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with their shoulders Decembee 20, 1851. ...
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aanflfn puiuv
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TOO POOB, TO PAY. ¦ ^e were so poor when...
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Stemeure.
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A Faggot of French Sticks. By the Anlhor...
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Sronterre O'Brien's European Letters. No...
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The Monthly Digest. By E. B. Lovez%, Esq...
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THE STREET TRAFFIC OF LONDON. The appear...
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Rkform of thb Law op Partnership. — It i...
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vannm
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A rogue is a round about fool, a fool in...
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ft'o more i'llln hoi- a«>- alhev JST.-aysi 5!>,0!I0 Cl/JtKS iJV HIT HARRY'S
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THB'UtEDdKB OF NoRTnuilBERLAND. —It i un...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
With Their Shoulders Decembee 20, 1851. ...
Decembee 20 , 1851 . ~ -...... ' m ,, ' . ~ ; ; ' J ' ~ THE NORTHERN STARt 7 — '" wiiui i . ¦ - - , ¦ . . ¦ o ?
Aanflfn Puiuv
aanflfn puiuv
Too Poob, To Pay. ¦ ^E Were So Poor When...
TOO POOB , TO PAY . ¦ ^ e were so poor when buby died , And mother stitched his shroud , Xhe others iu their hunger cried , Tfkh sorrow wild and loud ; "V ? e were so poor we could not pay The man to carry him away . I see it still before my eyes ;—It lies upon the bed , And mother whispers through her sighs , «« The little boy is dead , " A little box of common pine Bis coffin was—and may be mine ! Ihey laid our little brother out ,
| And wrapped bis form in white , And , as they turned his bead about , We saw the solemn sight ; And wept as little children weep , And kissed the dead one in hia sleep I "We looked our last upon his face , And said our last " good-bye , " While mother laid him in tbe place "Where those are laid who die : Tbe sexton shoved tbe box away , Because we were too poor to pay J Y ? e were too poor to hire a hearse , And could ' nt get a pall ; And when we drove him to the grave A waggon held ns all : 'Twas I who drove the horse , and I "Who told my mother not to cry .
"We rode along the crowded tOWD , And felt so lone and drear , And oft our tears came trickling down , Because no friends were near . The folks were stronger * , selfish men , "Who hadn't lost a baby thea ! "We reached the grave , and laid him there , With all the dead around * There was no priest to say a prayer And bless the holy ground . So home we went in grief and pain j But home w . is never homo again !
And there he sleeps , without a stone To mark the sacred spot ; Hut though , to all the world uuhnown , By us 'tis ne ' er forgot . " We mean t » TaweasionesDrs 5 day , But now we are too poor io pay !
New fork Tribune
Stemeure.
Stemeure .
A Faggot Of French Sticks. By The Anlhor...
A Faggot of French Sticks . By the Anlhor of Bubbles from theBrunnea of Nassau . ' 2 Yols . London i Murray . Evebtthing connected with Prance has at the present moment a more than ordinary interest , and hence although Sir Francis Head deals with old and not new French ' sticks , ' Bis book is likely to have ' a run / After the Iapie of thirty years he found himself again in Paris , in the spring of this year , iu search of an occulist , though by tbe use he made of his eyes during his three weeks , we are inclined to think there cannot he ? exy much the matter urith them .
A great part of the contents of hie two holkr volumes is composed of materials hy no means either * rich or rare . ' In fact , all seems to hare been fish that came to his net ; and he writes in charming obliviousness of the fact that the guide-books had already anticipated his information as to the streets of Paris , the public conveyances , and the public sights ; bufc then Sir Francis is a ready writer , and bis style has a certain attractiveness of its own , so that the ' auld things look amaist as wee ] as new * in his pages , and ho has in some cases really presented them in a new aspect , from his mode of looking at them . The
' Old Man' carried with him some letters of mtcoduction , but he never used them , resolving to rely on himself and French politeness , or rather liberality to strangers , Ifor was be disappointed . Except iu a few cases , where exclusion was the rule , —as in the military educational establishments , and the barracks , which last are closed In compliance with the soldiers' dislike to be shown ' like wild beasts , ' —the application and passport of the traveller procured him free admission and full information everywhere . To places that were closed Sir Francis used his name or his influence , for he got Minister ial orders of admission , and was favoured with a seat at the President ' s
dinner table ; in return for which he has written to ihe ' Times' a letter , in praise of the justice , benevolence , and disinterestedness , and high-mindedness of M . Bonaparte ! The * Times' supposes that these epithets are used ironically . But , then remember that Sir Francis was in search of an occulist , and could hardl y he expected to see things in their true li g ht , under the influence of the lights , the cookery , the wines , and the fascinations of the dinner table of the Elysee .
Ia preference to extracting any of the light gossipy matter with which the volumes abound , we prefer to g ive our readers an idea or the training of that military power , under the dominion of which France has just fallen . We stand in the face of an ominous future . How soon the troops , who have hutchered the people of France in order to place Louis Bonaparte at the head of a thinly veiled despotism , may require to have woi-k cut out for
them away from Prance it is impossible to say . But employed they must be ; and all the probabilities point to the renewal of that menaced invasion from Boulogne , which more than forty years since converted the adult male population of this country into volunteers . If attempted , it will be a much more feasible and practical scheme than when tried by his uncle ; aud it may therefore be as well for us to bare a notion of the foes we shall have to
contend against . Wherever Sir Prancis Head vent , he found everything admirable ; whether he went to the barracks , where the soldiery are trainedto what we should call the military schools , where the mass of officers are instructed—or to the Ecole d'Etat Major—where the most Promising are initiated into the hig her branches of military science , as well in theory as in practice , to qualify them for staff appointments as well as for command . It is possible , as is often the ease in France , that the theory may be better than the jractice , and that Sir Francis Head , according to his natural habit , exaggerates the good as well as the evil . But there is no doubt about the
t-fSciency of the French army , no doubt that there is a thorough system , and as little doubt about certain facts . This method of exercising soldiers in gymnastics in the barrack military school , available for military purposes as well as for giving suppleness to the limbs , is only one branch of the training . After passing through a large park of artillery and of pontoons , I entered the gymnasium of the Ecole JKlitatre ; a large open court , containing , hesides all sorts of strange-looting hieroglyphics , a long lofty gibbet , with a ladder at each end , comwumcMing with the beam , from which were bangin ? fn .. rt «^ n rnn « s uo which soldiers were haulmg
themselves until they approached the beam , beneath which they proceeded horizontally , by unyoking the fourteen ropes frem one set of rings to another . In another direction , one or two soldiers w ascending the lofty wall that surrounded the c « nrt , by inserting the points of their fingers and ^ 65 into sli ght crevices tbat had been purposely 'ttade bv the abstraction of the mortar . In front Oi Mother part of the wall , men were vibrating or Ringing , by means of ropes attached to the Ktomij . in tue ceQtre , under the command of two wScers on dutv , several men were performing feats * hich really astonished me . Some , with great a ? Iuty and in various ways , vaulted on and over a **** uf vrornlpn horse others , kneeling on it .
= " rnedorerin the air like mountebanks . In an-£ &«• direction , on a pole about six feet from the puud , was seated a soldier , who , without touches it with iisimid , raised his foot up to it , a »« £ ? tti rose up _ pronj a 5 inaI 1 m 0 YCa 5 ) ie scaffolding . aluv feet h 5 8 « several soldiers sprang forwards T ^ uien backwards on a lump ofloose san d beneath . « ' ? . three jumped in this way fr-. m the top of j *« gibbe t , fourteen feet high . Just before I en-. i ibis cvmnasium fnr t . h « « . mnl time . T had lb
Co ^ 'fi "BilMn e Ec » , Militaire , to meet * eln T od ' * r 3 l ° ^ gallantly distinguished ahnevid ^ rt J 0 n Lord "" dingo's staff ; and as we witnp - t 00 k maeli interest in the feats we were unmh B | f , A B tv 0 offieers on duty caIled together mu -r M the men . Eight were made to stoop ,
A Faggot Of French Sticks. By The Anlhor...
with their shoulders resting ajiainsfc each other , and while they we in tnis position , three or four ot their comrades , one after another , running quickly along a spring-board , not only jumped over tnem , but , malting a summerset in die air , landed very cleverly on their feet ; and the officers , seeing we were somewhat astonished , increased the number of gtoopcrs from eight to fourteen , over the w holeof whom two or three men , following each other in quick succession , making a summerset in the air and landing lightly on their feet , ran on as » no such parenthesis in their lives had occurr « d From one of the officers I ascertained that all the soldiers under thirty years Of age within the Ecole -Mshtuire were required to perform gymnastic exercises twice a week for two hours at a time , hut that after the age mentioned _ their attendance ceased to be compulsory . wit ! , * i , « : 1 . - .. U- " _ . ' \
The candidates for commissions in the Line are subjected to a similar training in gymnastics , as well as in all the minutiee of drill , & c , at the same time they are exercised in their peculiar duties as officers . On entering the Champ de Mars , at about two 0 clock I found two companies of the eleves going through various manoeuvres in the presence of a Chef de Battaillon , who , in uniform and on horseback , held in his hand tbe notes of duties for the day ; but the words of command were given by the eleves , who are taught—seriatim—to act the Part ° f » u ranks , from a private up to that of the Chef de Battaillon who superintends them . They are also , for an hour or two every day , made first to trace on the ground , and then practically to
construct , fieid-worKs ; and accordingly , some were employed in finishing one , the parapet of which , fourteen feet high , was surrounded by a ditch six feet deep . Among the works they had Completed , I Observed with great interest several ovens for campaigning— "fours do campaigns "very ingeniously constructed beneath the surface of the ground . Adjoining to these they had heflu taught to construct , for ihe purpose of COOliinjJ boiling cauldrons , « fco ., " en bivouac , " holes , from which little subterranean flues , as if they had been burrowed hy a mole , ran for the admittance Of alt , and for the exit ot smoke . At the further end existed a small park of nine pieces of artillery , gabions , fascines , several sheds full of spades , pickaxes , & c « , a yard containing shot and shells , and a powder magazine .
Beyond the Champ de Mars , in tbe long practising ground 1 bare described , I found a butt and three batteries , one of which , with four embrasures , five hundred and fifty yards from tbe butt , had lately been made by tbe eleves . We now walked up to a party of them in heavy marching order ( with their knapsacks on their backs ) employed in piaetieing with the new muskets and with fixed bayonets at a target , distant three hundred and thirty yards . - Some fired at it
erect ; others , by bending down on their right knee , and then placing their left elbow on the left thigh , obtained a rest apparently of great use . The recoil of tbe musket in the hands of these young men was very violent indeed and yet , by the report the offi « cer superintending them showed me , it appeared they had , at . the distance above named , struck tbe target ( six feet six inches high by nine feet three inches , made to represent four men standing together ) ones in ten times , which , he observed to me , was about the usual average .
Each eleve , or candidate for a commission in the Line , during the two years he is at the establishment of St . Cyr , is required to fire per annum , at various distances , twenty-eight halls for muskets , and tbe same number for carbines , " musquetons " for cavalry , and pistols . A record is kept of every bullet that bits ihe target , and at tne end of the year , a prize , consisting of a pair of pistols is awarded to the best shot ; besides which , the best thirty are assembled to fire in presence of tho General , who gives a second pair of pistols to thebest performer before him . During the second year only , each subdivision fire—from distances of five hundred and fifty , six hundred and sixty , and seven hundred and seventy yards—two sheila from mortars , one from a howitzer , and nine shot from cannons ; and , as in the case of small-arms , a pair of pistols is awarded to the best marksman .
"At a considerable distance off , in the open country , I observed several of the young men very intently occupied in walking together in groups and then suddenly stopping . On reaching them , IW 3 B introduced to the officer ( the adjutant of artillery ) in charge of the party . The object of the instruction was as follows ; the officer pointed out to them a tree about two hundred and fifty yards off , and calling to them hy then * names ( in the French regiments of the Line the men are called by their numbers ) , he inouired of each , before all the rest ,
What he considered was that distance ? and recording in the book be held in his band the answer , be repeated seriatim the same question to ' every one , until all their replies were put down . The precise distance was tben measured with a chain by two of the eeves , followed by all the rest . As soon as it was ascertained , the officer , calling around him tbe whole of bis party , announced it to them ; and having done so , he read out loud the name ( Monsieur } , with the distance be had estimated , and in like manner that of every one present ; several had guessed it within ten yards .
Promotion is awarded to merit , and not family influence or wealth , as in our army . Let us now see the effect upon the soldiers at a review by the President , to which Sir Francis was invited to accompany him . As each company rapidly advanced , their appearance was not only astonishing but truly beautiful . Although , according to French regulations , they bad come to the review not only in heavy marching order ( knapsacks and greatcoats , ) bat laden with camp-Kettles and pans lor soup , & c . ( they are not
allowed when reviewed to leave anything behind , ) they advanced and passed with an ease and lightness of step it is quite impossible to describe , and which I am sensible can scarcely be believed unless it has been witnessed . In this way they preceded the cavalry , who were at a trot ; and as soon as the last company had passed the President , the band aud tambour-major , who had never ceased dancing for an instant , accompanied by the two white halfsbaved poodle dogs , darted after them , until the whole diappeared from vievr .
On expressing my astonishment at the pace at which ibey pissed , I was assured by _ two or three general officers , as well as by the President himself , that the " chasseurs a pied" in the French service can , in heavy marching order aud carrying everything , keep up with the cavalry at a trot for two leagues ; indeed , ihey added , if necessary , for a couple of hours : the effect , no doubt , of the gymnastic exercises 1 had witnessed , and which I had been truly told by the French officers superintending them were instituted for the purpose of
giving activity and celerity of movement to the troops . The chasseurs a pied are armed with the new internally grooved French carbine , the extraordinarv range of which I have described ; and as their £ re is deadly at a distance more than three times greater than that of the English ordinary musket , their power of speedily advancing , and , if necessary , as speedily running away , all added together , form advantages which , it is submitted , are worthy of the very serious consideration of the British nation .
A hundred thousand such men are now concentrated in Paris , and three hundred thousand are in other parts of France ; a large number of whom could be placed in a few hours on the shores of the Channel . It is a grave question what naval force we have at hand to oppose a passage if attempted , and what military means we have to resist an army if it managed to land . What number of men of war and war-steamers could be concentrated in eig ht-and-forty hours at Portsmouth ? What number of regular troops ,
or men who had ever been trained to arms , could be thrown upon any given point of our Southern coast at a few days' notice ? Of course it is easy to say that tbe President , Consul , Emperor , or whatever he is to be called , has no wish to involve himself in foreign wars , and that he has quite enough to do at home . To this it may be replied , that tbe acts of the ruler may not depend upon his wishes but his necessities ; while he has shown clearly enough tbat no restraints of law , morality , or usage , will he allowed to stand between him and any personal object .
Lord Palmerston may . speedil y have to make np his mind whether we shall wait to be attacked , or remove tbe contest from our own doors by aiding the oppressed peoples on the Continent , and giving the despots work at home .
Sronterre O'Brien's European Letters. No...
Sronterre O'Brien ' s European Letters . Nos . I . and II . London : Watson . Queen ' s Head-pa « sage , Paternoster-row . The author of these ' Letters , ' which arc intended to be published weekly—' or oftener , if need be '—requires no introduction from ns . His princip les and peculiar opinions are , perhaps better and more widely known than those of any other pop ular leader ; and m the programme of the subjects to be included in tbem ve find not a single question of political or social , of home or foreign interest , omitted . Louis Kossuth forms the subject of the first letter . One half is occup ied by a letter
Sronterre O'Brien's European Letters. No...
to the illustrious Hungarian , in which Mr . O'Brien very freely reviews his career erd epeecbes in this . country ; and the other b ?)/ by a spirited biographical sketch . Much has been said in our columns about the treatment of Mr . O'Connor at Copenhagen Fields and Hi ghbury Barn . Prom the following extract it would appear that the hon . member for Nottingham was not tho onlv maitvais snjet with which the ' respectabilities' were afraid of coming in contact . Addressing M . Kossutli , Mr . O'Brien says : _
Though I had some share as a public man and as one of the " General Committee" in getting up the Metropolitan Demonstration for you on the 3 rd ult ., I have been given to understand ( darkly , it is true , for the explanation dared not he open ) that I was one of the parties to whose presence at the demonstration you thought proper to enter a caveat with the managers of the Managing Committee , who " managed" the whole affair . Yes , sir , whether true or false , the report has gone abroad , and is generally credited , that Feargus O'Connor and Bronterre O'Brien were two names specially objected to by the friends who surrounded you . It may be so ; it may not be so . This , at least , is fact , tbatjeargus 0 ' Connor was , for some hours ,
excluded from the great room in Copenhagen House , on the alleged ground that Kossuth had Objected to his presence , lest be might obtrude himself upon the public , or upon M . Kossuth himself , during tbe demonstration . The managers of the Managing Committee bad no such fears of me . Besides , being one ot the " General Committe " they COUlli not well exclude me . They did , however , the next worst thing—they refused point blank to perform tho ceremony of introducing me to you , although 1 had several times expressed the wish when you were disengaged , and asked only the bare formality of presentation . I knew not , nor did I even suspect , th 8 CaUSe at thO time . I suspected , indeed , from
Mr . Thornton Hunt ' s awfully . reserved , and ultradiplomatic manner / that there was a " screw loose" somewhere . It is now plain enough—the affair WftS from first to last a miserable Whig-radical aflair , in which the people and their true friends were only considered as accessories necessary t o swell the pageant . I was upwards of one hour endeavouring to prevail on the '' managers" to admit Mr . O'Connor before the arrival of Mr . Reynolds . In vain did I point out the indecency and folly of attempting to exclude him . Mr . Reynolds had a newspa per , with money to back it : I had neither , Mr . Reynolds was therefore successful when I failed . This shows the character of the management—tbe character of the proceeding .
But Mr . O'Brien does not ascribe any personal blame to Kossuth . He says : — Understand , then , that I acquit you cheerfully and at once of any design to insult either Air . 0 ' Connor or myself . I acquit you , also , of all intention to vilify Chartism , or to deal cavalierly with the Democratic party , when you studiously and afiectedly declined fraternisation with the working classes of this country . I do not , as many Chartists do , impute your conduct either to aristocratic morgue , or to a mean ambition to pay court to the middle and genteel classes , with a view to the promotion of your own future ends . I believe you to be infinitely above such paltry calculations . I ascribe your caution and your reserve entirely to the exigencies of your position , I believe you
could not have done otherwise than you have done , with advantage either to yourself or to what was due to the sublime cause you so grandly personate . The fault was not in yourself , but in your position , in the influences which brought you to England , and in the public opinion which prevailed while you were here , and which will prevail till the working classes are emancipated . Had you fraternised with SUCU men as O'Connor and myself , or with the Chartists generally , or even with the working classes generally , you would have done us uo good , while you would have irretrievably damaged yourself with the " respectability" of the country , and thereby missed tbe only chance you bad of operating upon thecontinent through the organs of public opinion , which I need not inform you are BXClU * sively devoted to the men of rents and profits .
Kossuth's tact and ability in popularising democratic principles and opinions among the middle classes , are thus lauded : — You souj » ht to make them the embodied expression of a British opinion which should tell forcibly abroad against reaction and absolutism , in this methinhs you have been greatly successful . The Democratic truths you have interspersed amidst your bourgeois , " Constitutional " harangues have , through your tact and versatility , found a vent which has conveyed our principles to millions of minds at home and abroad , that , hut for you , could not have ueen approached . For , had you not
pitched your voice to the bourgeois key , had you not gilded your democratic pills with rich constitutional varnish , and talked of free trade mid new markets , as well as of municipal and other popular rights , your voice would not have been listened to , your pills would not have been swallowed . Yea , had you appeared amongst us simply as a democrat , or one of the red republican school , our newspaperfolk would have let you drop from their hands like a hot cinder , and not a lord nor merchant nor corporation in the kingdom would have taken any more notice of you than they wouM of a discarded footman out of place , or of an old broken-down trader who bad been three times in the " Gazette . "
It was not in these speeches , however , that —according to Mr . O'Brien—we had the real sentiments of Louis Kossuth . It was in his replies to the French Pi-oserifs and the Friends of Italy , in which he * came out nobly , and in his true character . ' You declared yourself emphatically in favour of those great principles which form the very essence and basis of popular government , viz : — 1 st . The right of every people to govern themselves , free of interference from other peoples or governments . 2 nd . The mode of government to be a democratic republic based upon Universal Suffrage ,
3 rd . The necessity for municipal inatiCUti . 'IlS , to secure good local government , and to counteract the tendencies of all governments towards centralisation . To these you added a fourth principle without which tho others would be only a theory , viz . — " The universal brotherhood of nations and solidarity of their peoples , " in virtue of which each shall feel itself bound for all aud all fov each . Your endeavour to carry out these principles in Hungary will eternalise your memory . The second letter is addressed to the Chartists , and treats of the necessity of the people understanding their social rights , and of the present state of affairs in France . On the first : Mr . O'Brien , after protesting his continued adherence to the principles of the People ' s Charter , says : —
It is on social rights that the real freedom and happiness of a people depends . Without liberty to produce and to distribute freely amongst themselves , by equitable exchange , whatever descriptions of wealth a people may deem desirable for their well being , they must ever remain paupers , or slaves to those who may control theiv * labour . To a people so conditioned , political rights are illusory . It matters not to them who are their rulers , or under what form of government they live ; their destiny depends upon others—upon those who can give or withhold employment at pleasure , and who ( as at present in England ) may force them , on pain of starvation to accept what wages they choose to give . To offer such people political rights , while you withhold their sosial , is to mock them withhold the substance
with the shadow while you . To he of anv use at all to thorn , the franchise must be available to restore to them their social rights . But if you leave them in ignorance of thoserights , or tell them beforehand they have none but what lunrilordsand capitalists may afterwards choose to allow , it is like inviting them to a magnificent banquet with the condition that they are not to touch the viands Nothing , it is clear , but mortification and mischief can como of such a course . Tho disappointed people arc cither repelled from tho bat . quet table in the first instance , for presuming to approach too near-or tbey are , at a subsequent period , forcibly expelled from it the moment they attempt to taste ot the good things promised . In either case , antagonism and vengeance are tbe
inevitable consequences . Sow all this is prevented by settling tho question of social rights , preparatorily to the struggle for political power . Before yon ask a slave class to agitate for a share in the government-before youlncite them to contend with the ruling classes for equal political rights and privileges-show them clearly what you want power for , and show their rulers , at tho same aime , that what you looU for is what they cannot , as honest men , icfuse . In a word sbow the unenfranchised poor thai tue social rights vou go for will ensure their social happiness , without invading the acquired possesnoh
sions of the rich ; and show the monopolising , on the other hand , that those same social rights will but fortify them in the secure possession ol what thev already have , by separating it from what they ought not to have—viz , tbe power to add more in the future to what they unjustly acquired by bad laws in the past . An honest rich man will be content with what he has already got , in addition to whatever he may hereafter add thereto under just laws made by tho whole people . An honest poor man only seeks to live by his own hibour , and , if prudent as well as honest , will gladly leave to the rich man the treasures of the past , ou condition of being al-
Sronterre O'Brien's European Letters. No...
lowed the benefit of his own resources for the future . I know no other means of reconciling the pa * t with the future—of reconciling the rights of labour with the alleged rights of property . These extracts will give our readers a taste of the quality of Bronten-e's letters . For a vigorous and racy condemnation of the usurper in France we refer them to the letters themselves ,-which , from their low price , are within the reach of all who feel interest in these questions .
The Monthly Digest. By E. B. Lovez%, Esq...
The Monthly Digest . By E . B . Lovez % , Esq ., Barrister . London : Wildy and Sons . This admirably compiled analysis of cases in the various Courts must be of immense service both ( o the office of the Attorney and the Chamber of the Barrister . The law student will also find in its clear summaries valuable assistance ; while the consolidated index of points and names of cases enables the practitioner to find any particular case at once , without looking through each number ,
The Street Traffic Of London. The Appear...
THE STREET TRAFFIC OF LONDON . The appearance of our great thoroughfares during ten or twelve hours of every day is one of that peculiar kind of facts which is not likely to be effaced from the memory of any person who has seen the state of things to which it refers . Until very lately the magnitude of tha tvaffie ttyough Temple liar , for instance , or across London Bridge , has been rather a subject for vague wonder thanastatistically ascertained result . The uncertainty , however , is HOW removed , and We can speak of the mat-rels in the precise language of arithmetic . Mr . Haywood , tho surveyor of the City Sewors Commission , has
had occasion to institute some inquiries connected With Street pavements , and the traffic which passes over them , and from the tables of his report we will gather , for tho instruction and amusement of our readers , a few facts . Suppose , now , that at eight o ' clock in the morning of the 8 Ch of July , 1850 , a curious person had taken his post in front of Child ' s Banking-house at Temple-bar , be would have seen passby him in the course of the first hour , or up to nine o ' clock , vehicles of all kinds to tbe number of 3 ll ; during the next hour the influx of City people would have raleed tbe number to 526 ; and in the hour from ten toeleven o ' clock the number would have become 704 ; by twelve o ' clock it would have reached T 5 T ; by one o ' clock 691 ; at two 6 G 4 . At three the tide again turned , for then the City was sending forth the swarms it had swallowed up in the early hours of the day , and the result was 791 at four it was 737 ; at five 738 ; at
six 671 : at seven 537 ; at eight 6 H ;—and addmg all these figures together , the result is a total of 7 . 741 vehicles in twelve hours , or on an average of 615 per hour , or more than 10 vehicles a minute ; and if we suppose that tho T » lue of each vehicleand its contents should be £ 50—certainly below tho truth—that would give us £ 500 as the magnitude of the peripatetic wealth emerging every minute from beneath Temple-bar . At Lon'ion-bridge , however , tho results are on a much more imposing soale . We will again suppose an observant spectator to bare stationed himself midway on the bridge , on the 23 rd of July , 1850 . During the hour from eight to nine o ' clock in the morning 680 vehicles of all kinds would have passed htm j duving the succeeding hour the number would be almost doubled , say 1 , 121 : from ten to eleven o ' eloek there would be a further increase to 1 , 332 , which appears to have been the maximum number of tho twelve
hours observed , with the exception of the hour from four to five o'clock , when tho result given is 1 , 344 . We observe in these maximum figures the same law 88 nt T » mple-bnr—namely , the immense increaseof tramo . it the commencement and termination of the City business . The total of the twelve hours ' traffic on London-bridge was 13 , 099 vehicles , or an average of 1 , 091 per hour , or 18 per minute , These facts are curious , but they are also useful . They warn us that unless we adopt vigorous measures to improve our facilities for street transit , we shall before Jon ? create nuisnnoos and impedimenta of tbe most irritating and costly description ; for in a metropolis like London , where time is money , it will never do to spend an hour every day in vain efforts to force a passage over London-bridge , or through the congested arch of Temple-bar .
Rkform Of Thb Law Op Partnership. — It I...
Rkform of thb Law op Partnership . — It ia t be regarded as very fortunate tbat so much atte * tion has been directed during the last twelve or eighteen months to the discussion of the principle of Limited Partnership Liability , or as it is culled on tho Continent—Partnership en Commandite . Accordine ; to the present English laws of Partnership every member of a firm , whether active or passive , so long as be does not advertise bis retirement in the " London Gazette , " is liable for tbe
engagements of the concern to the whole extent of his fortune ; and under the influence of such a law there cannot bo any wonder that partnership engagements in this country avo regarded with extreme dislike and suspicion as a means of employing the resources of persons who look to the investment of their capital as a principal means of SUPnOl't . The consequences may be seen on all hands . Men of enterprise , ingenuity , and character—but destitute of capital—cannot enter on the earoor which would be most beneficial at OU . CC to
society and to themselves ; and on the other hand masses of capital aro reduced to a Ktato of compulsory unprofitableness , In all countries , but especially in old countries , one of the most important ends of all commercial legislation should be , to unite in the most complete manner the capital and the enterprise of tho community . There is strong reason to believe that our present law of partnership imposes a formidable bar to the accomplish , ment of this great result . The commandite principle would remove that bar . A commandite partnership would limit the liability of what are called the " sleeping " partners to the amount of their
declared interest in the affairs of the firm , —tho acting or mannging partner remaining liable , quite properly , to the whole extent of his fortune . Great care aud ingenuity would be required in framing the act of Parliament under which the commandite system might bo introduced into this country ; but difficulties of that kind are not greater than obstacles of a similar nature which are surmounted every day . In tho meantime , those of our readers who feel au interest in the subject may refer with great advantage to the Reports of 1850 and 1851 , by Mr . Slanoy's Committee , on the " Savings of the Middle and Working Classes . "—Alhemeum .
An American Outrage . —The " Opelousas Gazette , " of the 2 Dch ult ., gives the following account of au outrage in tho parish of St . Landry :- " On Inst Friday night , between the hours of ten and twelve o ' clock , one , Dr . J . W . Hopkins , of Plaquemine Brulee , entered the houses of John D . Moore , eighteen miles from this place , in our parish , accompanied by a negro , armed with a double-barrelled shot gun . Hopkins attacked Moore with his pistols and bowie-knife , Moore being unarmed seized him and threw him down , and was about to wresc frotti him his bowie-knife , intending to use it in defence of his life , when Hopkins called upon the noai'o , asking wh y ho did not shoot him . Upon which tbe negro replied that he could not shoot
without kiting both . Hopkins then said , " Shoot anyhow . " Mooro then sprang tothe negro , seized the gun and was about to tnke it from tho slave , when Iloukins , who had raised himself from tho floor , advanced towards him with his pistols and bowie-knife . Moore thtn endeavoured to make his oscape throug h his back door . Hopkins pursued him , and tired without effect . Hopkins then returned into tbe honse , demanded of Moore ' s wife the keys , and bade her give him John Lyons' money ( the father-in-law of both Moore and Hopkins ) . She replied they had none of John Lyons' money . He took the keys , searched the house , and found sixteen dollars in the press . He then turned to
her and said he would leave nOvwitn « ss against him , that he intended to kilt her . He took her by the arm , and endeavoured to turn her round , in order to shoot her in the back . He then fired—she threw up her arms for protection , and the ball struck her hand , nearly cutting off two of her fingers ; it then struck her abdomen , which luckily it glanced , and did not penetr ate her intestines or bowels . The monster then mounted his horse and fled . There aro now six men in pursuit of him . We learn they are on his track , and will doubtless arrest him . Ho is a man of slender form , about five feet nine or ten inches in height , and light blue oyes . It is reported here that Hopkins fled from Virainia for killing a man .
A Formidable Tobacco Pipe . — Aa one of her MajflSts's Joukers was wending his way home to Oxton , near Birkenhead , the other evening , he was stopped by a gigantic robber , who demanded his money . Tbe officer pulled out a huge pipe , which the ' robber mistaKing for a pistol , toofc to his heels and ttcd . Coals at IlERTFORn . —The authorities of the city of London , acting under the powers given by the words surreptitiously introduced into ths Coal Act , uave made a charge of Is . per ton on all coals introduced into Hertford and other places within twenty miles of London , measuring as " the crow flies . " The price of coals in Hertford is , therefore , Is . per ton higher than at Ware . There is no longer y hope « f rerhcs . ; , except by an appeal to the justice of Piiiliament . —Hertford Mercury .
Keve . vub Skizurrs . —The Customs authorities have adopted some regulations with a view to uniformity of practice , and for enabling a more efficient ek-ck to be exercised in the examination and audit of all accounts relating to seizures for broach of the Customs laws .
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A Rogue Is A Round About Fool, A Fool In...
A rogue is a round about fool , a fool in circumbendibus . Woman . —Some one says poetically that woman is the melody cf the liumiindiiet . JoKfiS . —Thou canst not jo !; e an enemy into a friend , but thou mayest a friend into an enemv . A Difficulty . —It is a difficult thing for ' « woman four feet three to marry " buneath herself , " let her try ever so hard . Emigration . —The present rate of emigration from the TJ-iited Kingdom to America and Australia is 930 persons every day . PED KSTRrANisM . -A Miss C . 0 . Cushman , of New York , has undertaken , at St . Louis , to walk oUU miles hi 500 consecutive hours . An Irish CAtmoN . —An Irishman cautions the public against trusting his wife Ellen , because he was never married to' herat all at all .
The Mind . —Suffer not your mind to be either a drudge or a wanton . Exercise it ever , but overlav it not . —Bisuop Hall . 4 Tight Lacing . "— "Doctor , do you think tight lacing is bad for the consumption ?"— " Not at allit is what it lives on . " The doctor ' s reply was wise as weii as wil ty . " Go op Luck . "—For some complaints , a little good luck is the beat medicine in the worldi Low spirits take their rise not bo often from a bursting heart as from a collapsed pocket-book . Wonders . —If a womoaan gets a new gaan home throo t dress macker and sho duzzant find OMIT foil we It , it s a « under . If a womman bezant bur huzbands dinner reddy when he cums to it , and sho duzzant say at thave been olterm t ' chereh clock , it ' s a wuMbi * . IF a womman macKssad bread , and sho duzzant say at it s owin tut yistit ' s a wunder .
, If a womman happans ta be ncidin doaf , and sho hesant tapat JlUT h « nd IntO hur frockifc for namat , it s a wunder . If a womman happens to be up-stairs , and thear duzzant a beggar cum rappin at door , it ' s a wunder , ' If a womman happens to let bur husband go we a hoyle in hiz stocking heel , an on hiz tellin hur on it , she duzzant say at hez dun it we pullin it on , it ' s a wunder . If a womman , when shooze blackleadin t'huvah of rainge , an hur noaze duzzanttickle , it ' s a wuuder . —Bairnsla Foaks' Olmenach , A Poser . — " Father , do folks make clothes out of peas ? ' '—• 'No , foolUh boy . Why do you ask that question , Cimon ?" - *' Why , I heard a sailor talking about his pea jacket . "— "Go and tell your mother to bathe your head in cold waten "
Good A » vica . —It is an excellent rule to bo observed in all disputes , that men should give soft words and hard arguments—that they should not so much Strive tO V 6 K as to Convince an enemy . — Bishop WilkINS . A Pettifoggkh . — « ' Landlord , give me a glass of brandy . I ' ve just told the truth , and want to get the taste out of my mouth . " Thus exclaimed a pettifogger , & % he vusbed from kbe bar of justice to that of tbe tavern . A Similk . — "My brethren , " said a Yankee preacher , descanting on the difficulties of the sinner , ' it is an easy task to row a skiff over Niagara Falls , but a tremendous job to row it back again . " A Horrible Business . —Master Butcher : "Did you take Old Major Dumbledore ' s ribs to No . 12 ?" —Boy : '' Yes , sir . ' Matter Butcher : " Then , cut Miss Wiggles ' s shoulder and neck , and bang Mr . Foodie ' s legs till they ' re quite tender V—Punch .
Dwarf Apples . —A Scotch paper says that in a seedman s shop at Kirkaidy there are now two dwarf apple trees , one of which is only twenty-one inches high , and the other only twenty-four inches high , the first having seven apples upon it , and the other three . Sir E . Bulwer ' s New Play . —The editor of the " Southern Press" ( California paper ) is severe as well as faeetious in relation to ihe new play by Bulwer . He says , " Sir Edward Bulwer ' s muchtalked-of play , Not so Bad as we Seem , is Not so Good as we Expected . " ATTACK OF a Wolf . —In France , while a train was passing on the St . Florentine and Tonnerre railway , a wolf suddenly ^ prang upon the tendsr , and attacked the stoker , who had the prepuce of mind , however , to repel the aggressor with his shovel . The wolf fell upon the rails , and was crushed in an instant .
Price of Beer . —The "high price of beer" has been amusingly but vigorously assaulted by the "Morning Chronicle . " Correspondents on both sides have given estimates of cost , which make o « t , on the one side that the brewer gets no less th » n 15 » . 9 d . profit per barrel ; and on the other side that he loses 3 s . 6 d . per barrel . Good Advice . —A cheerful face is nearly as good for an invalid as healthy weather . To make » sick man think he ' s dying , all that is necessary is to look half dead yourself . Hope and despair are as catching as cutaneous complaints . Always look sunshiny , therefore , whether you feel BO or not . Nice . Distinction . — "I sells peppermints on Sundays , " remarked a good old lady , who kept a confectioner's shop , "because they carries ' em to church and eatsVem , and keeps awake to hear the sermon ; but if you want brandy cherries you must come week days . They ' re secular commodities . "
Mas . Partington , on reading an account of a schooner having her jib-boom carried away in Plymouth Sound , one night last week , wondered " why people would leave sech things out o' doors o' nights , to be stolen , when there was so many buglers about filtering everything they could lay their bands to . " The Com , Duma . —The sum tolal raised for public works and improvements in the metropolis , out of the coal duties , since 1 YGG , is upward *) of £ 3 , 738 , 067 ; of which sum £ 1 , 117 , 34 S has be ™ expended for improvements within the Citv ; £ 807 , 500 for those without the City ; and i-1 , ' 813 , 221 for those of a general character .
Wealth is not acquired , as many persons suppose , by fortunate speculations and splendid enterprises , but by the daily practice of industry , frugality , and economy . He who relies upon these means will rarely be found destitute , and he who relics upon any other will generally become bankrupt . — Waylaud . A CENTRivuoMi Pump , —Mr . Ball , of Spalding , has completed a very pretty model of what he styles "a safety centrifugal pump , " which he is about to exhibit before the great brewers at Buvton-on-Trent , by special invitation . The pump is it very small one , and weighs only about 14 i 03 . ; it will throw 1 , 800 gallons of water per hour .
Males and Fkmales . —A small map © f England has been published , having those counties marked olack in which the proportion of females to males exceeds the . average , which is 105 to 100 . There are six or seven counties in which the ladles predominate , to wit , Middlesex , Surrey , Norfolk , Cornwall , Devonshire , and Wiltshire . In Yorkshire , the proportion is 100 to 102 . Absbnce op Mind . —Mr . Tmlacb , late minister of the Muirhouse , near Dundee , was remarkable for his absence of mind . In his prayer , one day he said , "O , Lord ! bless all ranks and degrees of persons , from the king on the dunghill to the beggar on the throne . " Then recollecting himself , he added , "I mean from the beggar on the throne to the king on the dum-hill !"
Trees in the Crystal Palacb . —From a report just made by Mr . Taylor , the gardener to whose ciwe the trees in the Crystal Palace were entrusted , ic seems that the old elms under the glass shade , so far from being injured by their novel confinement , have increased in their bvanches from six to seven feet , whilst the elms in the park have made , on the average , only one foot of shoots . Mortality Notamima . —A further and important increase in the mortality is an indication that the public hea'th has suffered to n considerable extent from the coldness of the weather . The deaths registered in London , which in the last week of October were 861 , and in the first two weeks of November increased to 989 and 1 , 022 , rose iu the week which ended last Saturday to 1 , 132 .
Matrimony . —" Will you take this woman to be your wedded wife ? " said an Illinois magi & tt & tt , to the m ^ culine of a couple who stood before him . — ' . 'Well , squire , " was the reply , "you must be a green un to ask such a question as that ar . Do you think I'd be such a plaguy fool as to go to the bar hunt , and take this gal from the quiltin' frolic if I wan ' t conscriptiouslycertain and determined to have her ? Drive on with your bizziness . " Lownoy Omnibuses . —There are 3 , 000 omnibuses in London and the suburbs , which carry not less than 300 , 000 , 000 passengers yearly , an amount equal to one-third of the population of the world—employing 11 , 000 men , and working a capital of £ 1 , 000 , 000 , with an annual expenditure of £ 1 , 700 , 000 , and paying to the revenue a duty of £ 400 , 000 , or as much as all the stage coaches in the empire contributed before the establishment of railways .
A Horse without IIaiu!—An extraordinary phenomenon , in the way of "horse flesh / ' was brought to town yesterday afternoon by the steamer Gordon . It is a mare , captured on the plains of Venezuela by a party of American hunters , headed by the well-lcnown travellers , Juan Percy , and Captain Hall . She is 15 £ hands high , of great beauty and symmetry , and without one particle of hair on any part of her body ! The skin resembles India rubber , and is as soft almost as velvet . —Savannah Reporter .
Thank God for yotjr Reason . —Ab . individual , as he was passing along the streets of London , was accosted by a stranger with the question , "Did you ever thank God for the use of your reason ?"— " No , " was the reply "I never thought of doing it . "— "'Well ( in it quickly , " rejoined the stranger , "fori have lost mine . " for years after reading ihe account of tho above occurrence , wo have no recollection of ever kneeling in prayer without rendering distinct and express thanks to the Father of Mercies for the continued possession ot this inestimable blessing .
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DEVALEXTA AIlABIOA FOOD , Lv -a jijonfant uw \ ef . ' ectual lvmedy ( without medicine , lUuutireniencD or- c . vpeme , as it s . tres lit ' ty tim-js its cost in other mains of two ) . Cus \\ m \> iii : us IVjih purlt .-s of unquestionable vespcctalii ' ¦!} ' hnvit limited thiit it suj > ersi-. I-. s nii-dicine uftivrry description i „ tii tiKretuitl aud ' .. ctuuiwnt removal of iuvJiiri'suim Olysneim ; , ) , emisti i mli ii . anil diarrhoea , nerrous-Zu , it ;!;" - usness . nver ewmplaiiit , flatulency , distension , , L , 1 in , ' ! 'i th , I ; eart ' "wens Ueadiwlu ' , deafness , nmncsin ihe htai , la „ a ears , t ) ia , iu thu eijvst , between tile shoulders , and iu almost every part of the body , chromo inflammation and uUwratwn of the stomach , ' angina [ ieetiiris , «! j < iimi ! is , crUptio . ioon the skin , incipient consumputm . dropsy , rheumatism , gout , heartburn , nausea and s . ckness diuniii pregnancy , after eat : n '? , or at sea , low spirits , . spasms , cramps , spleen , Ki-. iieral debility , paralysis , asthma cough , inquietude , sleeplessness , involu ntary ulushiiu f , tremors , dislike to society , unfitness for study , Joss of memory , di lusions , vertigo , blond to the head , exhaustion , melancholy , groundless fear , vviuoeision , wretchedness , thoughts of selfde .-. truction , and many Other complaints . It is , moreover , admitted by those who have u « ed it to be the best food for Infants aud In .
Thb'uteddkb Of Nortnuilberland. —It I Un...
THB'UtEDdKB OF NoRTnuilBERLAND . —It i undorstocd that Rrrangements aiv in progress fo * erectiivj a public monument to tiic inemnnr „ f » i , t late DuU of Northumberland »? J S ? Paife Church , Alnwick , the W public act of piety and liberality on the par . of his grace , has been selected as the most appropriate place for such memo . ial . J
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 20, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20121851/page/3/
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