On this page
- Departments (3)
-
Text (9)
-
^^^^ rr=^Tr=~r~ ?•aAlw. nncL-v.n a ill. ...
-
^ai^ r i^^ni^
-
•< And I *«ill *war > at le ¥ tiE ™ Ss >...
-
ITALY, AUSTRIA, AND THE POPE. Italia ! o...
-
. ' . ¦- . ATA ! LE'bF:MYSTERY. ; : ' ..;
-
' .. Gravesend, Saturday Evening.—An occ...
-
HORRIBLE MURDER IN STAFFORDSHIRE . AND M...
-
Cmral faxttUwmt*
-
Joist Siock Factories.—On this subject, ...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
^^^^ Rr=^Tr=~R~ ?•Aalw. Nncl-V.N A Ill. ...
^^^^ rr = ^ Tr = ~ r ~ ?• aAlw . nncL-v . n a ill . _ , . , .. . ' ., ^ ... „ .. -..-,, ...- ; .. _ ,. . . "' " " "' *"" ' ^ "" '" ^^~ ~*'*'' - '"''^ - ¦ ' * ^ - **^ i ^^^ '"""' jtefi ^^ ; . mnmm nm ^
^Ai^ R I^^Ni^
^ ai ^ i ^^ ni ^
•< And I *«Ill *War > At Le ¥ Tie ™ Ss >...
•< And I *« ill * war > at le ¥ ™ > " ., , a __ should my chance so happen- * eds , } -filth all who war with Thought !" « 1 think I hear a little bird , who sings ; Tlie people hy and hy will he the stronger . " —Brsos
Italy, Austria, And The Pope. Italia ! O...
ITALY , AUSTRIA , AND THE POPE . Italia ! oh Italia . ' Ihou who hast ' ' The fatal gift of beauty , which became A f uneral dower of present -woes and past , . " " . Oa th * sweet brow is sorrow ploughed by shame , And annals graved in characters of flame . Oh God ! that thou wert in thy nakedness 1-ss lovely or more powerful and conld ' st claim iliy right , aud awe the robbsrt , back who press jo died fl » y nloofl , ' and drink the tears of thy distress . "fie cannot quit the . "Condition-of-Italy-Quea tion , " which , has occupied this department ofthe tyir for so many weeks , without a word or two as to fnc position in which England is placed with regard io that question . Unfortunately it is our painful aa iy to confess that that position is a very disgracefa one
. . From the murder of Cauaccxou to the opening of afizzra ' s letter ? , England has , by her aristocratic balers , been made to play a treacherous , cruel , and tameless -part towards unfortunate Italy . * Perhaps some of our readers have never before heard of the murder of Cauacciolt . After the abandonment of Kaples , by ( the French Republican ) General Macdonald , in May , 17 S 9 , and the fall ofthe sbort-lived Parthenopean Ilepablie , tho friendsoi li berty were everywhere subjected to proscription asd sfaughter at the hands of the agents of the restored monarchy , and the fanatic lazzavoni excited to the utmost pitch of sangainary madness by theinfunous priests . A number of French troops and native Republicans remained masters of , or rather
XXK shut up in , tuecastles of Voto and Naore . Hard pressed , and finding their situation desperate , the besieged capitulated . The lung was yet absentbis Neapolitan Majesty having some months previ ously decamped to Sicily , taking with him all the treasures and moveable valuables of the palaces , toce ther with some millions of money , and setting fire to the dockvard , —but Cardinal Rctfo , who had fiead-jd tke revolt of the "loyal" Neapolitans , acted in name and by authority of the runaway King . By the terms of the capitulation , agreed upon between the Cardinal and the besieged , complete security for person and-property was guanrameed to all within the forte , whether French or "rebels . " This treaty was not only solemnly entered into by the Cardinal ,
as representative ofthe King , but was also sanctioned or the Turkish and Russian commanders , and by Captain Foote on tlie part of tlie English . Before , however , the treaty could be carried into execution , ike British fleet , under the command of ^ Nelsox , arrived from Sicily , and . Nelsok peremptorily ord ered the treaty to be annulled , declaring its conditions to be " infamous . " lie insisted that the " rebels , " should surrender at discretion , and subjait tkemselvestotiic " clemency" of their " gracious liing . " As he could not induce the Cardiaal to share in ipis iniquitous procedure , he took the responsi bility upon himself * . In the treaty so infamously broken by Nelson , Prince Cabaccioli , if notnaiacd " , ¦ sras understood to be included , this unfortunate man
had been forced into joining tke French and serving with them . Cabaccioli had fled , but a price being set upon his head he was taken , and hy Ndson ' sgrders was immediately put upon his trial foe " higu trea son . " The Ticlini was seventy veal's , of age ; he bad served his king as a nava ! officer for forty years , and was generally beloved and respected ; but all this availed him nothing , jnklsox thirsted for blood ; blood was , to use his own words , his only " comfort . " Writing from Palermo to Captain Troebridge , in command of the blockade of Naples , a short time previously , he had said , " Send me uord sotneproj-cr heids are talcn off . This alone will comfort me . " poor Caiuccioij was seized at nine o ' clock iuthe morning , tried at ten o clock , without being allowed
a moment to prepare his defence , his principal judge , Count Thckx , being his personal enemy , la less than two hours he was condemned to death , and immediately after the finding of the court , Selsox confirmed the sentence and ordered the execution to take place at five o'clock the same day . The -unhappy victim in vain demanded a new trial , in vain offered to prove that lie had only taken up arms on compulsion , Kelson was inflexible . Abandoning himself to despair , Caiuccioij entreated ^ that he might be shot , and not subjected to the disgrace of hanging , but even this poor boon was sternly refused . To the kuruav . e and repeated entreaties of Lieutenant 1 ' ahkixsox , . Nelsox brutally replied , "Go , sir , and attend loyour duty . " As a last resource Cabaccioli besged Lieutenant Parkinson to try to get Lady Hamilton to intercede for him , bat that shameless , heartless wretch , would not be seen ; she , however , was present afchcr victim's execution . Cahacciozi had been
tried on board an English ship , the Foudroyant . He usshanged onboard oneof his own nation ' s ships , the 31 inerra frigate . His body , as had been ordered by Ids . chief assassin , JJelsox , was thrown into the sea , i It is * a singular , but notorious fact , that notwithstanding a weight of 250 pounds was attached to the body , the sea would not retain it ; a week after the execution the body was observed nprigut , and half floating oat of the water , bearing down towards the Foudroyant . The King , Nelsox , and the rLvsiintoxs were on board the Foudroyant at the time , and , to get rid of this ghastly witness of their crime , a uoat ' s crew were ordered to take charge of the corpse , and consign it to " Christian burial , " wkich was dons . Many executions of the unfortunate persons whom Kelsox had seized , and given up to " the clemency of the King , " accompanied or followed that of CffiicaoLi . Kelsox found hie reward iu the title and domain of Bront 6 .
Tbe history of this assassination Avill give our readers a better insight into the real character of Xelsox than they will find in three-fourths of the accounts of this " naval hero" which they have hitherto been conversant with . Nelson waa a clever - £ ghtin < r brute , whose « reed was , " Fear God and honour " the King ; " great on the quarter-deck , hut £ s »» aced by the lowest vices and most ignorant premdlces . We hope , for the honour and happiness of mankind , that we shall have no more such heroes to Tn ^» the English name famous and infamous too . Bit column in Trafalgar-square is yet nninscribed ; and if tha Inscription , that is to be , was written by the finder of truth , other achievements besides those of St . Vincent , tne Kile , Copenhagen , and Trafalgar , would be blazoned thercoa . Tisccunt Kelsox and Duke of Bkoxte would also figure
as"iltramotrr of Lady Hamilton , Executioner to the King of Naples , and Murderer of Caraceioli J " When Use fall of JJafoleox at length came , again was Italy betrayed , and England disgraced , by the infamous Ministry of whom the execrable Casileeeaoh was the head . When invoking the nations to Rse against 2 Jjtoleox , Italy , amongst other states , was apnealed to , and promises were made to tha Italian ' people which were shamefully broken the moment tlutt the end sought by tbe allied despotisms wss accomplished . The partial restoration of Italian natioa ? lity under 2 vaeoleox , although dependent upon , aad subjected to , French domination , had been productive of the happ iest results for Italy . The
increase of material prosperity , the growth of fraternization , aud the progress of intellect , in pro varices previously miserable , exclusive , and benighted , proved the imnieaBe good which the mere partial restoration of Italian liberty had effected , and plainly showed what great things were destined to be achieved by the descendants of the world ' s masters , -provided that Italv , " one and indivisible , " was guaranteed to them . "Dnder these circumstances it iras impossible that the Italians could sympathise with the enemies of Satoleox , unless thev had been leu to hope from them greater concessions than they had gained from the Gallic conqueror . These concessions were promised , and the English Government was foremost in the work of deliberate
treachery . Generals Wilsox , MTablaxe , and Lord TT . Bexiixck , proclaimed , in 1814 , the liberty and Independence of the Italian people . " Liberia , e tndipendenza Jtalica" were the words inscribed on the standards of the L egion , also called Ilalica , organised by the Eng lish Government in Sicily to be employed in Tuscany . The Englishagents everywhere desseminated copies of the Sicilian Constitution , of that Constitution which was given to Sicily when that island was important to England as a military posifc / on , and afterwards infamously abandoned , in spite . *> f promises , in wliich the honour of England was involved- ' ^ - . , , , ^ M * Qhwrc fallen f a ^ these promises were violated and broken . In Ti . ^ ^ tlie deputies of the Italian pwple appeal to the goodfaith of England . England was , unfortunately , r . - " -presented by Castl-eiieagh , and that miscreant , who h * d sold Irelanu for the price of Wood , and was at theS- very time preparing fo > attempt the renewal in Er . &*& oi tUose despotic and
hloodv acts which he Lad . " previously perpetrated m his native land , was not lik * % to P ^ y ^ other P « f £ than that of jaekall to tlie . iastrian monster . Air JIazzixi has appended to hh , ' pamphlet a report of oneof tha coherences of the Jtelian deputies with Castlebeagii . AH that the dej , iiBes . eonld get from the representative of Enciand / fas mt ussunmce that Italv Lad nothing to dread iiOm ' -Uie paternal Governm ' ent of Austria . " Three mOm hs . after tiro assurance had been given , Italian © Seers ,. and civiiians of every rank , were crowding tte ^ j *?^ ™ Italy , Asstria , and Hungary . Finally , •^ V £ sanction and concurrence of the abominable' j ^^ Z Guvernmcnt , the Congress of Vienna , witi . j ~ stroke of the pen , erased the liberties , therefoi ~* the hopes of the Italian people . The old regi . ^ wag evervwhero re-established , pernicions and hatt fnl as before , and thirsting for vengeance . The insurrections , of 1820 , 1 S 21 , 1 S 31 , amTthe countless risings , tumnlte , proscriptions , confiscations , incartBeratkms , and judicial assassinations which every
Italy, Austria, And The Pope. Italia ! O...
year has since witnessed , Imve been the legitimate fruits of the enormous fraud and wrong perpetrated in 1814-15 , in ; whichEngland ; byItslrascally ^^ Government , was made to be a principal actor . " ";* : y ; ' . It was in allusion to * the b % trayal ; bf Italy' by the English Goverament at this period , that onr glorious and immortal poet ,: Brnoxi wrote the" following ' words , in his introduction to . the fourth canto of " Childe Earold" z-r- V "* ^ ¦ - '" ' - ^ : r - ' ; ^ That man must be wilfully blind , or ignorantly heed , less , who is not struck with the extradrdiiary capacity of this people , or , if sueh a word be admissible , their ejpahUities , the facilitj ' btj ^ thelracquisitions , " the ' rapidity of their conception ' s , tiie fire of their genius , their sense of beauty , and , amidst all tlie disadvantages of repeated revolutions , tlie desolation of battles , and the despair of
ages , their still nnquenched / 'longiug after immortality " —the immortality of independeuce . And vrhen we ourselyes , in riding reand the-walls of Rome , heard the simple lament of tna labourers' chorus , " ROma ! Rohia ! Roma 1 Roma nem ' piu come era prima . " it was * difficult not to contrast imis melancholy dirge nith the bacchaiial roar of the songs of exultation still yelled from the London taverns , over the carnage of Mont St . Jean [ Waterloo ] , and the betrayal of Genoa , of Italy , of Fiance , and of the world . . , * * . * What Italy has gained "by the late transfer of nations it were useless for Englishmen to inquire , till it becomes ascertained that England has acquired something more than a permanent army and a suspended habeas corpus ; His enough for them to look at home . Por what they have done abroad , and especially in the south , " verily , they tcill have th » ir rcwar . 1 , " auu at no very distant period .
Come we now to the damning and more recent act of treachery and villany committed by the English aristocratic Government—the seal-breaking and opening of Mr . Mazzini ' s letters . Here it strikts ns that we shall do well to answer , the -question , " Who is Josrph Mazzisi ?" : We take the following answer from the . Ifej-tminstfir IZcuictu : — The presentstate of Italy could hot be better Ulastrated than by describing the circumstances which throw Maziini into his present position . He first attracted the attention of the govermncnts of Italy by the freedom with which , through ' varions channels , he discussed liter . - . rv questions . We need hardly say that for political questions there is no channel in Italy . ' A "Westminster Review" would be a greater cariosity at Rome than the Thames Tunntl . In 1 S 28 , Mazzuii published , at Genoa , a weekly literary gazette , called the "Indicator GenovcBO . " It appeared under the double supervision of a civil and an ecclesiastical censorship ; but at the end ofthe year it was suppressed . - In 1829 he attempted a similar journal
at Leghorn , under the title of the " Indicatdre Livorncse , " but in a few mouths this also was suppressed .: * The same year ho wrote an article upon European Jitera tore in a review called the "Aato ' ogia , " published at Florence . The review was suppressed , after having been in the first instance prosecuted . ' ' In 1830 occurred the revolution oi July- ; and from the excitement it occasioned in Italy it was deemed prudent to put under arrest every person , bl known or suspected liberal seutimeuts . llazzini was of course amougst them . Mazzini ' s father , whois' professor of anatomy at the University of Genoa , went to the " ¦ joveriior ofthe town ( Venanson ) to inquire what oiitiic ' e his son had committed , an ?! found that the chief ground of accusation was the following : — - " Your son , " said the governor , "is in the habit of walking every evening in the fields andgardens of tbe suburbs , alone , and wrapt iii meditation , \ fhat on earth can hi have at Ms age to think about ! "We don't like somuch thinking on the part of young people without knowing the subject of their thou hte . "
A commission of senators was appointed at Turin to try Mazzini and his friends ; hut , as nothing could be proved against them , they were acquitted . The acquittal , however , signified nothing . Mazziiii was detained for five months iu solitary confiuement in the fortress ol Savona , and then banished the couutry . At this time Louis Philippe , newly seated on his throne , had not been recognised by the absolute sovereigns > 1 Europe , and it was tlie policy of . the French government to protect and encourage the discontented of all nations , especiaUy Italians and Spaniards ; many of whom received money and senn-officud offers % f assistance . The objeci oi Louis FbUippcm this case has since been explained .
It was merely to embarras the alhed powers with their own subjects , that hostilities against France might be rendered impossible . When this end had beenanswered , revolutionary propagandism was disavowed , and protection was withdrawn froin the refugees ; but not till many among them had been led to commit themselves toohopelessly against their own governments to dream of returning to their native land . The unfortunate Spaniards and Italians fell alike into the same snaie . "Who among them could be blamed for believing that the time had arrived when a blow struck for freedom could not be other than successful ! They were deceived by a prospect bright but transitory ; soon to bo overcast witli dark shadows , which could notbe foreseen .
ilazsftii was permitted to publish at Marseilles "la Giovine 11 talia , " and to form an association of Italian liberals , under the same name . This association differed from that of the old Carbonari iu various points , but especially in repudiating secrecy , whenever it is practicable to claim and exercise the right of public discussion . A free press not existing in Italy , the press of foreign countries was used as a medium for the open dissemination of liberal principles . The political tracts of " La Giovine Italia , " were smuggled by Italian merchant ships from Marseilles into Italy , and immediately produced au effect which alarmed the Italian governments for the result . In various states the symptoms of an impending revolution could not be mistaken . In some the people broke out into open insurrection—a movement ia which the foreign exiles hastened to take a part .
It commenced too late . The policy of Prance had cha ijed . The new House of Bourbon came to an understanding with the House of Austria , and Italy was saciificed as the price of peace . The refugees at Marseilles were now sent into the interior . Mazzini , without form of trial , or reason assigned / was ordtred to quit France . He refused . Hope had notyet been abandoned , andit appeared to him stillimportant to keep himself in communication with his countrymen . He remained at Marseilles for twelve months , baffling the vigilance of the French police and Italian spies ; but so rigorous was his seclusion , that only twice during the whole period did he venture to leave his place of concealment to breathe the fresh air , and that only at night , once in the dress of a woman , in the other instance disguised in the uniform of the
National Guard . When a large body ef Italians assembled in Switzerland , to aid a populsr movement in Savoy , Mazzini joined them . The attempt than made , although frustrated , chiefly through the misconduct of their military leader ( General Rainorino ) , brought upon Switzerland the ire of the great powers . "Diplomatic notes were showered upon tbe government of the Cantons . Austrian and French troops were poured upon the frontiers . llazzini and his friends were compelled to fly from Geneva to the Canton deVaud ; thence to Berne , thence to Solothurn ; thence to unfrequented villages in the mountains ; everywhere receiving marks of sympathy and kindnest from the people , but finally compelled to look to England as the only country in Europe in which it would be permitterl them to find avtsting . plaee or a sale asylum .
How safe that asylum must have proved to some who hare since leftit unconscious that the reputation of Great Britain for honour and hospitality only masks the same system of secret espionage which prevails on the continent , we leave the public to judge , llazzini landed iu "England in 1 S 37 , and has remained a guest of this country from that period to the present ; esteemed by all who know him , and enjoying the confidence and personal friendship of many of our ablest literary men . We need not reiterate the disgraceful story of our country's degradation , caused by the opening of Mr . AiAzzm ' s letters . At the time when the facts in eoKceetion therewith were , thanks to 5 Ir . Dvxcounp . made public , we took the part which ourlove of freedom , our veneration for justice , our sympathy for Italv , and our regard for England ' s honour dictated .
In common with the better portion of the press , wc demanded the punishment of the traitors , and the expunging from the statute book of that odious and infamouslaw which authorised the abominable acts of Gbaham , Auerdeen , and their predecessors . The efforts to obtain justice , made within and without the walls of the legislature , were , however , made in vain , because the members of that legislature represent not public opinion , and are irresponsible to the mass of the people . Still , we must confess , that even the unrepresented people were not altogether blameless . For a time the charges preferred by Mr . DuxcosinE , the admissions extorted from the Government , and the disclosures made by the "committees , " excited considerable ferment , but this soon died away . Tke aristocracy , regarding Mr . Mazzisi as one of the
principal representatives of the democratic principle , were consistent in their defence of the . spy system , knowing that it is to such means they must look for safety against the attacks of the masses . Their countrv ' s honour was nothing to them ; it was enough that aristocratic domination abroad was endangered by the acts of Mr . Mazzisi and his compatriots . This was enough to induce them to sympathise with those of their own caste , and connive at any means , however base , to crush the friends of liberty . The middle class care not a straw for England ' s honour , or Italy ' s liberty . If they have any dislike towards the present political system in Italy , it does not extend beyond dislike of the Pope , because he will not permit them to traffic in railroads within hisdominions . Could the English middle classes have the tariffs of the several Italian slates modified to suit their rapacious views : and could the Pope be
induced to allow them to overrun ther "States of the Church , " with railroads ,, no matter whether Pope , King , or Devil ruled the land , no matter what are the sufferings and wrontrs of twenty-two millions of people , these matters would be porieetlj indifferent to the English proiitecracy , provided they could suck and plunder the Italians as they suck and plunder their own countrymen . Thev bad no svmpathv , therefore , for Mr . Mazzisi . The working classes , so far as they became aware of the facts of Graham ' s ? . py-system , "did earnestly sympathise with Mr . Mazzisi , and burnca with indignation for the wrong done te Italy , and the blight cast upon their own country ' jname . Still , therewas nothing like an organised expression ofthe opinion even of this class , as-most ' assuredly there ought to have been , bad it been onlv for the vindication of their country ' s honour . But ^ iey had another and a stronger motive which ^ Mild IiaTC im pelled tliem to active hostility stsainst
Italy, Austria, And The Pope. Italia ! O...
that' system under which Mr . Mazkini had been ' so grievously wronged ;/ ' - They , ; too ,-had been wronged ; It was provedradmitted by : the Government ^ that the letters of a great number- of < theleaders of the Chartist party had been regularly ' opened for the avowed purpose of entrapping'the : writers , and immolating them for their political views and intentions . But let us see what Mi * . Mazzini says on this subject ; we beg bur readers to weigh well his , words : — "" And nowy'if i ' were' au'Ed gltshman-Ui the prejudice of distrust that still clings too much in this country to the name of foreigner ( a term that should have hacT ' no meaning since Christ spoke ) , does not abstract "weight from the truths that fall from mylips—this is tb ' elah guage , my hand on my heart , that I would hold , not to you , Sir James , but to your countrymen ^ to whom ! am writinr uniler your name .
Before all things , hasten to wipe from your foreheads the burning stain of dishonour that your statesmen have plantedthere . You have , truckling to the foreign absolutistpolice , in the persons of your statesmen , played the spy for five months in most ignoble fashion , on patriots who are seeking to raise from Papal-Austrian mud the Und in which their mothers live and suffer . Hasten to throw * ff , by blotting from your laws au otlious and useless power , all identification between you and ' your statesmen .. Do notsuffer it to be said by the world , that the nation which abolished the slavery of the negro tolerates with indifference the slavery of the . white ; and that besotted with calculations of immediate material gainj or blinded by the sordid divisions of political party , she has lost the moral sense or the courage to carrv out such
inspirations ana their logical application . . I know many men among yon , deploring from the bottom of their hearts what has passed with ' regard to myself as Immoral and unworthy of England , who gave their vote in favour of Ministers , not to shake a' power already too much threatened . Tlese , in my opinion , are the true culprits . They have forgotten that they are in their places hot to support such and such men under all circumstances , but to support what . Is just , to , overthrow what is" unjust , without ref » reneo to " secondary calculations . They have forgotten that the safety of England is not linked with individuals whatever name they may bear , but with tlie degree of morality she possesses , and wliich her representatives are , bound to . make . fruitful . Never has a moral people wanted a Government worthy of It . ,.
The map of Europe is to redraw . The system of old monarchical nationalities , of the treaty of 'Vf eshphalia . decayed . The popular element has dissolved it , and is preparing a hew system . The treaty of "Vienna ,, in organising a tyranny of the great powers over the smaller states , explicitly avowed the danger without succeeding in averting it . All that as occurred since then has been" in contradiction to : that treaty . Europe is tending to reeomposeitself in great uniform masses , resulting from a spontaneous popularimpulse , —creating' a mutual equilibrium as respects guarantees of internal independence—harmonising themselves to a common aim , pursued uudcr various systems , for the civilisation of the world . Who among you scans this map of future Europe ! New nationalities prepare everywhere to form .
In a period more or less distant , but inevitable , Spain and Portugal : will found one Iberian power ; Poland . will revive , a nucleus for Slavonian organisation ; Greece will outstep her existing boundaries , to incorporate all those colonies kindred in language and belief ; . Italy and the southern Slavonians will cause the empire of Austria to vanish : aud which statesmen of yours occupies' his thoughts with these configurations of . the future , whose signs are already visible on the horison ? Which of your statesmen asks himself— "What will be the character and the power of England when these things come to pass , if , revolving in the egotistical circle of her policy of a day , she shall have prepared for herself and these new nationalities neither homogeneity of tenderness , recollections of gratitude , orgerms of sympathy ! " .
Twenty-two years ago there was a man who , if he had not a just conception of the mission of England , had at least a clear intuition of the state of things . Mr . Canning told you within the venerable walls of Westminster ( 2 Sth A * pril , 1823)— "Itis perfectly true * * # # that there is a contest going on In the world between the spirit of unlimited monarchy and the spirit of unlimited democracy . Botweeii these two spirits , it m . iy be said that strife is either openly in action or covertly at work throughout the greatest portion of Europe . It is true ,
that in no former period in history is there so close a resemblance to tlie present as inthat ofthe Reformation , It is true — it is , I own I think , a formidable truththat in this respect the two periods do resemble each other . " Then with , this spectacle before him , with Europe before him in arms for evil and for good , he coldly concludes — " Our station'is essentially neutralneutral not only between contending nations , but between conflicting principles . " This was precisely contrary to the conclusion drawn in analogous times by Elizabeth and Cromwell .
Since 1823 . this contest has out enlarged . Tlie efforts of nationalities — for that is my only ground in this debate — suppressed or unrecognised in ths treaties of Vienna , in some parts already victorious , elsewhere not yet so , have proved , do each day prove , that this contest is not a transitory effervescence , but a sacred war-between fact and right , between the will of millions and the protocols of theold diplomacy . Your policy has been the same . Now as then , you pretend to stand calm , immoveable , iu the midst of the European ferment ; now as then , you declare yourselves neuter between two opposite principles . That is to say , you , a Christian nation , declare yourselves indifferent between the good and the ril , the just and the unjust ; you . a people believing iu the unity of the human race the creation of the Deity , deny all oneness with it , all duty towards it ; you , the emancipators of the blacks , you say— " despotism or liberty , Austria or Italy , it matters not to us : we give alms to the exiled Poles—we give fetes to their persecutor : we serve God and the Devil—and that is our
part . But this part—this dtgrading , selfish , and atheistic part yon cannot sustain . Thank God , the force of principles is so great , that you . must elect for one or the other —to ascend or descend . You deduced the « ole logical consjquenee of your pretended neutrality when you said , " Let every one look at home ; there shall \ a no intervention on our part anywhere ! let there be no intervention from any one else . " And yet you were obligsd to look on quietly upon Pr « nch intervention in Spain , upon Austrian in Italy . You said , "In virtue of our neutrality , we afford hospitality to all the proscribed , come from what part they may ; " and see whaty * ur Government adds to this proud " [ declaration— "Good ; but upon condition of oponing their letters , for the convenitnee of Baron Kciimann , or any other agent of a foreign despotic power . " You , men constitutionally governed , who say that libert . r is a holy thing , lower yourselves to the footing of spies , to crush this holy thing elsewhere and confirm tyranny on the Continent us lone ns possible ,
Let our readers ponder on Mr . Mazzini ' s words : — "Never has a moral }) cople ivanlcd a Government worthy of it" The English democrats , though they are of the people , arc not yet" the people , " hut with the words of stinging rebuke from Mr .-Mazzisi ringing in their ears , will they not do more than they have ever yet ( lone to write their principles on the hearts of the multitude , and induce the majority of the nation—the veritable people—to overthrowthat accursed system which makes their country ' s name a thin g of scorn and hatred , instead of what it should be , a beacon of hope , a watchword of love , for the patriots of every clime ? Mr . Mazzisi concludes bis pamphlet—nominally a ' Letter to Sir James Graham , " " hut really an appeal to the British people , with the following words : —
I would not be misunderstood . I do not invoke the French propagandiEtavurj of 1793 ; I do not wish it for my country , for it is not the fact , it is the conscience of liberty that we want : and we can acquire that but by emancipating ourselves through our own efforts . But I do wish that there should be at least one nation in the world to set an example of public morality ; ono nation professing a belief , whose language and acts should continually harmonise with that belief ; one nation whose international policy should not be an insult to its internal policy . And I would wish , that cheered by active manifestations of sympathy here afforded us for our misfortunes and our efforts , my countrymen , who now sorrowfully say , — " Wc have all the world against us , even free England , " might repeat encouragingly to each other , — "If we succeed , we shall have friends and allies ; if we fall , we shall be lamented and admired .
As formyself , " Sir James , whom you have selected for the object of your diplomatic amiability , all that I have hitherto written must teach you what I think it my duty to do during the years of life that remain to me—to speak , to write , to act , by every fair means that are or maybe in power , for the emancipation of my unhappy country . I have had it said to me , that in affording hospitality , England did not intend to grant me the right of labouring on her soil for the wellbeiug of my couutry , for the destruction of a great injustice . I reject such language with all my energies ; and in rejecting it , I
believe myself to be more English than those who profrer it . I do not believe that the hospitality of England is limited to the body of the exile ; 'tis the soul— the soul with all its aspirations towards the just and the true , with all that constitutes the human being—that she intended lo welcome . Otherwise , the hospitality she is so proud of would btt " but Si UUer irony . 1 he uurti -Ao s ^ s f-iOt Oil this soil of England is free—free in thought as well as in the instruments Go * , has given him so realise that thought . I am using , and I shall use , this privilege : let him who would not do as n . uck for bis country stand forth and condemn me .
Before we conclude , let us ask why the conductors ofthe "liberal" press have , with two or three honourable exceptions , so shameful ! v neg lected Mr . Mazzisi ' s pamphlet ? The 2 / orning Chronicle , when it had a party purpose to serve by showing up ihe misdeeds ofthe "ins , " because its own party was " out , " was loud in its denunciations of Sir James Graham and the Earl of Aberdeen , for opening Mr . Mazzini ' s letters , but not a word has its columns contained respecting this pamphlet : on the
contrary , it denounced the recent insurrection at Rimini as a " disgrace" to the brave but unfortunate men who took part in it . We have been still more surprised at the silence of the WeeMv Dispatch . Occasionally , that paper has done good service in the cause of general liberty by its notices of Italian politics , but not a word evenhas the " Republican " Dispatch said in favour of Mr . AJ izzisi's appeal to the English people , which it was so essential should be made widely known . The greater part , at least all the leading points o
Italy, Austria, And The Pope. Italia ! O...
M r -: S 5 T & w ^ ! w 2 & " - ¦ e - ' ! toWd n < rt ' "we felt ou ' reelvesat work , had we not had his permission tbdo soi' That permission he kindly gave , and we have availed our-^^^ . tP fe iuli ; our des ' ire being , to make ^ SZJX v TF ^ lish working-classesV ^ he actual that whenever Mr . Mazzini , or any of his known and trusted eountrymeny think proper to avail themselves oi our columns to publish the wrongs of tlieir country , orTmdicate theirholy cause to the English people , those columns will be found open for that purpo-e . - Wc had purposed tohave offered some observations of ourown as to the ' present state and prospects of Italy , and the duty tlie English "Democracy owe to their Italian brethren ; ' but the great * 'lencth to
which this article has ' extended forbids this . Enough for the present , that for ourselves , and for the democratic party of England , we repudiate the slavish doctrine of Canning ; the " neutral" is not our position . We have ranged ourselves on thesiie of progress , and taken oursta nd with the men of every ciime who have sworn to devote themselvesto the overthrow of tyranny and the emancipation . of the nations . We sympathise with Ital y ,.. and-therefore we execrate the Austrian despotism . We commisserato tfcc I oies , and therefore we do not join in fetes given to their persecutor . We are the advocates of freedom , perfect freedom , for an mankind , ant ! believers in tlie everlasting progress . of . tlieUuman race , and . therefore we have vowed inextingiiishablehatre ' d and unceasing w-ar against all who would keep the minds and bodies of our fellow men in darkness and bpndage
. : ' We respond t 8 Ml' . ' Maxim's allusion to the . word foreigner ; it isa word we . repudiate . We bid him good speed m his mission ,, and success as the reward ot his labours . It is our unfaltering hope that Italy will yet be free , libertyand fraternitybe in the ascendant th roughout Europe , and ,.,... . .. . , ... ¦ ¦¦ . " Man toman ,-the warld o ' , ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦¦ -. ; . '• ¦ ' ¦¦ ' ¦¦• Brithers be and a'that . " . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
. ' . ¦- . Ata ! Le'bf:Mystery. ; : ' ..;
. ' . ¦ - . ATA LE'bF : MYSTERY . : ' .. ;
' .. Gravesend, Saturday Evening.—An Occ...
' .. Gravesend , Saturday Evening . —An occurrence of an extraordinary character , ^ which : at present is enveloped in considerable mystery , has been , discovored at Gobbam-park ,: four ,. miles distant from this town , the princely domain of . the Earl of Darnley , and which has created the greatest sensation throughout this part of the county , there being no doubt that a duel , has taken place , and that one of the combatants was seriousl y or mortally injured . The particulars connected with the tragical affair , as far as we have been enabled to gfcan , are as follow : —
It appears that , between the hours of one and two on Friday evening , the keepers , or .. watchers ,- 'in the service of the Earl of Darnloy , on duty in the preserves of the psrk ; heard the report of tire-arms in the direction of the main road , near the Blue-gate , and , suspecting that it proceeded from some poachers , they were induced to keep a more than ordinary look out ; but no one was seen . One of the keepers , however , shortly after daylight , in going off duty , and passing through that part of the park where the unfortunate Mr . Dadd was murdered by his son , a few years since , i discovered , probably not more than thirty yards from the spot where that dreadful affair happened , a brace of pistols iying on the grass , and in the immediate vicinity were found the case for tbe
pistols , a pocket handkerchief ; and a gmger-beor bottle . On examining the pistols he found one of them loaded with ball , and cocked . The other was unloaded , and apparently had been recently discharged . The handkerchief , a white cambric one , was saturated with blood ; one parfc in particular appeared to have baen . pressed against a wound , and was stained with blood . Near where it was picked up was a large pool of blood , fully showing that the unfortunate individual had bled profusely , and , from foot-marks and clots of . blood which were-traced some distance , it ia evident that he must have been carried away . On tho ginger-beer bottle , being drained , it * was found te contain a small portion ol brandy . . .
The gamekeeper , on making the discovery , lmmediately hastened to the . park-lodge , and obtained further assistance , so as to scour the domain . The ground -was strictly examined , and after the spots of blood had been traced some distance , the track was lost ; it was , however , in the direction of the main road . Information having been forwarded to Daws , the constable of Cobham , ho took charge of the pistols and the other articles found on the ground , and since has been most actively engaged in endeavouring to ascertain what has really occurred ; but up to the present period all efforts have failed to solve the
mysterious affair . During the whole of yesterday and to-day the park , preserve , arid adjaoent land , have been strictly searched with no better success . The authorities of CobUani have directed the numerous pools of water in the vicinity to bo dragged ; and nothing has been lost sight of that will . tend in any way to unravel this perfect mystery . At the principal inns in Rochester , Chatham , Maidstone , and Gravesend , inquiries have been made as to whether any post-chaise had been hired in the course of Thursday night , but not the least clue lias been obtained . It should be observed , that the pistol which ' appeared to have been fired was besmeared with blood .
THE DESOUEMEKT . Among the passengers on board the Waterman steamer No . 3 , which left the Bellwater-gate , Woolwich , on Saturday evening , at five o ' clock , was a tall , portly , well-dressed manj about forty years of age , who , soon after the vessel left the pier , seated himself aft , behind the man at the wheel , with one leg over the taffrail . This position attracted the notice of Mr . Phillips , the mate , who was steering , and who told the passenger that he was acting very foolishly , and that he had better keep his leg in-board . The passenger replied that he wovdd take care of himself , and that he always assumed the same position on board steamers , because it was somuch like riding on horseback . He then called for a glass of hot
ginand-water and a cigar , which were supplied to him , and the mate again requested him ' to alter his position and take a ' seat upon deck . He . refused to do so , and said he was very comfortable . Directly afterwards the mate heard a splash in the water behind him , and , looking round , missed the passenger . He immediately called out there was a man overboard , and Mr . Smith , the master , gave the order to stop the vessel . The engines were reversed as soon as possible , ropes were thrown out , and a life buoy was alao flung overboard . The man floated upon his back on the surface of the water , and made no effort to save himself , or to lay hold of any ofthe ropes thrown towards him . Two collier brigs were drifting down with the tide , and were hailed by the crew of the steamer . ; A
boat was lowered from ons of theni , and two seamen entered it ar . d pulled towards the man who floated like a cork on the water , and never disappeared from tlie moment . he fell overboard . lie was again taken on board the Waterman , and appeared to suffer little inconvenience' from his immersion . The captain , however , told the man to keep a sharp look out after him . He was taken into the fore cabin , and as he had complained of beinc » cold , he was supplied at his own request with a glass of rum-and-water . Just before the waterman reached the Blackwall Railway terminus he put a sovereign on the cabin table , and said that was for the men who had saved his life , but soon afterwards picked it up , and put itln his pocket . On the arrival of the vessel at the terminus , Mr . Smith gave his passenger
in charge to a policeman on the . wharf , who said he would not detain him unless the captain proceeded to the Pop lar station-house , and signed the police-sheet . Mr . Smith declined leaving the paddle-box , as liohad a great many passengers on board , who were proceeding to the Adelphi Pier , and said if the policeman thought proper to release him , he would do so on his own responsibility . Tho vessel proceeded on her voyage , and about half-past nine o ' clock the same evening , Mr . Smith had occasion to go aft to inspect some trifling damage , when he found a large pocketbook behind the steerage wheel . Curiosity induced him to open it , and the first thing lie saw was a sealed letter , with . the following address upon it : "To the captain onboard the steam-boat . I . go in —I believe it will be one ofthe Waterman ' s boats , but whether five or half-past five I cannot say . " The captain , not doubting that the letter was intended for him , and that it was written by the passenger who threw himself overheard , opened it , and found the contents to be as follows
;" Woolwich , Nov . 15 . 1815 , Two o'CIoclc . " Sir—I , whom may thc ^ great God forgive , expect to he no more before you receive this , This is my second at . tempt at suicide . I am now suffering with a black eye , and part efface blown away through a pistol shot . I was not , it appears ^ to die with my own hands , with a pistol . I am now going to try water . Inclosid is a halfsovereign to defray any expenses you may be at in sending the inclosed letter to ray house , and letting mv unhappy wife know her husband ' s untimely end . " I am , sw , jwrs obtuvently , ' "J . P . PAMren . "P . S . I say the inclosed letter . Imean another letter in jny pocket-book , addressed to my . wife ., "J . P . P . " .
In the same pocket-book were many papers and memorandums , and three sealed letters of considerable thickness , all addressed " Mrs . Palmer , 3 , Baauvoir-terrace , Kinjisland-road , London , " and upon each the following direction which was writ ten above the address— " To the Captain , deliver this with the other two . " On the back of one of the letters there were three spots of red sealing-wax , and below them the lollowmg words were written : — " My . dear wife , kiss the three wax spots , and you will Unow uiy lips have been there . I am . in death , yours trulv , P . * ' ; " ; ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ '' ¦ ' ¦ ¦
Mr . Smith had no , sooner read the letter addressed to himself and the atlclressi . upori the other , than he ¦ n-oceeded with all , possible expedition to the Kincsfand-road , with great , misgivings as to . the . fateof his passenger , -whom he never expected to see alive again > . supposing that he , had , been liberated bv the policeiman , and that' be bad sought his death " some other w ' . ay . On reaching the house No , 3 , Beauvoirterraco , he made known his errand as delicately as possible tc > Mrs . Palmer , who at first denied that
' .. Gravesend, Saturday Evening.—An Occ...
her husband had reached' home , and'delivered to her the letters and the pocket-book ; She was much agitated on hearing that her husband had attempted to commit suicide in the river , '! and then admitted that he had bcon brought' home- in the course ofthe " evening by ' one of thepolice of the K division , and a porter belonging to the railway station , and that he had informed her li $ had fallen into the water by accident . After some ; delay Mr . .. 'Smith was intro " - duced , at the patient ' s own request , to Mr . Palmer , whom he found in bcd . and labouring under delirium tremens ; - Mr ; Palmer immediately recognised'the captain of the steamer , thanked him for his kindness ; and saidthathe ' bad left Erith- in the afternoon in agig , and that on his ' way to Woolwich * the horse
had taken fright and the vehicle was - dashed to pieces . Mr .. Smith asked him if it was true he had shot hircself with . a . pistol , and ho said that he had received a wound in a duel in Cobham Park on Triday morning . On being , asked how -the affair originated he said he was dining with a party at an inn "the other side © f . Rochester , " and that a gentleman gave him the lie , and . he called him out . That he received his adversary ' s ball in the mouth , and that Mr . Coward , a surgeon in Beauvoir-square , had extracted a . bullet since he came home . He also stated that he was a little excited , when he wrote : the letter addressed to the captain ,.. and that he never had any intention of shooting or drowning himself . Both Mr . and . Mrs
, Palmer appeared very anxious to obtain possession of the captain ' s letter , but he declined parting with it . After a long interview with Mr . Palmer , who assumed an air of indifference and jocularity , and said his ^ dversary . was too high to get a shot at , Mr . Smith proceeded to the residence of Mr . Coward , in Beauvoir-square , and : learnt from that Gentleman that he had been called upon about eight o ' clock the same evening to attend upon Mr . Palmer , and found him in a highly excited state , and very cold from his immersion in the water , and that Mr . Palmer informed him he . had fought a duel , and . that a pistol shot was lodged in his mouth . Mr . Coward
added that . he . discoyered by . thejight of . theJ . candle . a bullet fixed in Mr ; Palmer ' s upper jaw , and succeeded inextracting it . Inrdping so , ' - he ; was compelled to remove a small portion of the jaw . The ball entered Mr . Palmer ' s mouth inan obliqub direction , carried away a part of the . upper li p and two of his front teeth , and then entered the , upper jaw .. The ball , when extracted , was nearly flattened . Mr . Smith handed the letter , ho had retained to Mr . Coward , who perused it with great attention , and said it was his ^ firm conviction that Mr . Palmer was labouring under temporary insanity , and that he had given directions he should be kept very quiet , and not allowed to receive any visiters . ¦ :
. f he mystery m which this extraordinary affair was involved at Chatham and Gravesend , is thus partially cleared up by the subsequent conduct of Mr . P 'l mcl A ¦¦• No doubt is entwtained that he shot himself in Cobham-park , and after he had discharged the pistol threw , it on tho ground , where it was ' found with a loaded one beside it ... What . favours this supposition is that his left eye was blackened , and his face slightly burnt with the powder .: This could not have happened , if he had ; been shot in a duel by another man a few . paces distant . . Mr . Palmer is a leather factor , and has offices in Oolcman-street . He left home on Thursday evening , and proceeded to Rochester via Gravesend , where he is supposed to have slept on Thursday night , and to have strayed towards Cobham-park on Friday morninsf , when he committed " the rash act . "
/ FimTHEB PAKTicuL , \ ns . —There now remains not tlie shadow of a doubt that Mr . Palmer shot litmseH in Cobham-park , and threw the pistol awav , with another wlncu wns-loaded , after he had mnde ' tlic attempt .. It is somewhat remarkable that he did not obtain any medical aid till Saturday night , when Mr . Coward , of . Beauvoir-square , Kingsland-road , extracted a pistol bail from his upper jaw . There is no ^ "est- 'on that he bled profusely , for foot marks and clots of blood were traced some distance on the grass , in Cobham . It was quite dark when the report of a pistol was heard in Cobham-park ; and it seems that he went to the park at a very unseasonable hour , to prevent observation . It is not known howhesbent his time after he wounded himself , until he embarked
onboard the Waterman steamer , at Woolwich , at five o ' clock on Saturday evening , but a gentleman , exactly answering his description , breakfasted at Erith the same morning . He made great preparations for making his wile acquainted with his attempts to commit suicide , for he wrote three letters to her enclosing others addressed to his friends and connections , stating that he bad shot himself in Cobham-park , . and that he intended , ag his first attempt on his life had failed , to drown himself . He also embarked after sunset ,, when there , would be less chance of his being picked up after he had thrown himself overboard . Here again his intentions were frustrated , for ho floated on his back like , a cork , and although he was in tho river a quarter of an hour he never disappeared once , and he is no swimmer . He appears to have repented of hisatteinnton his life , for
when he was landed at Blackwall he bogged of a noliceconstableand a railway porter to see him home to his residence , No . 3 ,. Beauvoir-terrape , wliich he had HO sooner reached than lie sent for Mr . Coward , his surgeon , to extract the bullet lodged in his mouth . He persisted in bis original statement that be bad been shot in a duel , and fell from tlie Waterman steamer bv accident , until he left home on Sunday morning . His own letter , addressed to the "Captain oh hoard tho steam-boat I go in , " now in the possession of Mr . Smith , of Watorman No . 3 , in which he states that be bad shot himself , and as the pistol failed he intended to try water , gives a flat Contradiction to his assertions . His motives for making tbe attempts on his life remain involved in mystery . His surgeon , who had occasionally attended him , and Mrs . Palmer , describe him as a very cheerful , intelligent gentleman , and that he never observed any symptoms of insanity about him .
Horrible Murder In Staffordshire . And M...
HORRIBLE MURDER IN STAFFORDSHIRE . AND MUTILATION OF THE BODY . ' Staefobd , Saturday Morning . —A most horrible murder was perpetrated on Wednesday last , at a place called Alsager ' s Bank , in the parish of Audlcy , in this county , which from the shocking circumstances connected with it , has produced the greatest excitement throughout the county . The name of the murdered man was Adolphus Fielding , forty-nine years of age , respectably connected , living in Stockroad , Newcastle . He was a potter by trade , but his sight declining , became a hawker in small wares . The murderer is a stono-mason of the name of James Deaii , he is a married man , separated from his wife , and lived with another female . It sopears that about noon , on Wednesday , Fieldim ? went into
the cottage where Dean lived , who had been ill during the week , and had not been at work . It does not appear that there was any one else in the house at the time , excepting Dean ' s son a little boy five years of age . Shortly afterwards , the woman who cohabited with him was met in the road by the child , who told her that his father was beating tlie old man . On her hastening to the cottage , to her great horror , she saw through tbe openel door the headless body of the unfortunate man on tho floor , deluged with blood , and Dean striking at the head of the murdered man with an axe . The alarm brought numbers to the spot , but , from the ferocious appearance < $ Dean , they were afraid to enter the cottage . Smug the crowd , Dean took up a portion ofthe brains of his unhappy victim , and threw them
at the bystanders . A collier , named Scott , more resolute than the rest , then attempted to jeectiro him , and received several wounds about the neck and face , Dean having armed himself with a pair of scissors and a knife . The infuriated man then bolted tbe door and having placed the head of his victim on the fire , commenced blowing it with the bellows . It appearing to be the intention of the murderer to consume the body , several people got on to the roof of the cottage , and , by pouring water down the chimney , extinguished the lire . They , then stopped the chimney up , and the force ofthe steam and smoke drove him to one of the upper , rooms . The street door was then forced by the villagers , and the extent of tho frightful tragedy was immediately apparent . The body still remained on the floor , and -the brad
when taken off tho fire , was so burnt that it scarcely presented a human aspect . . . ' . ' ^ During this time Dean stood at the top of the stan-s , armed with another axe , of a larger size thau that he bad just used , and repolled bis assailants ' by brandishing it aoout , and throwing bottles and other things that he could lay hands on at them . Eventually , some policemen broke through tho roof , and rushed upon him as he was crouched iu one corner of the room . . What with his blackened features from dust and smoke , and his clothes saturated in the blood of his unhappy victim , he presented a spectacle perfectly appalling . After very great resistance he was hand-cuffed , and then conveyed to the "lock up" at Audlcy . At the inquest held on the body of poor Fielding , on Thursday last , before Mr . Harding ,
the county coroner , the following evidence was adduced : — Frances Maycock said she cohabited with Dean . Between the hours of eleven and twelve o ' clock on Wedsesday last she left Dean and his little boy in the cottage . Had not been gonomoro than five minutes , when she met her son , who cried out that his father was beating the old man , She ran to the house , and on opening the door saw Dean on the floor with the body ofthe old man , whose head was off . He did not appear to notice her , and she ran into tho main road and gave the alarm . The razor produced bclonscd to a widow who owned the cottage in wliich
they lived . In the early part of the week she bad noticed that his conduct was very strange , he appeared not to know what be was about . . William Scott , the collier , stated that he was passing the cottage when his attention was drawn to a loud screaming . The door being open he went in , and saw Dean cutting away at the head of the deceased . He . held , the . hair in his left hand and was cutting at it with an axe-hammer with his right hand . Tlie next moment the head was severed ironi the body . When Dean saw him , he dropped tho axe , and took up a knife from a bench which was near him , and pointed it to -witness with a . hissing noise
Horrible Murder In Staffordshire . And M...
Having got a rail to defend himself , he returned ^ when he found Dean had armed himself mtit apair of scissors and a knife . Dean then cams up and stabbed him in the face and neck . In the struggle iney fell , and having recovered , ihe ran out of the house , He then assisted the police in breaking through the roof and taking Dean into custody . ; A police inspector havingproved the findinge-f a shovel and a uair of tongs with bh : > d upon them , which showed * that those weapons had bean used in the deadly , affray . ¦ : Mr . C . Tail , surgeon , of Audley , said the head of the deceased was taken off near the shoulder . The primary cause of death was . no doubt a fracture oa the temple , which was apparent . All the witnesses having been examined . The jury , after a short consultation , rsturned a verdict of wilful . murder against the prisoner James Dean .
. The prisoner ; who was in the court during the whole proceedings , and appeared quite unconcerned , was asked by the coroner if he wishsd to say anything ; he replied , with a vacant stare , "Iw asnot taking any notice . " - On the coroner telling him the verdict ihejury had returned , he said , "I have a good deal to say , " but I have forgot it ; I did not want to kill him : I did not kill any man ; did I ?" ile was then removed in custody of the police to Stafford ganl , to await his trial at the ensuing assizes . Further Pakticuxars . —No one can peruse the account of this atrocious murder without arriving at the conclusion that it was the act of a maniac , and the present state of the prisoner strengthens that
supposition . Dean is by- trade a stone-mason , and was for some time employed in the alterations and improvements in Trentham-hall ; hu bus lately been similarly engaged at Apedale , the mansion of ' lt . E , Heathcote , Esq . He Iiad lodged at the widow Coldough ' s , Alsager ' s-bank , for the last twenty-three weeks , and bore the character of a quiet and inoffensive man ; It is said that about fourteen years since Dean was married to a woman named Sarah Plant , at Dane-en-Shaw , near Congleton ; ho lived but seven weeks with his wife , and then left her , it is said , throughfeelings of jealousy . From that time up to about six years since he passed as a single . raan . At the latter period , while employed at TreHthamhall , he became acquainted with Frances Mvcock
from the birth of a little boy , the result of this illicit intercourse , they lived as man and wife , and it was thought by the neighbours that they were legally married . On Saturday night last , Doan arose in tho middle of the night and disturbed the inmates of the cottage by calling out "Glory be to God ; I ' ve found pardon , " and other similar expressions . He showed evident sijus of insanity , for when Mrs . Colckugh offered to protect the child , who she thought was in danger from the half frantic gesticulations of- Dean , he resented the interference . Dean continuing in that disturbed state of mind , Mrs . Colclough , fearing the consequence , went for her son . Tho night passed away without anything worthy of further remark
taking place . On being questioned by a neighbour on Sunday morning , as to the cause of the disturbance during the night , Dean said , " It was tlie power of God that was upon me . " He desired Mrs . Colclough to get his razor from his rasor-oago , but she refused to do so j he got it himself , and appeared . to be playing with it , without any object . She desired him to put it back , but he refused , answering , " Can't I do as I like with my own ? " During the day Dean and Mycock , accompanied by tho little boy , went to Newcastle . Mycock observed that on starting Dean put tbe razor in his trowsers' pocket , and on the way kept taking out the instrument and making stealthy glances at it , several times she remonstrated with him . When thoy had arrived
odposite the Almshouses , Dean took the razor and a knife out of his pocket , and put them down on the stones ; then with a large stone he broke them into pieces , saying to Mycock , " There ; now are you satisfied ?" In the evening , for the first time during the five years of their cohabitation , Dean went to the Wenleyan Chapel at Alsager ' s-bank , lvhero he conducted himself in a very indecorous manner , requesting Mycock , who was with him , to nudge him if he acted wrong . On Monday Dean went to his work as usual at Apedale , but was sent away in consequence of not performing it in a proper manner . Instead of . chiselling a stone , he applied the hammer to break it to pieces . He then carried a razor with him , and holding it open in one hand , he solicited a maid at tlie hall to
go into a shed with him , saying he would show her . how " pigs were killed . " On Tuesday , Dean , Mycock , and the boy visited some relations of Mycook ' s at Stone . They returned in the evening as * far a * Hanford , where they slept at the cottage of a relation , and arrived back at Alsager about eleven , o ' clock on the Wednesday morning . Mrs . Colclough having occasion to go to Newcastle , had left the cottage , and Mycock wishing to execute an errand at the village shop , left Dean and the little boy alone in the house . Within a few minutes after this , poor Fielding was murdered . Dean was yesterday removed to Stafford . The general impression is that he is decidedly insane . The body of the murdered man was removed from Abager ' 3 Bank to Stoke-road , last evening , for interment . The \ mclc ( William HateMe ) with whom the
deceased lodged , and by whom he had been brought up and adopted , is a very aged man , upwards of seventy ; Fielding : was something over forty years of age . William Ratcliffe is a bachelor , in possession of a small competency , which it was understood he had devised by will to deceased , with remainder to the children of his brother Humphrey , The family are much respected for their probity and industry . A series of domestic afilct 5 on » seem lately to have fallen upon the RatclifFcs . About three months since , a daughter of Humphrey ' s married to Dr . Whitehead , now practising as a barrister at New York , died under painful circumstances ; another daughter lies at the point of death in the house of her parents ; and their cousin , the deceased , was cruelly butchered in the manner described in the preceding account .
Cmral Faxttuwmt*
Cmral faxttUwmt *
Joist Siock Factories.—On This Subject, ...
Joist Siock Factories . —On this subject , Mr . W . Howitt , the celebrated author , writes to the Leeds Times : — " "What reason is there , that railways , and steam-packets , and gas-works , and joint stockbanks , and all sorts oi * trade and money incorporations should thrive , and that joint stock factories should not ? There is none . The million may have their shares in such companies , which shall be regularly managed by paid agents as these other investments are , and thus receive their fair share of profit over and above the mere price of their labour . If this principle could . be brought to bear , and worked into practice , it would confer on this country , and on tbe world , the greatest possible blessing , " Nrw Obangb MovKMBNT . —The Orange confederacy , so recently established at the " Orange Institution , " under the advice of its counsel , Mr . Napier , has adopted the new designation of " the Protestant Alliance . "
Death or a Celebrated DAi-fE . —In Copenhagen , the healing art has sustained a loss by the death , in , his 72 ndyear , ofthe celebrated surgeon , Christian Fenger , Director ofthe Royal Academy of Surgery in that city , chief surgeon tothe king , and author of a great variety of professional works—the most important of which have , it is said , been translated into English , French , and German . Nkw Work hy Thomas Gam-tib . —A new book , in two vols , octavo , is announced , from the pen of : Thomas Cariyle , entitled ' -Oliver Cromwell ' s Letters and Speeches , with elucidations and connecting nai * . rative . " IIoxour to Art e ? Belgium . —Tbe King of the Belgians has created M . "Wappcrs , the most eminent of living Flemish artists , a baron ; and conferred the order of the Legion of Honour on M . Hubert , the promoter of the Willielm System of Musical Education among the people .
Supposed Shipwreck . —Copenhagen , Nov . 8 . —To the many losses in the late storm wc fear we may add that ofthe "Victoria steamer , purchased in England of Mr . Lundt , for a week ago a piece of the side of a steamer was driven on shore to tho north of the Ayger Canal , whielristhmight to be a piece ofthe Victoria , aBiiothinghasbeenhfardpfher since she left England on the 18 th of last month . ..: . - ; . - ir'i * . ' '• '' Railwats . —Nearly . STO . railway schemes , exclusive of those in Ireland and Scotland , are already announced for next session . Potatoes and Provisions . —There has been a very visible improvement in the quality of the potatoes introduced into the London market during the last few weeks . At Spitalfields , however , the great eriiporiunifor the supply ofthe Eastern districts , the quality is still inferior .
Determined Act of Suicide by a Policeuas :. — On Friday evening police constable Thomas Peters committed a most de ' tei'mincd act of suicide by cutting his throat at his lodgings in Lock ' s Fields , Bermondscy . Upon his landlady going to call him to ° o on duty , she found him with a razor in his hand , and a dreadful wound in his throat ; he was not quite dead at the time , but breathed his last at two o ' clock on Saturday morning ; Worthy of Support . — A subscription is in progress for the Widow and young family of Mr .
Augustine Wade , the late song writer and composer , who died prematurely in very indigent circumstances . Life Preservers . —A lew days ago , a large concouvsg oi persons assembled on the clllfe , at Brighton , to witness a trial of some life preservers . The novel feature of the trjal was to see two men smoking their pipes and waving their hats on the water , although the sea was runnmgtolerably high . The life-preserver kept the men above water . admirably . .. ; , ; .. -.., The Sandwich Islands . —It appears that the Sandwich Islands have a king , an independent government , and' a local legislature . [¦ i . * .- ; -li ; ,
Commutation of Sextence . —The government have commuted the sentence of death passed on-Martin Mahcr ( Tierney ) at last Tipperary ' assizes , for' tha murder of Timothy Cleary , the bailiff f John Cardon , of Barnone , Esq ., and have directed that ho be transported for the period ofhl 8 natural life . . ruamtw
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 22, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_22111845/page/7/
-