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to be donebut as to Januar y 20, 1849. 4...
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L1TERAUY IXSTITrriOS, JOBS STREET, FITZROT SQUARE.
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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, JAMLVRY »0,1S49.
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LABOUR AXD THK LAND
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We recommend the letter of Mr O'Connor i...
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PRINCE LOUIS NAPOLEON AXD THE LAND. Prin...
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MINISTERIAL CHANGES AND POLICY, The rece...
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THE TOOTING PESTILENCE. "Toshut the stab...
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THE COLLIERS OF NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHA...
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eo erorreapotttr-ntte
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The VicriM*._Jolin Ai-nntt, SomersTiwn. ...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
To Be Donebut As To Januar Y 20, 1849. 4...
Januar 20 , 1849 . 4 THE NORTHERN STAR — * ' " ¦ i ¦ 1
L1terauy Ixstitrrios, Jobs Street, Fitzrot Square.
L 1 TERAUY IXSTITrriOS , JOBS STREET , FITZROT SQUARE .
Ad00409
SUBJECTS OF FOUR ORATIONS ; to be dclivei t-d b y Thohas Cower , autli-. r < if The I " urgatory of Suiridee , " On Tut-s < laj- Evening * , during January , 1--M 9 , in aid of the 5 * Ti < tSAi . Victim 1 Ym \ far which purjiosc Mr . Cwptrr presents his iraluiums services . Jan . 23 rd . —The Kn-disli vV » nm <> mrealth : S p irit of its " I ' mmders . and the causes of their strmrsle : Lawless lii-spyti > iu of Onirics I . : Death of the Patriot Elint . in the Tower : ( . Tiarlw ' slast l ' arliauit-iit : Oji-n Quarrel with it : the Kinjr mi - . * hU Standard at Nottingham : Battles of E'Urehill a : id rhaUtniri- Field , and Death of Uani ] Ml < .-n : Battles of Marston Moor and Nasehy Field : the Kins ; a IVi-oner . and l'reliaraiiun for his Trial . SOtli . —ilSfcha the hi-centenarv of " Kin . fr Chaile . " the Mnrtvr ") Trial and Execution of Charles I .: <; .. v « -nnu-i : t br the Councilff State : Crom-• m-il in Ireland ' : lii » Victories of Dunbar and Worcester : Protectorate and Character of t'LlYffi rr > nsvrfl , l „ , , To toimnesicc at cisht o ' cloc * preciscK . Admissionflan ' - '
Ad00410
WHO WANTS A FRIEp ? -The that" ThX " s and nirls mil life '« , « 5 ^^ 'J ^ stories : the t ' .-iiihtladic . « ^ D like « for the ate of » s pretty ,-Ktrv . an . l its receipts forfancv W * t ; tttt JOUnR Lien Will like it . f « r it smacks of H-. ence : the trotneft Till likeit . f . * k = l » nuids in useful li .. ur * lioM receipts ; the men will lite it . for it treat * .. f gardenm ? and natural historv , and a . M ^ -s wi" * - « to he kind to their husbands ; those "who ' love aiKuseuiviit « illlilce it . for it stearins with conundrums ; ererybxly will like it . for it has a corner for everybody : and nobody need fear to find any harm in it . " ruliii * -hed hy Houlstoii and Stoneman , Paternoster-row , London ; and may 1 * obtained of any lxiokseller . Price 2 d . monthly . Thirty-two ] rsges , in neat mapizine form . The Hesfkkwmiikk Ai-vert ^ er miy ^ . " * It is a literary miracle in regard to cla ajmess . " Nearly one hundred iiewsjstiiers * have already cjxiken of it in similar terms . The work commence * the new vtatr .
Ad00411
PAINKS UHtTIIKAV . A POLIO DINNER to Commemorate the Biv . Vr . ij « f ihe above eminent patriot will take place on Monday , the SHli inst ., at the Seven Starn , IBarker-jKite . Nottingham . Tickets are now ready ( One Shilling each " ' , and can l > e obtained of Mr . Thornton , as above , or of Mr . Sweet . News-a ^ eiir . Early application is TK * -c- *« ir « - « i- ,. ! . lv * Yi > 'iil--, \ 'luiiiU'r can 1 .. ' neeoimnodated .
Ad00412
EG iTTIAXDIHjr . S . itlVrtaiiiaiid Speedy Tare for STONE anil ( JKAVEI ., sent free to all jierson * , by c . ncl"siii £ seven stamps , to TiioM-tS Wilkinson , Xand Agent , < J : iInsi > or"H £ h . I-iueolnshire . TO IiE SOI . H . A FOUR-ACKK ALLOTMENT , at Miustcr-bovel . For { articular * , ( by letter , post paid ) , apply to Mr . Itenson . l * i \ K .. se-cottiure , l * riz < : iiorton-road . run SALE , TWO FOUR-ACRE SHARES m the Kational Land Company . Apply ( pre-paid ) to Mr . James Bootliroyd , East-gate , '" ffork ^ oti . Notts .
Ad00413
TO HE SOLO , A PAID-UP FOUR-ACRE SHARE in the National Land Comjiany . Price , £ 5 . Apply to Mr . Savers , 1 'louzh Inn , North-end , Cravford . Kent .
Ad00414
tWDEIt ROYAL PATRONAGE . PERFECT FREEDOM FROM COUGH , In Ten Minutes after u ^ e . and a rapid Cure of Astlnna and Consumption , and all I'isorders of the Breath * anil I . uii . ss , is insured b y DR . LO ( .-OCK \ S PULMONIC WAFERS . The truly wonderful powers of this remedy have called forth testimonials from all ranks of society , in all quarters of the world . The following have been just received : — ANOTHER CURE OF 8 EVEX TEAKS ' ASTHMA From Mr . Edwin Squire , Corn-market , Loughborough , March 1 !* . 1 *< 4 C . Gentlemen . —A lady ( whose name and address is below ) called at iny shop yesterday , and made the follon-in ^ statement rvsjn-ctiiB ? the beneficial effects produced by your popular medicine . She has lut-n severel y afflicted with asthma for seven years , until about three months ago , when , having receiud a letter from a friend in Louth , recomniendiiar 1 'r . Locock ' s Wafers , idle purchased » box , and alrhoiij : ) i she bad nut lieen able to lie down for twelve or fourteen weeks , the first dose enabled her to do so , and take a nnnfunaMe jiiirbt ' s sleep , and she is eilectuallv cured by five boxes . Tiie lady added , that since her wonderful restoration to health , she lias walked a distance of eight miles iu one day without lieing particularly fati £ Ue < L And whenever she takes cold she has recourse to a dose of the Wafers , which afford her instant and nevcrfailinj ^ relief I can prove the genuineness of this case , and furnish the name and address of the lady , which is . ? Mrs . Manila Haven , St Laureuce , near Ventuor Isle of "Wi ght . AXOTllEtt CURE OF COUGH AXD nOARSEXESS . To Mr . T \ Roberts , Ranclagb-street . Sir , —It is with much pleasure I bear testimony to the extraordinary jiourers of Locock ' s Pulmonic Wafers . I had becu troubled with a cou ^ h and hoarseness for nearly two years , without relief , when I was induced to try Locock ' s Wafers , the effect of which was soon visible , for ' one large box ( is . J * d . ) has ipiite cured ine . 1 have since recommended them to several of my friends , and Uley have also experienced the greatest relitf from them . —Joils WlLliAMs , Parliament-street , Liverpool , Jan . I , 1 S 47 . CURES OF PULMOXARYCOXSUMPTIOX . Gentlemen . —I can speak of your Wafers myself , with the preatest confidence , having recommended them iu many cases of Pulmonary Consumption , and they have always afforded relief when everything else has failed , and the patients baring been surfeited with medicine , are delighted to meet with so efficient a remedy , baring such an airreealile taste , 4 c . —( Signed ) Jon . s Miwsos , surgeon , IS , Moseley-street , Xewcustk' -ou-Tyue , December " > , IBil . IMPORTANT TO ALL WHO SIXG . \ From S . 1 'carsaU . F . S" } .. Her Majesty ' s Concerts , and Vicar Choral of Lichfield CathedraL G « ntk-men . — A lady of distinction having pointed out t »> me the qualities of Dr . Locock ' s Wafers , I was induced to make a trial of a lxix , and from this trial I am happy togive my testimonial in their favour . I find by allowing a few of the wafers ( taken in the course of the day ) to gradually dissolve in the mouth , mr voice becomes bright and clear , and tone full and distinct . They are decidedly the most efficacious of anv I have ever usei—Lichfield , July liith , 1 S 15 . Dr . Locock ' s Wafers give instant relief , and are arapid cure of asthmas , consumption , colds , and all disorders of the breath and lungs , & e . To singers and public sjieakcrs they are invaluable , as in two hours they remove all horseness and increase the JWOTtr and flexibility of the voice . The ; have a most p U-afant taste . Price Is . 1 Id . ; 2 s . fld . ; and lis . per box : or sent by post or Is . : >< L . : ; . ., or lis . Cd , by Da Silva and Cv ., 1 , ilrideane Fleet-street , London . V Sold bv aU Medical Venders . Beware of Initatios—l " n ] irinripkd { ttrsons ( Chemists JUid others ) pri ] i . ire Counterfeits of that popular remedy . "Dk . Locock ' s I ' ixmoxic Wafers . " Purchasers are thereiore cautioned not to purchase any " Pulmonic" Medicine or " Wafers" unless flic words " Dr Locock ' s Wafees" appear in White Letters on a lied Ground , on the Government Stamp , outside each liox ; without which all are counterfeit and an imposition .
Ad00415
The extraordinary projierties of this medicine are thus described by an eminent physician , who says : — " After particular observation of the action of Parr ' s ' Pills . I am determined , iu my opinion , that tile following are their true pro ] ierties : — "First—They increase the strength , whilst most other medicines have a weakening effect upon the systeiiL Let : my one take from three to four or six pills every twentyfour hours , and , instead of having weakened , they will be found to have revived the animal spirits , aud to have Imparted a lasting strenjrth to the body . " Secondly—hi their operation " they go direct to the disease . After you have taken six or twelve pills you will experience their effect ; tbe disease upon you will " become less and less by every dose you take ; and " if you will persevere , in regularly taking from tliree to six pills cverv dav , jour disease wiU speedily be entirely removed from the ystem . " Thirdly—They are found , after giving them a fair trial for a few weeks , to possess the most astonishing and invigorating pro {> erties . and they will overcome all obstinate complaints , and restore sound health ; there is a return of good appetite shortly from the beginning ot their use ; ivfailst ibeir mildness as a purgative is a desideratum greatly required by the weak and delicate , particularly where violeut purging is acknowledged to be injurious instead of beneficial . TO PERSOXS GOING ABROAD . These p ills are particularly recommended to all persons going abroad , and subjecting themselves to a great change of climate- Ofhcess op toe Ahxt and Saw , MissiosAMEs , Emigrants , & c . will find them an invaluable appendage to their medicine chests , as a preventative of the attacks of those diseases so prevalent in our Colonies , especially in the West Indies , where a small box recently Sold for 10 s . In America also its fame is getting known , and its virtue duly appreciated , causing an immense demand for it : and there is no country or port in the world where it will not speedily become an artiele of extensive traffic and general utility , as it may be had recourse to in all cases of sickness , -with confidence in its simplicity , and in its pov / er to produce relief . TO LADIES . Park ' s Life Pills are especially efficacious in all the variety of nilninits indui * nt to ilic fair sex . Ladies even of i "' i " w < W ! catv constitutions will find them toieficial , both before and after confinement ; and for general use in rsc . iools . they cannot l » e too strongl y recommended . Thev mildly and si . ct . hly remove all Skin Eruptions , Sallowness of Complexion . Nervous InitabiUtv . Siek Headache and Depress ,..,, of r . pjms , IrrvgnJaiity , or General lk'I'Iuli'emeut of the System . ^ CAUTION . Xone : u-e genuine , unless the words " PARK ' S LIFE I * ULS" art- in W ' sii-rs : Lirrrrju ; on ii ItED Giw , ir ? . i > .-. n Tlie Government stiuiip , pu ^ td round eac h box : also , the-fae similcoftlicsigiiiHurc of the Proprietors , "T . UOHEKTS aud Co ., Crone-court , Flett-stivct , London , " on the Directions . - ? old in boxes at Is . 3 Jd .. 2 s . Si . and familv jackets at lis , each , by all respectable medicine vendors * throughout the world , full directions are giveu with each box .
Ad00416
IMPORTANT NOTICE . NEW YEAR'S OIFTS FOR TIIE BENEFIT OF THE "WIVES AND FAMILIES OF THE CUARTIST VICTIMS . TIIE PRESENTS " ALREADY REcf-ivki ) mr exceedin" in number and value wliat manv of the tickets still remain «^' ^™* % l haTe decked on postponing the final disposal of the ( ritt * Ull M 0 XDAT " , FEBRUARY 19 th . Ti .-ketc Sixpence each ( which will entitle the holders to n article ' of value ' , may be obtained of Mr . James Grassby , Tvolh ' s trk Court , Stangate , l . ambefli ; Mr . StallwAod , Hammersmith ; Mr . Greenslade , 21 . Allerton-street , Hoxt « n Sew Town : Mr . Grev . " Two Chairmen , " Wardourstreet , Soho ; Mr . Knowles , Glol * and Friends , " Morganstreet . ' Commercial-road East ; Mr . Kirch . - Two Sawyers , " Minories : Mr Allen , Crown and Anchor , " Waterloo Town ; Mr . Merriman , 20 ii , Strand ; Mr . Saar , " Olive Hranrh , " Old St . Pancras-road ; Mr . Holmes , 1 , Ridinghonse-lane . Portland-place ; Mr . Allnutt , Headman ' s Coffee-house , Clerkenwell-green ; Mr . Collins , South Lqndon Chartist Hull ; Laud Office , W , High Holborn ; and of the Secretary , John Arnott 11 , Middlcsex-plftce , Somers Town , London , " of whom every information can be obtained , if by letter , jirc-paid . N . B . The local memliers of the Executive , sub-secretaries and othens , are invited to forthwith solicit subscriptions from their friends , and forward the tttme with name kiiQ address , to the secretary as above , if by Post Office Orders , made payable at the Battle-bridge . Post Office , when tickets ¦ will be promptly returned , and the amount received aetnowledged in the Star when finally closed . Friends who lave tickets for sale , are requested to make a return as earlr as jiossible .
Ad00417
rpilE rARTHEXEUM CLUB ROOMS -L bein < r closed for the present againrt public meetings , the memliers of the WeEtmin ; -t * . r locality will meet on Sunday , the 1 'Oth inst ., at the Progression Coffee-house , 17 , Hidcr ' s-court , Leiccster-sguarc , at half-past seven proc ' ntely iu the evening , when arransements for securing a commodious place for future meetings will be taken into consideration . After the business is disposed of , llr . 8 . Kydd will address the meeting .
Ad00418
TIIE FRENCH REPUBLIC . THE FRATERNAL * DEMOCRATS intend to celebrate the firtt anniversary of tho Glorious Thkee Davs of fEBaciKT by A PUBLIC KOIREE AKD BALL , At the I . itekabt and Scixntivic IsCTiTirnox , JoHS-STS ^ af , Toti EMiAM-couitT-RoiP , on Monday , February 20 th , 1849 . -. - Further particulars iu future Hdvertissment * . g-sr The Committee of the Fraternal Democrats incite the atten . huiee of delegates or friends from the seTer « J inttiopoUtau localities to a committee meeting ( to fnake arrangements for the alion * fentiral ) on Sunday ercninf , January 2 Hth , at six o ' clock , at Coulter's Cofifc * Roomr , Holvwell-street , near St . Clement ' s Church , Strand .
Ad00419
Now Heady , a New Edition of W . Q'CQHKQK'S WORK GS SML ( ARMS .
Ad00420
THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVER ICBLISHED . Price Is . ( id ., A new aud elegant edition , with Steol Plate of 'he Author , Of PAIKE'S POLITICAL WORKS .
Ad00421
TOLS . I . TO IV ., NEATLY BOUND , Price 3 s . fid . each , THE ' LABOURER' MAGAZINE . NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS . Any imperfect eopios of the " Labourer" Magazine must l > c completed forthwith ; all tho back numbers arc now on sale ; but it will not bo practicable to perfect copies unless imperfections arc called for at once .
Ad00422
OX THE 1 st OF FEBRUARY , ] . ? 49 , Will be published . Trice Sixpence , the First Number of a New Magazine , THE COMMONWEALTH : A MONTHLY RECORD OF DEMOCRATIC , SOCIAL & INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS , Communications for the Editor , Hc ^ ks f or Review , & c , to be forwarded to the Office , 16 , GREAT "WINDMILL STREET , LONDON . To lie had of all booksellers in Town and Countrv .
Ad00423
Just Published , Frice Is . fc'd ., forming a neat volume , EVIDENCE TAKEN BY THE SELECT COMMITTEE Appointed to inquire into The Natiokal Laxd CourASY : with a review of the same , and an Outline of the I ' roiHisitions for amending the Constitution of the Company , so as to comply -with the Provisions of the Law . WaUon , Queen ' s Ilead-pius-ijic , Patci'nostov-i'ow , Lon . don : A . Hey wood , Manchester ' : and all Rooksellers in Town aud Country .
The Northern Star. Saturday, Jamlvry »0,1s49.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , JAMLVRY » 0 , 1 S 49 .
Labour Axd Thk Land
LABOUR AXD THK LAND
We Recommend The Letter Of Mr O'Connor I...
We recommend the letter of Mr O'Connor in this week ' s " Star" to the attentive perusal , not of the labourer , the mechanic , or the tradesman alone , but to the shopkeeper , the merchant , the banker , and the minister—as , gloss it over or nibble at it as they may , and however the Press of the dominant parties may seek to veil it over , the Labour Question , in its simple and legitimate aspect , is now the all-absorbing topic of consideration with all classes ; and just in proportion to the labourer ' s knowledge will be the legislator ' s practice . The day has gone by when the means of accomplishing any benefit for the working classes shall be a sufficient inducement to the millions to rally around those who require but the means through power to accomplish the promised end . Emancipation , Reform , Free Trade , and all the blessings emanating from Reform , have been so many wholesome cautions to the working classes , who can no longer be fascinated by the most enthusiastic promises of those who use excitement for the purpose of achieving power , and power , when achieved , as the engine to suppress , not excitement , but the mere expression of public opinion .
It is an irrefutable fact , that the Whigs , when struggling for power , have most strenuously advocated every measure for seeking the accomplishment of which their dupes have been made the object of their vengeance . This constitutes the difference between men seeking power and men exercising power ; while the justification of the tyrant resolves itself into this ; "Yes yes ; we admit the justice of your claim , but we deny your right to accomplish it by force or violent language , " while they appear to forget that this very plea of justification is an admission either of their own incapacity as Ministers to carry out their own principles , or that , as tools in the hands of trading supporters , they must surrender princip le to party feeling .
If the Chartist movement can lay claim to more than ordinary shrewdness , discrimination , and judgment , it will ever be found in the fact that its propounders have enunciated not only a mere political principle , but the social advantages which are to result from its accomplishment ; and if the English people cannot boaitof the same traditionary or existing character for valour and heroism as their continental neighboars , and however apathetic they may occasionall y appear to the squinting eye of the casual observer , they ' are , nevertheless , better instructed in the Labour Question than the people of any other countrv in the world ; and in exact proportion to their knowledge of the Labour Question will be their ambition to achieve political power as the
means to the end . It is very amusing to read the several complicated Budgets of the . several financiers , with the varied comments of the several journals of the several parties . Mr Cobden propounds an understandable Budget—a corruption-slaying , because a patronage-destroying Budget , which the " Times'' and •< Chronicle , " like larks fl ying at an eagle , attempt to weaken , while they strengthen every one of his positions . Upon the other hand , all anxious
to fly their own straw before the wind , accept as a set-off against Mr Cobden ' s Budget the most airy and metaphysical nothings that could spring from the brain of the most fanciful fairy . Thus , while all admit the necessity of considerable reduction , while all disagree as to the point of attack , we find the ' Chronicle' * parading a letter from Mr . Wm . Ray Smee to Mr . Cobden , in large type , proposing , as a substitute for his Bud get , a tax of £ 5 , 177 , 000 upon the very poorest and ' most
We Recommend The Letter Of Mr O'Connor I...
strugg ling of all classes , namel y , a tax npon the incomes of all persons having over £ 50 ayear . Now , as our maxim ever has been " Justice to all and Injustice to none ; " to make the rich richer and the poor rich by the most profitable cultivation of the national resources , measured by state necessity , and not class cupidity , we would as readily resist such an act of gross tyranny and oppression in the case of the poor householder , as in that ef the poor labourer . This fascinating financier , Mr . Smee , proposes no diminution of patronage , but a mere transfer of burthens from the untaxed luxuries o f the rich to the taxed necessaries of the poor . And he appears to imagine that the Exchequer is like the HORN OF AMALTHEA . —
the more that is extracted from it the more still remains . Mr . Smee proposes to light the candle at both ends , as he appears ignorant of the fact that one of the great evils of direct taxation , when unjustl y assessed , is the diminution of profit arising from indirect taxation , while , on the one hand , the injustice of indirect taxation , in many cases , amounts to a prohibition of the use of the taxed article , which mav be a necessary of life , upon the other hand , direct taxation , when charged upon real
property , spurs the owners of that property on to economy , and the desire to save by the abolition of indirect taxation an equivalent for the amount directly levied ; and thus , being the paymasters and caterers for their own whims , necessities , caprices , and protection , they would very speedil y see our inordinate Army , Navy , Ordnance , Gavernmental and Patronage figures , through Mr . Cobden's telescope , which would then , as if b y magic , receive an additional magnifier , instead of , as now , enjoying the view as presented in the Press kaltidiscope .
In the nibble at Mr . Cobden ' s Budget ,. on Thursday , the " Times , " while attempting to shake his position , gives us a most fearful catalogue of the increased extravagance of the present Government . The " Times '' telle us ; "That there has been an increase of one million eight hundred and fifty thousand nine hundred and eighteen pounds upon twenty-ei ght items , since 1835 , and the first item in the Budget is 66123 *? . on Public
, Buildings and Royal Palaces ; the public buildings constituting a very insignificant fraction in this item . " Nurseries for the royal babies in Buckingham Palace , 30 , 000 / . Additional expenditure on the Houses of Parliament , 55 , 534 / . " And with characteristic and unblushing effrontery , the "Times , " in its comment upon this itemi illustrates the strength and stability of the British constitution , and the gullibility of John Bull , in these words
;"AND , KNOWING AS WE DO THE VALUE OF EXTERNALS , WE CANNOT QUARREL WITH ITS CHOICE . " There is the cocked hat on the barefooted man ! There is the gilded external to mask the internal rubbish ! There is the gaping eye gratified at the expense of an empty pocket ! There is John Bull ' s gilded toy ] Next we have 131 , 000 / . expended upon Harbours of Refuge , with more lives sacrificed than
ever ! Then an increase of 193 , 149 / ., since 1835 , for Poor Law Commissioners , with more paupers , more complaints , worse management , more deaths , infants huddled five in a bed , with male infants as their nurse tenders , and a human butcher receiving 3 , 600 / . a-year for the trade , while those tender Guardians , who have relieved their own charnel houses of the burthen , are more to blame than Mr . Dreuet , because it was their duty to see to proper accommodation for , and the proper treatment of , those children .
The next item is an increase of 40 , 268 / . for Coining Money in the Mint—that is , for altering the standard . The next is for Railway Commissions , or , otherwise , agencies , and inspections for the wealthy , paid by the poor , 10 , 670 / . The next item is for Parliamentary Printing and Stationary , which the "Times" admits is colossal—302 . 362 Z . being an increase of nearly 107 , 000 / . over 1835 . The next item is for the Commission ef Public Works in
Ireland , 40 , 8007 ., being an increase of about 37 , 000 / . over 1835 , and the work being building bridges where there were no rivers , or rather , projecting bridges where there were no rivers , and roads where there was no traffic . The next is an awful item—an item furnishing the strongest conviction of the injustice of the Government , the horrors of the system , and the increasing inducements to crime—it is 42 , 707 / . increase in law charges , which should be translated into " Government persecution . "
But this is but a small item , for it is f o l lowed by an increase of 238 , 000 / ., since 1835 , for prosecutions , prisoners , and Irish Constabulary , thrown upon the public in compliance with the Report of Lord Devon ' s Land Commission . What a characteristic solution of the Land Question is the increase of 238 , 000 / per annum for prisoners , prosecutions , and Cori . stabulary . The expense of prisons , since 1835 , has increased by nearly 65 , 000 / . ; and the " Times" tells us that , " If anybody will cut down this figure , he will earn the eternal gratitude of the nation . " We shall not receive the gratitude of the " Times " but our p lan for the correction of the evil is—locate the people upon the land of their birth , and you not only cut down but dissolve the figure .
The next item furnishes another strong proof of the guilt of the Government and the horrors of the system which impelled good men to the commission of crime ; convicts at home and abroad have 'mounted from 111 , 306 / . in 1835 , to 370 , 000 / . in 1848 , thus showing an increase of nearly 277 , 000 / . The Police of Dublin has risen from 16 , 000 / . to 36 , 000 / ., showing an increase of 20 , 000 / . per annum , snd , of course , a corresponding increase of crime , as the necessity of the force depends upon the commission of crime , and the recipients of the funds are the greatest inciters to its commission .
We next come to the sunny side of the " Times" Budget , and it is most characteristically introduced . The " Ti m es ' says , " We now come to more agreeable subjects . It has latel y occurred to the Legislature that perhaps education may supersede punishment ,-and schools stand instead of prisons . So on English education we have an increase of 95 , 000 / . ; on Irish an increase of 85 , 000 / ., and for Schools of Design a new item of 10 , 000 / . We can onl y say of the scheme ' Felix fuusiumque sit '
The Irish mode of answering a question is to ask another , and in turn we ask the " Times , " if the most subtle lawyer could suppl y stronger proof of the guilt of the Government ? We are told that it has «• LATELY occurred to the Legislature that PERHAPS education may supersede PUNISHMENT , and SCHOOLS stand instead of PRISONS . " It is the Whig maxim from beginning to end . «« When the steed is stolen shut the stable door , " and instead of "Prevention being better than cure j " the cure comes when the disease is incurable , but when its tardy and useless application may supply patronage to the physicians .
The next item is the charge for the British Museum , which is an increase of over 60 , 000 / . The next is for the Museum of Practical Geology , 10 , 978 / . The next is for New Zealand and our ether New Colonies , 45 , 130 / . j this U onl y to nurse them in their infancy . The next is for Consuls in China and some expenses in Hong Kong , 49 , 400 / . The next is for Militia and Volunteers in Canada , 16 , 000 / . The next is for Navigation and Drainage in Ireland , 32 , 000 / . The next is Ambassadors ' Residences in Constantinople and Madrid io , ooo £ ; while our ambassador has lieeti kicked out of Madrid , and the amount would build lo 0 cottages for peasants at home The next is Medals or the Army and Naw 22 500 / , The finish is for Steam Navigation to India , 50 , 000 / ., and the grand total o / SSSS
We Recommend The Letter Of Mr O'Connor I...
since 1835 , thirteen years of Peace , RETRENCHMENT , and Reform , is ONE MILLION EIGHT HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEEN POUNDS , or as much as would locate , each year eleven thousand five hundre d and sixty-eight paupers up sn'two acres of land , at 30 / . an acre , with a cottage at 100 / ., and thus , at hve to a family snatch fiftr-se ven thousand eight hundred and forty from the hulk , the prison and the grave , and return an annual rental of one hundred and fifteen thousand six hundred
and eighty pounds ; as no occupant would refuse to pav , or be unable to pay , 10 / . a-year for his holding . In conclusion , we need only observe , that if the Budgets are intended as spurs for the electoral body , Mr . Smee * Budget will receive but little favour in the eyes of that numerous class of householders who now enjoy exemption from the Income Tax but who would then come within its fangs . The Land , therefore , we say , and the proper application of domestic labour to its cultivation , is the only hope for Labour and can be the onlv salvation of the Labourer .
Prince Louis Napoleon Axd The Land. Prin...
PRINCE LOUIS NAPOLEON AXD THE LAND . Prince Louis Napoleon , like other e xiles , when the p risoner of Louis Philippe , was sneered at and scoffed at by the adherents ol that old woman , and , mayhap , like many othei exiles , there vras a latent genius and talent in the enemy which caused dread and consternation to his jailor . Our main objection to , and chanre airainst . the present French
President was , that while he encouraged the battle ef Labour against monopoly in France , he enlisted as a Special Constable in the ranks of the monopolists in England ; that was our ground of objection , and a justifiable one ; but , unlike other censors , if subsequent events should tend to tilter our opinion , we shall ever have the courage and manliness to con fess our error .
Some subsequent facts and some previous facts hare induced us to considerably moderate our suspicions of the chaviicter and capacity of the French President . The subsequent events are , that in defiance of the opposition of his Minister he has proclaimed a very extensive amnesty to political offenders—as the brave men who foug ht lor their liberties , and achieved his elevation , are designated—while the previous fact is , that while the French President was a prisoner in Ham , he wrote a little book , entitled
« EXTINCTION OF PAUPERISM , " and which , upon former occasions , we have reviewed , but not to the extent to which its increased merit , by the increased ability of the writer to carry his views into practice , would entitle it . As a matter of course , none but a practical agriculturist can be expected to ' supply a practical treatise upon agriculture : while , upon the other hand , if a person baring extensive power , advocates a theory of the
practical working of which he is ignorant , there is little doubt but practical men will be selected to carry out his theory . And while the question of the Land , and its more equitable distribution , is now becoming the allabsorbing topic , not with the Old World only , but in America as well , the opinions of the " French President upon the subject cannot be considered without due and paramount importance being attacked to them .
We do not wholly acquiesce in the means proposed by the Prince for carrying out his agricultural operations , as the management smacks strongly of military discipline , and unequal and disadvantageous co-operation . Nevertheless , we acquiesce cordially in the principle , feeling convinced that , as with all other undertakings , time and experience will correct inaccuracies , fallacies , and bad
management . But , then , shall we be obliged hereafter to refer to our old maxim , "That there ia a wide difference between men seeking for power and the same men exercising power when achieved . '' If not , and should the Prince carry out the principle very fervently and very ably advocated in his treatise of the appropriation of Land to tbe Peasant Popula tion , we shall hail the little production as a great Godsend . Next week we shall publish
this little Treatise , entire , in the " Northern Star" and thus save the reader th * price of the book , which is sixpence . With the statistical tables furnishing a calculation of the expences and receipts of an agricultural colonythe whole will not occupy more than about f our columns , and its attentive perusal and study will amply repay the reader . And as we feel no small pride in our bantling , we feel no jealousy towards those who would dress it according to their own " Fashion Book . "
It was written in 1844 , and from its perusal the . English reader will be able to form an estimate of the value of the reviled Land Plan , while we can proudly call his attention to the strict identity between our views upon the subject , and those portions of the Prince ' s which are practicable . However , not wishing to be monopolists of the subject , we luxuriate and revel in the conviction , that ere long every joun nal in the kingdom will adopt our old principles , not as their new , but as their infant convictions , basing their heretofore opposition or silence upon the ignorance of the people , or that the time for experimentalising had only just arrived .
We will cheerfully accept any change as proof of repentance , and will as cheerfully grant absolution to our revilers , when their influence is directed—no matter how late—to the accomplishment of Labour ' s emancipation , and the establishment of Britain ' s real glory , as eur rulers may rest assured , that , to the proper cultivation of our national resources , they must now look , as their onl y hope of redemption from rain and national bankruptcy .
Prince President , carry out your Land Plan . Turn the sword into the ploughshare . Surround your dignity with grateful hearts instead of bristling bayonets , and then , rely upon it , that however the struggle may come , between Monarchy and Republic ; Pretender or Legitimists , that your pretension will be stronger , firmer , and more legitimate , than the right divine of him who would support his title ander God by the slaying of God ' s children ; and that Fiance , through you , will furnish to the world the true and just solution of the Labour Question ; and that the English Minister will find it very difficult to extract from John Bull the means of deposing one whose object is the elevation of his countrymen .
Ministerial Changes And Policy, The Rece...
MINISTERIAL CHANGES AND POLICY , The recent death of Lord Auckland , First Lord of the Admiralty , and the approach ol the Session of Parliament for 1849 , seem at length to have restored the suspended animation of a Cabinet , never too buoyant or lively . As yet we have no definite indication of the policy with which Lord John Russell proposes to open the session . The official circular he has issued to Members sitting on the official side of the . House , states that "business of great importance will be proceeded with in the opening of the session , " and his Lordshi p therefore hopes " it will be convenient" for those Members to attend ia their places on the first ol February . Knowing by past experience the propensity Of the Whigs to palm eff upon the country shams and trifles , as " business of great importance / ' whenever they think they can do so successfully , we must wait until the Ministenal programme is made public , before we can judge what Lord John considers " business of great importance . '' Heaven knows there is
Ministerial Changes And Policy, The Rece...
plenty of such business to be done , but as to the will and the capacity to do it , that is quite another affair . . , In the meantime , some circumstances have transpired which throw an inferentia light upon the Premier ' s position and tendencies if not his actual policy , ana which indicate that he is by no means confident of his resources , or that he possesses the strength requisite to withstand the middle class opposition , both on financial and political questions , with Which he is threatened in the ensuing session . V .
Lord Auckland ' s decease offered an opportunity of providing additional emolument and patronage to some of the members of what Mr . Of borne so frequently called the " The Happy Family , '' of which nothing but very strong reasons indeed could have prevented them from taking advantage . Had the Whig eliqM found themselves at all in an easy position , there can be no doubt , that the father-in-l aw of the Premier , and powerful chief of the lucky tribe of Elliots , would have been transferred from the snug berth of Keeper of the Privy Seal—to the better paid situation of First Lord of the Admiralty . This
would , of course , have made room for some other member of the " Happy Famil y , " and a step upwards to several , as the pleasant consequences of the vacancy . But Lord John , on mustering his troops and recollecting the wretched figure they cut last year , felt like Falstaff , ashamed of marching through Coventry with such a " shaky lot . " However disagreeable to share the patronage , emoluments and influence of office , yet , that is better than to lose them altogether , and , under this impression , his lordship sent last week to Netherby Hall for the assistance of
Sir James Graham . That Right Hon . Bart , lost no time in answering the summons . Within three hours of ita receipt , he left Carlisle by the first train for London . and had an immediate interview with Lord John . It is understood that the Premier then offered him the office of First Lord of the Admiralty . " This offer" says a ministerial journal , " w « s made in a spirit of frankaess and good feeling , with a sincere desire to bury in oblivion all past differences , which may have interrupted the
harmony of men now holding the same opinions , aad which are prejudicial to the permanent interests of tho country . " It is not quite clear whether the " past differences" or the present " opinions' * of Lord John Russell and Sir J . Graham " are prejudicial to the permanent interests of the country . " If our interpretation was to be depended upon , it would be the latter , and , at all events , whether it is tbe grammatical reading of the official sentence , there can ba no doubt as to its correctness in
fact . . Sir James , we are told by the same authority received "the offer with a perfect acknowledgment of the public motives which had suggested the proposal , although , after some consideration , he declined to accept it . " The reasons why he is said to-have done so , have oozed out through other channels . The Netherby Baronet , whatever may be his defects as a politician , ! . ? at all events a thorough man of business ; and he is said to have made as a condition of his acceptance of office , the kicking out of a few of the imbeciles and incapables who now cumber the Treasury Bench , and the substitution of Mr . Sidney Harberr , Mr . Card well , and others of the Peel party in their places .
This would have amounted , in fact , to a coalition of tbe Whigs and Peelites , and that upon terms which , while it left the nominal Premiership with the Whigs , must , from the greater ability and administrative talent of the Peel section , have given them the real preponderance . It is now veil known that Sir R . Peel has a decided intention not to accept office again . What so natural as that his Home Secretary—a man who has served a long apprenticeshi p to the art of governing , and who undoubtedly occupies the second place in his party—should aspire to the position of Premier ?
But Lord John , though quite willing upon public measures to accept the assistance of Sir James Graham , so long as it mi ght have tbe tendency to strengthen the position of himself and friends as occupants of the Treasury Bench , had his " privatemotives" for declining to be got rid of by a side wind in this dexterous manner , the negotiation therefore ended in nothing , although at the commencement of bit
present term of office hw Lordshi p offered seats to Lord Lincoln , Lord Dalhousie . and Mr . Sidney Herbert , two of whom he now decline * - to admit to power . It is clear he is sadly in want of the assistance of the party but wishes to keep them subordinate . It is equally clear that they have no inteation of playing second fiddle to such a shabby and inferior clique of officials as Lord John has now about him .
Thus this chance for an accession of strength to the ricketty Cabinet has passed away ; nobod y will imagine that the filling up of the vacant place with Sir F . Baring—the Chancellor of a former Whig Government , who will be known to posterity as having "fished for a budget in a bottomless sea of deficiency , " will add one iota of real power to the present Administration . We must be prepared to expect the same gross blunders in the commonest details of every-day business , the same playing fast and loose with principle which has distinguished this most ignorant and most tricky Administration ever since its inauguration . It came into office upon false pretences , ana it can only retain power by similar means .
One significant admission creeps out in these Ministerial negociations , which must not be forgotten . Lord John distinctl y avows that Sir James Graham and himself " now hold the same opinions ; " the inference is , that the parties more immediately connected with these two leaders possess an equal identity of opinion . We may therefore expect , in the ensuing session , to find them upon every great question in the same lobby on a division , and in every debate doggedl y opposing both fiscal and political Reform .
In fact , Lord John , by proposing this coalition , has indirectly hut unmistakeably proclaimed war with the Financial Reform Association led by Mr . Cobden , and the Household Suffrage Movement under Mr , Hume . So far as he and his party , backed by Peelites and Protectionists , can prevent it , this country shall neither have cheap Government , nor such organic changes as will gire the people a real control over the management of its affairs . Time will show who is to conquer ; but , meanwhile , it is just as well that there should be no mistake about the character and intentions of those with whom we have to wage the approaching conflict .
The Tooting Pestilence. "Toshut The Stab...
THE TOOTING PESTILENCE "Toshut the stable door when the steed is stolen , " is a species of wisdom with which we are familiar in this country . It does not matter how palpable and dangerous anv institution or practice may be , so long as it does not take away life , or otherwise inflict material injury ; but the moment that takes place which everybody might have foreseen as the inevitable consequence of not taking measures to prevent them from doing mischief—the whole machinery of our Courts , from the Coroners upwards , is put in motion to ascertain who is to blame in the matter . Would it not be much better , much cheaper , and more done ? '" ' preVCnt the mkchief WSJ
It appears , that the anomalous and dtarrare ful nature of the pauper farms didlitrfqS to be demonstrated by suxh a fo ^^ g haslall 7 alling lm ° flifc " thatwWch W * ™ Z ^ children"farmed S nnl f f ooUl W . The Poor Law Board had ts attention called to the subject last year , v th refere nce to the Peckham Asylum (?) for adults , m which the same "farming"
pria-- ni . in ir-trd rr ™ These authorities were ciple i « acted upon . These authorities were 3 asked the p lain question , " Whether establish--ments connected with Poor Law Unions ,, wherein the poor are fanned , came under the i control and inspection of the Poor Law Board ? " , . . One would have thought this 60 plain a i question , that an answer to it would have been i no difficult matter ; but the fear of being ; saddled with the responsibility which a direct , affirmative would have involved , produced I
only evasive replies from the Board , until , at ; last , Lord Ebrington was driven into the admission , that , " upon a strict construction of the Act , the Board may possibly possess some > r ' viht of control over such establishments . " " But , " added his Lordship , " as the contractor ; and his servants ' cannot be held to be paid : officers within the terms of the Act , the t Board could not , without great practical Uimcultv , subject such establishments to its regulations " - ^ , the farmers of juvenile and adult poverty may do as they like for the Board . Mr . Hall , the Poor Law Inspector
for the Metrop olitan District , who was examined at the inquest held on some of the c hildren belong ing to the Holborn Union , repeated in substance the same opinions as to the non-responsibilitv of the Poor Law Board and its officers with respect to these places . He had visited Drouet's Pauper Warren at Tooting , misnamed an Asylum , but it wag more as an informant or spy for the Poor Law Board , than as one having authority to alter or amend anvthing he might see wrong . The only course which this official and his superiors could think of to ensure good treatment to the swarming hundreds who were crammed into an insufficient space , wai to bribe Mr . Drouet with an annual grant of 250 ?' ,
for what was called " educational purposes . Money-bribery is the great Whig instrument for ovt > ty kind of difficulty—whether i # s t-e keep a nation quiet by bribing its priests , or to induce a fanner of paupers to do his duty to tiie helpless mass of orphanhood and poverty committed to his charge , tbe means are the s . ime . If Drouet Imd taken the money , then they would have assumed a power over him which , according to their own showing , would , even then , have had no clear foundation in Jaw .
A much more direct and effectual method of dealing with the monstrous abominations generated in such establishments , was pointed out by Mr . Hall in the same evidence . He said that the Poor Law Board undoubtedly pos « sessed the power of issuing a peremptory order forbidding the farming out of pauper children , and the withdrawal of all those so farmed out . If that h « d been dono in November , when Mr . H a ll paid his hst official visit to Tooting , and warned Drouet that his so-called asylum was then over-stocked—that the children were
sleeping three in a bed , contrary to law , which prohibits more than two children above seven years of age in one bed—that tha ventilation was defective , and no means provided , whereby even the scanty dietary professedly given , could be ensured to the children—if , we say , Mr . Flail had then induced the Poor Law Board to issue such " a peremptory order , ' '—it would have shut up the pest-house at Tooting , and saved the lives of the children , who in January were stricken down in hundreds b y the pestilence , generated b y the causes enumerated . .
The inquiry is still pending , and it is there , fore improper to anticipate what the verdict of the Coroner's Jury may be , as to the proportion in which the culpability and the responsi . bility have to be shared among the Contractor , the Boards of Guardians and the Poor Law Board . There can , however , be no doubt that among them they have committed a gross and monstrous breach of the laws of humanity , and caused death upon an appalling scale of magnitude . Never , too , were death-beds of any kind attended by more disgraceful , deplorable ^ and disgusting circumstances .
l-or an account of the sickening details , as supplied in an official report by Mr . Grainger , one of the medical inspectors to the Board of Health , we must refer our readers to the report of the inquest in our seventh page . It is impossible to conceive anything more infamous than the facts disclosed in that report Yet in the same report we find that , after a lapse of some time from his first visit , not one of the recommendations of Mr . Grainger were
carried out for removing the more palpable and offensive evils set forth , and of mitigating in some degree the violence of the pestilence which had broken out among these poor children . These recommendations involved expense , and the Contractor could not afford to throw away his money for any such purpose . One surgeon , twenty . five years of age , at a salary of 50 £ . a-year , and two nurses , were all that the calculation allowed to look after the health of thirteen hundred and fifty ohildreti .
The Poor Law Board are doing all in their power to get out of the responsibility . Mr . Drouet will do the same ; the Board of Guardians will , no doubt , Jprove by minutes and letters that everything they did was all perfectly regular and in the way of business ; and , perhaps , the result may be a verdict of general censure , but inculpating nobody in particular . Should the inquiry end this way in this particular case , we trust the terrible mortality which the "farming system" has incontestibl y produced , will lead to its destruction , and the formation of arrangements for the children of the poor , at least as humane and healthy aa those provided for felons and burglars .
The Colliers Of Northumberland And Durha...
THE COLLIERS OF NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM . We had prepared an article upon the letter ? of Mr Hall , which appeared in the Star of last weok , setting forth the present deplorable condition and hopeless state of tho colliers of Northumberland and Durham , and the tyranny of the viewers and Coal Kings , and iu which we have shown the amount of gain accruing to the colliers under the management of W . P . Roberts , and the amount now filched from them when deprived of the services of that gentleman . We are glad when the working classes gain wisdom from experience , and a 8 we have received many letters from the mining districts , expressing an anxious wish for the
re-ongagement of Mr . Roberts , we would also say to that gentleman— - " Gain wisdom by experience ; don 't bo hasty again to embark m a cause in which your fame may be da maged bv tools of the the Coal Kings , who have now become the greatest oppressors of those whose rights they so enthusiasticall y contended for until , they established their own comfort upou the destitution of others . " ^ Tho article shall appear next week : mean , tuno we are happy to find the Collier Movement reviving , and as a preliminary step to its reorganisation , wc would recommend the summoning of a District Conferenceat which
, Mr Roberts might be invited to attend . Martin Judo , also , one of tho most honest and zealous supporters of the people ' s ri g hts , has been vietimised b y the very men whose cause ho so S ~ ealousl and disinterestedl y advocated TV e shall astonish the weak minds of individual colliers , when we show them , both the individual and aggregate amount . of loss tuoy have sustained by tho loss of their legal advisor—the destruction of their organisation —and tho corruption and rascality of thoee upon whoso honestv they relied .
Eo Erorreapotttr-Ntte
eo erorreapotttr-ntte
The Vicrim*._Jolin Ai-Nntt, Somerstiwn. ...
The VicriM * . _ Jolin Ai-nntt , SomersTiwn . ackiiowlc-. l ..,.., , i . ~ receipt of the foll « win Kl on Urfudf of tho vCtwCd . - rmnMr . MT . ratn . . India ' s Dunjroon IL ^ li £± Constitution of So-. -- . cty ( three copies ) , Child ™ of 11 Abbey . rwmcrut I ^ lowood Forest , Paul and Vii $ nh and ciijht other books , Mr . Thomas Chirk , Burns * & jron 8 Select Poems , lVtry for the Miffioi B iffi burj , ent Uue . 1 . Gommuiitui'v on the Millinrv vU-, uy > mente of the British . Empire * and Zn 8 & SSrSd -Mr . Harmon , ftye 13 Qoks ¦ Mr . Sumner , ifeSf s *
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 20, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20011849/page/4/
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