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A THE NORTHERN STAR, December 19, IA* o ...
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Cralres* jHobemenre. ,
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LABOUR IN NEW YORK. IT* CIECUHSTAHCES, C...
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TO THE £DITOB OF TBE SORTHEBS STAB.
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Fkwhtpul AccmENi by Machinery.—On Monday...
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Cont^onKmc^
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THE DEFENCE FUND-DEBT, 'r TO TUB EDITO* ...
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WHAT THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS THINK. "...
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TO THE ROMAN CATHOLIC HIERARCHY OF IRELA...
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'Jtftlft iHteimas*
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Poor Man's Guardian Rocif.it.—A nublic m...
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FiEin-LANK Raggb» ScnooL.-The fifthJannu...
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ANOTHER DEATH FROM DESTITUTION. An inque...
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An Ukwelcomb Visitor.—Last week the iHma...
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iitarftet intelKseitce*
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CORN EXCHANGE, December 14. Great excite...
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PROVINCIAL MARKETS. Richmond (Yorkshire)...
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STATE OF TRADE. Lbeos.—The cloth markets...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
A The Northern Star, December 19, Ia* O ...
A THE NORTHERN STAR , December 19 , IA * o - __ . ^ ' " _ — - — ———¦—^— . ^—^ m ^^» - _ — " ¦ " ^ ' ^ l ^ i ^
Cralres* Jhobemenre. ,
Cralres * jHobemenre . ,
Labour In New York. It* Ciecuhstahces, C...
LABOUR IN NEW YORK . IT * CIECUHSTAHCES , COMHTIOH 8 , » SD KWAKS . ( From the Ttibune . )
No . L—TBE SEAMSTRESSES . There are in this City , according to the closest estimates that can be made , ten thousand women who exis * on what they can earn by the needle . The following are the prices for which a majority of these families are compelled to work—they being such as are paid b y t h * large depots for shirts and clothing ia Chatham-street and elsewhere : For making Common White and Chocked Cotton Shirts , sut cents each . Common Flannel Undershirts , the same . These are cut in such a manner as to make ten seams in two pairs of sleeves . A common fast seamptress can make two of these shirts per day . Sometimes very swift hands , by workin ? from sunrise to midnight , can make three . This is equal to 75 cents per week ( allowing nothing for hohflaxs , sickness , accidents , being out of work , & C . ) for the first class , and ldoLMlcents for the other . _ stitched
Good Cotton Shirts , with Linen Bosoms , neatly , arc made for twcnty . five cents . A good seamstress will m .. ke one in a day . Urns earning Idol . 50 cents per week , bv constant labour . Fine Linen Shirts , with Plaited Bosoms , which cannot be made bv the very best hand in less than fifteen or eighteen hours steady work , are paid fif-y cents each . Ordinary hands make one shirt of this kind in two days . Dock Trowsers , Overalls , & c , eight and ten c « nts eat-h . Dwwers and Undenhirts . both Flannel and Cotton , from six to eight cents at the ordinary shops , and 12 J at the best . One garment is a day ' s work for someothers can make two . Teste , 25 to 50 cents—the latter price paid only for work of ths very best quality . Good bands make one a day . Thin Coats are made for 35 to 57 $ cents a piece .
Heavy Pilot-cloth Coats , with three pocketi , 1 donor each . A Coat of this kind cannot be made under three dais . Cloth Roundabouts and Pea-jackets , 25 to 50 cents , three can be made in two days . A great number of females are employed iu nicking Mens * and Boys' Caps . By constant labour fifteen or eighteen boars a day they can make from 14 to 25 cents . "We are told by an old lady who has lived by this kind of work a long time , that when she begins at sunrise and works till midnight she can earn 14 cents , a day .
A large majority of these women are American born , from the great middle class of life , many of whom have once been in comfortable and even affluent circumstance ? , and have been reduced by the death or bankruptcy of husbands and relatives , and « ther causes , to such straits . Many of them are the wives of shipmasters and other officers of vessels . Other * ftre the widows of mechanics and poor men , and have children , aged mothers and fathers , & c , to support , by their needle . Hanj have drunken husbands to add to their burdens and afflictions , and to darken every faint gleam of sunshine tiut domestic affection throws even into the humblest atwde . Others have sick and bed-ridden husbands or children , or perhaps have to endure the agony of receiving home a fallen daughter or an outlawed son suddenl y checked in his career of vice .
The manner in which these women live—the squalidnes = and unhealthy location and nature of their habitations—the inadtqoateness of their food and clothing — the impossibility of providing for any the slightest recreation or moral or intellectual culture , or of educating - their children—can be easily imagined ; but we assure the public that it would require an extremely active imagination to conceive tbe reality . These women generally * keep house *—that is . they rent a single room , or perhaps two small rooms , in tbe Tipper story of some poor , ill-constructed , nnventilated house in a filthy street , c-instantly kept so by tbe absence of back yards and the neglect of the street inspector—where a sickening and deadly miasm pervades the atmosphere , and in summer render it totally unfit to be -inhaled by human lungs , depositing the seeds of debility and disease with every inspiration . In these rooms all the processes of ceeksng aad eating , sleeping , washing , woikiiig and living are indiscriminately performed .
for these rooms the tenants never pay les * than three to four and a half dollars per month—and pay they must and do . Some of the very worst single garrets , cfesUnite of closet or convenience of any kind , and perhaps only lighted by a hole cut in the roof , rent as low as two dollars a month . Of course evety cent of the icmates * famines is exhausted every week , and in many cases is not sufficient to boy any other food than a scanty supply of potatoes and Indian meal and molasses for the family . When winter comes , therefore , they are destitute of the means not only of adding comfortable clothing to their wretched wardrobes , bat of procuring an
ounce of fuel . Their work too , at this season , is frequently cut otf , aad they are left no resource hut the alms-house or a pauper-ticket fur bread and coal . Here , too , they aie too often baulked . The alms-house is full and overrunning—the pablic charities of all kiads are choldn . e with tlie fierce assaults of shivering and famished XS-sg-irv —? vbat can these poor women do ! We are truly told that when sometimes hunted out by the hand of private charity , they have been found so given over to hunger and despair at their repeated rebuffs from the £ lms-hnn <& or the overdriven commissioners that they fcad resolved to starve without farther effort . THE OPERATIVE BAKEItS .
To The £Ditob Of Tbe Sorthebs Stab.
TO THE £ DITOB OF TBE SORTHEBS STAB .
Snt , —if avansj observed in your paper rarxnus remarks and communications in reference to the agitation at present going on amongst the operative haki-rs in London for a limitation of the hours of labour , I feel so overjoyed that I cannot refrain from making a few remarks in regard to it . It would , however , be superfluous were 1 to enter into any 1- ngthent-d detail of the evils endured by ihe operative bakers in London , thtse being brought to light in tmat incisure at the public meeting reported in jour psper . The ' operativeg in Edinburgh have got a humane an 4 decerning public to sympathise with them in their endeavours to emancipate themselves from the tyrai-nica ! measures of a system , unjust , oppressive , and detrimental to the best interests of man . Although we couid bring forward no cases of such wanton cruelty as thoss mentioned at tbe said meeting , yet we had no power to retire from labour , bet when our employers those ; such was the position in which we stood in Edinburgh .
" Britons never shall be slaves , " so says the national anthem f but do we not see that the working man has been , aud is , the slave of the capitalist ! True , he cannot heboid in the same way as is done « n the Southern States of America ; but there are more ways of making slaves than one : and many of the capitalists of Britain are , to a certain extent , as guilty as the slaveholders of America . Are not such scenes as those depicted at the Pimlico meeting , enough to harrow up the feelings of the most callous and indifferent . To see men compelled to labour for such a length of time , save a brief interval on Lard boards ! Such wrongs , too , practise- ! in the met / op »] is of : t country calling itself free ! The pernicious effects of an irregular hour system is seen on every
operative baker . His sallow countenance betokens an overwrought frame ; his wan look tells too truly of the evils he endures ; his depressed appearance shows plainly that be is one of the slaves of capital ; xnd his barren mind is cot feat of intellectual , progressive man . Ought not snrh tilings to be r-rVulutionisad , and the operative baker r-j-td up to that itolas in soiiety which they ought to occupy ? The CKJptovers may try to convince the public that , owing to the nature of the baking trade , it is imp : issshie to have regular hour- —so argued the employers of XMhiburgh , and other towns in Scotland ; hat what siiiiin-s arguments such as tin sc , seeing they have proved f-iHarfuus : and—• 'Facts are things that winna ding ,
And douna be disputed ;" smi if practicable in Sce & iud , it is practicable in London ; an ! I trust that the-oyeratives in London will shew t-i their employers that they are determintd no longer to s & LieU to the despotic arrangements to which they have be =-n subjected . May die never forget that ' union is streuirti : I" and under ths banner of unity may they go forward , proclaiming to tlie world that they will no longer en-: ur < s it , but that tbey must and will have the liberties they are entitled to . By the insertion of the above vmi will much oblige Your obedient Servant , WlIXIi-H F . CCTHBEETSOn , Secretary of the Edinburgh Branch of the Operative Bakers' Association of Scotland .
TBE UNITED SGCIETX OF J 0 CB £ EY « EN BASKET MAKERS ., The storm which at present is gathering over our Union , and threatening to annihilate the few Advantages we have already gained , will he my excuse for troubling yon with this short letter . ¦ Perhaps , no trade ( in proportion to our number ) has ever been threatened with a more formidable coalition of employers than basket making at present . I am no " alarmist , "Mr . Editor , buty * tl have every reason to believe that the masters meditate a general turnout , for the express -purpose of breaking up our Union . That they will fail in their attempt is quite certain , if not assisted by certain soulless isdividuals of our own ranks ; and tlie reason I write is to express my disapprobation of
the conduct ot a few . { who for the present shall be name , less ) who liKve already , like cowards sneaked out of our ranks to avoid the contest . N ow , what do tho men erp : c : to gain by deserting us in such a position ? By way of convincing them of their error and hastening their return , we will suppose the worst—we will suppase that the masters do beat as , will they in that case fare better than wo shall ? will the masters givo them higher wages , or treat tiiem with jjrsater respect than they will those who have InMIy stood their jjrouiri ? or will the ? in fact gain anything which we shall not gain ! Yes , they will gaifi v . iiat v . < j shall not they will gain ths marked contempt of all iwn-mralrie men , and will u-i doubt receive ths rewar-l of their treachery no . n die very masters they jn-iv tiioj shivishlv serve .
Ineo : i = ! -nioii i would say , men , stand to your position , and you iiav ^ nothing to lose but all to gain—desert your position and yoaliac ^ all to lj & £ - That ? h * ss rem irks oa the su-yect tniy h iv-j the effec t © f briuil . _ back . ths runaway-: & et \> rj their names ar e
To The £Ditob Of Tbe Sorthebs Stab.
posed , or checking any who may feel ^ wa eriug , i » the sincere wish of A Jobm « ww . Edinburgh . r ....... ., IMPORTANT TO TH ? MEMBERS OF TH E < S 0 ft » - WAINERS GENERAL MUTUAL ASSIST ANCE
ASSOCIATION . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERS BTAB . It wil be in the memory of i those readers ° ^ e Star who interest themselves in . trades' movements ^ bat a « trin * of resolutions , p urporting to emana e from the Boot and Shoemakers of Manchester , but which , in reality turns out to be only from the Women , ' Mens branc h ) condemnatory of the character of the General Secretary of the above named association , appeared in tour paper of the 17 th of October last . It will be nec «» - isu-y here to state , that in September last , these men put certain questions to the said secretary concerning the accounts of the association , which questions arose entirely out of tbe printer ' s uxor in the balance sheets . The general secretary replied to them by letter , stating
at the same time , that if bis answers were not satisfactory , he would go down . at his own expense to Manchester , and take with him the books of the association , together with the receipts for all monies that passed through his hands during his time of office . Nutwith . standing which , the resolutions alluded to above appeared in the Star , but no sooner did tlie general secretary see them there , than he at once repaired to Manchester , and on his arrival appealed against their proceedings , whereupon a General Delegate Meeting was called of all the sections in Manche 6 ter , namely , tbe Grecian Head , Pack Horse , Oxford Road , and Hat and Feathers . When the delegates assembled , the general secretary demanded an tn masse meeting of the men of
Manchester , which was at once denied : it was then moved by Mr . Pemherton , and seconded by seme o'her delegate , « « That the accounts be gone into , by the delegates assembled , to ascertain whether a general meeting was requisite or no . " Motion carrkd . It was next requested by the general secretary , that any man who had already made him guilty should not-be placed on his jury again ; that , too , was refused : so he was obliged to submit to having the same men , whose names appeared in the denunciatory resolutions in ths Star , again placed in the triple capacity of judges , jurors , and accusers . However , the accounts were gone into , and the following is a copy of the resolution founded upon the inquiry . A Mahchkstbb Shopuite *
Resolvio , — " That this meeting having heard the explanations of Mr . Clark respecting the monetary affairs of tbea » ociation , and having examined his accounts and receipts , are of © pinion that the said explanations are highly satisfactory , and clearly exonerate Mr . Clark from any blame , and ; that this meeting lay before their respective sections such explanations , and forward this resolution to London , to be used * s Mr . Clark may deem proper . " ( Signed ) ¦ Lures Callav , Secretary . Octohar 20 th , 1816 . Thomas Rocbke , President of the Grecian Head . John Padoh , "J John Fletcher , > Committee . Ulick Bobke , j Edwabd Cahill , President of the Pack Horss . Samuel Pehbe » toh , \ Cbableb Bull ( . __
. „ T „ ' > Committee . Archibald Pabk , ( Jobs Johnson , ) Isaac Mobbicb , President of the Oxford Road . John Pebkan ,, "I Thomas Wbioht , > Committee . Fxakcis Tinan , ) Geosoe Walkeb , President of the Hat & Feathers Geobge Gotno , I Geoboe O'Neul , y Committee . John Boweh , ) John Hbalet , Chairman .
Meetihc op Faciobt Wobkees . — On Monday even , ing a very numerous meeting of the factory operatives of this town and district , was held in the Town-hall , for the purpose of taking into consideration the propriety of calling upon the manufacturers to commence working short time , in order to avoid the great mischief of stopping altogether , or of having to submit to a reduction of wages . The chair was occupied by Mr . John Mills , an operative , who addressed the meeting at some length . He referred to the period of 1842 , when all the considerable taills in the district were working two , three , and four days a week , and many were entirely stopped . That State of things continued for two successive years . The workhouses were filled with pauper * , and in that town alone there were upwards ef 1 , 000 cottage-beuses
untenanted . He felt quite certain that , unless something was done , the remit of the present crisis would be more disastrous . After alluding to some statements is reference to the cotton trade , he concluded by reading a letter from Mr . Charles Hindley , the Member for Ashton , after which the fallowing resolution was unanimously adopted : — "That in the opinion of this meeting it is highly desirable , both for the welfare of employers and employed , that we work short time for a season , seeing , as we do , that tbe price of cotton has advanced much more than the price of yarns and manufactured goods , and that unless a stop be put to the sp .-calations in the raw material , it will end in loss of capital to the employers , and consequently a very large number of operatives will be thrown out of employment . " After some farther proceeding , tbe meeting separated .
Fkwhtpul Accmeni By Machinery.—On Monday...
Fkwhtpul AccmENi by Machinery . —On Monday as John Derrick , a workman in Mr . Henderson's iron and tin-plate works , Birmingham , wa 9 wheeling offa barrow . loaded with iron fasgots . the barrow swayed on one side , and threw him head foremost against a large pair of shears , worked , as is usual , by steam , and constantly going . lie was thrown in such a position , that to save his head from being crushed or cut off , he was compelled to thrust his hand and arm into the mouth of the shears—he did so—his hand and a part of his right arm were cut off , two or three inches abate the wrist . ACCIOKKT IN THE DORCHESTER RAILWAY TUNNEL . — On Saturday last another accident occurred in the above tunnel , to a man named John Stone , who was removing some plankings in the tunnel when a great portion of the earthwork fell in and completely buried him between the area and the side cuttings . It was upwards of half an hour before the man was dug out , and not the slightest hope of his recovery is entertained .
Mysterious Death . —A sad affair transpired at the residence of E . Wodehouse , ksq . M . P ., last week . Mr . Wodehouse resides at Thorpe , by Norwich , and in the service of his lady are three sisters . One ot these ( the lady ' s maid ) was found- a corpse in a private part of the premises , with her throat cut in a most dreadful manner , and only a few minutes after she had dressed her mistress , and had been observed to be in good spirits . There appears to be some mystery in the affair , and some attempts are being made to smother the matter , so far as the public are concerned . An inquest was held the next day before Air . Pilgrim , one of the county coroners , but at which none of the reporters of the public press were present , when the verdict of the jury was , "Thatthe deceased had cut her own throat in a state of temporary derangement . "
Education foe the Poor . —The National Incorporation Society for the Promotion of the moans of Education amongst the Humbler Classes , made a report , from which it appears that the society have advanced during the past mouth of November , " £ 466 , for the erection of thirteen schools and five residences for teachers , in the north of England , and . £ 383 for the support of other schools , as well as £ 2 . 800 recently expended on the training schools at Battersea and W'hitelands . Refuges res ran Houseless . —In consequence of the inclemency of the weather the three establishments at PlayhJuse yard , Whitecross-street ; Great
O ^ le-street , Foley-place ; and Glasshouse-street , East-Smithfield , were opened for the season on Monday night . There were admitted into the western asylum 22 , to the centre asylum 111 , and to that at theeoot end 8 i , all of whom were in a most destitute condition . The regulations are the same as in previous years , each applicant having the accommodation of a bed of hay in a wrapper of tarpauling , with tt skin of leather in which to envelope themselves , and which is found the most conducive to health as well as to cleanliness . A portion of bread is given to each jnmatenichtand morning , and those who remain in the institution on Sunday are supplied with an additional ration ef bread and cheese .
SEB 10 VS ACCIDEST AT THE QUEBS ' S TflEATHB , Tottenham-street . —At the close of the performance on Monday evening , a young man , about twenty years of age , namedSharpe , fell from the gallery into the pit , and was removed , to alhippearance dead , to the Middlesex Hospital ; the audience were leaving the theatre , so thatt & e unfortunate young man fell on tbe seats of the pit , and ns one else was injured . FRIGHTFUL Death . —Oc Saturday an inquest was taken at the London Hospital , on the body of William Whitelock , aged twenty-one years , an appren . tice to Messrs . iinitlej and Read , mast and
blockmakers , 'in Fore-street , Limehouse . On Friday morning last the deceased and several other men were employed in heaving a mast out of the warehouse into the river . The deceased was at the winch , and he incautiously left the " pall" of the crano on the ground , and before he could prevent the chain from running out , the motion of the handle instantly reversed , and struck the unfortunate young man a most violent blow on the head . lie was rendered in-Sensible , land before he could be conveyed to the above institution he expired . His head presented a most frightful appearance , it being literary smashed in . Verdict . " Accidental death . "
Dexterous Robbery in a Bank . — Last week a clerk of Messrs . Maun and Co ., commission agents in Manchester , went to Messrs . Jones Lloydj and Go's , bank , and presented a cheque for payment . He received in payment ten £ 5 notes and the remainder in gold . As the notes were first tendered him . he put them into an outside pocket of a Chesterfield coat , and whilst he was lioKlap'irse into which . the clerk of the bank was to put in the gold , some dexterous knave or other having seen Messrs . Munn ' s clerk so carelessly depo-it them contrived , whilst the gold was being put into ths bag , o extract the whole of the £ 3 notes , with which ho t clear off .
Cont^Onkmc^
Cont ^ onKmc ^
The Defence Fund-Debt, 'R To Tub Edito* ...
THE DEFENCE FUND-DEBT , 'r TO TUB EDITO * O * THB H 0 BTHB » 1 T STAB . Respected Sir , —It has been repeatedly proposed hy the people to do something to show our gratitude to Mr . O'Connor , for his many services to the working classes , and now the risBtcTiYESBBtofa iirialnfunctionary hath given us an opportunity of putting our good intentions into practice . I think we ought to remember , that it i * a KOod maxim , " be honest before you are charitable ;" then acting upon that maxim , I say , discharge a Debt which , by the by , is not very creditable to us as a body , and thus cheer our Chief in this his time of need . A « an caiy mode of doing 80 , 1 beg most respectfully to sug . gest the following plan . If any class is more indebted to Mr . O'Connor than another , I believe it is the
shareholders of the Land Company . By hia writings , his specchCC i and his lectures , jf hehai opened our eyes to the ValUBOf the LAND , ; and Showed us the means ofbecomlng independent of our taskmasters ; and consequently raised ui to our present proud position . I believe by this time we have nearly or quite 12 , 000 members , now if each shareholder was to tonlribute sixpence , 12 , 000 sixpence ? ¦ mount » o j £ 300 , which would more than cover the debt . But some ars ready to say , there are hundreds who cannot raise sixpence to give—I admit it ; but there are many , very many , who could give enough to make up for their poorer brethren , and thus raise enough to pay the debt , and have a trifle over to assist in satisfying the rapacious maw of one of the " Young Hannibals . " Hoping , Sir , that as we have often sung with
enthu-Biasm , " It was Feargus O'Connor was valiant then , We'll rally around him again and again . " We shall now do so , and show tho tyrants that if they attempt to injure the head , the whole body Will arise to bear him harmteis , and thus render their efforts futile . I remain , "If our humble and obedient Servant , Wh , Apams , Bristol , Deo . 14 , 1846 .
What The Agricultural Labourers Think. "...
WHAT THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS THINK . " A chiel'g amang ye takin' notes , An' faith he'll print ' em . " Man thinks nations are made up of men—classes and orders of society exist separately , but each order , to some extent , affects the thinking habits of others , and there , fore , the action of all are to some extent affected by thoie with whom they are surrounded . The country squire rides his full-bred hunter , and the village butcher , in imitation of the village lord , mounts bis half-fed pony . The village king handles his gun , and talks of pheasants and witus , the butcher loads and primes hUfowling piece , and discourses loud and long of hares and rabbits . The village blacksmith hints that it is quite pos « ible that the young equire may be a fool ; the shoemaker answers , that he is sure of it , and what is more , he is pretty confident that the parson is a rogue . The barber laughs and says I could have told you that long ago , but I thought everybody knew it . In a similar manner exists and
acts the train of thought , in every diviaion of society in the city , as in the village ; and in the cibinet , ai in the workshop . The external acts of men are an index to their internal thought , not in one particular , but in all ; in their asiemblies as well as in their households , and though we have not the thunder of open rebellion , nor the flash of swords wet with blood , we have signs in the atmoipdere telling us truly of a change , and signs too , all ominous for the future . Mind is acting on mind , and there is a coherent and evident bearing iu the thoughts of the people . The agricultural labourers , and the operative of tbe manufacturing districts , think like each other , differently educatedjandjliving estrangedfrom each other by many circumstances , yet both suffer from the same cause ; both have thought , and the voice of eternal nature has breathed within , and now speaks aloud to all , and will at assuredly effect a vhangs in the government and institutions of this country .
Reader , will you , with me , forsake the ordinary paths of research , leave the cumbrous but valuable statistic * o f wealth and misery on your book shelves , roam at leisure in the highways and byways of lift—be an observer of the people , and from them learn the signs of the times . In doing * oj I tfaall write to you , not fiction , but facts , in plain language pen the sayings of my fellow-labourers , and reflect , as nearly as lean , the tnoaghw and fceiiags of the people . It was the first of December of this year—a cold clear morning , when I left the old town of Bury St , Edmunds , and sauntered along tho turnpike-road leading to Thetford , in Suffolk . It was the day of Bury cattle fair , and scattered alonj the turnpike road were herds of oxen and droves of sheep ; the fields were bare , and everything looked chilled and . wintry . I observed before mo an agricultural labourer , who was driving some twelve or
fourteen stunted-lookinir Highland cattle , which are brought over by the Scotch drovers and sold to the English farmers , who fatten them for the market , and sell them , probably sometime in the fall or winter of next year . My friend , the labourer , was dressed in corduroy trousers and waistcoat with sleeves , covered by a coarse frock ; his hat had evidently sean some service , and his feet were encased in a pair of strong hob-nailed shoes . A cheap yellow cotton handkerchief was loosely tied round his neck , and in the spaee open between his frock and handkerchief could be seen part of a shirt clean and white as snow . He was a . stout man , between forty and fifty years of age , with a face neither prepossessing nor repulsive—a fair specimen of an Eng lish agricultnral labourer . Addressing him , I said , " ThiJ is a cold morning , Sir . " " Ye ? , master , it is very cold , " was the brief reply .
" The air smells wintery , I f * ar the cold weather has 5 et in . " " I fear it has , master , and we poor folks will feel it too . " " Oh , I don't doubt that , but it would be as pleasant to live in winter as summer if you were well housed , clothed , and fed . " "So it would , but we cannot g <; t victuals enough , and God knows there ia nothing to spare for clothes , and the farmers are too greedy to repair our cottages . " " So , you are a farm servant t " "Yes , I work for Mr . O— , his farm is along here about 5 miles from Bury , my name is , I have been 40 years In the same parish . " " What is your average wages about this part of the country ! " " I got Is . 81 . a day when at work , some men Is . Gd . " " Are you not engaged by the week then ? " "No , we are often idle at some seasons , and the farmers always pay by the day . "
''How the deuce do you manage to maintain a wife and family ?" "I often wonder how we do manage , as I have a wife and five of them ; it costs us 7 s . a week for flour , we cannot do with less than three stone of flour , and then we are often hard pinched for bread ; so jou will see there is not much left for clothing . " " Is it a large farm where you livel " " I live a mile from the farm , and pay £ 3 ISs . a year for a cottage—my master farms about 500 acres . " " Is it good land , think you !" " Ah , it is very fair . " " What rent does ha pay an acre ? " "About 22 s . "
" How many men does he employ , en an average !' " Well , sir , sometimes he has more than at other times , ( hesitating for a short time ) , I should say 10 or 17 men and boys together , he has always 5 or 6 boys . " *• Do any of your family work for him V " I have only one son at work , and we work together , be is seventeen years of age , and gets three shilling and sixpence a week . " " A stoutlad of seventeen will do almost as much work as a man . " " My boy does more work than some men , but you see tbey' call him a lad , and farmers just do ns they like , and if you don ' t take what they offer you , tliey tell you to go to the Union . <' " I wonderyoucan stand it as you do . " " Why , Sir , I often don ' t care which foot goes foremost . God surely never meant that men should be treated so . "
" why don ' t you ask your master to let you 2 or 3 acres of land !" " Ah , Sir , he won ' t let me have more than half an acre . I wish he would . " ' What rent do you pay for your half acre V "I pay one pound a year , but I would pay 2 pounds before I would want it . " " How do you crop it now !" " I grow potatoes , cabbages , and that like , for myself and family , and generally sell a quarter of an acre of carrots , which bring me from £ 2 to £ 3 , and enable me to pay the shoemaker , and I keep a pi ? , that is a great help to us . You see , Sir , if it was not for my little bit of land we could not live . " " Is jour land about the best on the farm *" " No , Sir , it is far from that , but I grow more on my half acre , than my-master does on any acre and a half . I work only on it at spare hours after my day ' s work is over , and that like . "
I asked my road-ride companion " what he thought of emigration t Told hiia of getting lots of laud almost for nothing . " He told me that he coald ne \* er save money enough to take himself and family out tor America , besides , he had no notion of going to far away places ; he thought men had a right to live in the land o -f their birth . I next explained to him tlie Chart tit allotment plan . He at first sight , appreciated Hie pract wafcility of such a scheme , and expressed a hearty wish to Ve in possession of £ 5 , and he would be independent of tar . Toers and landlord * also . Our conversation next turned- on the Game Laws . Hasaid the system of game preserving induce * men to poach , and in Ids own maimer , deel : wed that our aristocracy had lost all taste for sport , and i 'he question now was , not who was the best sportsman— but whose presi-ri-ts were best stocked with game , and who' was the best hare nod pheasant murderer .
I asked him if he did not think , after all , " That bares , pheasants , and land , belonged as much to the peoj 1 - < , n « they did to cither the Duke of Grafton , or anv o * « is tenantry V > J He answered , " They do , and if great folk don ' t mi * e some changa . it will com- ; to that ; ive won ' t alwavs ^ treated thus . " ' Such , render , is a truthful , amliu n oway overdrawn picture , of tho condition andopinions of the agricultural *
What The Agricultural Labourers Think. "...
population of England . I have conversed with hundreds of theoii aud all experience teaches me that these men are beginning te think . ^ , ^ ^~« . > -.-- . : •> . THe ' abOve'diaToguecailibut forlittlecomment , it Is pregnant with truth , and speaks for itself . Our agricultural labourers are men of quiet and solitary habits , and are not prone to open their minds on all occasions , but be familiar with them , and they will unreservedly unfold their thoughts . They possess a strong sense of rig ht and wrong , and are yet destined to piny an important part in the revolution now going on . The labourer I have described , pays £ + 15 s . a year for a cottage and half an acre of land , the land one mile distant from his home . The small farmer , under the Chartist Co-operative Land Company , pays £ 5 a year for a good cottage and two acres of land adjoining . The small farmer is a freeman , my road-side friend , a hired and dependant serf .
The revolution now begun is not one of destruction , but a revolution for re . jWMession , not doubting as to right , but resolved to have no theory to puzzle and embarrass the understanding , but a practice to give comfort to the labourer , and produce only to the producer . The general desiro ' of all classes to possess the land is only one of | themany signs of the-times—and the Chartists in this as in otherthiDga are nobly taking the lead . The capabilities of the land , have been long demonstrated , and the Chartists hare proved the possibility to possess at least part of it . Aristocracy , moneyocracy , and their institutions , laws , and government , will one day be too old for
tho people . The " sacred right of insurrection" against injustice and . fraud , is becoming day by day better understood , and will yet supplant the priestly doctrine of obedience to errer . I can fancy'the day in the better future , when men will universally feel the true spirit of freedom , and say with Thomas Campbell , the poet : — Eternal nature ! when tby great hand Had heaved the flood , and fix'd tbe trembling land , When life sprang startling at thy plastic call . Endless her forms , and man the lord of alll Say , was that lonely form inspired by thee , To wear eternal chains and bow the knee ?
Was man ordained the ilave ' of man to toil . Yok'd with the brutes , and fettered to the soil ; Weigh'd in a tyrant ' s balance with his gold ? No;—Nature stamp'd us in a heavenly mould ! She bade no wretch his thankless labour urge , Nor , trembling take the pittance and the scourge . A Leaf raoit tub Annals of a Shoemaker's * Gaebet .
To The Roman Catholic Hierarchy Of Irela...
TO THE ROMAN CATHOLIC HIERARCHY OF IRELAND . Right Rev . and Rev . Sieb , I have stated that your gratitude so liberally bestowed for the boon of emancipation was abused by Mr . O'Con . nc-11 , who , with his accustomed shrewdness , perceived that by holding you in his interest he would be able to command the support of the great mass of the population comprising your flocks ; he well knew that if you supported him with your voice , tbe people would support him with their pence , and as he bad an eye to " Banking" speculation , he knew the value of accumulated farthings , and that a certain number of halfpence were equal to a certain amount of sovereigns . He knew , also , that without your support he could not long enjoy public favour , and thus we find him using his very best endeavours to retain you in his service . He is a most
extraordinary man . Avery " cnmelion" in his political character . Unlike " Jim Crow , " he does not directly '' Jump about and wheel about ; " but retains his apparent form whilst he varies in his hue . He is never consistent , and his friends of to-day may possibly be classed amongst his enemies of to-morrow . The clergy of the Roman Catholic church were not always so ^ hig hly esteemed b y the Liberator as they now are , for if we remember rightly his testimony before a committee of the House of Commons wouldmakethflmappe & rtobtnotonly " meanly " descended , but incapable or undeserving to exercise or possess influence amongst the people . This is one of his dark shades , but he becomes black by comparison , when we sue him subsequently cringing , and fawning , and " kissing" the consecrated hands of the very men whom he attempted to malign ; but this has ever been
his practice , and his only clamour about "Godlesscolleges" was only raised to link you to him still more firmly . You have heard him say that he could " drive a coach and six betwixt every act of parliament in the Statute book , " and you believe the assertion , and rest upon his legal opinion as the dictum of wisdom herself . He is a Catholic , and goes to mass every day and has a private chaplain to administer to his spiritual wants , and for this you give him credit with being endowed with the spirit of Christianity , and your pulpits have rung with language little short of blasphemy in laudation of his acts ; but , gentlemen , notwithstanding all this display of piety he "falls" like the just man , not " seven times , but saventy times , " and it is to be regretted that he does so with impunity so far as it regards the clergy . Neither the bishops , nor the priests , nor even his chaplain ,
appear to have ever impressed upon him that there is such a command as— " Thou shall not bear false witness against tby neighbour . " He would have borne false witness against you , most rev . sirs . He has borne false witness against the last remnant of your national liberty in the persons of tbe Forty-shilling freeholders . He has brought false witness against every man or set of men who dared to differ with him on Irish affairs . He has borne false witness against such men as O'Connor , O'digging , and the members of the Irish Universal Suffrage Association , who know and practice true patriotism 1 He has . borne false witness against the Chartists of Wales and the people of England , and
has offered his services to exterminate the one , and has laboured to procure pains and penalties for the other , for doing that which himself approved of , and which be recommended for their adoption . _ In short , he has borne fdsc witness against every measure which was calculated to expose his political jugglery or be in any way detrimental to his interests ; and now we have him bearing false witness ( by his own avowal ) against his bosom friends and brother repealers , "Young Ireland , '' and has he not by the vilest despotism attempted to suppress public opinion by bis efforts to annihilate tho Nation newspaper ? How can you , Rev . Sirs , come forward and in the face of these facts express your "UNALTERED AXD UNALTERABLE CONFIDENCE" in such a man ?
Remember the eyes of nations are turned upon his acts , and if the friends of liberty condemn him , and they already do so , you , as his abettors , must share tho odium of having conttibuted to delude and cheat your country , men . Yon are too easily imposed upon , genthimen . Your special pleader ^ knows how to "blarney , " and make sweet speeches to win your confidence ; he has the happy knack ( for him ) of hitching on a little rag of religion to the fag end of a political jumble , and thereb y throws dust in you : eyes to prevent you teeing the real nature of the questions which he proposes ; but all this trickery will not do , tbe cheat must be discovered sooner or later , and if the clergy cannot or will not see it , the world will see it , and the people of Ireland are beginning to see it , and will all soon know the true reason why Repeal has been sacrificed to Whig patronage ; and thero
can be no doubt when that hour shall arrive , the people will fly from the libwator as they would from a serpent . And then I would ask you what will your po .-ition be i Unaltered and unalterable ? No ! No ! That must not be ! You must be where you ought to be , with your flocks : the " Liberator " (?) will be no companion fur jou ; he is not a fit one now to le ( . d you to political redemption for his measures falsely taken"hypocritically" kept , are now "knavishly" forsaken ! And the judgment of every man in Christendom , who is a lover of political honesty , has fallen upon him ; even the Whigs , to whom he has sold bis country and himself , ridicule big inconsistency and despise him for his duplicity . Hasten , then , let me implore of you to sever a cou . nexion which is so injurious to your country . Bestir yourselves , and make atonement for the errors of the
past , by advocating such measures as will be profitable to the community , and which will give" Ireland" to the "Irish" and make tho Irish people happy and prosperous . Leave the old political sinner to the tender mercies ofhiscoHMieiitfe , which will one day , perhaps , frighten him into repentance of Ills numberless transgressions against his country , and let him have solitude to indulge in reflection upon the iniquity of the traffic , which could barter the interests of the poor for vile and filthy license . O ! Rev , Sirs , when the wasted forms of desolate widows anil famished orphans shall flit before his eyes—when their last convulsive sighs and groans shall be borne on the wind to disturb his slumbers ; let him if he will pray for mercy , but never lei him hope to obtain it until he ceases to "ftutijer , " after the FLESH POTS OF THE PEOPLE'S ENEMIES . I have now shown that your agitation for repeal was not based ou
political honesty , andl will now endeavour to prove to you that the materials which you use , and your mude of applying them , cannot be depended on , and that it is im . possible with such various and conflicting elements , where self is the ruling spirit , to render your agitation other than what is ; a failure ; and a disgrace to the leaders of it ; and in this assertion , I class the principles of the two parties "Old and Young Irelanders ; " they are both in error , and no matter wh ch may henceforth assume the leadership , they are both equally lesponsiblo for the consequences which must arise , aud which now exists through pursuing a course of policy which , in its very nature is opposed to political reason and common honesty . Without consistency of principle and honesty of intention , " no cause can stand or can deserve to stand ; for it has ever been the policy of the people ' s enemies to diride their councils , and thereby thwart their measures . As soon as dissentlon manifests itself ,
they labour to engender a spirit of rivalsbip , and widen the breach by every secret means within their power , and having at length succeeded in their crafty designs , it only remains for them to make an offer to whichever lexlers chose to accept it of a certain amount of mercy or patronage , ( which is the same , ) to bribe them to relinquish the agitation , and to complete tho destruction of a party whose power they dread to meet in open and honourable conflict . By this means , they effectually frustrate the eff n-ts of the people , and what is most re . ¦ narkuble , generally contrive to escape unsuspaettd of buing the promoters of the nefarious trallic ; and tho base leaders , who tire guilty uf such horrid perfidy , contrive to walk out of the transaction with smiling linil sanctimonious countenances ; they plead somo . important necessity or visitation of Providence , as an excusiftir broken promises and violated faith ; and even th people themselves—too generous in their nature—are more inclined to haliiiw in tho miserabls smutovnige . Hi an to examine its truth . Thtre are iu society a number of men who live by
To The Roman Catholic Hierarchy Of Irela...
their wits , or on the credit of a former reputation ; an if by chance the last has failed to procure the " needful , ' J ^ hfeSS ^^ gesiS ^ W tion to manufacture a mode b y which tbey can "raise the wind . " These individuals are generally great enemies to personal labour , and have the greatest horror of being supposed to have any affinity with the vulgar and productive classes ; they possess nothing but their impudence , seasoned , perhaps , with their ignorance—and their luzinoflg is proverbial . Thene individuals mu « t , however , be fed ! they will be dressed in the bargain , if they can ; they will even condescend to live upon the productions of the low and vulgar herd , whom they despise : and sooner than suffer privation , or demean themselves by labouring for their bread , they will do anything and everything in their power to quarter themselves upon
the nation ! Now , Reverend Sirs , to render your position , as it regards Repeal , so simple that the meanest capacity nsay understand it , I will suppose the case of a man calculating on the merits of a former reputation , and casting about him fer a measure by which he can replenish his coffers . A skilful auctioneer will at once open a shop , and if he be a political one , he would as soon sell his own father or himself as he would any other article of commerce , provided always that read y money and full value bo the terms of transfer . When « uch a man commences business , it is his interest to magnify his abilities and descant on the merits of the stock hebas to sell—or , in plain terms , to "puff" himself and it as much as possible , The next great and in . dispensable thing is to surround himself with a suitable
number of assistants to act as clerks , porters , and gentlemen to bid against honest purchasers , and to raise the price or the commodity , and by that means of course , earn a eh re of the plunder . Only think of the scene to be enacted , stripped of all its tinsel and flimsy covering ! Go to Tattersall ' s , or Dysart ' s , and witness the sale of some old , worn-outhack , which may have changed masters every yeaf Of its life , and see bow the very last drop of its blood is excited to make it move upon limbs which have lost their muscular power . Fancy yourselves , gentlemen , at Conciliation (?) Hall , Mullaghamast , or Tara ' s Hill , and see your poor country led along like an old hack , with a halter round her neck , by the auctioneer ' s lacquey . Hear the man with the "hammer" sell his victim !
"Erin is a fine animal , gentlemen—sirong wind and limb ; though she lost a great deal of blood on this very spot—the grass is red yet : Repeal ia * bid for her . Repeal , once , twice . Show her up a bit . Repeal is bid for her !" " A Voice— " Justice to Ireland for her !" "Thank you , Sir ; justice to Ireland—that ' s something to begin with . Trot her down again , and let the gentlemen see her . " " National education for her . " " That's a Tory bid , I can't take it . Trot her up and down again . There she goes , gentlemen 1 See what a " TAIL" she carries ! Who bids more for her f Justice once—twice—Repeal and Justice for her J " " Whigs in office for her 1 "
" Did I hear a bid , gentlemen ! Thank you , my Lord ; I knew you could appreciate the ' value of to noble an animal . Trot her up and down again . You see what symmetry and grace she possesses . I can assure you , gentlemen , she is equal to any weight ; her speed is astonishing : and she is ai sure of foot as a mountain goat . Whigs in for her ! Notice , gentlemen ; I pledge my veracity she never kicks or bites . I have trained her myself , gentlemen ; therefore , I can warrant her . Repeal and Whigs in office for her—all done !"—Trot her down once more—only look at her again , my Lord ; she is going m chsap as dirt ! Shall I say a little more for you f I assure your Lordship she requires very little food to keep her in condition . Shall I say a little more ? Once—twice—all done ? "Patronage !" "Thank your Lordship ; I knew she would fall to you . Patronage once—twice—third and last time—Patronage —Whig Patronage ! -GONE !!!"
And thus Erin is knocked down , and the sacreligeous hand which struck the blow is stretched out to clutch the deposit , and to grasp the money-bag which contains the "thirty pieces of silvtr , " and the modern Judas betrays his country with a kiss , and censi ^ ns eigh t mil . lions oi his fellow-creaturts to a life of toil , misery , and despair . . Gentlemen , your office is one of peace ; yeu profess to be dispensers of Christian charity ; you preach against slander and hypocrisy—I hope you are lovers of genuine truth . I believe you to be so , and have confidence in your integrity , when the scale shall have dropped from your eyes—I have hope that when you see the error in politics to which you have given support , that you will be amongst the first to remedy the evil ; for it is melancholy to reflect on the abuse of your confidence ; it is painful to know that if you and the people only exercised half the energy you have exhibited—if properly directed
—your country would ere now have have been in a different condition to what she is , and the people would ere long be in a position in which they would learn to despise the arts of political speculators , and be beyond the reach of land grubbers and " middle men " whom you know to be the curse and bane of Ireland . As the friend to whom you are so ' " unalterably attached" is one of this class , I will endeavour in my next te point out a few of the sideral measures which he has declared to be necessary either to the attainment of Repeal or its efficacy ; their fallacy will he apparent , and your convictions will , I hope , be strengthened by comparing them with the nets of other nations and people who had to struggle for their freedom , as the Irish have ; and I further hope , that their example will not be without its salutaty effects on your future political careers . I am , RightReverend and Reverend Sirs , Your most obedient Servant , W . H . CMFTOlf ,
'Jtftlft Ihteimas*
'Jtftlft iHteimas *
Poor Man's Guardian Rocif.It.—A Nublic M...
Poor Man ' s Guardian Rocif . it . —A nublic meeting , called by the Poor Man ' s Guardian Society , was held on Tuesday ni » ht , at the Princess ' s Concert-room , to investigate the " frightful case of death from starvation of Louisa Mordaunt , from the cruel neglect of the board of guardians ; '' and also to take into consideration the disgusting tales of uncleanlincss in Marylebone workhouse . The members of the borough had been invited , but Sir B . Hall was unable to attend ; and . Sir C . Nspier , in his reply to the communication , doubted whether a public meeting was tho proper place for such an inquiry ; he thought it the province of the vestry , chosen by the ratenay . crs , to punish the board of guardians . Mr . Gabbell , M . P ., took the chair . The meeting was then addressed by Mr . C . Cochrane , who moved a resolution declaratory of its full confidence that the verdict of the jury in the case of Louisa Mordaunt was a just and conscientious one , and denouncing the
treatment she received as a disgrace to a Christian country . Another resolution , condemning the present Poor Law , and its administration , was adopted ; and a third , founded on the two former , establishing an Auxiliary Poor Man ' s Guardian Society tor Marylebone , as the best means of protecting the destitute against the oppression there practised . Statements were made during the evening of gross cases of neglect and mismanagement in several metropolitan parishes ; notwithstanding the attention drawn to it , it is said that in St . Pancras " the * hed" is still , as before the late inquiries , in a wretched condition in St . Giles ' s and Bloomsbury eases of extreme cruelty and suffering have occurred very recently , proving the necessity of a searching investi ation . There was a disposition in a small part of the meeting to interrupt these statements , but no open contradiction was given them . The resolutions were moved and seconded by Messrs . Cochrane , Hoggins , Hiilis , Dr . Stoudavt , Dr . Bird , < fcc .
The Parish of St . Pancras and thk Poor Law Commissioners . —At a meeting of the directois and guardians of the Poor of St . Pancras , held on Tuesday , a mandate from the Poor Law Commissioners was read , containing rules for the future management of the poor , and assuming absolute control over the parish ; The rules and regulations of the Commissioners arc divided into twelve sections—viz ., admission of paupers , classification of paupers , discipline and diet of paupers , punishments for
misbehaviour of paupers , visiting committee , repairs and alterations of tlie workhouse , qualifications of < fficers , continuance of officers and supply of vacancies , and duties of workhouse officers . The Commissioners order that the rules shall be in force after the expiration of twenty-one days from the date of the mandate . The communication was received by the jtuardians with great indignation , and they expressed a determination to resist the application of the rules . On the motion of Mr . Douglas , the matter was referred to the vestry .
Peace Socibty . — A lecture was delivered in Union-street Chapel . Southwark , by the Rev , J . Jefferson , Secretary of the Peace Society , on Tuesday evening , for the purpose of explaining the principles of that institution , and of showing the barbarous and unchristian nature of the war system which it was established to abolish . In the onUet the lecturer stated that from the effects already made by the Society , from the information infused into the public mind by the tracts printed by it , and the lectures delivered hy its agents , tending , as all these did , to prove the inconsistency of war with the spirit of Christianity ; to a considerable extent the public mind had been led to inquire into , and investigate the subject ; and he was sure if such investigation and inquiry became more general , and if the
Christian public would try the question by the standard of truth , tho period could not be tar distant when the glowing prophecies of tlie Scriptures would receive their fulfillments , and the nations would study war no more . He wished to speak of war as it existed in connection with the governments of the world , more especially civilised governments ; and in this respect lie considered it an organization to effect that by fores which ought and could be more effectually done by reason aud persuasion . lie called on the meeting to use their ulfui'tu to gut the war system altogether abiilL-liei ) , and the nations of the earth be blessed bv its hallowed influence . They had got the stain of slavery blotted out from the annals of the country—; ot them use the same efficient means , and the war ¦ iVatem would also soon become ranked among past evils .
Fiein-Lank Raggb» Scnool.-The Fifthjannu...
FiEin-LANK Raggb » ScnooL .-The fifthJannujrt meeting of ^ the . friends and subscribers 5 !* ffi \ lane Ragged School * was held at tho Theatre of thi Mechanics ' ^ tn ^ S mWm ^ SmiS ^ fuesday afternoon , There was a very nnmS ' sat tendance of ladies who have taken anS rescuing the destitute childre n of ftfifaw 3 t 2 7 th ? mf ^ H ** * *** ^ XtLt tt i mee ng b S O ol " 7 e . that the friends of the Field-lane Ragged Schools had assembled that even , mg to make an appeal to the Christian nnhmv £
oraer that they misht be enabled to openafree ' dvv "l m- i . ?? Field-lane Ragged Scho ? s were fi « t s 2 hSd , n h , ? year 18 i v . tNos . SME wS ftraitnneld , but the comm ttce deeol * cm iuLt- t £ l to four hours on Sundays and IwS KonThnS day evenings , was quite inadequate to meet ti £ ^ nts of th emshboarhood . Mr . Aston ! t ™ Zmtary , read the report detailine the opera ions of the school for the past year . The average nZV . %
mitZtnfTu t 0 180 : tte receipts to ™ - ,, ' a R d the disbursements to £ 60 Mr T ) avM El ? Rn . ? r , ^ ^ zT AiZt Lieutenant * I 1 '" ' ^^ > Hu ehes , Mr . Payne dre sed tS ™ ' r more ' other g <*« emen bad adl 2 . nAft " * *' . aPPrnPriate resolutions , were En tb r et \ - f of thank " t 0 the noblechairman , the proceedings terminated .
Another Death From Destitution. An Inque...
ANOTHER DEATH FROM DESTITUTION . An inquest was held on Tuesday night , by the City Coroner , at St . George ' s Workhouse , SoHthwark , on the body of John Tracy , aged 64 , who died from starvation in a lodging house in the Mint . The body presented a most deplorable sight , being nothing more than a few bones . Tho feet appeared sodden with wet and mud , at if the poor old ereatuwhad for many weeks been com . pelled to tramp about the streets without shoes or any kind of covering to protect them from the inclemency of tbe weather . His clothimj consisted of a few filthy rags . !
Cornelius O'Brien , of 5 , Tine-yard , Mint , said the da . ceased firtt came to ledge at his house on Thursday night , but he did not see him until Friday night . He then came very ragged and distrained to the door , and they admitted him , hut he bad no money or any signs of any , and was very old and feeble . When he got Into the room he shook and trembled so much , and appeared as if he would get right into the fire . A woman wis making gruel by the fire , and tbe dsceased begged of her to give him a drop . She did so , and he drank it scalding hot , but trembled so violently all the while that the b » . sin dropped . Witness said to him— "Why , old man you are dying , " when he replied— " Oh , no , I shall be * all rieht . " He then led him up ftairs to his bed . The following day , between eleven and twelve o ' clock , witness's wife told him that the old man was not up . He went up stairs , and suppoiing the man was dying , isnt for a doctor , but before he arrived , the old man expired .
By the Coroner . —He told me that he wat a native of Kildare , and was never married . I tsid to him , " Why did you uot apply for relief ! " When he replied , " I went there , hut they pushed me away from the door , and I fell from weakness . " He further sai < % that it wat at St . George ' s workhouse , and that It wag on the Thursday when he Applied . He never had any food after th « gruel until ha died . A . woman laid she saw him pushed down . Mr . Robinson , the master of the workhoute , entered intoan explanation , and said that it wat not improbable the ' deceased had been pushed down by other parties waiting for relief , but he was positive none of the officers present had done it . Messrs . Carslake and Lockhart , the relieving officers and William Benton , the door-keeper , all swore posi . lively , that if such a circumstance as the deceased being pushed down had occurred , they must have known it . They never saw him on the Thursday .
The Coroner summed ' up at great length , remarking upon the dreadful sufferings of the deceased from cold and want , which it was evident he had fer some time ftlt . With regard to the application for relief , it wsfr evident that he had not applied , although he was at the workhouse door , but unfortunately he had gone to the wrong one . The Jury returned a verdict—Natural Death accelerated by want .
An Ukwelcomb Visitor.—Last Week The Ihma...
An Ukwelcomb Visitor . —Last week the iHmates of the Fountain Hotel , Sheerness , were much alarmed by the following occurrence;—Shortly after Mrs . Gregory , the landlady , had retired to rest , she heard her bedroom door opened and shut , but imagining it to be her husband she took no notice of it ; but the opening of the door a second time attracted her attention , when she saw , from the dim light of a night shade , a short figure , which she concluded was that of her mother , who slept in ah adjoining room ^ however , shortly afterwards hearing a rustling noise under her bed , at the same tima noticing a smell as of something burning , she became alarmed , and hastening to her mother ' s bedroom for assistant , returned to her own bedroom and looking under the bed discovered the naked feet of a man . Alarmed
at tbe circumstance they immediately ran down stairs for help , when Mr , Gregory , accompanied by the waiter , proceeded to theroom . The fellow having been disturbed in his concealment attempted lo make his escape , and which he would have effected at the moment but tor two gentlemen who were staying at the hotel , and who intercepted him in his attempted flight . lie was then handed over to the watchman , from whose custody he escaped , and runwing down to the pier took refuge in a barge lying alongside . The crew being aroused quickly routed the intruder from his retreat , aud after inflicting on him a severe chastisement , he was suffered to depart . He was dressed in the garb of a sailor , and under Mrs . Gregory ' s bed were found his stockings with a pi ' .-ce of burnt rag , which he is supposed to have ignited , for what purpose does not appear .
Iitarftet Intelkseitce*
iitarftet intelKseitce *
Corn Exchange, December 14. Great Excite...
CORN EXCHANGE , December 14 . Great excitement prevailed during the past week in wheat , flour , Indian corn , and bread stuffs , aud a very large business was d .-ne for consumption , for shipment to Ireland , and for exportation , and also some quantity brought on speculation . The weather is y ery cold , and a severe trost continues to make it an early commencement of winter . At this day ' s market the supply of English wheat was moderate , Factors nt first demand very high ratus , and the stands were ultimately clared at 2 s . to 3 s . per qr . over tlie currency of this day week .
Provincial Markets. Richmond (Yorkshire)...
PROVINCIAL MARKETS . Richmond ( Yorkshire ) Corn Mabket . —We had a thin supply of grain in oui-market to day . Wheat sold from 7 s . to 9 s . 6 d . ; oats , 3 s . to 4 s . 3 d . ; barley , 4 s . 9 d ., t < 9 3 s . ; beans , 5 s . to Ss . 3 d ., per bushel . . Manchestou Coiin MiBK £ T . —Influenced by the im . proved reports from the London , Liverpool , and Wake , field markets held on Friday , holders of wheat at our Corn Exchange this morning firmly demanded an enhance , raent of 3 d . to 4 d . per 70 lbs . Flour was also held for an advance of Is . to 2 s . per sack aud barrel , which , however , rather checked sules . Wakkihgton Corn Market . —There was a fair attendance at the market , and it was well supplied with new wheat from the farmers , which was freely bought by the millers at 4 d . to Oil . per , bushel advance . Hum , Corn Mauket . —At this day ' s market we had a fair supply of wheat from the farmers , for which our millers paid the price of last week . Birmingham Ooas Exchange . — During the week a good deal of business has been done in wheat , at full y previous currency .
Newcastle Corn Mabket . —Our farmers brought a moderate supply of wheat to market to-day , but we had a fair show of samples from the coast , and the attendance of buyers being small , caused a dull sale for aU descriptions of quality , at a reduction of cue shilling per qr . on the prices of Saturday last . Wakbfieid Corn Market . —Owing to adverse winds , we have no arrivals from the East cost , which causes our market to be very bure of snmplcs . The quantity of wheat offering is inadequate' to the demand , and an advance of Is . to is . per qr . is readily obtained . Liverpool Corn Market . —Two or three foreign vessels have worked up , but with this exception contrary winds have again limited the week ' s supply ot grain , meal , and flour . Tlie improvement acted in our grain market last Tuesday has been' followed by alonrfi business in the leading articles of the trade , forcousuuu lion , for shij . nent and on speculation , and prices continue to advance . Wheat must be noted 3 d . to 4 d . per bushel , flour , 2 s . per barrel and sack , Indian corn Ss . per qr . oats 2 d , aud bur . ley 3 d . per bushel higher than en Tuesday last .
State Of Trade. Lbeos.—The Cloth Markets...
STATE OF TRADE . Lbeos . —The cloth markets have been very dull both on Saturday and Tuesday , the home houses are buying no . thing but to order , and the foreign houses are scarcely in the market at all . Makchester . —Our cloth and yarn markets are parah ysed by the advance on the staple;—little m consequence , doing , and prices are perfectly unquotable . UUADKOltD .- Combing wools are in more demand ; this arises partly from the spinners being low in stock , ami lrartW from an impression that the stap lers will uot submit to lower prices . There is no variation in prices . HSi ° r " -Wel . ave no alteration to . notice in either % sssrcf' = ssv ... , ST ' t » " r « l ^ s = ^ , ?^ S ¦* *^ JSrift £ = fStt 5 ! 2 i-
^ to £ ^ Jy % ^< % & 5 ZS % il , o « 1 , „ 1 « kj ~'« ' ?* . n ^; f „ , ; 4 ™ of the S' * " - s ™» a & w ^ 'pv «« e «^^ fn ^^ S done in Manchester , in cOT 8 T ^„ d hero our qdiinwa , ¦ the cotton market in M « n » ol ; aud hut o j , t tho enhanced prices ot cot- ™ , - ^ ' «• vvuoe if live per cent in No . &) »** uuau-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 19, 1846, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_19121846/page/6/
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