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THE LAM)
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TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS. Mr Dear Feiek...
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL.
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VOL.X. NO. 428. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANIJA...
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jfowfgi! Jntemgeme.
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FRANCE. The debate in the Chamber of Pee...
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INDIA AND CHINA. OvBRUxn Mm.—Intelligenc...
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Crates' flftobements*
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FRAMEWORK-KNITTERS' MOVEMENT. A three co...
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imperial ^parliament
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On Thursday, the session of Parliament f...
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HOUSE OF COMMONS-Thursday, Jax. 22. The ...
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Diutu of a Former Rkvolijckxisi.—Baron L...
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I < f } t \
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' much l>"} w* by 4 eanonjif p'^"fl?v^ l...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Lam)
THE LAM )
To The Imperial Chartists. Mr Dear Feiek...
TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS . Mr Dear Feiekds , —I presume that , in the midst of the conflict of questions , you will be glad to hear something about the question of questions ; and that the excitement of free trade , the militia , war , famine , and the Queen ' s speech , instead of diverting your attention from that all-important subject , will rather lead yon to a consideration of it as the means of making you independent of all casualties , whims ,
caprices , and class legislation . - first , and most important , then , as regards out association , stands the question of enrolment , which , but for the continued indisposition of our advising counsel , Mr . Macuamara , would hare been effected long since . Mr . Macuaman * , I regret to say , has sot teen able to attend Ms office for the last fortnight . The rules were trans mitted to Mr . Tidd Pr * tt » through Mr . Roberts ' clerk , with the opinion of counsel that they wen in every way conformable to the statute .
Mr . TiddPrattdiinotobjwtto the name , as he could rat , hat he suggested some trifling alterations which , were necessary to bring the rules within the strict provisions of the Act of "Pariiament . Mr . Roberts and his clerk subsequently waited upon Mr . Tidd Pratt in order to ascertain what his objections were , as well as his feelings towards the object . Those gentlemen represent Mr . Tidd Pratt as being not only mostc & urteouB , but most anxious to conform to the wish of the society . ' However , upon
comparing the rales with the several others that he had enrolled , he shewed that in no case did the Act permit the purchase of property by trustees , for the use of the members of a society , and suggested an alteration to the effect that the members , ef course under the direction of the trustees , should purchase the . Land THEMSELVES . Sow , this is the material objection raised by the certifying barrister , and one which 1 had in my mind when I so pertinaciously persisted ( in conference ) on the necessity of the ballot for location preceding the purchase of land .
The delegate * will bear in mind , that npon the introduction of every fresh motion , I literally bond them with the repeated assertion , that in the end foeyshomi rescind their resolution npon this head , and adoptmine for the previous ballot . Itnowappears that I was right , and never till this moment hare I sees tht slightest reasos for retracting my former opinion . If the rule , as it now stands , did not present an obstacle to enrolment , I should , nevertheless , have wished to see it expunged ; howevar , the law has enforced what I could not effect . To mako
the rules square , then , with the statute , it will be necessary that the ballot should precede the purchase , in order that the estate should be bought by the members for the society ' s use . This change I think will add great strength , as well as afford great facilities , to our operations . The successful members will be more at liberty to actfor themselves , without the possibility of infringing or trenching upon tht rights of their brother members , and I am not sorry for this transference of power , and this legitimate responsibility , from the handsof theofficers to those of the soldiers .
Another question which naturally presented itself to view was the desirableness of preserving Chartist principles in our arrangements . Upon this subject I have had many consultations with Mr . Roberts , who is equally alive as myself to its importance , and to effect which Mr . Roberts , it will be seen from the following letter , jnst received , is bending his capacious and all-grasping mind . When I insert his letter , 1 ¦ will make a comment or two npon it : — Iff Scab O'Coxxob . —I hsee thought of the Land
rate , and I believe mr plan to w the oest , and teat the menwoatdlikeit the best . It would gire each man a freehold ownership—better than jour " lease for ever "and at an insignificant cost above the present . Enough allotments should be taken at once to cover the land which the directors will hare previously "fixed upon /' not "bought , " the difference being between the "fixed wpon ** and "bought / ' I am sure that the men would lather give double for the omvtiSap . "W . P . Bosbsh .
5 fow , yon must understand from Mr . Roberts' letter , that he neither objects to , nor seeks to limit , the period of perpetuity meant by a lease for ever , but , on the contrary , he proposes to transform that which , though sufficiently extensive for all agricultural pur poses , is , after , all , but a chattel interest , and is not recognised as that description of tenure which con-Teys the rote . 2 for is it considered so high a tenure as " that of freehold , ; which Mr . Roberts proposes to substitute . This freehold tenure supposes ownership—the tenant liquidating the original purchase money by easy instalments ; a method which I very much prefer , and one which will facilitate rather
than retard the process of mortgaging—the members themselves beingtienthe mortgagees , and the lender the mortgagor . I very much prefer relying upon Mr Roberts ' opinion npon all legal matters to confiding in my own , and , truth , to say , it is only nOWthat Mr . Roberts' attention has been called to tie rul « s at all . He is our treasurer and nothing more , and his neces gary attendance at Liverpool during the winter assize deprived nsof his assistance in conference . He has sow turned his attention to the subject , and the joles will be enrolled , preserving the name , the objects , and the wishes of the members made conformable to the statute . Mr . Macnamara still holds , that the revising barrister has no power to refuse their enrol
ment as they at present stand ; hut that gentleman , whose wish appears to be to enrol every society that doesnot trench npon the Corresponding Act , states , in reply , that he has already been rebuked by Mr . Justice Wighiman for the unscrupulous exercise of his power . He suggests also that another alteration in the rules is inevitable ; a provision that was carried by a very slender majority—I mean the division of the country into districts . This , he says , is a direct infringement of the Corresponding Act , while its erasure does not , in the least , operate against its being carried into practice when necessary . Here again the ballot previous to purchase steps in and aids us .
Yon will now thoroughly understand me , that in order to have the rules enrolled , name and all , it becomes necessary that the ballot should precede purchase , in order that the members , not the officers , should purchase . Secondly , that the rule for the division of the country into districts ( Scotland may stand ) should be expunged ; and then , which is not absolutely necessary for enrolment , you are to con . aider the suggestions of Mr . Roberts , distinguishing the difference between a lease for ever , at a stated rent , and a freehold , which means for ever , at a rent fined down according to the payments made by the occupants . Thi » description of tenure gives the vote—the other does not . I have always been very particular upon the protection which an ultimate appeal to the people gives to their leaders ; and ,
therefore , as no man with a particle of brains can misunderstand the plain and simple manner in which 1 submit the several propositions , I have to request that they may be laid hefor * tha several branches by their officers as speedily as possible , so that the responsibility may rest npon the proper shoulders . For myself , I acquiesce in the two alterations which the law prescribes , while I have not completely made np my miad npon the suggestion of Mr . Roberts . Perhaps , however , jour own good sanse , and reliance npon his judgment , may aid you to a solution , which , with his concurrence , will perfectly satisfy me . Mr . Roberts states , in his letter , that he will be in London next week , and will then see to the enrolment , which , with these changes , yon should consider as accomplished .
I now turn to a very flattering portion of my subject The "Cordwainers , " whose instalments were acknowledged in the general account , and therefore maybe presumed to constitute a branch of the society , were a distinct and separate body , composed of London shoemakers , whose object was to purchase small allotments near London , and to build houses upon them , to escape the high rents in the metropolis . ThU association has broken np and joined the Chartist Co-operative Land Association , with the
exception of two or three members , whom bad trade and distress has compelled to withdraw their deposits , amounting to £ 6 lGs . 4 d . This fact was communicated to me this morning by a deputation of those memters who have joined our association , and who brought me an order to receive the £ C ICa . 4 d . for the poor fellows , who will become weeklycontributors to the general association , but whom distress had rendered unable to lie out of so large an amount . J paid over their mosey , with th « interest allowed by the
To The Imperial Chartists. Mr Dear Feiek...
bank from the day it was paid to the day it was withdrawn . I now call your attention to the following letter , jnst received from France : — Calais , January 12 , 1846 . Bear Sir , —Having raad jour work on Small Farms the roles as well , and I think it will be of great use to the people . I shall take it as a favour if you will put ine down for two shares in your Chartist Land Society , in the Nottingham department . I bare sent fire pounds , hoping jou will send me word how much more I shall hare to pay , and 1 will send it as soon ail can . Yours , & c , leargui O'Connor , Esq . Jacob "Wilson . Direct for Jacob Wilson , at lions . Landes , Cniffonir , Hue du Harve , Calais , France .
. The answer to the above is , that Mr . Wilson ban yet 4 s . 4 d . to pay , the price of a double share . So then , my friends , you sec that my little work npon " Small Farms" has crossed the seas ; and is , I believe , destined to proclaim the triumph of labour . I am not a little vain of that work , ner a little flattered by the high eulogiums that have been passed upon it . I still live in the strong hope , the strongest hope , a well-founded hope of seeing one hundred freemen domiciled in their own castles before the month of May expires , and of having set an example worthy the imitation of the rulers of the world . In America , in France , in Prussia , in England , and in Ireland , faction is warring for the land ; and why shouldn ' t those whose every grievance springs from its nonpossession , struggle peacefully for its attainment t
However , while you go on in the struggle , do not forget the great and mighty questions which should just now enlist yoar every attention ; do not forget your duty to Frost , Williams , and Jones ; do not omit to inspire your children with a sacred horror of war , and a preference for the plough-share to the sword ; do not neglect to petition against , to denounce , and to bring into social and family contempt , the embodiment of the militia ; and , though last not least , be not unmindful of the persecution of O'Qiggins , and the glorious straggle that he is making in Ireland against the enamy of your principles . Again calling your attention to the several propositions I have laid before you , I am , your faithful friend , ' And unpurchaseable servant , F & iBflM O'Coxkok .
And National Trades' Journal.
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
Vol.X. No. 428. London, Saturday, Janija...
VOL . X . NO . 428 . LONDON , SATURDAY , JANIJARr 24 , 1846 .. , * „ mJ £ M ? JL * . ; . - 7 1 ' . ., * Plv « Bhulinga and Sixpence pev Qimvter ¦ " ' - ' - ' ' ' " ' '" - — * ir ~ ' ' - '" J " ' ¦¦¦ : ¦¦ = ^ - ^— . , ,
Jfowfgi! Jntemgeme.
jfowfgi ! Jntemgeme .
France. The Debate In The Chamber Of Pee...
FRANCE . The debate in the Chamber of Peers on the address was brought to a close on Friday , and the House divided , when the address , as drawn up by the committee , was adopted without an amendment by a majority of 120 to 23 . The debate on the address in the Chamber of Deputies commenced on Monday , and was enlivened at the end of the day by a speech from M . Ledru-Kollin , who , though himself an ultra-Radical , made a violent attack on the Opposition , and especially condemned the principles upon which the parties of M . Odilou Barrot and M . Thiers had recently agreed to lay aside their differences , and to unite in their attacks upon the government . The terms upon which that junction was effected could be discovered
by facts . The calls for reform had re-echoed throughout the country , and the Left was asked to join the Reform Conference now assembled in Paris . But the organ of the Left had declared that no Reform ought to be supported which was not accepted by the Left Centre , aud by a portion of the supporters of the government . It was evident , therefore , that the Left had given up their principles , and adhered to those of the Left Centre , of which if . Thiers was the head . He then went on , in the midst of considerable movement and agitation in the Chamber , to advance reasons to prove that the policy of M . Thiers , both at home and abroad , was nothing else than that of the present * orcrnnient . He adjured the Left not to give up the slightest portion of its principles , but to show a steadier front than ever ; then the country would follow them .
After the speech of M . Ledru-Rollin , the debate was adjourned . General Rostollan died at Passy , near Paris , on Wednesday , in the eighty-fourth year of his age . He served with distinction throughout the war of the R « public and Empire , and commanded a brigade at Antwerp in 1 S 09 , whan the British army landed at Walcheren . SPAIN . Madrid , Jjbt . 13 . —Last night a group of persons passing along the Calle de la Cruz began to cry " Viva EsparteroJ" They separated and iledin different directions as soon as they saw the police approaching The guards continue to be reinforced at the Postoffice and other points .
PORTUGAL . Ofesixo of the Gobies . —We have Lisbon cor respondence to the 10 th inst . The Cortes was opened by the Queen in person . " Relations with foreign powers continued in the greatest harmony . She solicited the most serious attention to the budget and projects of law which are to accompany-it , in order that the government may be enabled to persevere in the discharge of the duties imposed on it by this most important branch of the public administration . She solicits the Chambers to support her government
that the country may reap the benefits of the representative system . " The Duke of Palmella , though a member of the commission to draw up the answer to the speech from the throne , has given notice that he cannot attend the Chambers for some time . It is taken as a decisive condemnation of the ministerial policy . It has been officially announced that the yellow fever , in its worst form of black vomit , has appeared in the Cape Verde Islands . The visit of the Eclair to one of the islands was the fatal cause ot the calamity . All the ports of Portugal , except Lisbon , are closed against vessels from those islands .
SWITZERLAND . The Grand Council of the Canton of Berne met on the 12 th . The question of the revision of the constitution was agitated in the first sitting . Threeopinions were expressed . One , of th « Conservative party , rejects all revision as dangerous at present , and as opposed to the _ majority of the will of the people , 'the second opinion , which aims at revising by a constituent , had for organs the members of tht grand council , who convoked the popular assemblies , and , amongst others , the president of the court of appeal , M . Fank . The third , which , confining itself strictly
within the bounds of the constitution , calls for a revision only by the grand council , was defended by four speakers , one of whom was a councillor of state . The government appears taking measures for eventualities in case of attack . It is almost certain , that if the grand council rejects the wishes of the popular assemblies , Berne will be invested by the populations of Seeland and Oberland . The other cantons , apprehending a crisis which would affect the rest of Switzerland , have sent delegates to Ktudy the situation and follow the discussions of the grandcounciL
PERSIA . Mahomed Schah has been for some time extremely unwell , and latterly his malady has assumed so alarming an appearance , that no nope remains of his recovery . His death will no doubt be the signal for a civil war in unfortunate Persia . The eldest son of Mahomed Schah is 14 vears of age , and is a puny , unintellectual child , ills 30 or 40 uncles , sons of Fethat Schah , who are dispersed throughout the Persian provinces , and are living on trifling incomer , will endeavour to dispute the possession of the throne with him . Fearing those events , H ? . dj-Miita-Agassi appears to have despatched Mamah-Chan to the Emperor of Russia , to implore his assistance in case of disturbances in Persia . It is asserted that he has offered , on his part , to give every facility to ths Russians to work the coal mines in the Maseudevar , and particularly to facilitate the Russian navigation on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea .
GREECE . King Otho opened the Greek Chambers en the 22 nd ult witha speech quite in the western European style of royal speeches , containing a deal of political humbug , duly seasoned with the usual cant about "Divine Providence , " "Almighty God , " Ac , ox . The following are the only paragraphs of the least interest : — following up the resolutions that you hare so wi < l « fi taken in favour of public hwtructioif , sewal bill * will hiprbEfcnted for jour profound meditation . You will also have to determine , conformably to the general wish , the required number of episcopal Etts .
The aftiurs of the church ntver cease to occupy my head and my heart , consequently inj government ) ntt only desirous of providing for the wclfar * of the church , butalso jealous of the sacred deposit of its independence , presents , and will preswre for the future , all that attaches it dogmatically to the great church of Jesus Christ of Constantinople . Sereral other bills , which will contribute to the prosperity of the country , will also be presented for your deliberation . It is necessary to place the taxwof the derni under a
France. The Debate In The Chamber Of Pee...
control such as may insure their being spent according to the wants of the rate-payest smd to the wish of their proper representatives . The law on the councils of the SomBrehim will complete oureonititutional and administrative inititutions ; and the law on conscription requires to be reformed both in the interest « f the army and in that of the citizens . Several othtr bills for the security of public tranquillity and private property , as well as for insuring our national forests against incendiarism , will be presented to your consideration . We must not forget , gentlemen , that per . sonal security is the primary element of industry , commerce , and public credit . A commission has been named , according to ths desire of the National Assembly , to consider the rights and sacrifices made during the war , and to settle to whom compensation ought to be made , > nd thus acquit tail sacred debt of the country .
THE RIVER PLATE . i Livkrpooi ,, Jix . 20 . —Advices from Monte Video to the 22 nd of November have been received vid Rio de Janeiro . The allied squadrons , we learn , had destroyed the batteries erected by Rosa * at the entrance of the "fiver ; and the large fleet of trading vesselsassembled at Martin Garcia were expecting immediate orders to proceed to their destinations . The port of Monte Video presented a most animated spectacle . 133 merchantmen were in the harbour , of which eightytwo had arrived in October , and twenty-eight in November , two of these having on board 300 Spanish colonists . Great anticipations were entertained of
extended ^ commercial relations which wouldflow from the opening up of the rich country of Paraguay to the enterprise of our merchants . The immense beneficial results of the trade would alone suffice to compensate for the continued occupation of the Monte Videan territory by Rosas ' s troops , and it was becoming every day more evident that the weapons so dexterously wielded by the Ministers of England and France , the appeal to the commercial requirements of the native population of these rich countries , would much more effectually than by arms , and in a way mere consistent with the progress of civilisation , accomplish the overthrow of the anticommercial system of General Ro « ts .
Paraguay , we also learn , bad declared war against the Dictator .
THE WAR IN THE CAUCASUS . A letter from Odessa of Jan . 2 nd , in the Augth ^ rah Gazette , states that news had been received from Daghestan « f a check which the Russians had met with . General Woronzow bad gone off in all haste to the theatre of war . Several general officers were summoned to St . Petersburg !) , where a council of war was to be held after the Emperor ' s return .
India And China. Ovbruxn Mm.—Intelligenc...
INDIA AND CHINA . OvBRUxn Mm . —Intelligence from India lias this week been received from Calcutta to the 7 tb , and Bombay to the 16 th ultimo . The Sikh soldiers , who call themselves " Lions " or " Singhs , " having received a portion of their pay , had come down to the banks of the Sutlej , and there threatened to invade the British dominions ; but the latest intelligence received at Bombay on the 15 th of December does not show that they had realized their intentions . When their approach to the frontiers was known , troops were ordered to move from Umballato Ferozepore ; but the Governor-General , who was hastening into the north-west , on hearing of the chances of the collision , suddenly countermanded the march of those British regiments , which
were composed of her Majesty ' s army as wtll as oi the native troops . The Governor-General and the Commander-in-Chief met near the frontiers at Kurnaul , on the 20 th of November , and their meeting was far from being an agreeab ' e one , for the former was not pleased with the march of the troops towards Ferozepore , and he told Sir Hugh Gougb , as it is reported in the best-informed quarters , that even if there was a necessity for invading the Punjaub , he ( Sir Hugh Gough ) was not to command the invading army . It was expected that the Commander-in-Chief would proceed to Calcutta to take his seat in Council . In the meantime some negotia
tions were believed here to be at work with the Government of Lahore , in order to neutralise the hostile spirit of the Sikh troops , and to avert a war , or else to . enable the British army to be thoroughly preoared for carrying on operations . There was some probability of hostility on the frontiers between the Sikhs and Scinde , and the Bombay government had ordered 8 , 000 men to be concentrated as soon as possible , in order to have a reinforcement of at least 4 , 000 men ready to be sentto the banksof the Indus . An army of fifty thousand British troops is encamped near the frontiers of the Punjaub , so that the combat when it commences will be upon a " grand" scale .
Hoso Koso Murder . —On the evening of Friday , a most atrocious murder was committed at the house of Mr . Clarke , blacksmith , near the burying-ground From Mr . Clarke ' s examination before the magistrate , and the evidence before the coroner , -who held an inquest on the body of the murdered woman ( Clarke ' s wife ) , it appears that Clarke was in town until ten o ' clock . On his return he called for a servant to take his horse , but received no answer . He opened the doorof the forge , which has a communication with the yard back of his house . On entering the yard he found the back-door , which led direct to his sitting-room , open ; his wife was lying on a couch apparently asleep ; a lamp was burning dimly , as if it had not been trimmed for some time . Clarke shook his wife by the foot that he might waken her ; the stiff feel of the foot alarmed him , and on putting his hand on the body he found it cold ; he saw also
blood on the face . He immediately gave the alarm to the Indian watchman on the beat , and also to the inspector at the central station . The inspector went to tht house . He found that Mrs . Clarke ' s tkroat had been cut with a sharp instrument . She had also several cuts on the neck , one across the nose which fevered the bone from the skull , one across the forehead , which the colonial surgeon thought would hare been sufficient t * render her insensible . On going up stairs the children were found in bed asleep , and several boxes opened , and apparently rifled . The children—the oldest four and a half years of age —heard no noire . The house servant , and two men who wrought in the forge , had absconded , and a large carving knife was missing . These appear to be the particulars as known . The jury on the inquest returned a verdict of wilful murder against some person or persons unknown . —Friend of China and Hong Kong Gazette , Oct . 8 .
Crates' Flftobements*
Crates' flftobements *
Framework-Knitters' Movement. A Three Co...
FRAMEWORK-KNITTERS' MOVEMENT . A three counties meeting of delegates of the framework-knitters was held on Monday last , at the Phunint Inn , Bridge-street , Derby , when the following places were represented : — Leicester , Loughborough , Woodhouse , Harrow , Kauntaorrel , Qtionulou , Sheepshead , and the surrounding villages ; Nottingham , Arnold , Hucknul Torkard , Hanstield , Sutton , JUanefield Woodhousa , < fcc . Derby , Helper , Heanor , & c . Vr . Clark , of Nottingham , in the chair . Mr . T . Winter * , of I . eieefiter , secretary . Moved by Mr . Corden , of Derby , seconded by Mr . S . Brown , of Heanor , " That a public meeting be held in the evening . " Carried . Moved by Mr . Buckby , of Leicester , seconded by Mr . Wilford , of Sheepshead , " That a memorial be sent to the judges , praying them to girt judgment in the case of ' Cuawner v . Cummings . '" Carried .
MoredbyMr . T . Winters , secondsd by Mr . J . Brown , of Sutton in Ashneld , " That this delegate meeting request every locality or branch in the three counties to provide funds for the purpose of supporting men who may be thrown out of employment in consequence ot carrying the ticket law into execution . " Carried . Moved by Mr . T . Winters , seconded by Mr . J . Brown , " That this meeting is of opinion all committees are in duty bound to repress all riotous conduct that may be manifested by any patty in the carrying out of any law made by the Legislature for the protection of person and property . " Unanimously carried . The petition , which was ordered to be drawn up by Mr . T . XTintws , was now read , and , on-the-motion of Mr . Corden , was unanimously adopted . On the motion of Mr . Emmerson , of Arnold , tht petition was trdtred to b » printed for circulation among the various districts and localities .
Mored by Mr . Buckby , seconded by Mr . Wilford" That one penny per frame be paid to defray the expanses of the bill and petition . " VJ nanimous . On the motion of Mr . Warner , of Sheepshead , it was adopted— " That each delegate use his best endeavour to cause a good circulation of the I'eopk ' t Journal among his constituents , pr ice tliree-Imlfpence ; a jounral of tttSTtttUTe Jrtld amuetment , nlio advocating the claims Of industry . " The question of wide frames was brought forward by Mr . Levers , of Kimbarlcy , and after a lengthy discussion , was ordered to stand over ; also the question of an attorney being permanently engaged . The question of protection to commerce was mooted , in order to elicit the opinion of the delegates on the question , whether they were prepared to abandon the SO per cent , duty on hosiery . Orderedto stand over .
Mo » ed by Mr . Emmerson , seconded by Mr . Wilford"That the next three counties meeting be held at Leicester . " Carried . Mr . Winters to give tutt das * ' notice when it shall be held . Mr . Winters then brought before the meeting a correspondence that had taken place between some unknown person , signing himself J . C . Winters , theMayor of Derby ,
Framework-Knitters' Movement. A Three Co...
and T . Winters , the Becrltary , the object . bting to c » u « e confusion and distrust bitween the magistrates and the framework-knitttrg . The following letter had been placed in tl » hands of the Mayor : — " Sir , —I write to inform you there will be a delegate meeting of the thret couutwa , ti be held at the Pheasant , Bridge-street , on Monday morning , 19 th of January , at ten o ' clock , to take . into consideration the Frameworkknhteis' Ticket Bill , which passed last s » ssion of l ' arliament , to remed y an tril which lias long boon practised on this poor body of men . There is many chses come
to light lately- , one amongst them a poor wid « w woman , working a frame near Sutton . Sh « received lOd . per pair for work , which the Bagman received Is . lOd . from thewarehonse , and the poor woman complained bitterly , and the villand rose hor Id . per pair more ; and this was fl ' . reli giou * professing saint . * * I am well ( acquainted with these three counties , as 1 well know iwhen the Lion is roused he is not easily tamed again . I . well remember the disturbance in 1812 , and it possibly jnay be the same again if it is not seen to in tirnn , and as jou are chief magistrate , I hope yeu will answer this ray request , Yours , & c , . "Jan . 18 , IMC . " 3 . C . WiNiiBs . "
The worthy chief magistrate wrote the following : — " Derby , January 18 , 1816 . "Sir , —I received your letter , and lose no time in string , it appears to ma the legislature has don » much to point out the duties of roaster * and workmen , so tar as the business of a framework-knitter is concerned . The framework-knitters hare a perfect right to meet at the Pheasant public houeej to-morrow it' they think fit , to discuss the late Act of Parliament , and the powers and remedies thereby given ; but if in that discussion or otherwise , they shall so far forget themselves , as to be guilty of a breach of the peace , they may depend iipen it such conduct shall not pass without being punished . " 1 am , sir , yours obediently , "W . Eatoh Mtsm . " "J . C . Winters , Pheasant Inn . "
_ The above letter was left tt the Pheasant by a policeman , with instructions to be delivered as soon as Mr . W . arrived in Derby . On reading the mayor ' s letter , Mr . W . immediately proceeded , with a friend , to the Town Hall , and informed the mayor and magistrates that he had never written any letter to him upon any subject , and as he believed some evil disposed person had written the letter for pure mischief , he should be glad if his worship would give him a copy of the same , which , after a few questions asked and answers given , the mayor and magistrates were fully convinced some evil disposed person had written the document , and he very kindly g » ve Mr . W . the original , with a hope the writer might be found out . Mr , W . has the letter in his possession , which any person may inspect . The mayor did no more than his duty on the receipt of a letter intimstiug destruction of property . What will not the working man ' s enemy do tt accomplish the destruction of those who desire to better their condition ! Working m « n , beware of traitors!—Correspondent .
Imperial ^Parliament
imperial ^ parliament
On Thursday, The Session Of Parliament F...
On Thursday , the session of Parliament for 18 i 6 was opened by the Queen in person , with the usual ridiculous ceremonies . The attendance of sightseekers was of course pretty numerous , as it is never difficult to collect a London mob , whether to witness a Royal Procession , a Lord Mayor ' s show , or a public strangulation of wretched criminals . The daily papers acknowledge that "the cheering was not very general or loud . " The Queen looked well ; which is more than can be said of a great many of " her people . " Arrived at the House of Lords , the Queen seated herself on the . throne , and , "in a clear and distinct voice , '' read the following
SPEECH . Mt Lohds and Gentlemen , It gives me great satisfaction again to meet you in Parliament , and to have the opportunity of recurring to your assistance and advice . 1 continue to receive from my Allies , and from all Foreign Powers , the strongest assurances of their desire to cultivate the most friendly relations with this country . I rejoice that in concert with the Emperor of Russia , and through the success of our joint mediation , I have beer , enabled to adjust the differences which had long prevailed between the Ottoman Porte and the King of Persia , and had seriously endangered the tranquillity of the East .
For several years a desolating and sanguinary warfare has afflicted the States of the Rio de la Plata . The Commerce of all nations has been interrupted , and acts of barbarity have been committed unknown to the practice of civilised people . In conjunction with the King of the French , I am endeavouring to effect the pacification of those States . The convention concluded with France in tiie course of the last year , for the more effectual suppression of the Slave Trade , is about to be carried into immediate execution by the active co-operatior of the two Powers on the Coast of Africa .
It is my desire that the present union and the good understanding which so happily exists betwten ut > may always be employed to promote the interests of humanity , and to secure the peace of the world . I regret that the conflicting claims of Great Britain and the United States in respect to the territory on the North Western Coast of America , although they have been made the subject of repeated negociation , still remain unsettled . You may be assured that no effort , consistent with national honour , shall be wanting on my part to bring this question to an early and peaceful termination . Genixeiiex of the House or Commons ,
The Estimates for the year will be laid before you at an early period . Although 1 am deeply sensible of the importance of enforcing economy in all branches of the expenditure , yet 1 have been compelled , by a due regard to the exigencies of tht public service and to the state of our naval and military establishments , to propose some increase in the Estimates which provide for their efficiency . Mv Lords akb Grstlemkk , I have observed with deep regret the very frequent instances in which the crime of deliberate assassination has been of late committed in Ireland . It will be yonr duty to consider whether any measures can be devistd calculated to give increased protection to life , and to brkig to justice the perpetrators of so dreadful a crime .
I have t > lament that , inconsequence of a failure of the potatoe-crop in several parts of tho United Kingdom , there will be a deficient supply of an article of food which forms the chief subsistence of great numbers of my people . The disease by which the plant has been affected has prevailed to the greatest extent in Ireland . I have adopted all such precautions as it was in ray power to adopt for the purpose of alleviating the sufferings whim may be caused by . this calamity , and I shall confidently rely on your ctoperation in devising such other means for effecting the same benevolent purpose as may require the sanction of the Legislature . 1 have had great satisfaction in giving my assent to the measures which you have presented to me from time to time , calculated to extend commerce , and to stimulate domestic skill and industry , by the repeal of prohibitory and the relaxation of protective duties .
ihe prosperous state of the Revenue , the increased demand for labour , and the general improvement which has taken place in the internal condition of the country , are strong testimonies in favour of the course you have pursued . ' 1 recomnnnd you to take into your early consideration , whether tile principles on which you have acted may not with advantage be yet more extensively applied , and whether it may not be in your power , after a careful review of the existing duties upon
many articles , the produce or manufacture of other countries , to make such further reduction and remissions as may tend to ensure the continuance of the great benefits to which I have adverted , and , by enlarging our commercial intercourse , to strengthen the bonds of amity with Foreign Powers . Any measures which you may adopt for effecting those great objects will , 1 am convinced , be accompanied by such precautions as shall prevent permanent loss to the Bevonue , or injurious results to any of the great interests of the country .
1 have full reliance on your just and dispassionate consideration of matters bo deeply affecting the public welfare .. ., , ,, . It is my earnest prayer that , with the blessings ol Divine Providence on your councils , you may be CUR . bled to promote friendly feelings between different classes of my subjects , provide additional security for the continuance ol ' peace , and to maintain contentment aud happiness at home , by increasing tht cMiiforts and bettering the condition of the great body of my people . The House then adjourned ( ill five o ' clock .
HOUSE OF LOKDS—Thcrsdav , Jan . 22 . The Loud Cuaxcellok took his scat on the Woolsack shortly after five o ' clock . The Loitn CiuscELton having read the speech , The Earl of Home rose to propose the Address . He said it was satisfactory to think that the subjects treated of in the Speech arc not surrounded by such difficulties as call for any particular comment or power of explanation : if they did so , he was fully sensible of his deficiency to be able to grapple with them .
On Thursday, The Session Of Parliament F...
ihe noble lord proceeded . to comment on the several paragraphs of her Majesty ' s speech—his address being a mere echo of the Queen ' s words . Lord De Kos seconded the address . The question that the address he adopted was then put by the Loro Chancellor , and declared to be carried in the affirmative . The Duke of Richmond expressed some displeasure that the discussion had been so abruptly concluded . He had , however , heard enough to know that Ministers intended to withdraw protection from the industry of the country , and he challenged them to show any cause for rescinding tke solemn compact made with the agricultural interest in 1842 . He could see no difference between the
Anti-Corn Law League and the government , and no reason why they should not create Mr . Cobden a-Peer . He denounced the League as the author all these changes , and warned their Lordships by the , example ot * Ireland , still unappoased bv the concession of 1820 , not to be intimidated into a surrender of their opinions . He called upon the great towns , too , to observe that if protection ware taken away from agriculture , Sir R . Peel was bound by his promises in 1839 to remove it from every other article ; and asked how , if this complete revolution in eur system were achieved , the public creditor
was to be satisfied , the farmer to pay his tithe , or Ajsingfe salary or payment to remain unaltered ? lie solemnly protested against the clause which referred to protection , as being directly contrary to every principle and every speecli ef the present government ; and challenged it to test the amount ol public confidence it enjoyed by an appeal to the country . He declared that he would resist by every means in his power—factious , if necessary — any diminution in the amount of agricultural protection ; and concluded by calling for an explanation of the mysterious resignations and counter-resignations which had lately surprised the world .
Ihe Duke of Welunton declined to defend the conduct of Sir Robert Peel , or any measure of his government . The question before their Lordships was the Address ; other measures would shortly be submitted to them , but they had now only the address to discuss , and an acquiescence in that bound them only to take into consideration the measures it suggested , upon which the Duke of Richmond would hereafter have ample opportunity ol' expressing his opinions . Lord Siaslby , being called upon by the Duke of . Richmond for an explanation of the grounds upon which he had retired from the government , declined
to enter into details , upon the plea that he could not exphiin the motives of his conduct without stating what were the measures contemplated by the other members of the Cabinet , but stated , that upon one question only—one relating to the degree and amount of agricultural protection—was there any difference of opinion . Upon that question a measure was proposed which he considered uncalled for bv any change of circumstances since 1 S-J 2 , and considering it his duty to dissent from a project approved by a majority of his colleagues , he had tendered his resignation ; and with this explantion of his motives , and the course he had adopted , he trusted that their lordships would be satisfied .
Lord Habuwicke said , that as he saw in the address a direct advance towards free trade , he must form an exception to those who approved it . The Marquis of Lansdowne said , that on a future occasion he would ixplain the circumstances of some political transactions in which he had lately taken a part . He expressed his cordial approbation of that portion of tho address which related to the differences with the United States upon the subject of Oregon . Lord Brougham heartily concurred in this opinion , and then , ac considerable length , claimed for himself the credit of perfect consistency upon the great question of Corn Law repeal . lie strongly condemned , however , the conduct of the League . He referred to the state of Ireland , aud recommended their Lordships to disregard all considerations of party , and strengthen the hands of the Executive Government .
Lord Malmesbury protested against the opinion that the great mass of the people were in iavuur of a repeal of the Corn Laws . Lord Radnor defended the League from the attacks of Lord BuovjOiiam , and especially denied that theirconducthad been in any degree unconstitutional . The Marquisof Salisbury and the Duke of Beaufort deprecated any diminution in the amount of agvitnltnval protection , and their lordships then adjourned until to-morrow .
House Of Commons-Thursday, Jax. 22. The ...
HOUSE OF COMMONS-Thursday , Jax . 22 . The House assembled at four o ' cloek , aud the Speaker having taken the chair , new writs were moved for , and ordered for the boroughs of Salkirk and Newark , the shire of Bute , the West Riding of Yorkshire , the city of Cork ( Mr . Serjeant Murphy having retired ) , the borough of Cashei , East Sussex , and Midhurst . RAILWAY BILLS . Sir R . Peel—I wish to give notice , Sir , that I « hall , on Monday next , move for the appointment of a Committee of the whole House , with a view to ascertain the course which the House shall pursue with respect to the Bills which will bo submitted during this session for the making of railways .
CoMMHRCIAL POLICY OP THE COl'XTRY . Sir R . Peel—I also , Sir , beg to give notice that , on Tuesday next , I shall move for the appointment of a Committee to consider what should be the future commercial policy of the country . SHORT TIME BILL . Lord Ashley gave notice that he should upon some future day bring in a Bill to reduce the time of labour in factories ; also , that upon some future day he should briug under the consideration of the House the state of the juvenile population of some parts of London and Southwark .
the address . The Speaker having read her Majesty's speech , Lord Francis Egerton rose to move the address . Having referred to those portions of the speech relating to foreign affairs , and expressed his hope that cordial friendship would be maintained between finghiid and the Utiited States , and .-ill differences between the two governments amicably settled , he proceeded to comment on the indication given in the " speech" of an intended change in the commercial policy of the country . His own opinions ho avowed had of late undergone a considerable change . ( Opposition cheers . ) He had arrived at tho conclusion that restrictions on foreign commodities should no loncer be upheld by the ligislaturc of this country .
( Loud Opposition cheers . ; The noble lord concluded by moving the address , which was , as usual , an echo to the " speech . " Mr . B . De . nisok rose to second the address . He said , with regard to the allusion contained in tho latter part of the " speech , " he believed there had , in the course of the last four years , been . a reduction ot Custom aud Excise duties to the extent of between four and five millions sterling . By this reduction there had been an immense increase of the trade oi the country generally , and a large import of foreign commodities into this kingdom . ( Hear , hear , and loud cheers . ) lie trusted that her Majesty ' s Ministers would persevere in a course that had already been productive of such benefit to the country , and in
saying thus much , he felt bound at the same time to assert that the results of their proceedings entitled them to what he earnestly hoped they would obtain , full measures of public confidence . ( Loud cheers . ) He had full confidence in their prudence , patriotism , and integrity . ( Cheers hvm the Opposition . ) Sir R . Peel rose to explain the motives on which he had acted , and which had governed his conduct . He felt it unjust to be condemned without a hearing , lie said nothing on that head ; if a feeling of momentary indignation had been raised , he felt that he had been trusted with confidence formerly , but if he did not ask for a reversal of the sentence , ho wished to he heard after condemnation , in explanation of the grounds which had induced him to tender
his resignation , and also the grounds on which that trust had been reasoned . The cause oi the breaking up of the Government was that great mysterious calamity which had destroyed the article of food on which to many of the poor in this and the sister kingdom depended for their existence . It was a subject requiring immediate decision as to the laws regulating tho importance of food , but though the immediate cause , he would not deny that his opinions otithe subject of protection had undergone a change , lie would assert his right to act on enlarged experience . He did not consider there was any reason to feel humiliated or abashed in avowing this change , bllt lie silOlliu iCCl humiliated If those opinions , having undergone a change , he had shrunk from the avowal of it Cheers
by the fear of the charge of inconsistency . ( . ) Those who contended for the removal of impediments in the import of corn had immense advantages—the presumption was in their favour . It might be possible to combat them bv showing arguments in favour of prohibition but the presumption could only bo combated by showing that the protection duties were for the benefit of a community , and not ofa class . Il might be contended that it was necessary that domestic industry should be protected from competition . It might be contended that high prices meant high wages , and low prises low wages . It might bo contended that the land was subject to peculiar burdens , but compensation might be made for them . He admitted that his opinions on these subjects oi protection had been modified by the experience of tho
House Of Commons-Thursday, Jax. 22. The ...
last threoyears , and had no wish to deprive these who bad before been mere reasoning men to a conclusion againsS thepolioy of protection of anvofthe credit due to them . ' He had watched the effect of the measures taken during the last three years in favour of free trade , and the result , had been that the doctrine which he ' had hitherto supported were no longer tcnablo . He did not believe that wa » es were affected by p ' riceu , or that protection to domestic industry was tenable . It was impossibiefor thoso who Had made the changes in the tariff , which they had made to believe that tho doctrine of protecting domestic industry was tenable . ( Cheers . ) During the last three years prices had been low , and yet at no time bad wages been higher . During the three
previous years prices had been high , and the lowness of wages Uad produced universal distress among the labouring population . He next proved from statistical returns that the result upon trade of removing protective duties had been a great increase in tho foreign exports of the country , and that the result upon the revenue , though , in the last four years a reduction had been made in the Customs duties to the amount of £ 2 , 000 , 000 and upwards , and in the Excise duties to the amount of £ 4 , 000 , 000 , had been equally satisfactory . He then adverted to considerations which he deemed of more importance than those of cither trade or revenue—namely , to considerations of morality ; and showed that in 1 * 42 , when high prices and high duties were . in existence , \
there had been an alarming increase of crime , but that in 1813 things had token a favourable turn , and that in lSUmui ISio the decrease of commitments had been very large . He showed that these advantages had not been purchased by any detriment to the agricultural interest . He contended that ho was justified in proceeding with the further removal of protecting duties by the gratifying results which had been produced by the removal of thoso which he had already repealed . It was right that he should state that , notwithstanding the conviction which was thus forced upon his mind , he had been of opinion that the charge of altering the Corn Laws ought not to devolve upon him as Minister of the Crown . He felt that with that
conviction , which , he \ could not control , he' could no longer meet the annual motion of'lion , members opposite with a direct negative , and that , therefore , lie could no longer continue the contest on tho subject with any advantage to those who had hitherto honoured him with their confidence . He then described the circumstances which induced him early in November to think that it was necessary to meet the impending evil by a suppression ol the duties on the importation of foreign produce ; and read consecutively the information which Government had received from various parts of the united kingdom , and also from abroad , and ^ Yhicll he considered as justifying him in the conclusions to which he had come first early in November and
afterwards early in December . He next road the information which he had received from England , Scotland , and Ireland , relative to the failure of tho potatoe crop ; and hoped that those Who hadso precipitately condemned the Government would nowniake some allowance for its difficult position . The right honourable baronet then entered into a lengthened statement relative to the resignation of the Ministry and their re-instatement in office , and proceeded to state that he had given notice that evening that on an early day next week , it was his intention to submit to the House a measure of the greatest importance relative to our commercial policy . He would not anticipate the discussion on it
that eienmg , as he was anxious to disconnect that which was a great national question from any party or personal considerations . After expressing a hope that lie had satisfied the House that his motives were honest , even though his conclusions ' might be erroneous , he proceeded to defend himself against the charge that he had been guilty of treason to the agricultural interest . Ho concluded his speech with an eloquent defence of his own Conservative policy both at home and abroad , contending that he had" put an " end to the murmurs of disaffection , and had done his utmost to perform no easy task , namely , that of reconciling the action of " an ancient monarchy and a proud aristocracy with that of a reformed Itoiee of Commons .
Lord J . Russell next rose to give an explanation of his conduct during the recent interregnum in the Ministry . He then stated the circumstances under which he had been called upon by her Majesty to form an Administration on the Sth of hut December . On the 10 th he saw her Majesty on the subject , ile should have declined under ordinary circumstances to accept office himself , as his pavtv were in a minority at' 00 or 100 iu the House of Commons , and as that fact alone must havo led before long to a dissolution of Parliament . When he mentioned to her Majesty that such was his feeling , she placed in his hand a document signed by Sir R . Peel , in which ho promised to give every facility in his power to his successor , whoever that
person might be . for tho settlement of the question of the Corn Laws . He then told her Majesty that the case was altered , and that he would consult with his former colleagues on the subject , lie did so , and they thought that the new Government ought to know what were the intentions of the late Ministry on the subject ; but Sir R . Peel had given him ( Lord J . Russell ) to understand that ho aid not think it for the benefit of the public service that he should communicate to his successor the details of his intended measure . He ( Lord J , Russell ) had then drawn up an outline of his own measure , and had wished to communicate it to Sir R . Peel , in order that he might , if possible , obtain his consent to it along Avith that of Sir Robert ' s late
colleagues . Sir R . Peel , however , had thought it not reasonable that a person not iji the service of the Crown should he consulted on the details of a measure proposed by the Ministers of the Crown . The noble lord then stated at great length the various steps which he afterwards took to forma Government on the principle of the immediate repeal of tho Corn Laws , and his subsequent failure . Mr . D'Israeli expressed his intention of adhering to the principles of protection which had sent him into that House , and which would have compelled him to resign his seat if he had eyitseientietislv relinquished them . He did not envy Sir R . Peel his feelings in the apologetic address which he had that nisjht delivered to those who were once his partv in
that House . What could the House think of a statesman who , having served four Sovereigns , was at last compelled by the observation which he had made in the last three or four years to change his opinions on a subject which must have been repeatedly brought underhisconsideration in every point of view in the manifold debates of nearly twenty years 1 Such a statesman might be conscientious , but he was at any rate unfortunate , and ought not to address his former friends in the tone of menace . He knew of no parallel to Sir R . Peel ' s eonduct save that of a late Captain Pasha , of Constantinople , who having received the command of a fleet from the Sultan to attack Mchemet All , steered that fleet at once into the enemy ' s govt . That admiral was called a traitor ; but he defended himself from the charge , on the ground that he was an enemy to war , that he hated a prolonged contest , and
that he had terminated it by betraying the cause of his master . He denounced the speech of Sir R . Peol that evening as a glorious example of egotistical rhetoric , and censured him in the severest terms for the shameful manner in which he had turned round upon his former party . Who iv ; ts he that dared to tell the House that an ancient monarchy and a proud aristocracy were useless lumber , and that he was the only man who could reconcile their action to that of a reformed House of Commons , whose reformation he had resisted to the utmost ? When Sir Robert said that his Conservative policy had put down agitation , notwithstanding his ( Mr . Disraeli ' s ) knowledge of the extent to which Parliamentary farce could sometimes go , he was perfectly thunderstruck . He concluded a' bitter invective against Sir It . Peel , by declaring that he was not the Minister who ought to abrogate the Corn Laws .
Lord Northland protested in the name ol the people of Ireland against the total repeal of the Corn Laws . Mr . Miles said , that no amendment had been moved on the address , because on an early occasion next week an opportunity would be given to the House of expressing a decision on the extraordinary change of principle avowed that night by Sir 11 . Peel . He gave notice on behalf of himself and several other members that the strongest constitutional opposition would be given to his plan , ami that every impediment would be made use of to prevent its passing into law . . After a few words to the same effect from Colonel Sibthorp , the address was agreed to without a dissentient voice . "' The House then adjourned .
Diutu Of A Former Rkvolijckxisi.—Baron L...
Diutu of a Former Rkvolijckxisi . —Baron Lombard , peer of Prance , died at his estate of St . Symphorien , in the department of tho Isero , in the eighty-fifth year of his age , or the i tth instant . M . Lombard was the last ol the members of the states of Dauphinc who took so active a part In the move * uiontof 1789 . Tine Pope axd the Autocrat . —Two Siterlative IheocRiTRs . —The following is an extract ofa letter from Rome on the Sth last .: — IhCr ' tllpCrorof Kusuift has h & tt ' ted Ms gratitude to the Pop ? , for hi * hospitable reception , by vroat-ntiiig him with i \ supuvh imd costly cmeitix , of beautiful workmanship , and richly sfiuled with jetrels , and his Holiness , not to bs behiuil-hnnd in generosity with his mighty ally ,
has UUmuted his intention of presenting to his Imperial MfijMty , in return , the i-olics of the great St . iV'eolas , the Emperor ' s patron Stiint . The gift and the return ara worthy of the parties making them . One is irresistibly drawn ' to think of Gil Bias , in early similar circumstances . The emperor does nut appear to bo so the result , as the nephew uf the is dotmniued to mahe the best of rolics of St . Nicolas are to be carried keioftusunitad to St . l ' etorshurg vvith A ship of ir » r is to ho sent to Italy to remains oltbuir new dustination , and to to oifcred up in all the churches tn occasion ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 24, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_24011846/page/1/
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