Batten , Hampden , French , Llewellyn , and Tregenxer . Mr , Wheeler was appointed secretary , and the committee agreed to meet on the ensuing Wednesday
evening . The adjourned meeting of the committee , appointed on Sunday , met on Wednesday evening , at the City Chartist Hall , Golden-lane . ' Mr . Trench resuming the chair . —Mr . Wheeler reported that he had seen Mr . O ' Connor , and that gentleman highly approved of their project , and would render tbem any assistance in his power . Mr . Wheeler then laid before them a code of rules for the for * station of the society , prepared according to the Act of Parliament . —Mr . Broomfield also brought forward rules upon the subject , framed upon those of a society of which he is manager . After much
deliberation and discussion , the rules proposed by Mr .- Wheeler were adopted with some modification . Mr . Wheeler was elected secretary , pro tern ; Mr . Windeler , treasurer , pro tern . Upwards of twenty shares were taken , and tho deposits paid thereon . A considerable amount ot scrip was also deposited . The following address was agreed to , and ordered to be inserted in the Northern Star , the secretary was instructed to call , by advertisement , a public meeting on the following Wednesday evening , and submit the roles to that body prior to taking them to Tidd Pratt for enrolment . —The committee then adjourned until Sunday , afternoon . ' '" '
To The Shareholders Of The National Land...
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY AND OTHERS . A number of shareholders of the National Land Company , resident in the Metropolis , having seen with regret the apathy evinced by the great bulk of j their brethren , and being anxious that this great memorial of the power of working classco-operatiprishbuldnot pass entirely into other hands , and ; the fruits of years of agitation and . the collection of "vast funds be dissipated , as they would be if the estates are disposed of to strangers , and the dividends , great hi ' 'the aggregate ,. but small in their individuality , distributed amQBg the
shareholders , have formed themselves into a society for the purpose of depositing their scrip into one common stock , and by the . issuing of shares of £ 1 each , payable within one year , raising a capital wherewith to discount or lend money to those holders of scrip , to whom a present : monetary benefit may be more valuable than to await the dividend to be declared on the Winding-up of the Company . The funds .. arising from the subscribed capital , and the dividends arisingfromt tho deposited and discounted shares , to be applied towards purchasing the whole or a
portion of the estates of the National Land Company at their then market p rice , or in purchasing such other landed property as tho shareholdersmay deem advisable ; suchestates to be vested in the hands of the trustees , and an annual or quarterl y dividend to be paid to the shareholders out of the rents arising therefrom , in proportion to the respective shares they may have deposited , and the capital they may have subscribed . The purchased property to be "occupied according to arrangements to be provided by the shareholders of the society at future meetings to be called for that purpose . ' ' .. . ' ' .
. The Society' opines that by judicious management it rhay either collect or discount , ata fair market price , a large amount of the scrip issued by the Company , and thus becoming its chief creditor , may be enabled to realise , to a great extent ; its orig inal desirable objects . It will alsoj by giving a monetary value to the scrip ( like that of , other companies ) now in existence , afford assistance-to many who may not be able fo take shares ia ' theSociety , aiid make that productive of natioh 4 good , which would otherwise become an ' injurious , . private speculation ... ,: - -
In carrying , out this object they are anxious to have the protection of' thelawV and . ' . will , therefore , procbre the enrolment' of their rules under the title of ' "The " National Land and Labour Loan arid , Discount Societ y , ? : established for lending sums of money upon landed or personal security . They invite ; the attentions , not only of shareholders of the National Land Company , but of all ' , the / friends of cooperation and progress to this experiment . - Rules , will be speedily issued . All " cemmunications to"D * 3 addre 8 S ^ ' ( forth 6 presentyfo Thomas M . "Wheeler , 36 , Kenton-stireet , Branswick-square , * . enclosing a Post-Office atainp forreply . , . . , ;
Loirital V, Lsbourr—We Understand,. That...
loiriTAL v , LsBOURr—We understand ,. that . in consequence of the ' indictment , for' conspiracy ^ of Mr Peel , secretary 'of the National Association of United Trades ; and Others , arising out of the strike of the Wolverhampton Tin Plate Workers , that a Central Committee-has been formed , consisting of delegates from the trades of London . This Committee intends meeting every- Thursday ^ evehmgat the Bell Inn , Old Bailey , when it is hoped that every trade in the metropolis will send a representative to decide a question so vital to tho interests and well-beis ? of the labouring classes ,
National Reform Association. A Public Me...
NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION . A public meeting tooK place at the Edinburgh Castlo , Rhodeswell-road Limebousc , on Tuesday , to give tbe members of the association who reside iu this locality ah opportunity of stimulating tbe government to niake the promised bill for the extension of the suffrage a complete measure for the representation of the people . Mr . T . J . Serle in the chair . In opening the proceedings , Tbe Cuaihjux ' observed that those who occupied the platform had come amongst the humbler classes as fellow citizens , and with the same object . in view ; although , it had been most absurdly statep that they were " paid for speaking" on these occasions . Their present position was one of consiae-Mhln itiTfirfist ; and thfiv renuired onlv time to work
out tbe principles they advocated . It must , be their endeavour to impress upon the government of the country the absolute necessity of making that which they had promised to them a real performance . They wished in fact , to point out to the legislature that it was their duty to strike the roots oftheir reforsMeop into the soil , that the tree may growl In this . important movement the middle classes would hot be content with any advantages of their owh . but would fight earnestly with tbe people to make the reform strong and universal . Mr . Serle then explained the objects and principles of the association , observing that they soughs tbe extension of the suffrage to every man who was at the head of a family , and occupied what might be called a home of his own . This boon tbey must
endeavour to accomplish in the face of an oligarchy which he would never fail to denounce as mean and selfish .: The reform they , desired , to obtain would tend to the benefit of the people , and in order to effect their purpose ,, tbey must begin by gaining a certain amount of . power . They must secure , m the first instance , household suffrage in its extended iense , and this would eventually lead to universal suffrage . Theextension they desired would add three millions to the ' constituency of the country , and even if theydid not succeed in obtaining the suffrage for those who occupied apartments as ' well as the inhabitants of houses , tbey should still enfranchise a very large portion of the community who were now unrepresented . Next to . the extension of . the suffrago , they demanded a more equal
division of the ~ elector . il districts—a state of things which would prevent the occurrence of such scenes as had lately taken place at Aylesbury and St . Albans , where some f evr voters bad been brought from the country to vote for the borough . In addition to the objects he had named , they also advocated the system of voting " by ballot , as the very best means of securing honour and purity at elections . They desired , moreover , an alteration in the duration of parliaments . Annual-parliaments had been claimed , but the members of this association would be content with triennial parliaments , because experience had taught them that the business of the country rendered it necessary that more than one year should be given to a specific measure . There were' iother questions which entered
into their consideration , and amongst them was that of the abolition of the qualification Which Was required to fit & man to take his place as a member of the House of Commons ., The present mode ot qualification was an idle , silly , insulting farce . It was well known that there were many persons in the house who derived the necessary £ 300 from their friends , but who could not produce 300 pence of their own if they were called upon to do so . A man who was really independent could be honest with very little , ' and the pecuniary qualification , therefore , should be abandoned altogether as a premium to that which was false . Lor * John Russell had promised them reform in the representation , and they must not cease to agitate until they had compelled him to keep his word . Mr . Sevle
concluded by an earnest appeal on behalf of the Association , aud by denouncing the present electoral system . . . . , Mr . Nawzoir . proposed the first resolution , stating that tho fact of , the , Reform Bill having failed to render the . Ho use of Commons a reflex of the opinions of the peopife , ™ r . « w admitted by the government in their promised measure for uie extension of the suffirage . The meeting , therefore , desired : to . record its opinion that representation should at least be commensurate with the expanded intelligence of the operative classes . He observed that as the differences , between the two factions in the house had induced the government to say that reform was necessary , the people must take advantage of these differences and turn them to their own account ... ..-, >
: Mr . Atton seconded Ihe resolution , and Sir Francis Kbowiss supported it , stating tbat if tbe people could once obtain a recognition of their principles , they would not long fail to achieve the objects for which they were agitating . By the present representative"systeni ; tlie privilege of voting was limited to the few who . held property " in towns and counties , and- 'the finances of the public , as applied fo elections , were used in . such a manner that instead of being devoted to the government of the country they were ' . employed in supporting a power which was taken from the people » t large . : The motion was carried unanimously , and was followed by another resolution ! declaring that the objects of the : National Reform Association were calculated , to create such a moral union of the middle aud working classes ; as would stimulate the government to meet the constitutional demands of the people . This resolution was also passed , and the meeting separated / 1
Balance Sheet. Of The National Conventio...
BALANCE SHEET . OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION ASSEMBLED IN LONDON ; , ' ., MARCH 31 sr , 1851 . , DB . £ s . d . Bermondsey .... : " .... ... , o 5 0 Birmingham ... ... , „ 0 10 0 Bradford ( York ) : ... 0 10 0 Brechin ..... 5 . ...... .- . ... 0 10 0 Bristol .. ...... .... 10 0 Cheshire ' .... ' . " .. ' „ ' ... 1 « 0 City and Finshnry ... 0 10 0 Darlington .... ... ... 0 0 0 Dundee .... ... ... 0 10 0 Edinburgh ..,... . ' , „ . ' , „ 0 10 0 Exeteif' " ... ... 010 0 Glasgow ' ... ... ... ... ... 010 0 Greenwich and Sent . ... ... .. . 1 2 0 Halifax - " ... ..... ... , ... ... 100
Huddersfield ... ... ... 0 10 0 Hull v •„ . .. » , . . ,,. .,,, . ¦ ,,,- ... -y 10 V Kircardine-on-Fbrth ' ..... . ¦' ... ... 0 3 0 Lambeth ' . •»• ••• . . ... ... 0 5 Q Leicestershire ... .... ... ... 1 0 0 Merthyr Tydvil ' ' ... ... 0 10 0 Newcastle-upon-Tyne .... 0 10 0 Newtown ' . ... ... ... . . . ' ... ... 0 SO North Lancashire ' . ., ' ., .... ... . ... 0 10 0 Nottinghamshire " ... ... ... ... 0 10 0 Paisley . ... •» , .. »• . .. ' - 010 0 Portsmouth .... ... ... 1 8 0 Potteries .., ' ' . >•• ... ... 0 , 10 0 . Royton ';'" « . ' . ••« . ' ••• ... ... 0 10 0 South Shields ' ... ... . ... .. i 0 10 0 Tiverton ' "' ... ' .... ; . ... ...: ... 0 10 0 Tower Hamlets ' . ' ... ' ... 0 10 0 Westminster and Marylebene 1 0 0 Balance from Supper ... ... ... 0 18 0
Collected at Cowper-sfreet ISO Collected at'Carhsle-street , „ , „ 012 i Mr . Bubo ¦ ¦ '' ... ' ¦ ' ... , . . » , 0 5 0 Messrs . ; C . and A . Jones , and A . S . ... 0 S 0 Strong Bboemen ' s Society . ... 0 10 0 Small Sums ... " . ' . ,,.. , ¦' . " ........ 2 411 Total Receipts « . . .. . » . ' * 2 S ' . ? , ;* cmieuacn - s ,. CB . ' £ 8 . d . Rent of -Convention Room . ;• ... . 0 0 . 0 Printing " : ' ... '• ' ... •» ••• ^ 10 0 Stationery ... ... ' ... ' •¦¦ ... 1 6 3 Expense of Public Meetings at Cowperstreet , and Carlisle-street , & c .... ... 310 10
Doorkeeper ... ' ' ... ; .. ... ... 1 II 6 Messenger ... ... ... ... ... 1 10 0 Writing Memorials . ; . ... ... ... 0 . 5 0
- Total Expenditure ; : ... £ 18 HI • ———» Total Receipts ... £ 25 3 9 Total Expenditure 18 li 1 . - ¦ > , - . ( 1 » " . i . ¦ Balance ia Hand < £ 6 9 8 Audited aud found correct ,- this loth of April , 1851 . . , ; ... i " " D . W . RUFFT . > . ,.. „„ . N B —The abbre balance is left in the hands of the Executive for the purpose of defraying the expense of printing ordered by the Convention , ' and , as we understand that this will amount to a much larger sum , we trust those districts which have not paiS their quota . to the Convention Fund , will remit the « uhe forthwith to the Central Secretary . ..... . .. ( Signed ) - ; ' . ,- ; ..,.... ' .. ' : , .-- ^ . ^ RnEPr . - :- ' ¦ i . T . M . "WBBWiBB .
•Viscbbasb Is Me Popoution;—So ' Far As ...
• vIscbbasb is me Popoution ;—So ' far as can be at present-. asceiitained , from , the returns already sent in by . the respective ^ enumerators , the population of Blackburn may . be . stated at 47 , S 0 Q-tbus showing an increase . of 11 , 000 on thocengUS 01 loll Theincrease . hasheenat the rate of more than a thousand a year , during the last ten years . Mackhtm Standard . ^ . „ — - ' - ' Akotoeb . i Ikpobtikt Ccbe bt Hoitowi . *'* QisrncEjiT am > l'xiis or a yfovHBJS thb Leo . — Mrs . Malcolm , wife of the UghOiottse keeper at the entrance of the River Tees , near Redear , had been a sufferer for upwards of ten years wiffi ' a severe ' ' wbuadinuie leg , " which , during the last four years of tbtt period was so bad that it made her quite incapable of walking without crutches . To heal it many remedies had beeu tried in * ain before Holloway ' s Ointment and Vills were used , hut these excellent remedies being at last resorted to , effectuaUy healed the wound in about nine weeks .
National Association Of United Trades. T...
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES . T . S . Dbncombb , Esq ., M . P ., President , Established 1845 , " mi justiiia , " i . ( „ ' fnl ^^ % 6 sftle . ' tue , TOrkiB B cln 3 Ses > ty «>«• btamg-among themselves , to raise , or keep up the general rate of wages , u Bmj hardly he stud that this would hei thing not to bg punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced at , ¦ SnusT ilm .
The question of machinery , and its influence for gooo . or for evil upon the interests of labour , has always been a vexed question between the working classes and the great doctors of the "political economy school . By the one class , every fresh scientific discovery , or new mechanical invention whereby manual labour is superseded or cheapened , is hailed as an unmixed national blessing , and every attempt that is made by the working men to resist or , obstruct their progress , is denounced as a crime against society , and as a perverse and ignorant violation of one of the cardinal canons of social economy . But , posessed of a pretty intimate and extensive knowledge of the disposition and opinions of themuch «
abused labouring classes upon this and other questions affecting their interests , we give it as our de . liberate opinion that they are neither so wickedly perverse , nor so ignorantly stupid upon this question , as they are supposed to be .. We know the great majority of working men are fully sensible of the value and importance of scientific and mechanical discoveries , and that they are only opposed to a monopoly by capitalists of tho advantages arising from their introduction ., It is to the ; abuses , and not to the uses of machinery , tbat their opposition extends . They conceive they have a prescriptive right to live by their labour , and that no consid- ration of public benefit can Justify an invasion . of that ri ght . They are strengthened and justified in this assumption by the universal recog ' nifcion of the principle of compensation ; when the rested interests of individuals are required to he surrendered for the public good . Even vested
interests in public wrongs bare frequently been successful obstacles to the most' manifest public benefits ; witness the violent opposition to the Municipal Reform Bill , set up by the Clerks of the Peace and other paid functionaries in the old corrupt boroughs , wliich opposition could only . be neutralised by the introduction by the' Government of the day of a compensation clause , by which the vested rights of these parties were commuted by a life annuity . Even that foul sink of corruption and fraud—the Palaco Court in Scotland-yard—could not be annihilated until tho counsel and attorneys were compensated for the surrender of their injurious monopoly by an act of Parliament . And at the present time , lord Brougham ' s well-intentioned efforts to extend the benefits of the New County Courts Act , are paralysed and nearly lvustratcd by the clamours of hungry attorneys , as expressed through their champion—the Lord Chancellor Truro .
We know it is alleged by the political economists , that the introduction of'machinery , however it may appear in some instances to supersede manual labour , yet that it opens up ' new and increased demands for it in other departments , and that in tho long run the working classes are immensely benefited by its introduction . We believe this argument is more specious than real . Our own observation certainly does not bring conviction to our minds of the soundness of this position . Wo fail to discover the ameliorating influences of machinery upon the fortunes of the hand-loom weavers . We havo bad painful experience of its cruel operation upon the Block Printers of Lanca shire . We have seen , with our own eyes , skilled , talented workmen , breaking stones upon the roads
leading to the Printworks of the great champion of Free Trade , the renowned and egregiously flattered Riohard Cobden . We have beon eye-witnesses also . to tbe mode by which employment is created to compensate for its injurious effects in iooiaud oases .. i Wc well remember visiting , in the performance oi ouruuu « a , n Korivof Block Printers at Compsal Bridge , Derbyshire , when tne bcuivu v * of the body came to its with his wrists abraded by his labour , at . 'the wash tub , which dignified employment he had been doomed to by the combined operation of machinery in destroying his legitimate means of living ,- hut compensating him for his losses by opening upto his wife employment in a' cotton factory . . Bis thirty or forty shillings ; as a skilled Block Printerwas taken from him , by the
introduc-, tion of machinery and steam power into his trade ; and he was liberally ; compensated by the employment of his young , wife in a cotton factory , at a wage of ten or twelve shillings per week . All the natural usages of a civilised society in this , as in a thousand similar instances , were rudely violated for tbe aggrandisement of capital , and the working classes are coolly required to submit to these manifest robberies for the public good . It is not possible to assign limits to the advance of scientific and mechanical improvements , for they do not advance at a sufficiently ' accelerated speed . We would wish to see manual labour , in all
its most painful and revolting , ; exemplifications , absolutely superseded by mechanical agency , but we are curious to discover the legislative Wisdom which , shall . provide , for the due : maintenance of perhaps seven millions of industrious heads of families , whose means of subsistence for themselves , and some fifteen millions of those dependent upon them , depend upon their daily labour . We offer this for the calm consideration of the Messrs . Wilson , Cobden , Bright , and Co . Wo have also been led into these reflections by a case which has occupied some large portion of public attention , And baa been a fruitful source of much ridiculous
display of public sympathy . We allude to the case of tbe London Coopers , who , it appears , ate not sufficiently patriotic to sacrifice themselves at the shrine of " public good . " The Coopers of Great Britain are a well-organised body , and , by their organisation , have been able to maintain their wages from any very material infringement ! And it appears , also ; that tbey have-imbibed , tbe " wooden" Men that the introduction of machinery into their trade , tb which each of tbem have sacrificed seven ' of the best years of their lives , however beneficial to their employers and the public at large , would be to them an unmitigated injury . They , therefore , have taken defensive measures against the approach of , to them , an undisguised enemy . " It then appears that one Charles Evans joined tbat sooietyyof course
with a full knowledge , and appreciation of their laws and policy . A Mr . Rosenborg introduces a machine by which the labour of the Coopers would he depreciated , without any compensating equivalent . The Coopers are coolly expected to offer up themselves a sacrifice , for the especial benefit of Mr . Rosenhurg and the public good—a ' sacrifice which wo think neither Mr , Kosenburg northe public havo any rig ht to expect . ¦ It appears ; however , that Charles Evans is willing to give his services to Mr . Kosenburg , to assist in working a machine by which the , labour of perhaps 'hundreds of his fellow workmen : and brother associates would be superseded , aud , at the same time , in-opeh vio .-lati ' on of tbe rules of the society , which he had in honour pledged himself to observe . ! Of course , the
Coopers treat him as a renegade and a wastrel . They properly re-fuse to work in : the same' shop sith so thoroughly a dishonourable character . Wherever he appears , they fly in a body , as froma moral ! contagion . This appears : like a concerted conspiracy ; and by the promptings tand the purss of Mr . Rosenburg , and other ? masters , certain of the coopers arc indicted for . a conspiracy to destroy and to impoverish the immaculate CharlesiEvans . As a matter of course a verdict is , obtained against the . men , ' and , various slight .. punishments are awarded , The men issue from theinprison with all the odour of martyrdom , and aro : petted and'fSted by their fellow workmen , and the renegade Charles Evans is no nearer employment than before . He is universally despiied by all honest : men , and rid
master , can employ him . ( notwithstanding their deep , sympathy ) hut at the sacrifice of their tradea requirement too large even for their excessive virtue and charity ; ... Charles ^ Evans . is advised to appeftl to a ' magistrate , Mr .., Yardley ,-of the Thames rolice-court , and a flood ofVrirtuous indignation is drawn froin that worth y functionary ; r '¦ The wounds of the sensitive Charles Evans are salved * over by the very improper appropriation of 10 s . irom the poor box ; and sundry sympathetic contributions are announced from several foolish ' sympathisers' with cowardice and dishonour . . . c ; ' •; : f , r"i u . " - ' ;¦ - ¦ * - K ' The magistrate , Mr . Yardley / ; indulged , in very Unnecessary and impertinent remarks upon the conduct and policy , of the Coopers' Society ; which can only ; be excused by the supposition of his utter
ignorance , ot their position . -But -the . following paragraph , which we extract from' the Tim es ot the jlthinst ., will ; we think , / . clearly . exonerate' the Coopers' Society from , any .,, im . due : rjensitireneM Upon the question of . machinery , from the imminent danger to which they ( asajrade in , which ^ they had . invested each of them the ,- value of > sevens vears ' of the most valuable period , 6 f , their lives ) - were exposed by the policy of Mr . . Rostjnburg , backed bythe awvatanco of tbeir . worthless , and dishonoured associate—ChariesEvans . , . \ - .- < . , ..- .-., -...- ? y ;;^ ' « ExmAoBauufiv Coopkbaob . —The appl ' catioh' of science to the increased production' ! of ' articles'
necessary for commerce , has rarel y been exhibited in a more slriking . way-thahiby'a patented 'invention for constructingicasks , . . barrels , ' r ^ ctaowa ; and everything jn tbe-eooperage line , in a ' sp .-ice of time which literally baffles beliefiiw One of fchemabhihes is at present in operation at the St . ' -Rolldx'works . ' An onlooker must be astonished to find the staves of an brdinary r size cask : < prapared ; put " - together ; and headed in a little more than ten minutes . The thing is perfect ^ tha cutting and jointing are done with mathematical precision , and all the hand really has to do is to arrange the staves and fix the heads , all the rest is accomplished by machinery , and with
National Association Of United Trades. T...
SO Utile trouble , that the article is finished before one could fancy that a hoop was on . The mechanism , like tbat of almost all important inventions , is exceedingly simple ; the only tvoudcr is , when it is examined , how so clear and easy a mode of doing a great deal of work with a small amount of labour has not been hit upon before now . We cannot well describe tho instrument and its adjuncts without diagrams , but it is an invention well worthy of notice , because it saves manual labour , and gives a great amount of reliance on vessels not leakinggreat desiderata to those engaged in a trade where extensive cooperage is required . The patentee of this invention is Mr . James Robertson , formerly of Liverpool . The machine has been in operation for a considerable timo at the brewery of Messrs . Tennant , of Well Park , and the chemical works of Messrs . Tennant , of St . Roliox , where it has been found to answer every purpose the patentee anticipated . "— Glasgoiv Chronicle ' .
Acts of folly or of infamy , are frequently contagious . A vagabond shoots at the Queen , a score of scamps are envious of the same unenviable notoriety ; a fool jumps from tho monument , and excites a momentary celebrity , instantly rushes a cloud of baso imitators ; and thus the successul fraud upon public sympath y by the mendicant Onarles hunt , stimulates another fellow who writes to the Timet under the signature of " R . K . ;" but as this fellow ' s mare ' s nest is so neatly and thoroughly routed by our talented friend , Mr . Aewton , we cannot do better than claim the privilege of the editor of the - Star for tho insertion of tho letter of " li . k ., " and Mr . Newton ' s comptetely cffwtvie a-nswer : — " COMBINATION OP WORKMEN . i _ _ . " 10 1 KB EDITOR OP THE TIMES .
' , > ~ Tne ' rious trade societies of workmen employed in the manufacture of steam engines aud machinery , have recently become united , and formed into a general bod y . This is called the " amalgamation . " Young men who have worked for a short period at a trade have the privilege of becoming members , whilst tho older workmen are rejected and not allowed to enter . Those who havo arrived at the age of forty are charged a considerable sum for admission , which thoy are not able to pay , and none are admitted after forty > five . To he excluded from the society is to be excluded from
the trade , as the foremen at nearly all tbe shops are society men , having been admitted as " honorary " members . There are a great number of good and experienced workmen who are thus deprived of the means of obtaining a livelihood , as they can get no employment . I am a pattern maker , and am one of the victims of this combination . I havo suffered great distress in consequence of it , and know not what course to pursue . . ' * If publicity is given to this statement , I shall sincerely hope that these unjust proceedings will not be allowed to be long continued . "April 13 . « « R . K . "
; " Sir , —Your sense of justice will no doubt cause you to allow an answer to " JR . K . ' s" communication of this day , to be inserted in your widely circulated journal . " He says—that' young men are admitted into the Amalgamated Society of Engineers , Ac , but that old workmen are not allowed to enter ; ' that 1 those at the age of forty arc charged a considerable sum , and none admitted after tho age of fortyfire . Now , Sir , I enclose you a copy 0 ? our rules , the last page of which contains a scale of entrances gradually ascending from the ago of twenty-five to tho age of forty , the lowest being 15 s ., and tho highest £ 2 10 s . The reason of this is obvious enough . We pay to members in case of sickness the sum of 10 s . per week for twenty-six weeks , and 5 » . per week for other twenty-six weeks during the year . Wo pay to members thrown out of
employment through a depression of trade , 10 s . per . week for fourteen weeks , and 7 s . per week for twelve weeks during each year . We pay to a member if he meets with an accident while following his employment , £ 100 ; and to members who are afflicted with paralysis , epilepsy , or blindness , the sum of £ 50 , four oi which cases we have paid £ 200 for during the past month . - One of the societies now amalgamated paid to , its unemployed members " ^""• during those unprosperous years 1848 and 1849 , the suu . of fsri . 000 ; each member receiving at ; the , rate of £ 20 per yea , , „ nd it i g Jn eons ( f . pence Of these large benefits being guaiuiuecato members that the amount of entrance money is regulated by the ago of tho person , a practice advised by all statisticians who have directed their attention to friendly societies . ...
"Your correspondent further says— 'That to be excluded from the society is to be excluded from the- trade , as tho foremen of nearly all the shops are society , men , having been admitted as honorary members ; ' , By our rules you will perceive that we do not admit men as ' honorary members' at all . We have both foremen and . masters in our society , but all are admitted on tbe same terms as tho humblest member , pay the same amount of money , and are entitled to the same benefits . So muchfor the misrepresentation of our society .
"Your correspondent farther says , that 'he is one of the victims of this combination , ' I deny it , sir . I defy him . to point to a single instance of any Pattern Maker being discharged because he was not a . member of a society , All men have equal liberty to work at the trade of Pattern Making who are good : and experienced workmen ; and / unless R . K . ' has been discharged because he was not an efficient workman , 1 challenge him to give an instance of his being discharged for any cause but a . want of employment . ¦
' " Our society numbers "' 8 , 500 * members . We are imbued with a desire to act fairly both to our fellow workmen and our employers ,- and if ' R . K . ' is desirous to obtain employment , and is able to work when , he has ft to do , there is plenty of work for him , as his department of trade . hr fully employed . But I fear , sir , that as . jv feelirig . hafl lately been excited un favour , of . men who . allege persecution on the pa ^ 'bf . societies of / forking men ; that this is ail endeavour to take advantage of that feeling , in
the hope that tho . - 'limes maybe called upon to annouhce ;¦ ¦ * . series . of donations , made to the police poor-box for 'Ri K . / who has . been persecuted by the engineers' society . I am desirous that no such odium should rest upon us , and therefore trust you will insert this communication ; and if' R . K . ' will call upon me I undertake to say ( if he is what he represents himself to be ) that he can obtain employment within a fey days .: "lam , sir , your obedient servant , ' ' ¦ J ' , ' . . "' . . . . - ' - 'W . ffawxoif . •' ' "Phoenix , Ratcliff-cross , April 14 . " .
. ; We are no enemies to the most extended advance of scientific and mechanical improvements ; we hail , with sincere , delight , every application of science and skill that has a tendency to soften the rigours , or expurgate , us fronUhe penalty of tbe primeval cur-sen- ' . 'by the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat thy brjjad . ' , ' -.: -.. .... - •¦ ' Wd . claimfov the workin g classes a right to bo participators in any deliveranceTrom this universal sentence , and we ; commend and justify their resistance to any attempt b y ; a fragment of society to monopolise a special exemption frem a general condemnation . i . - ' .. We know a short and easy road to an effective remedy for this and a \ thousand evils which labour is hqir to—Union ! : Such an . union ' as would give to . labour the undisputed power to
mako machinery its slave instead of its destroyer . Y . Wjj ? i ? ' > . with ¦ all - ducrespecr ; but with all earnestness , press this question upon'the leading men of ' the .. . Trades . ; ot Groat Britain . ¦ We appeal to the common sense of tho intelligent ; mechanics . of- England , ; , whether . .- they -consider that £ 36 , 000 was . -wisely expended — so- unproductiyely . ' ; Its expenditure docs not appear to iis to have , removed a feather ' s weight from the surplus labour which has been . gradually bringing down this , favoured trade to the ordinary level . - ' Its expenditure has relieved the Poor ' s Rates , ' without elevating the recipients , or inthe slightest degree removing ^ lessening an acknowledged evil . ' On the very first , reactionary movement ; of the approach of wjlioh " no man can predicate , another £ 36 , 000 will be . required , , t 6 perform the . same unsatisfactory function ' , . . ¦! .. " ,, ,. . . . .. .
, '' As . the abstract principle of national organisation is . ^ . generally acknowledged by . 'the most intelligent of . the working-class , leaders , for the sake of Consistency let us . have an united effort'to realise an admitted , necessity .. ; Its realisation would at phce ,. almost without effort , effectually grapple with thelmosiptoroiuent-eyilsto " Which the ' interest of labour "sinew ; sacrificed . ; , , / ,,- ; :, , ; i •!• : ¦ ' .: ' Tho supply ' of , labour . could-be at ohce > accurately adjusted , ; in , all grades , to-. the demand ; asteady tariff of prices would be the necessary consequence , theivrifating and unse ' emlydisputes between labour and . capital wouhi be superseded , and > a healthy and invigorating stimulus given to every description of nbmein ^ nufactu ]? e . " - ! There . might he heard S 01 B 0 rumblings arid grumblinea , of disappointed profitmongoYSjibut their complainings would be drowned ' amid , tbjeicheerful hum ofthe : reanimated working
bees . of . the'human hive . Labour , so'long and so ; deeply , oppressed , would lift up ) its head- " again , and society , ithrbugh its length and its . breadth , would rejoice in iita deliverance . . M , A fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' gjlabou ' r" . ifl . not either an unreasonable ' of ' ah impracticable demand . , It waits for its-fulfilment for th ' e ' patriotisin and activity of the chosen andtrusted ' e'hiefs of the ariny of labour , c . •>¦ ; ' n : The talented Burk e mourned .-. that ! the r-V Age'of chivalry wrfs . ' passed . " - Where , alasj . is thoichivalry of labour ?'* 'It lies ' buried amidst the fiordi & avarice of offi & inivan . dthe $ ? all ambition . which , -, is glorified by Igcoi 'distinction . r y . ( 7 , w . ' - .. ; . v . ' : r ; r - There = fcever wasa ' finer opening for the largeminded , generous-hearted of the working classes bursting their trammels of pride and prejudice and placing themselves at the head of a movement des tined to emancipate labour from its derradedand spiritless position . If chivalry was not indeed ex-
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tuwst among the wretched thralls of labour , hero is a mission that might satisfy the highest aspirings of the most ambitions , if no worthier motive could rouse men to action . Wo believe , wo know , that the working classes generally ar 0 prepared and waiting to bo led to somo well-considered and rational movement whereby their apparent doom to utter pauperism may bo arrested . In addition to the adhesion of tho Bobbin Turners Of Iteswichi and further applications from several bodies of Boiler Makers , the Central Committee havo , this week , received tho most gratifying assurancos of support to enable tbem to meet " the Pony prosecutions . We believe wo shall oomo out of the ordeal unscathed in person and in honour and that tho cause of National Labour Union wili receive a renewed impetus from our persecution . 26 "!? . Tottenham-court-road . Wm . Peel , Sec .
Manchester Financial And Parl1amestary R...
MANCHESTER FINANCIAL AND PARL 1 AMESTARY REfORM ASSOCIATION . On Thursday night » meet ng of tbe Manchester Financial and Parliamentary Reform Association was held in tho Free Trade-hall . The Hall was crowded in every part . Mr . M . Gibson and Mr . Bright , the City members , addressed the meeting at groat length , after which tho following resolution was adopted : — " That this meeting cordially thanks the Right Hon , T , M , Gibson and J . Bright Esq ., for the zeal , talent , and faithfulness with whicn they have on all occasions advocated and supported the principles to promote which they were returned to Parliament ; it encourages them to go on in the same course , and pledges itself to use all legal and proper moans to return them at the next election . " The immense meeting separated at eleven o ' clock .
The Sunday Trading Biu,.—Impoutmrr Meeti...
The Sunday Trading Biu ,. —iMPOuTMrr Meeting in Wesimixster . —On Thursday night an adjourned meeting of delegates , from various parts of the metropolis , was held at the Blue Anchor , Yorkstreet , Westminster , for tbe purpose of taking into consideration the many and important alterations made by the Select Committeo ^ of the House of Commons in the bill introduced by Mr . Wi ! liams M . P ., for the prevention of unnecessary Sunday trading . Mr , Houscgo , of the Broadway , butcher , who was unanimously voted te the chair , called oa the secretary to inform the meeting whether any and what alterations had been made in the bill by tbo select committee of the House of Commons . Mr . Haymon , the secretary , thon stated that the report of tbe select committee was brought up on
Monday last , and the details of tbe measure would bo submitted to the whole house on the 30 th inst . It was with deep regret ho felt called upon to state that three important alterations had been made by the select committee . As the bill now stood , the present disgraceful practice of publicly hawking and crying fruit , ginger beer , pastry , water cress , Ac , would be continued the entire day , except be « tween tho hours of ten and one o ' clock . In the original bill these articles were allowed to be sold and publicly exposed , but not hawked or cried . The clause which closed hair-dressers' shops at ten o ' clock in the morning has been entirely struck out of the hill , so that many thousands of hair-dressers and their unfortunate apprentices would he denied any relief and doomed to perpetual toil , unless they thought proper to petition the
Legislature to be included in the bill . Tho next alteration was the , most important of any , and to which ho would advise the meeting to confine its chief attention . It would allow shops for the sale of articles of consumption to remain open till ten a . m . The promoters of the bill denied that any case could he made . out to justify Sunday trading , but he ( Mr . Haymon ) would take on himself to say , a bill confining the sale of articles of food to before nine o ' clock in the morning , and closing all othes shops entirely , would meet the wishes of a largo majority of those for whom he had the honour to act , but certainly at no later period of the day ,
3 neso were the principal alterations made in the bill . Resolutions were passed asserting the inefi > ciency of the altered bill , and a petition to the House of Commons was adopted , praying that the clauses might not be made less stringent . The Case op l . J . flAifSARjB . —A meeting" ofths industrious classes was held on Thursday night at tbe Bell Inn , Old Bailey , to promote subscriptions Uu l j phalf of Mr . Hansard , whoso philanthropic * exertions i „> r' «* vmty , it was considered , rendered it a greatful duty of ti , » w ^ g m < m f London to combine and assist him in u ; e ^ resent difficulties . Resolutions were passed with this vk-w , < ... ; m tufl close of the raeetiag additional subscriptions were
announced . Abultebatio'ss . —The last investigations of tha Lancet on the subject ot adulterations havo been di * reeled to mustard , flour , and bread , and in thosoin * stances tho results on the whole are leas disagree * able thaa might perhaps have been anticipated . Still , however , the facts are such as to show tha importance of the inquiries undertaken . With regard to mustard , it has beon ascertained tbat the article is scarcely ever to he obtained genuine , whatever may bo the price paid for it . Out of forty-two samples , purchased indiscriminately , thd whole were adulterated with immense quantities of wheaten flour , highly coloured with turmeric , tha specimens in tinfoil packages , and labelled " fine Durham mustard , " or " double superfine , "
containing , with the exception of much husk , scarcely anything else . In connexion with bread and flour , the conclusions arrived at were unexpected * Out of forty-four samples of wheat flour ( including several of French and American ) purchased in all quarters of the metropolis , not a single instanca was detected of admixture with any other farina , or of ithe presence of spurious matters of any kind . It is admitted , therefore , that millers ahd . comdealers are somewhat mali gned . As respects bread , however , the results were not so . favourable . Although its adulteration with alum is an offence liable to a penalty of £ 20 . this material was found in every one of the examples exanu ' lied , the Objects for which ifc is used being to give bad flour tha white appearance of the best , and to enable the
bread made from it to retain a larger proportion of water , so as to gain in weight . The ' number of samples was twenty-four , and in ten of these the quantity was very considerable , while in all oases it was such as to be injurious to health , the operation of the drug being to interfere with the activity : of the digestive functions . This article ' oi adulteration , however , appears to be the only ona generally employed in bread , neither potato , nor any other inferior farinaceous matter , nor carbonate or sulphate of lime being found—ah improved state of affairs , which is most probably owing to the cheapness of flour caused by free trade . At tha same time an examination of the weight of bread as delivered at houses shows that upon an averagi there is a deficiency of from two and a half to three
ounces m every quartern loaf . Manchester Trades' Protection Bocibit . —Tha Provisional Committee . pf the Manchester Trades ' Protection Society held their weekly , meeting on Tuesday evening last , at the house of Mrs .. Atkinson , Chapel-street ; Lloyd-street , when a numerous collection of Trades' deputies were present . The report of progress was of a very cheering description , and bids fair "to bring into existence a very . ' powerful union of labour ' s sons . At the conclusion of the meeting ; Mr . Dickenson was requested to draw out an address to the Trades of England , in the name of the Provisional Committee , and solicit the editor of the Aor tAern Star to publish the same in-his valuable journal hoxt week , " .. ' " ..,.. ¦ Coroners' iHquEssB , —The following ' are
thereturns ot the number of Coroners' Inquests in tha - principal towns in England in the iyear 1849 , ac-, cording ito a parliamentary paper printed on Monday at the instance of Mr , Sotheron : —B'irmvnB- , ham , 357 ; population in ; l 8 it , ' 182 ; 698 , Kingston- ' upon-Hull 108 ; population , 67 , 093 . Liverpool . 502 ; population , 319 , 463 ; Manchester , 373 , . population ,: 242 , 982 . Nottingham , " 86 ; : population ' ; 52 , 164 , Plymouth , 55 ; populatibn ; 36 ; 521 . Shrewsbury , Si '; population ,. 14 , 680 ; Westminster / 3 f 6 j population , 207 , 951 . ¦ York , 52 ; population , ' 29 , i 35 .. . . ; . _ St . AmSans EtECTioN . ' ^ On Tuesday evening the . witness Edwards was conveyed . in , a cab ; by . Cap- ' , tain Gossett , Deputy 'Sergeant ^ Avms ,. and Mr ... Poigndestre , between six and seven o ' clock , . from .:
what is ; termed fhV'fprisoh" ,. . of ;; the j House of .. Commons , consisting of two '' comfortable , and neatly > furnished roomsl ' to Newgate . " Be was said toba .-. sadly , * ' cut'up" at the occurrence . The . ' * prison " - haa not lifeenVcWpkdJ ^ cej . Siailjh O' Bnen wag th . ere . j ,: ! 1 ' ' ; " - ; ' : ;;^; " , ' , ' w r . ¦ . ' ,: ¦ : ¦ •« i- - ¦ . ' .. . i ^ , ; ., Mr ; -Mackav Ate ' . iHB . CpiiqN ... I ^ quiax » —The ^ Jkntiay Gazette flayV :- ~' . ' Mr ; Mackay , ? , the -, cottoa . -- J con > migsibner , has commenced his labours : ! he baa j ' fls t . gonftd-Su ' ra ^ ana u . 8 . tha . t howashusilyeng agedJere . i 4 makingh > : i quinesandtakingnotes . ^ , Oathe . I 2 thof March 1 . wa 8 ; toha re ; left # uf ^ ^^^ ¦ it theobject of his mission ;"' " "' '' ¦ ? ro seCu - "M ^ wSEsssassg ^^ Swf ' uxj wiwn
* o ,, j - . ; * iz , a « 8 i Livernnfit " ' * mYifr * Manchester , £ 117 . 938 Oldbam-I «? iV * P * P £ 17 ; 58 ^ RochdaKl ^! SoTLlf ^ f ; L ^ » f ^ s ^ s ^^ a g ^ fesasstejf 3 ! r $ ^ nQe . Vb | mberlam to ! the qneen .-andisifrhimth Sto- ' 'P |^ P * v ineedisc « cel y bb ' addea ' tSt Lord Edward is a Roman Catholio . ~ 3 Vm « . flfld w TSam oeen engaged during the pr * « ent week for a number of the French police , who are intended to be located in the metropolis during tbe period tbe Great Exhibition remains open . The i * nosa the saw ot contention is " drawn , the hotter it grows . —Matthew Henry .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 19, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_19041851/page/5/
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