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M0 TE1CBE8 23,1850/ THE NORTHERN STAIt «...
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THE PBOPOSED CHAETISTJ CONFERENCE. so th...
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Depasture of Mrs. Licet asd Familt. ros ...
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Cinureisr-Hub, Gouhbn Lanb.—An adjourned...
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MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS. A public meetin...
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMP...
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF XINITEfi'Tff RAD...
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NATIONAL CHARTER LEAGUE. On Sunday eveni...
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Weavers' Turx-Out.—On Wednesday, the 30t...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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M0 Te1cbe8 23,1850/ The Northern Stait «...
M 0 TE 1 CBE 8 23 , 1850 / THE NORTHERN STAIt «
The Pboposed Chaetistj Conference. So Th...
THE PBOPOSED CHAETISTJ CONFERENCE . so th 3 zpnoB of the ' northers stab . £ m , —' As the Conference question has now been feotM treeks before the Chartist members , and as no decisive steps have yet been taken to ascertain the opinion of tho majority upon the subject , and also as some leaders are opposed tea Conferenceat Manchester , while others treat the proposition with indifference , I . trust jou will find room for the following observations : — _*• » - ** I am grwved to witness the apathy of a portion Of & 9 Cbwtutbodyto a question of such vital importance to the democratic movement . Chartism 13 hut the shadow of its former self—its progressive ooliey is standing stiB—division is in its united
ranks , and the unwise attempt to sum tne Charter la the extremes of Socialism and Republicanism lias failed , except in causing a greater division amongst Chartists . Under such circumstances no one has yet denied the necessity of a Conference f « ing held ; the only difference of opinion is as to » ime * nd place . Since Mr . O'Connor ' s projosition in the Star of the 5 th of October seven important towns have decided in favour of a Conference in Manchester on Kew Tear ' s Day : —namely , Manchester , Sheffield , Hull , Bochdale , Stockport , Todmorden , and a ( ranch at Nottingham . Against it , and in favour of a Conference in Ion . don in May next , we have—the Executive , the West B iding delegates , the Chartists of Stalybridge , the Ship Inn locality , Birmingham , the Emmett
Brigade , the "W ashington , and "Whittington and Cat ( London ) localities . On the 2 nd inst . the members of the Finsbury locality passed a resolution in favour of the Manchester Conference , and pledged themselves to pay £ 1 towards the expenses , but in last Saturday ' s Star I see they approve of the London Conference . Kew Badford is for the London Conference , if an union of the democratic bodies be effected ; but if not , then the Executive is requested to caU a Conference as eoon as possible . Newcastle-upon-Tyne is for a Conference at ihe earliest possible period , but does not say where it is to be held . Hamilton is for fcoldinga Conference when the peop le are properly organised . Paisley and one or two other towns are opposed to any . Conference being held , not tailed ly the Executive .
Thus , as the question stands at present , there can Jje no doubt , but a "large majority is in'favour of the Conference being held in Manchester . Tke only objection raised against the Manchester Conference by the Executive Committee— " The recognised bead of the Charter Association—the only party duly authorised to convene such delegation "is that they " disapprove of the same , because , in the prese nt state of the country , it is impossible to assemble a truly national Conference . "We are not informed when a Conference is to be held , or whether there is to be one at all . I confess I do pot understand what is meant by " the present state cf the country . " " Will the country be in a better gtate for holding a Chartist Conference when
" All the world to Loudon is come , And London is out of town ?" I think the " recognised head" of the movement should have given some plain and sensible reasons for its disapproval , which has not yet been done . But several Chartist branches dispute the title , and set aside the authority of the Executive Committee , doubting the legality ef the election ; and this appears to be one of the ehief causes of the present disorganisation of the Chartist party . But the principal objections to the Manchester Conference are raised by Mr . Ernest Jones in his letter , dated October 23 rd . And here it is necessary to state that that gentleman sent a similar letter on Sunday , the 20 th , to the West Riding delegates assembled at Bradford , which , no doubt , influenced them to adopt a resolution against the
Manchester Conference ; which resolution received the approval ef the Executive , and was recommended to the Chartists throughout the country . 3 s it surprising that after such teaching the Conference question has not been taken up with greater Seal and alacrity ? Now I am of opinion that a Conference is imperatively necessary , and should be speedily held , to entirely re-organise the inovemenfc ^ -to settle the dispute as to the legality of the Executive to hold © fiice , or otherwise to give such satisfactory rea-Eons as should induce those branches , which now Stand aloof , to join the Association—to consider the state of other political parties—to discuss , and , if thought advisable , to draw up a plan for the amalgamation of all shades of reformers—and to adopt the best line of policy for obtaining the speedy enactment of the People ' s Charter .
There was sufficient time , from the 5 th of October io the 1 st of January , ( nearly three months , } to Have awakened the Chartist mind , - and to have 7 aised the necessary funds to meet the expenses attending a really national Conference , had that time fceen rightly spent in aiding , instead of opposing at . The 1 st of January is the best time , being a few weeks before the opening of parliament , and , ieing a holiday , the working class delegates could afford their time , without incurring a loss of wages , Mr . Jones says that "Many of the localities that flourished in 1848 have now no politicalesistenee whatever—neither council , committee , - nor members ; of those remaining in the field , many are scarcely able to meet their local expenditure ;
organisation lies prostrate , and , with it , tne machinery for electing and supporting the members -of a Conference . " Chartism ; according to this , is in a pitiable condition . Again he says : — " We do xtot want it —{ the Conference)—to form a plan of organisation : we have one sufficient for all present purposes . We do not want it to lay down rules for anassociation : we have one which , I trust , we shall never dissolve till we have carried the Charter . " TTJien why do we not carry the Charter ? If we lave plans , rules , lectures , cheap democratic literature , and every auxiliary necessary for carrying « n the agitation , as Mr Jones avers , how comes it
that organisation is prostrate , and ftat many localities have no political existence ? This does notsay much for the application of the machinery in hand , and is the best reason why the three months should have been spent in resuscitating the moveznenti and also for holding a Conference as early as possible . Another objection urged hy Mr . Jones , is , "that trade is yet too brisk . When trade is bad , and wages are ' lowest , then money is always more plentiful for the purposes of agitation . " This is too true ; but is it probable that , all at once , trade will be bad in May when the Exhibition xoania is at its height ? I think if we wait until then for the Conference , that we had better
« Wait a little longer . " Until ihe forced trade caused by the Exhibition shall ( as it no doubt will ) have caused short time and reduction ; but it appears rather absurd to state that such will be the case in May . May or June , the middle of summer , is just the very time when it would be most difficult to induce working men to give up their work . At that time the public mind ¦ wQl be fully occupied with the rivalry of our manufactures with those of all nations . The Press will devote their columns almost exclusively to this subfeet and the proceedings of parliament , and even if the doings of the Conference were noticed it would be in a few words , instead of giving , as has -been done , a tolerably fair notice of its transactions .
Xodgbgs will he scarce and dear , and I question much if a decent room could he obtained for the Conference to sit in . So much do I think public attention will be occupied , that the arrest of every member of the Conference would excite hut little general interest , and less sympathy . In fact , all the propositions yet made for a Conference in London , are the best objections to urge against it ; while the Objections to the Manchester Conference would soon ceas to exist , if the intervening time was rightly spent , and the powers , said to be at our disposal , judiciously , but energetically exercised . I am sorry to find that some branches in expressine their opposition to this question have adopted the tone of the Executive , which , to say the least , isuncourteous . Mr . O'Connor did no more than any other Chartist had a perfect nghtto do , m suggesting that a Conference should be heldjn Manattention to to
Sheste ? , and inviting * »« f £ " » - Lut if he is the founder of the movement , U he has worked hard for years to establish it , if he has sao-ib , ^ hh , time jid money for its advancement , if , for years , he has been the acknowledged leader of the Chartists of this countrv , his suggestion was worthy of a fair consideration , and should have been replied to in a becoming spirit . As the Executive disapproved of a Conference , it was the duty of that body to have issued an address on the 12 th of October , stating its reasons for so doing ; the Chartist members would then have had both sides of the question before them , and having discussed , would cither have accepted or rejected Mr . O'Connor ' s suggestion , and the matter would have been settled . But if the majority was for a Conference , then it -would have been the duty of the Executive , although opposed to it , to have obeyed the will of ' the majority and to have called one .
In conclusion , let me entreat my brother Chartists to waste no more time in word y warfare on this subject , but to weigh well what has been advanced , and then decide and set to work . If Chartism is asleep it is time to arouse it , and if a Conference is necessary , the sooner it is held the better January is not too soon—May or June is too late ] or not late enough . Tours respectfully , A Chahtist .
Depasture Of Mrs. Licet Asd Familt. Ros ...
Depasture of Mrs . Licet asd Familt . ros ArsiKAiiA . —Mrs . Xacey and family left London T » er steamer , on Saturday morning last , for Plymouth , the government ship , the Garland , lying in that port , bound to Sydney , which is to convey her to her husband . It was expected tbat the Garland irould sail on Wednesday or Thursday last . With a view to the defence of any legal proceed ings that may be adopted , Cardinal Wiyeman . has , we hear , retained Mr . Peacock , thft emnrent Queen ' s CowwL ^ AVriMK / wwift f . ;
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Cinureisr-Hub, Gouhbn Lanb.—An Adjourned...
Cinureisr-Hub , Gouhbn Lanb . —An adjourned meeting of delegates was held on Sunday afternoon . Mr . Talhova m the chair . The deputation appointed towaitonMr . O Connor gavein their report . They had been most courteousl y received , and that gentleman concurred in the steps they had taken to call a meeting of the shareholders , and would endeavour to return from Manchester to be present at the me £ trog » ai » a if that was impracticable would write tothem detailing his views ; he would also assist them m calling a Conference prior to the meeting of parliament . The deputation also detailed other infer mation received from Mr . O'Connor respecting the position of the Company . Their report having been received , resolutions were prepared to be adopted at the public meeting , and other details of the business arranged .
Meeting Of Shareholders. A Public Meetin...
MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS . A public meeting of the London shareholders was held at the City . Chartist Hall , Golden-lane , on Monday evening , but the attendance was not extremely large , owing to the state of the weather and the doubt as to Mr . O ' Connor ' s presence . Long before the chair was taken , however , Mr . O'Connor arrived . Messrs . M'Grath and Dixon ; Messrs . Gathard , Seattle , and Harrison , from Minster Lovel ; Mr . Kinross and another delegate , from Snig's End , were also present ; Mr . Illi . vgworth was called to the chair , and briefly opened the business of the meeting , after which
Mr . Dowukg moved the following resolution : — " That the Land Company was established for the purpose of placing the artificially-made surplus population on the idle lands of this country , but the ignorant selfishness of the government , aided by a base , hireling press , having rendered their plans abortive , it is expedient to wind np the affairs of the Company as speedily as possible . " He believed they would all agree with him , that if the government had allowed them to carry out their plans as they originally intended , that the Company would now have been in prosperity . A great philosopher had asserted that the system of government , which did not provide good education and profitable employment for all its subjects , was a libel upon the name of government . If the Legislature had not
openly opposed them it bad done it covertly-and insiduously . A Minister of . Religion , too , had exerted his influence io induce the allottees not to pay a just rent , The landlords of this country had better be careful how they sanction such proceedings , or the system might come home to them ; Since he had entered the room he understood that £ 5 , 000 was due , on the various estates , for rent ,, Some of the allottees had said they had no objection to pay interest for the money expended , but they would not he tenants-at-will to Mr . 0 * Connor . These allottees had no objection to accept other men " as tenants-at-will under them at a greatly increased rental . He was anxious to assist Mr . O'Connor in preserving the property of the shareholders from their grasp . Mr . Cujimixgs seconded the resolution , which was unanimously adopted .
Mr . TjjBors moved the second resolution : — " That it is expedient to call a Conference , to which the bill for winding-up should be submitted previous to its introduction into parliament . " So much had been said about winding np the Company , and it had been so long promised , that he thought it time they looked after their own business . The misdirection on the part of the directors had spoilt a glorious plan . Mr . O'Connor had stated in the Committee-room , that he paid the directors their salaries ; why , then , did they not pay rent ? why was the Land-office kept open ? and why did they have no balance-sheets issued ? He had been told that his name was not even on the books of the Company ; the directors time of office had expired , and be thought a Conference was necessary to examine into those things .
Mr . Humphreys seconded the resolution . Mr . O'Connor had informed him that the laying the bill before Conference could not be carried into effect , as the matter was in the hands of the Parliamentary Agent ; still he thought that a Conference would be productive of considerable good , as great dissatisfaction existed in London , and , he believed , generally throughout the country . The directors had , in his opinion , abused the power entrusted to them ; they had created much distrust among the members of the Land Company , and , by their political treachery , had assisted to injure the cause of Democracy by setting them all in opposition one to another . He wished to know whether Mr . O'Connor coincided with them ? If Mr . O'Connor agreed with the directors and the members of the League , whom he saw present , he would fall with them . He believed Mr . O'Connor would act
right , if left to himself ; but if the calling of a Conference was left to the directors , he did not think the arrangements would give satisfaction . He was for rendering Sir . O'Connor any assistance in winding it up . Mr . O'CoxxoB , on rising , stated that he was sorry that the two last speakers had broached subjects calculated to produce disagreement . About 4100 , 000 bad passed through the bands of the directors , and no one could charge them with embezzling one farthing , whilst several of the local treasurers had been gnilty of fraud . The reason they had issued no balance sheet was because their receipts had been so trifling , and they retained the office and the directorship because they must have a place to keep the books in safe custody , and there was much work for the directors to do prior to the meeting of parliament . As long as funds came in , so long was a balance sheet regularly issued . One speaker had stated , that many attempts had been
made to wind it up ; he had never attempted to wind it up until the Court of Queen ' s Bench had pronounced it to be illegal ; the expense of winding it up would amount , in the first instance , to £ 400 , and he could not proceed last' session for want of funds ; he had lately paid £ 10 for advertisements out of his own pocket . Both Lord Campbell and Sir Frederick Pollock had declared , that according io law , the property was his own , but he would rather break stones in the road than defraud the shareholders . As soon as the Company was wound up he would start another on his own responsibility , and would never rest satisfied until he had placed every man , that desired it , upon the Land , under bis own vine and fi g tree . Mr . AhhSCT inquired what locality Mr . Talboys belonged to , and showed that it was the fault of the local officers and not the directors , if his name was not on the book .
Mr . Stallwood inquired why Mr . O'Connor had Eai d £ 10 out of his own pocket , when £ 70 had een subscribed for the winding up of the Company ? and why the Exchequer Bills they saw in the balance sheet were not sold to meet the expenses of winding np . Mr . Gathahd wished to know what had become of the money received from the sale of a portion of the Dodford estate , and from the sale of materials at the other estates ? Mr . O'Cossoe showed that the £ 70 subscribed was spent in preparing the bill last session , and that
the whole funds of the Company had been expended in completing the various estates , besides several thousands which they were indebted to himself . The Exchequer Bills alluded to were the property of the Bank , and not the Land Company . The sums derived from the land and materials were not large , and the receipts had been spent in paying various tradesmen , to whom accounts were owing , rent of office , salaries of directors , io . He trusted they would allow the discontented allottees to make their statements , that he mig ht answer them before he left .
Mr . Hofkiks said , he had above £ 20 in the Land Company ; that , if it were woundup , he would again invest it * in Mr . O'Connor ' s new Company ,, and that he was willing to give £ 2 or £ 3 towards helping Mr . O'Connor to wind it up . ¦¦ • ¦ Messrs . Beattie and Gathard , from Minster Lovei , made a long statement of grievances , and also read a letter from Mr . J . Knight ; the language they used was very violentand insulting , and it was with difficulty the Chairman could procure them a hearing . Their statements may he summed up as follows : —That rent bad been demanded of them in Mr . O'Connor ' s name , which they refused to pay , because they would not be his tenants-at-law ; that they were Trillin e , when able , to pay it as interest , but not as rent f that they had been served with distraints , bat bad driven off the bailiffs ; that they
had been unsuccessful in their legal proceedings ; and that during the past week they had been elected from their houses , and their goods taken away without any inventory being given ; that they were now encamped on an adjoining piece of ground , and were determined to battle until the last . They also stated that two persons , who had paidrent , had been ' seized upon , because they gave shelter to rbn e who had been turned out ; another complaint was the land was bad , and that Mr . M'Grath and Mr O ' Connor gave different statements of the cost oftlSr howw ; and that builders in theneighbourand that they could prove that Mr . O Connor had robbed the Company of £ o , 000 . " , Mr . Habrisos , also an allottee at Minster ^ vel said that all was distress and desolation on that estate w * h ™ bn . l brought the curse upon
themselves , by following tho advice of Beattie ana Gathard , and going to law , instead of paying their just debts ! He then gaVe a shocking picture of the state of Gathard ' s , Beattie's . and other allotments , stating that charlock , thistles , and docks were growing to the height of several feet , and that the crops were wasted on the ground because they were too lazy to reap them . Mr . Grimshaw , one of the best farmers there , told him , that instead of throwing it into Chancery to avoid paying rents , j tney should be made to pay compensation to the Company for the manner in which they had dete-[ norrted the valua of the property . The houses and
Meeting Of Shareholders. A Public Meetin...
out-houses * $ actually being -destroyed , and though the ftUA ^ 8 d 8 nied , dbmff " iti _ . . yet they encouraged the boys in tu ? work of destruction . He had , that day , received a letter , stating that his wife and family would be turned out , the same as many of the others , but still he was compelled to speak the truth ; the real cause of Beattie's enmity was , that he had demanded 60 s . for some extra ploughing he had done , when he first went to the estate , which Mr . O'Connor refused to pay him . . Messrs . Wesiobt and Humphrbt . addressed the meeting , and Mr . M'Grath explained some items of rent , paid at Minster Lovel , which Mr . Gathard had stated were not in the balance sheet . Mr . Kinross , of Snig's End , with great warmth
and bitterness of speech , complained that tho crops were put in so late , the first season they were located , that they could not get a living , and being thus involved in difficulties , were unable to pay any rent . Mr . Doyle had six acres , and he was no more able to pay than the rest . He had sold three-quarters of an acre of potatoes for 12 s ; Gd . which cost him 7 s . 6 d . digging up . Another reason why they did not pay rent was , Mr . O'Connor had told them that the rent' would be moderate , as the houses only cost £ 90 ; and , in a month after , when rent was demanded , they were told they cost £ 13112 s . Cd .
They did not dispute that this sum had been expended , but they had builders' valuations to prove that they were not worth above £ 90 . If they allowed Mr . O'Connor his own price for the houses , and £ 1 an acre for the ploughing , still there was £ 5 , 183 to be accounted for—and it must and should be accounted for . He also charged him with putting down more Aid Money , by £ 500 , to Snig ' s End , than they had received , found fault that they had no security of tenure , and ended by calling Mr . O'Connor a liar and a monster , which , of course , caused great confusion , and nearly ended in the expulsion of the speaker .
Mr . O'Connor , who had exerted himself to procure the allottees a hearing , then replied : He had been charged with unjustly prosecuting the men at Minster Lovel ; that estate was mortgaged , and he had paid £ 250 a year interest from his own pocket to prevent those men from being seized upon ; but when he found the men would not' pay rent , and wished to juggle the Company , then he allowed the interest to remain unpaid , and the solicitor of the mortgagees had ejected them . Those three men , Beattie , Gathard , . and Wilkins , had sent a
circular round the country , asking assistance in prosecuting their nefarious schemes . Those three men owed £ 100 for rent : they had received £ 90 aid money , and £ C 0 spent in cultivating their land , or more than the subscriptions of fifty paid up fouracre shareholders , and yet they came there and talked as though they were injured men . Beattie had a house and four acres of land , for which he would have to . pay £ 11 rent ; he let three . acres of land for £ 13 a year , and never had paid any rent himself . He stated that he had been a Chartist all
his life , but instead of that he was . an old soldier , one of those who would have shouldered a musket to put down Chartism . On his oath he had never told them , at Snig ' s End , that the houses , only cost £ 90 , the materials alone cost more ; the accounts had been submitted to the closest scrutiny ; the Government Auditors and the Conferences had repeatedly inspected them , and there was not a line of his writing or a single figure of his in any of the books , and all the receipts were laid before the auditors . Respecting the aid money at Snig's End , they would see , in the minutes of examination before the House of Commons , that he had stated that the aid money was intermingled between Snig ' s End and Minster Lovel ; £ 450 too little was charged
to Minster Lovel , and too much to Snig ' s End . Mr . O'Connor explained how this occurred . The men only abused him because he would not pay £ 250 , to allow them to swindle the shareholders . Kinross had talked about £ 1 an acre for ploughing , the land at Snig ' s End was ploughed four times at 15 s . an acre , which amounted on the whole to £ 3 an acre , instead of £ 1 . The whole of the potatoes were put in before they were located , and if they planted more at too late a period in the season he could not he held responsible for it . Kinross had also told them , that some men had expended £ 400 , r £ 100 an acre on the land , and yet could not make o answer ; this was too absurd to he listened to . The men at O'Connorvllle and Dodford had the worst land , but they did not grumble , whilst these
men , placed in a paradise , and surrounded with comforts , refused to pay rents , and complained of poverty . Poor men , how pale they looked . Beattie looked at least twenty years younger than when he worked as a labourer for him , prior to his having his allotment . But he told these men , that though it was not him that ejected them , yet he did not apologise for it , for he would have acted exactly as the mortgagees had done , and he told Kinross that Snig's End was also mortgaged , and that they would be served the same way . ( Cheers . ) If they had acted honourable to the" Company it would now have been in prosperity , but they had painted their faces with health , whilst the subscribers , whose money they had received , and whom they were juggling , were pale with poverty . He cared not for the censure or abuse of such men :
they had picked out the most ferocious man from Snig's End , and sent him to plead for their robbery and-to Sbuse him . "He hoped he should always meet with such abuse , for the censure of slaves and ruffians was adulation ; and yet , these were the men they sent about the country collecting money in order to juggle honest men out . of their property . Mr . O'Connor then showed , from the example of Mr . Sillett , and from the President's message in France , the valued and increasing attention bestowed upon the land question , and concluded by stating , that however much he might be maligned even by those whom he had most befriended and benefitted , yet he should not relax in his exertions until the present Company was wound up and a new one established . Mr . O'Connor then left the meeting amid much cheering . The Chairman and Mr . Dowling explained , that the committee had no knowledge of any of the
allottees coming to the meeting , and that the Conference and not that meeting would he the proper place to detail their grievances . Mr , Wilson supported the motion for a Conference ; he thought that all who had money pass through their hands should be subjected to a close scrutiny . He had a considerable sum invested in the Company , and was anxious that the propeity should be protected . They had been deceived by Mr . O'Connor and the directors , —( cries of " no , no , not by Mr . O'Connor , " )—more particularly by the directors , —( " no , " )—they should have called a Conference long previous ; Mr . O'Connor had a deep personal interest in seeing it honourably settled , but he could not agree with the Manchester Petition , that the winding np should be left to Mr . O'Connor and the directors . ( Mr . "Wilson spoke amid considerable interruption and much contradiction . ) Mr . Wheeler explained relative to the winding up of the Company , and the resolution was carried by a large majority . A vote of confidence in Mr . O'Connor , and thanks for his attendance , was unanimously earned ; also a vote of thanks to the chairman , for his impartial conduct , and the meeting dissolved .
To The Members Of The National Land Comp...
TO THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . Gentlesies , —You are aware , from the advertisement in the Northern Star of the 10 th inst ., that a meeting of the members , resident in London , was to take place in the City Hall , Golden-lane , on Wednesday evening , ihe 20 th of November , ' purporting to be for the express purpose of aiding the Directors in the winding up of tne Company ' s affairs , but was , in reality , called for the purpose of vilifying the characters of men , at least , as" honest , in every respect , as their calumniators .
As one of the Directors I feel It to be my . duty to the shareholders in the provinces , as well as a duty which . I owe to roy own character , to briefly give a statement of facts in reference to the above meeting . In the first place , after a month ' s strenuous exertion on the part of the concoctors , in a town containing between five and six thousand shareholders , they were enabled to get a meeting of fifty-two , including reporters , three directors , and four from Snig ' s End and Minster Lovel . But what will the provincial shareholders think , when they are told that they are amongst the most vituperative of those who are so particularly interested in their welfare ? one is not a member of the Comnanv . and another naspaid tho astounding
amount of eight shillings and tenpence , but not One farthing towards the general expenses of the Company ; another of the principal movers in tho affair has paid six shillings , but nothing to the Expense Fund . Thus , it willbe seen , that out of the four delegates , two have paid , unitedly ,. 14 s . 10 d ., and a third nothing . - ' Then we had Mr . Beatie , who has done all ho could to injure the Company , and John Gathard , who wrote to the Manchester manufacturers , to see if they would advance him the means of throwing the Minster Estate into Chancery . We also had a Mr . Kinross , from Snigjs End , who has been injured by being allowed to live rent free , and , in addition , received the Aid money , for being kind enough to occupy the Company ' s property .
In conclusion , I ask the shareholders generally , can they believe that these men are actuated by a desired to benefit tho Company , or is there not a baser design at the bottom of their intrigues ? 1 understand that after Mr . O'Connor and the Directors had left they were denounced in no measured terms . The Directors are , however , conscious of their own integrity and upright conduct towards the Company , and trust to time to set them right with the country . ¦ , •« .. 4 I am . Gentlemen , your obedient servant , 144 , High , Holborn . Wm . ^ Dixon . louden , Ko ¥ ^ 21 st ,. 1850 . _
National Association Of Xinitefi'tff Rad...
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF XINITEfi ' Tff RADES . T . S . DuNCOuii , Esq ., M . P ., President . ¦ ' . IstaUishtd 1845 ; " fiat ' justitia . " M . J fitwere Possible for the working classes , by com-Dimnj : among themselves , to rai « e , or keep up the general me of wanes , it need hardly be said that this would be a tmng n » t to bo punuhsd , - but to b » welcomed and rejoiced afc Btoabx Mm .. The " Perrys" are driven to desperation , and are plunging themselves deeper and deeper into folly and disgrace . .:... . ' .. ¦ . ¦ ¦ So signally and thoroughly beaten in every disgraceful movement they have resorted to , like the gambler staking his last shillinir . thev seemed
orepared to risk the last shred of character for honour ? ,. c ° mmon sense , which their late proceedings had left to them . ¦ ; : , Mr . Edward Perry having voluntarily submitted the whole of his case to the arbitrament of a bench of magistrates , presided over by the Mayor himself , an eminent solicitor , and no doubt assisted in arriving at a legal and equitable judgment by the m , Clerk , and possibly by the magistrate ' s clerk , ^ \ f * a 0 i ? » ^ ° very man who drew up these one-7 v i r ^ aceful : documents , now turns round ( backed by the opinion of some obscure third-rate chamber barrister , upon a case submitted , in . which the mam facts -are carefully excluded , and those which are introduced , twisted and distorted to suit toe palpable object in view—the perpetration , by
sanction of the law , of his usurped power to rob his workmen of their hire , ) and snaps his fingers at the tribunal of his choice , and refuses to be bound by / j f- ' which k - » witn nIS usua ' want of courtesy and delicacy , pronounces "invalid and unreasonable , and contrary to justice and common sense . " An early opportunity will be afforded Mr . E . Perry of showing cause why he should not bo compelled to . pay to his hired workmen the price which the magistrates have pronounced the standard of tho town , and not as Perry would wish it , the price once paid by hint and his conspirators , and which the Tinmen have repudiated ; not the price lately orinow paid by a majority of the masters to " a miserable minority of the Tinmen of Wolverhampton ,
but the price bona fide paid to , and received byj ^ the great bulk of the Tinmen of the town , by the largest and most respectable manufacturers . It , 1 s true that for the last nine years Mr . Perry and liis friends have usurped the rig !* t . to set up each his own standard of wages , and circumstances have enabled them to force the standard down the throats of their workmen . But this shall never happen again . We have opened to the Tinmen a chapter of the statute law of England , and have shown them , that to them appertains the ri ght of determining thej > riceof their own labour , and whatever price the majority of them fix on , is , and shall , 'in all future time , be the standard of wages in Wolverhampton .
We insert Mr . Perry ' s modest letter to the late Mayor , the case submitted to counsel , and that person's opinion thereon , and Mr . Robinson ' s answer to Perry's impertinent epistle . " TO GEOKGE BOBINSOX , ESQ . "Dear Sir , —I have already apprised you that my solicitor concurred with me in strongly impugning the opinion you expressed , on the part of yourself ( as Mayor ) , and several other magistrates , on the 24 th ult ., relative to the matter wherein I have been prominently brought under public notice ; and I now beg to call your attention to the accompanying counter opinion of eminent counsel . " The concluding sentence of your late opinion strongly disposes me to agree with Mr . Willes , that it is probable the views you expressed were governed
by a laudable desire to * terminate these unfortunate differences , ' by ' amicable recommendation , ' rather than by a judgment founded on deliberate legal reflection and did it not happen that the opinion thus uttered is calculated to aggravate and prolong the existing differences , instead of terminating or lessening them , I should certainly offer no objection to it on this account . That it is so calculated I have already had experience ; for its extensive circulation among the workmen , through the instrumentality of the itinerant Chartist delegates , whom you lately honoured with a hearing , has given rise to demands which I am bound to resist , as contrary to law and justice as well as to the interests of myself and men . ' '•' " That you should construe a covenant to pay my own scale of prices ( which are readily determined and defined , either by my books or workmen's evidence of usage ) as a covenant to pay the prices of other individuals , must appear , even to yourself , on
more mature ' reflection , as invalid as it is unuvi sonable , I feel convinced . But obviously contrary as this is to justice and common sense , it is far less so than the further construction that I am bound , in thus paying the prices of others rather than my own , to pay , not the . average prices of the various masters , but tho prices of a minority of them—of two only ! it is clear , however , that on this point you pronounced your opinion under error as to a matter of fact ; for you intimated that the majority of the masters— ' the other three '—were « acting avowedly in concert' with me ; which is incorrect , inasmuch as none ef the four adopt tho same nominal prices . In answering , therefore , the question— To : Whom are we to refer for the market price of the day ? . 'as you have answered -it , by saying not to Messrs . R . Perry and Son , not to Mr . Fearncombe , not to Mr . Thurstans , not to Mr . Edward Perry , but to Messrs . Walton and Shoolbred alone—the error as to fact , perhaps , accounts for the palpable injustice of tho judgment . . :
" I feel it due to myself and the workmen misled , or liable to be misled , by the self-interested demagogues , who have industriously circulated printed copies of your opinion , with comments of their own , to make public the counter opinion received from counsel ; to which I shall , in justice , attach a copy of the case submitted ; and I trust you will not deem me guilty of discourtesy or disrespect in publishing this letter with them . . " I remain , dear Sir , yours respectfully , " Edward Pjsrry . " St , Paul's Yilla , Nov . 14 th . " .
CASE SUBMITTEO TO COUNSEL . " Mr . Edward Perry is an extensive manufacturer Of Japan and Tin goods at Wolverhampton , and employs a great many workmen , most of whom are hired by written contracts , similar to the one sent herewith . " Mr . Perry has not altered the scale of wages which he has been giving his men for the last eight or nine years ; so that when a man enters his service he can immediately ascertain the uniform price paid to other workmen in his employment , either by reference to them , or by Mr . Perry's paybook—indeed , there is no difficulty whatever on that score . The workmen have lately been instigated by delegates from the Trades' Union , to try to coerce Mr . Perry to alter his prices , which arc alleged to be lower than two others who have
submitted to the men ' s hat of prices . The workmen of Mr . Perry were well satisfied with Mr . Perry ' s prices , which are in some respects higher than those contended for ; but most of them have been seduced or frightened from his service , and are being supported by tho Trades' Unionists . " The magistrates of the borough have in sonic instances committed men on these contracts for neglect of service . Tho mayor of the borough entertains doubts as to the agreement for price amounting to more than a mere quantum meruit , and he proposes to ascertain the quantum meruit , by reference to the two highest prices and not the four lowe 6 t . We presume an average of the whole would be more , likely to be the market price under the present circumstances ; which average the men have refused , at it would give them a lower scale of prices than Mr . Perry's . .
, " We submit the written agreement does not bear the Mayor ' s construction , and that the price is either to be ascertained by : reference to what Mr . Perry ' s' other workmen wore receiving for similar articles , or it is void for uncertainty . But it may be said , that the present tense , " now pays '' must refer to the very day . and probably on that day he might pay nothing as he reckons once a week ; but we say the natural construction is the price he was in the habit of paying within a reasonable period up to that date , taking the notorious fact into account , of his not having varied his prices for eight or nine years .
" The variety of articles in the trade is almost endless , and it might therefore happen , that the workman would be put to a novel job , and it would be impossible , of course , to refer to ascertained prices in the case of new articles—in such a case probably the Mayor ' s standard of quantum meruit would be correct , not for his reasons , but because the : workmen might be considered as not then workingfunder the agreement . . ' ' " You will please read the agreement with the Mayor ' s decision published by the workmen ; and advise Mr . Perry—whether , the Mayor ' s interpretation of the contract be the correct ono ? or , whether the agreement can be enforced by evidence of what other workmen were then , or about that time receiving for similar articles ? and whether the quantum meruit must prevail only where there is no precedent or other standard , in consequence of the novelty of the articles ?"
OPINION Or COUNSEL . " lam of opinion that the Mayor ' s interpretation of the Contract is not the correct one ; indeed I think the Mayor cannot possibly have intended to give it as a legal opinion , upon tho construction of a contract to pay what Mr . Perry at the timeofthe contract paid—that is , ' was' in the habit of paying other workmen—that , not what be paid , but what o ^ h er persons paid is , ( in the very teeth of the contract ) the amount payable between Mr . Perry and his workmen , bound by such contract . I think the Mayor could only have-meant what he is reported to have said , as an amicable recommendation . It requires nothing but a plain grammatical construcr tion of the " words of the agreement—in which there knotting j » i % i ^ absurd , to
National Association Of Xinitefi'tff Rad...
call for any other sort of construction—to appl y ft to those wages which the other workmen in the employ of Mr . Perry at this time were entitled to recei ve , which must be ascertained by what they had received . The plain object of tho contract is , that the workmen coming into Mr . Perry ' s service should receive what Mr . Perry had been paying other workmen , and evidence of what other workmen were then , or about that time , receiving for similar articles , is admissable to settle the amount to which a workman entering into such a contract is entitled . Where the work is novel , there the agreement does not apply as to price , and the value ot the work done on such novel articles is to bo paid . In other cases , I think the prices actually paid at the time by Mr . Perry to other workmen previously m his employ , and who had been paid or engaged to work at a certain price , in such cases form the proper standard .
" Inner Temple , Stb'Mov ., 1850 . " '
At the last meeting of the Council , Mr . Robinson , the ex-Mayor , addressed the court as follows : — " Mr . Perry has addressed a printed handbill to me , impugning the opinion which ( as Mayor ) lexpressed on behalf of myself and the four other Magistrates who attended at the Public Office on the 24 th of last month , to hear the disputes between him and his workmen . I cannot think this a desirable mode of proceeding , because if all parties receiving opinions adverse to their own interests or wishes are to publish remonstrances , there will be almost an end to the use of civil tribunals . However , I profess no infallibility , and during the short time that I have had to sit as a magistrate I have been
always most glad when any opinion I was called upon to give could be the subject of appeal . In this matter Mr . Perry himself sought the interference of the magistrates ; he addressed a letter to me as mayor desiring our interference , and he himself conveyed my letter to his foreman suggesting the interview . On receiving it , the workmen met and appointed certain persons , including two members of the Trades' Union , to attend with them . Mr . Perry was perfectly aware of these resolutions , and that he should meet these parties when he came before us . Besides , it was reasonable that his workmenj unpractised in speaking , should be assisted by any persons they thought competent . I dismiss , therefore , the remark of Mr .
Perry , that J" we , honoured itinerant' Chartist delegates with a hearing , " as quite inapplicable to the subject . . Neither does it become me now to say whether the ; opinion expressed by me on behalf of myself and the other Magistrates is " likely to aggravate the existing differences , instead of terminating or lessening them , " as Mr . Perry states in the handbill . I can only say the Magistrates were influenced by the sincerest desire to effect a very different sesult ,. , above all , to do right and administer justice impartially . But , speaking nowfor myself , I do not admit the legal error attributed to me . It may be presumptuous in me to give any opinion of mine contrary to that of Mr . Willes—one of the most learned of men in the more
abstruse departments of law of which the profession can boast—but justice is as much regulated by the business , customs , and feelings of life , as by dry and dusty pleading , and I do not see the difference between us . Mr . "Willes appears to be speaking of one thing and tho magistrates of another . The facts on which our opinion was given were these : —It was stated that Mr . Perry had about fifty workmen then in his employ under agreements , and that all the rest of his workmen had left him . Some of the agreements were stated to be as much as ten years old , and to vary in their terms : ' We understood that in some of them he engaged to give the wages "he then paid "—( " now pays " being the words ) ,- —and that in others of them he enzaeed
to give the wages he paid " to the other workmen in his manufactory . " I perfectly recollect saying at the time that if the agreements all varied , Mr . Perry might have as many different rates of wages in his manufactory as there were contracts ; and that with reference to such of them as did not refer to the wages of an exact date , but to the wages " paid to other workmen '' for the current time —( for all days during the period)—the question became one of quantum meruit : legally referable to the wages of other manufacturers , when ho ceased to have any workmen in his manufactory except those , under such contracts : '• an important fact , not stated in the case laid before Mr . Willes . And I adhere to that opinion , because Mr . Perry
would otherwise make himself the judge of the wages he should pay ; there would be no independent standard . I adhere also to the opinion I gave , that the workmen had a right to refer to the wages paid by Messrs . Walton and Co ., and Messrs . Shoolbred and Co ., because it was expressly stated ( without the slightest contradiction at that time by Mr . Perry ) that the other tin-plate manufacturers in the town were acting in concert with him , except Messes . ' Walton and Co ., and Messrs . Shoolbred , and that they employed more than half the workmen of that trade in the town . I could not entertain a doubt as to the conclusion to which any jury on such evidence would come , and where a magistrate is the judge of fact and law , he cannot exclude
such a consideration from his mindr Suppose ; for instance , a workman was put to work of an inferior character to that which he expected and . began with , and by which alteration he could earn only small wages . There might be a " grammatical " compliance with the agreement on the part of a master , but it would be a violation of its spirit , and no magistrate would think of committing in . such a case . On the other hand , is there to be no improvement and corresponding advance ? It is a mistake , indeed , altogether , to suppose that a magistrate is bound to commit : he may commit , abate wages , or discharge the servant . And suppose two years ago a man engaged to work at certain prices , the price of that day ; and suppose wages rise , and the man ' s fellow workmen get twenty per cent , more than' he is entitled to ; and suppose the master still insists on his contract—what magistrate would like to
commit in such a case ? I do not imply that such questions as these apply to Mr , Perry : I only put them to show that the " grammatical" words of an agreement are not every thing , and how difficult it is to settle such arrangements by anything but the current wages of the day . I have referred to this matter with great regret . I have no sympathy with Chartists or Trades' Unions , and no idea that wages can bo settled by such associations or means . But magistrates cannot bo influenced hy such references : they can only administer the law to the best of their judgment , and trust to a fair and impartial interpretation of their conduct . It is in justice to the magistrates who so kindly sat with me on the occasion to which I am referring , that I have noticed Mr . Perry ' s handbill , and I hope that I have not done so in one word more than was necessary . "
We must leave Mr . E , Perry for this week . His worthy brother has . especial claims upon our attention . Ex-Town Councillor George Henry Perry , the convicted misdemeanist , the catspaw of the hope and pride of the family , has been thrusting his paw among the burning chesnuts ; he has been over to France and inveigled ten live Frenchmen to assist him in trampling upon the rights of British labour . We venture to prophecy , that the Frenchmen , when they become thoroughly acquainted with
the disreputable position designed for them , will deem it an insult to their national honour , will consign the "beautiful brothers "to the region below , and compel tho " bruiser" either to send them bacR again , or pay them the standard wage of the town . This infamous proceeding has , as far as we know , but one parallel—that of Caslon and Co ., the typefounders ; . but we are quite sure that the Tin Plato Workers of , England will come forward as one man / and support this committee in defeating the damnable conspiracy against British labour .
We heldour feUow workmen of France guiltless of any . dishonourable 'intentions . We are sure they have been basely deceived and allured by false Erom ises and false statements . We sincerely and eartily pity these poor fellows ; and if , as we suspect , a wrong has been done to them , we will see if there is no possibility of making that wrong right ., What , now , will the people of Wolverhampton think of their townsman—the rejected of St . Paul ' s and St . John ' s—the aspirant to tho honourable office of a British alderman—this un-English money-grubber ? How long is the respected , name of Thrustans to be polluted by a presumed participation with this
despicable faction ? Why , we should think there was enough of tho John Bull about Mr . Fearncombe to induce him to repudiate the attempt to bring English labour to the continental standard . He who , when he worked as a journeyman at King's , in Cock-lane , was so sturdy a stickler for tho rights of labour—tho foremost man in all the strikes and tuvn-outs of his day—who conceived himself an " oppressed individual" if he earned less than £ 5 for a week ' s labour . To the members of this Association wo are sure that the mere statement of these disgraceful facts will call forth a stern demand upon this Committee tomaintain , with undiminished energy , the struggle they are engaged in against a couple of the meanest and most dishonourable tyrants that ever
disgraced the name of employer . We . have just received Mr . Robinson ' s reply to Mr , Perry ' s letter , and counsel ' s opinion . We invite bur members' attention to . this important rejoinder . We think they will agree with us , that the case of the Tin Plate Workers is in a promising position , and far beyond the reach of further damage from the Perrys , the lawyer , or the Frenchman to boot . We earnestly hope that no molestation or insult will be offered to these men , but they will he treated with that kindness and forbearance due to strangers . Nothing would so much injure our position m its present favourable aspect , as any proceedings which could be construed into abreach of the law . We feel quite sure that a few days will bring us to r triumphant victory ^
National Association Of Xinitefi'tff Rad...
BiiftftHGHAM , —We deeply regret having to report another shameful attempt to reduce the wages of one oftie best and staunchest bodies—the Thick mre Drawers of Birmingham . A Mr . Smith / sole manager to Messrs . Brown and Co ., of Payeleystreot , Wire Drawers , is trying—by lessening tho cost of production by any means , fair or unfairto undersell other houses in the trade ; and of course , the wages of labour presents itself as the , item mosc convenient upon which to try tho cheapening process . The details are too intricate to enable us to fully ; explain the case this week , it may be sufficient to state , that the Central Committee have taken tho most prompt and energetic means to repel this unjust aggression upon the wages of the wire drawers ,
and they have the strongest nopes ot a speedy and successful issue , Wo shall enter fully into the question next week . The demand upon the space so kindly awarded us by the editor of the Star , alone precludes us from giving a full report this week . We relywith undiminished confidence upon a continuation by our members of that prompt and generous support which has enabled the Central Committee to maintain this protracted-struggle in Wolverhampton , We can assure them it is no ordinary contest we are engaged in . We have . taken up and maintained a most important princip le—one hitherto little understood by the working classes , and treated with scorn and derision by the Perrya of trade— " the right and power of the working classes by combination , to fix the value of their labour . " We have shown that this can be done constitution * ally , and ifitis . so practicable in behalf of one trade
m one town , we cannot see why the trades of Great Britain should not carry out the principle to its utmost possible extent . We prove the soundness of our theory by the success of our practice ; and we are confident it will be soon seen , acknowledged , and acted on by the thousands who are now . constrained , by want of this legal combination , to accept the miserable dole which the avarice of capital begrudgingly awards , to its ignorant spiritless slaves . We point the road to a glorious revolution for British industry , not , perhaps , to be " achieved in a year , but if determinedly persisted in , inevitable in its results . We may adopt , with a slight variation , the spirit of those beautiful lines : — " Labour ' s battle once begun , ... Bequeathed . by bleeding sire to son , "Though always lost , is ever won . " Then courage , lads ! there is hope in the future , there is certain victory for jjerseverance and bravery . . William Peel , Secretary . 259 , Tottenham-court-road . .
" Temple-street , Wolverhampton , November 19 th . " Dear Peel , —On my return from Birmingham this morning I found the town in commotion , in consequence of Mr . G . Perry importing a quantity of Frenchmen to supersede the labour of the residents , who desire only to receive the same price as is paid by Messrs . Shoolbred and Walton .. " These importations show in deeper colours than all their former acts , the blackness of their hearts and the wickedness of their intentions . "Themigrations of our own countrymen , through false and delusive promises , to these factories of deception , was of itself sufficient to arouse the latent
passions of a great body of the inhabitants to a grand demonstration of denouncement ; but this is a hundred-fold more dangerous in its nature to the welfare , liberty , and independence of the workmen of this town . It is a movement to terrorise , as it is to impoverish the poor , and reduce tho inhabitants to a state of beggary . He that is not for us is against us . He that hires foreign labour to supersede that of his own countrymen is as great an enemy to the nation as the bitterest foe without the dominions . If these men desire to Frenchify their work and their manufactures , let them , in the name of common sense and common justice to our common country , take themselves and their ill-gotten booty to foreign shores .
" This is another blow at the independence o £ English labour , by . one who has risen—some few years ago—from the dunghill of nothingness . This wanderer , whohasbecn driven from the shores of America , and who was lately convicted in the full penalty and costs for assault , will not be allowed by Englishmen , whether unionists or not , to do just as he pleases in regulating the happiness or misery of the people of this town at his will . God forbid that ever England should be filled ' with foreign labour , or that foreigners should be allowed to govern the prices . of English labour . "I remember reading of riots , acts of parliament , and other methods being adopted to destroy
the influence of a foreign power . I also remember , on a recent occasion , of thousands of lour fellow countrymen being driven from the shores of France , because they competed with French labour . " 1 hope that these men , just imported from Republican France , will not be the instruments of English oppression , or that they will allow themselves or their brave countrymen' to be made the dupes and willing slaves of those whose only desire is revenge and the impoverishment of the people . " Dear Peel , these acts . ortyranny . and black oppression deserve the condemnation of " all honest hearts , and the determination of all good and true men to tread the system to dust as they would the foulest monster . '
" Good Heavens ! what , Frenchmen toJbe brought to the town of Wolverhampton to destroy all future prospects of Englishmen ! Will not this arouse the unionists of Great Britain to action , and beat down for ever-, the actors in this foul and base tragedy ? I cannot trust myself upon this question , for its atrocity is of so black a character . But I do hope , that you who are far away away from the scene , will lay before the public this monstrous injustice in all its naked deformity . There is no doubt but that they have been inveigled here by false promises , which , sooner or later , will be brought to light , and recoil on the head of the deceiver with a tenfold severity . For , " There is a time when men , oppressed , despised , ill-treated , and unfed , Will all their mighty vengeance hurl on their oppressor ' s head . " "I am , dear Peel , yours , » tc , " Thomas Winters . "
National Charter League. On Sunday Eveni...
NATIONAL CHARTER LEAGUE . On Sunday evening last , a meeting of this body was held at the Talford Coffee House , Farringdon * street . —Mr . T . Clark in the chair . Mr . Hunt delivered an able and eloquent lecture upon that all absorbing question at the present time , namely , this appointment by the Pope of a Roman Catholic Hierarchy in England . At the conclusion of the lecture a spirited discussion ensued , in whichMessrs . Clark , Arnold , Allnult , and M'Grath took part . It was announced from the chair tbat Mr . Kendall would deliver a lecture on Sunday evening next , on the " Life and Times of Oliver Cromwell , " The friends of free and enlightened discussion are respectfully invited to attend . '• . '' ..
Council Meeting , Tuesday , November 19 th , —This council , specially convened to consider the anniversary article of the ' Northern Star * of Saturday last , the 16 th inst ., resolvea;— " That with a view to the successful advocacy of the People's Charter , it is essential that the press , which is the recognized organ of its doctrines ; should be equal in literary power , truthfulness , temper , and political sagacity , to its contemporaries of opposing politics . Tbat having read the anniversary article in the < Northern Star' of the 16 th inst ., and knowing thai journal to be the only authorised exponent of the sentiments of the Chartist party throughout the
country , this council has great satisfaction in ex » pressing its entire approval of the sentiments and manner of that article , and in recording its conviction , that such writing is indispensable to the credit , standing , and success of the cause . '' — " That the council tenders its thanks to the Editor , for the example which he has thus set of true liberality , for his gentlemanly , temperate , and dignified mode oi dealing with those whom he seeks to convert , through their convictions , but especially for the exalted tone which such literature must necessarily give to a cause deserving support of the highest in * tellect , and which it needs but such championship to secure . " — " That this council offers its sincere
congratulations upon the long-lived existence of the 1 Northern Star / and has to express its wishes that the proprietor and editor may both live to witnws the triumph of that cause which they have so long struggled to sustain . "
Weavers' Turx-Out.—On Wednesday, The 30t...
Weavers' Turx-Out . —On Wednesday , the 30 th October , upwards of 250 weavers in the . employment of Messrs . Jonas Sharp and Son , of Prospect and Albion Mills , Bingley , struck work , in consequence of tlioir employers reducing their wages from fivepence to twopence per piece , and requiring them to attend to two looms in place of one . Subscriptions for the support of the turn-outs have been entered into at the various factories in thoneigD . ' with
bourhood , and among the public at large , very successful results . A crowded pub > f " «*'"? ? , £ ? , the subject was held in the New Odd leUo « ItaU . on Monday evening , *' oyew r . nJ h ? object of Brown , in an able sp eech , « Pg »& g _ Sm the meeting ; Mr . B * d ^ ' ^ % < $ !& ^^ ir ^ whieh resolutions pkdgwff Trades Union , - « ' *^ . V ? turn-outs , and appoint * S ssssia ^ i ^ ffi /^ . ^ ^ t ^& . t ; M . P ., iaseverely indisposed ^ aocSts received in town represent bin lordelap t » be in a very precarious , state , " f -. -
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 23, 1850, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_23111850/page/5/
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