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] Ma* AIaY 24, lgjl. THE NORTHERN STAR,
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I30etr&. ,
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education; '• ; ; Men i Men of thought, ...
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he Me Red Spectre of 1852. ByM. A, Rome!...
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A Glimpse at the Great Western Republic....
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WbUt &imi0emem*
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ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. The exhib...
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Lvcetjm.—A new farce by Mr. Palgrave Sim...
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ECCLESIASTICAL TITLES ASSUMPTION BILL. A...
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FATHER GAVAZZI ON AURICULAR CONFESSIQN.-...
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muuFELWK Coal-Pit.-.The fire it Mr. "Wil...
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vmtiw
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A i LAUGn.—The full-blown flower, of whi...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
] Ma* Aiay 24, Lgjl. The Northern Star,
] Ma * AIaY 24 , lgjl . THE NORTHERN STAR ,
I30etr&. ,
I 30 etr & . ,
Education; '• ; ; Men I Men Of Thought, ...
education ; '• ; ; Men i Men of thought , with iron nerve , > Jr Fronting error , take your stand ; "Seve -S ever from youtputposeswerve , - Xi xilHt cease from out the land : : I / un Jong a ° dread the strife may be , — "Ye ] Xe yet shall hate the mastery ! TK ? i Tfisdoro ' s garb though it assume , X fear the flimgy veil aside : let let the light of Truth illume J falsehood ' s kingdom far and . wide Tin Thoug h around you darkness clings , Th The dawn , is nigh of better things .
Igi Ignorance , —the sleep of mind , ! Hoid it in a fatal trance , Tt To you bright creation blind Waiting now its op ' ntng glance : B « Be it yours the 8 j * ll to break , T ] The souls of men shall then awake ! "fi When before that mighty host Error ' s dark dominion falls , I His were then a feeble boast Who the body disenthralls ; 1 Tbe tyrant ' s chain be breaks—but ye 1 Boldly bid the soul be free !
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He Me Red Spectre Of 1852. Bym. A, Rome!...
he Me Red Spectre of 1852 . ByM . A , Rome ! SOEU . Paris . 9 iiB que time since we introduced our readers to * H . Romieu as the author of a cut throat » k , ook , entitled the "Era of tbe Caesars . " Bes-) tia 5 oti 8 im -with him is by no means the hypocritiil aial and mealy-mouthed thing which puts on a oakloak to save appearances and . talks gently Mlehile acting ruthlessly . He exhibita the tiger istnastmct without any disguise , and glories in it lo nib misgivings arise in dealing with his boots ,
¦ no-no fear of wronging . his intentions , or of isroisrepresentjng his opinions . The critic is ipempeded by none of those hypocritical profesonsions of philanthropy , which bo often accotnurpany the most inhuman ' systems / and which 3 iae is obliged to take into account under pain rapf appearing unjust . This anther ' s intentions resrenot " excellent , thoug h his book is bad . " hoXhongh willing to chastise , he does not love is his fellow creatures . He does not love even is his country ; for in his eyes a nation is but a ' V besotted group " of individuals . Indeed be sllfelis us ,
that—1 The Trench nation no longer exists . On tbe old landand of the Gaul are to be found the disquieted rich andaud the covetous poor—nothing more . The poor brebred op to envy , hatred , and tbe thirst of pillage sreare ready to ravage with their million hands every chi chateau and luxurious dwelling , and to scatter wii with one long shout all that appears to tbem an jniinenlt . Of Season and Progress M . Bomiea still hi holds the same opinions that were , exposed in hi his "Era of the Cajsare ; " denying the exists fence of both , —bat adding that the very n notion of the latter is the germ of the moral
" " leprosy " which is devouring mankind . The E subject of the book , as the title indicates , is t the eventful coming year 1852 ; and the Red £ Spectre is a phantom of fear conjured up 1 by M . Bomiea in order to induce all lovers ( of order to become the aggressors in the social i war which he forgoes . ; We are sorry to ] have to fell M . Bomieu that this plan of i striking terror into suspected adversaries is not new . It was practised some sixty years ago , by men whom he professes to hold in abhorrence : —but then it was called Terrorism .
Tfe must , however , give an idea of the manner hi which M . Romieu denounces the people .- , ' , . - Super flumina Bahylonis .... Tflere they stand , the proletary "masses singing canticle of hatred by tbe waters of Paris , on the banks of every stream of Prance , thirsting for the day when they will take your children and throw tbem against the Eiones . Tbe fatal hour will come , and pkttasopkitm willhaveto witness tbe bloody spectacle for which it has erected the theatre tbat it is now too late to demolish . In vain are tbe worn-out springs of the parliamentary machine set to work in order to
restore eqolibriura to all that has been so violently shaken ; tbe world cannot be put in motion by tbe feeble Strings which sufficed tomancenwie the puppets of a drawing-room . This constitutional game —all very well to play at between , yourselves as long as the sombre masses slept that are now imprudently awakened— is no longer to the taste of theuew public which is looking on . That public calls for the ancient circus with its lions and its tigers ; it clams to share in tbe sport as gladiators . Ah ! you want novelty—You shall have it ... I proclaim a coming Jacquerie , and the meaning of that forgotten word most be well understood .
The author then proceeds to quote Mezerai ' s description of the Jacquerie , —that fearful peasant insurrection which five hundred years ago assailed the feudal system in Prance in tbe midst of its power . In the words of the historian , he tells us how some twenty or thirty peasants having met one Sunday near Beauvais , began by chance to talk over the affairs of the State and the hardness of the rimes ; how the enumeration of their wrongs and the miseries of war led them to accuse the apathy of the nobles who could not or would not drive
out the English and deliver the king ; how they worked themselves up into such a frenzy of exasperation that , seizing their scythes and pitchforks , they resolved at once to exterminate every noble : —a work which they so earnestly commenced , that within a fortnight one hundred castles were levelled to the ground . Alter quoting Mezerai ' s description of the monstrous barbarities committed by the insnrgent Jacques as a warning , M . Bomiea transcribes the not less bloody retaliation of their lords , as an example . He evidently thinks
those were glorious" days when noble knights like the Captal de Bnch and tie Count de Foix , cased in comp lete armour , rode down thousands of the unarmed rabble , — - " cat them down in heaps and slaughtered them like beasts "— -when whole villages were burnt with their inhabitants if these were supposed to favour the insurgents . Talk of modern repression after this ! Way , King Bombs seems a weakly , indulgent monarch compared to the many-headed feudal sovereign . A fewpreachers like M . Romieu would do much towards
restoring the good old times and reviving that wholesome class-hatred bo necessary to the hierarchical order of society . Unfortunately , he does not seem to be aware that / orce , which he is so fond of invoking , has changed hands . There are no impregnable castles now since the Bastile was taken , —gentlemen do not wear armour , and French peasants are not unarmed : —so that , although perhaps , in spite of civilisation and progress , the first act of a Jacquerie might be got up , and a country gentleman or so be roasted alive and served up to his wife according to the recipegiven byvMezerai , it ia not quite bo sure that the second part
"wud follow as a consequence , ' and that his nei ghbour * would be able to slaughter seven thousand peasants in a day to avenge his me-B ° ry . It might perhaps , therefore , be safer lotto attempt the game at all . It certainly ^ ems strange that the advocates of p hysical orce should not know where it resides , —seems tetany i gnorant of the disp lacement which it iis undergone as the natural consequence of Progressive social changes . ; Even when by ^ Wrice they are made aware of it by fearful ^ perience some odd day in July or February , J % forget it on the morrow ; -.-as the follow ng passage shows : — .
A * the present day ft is not only twenty or thirty 5 ?« ants who " meet by chance : to ta & of tneafiarrs < $ be State , " there are thousands of-peasants and *? kmeatowhom the newspaper and tbe pedlar ^ ribnte every morning the poison of en vy , rage , ^ exeera & oa—ootiade ed against the noble who ^ ceased to be—but against the oour < r « oi * ' wbo baa Reeded him . The same horeorsarein prepara-5 ° ! , but with more easeaMe and premeditation .
"jrywhere the watchword zs given—not a tree , ~*& bush , but conceals an enemy prepared for the & At social war . The first call to arms will he ^ i < a ted by & thousand echoes , and will be proi *& by chance . And then , lucky will he the ehals 4 Of which the stones will- remain standing , J ^ fes , indeed , oar inane society , which turns iteelf •™ t passively on its death-bed , " recalls'to ' mind tMneans which the nobles employed against the faerie , and understands that ' s ifc'cannot ' resist ^ its present arms , phrases and 'laws . -The
He Me Red Spectre Of 1852. Bym. A, Rome!...
nobles nominated no commission to make A report ; they did not form , themselves into committees with prwftfents and secretaries : they used their long steady lances , and . cased in steel as well as their horses , they soon put down . the naked peasants notwithstanding their numbers . Our present army , with its discipline and artillery , has the same superiority over the masses , and as long as it chooses to make use of it , there can be no doubt of its triumph . But to try and oppose the impending universal irruption by arguments and legislative proceedings , ia to be wilfully blind to the impotence of all elected assemblies in presence of the great uprisings of mankind . . . . . All that may be attempted at that time will prove fruitless . In
vain the deputies are told to be united ; the union of a few talkers is without importance beyond the immediate precincts of the legislative palace . Tbeir disunion is as immaterial as it is trifling to take note of it . It is not in tbat deserted building which Paris even has ceased to regard , ifc is not ia that card-board room that the destinies of the world will be decided . The world is elsewhere—every whereor if there be one spot where it is not , that is it . One breathes there a sort of local poison , which makes one forget exterior events ; people live there a curious sort of life—the life of lobbies , galleries
and benches . Men are moved , excited and roused there by a set of ideas which hare nobeiag without those walls . The Bed Spectre will not be arrested by such a laughable obstacle . 2 ? o , no , all calculation or reflection is useless under ihe steadily increasing pressure of time which is hurrying on . In the social organisation of 1789 there is so lever to uphold a failing society . Our social system of attoraies and shopkeepers is in the throes of death , aud if it revives , it will be because a soldier has taken its cause in hand . Cannon can alone settle the questions of our age , and it mil settle themthough it should come from Russia !
A patriotic idea certainly—and one ^ hat makes us fear we have wronged the Terrorists of ' 93 by comparing M . Romieu to them ; for they , at least , repelled by desperate efforts that foreign invasion which he would , seem to court . In every other respect , as we said , there is very little difference between their systems . Indeed , it may be remarked , that the violence , and even ferocity , of men in political and religions matters is quite independent of the creed or party to which they may belong , and is solely the result of the individual temper or character regulating the application of their theories . M . Romieu , in
common witlumany other persons , seems to confound Force with Authority : —two words which are divided by centuries . The one , a merely physical power , should bo applied to the physical world alone , where it maintains order and is itself subject to immutable laws —the other , a merely moral power , derives its being from Beason . To quote the eloquent words of M . de Lamennais , "Force is the power to constrain—Authority is the right to ordain . From the right to ordain results
the duty of obeying ; from the power to constrain results the necessity of yielding . There is an abyss between the two notions . Before they can be confounded our very language must be subverted—tbe wind which uproots an oak should be said to exercise a right , and the falling oak to folia a duty . .... To make Force the basis of social order is to suppose man a purely material being , inferior even to the brute , which acknowledges a higher law , for it resists Force in obeying Instinct . "
A Glimpse At The Great Western Republic....
A Glimpse at the Great Western Republic . B y Liettt .-Coh ARTHUR Cunskghame . London : Bentley . Travels in the TJnited States during 1849 and 1850 . By LadyEMMBUSB Siuabt WoBT : lest . Three Vols . London : Bentley . JfoTWHHSiAxniRG the vast number of books that have already been written on the United States , every addition to their number is welcome . Apart from the interest which every Englishman must feel in the fortunes of a nation so closely connected by race and language
with ourselves , there is the political interest arising out of the purely Republican institutions—the first ever fairly tried upon a large scale—and the marvellous and rapid changes of national character and fortune , which present themselves in the history of a comparatively new , bnt fast growing country . Besides these attractions on the subject , open to readers of all classes , tens ot thousands , from various causes , are turning their eyes to the United States as their future home ; and information of every Mud , to them , has a practical and special value .
The two works placed at the head of this notice exhibit the states in a favourable light . They are both written by members of the aristocratic classes , and are therefore well calculated to neutralize the unfavourable pictures drawn by would-be-cursea of manners and morals of an inferior grade , whose books are mere expansions of the play of High life Below Stairs ; and whose notions of " gentility and manners" are vastly more refined and critical than those who have been born to , and moved in the best circles all their lives . The stories of democratic rudeness , hasty gormandizing , and offensive habits , which constitute the staple of many books of
this class , appear in their true shape , when contrasted with the testimony of two such unimpeachable witnesses as Lady Wortley , and Colohel Cnnyoghame . The lady is nearly unreserved in her delig ht and approval of everything American . She met with courtesy everywhere , and made fast friendships . Unlike Mr . Dickens , she found beauty in the Mississippi . Unlike Miss Martineau ,, she was cheered by a certain patriarchal good understanding and mutual security which she found in the relations betwixt master and slave . The odd , nnconih people who threw Mrs . Trollope into fits , amused her as studies of character ; and in this strain throughout speaks Lady Emmeline .
I like the Americans more and more : either they have improved wonderfully lately , or eke the criticisms on them have been cruelly exaggerated . They are particularly courteous and obliging ; and seem , I think , amiably anxious that foreigners should carry away a favourable impression of them . As forme , let other travellers say what they please of them , I am determined not to be prejudiced , but to judge of them exactly as I find them ; and I shall most pertinaciously continue to praise them , ( if I see no good cause to alter my present humble opinion , ) and most especially for their obliging civility and hospitable attention to strangers , of which I have already seen sereral instances .
Ab may be expected , her sty le is more florid than that of the colonel , and the snbjecte treated of not so well suited for oar matter-offact columns as the topics discussed by tbe man of exact military training . Finding himself at Montreal ™ September , 1850 , with a seven weeks leave , he resolved to employ it in a survey of the United States , ftom the Lakes to the Mississippi , with a Uttte grouse shooting on the PriarieB as . he went along . 1 ' . and
He proceeded to Chicago by railways steamers on the lakes ; had some good sport in the vicinity , though late in the season j and then started for La Salle , a town situate at the head of the navigable waters of the Illinois . After some more shooting there , he made an overland journey to the Mississippi ; and descended to New Orleans , stopping two days at St Louis . From New Orleans he proceeded to Mobile ; and thenee b y coach , railway , and sea steam-boats , made his way to New York , Boston , and Montreal . He called in passing at the principal cities of the Son & ern States—Macon , Savannah , Charlestown , Richmond in Virginia , Washington ,
and Philadelp hia ; changing in fourteen days from the ' delig htful autumn of the South to the stern winter of Canada , and throughout his journey making the most of his time . " During this excursion , " says the Colonel with mifitaryprecision , "I visited every State hi the Union , with the exception of six . I travelled over fifty-three hundred miles of the Republic by railway , by river , and byroad [ j and this my long journey was accomplished u exactly fifty-three days , and WfP «>*» amounted to about the sum of fifty-three rounds sterling . ' " ' "' . The extent and . rapidity of the journey is somethingin itself , bringing home to the mind
A Glimpse At The Great Western Republic....
the vigour of the traveller , as well as a featare , of the country , which has such an extent of territory and such facilities for getting along . At the rate of one pound sterling for every hundred mitea all expenses are covered , We have said that Colonel Cunynghame has formed abetter opinion of the Americans that common visitors have promulgated : unlike Lady Emrneline , Mr . Abdy , and others , his conclusions have not been drawn , from select society , but such company as he fell . in with in steamers , railways , coaches , and hotels , or wayside houses in the far West .
In matters of the table , the Colonel does not think the Americans eat more . than Englishmen , " or show more impatience , if indeed so much—perhaps because the waiters would not readily bear it : and bespeaks favourably of more substantial qualities . His great objections are to the eternal spitting practised by , everybody , and the indifference , often amount- , ing to incivility on . the part of bar-keepers , waiters , and railway-conductors , in tbe Northern . States ; in the South things are better . The only instance , however , of actual rudeness Colonel Cunynghame encountered , was in a'Southern railway : yet that melted under a speech .
About nine in the evening of the Uth of November , I started per rail for Philadelphia , distant ninety-nine mites . Shortly after quitting tbe terminus at Baltimore , I left my seat for a few moments , to speak to the conductor , who was in an adjoining car ; but , to my surprise , mi my return I found it occupied Tiy two men : upon my remonstrating , one of them flew into a most violent passion / and said I might walk over his dead body to my seat . I calmly explained to him , . tbat for such a trifle as any particular seat in a railway car , I had neither a wish to take his life nor lose my own-in such ah absurd contest ; that there' were plenty of vacant seats , concerning which there appeared no choice ; upon which he became as quickly pacified ,
and desired his companion instantly to quit his seat for me . After a few moments' silence , turning round to me , he said , " I would have- lost my life sooner than have given up that seat ; but you talked so pretty-like , you quite conquered me . " At the first halting-place , he was extremely desirous I should enjoy a glass of cocktail at his expense ; and on my declining , he appeared to have half a mind to recommence his quarrelsome behaviour : but suddenly , taking up his coat , be vanished from the ear . I mention this circumsatance , because during my entire excursion of upwards of 5 , 000 miles in the TJhite d States , part of which journey was through so wild a country , this was the only instance in which I met with anything bordering ou rudeness of a personal character .
Slavery attracted a good deal of the traveller ' s attention . At first , the satisfied appearance of the generality of the slaves , and what be heard in society as to the discredit which attached to their ill-treatment , or the separation of families , disposed him to regard the institution with more lenity than subsequent experience proved that it deserved . He does not believe that ill-treatment generally takes place—perhaps not a separation of families if the owner can help himself ; bnt this he cannot always do ; and in case of insolvency , death , or family changes , he is convinced that families are divided as a matter of coarse . The following conversation with a slave dealer tells a good deal in connexion with the subject , The scene is on a railway runmsg throagh North Carolina and Virginia .
At three p . m . we arrived at Godsborough : we here found dinner awaiting us . Whilst getting into the cars , I observed standing near the door of one of them , a gang , as they were termed , of Hegroes . It consisted of three women and two children . In a moment the steam vessel blew a shrill blast , as the usual- signal for starting , and commenced its movement . At the same time 1 observed two . gentlemen at the door of the car in conversation .
One appeared rather well-dressed ; the other was a short , stout , goodnatured-Jooking man . These , it appeared , were slave dealers . " Come , " said the dandy "dealer , " Til give you twenty-one hundred and fifty for the lot . " " Say twenty-two hundred , " said the stout man in a huge waterproof , " and they are yours . " "Well , done , " said the first ; "J hate not to do business . " "Get in , you niggers , " exclaimed both ; and the sale was completed between their white masters .
' These five fellow creatures were sold , nor did a compact embodying the happiness of five fellowbeings even take the same time to ratify that we were employed at our repast , but actually was consummated after the signal had been given for the starting of the cars , and daring the time indeed that they , were on the move . Seeing that these slaves were all women , I inquired where their husbands , the probable fathers of these little children , were . Jfo , one appeared , however , sufficiently interested to vouchsafe even a thought , much less a reply . Both of these slave merchants now fell into a long conversation regarding their honourable employment ; but presently the one who had sold the slaves came and seated himself near tome . It being tbe first transaction of tbe kind tbat I had
witnessed , I felt the more interested , and made immediate inquiries respecting the property he had just disposed of . Great was his astonishment to perceive that'I should feel any interest whatever in the matter . I said , by way of commencing our conversation , that 1 considered the slaves dear at tbe price he had sold them . "Oh ho , " said he , «« niggers , sir , are regulated by the price of cotton ; cotton is now high , and niggers are ris ! " He added , that the slave merchant to whom he had sold them was a dealer from the lower Southern States ; that he would now take them to Georgia , or Alabama , and sell them for three thousand dollars . "Why , " added he ,, " one little girl is a mulatto , and , as you might have perceived , nearly white ; I
purchased her only a few days since , from her father , who is a planter , and resides not far from hence . He was about to marry , and fearing a disturbance with his future wife , he sold both his child and her mother . " "How do the slaves , " I inquired , . "hear this change in their masters and location ? " " Why , " answered he , "they take on dreadfully at first ; but when they are well fed with pork , corn-bread , and molasses , they soon forget their former homes , and become reconciled to their new masters ; for in this country they are nearly starved , being fed upon nothing but fish and sweet potatoes , and many whom I have bought at the age of fourteen or fifteen did not even know the taste of meat . "
He then detailed an interesting account of his professional avocations . " Oftentimes , " said he , " the residents of the Eastern swamps own more than one hundred slaves ; they are of not much service to tbem ; but nevertheless they frequently can scarcely be induced to part with them : I however , " added the slave dealer , " get among them , aud after a bit or two at cards , I soon make them turn some of the slaves over to me . " " They some- times , then , " said I , " separate families , and even the husband and wife ? " "Oh yes , certainly , " said he ; " but a husband soon finds another wife , and the woman , if she is likely , gets another husband . " . "Do you often procure light coloured slaves , " I inquired ; " and . if so , are they in demand % " " Oh yes , some nearly white , " he replied , " and occasionally very intelligent and clever . ' This was the spontaneous and voluntary account given to me of bis professional proceedings by the slave dealer .
The democratic government of the States treats its army better than the old monarchies , if the purpose of an army be kept in view . We take the following from Ms account of a wait to West ^ Point : — . - . " i West Point is the military academy of the TJnited States ; combining the instruction imparted to young men in England at the three , establishments of Sandhurst , Woolwich , and Chatham . It is situated about eighty miles up the Hudson river , in a commanding and most salubrious position , and is surrounded by as beautiful scenery as the world can boast of . I had a most agreeable journey on tbe railroad which runs on the verge of the Hudson
river On my arrival at West Point I was received by the Commandant with great affability , and an officer of artillery was immediately requested to show me over the college . A vast range of new buildings have lately heen constructed , to which the old ones , by being pulled down , are gradually as these are comp leted made to give place . They are situated on a p lateau or broad step , ' on the io « y mountain-side ; by which they are sheltered in winter , and which in summer causes a cool draught oi air constantly to circulate around them , ihe cadets were very comfortably lodged , two in eacn room ; bnt , from the method in which they were he said to
arranged , they might more appropriately possess each a small sleeping apartment and one common sitting-room for the two . The library is a handsome edifice , and in the interior very well fitted up .. It was well stored w , ith books , and decorated with numerous trophies from the Republic at Mexico . The cadets number about 250 ; the appointments resting in the hands of the members of Congress ; who each have the opportunity of presenting about one military candidate annually . Although the United States army is limited , yet from this source alone almost every vacancy ' » filled up ; for although the President possesses the power of giving commissions , yet he very rarely
A Glimpse At The Great Western Republic....
collSw ™ S * U branches-of-the service ZaS ^^ oc , cur about fifty . vacancies in of stX ? fh , ? lmu l ! s « a * nouM the usual period Ent « 2 &? A- ? ; W ff ra ? n ara attached to 2 y canK ' ^ 1 ** fr *« wpetftunwariea until cobr a X y » ) lprovided ^ .- While at the Sffiote " !!? " pa 7 afc tbo : rata- of twentyt ! is JSte a mo ? tb - esides r 3 tions and clothing . andJ rh « * ***? ^ I alent t 0 their expenses ; Snort bin ? h y ° i . 0 ffieelp iB 0 « te sufficient to cbLSm . ^^ ?^ ' M 4-. t $ ; Byatein of pur-SS Sd ° - is unknown , a military preaen-S _ t 0 Wfist Point is tantamount to a orovisinn
autumn »» j " - "i *" f ™ nv wwre ' hvthe spring , months all work within doors £ laid aside , a camp tents sfe ^ isf 0 ! : me ( I ' attd ^ . students live in soldier ? TO ° \ ? ar < l 8 ; no bedding beyond a thenTost ™ S b 61 ^ a ] lowei them « Th V a ** tSwm ^ SS P ^ tically in . field-fortifications , beridetffi - " . an ^ other . fieM-worta t £ m-h > n , ? gu 2 nfyin a - lis branches , and a mSf . COUr i „ . of laboratory work , " such as Iflu S \^ f tf « f . instvucUoh" cannot he too highly commended ; . and : as every / cadet who is about to enter any branch of the service is obliged to undergo it , each and every one of them must ? hSW » P /^ deraM * Potion of the rudiments at least of all branches of the profession " ; and in this respect I make bold to 0086 W some little improvement might take olace in th * . instHwfmn of
our military cadets at home . This system of universal military instruction has many benefits ; it insures that an officer , in whatsoever branch of the profession he may be , must have a certain knowledge of all the rest ; and should he be placed in a critical position , it will enable him to place a reliance on bis own resources , and enable him : to . judge for himself ; whereas , - if he were ignorant of all but tbe immediate branch of the army m which he serves , he must he' entirely dependent hv respect to all the rest upon those who are about him .
A troop ofsixty . horseiskept for the use of the cadets ; who not only receives instruction in the school , but cer tain classes of them at stated periods ride in the country .
Wbut &Imi0emem*
WbUt & imi 0 emem *
Royal Polytechnic Institution. The Exhib...
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION . The exhibition of Gas apparatus at this Institution , contributed by manufacturers from all parts of the country , consist chiefly" of a number of contrivances for applying Gas as a fuel for heating purpoBes , cook . ing stoves and ranges , form an apparatus sufficient to prepare a banquet for a prince * to' the steak of the solitary bachelor , are among the most prominent of the articles exhibited . The great reduction which has tafeeh place in the cost of Gas , renders its application to culinary purposes within the reach of all ,
and the cleanliness which attends its use , will recommend it to those who desire ( o get rid of the aches , smoke , aud other annoyances , which now too frequently attend upon the use of coal fire . Besides the application of Gas to cooking , the exhibition presents many novelties in the shape of stores for warming apartments . The luxury of a warm bath may be indulged in , at a small costbothof labour aud material , by using Gas astfte heating medium . For chemical and manufacturing purposes its advantages are displayed by means of several pieces of well-contrived apparatus , applicable alike to the wants oi the experimentalist or manufacturer . . :,
The tailor , the laundress , and the hair dresser , are also provided with the means of obtaining heat in a manner suited to their various requirements ; in fact there is no procesB ' requiring artificial heat to which Gas may not be applicable . The most approved modes of measuring a burning Gas ate also illustrated , by means of meters of various forms and construction ; and an assortment of burners suited to all purposes . Tbe use of Gas as a ventilating medium , forms a conspicuous feature in the exhibition , the experiments connected with its application for this purpose deaerve the attention of all who desire to breathe in a whole , some atmosphere . Many other kinds of highly interesting and useful apparatus can also be inspected daily at this establishment .
Lvcetjm.—A New Farce By Mr. Palgrave Sim...
Lvcetjm . —A new farce by Mr . Palgrave Simpson , was producedat this theatre on Tuesday night , which , acted with great spirit by Mr ; Charles Mathews , Mr . B . Roxby , and Miss Oliver , met with complete success . OiTMP / c ;—On Monday night Mr . T . Taylor ' s dramatic version of the Hear of Wakefield was played for the first time at this house , and attracted a larger audience than has been assembled , for some time . The cast , with the exception , of bourse ,. of the lata Mrs . Glover , is precisely the same as on the occasion of its original production at the New Strand , where it was one of the most successful pieces .
Punch ' s PiAtHOueE—A slight farce , called A Cheap Excursion , was produced on Monday night . Mr . Snobbs ( Mr . Tilbury ) -and his wife ( Mrs . Seymour ) take a cheao trip into the country , where they are first made jealous of each btherby the predictions of a . Gipsy , . then are forced toexchange garments with some marauding vagabonds , and finally are assailed as poachers , 'but are rescued by their own servant aud her sweetheart , a policeman , " who have likewise taken a holiday , dressed in the clothes of the master and mistress . The jokes , though not of a new kind , amused , and the piece was perfectly successful .
Surrey Gardbks , —M . Jullien has been engaged by the spirited proprietor of these gardens , and he , in company with his excellent band , which includes such artists as Lazarus , Jarrett , Collinet , and others , commenced on Monday night a series of al fresco concerts . Notwithstanding the dampness of the weather , the attendance of visitors wag considerable . The renowned chef d'brchestre was received with great acclamation , and he conducted with his usual brilliancy and eclat a round of the quadrilles , waltzes , and tbe like , which he has made so popular . The fireworks which followed the concert were as copious as they , were beautiful ; , and quite , equal to anything of the kind which we remember to have
seen . ,, Cbbmorne GaBokks . —In spite of a somewhat chilly atmosphere , the attendance here on Monday night , being the first of tbe season , was both numerous and select . Visitors will be agreeably surprised by the great improvements that have been effected , especially as regards the accommodation for dancers . The inonttre platform is a novelty truly deserving not only of approbation , hut admiration . The theatre has been re-decorated in an extremely tasteful style , and the performances are in some respects superior to what we have witnessed at other places of entertainment where the price of _ admission ia much higher . The brilliant manner in which the gardens are lighted and the taste displayed , is scarcely to he surpassed by any other establishment . Among a variety of attractions the tableaux vivants may be mentioned as of a very superior order .
Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill. A...
ECCLESIASTICAL TITLES ASSUMPTION BILL . A hill ( as amended by the committee ) to prevent the assumption of certain ecclesiastical titles in repect of places in the TJnited Kingdom . ( The clauses marked A and B were added by the committee . ) Whereas divers of her Majesty ' s Roman Catho . " lie subjects have assumed to theraselves ' . ihe titles of archbishop and bishops of a pretended province , and of pretended sees or dioceses , within the United Kingdom , under colour of an . alleged authority given to tbem for that purpose by : a certain brief , rescript , or letters apostolical from the see of Rome , purporting to have heen given' at Rome , on the
29 th of September , 1850 ; and whereas ,, by the act of the tenth year of King George IV ., cap . 7 , after reciting that the pretestant episcopal , church of England and Ireland , and the doctrine , discipline , and government thereof , and . likewise the ProttaUut presbyterian church , of Scotland , and the doctrine ,. discipline , and . government thereof , were , by the respective acts > o ( union of England and Scotland , and of Great . Britain and Ireland , established permanently fand inviolably , and that the right and title of , archbishops to their respective provinces , of bishops ti > tbeir * ees , and of deans to their deaneries , as well in England as in Ireland , had been settled and established by law
, it wis enacted that if any person a'ter the commencement of that cctj other than the person thereunto . authorised by law , should asanmeor use the name , style , or . title of archbishop of any province , bishop of any bishopric , er dean of any deanery , in England or Ireland , he should for every * uch offence forfeit and pay the sum of One hundred pounds . And whereas it may be doubted whether the recited enactment extends to the assumption of the title of archbishop or bishop of a pretended province or diocese , or archbishop or bishop of a city , place , of territory , or ; deab of any pretended deanery in England or Irelandnot being
, the see , province , or diocese of any archbishop or bishop or deanery of . any dean recognisRd by law ; but the attempt to establish , under colour of authority from the see of Home or otherwise such pretended sees , provinces , or dioceses or deaneries is illegal arid void . And whereas it is expedient to prohibit the assumption of such titles in respect oi any places wi bin the United Kingdom . Be it therefore declared and enacied b y the Qaeen ' s most excellent majesty , by and with the advice arid consent of the lords spiritual and temporal ; and commons , in this present parliament assembled , and by the authority in the same , that— ' . " ¦'¦''" ,-
Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill. A...
' Clause Ai—1 ; The said brief , rescript , or letter * apostolical , and all and every the jurisdiction authority , pre'eminence , or title conferred or pretended to ' be conferred thereby , are and shall be and he deemed unlawful and void .. Hi And be it enacted , that if , after the passing of this act , any person other than a person thereunto " authorised by law in respect of an archbishopric , bishopric , or deanery of the united church of . England and Ireland assume or use the name , style , or title of archbishop , bishop , or dean of any city , town , or place , or of any territory or district ( under any designation or description whatsoever ) in the United Kingdom ,. whether such city , town or place , or such ; territory or diatrict , be or he not the see or the province , or co-extensive with the province of any archbishop , or the see or the
diocese , or co-extensive with the diocese , of any bishop , or the seat or place of the church of any dean , or co-extensive with any deanery , of the said united church , the person so offending shall , for every euch offence , forfeit and pay the sura of one hundred pounds , to be recovered as penalties imposed by the recited act may be recovered under the provisions thereof . Clause "B . -. UI . This act shall not extend or apply to the assumption or use by any bishop oi the . protestant , episcopal church in Scotland exer . cising episcopal functions within some district or place m Scotland of any name , style , or title in respect of such district or place ; but nothing herein contained shall be taken togire any ri ^ ht to any such bishop to assume or use any name , ttyte , or . title which he fs not now by law entitled to asaume or use .
Father Gavazzi On Auricular Confessiqn.-...
FATHER GAVAZZI ON AURICULAR CONFESSIQN .-. Part II . In continuation of his strictures on the confessional , vihkh he anticipated would occupy many successive discourses , so abundant were the materials and so important the topic , before resuming his argument he would dwell on the advantages which truth ever found in fearless scrutiny , while the blind votary of established delusions hugged bis chains in . voluntary debasement . - The slightest effort at inquiry would dissipate the charm that
hung over the fascinated victim , and hence it was perfectly intelligible why the terrors of the Roman church , were held out to affright the doubter and to stifle investigation . Tbe groundwork of human Absolution ms perfectly untenable , but the claim to receive a preliminary avowal of guilt in all its details from a fellow-mortal and a fellow-sinner was still more preposterous , And would bear the test neither of reason nor of scripture , nor even of patristic authority . To the student of church history the thing was a palpable and impudent innovation . He once more launched into ecclesiastical
antiquity , and plunged ^ into the depths this controversy . . To detail these canonical citations not being within the scope of a newspaper , it will suffice to say that the frequent indications of loud concurrence on the part of his auditory ( as numerous as ever , ) testified to the impression his proofs and inferences made as he went on . It was reserved for that dark era of the world ' s intellectual slavery , when the Popedom , in the person of Innocent III ., trod on the necks of Kings and trampled all human authority with super-human arrogance , to make this audacious attempt on the deep subserviency of fear-stricken mankind . It was at the very first
dawn of freedom in these islands , while the barons were extorting your Magna Charta from the reluctant aod priest-ridden John , that another Charter in an opposite sense , and with a tremendously counteracting tendency , was imposed by Innocent on trembling Christendom , and forcibly thrust on the acceptance of such bishops as that pontiff held under his notorious and indisputable control in the Lateran Church at Rome ( a . d / 1215 . ) While in England it was proclaimed at Runnymede that " omnts tiler homo , " & c , & c , at Rome it was then first enacted hy a canon of Council , that ' « omnis utriusgne sexnts confiteaturpeccata sua sacerdoti . " Arrived at this point of its first penal and enforced
establishment , the speaker « ent into what might appear a digression , but the episode had a very perceptible bearing on the question at issue , viz ., whether it were competent in any . number of church functionaries to introduce under pain of sin an arrangement of this character , or to bar all participation in the great atoning sacrifice of Christ , save aud except under conditions of this nature . He alluded to a belief in what was called the " immaculate conception" of , the Virgin , which the present incumbent of the Roman bishopric had serious thoughts of rendering imperitive on all under penalty of exclusion from any share in man ' s redemption . Had he such power ? It was
attempted at Trent . and referred to an accommodating committee , who reported favourably , but a vigorous opposition haying manifested itself within the assembly , the project was withdrawn . Now , all antiquity was against this long unheard-of doctrine , which went to invalidate the mystery of the incarnation altogether , and tbe name of Thomas Aquinas was in the van of those who opposed it on principle ; yet according to the same theory which would render man s eternal salvation dependent on the performance of every successive human condition , originating either in tyranny or fanaticism , it would follow tbat although up to 1215 Heaven was attainable without the confessional ( but not since that
epoch ) , up to 1851 the gates of Paradise are still open to those who disbelieve in this " conception , " but shortly it may be otherwise determined , and a supplemental . article be added to the symbol of Chratiaritty . The Apostles' creed recites a belief in the " remission of sins ; ' the great Nicean standard of faith developea that article into an acknow « ledgmeut of " one baptism for the remission of sins , '' clearly establishing one only ceremonial formula to which that remission attaches . It was reserved for Trent to invent what it terms in opposition to the "one , " a " second plank after shipwreck , " to the exclusive instrumentality of which as a life-buoy it confines the struggling efforts of drowning humanity . .
Dismissing the records of early councils , the speaker next addressed himself to the primitive fathers and writers of the church . He alluded to the epistles of Clement , Tertullian " De Peenitentia , " Cyprian"De Lapsis , " andOrigen " on Leviticus , " from whom the usually quoted , passages were sifted with much critical sagacity , and their utter irrelevaoce as io the auricular process in its present form vigorously demonstrated . Coming to the casuists who had undertaken to elucidate the theory as well as practice of the confessional , he arrayed them in a variety of conflicting statements one against the other . Duns Scotus , Suaiez , Vega Cajetan , Paludanus , held irreconcilable opinions : some deemed a
confession tendered m writing valid , which others dented , and required oral enunciation . Some found a divine right for the bond of secrecy , which others repudiated . He next referred to the " sacramental " words used by the confessor in the Latin church , which were admitted to have undergone a serious and significant change .. " Pens te absolyat , " which was the undoubted original form , had , become , no one knew how or when , " Ifgo te absolve , " with the precautionary clause , however "i » . quantum , posmm , " which was an unconscious remnant of : misgiving on the part of the performer as to the efficacy of his spell . The Greek church had kept in her
liturgy the simple and unassuming prayer , for God ' s forgiveness on such occasions , and ' thuB . bore witness to the alteration made by her western sister at a period subsequent to their parting company . ' Entering into the merits of the question on the score of analogy , he pointed out the inconsistency of Christ ' s declaration against the ' ceremonial burdens and Pharisaic trammels of the old law , from which he professed to deliver bis followers with the imposition of this most onerous of all Pharisaic require , ments , a yoke more crushing and intolerable than any Judaic observance in the whole of Leviticus , and , in conclusion , he narrated at some length from the annals of Gozimenes and all concurrent church
historians the notorious occurrence at Constantinople under the reign of Theodosius , when , in conse . quence of a noble matron having taken . the opportunity of denouncing the conduct of a certain deacon , by confessing publicly bis criminal intercourse with herself , before the assembled faithful . the . Greek Patriarch , Nectarius , the immediate predecessor of Chrysostom in that see , abolished public confession altogether , and left it optional to make the bishop alone tbe depositary of secret offences , or be silent on such matters altogether , Such was the discipline which ,, during the Mi century tbat Patriarch governed the eastern church , prevailed tip to ad , 382 . The famous criterium oi Vincent Lerinensis quod semper quod . ubipue , ere . ditum est , is totally inapplicable to the confessions .
Muufelwk Coal-Pit.-.The Fire It Mr. "Wil...
muuFELWK Coal-Pit .-. The fire it Mr . "Wilson ' s coal-pit , Drumpelier , neat Coatbridge , has ken extinguished .
Vmtiw
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A I Laugn.—The Full-Blown Flower, Of Whi...
A LAUGn . —The full-blown flower , of which-a smile ia the bud . Cos —Why are worn-out shoes like children without parents ?— Because they are left off ' tins , PLUMPNBss . An article that the ladies may buy A wit n mm for one-snd-sk a pound . * * " ™ v Ohubchjmn . -A high churchman was uu i ' Ift ? "J "" hia ! H >™ y look sothin V His reply uas , « ' M books all keen Lnt . " il / imsBss and riches are two things , and seldom meet together . "' , A smakt Tar . — " Are these sttip letters ? " asked a post-office clerk of a sailor , as he handed him a bundle . No , sir , they are schooner letters' " The plainest path through life is the safest and best . —Lovelace .
Mrs . Partington says it is a curious provision of tiature tbat hens never lay when eggs are dear , aud always begin when they are cheap . As Old Maid . —A . lady who has attained the age of twenty-four or five , without having married a fool , a knave , a gimbler , or a drunkard . Px-ATiuny . —The heart has no avenue so open as that of flattery ; which , like some enchantment , lays all its guards a-leep . SiJLFISHNBss contracts and narrows our benevolence , and causes us , like serpents , to enfold ourselves within ourselves , and to turn our stings to all the world besides .
An Irish witness was recently asked , at one of the County Courts , what he knew of the prisoner ' s character for truth and veracity ? " Why in troth , yer , honor , since iver I ' ve known her , she has kept her house clone and decent . " Vfiiiv Good . —Walking is tho most wlioteaome exercise , water the best drink , and plain food the most nourishing and healthy diet . Even iu knowledge tho most useful is the easiest acquired . Shavikg . —It is said that a pair of pretty eyes are the best mirror for a man to shave by . 'Zactly so { and it is unquestionably the case tbat many a man has been s-haved by them . The Rivai , Pores , —Pope ' s Essay on Man was a great success . Pope ' s " Essay on Woman , "—or the notorious Popish attempt to inveigle a young lacy into the "Lods ; e at Tauuton , " has proved decidedly a failure . —Punch . .
" PRAY Miss C , " said a gentleman the other evening , why are ladies so fond of officers ?"" How stupid 1 " replied Miss C . ; "is it not perfectly natural and proper that a lady should like a good offer sir ?" Ho » Bsrr . —What a praise is it to honesty that every man pretends to it , even at the instant that he means to be a knave . From the census returns it appears that the population of Birmingham ia now 232 , 634 , being ail increase in ten years of 47 , 740 . Forged Notes . —The public aro cautioned that forged £ 5 Bank notes are in circulation . The imitation is very good , but the water mark has only the word " Bank , " instead of the words "Bank of England . "
The Hair . —You rarely , if ever , see a politician with smooth hair—a great scholar with fine hair—an artist with red hair—a fop with coarse hair—a minister with long hair , or an editor whose hair is carefully adjusted . The Census . —A housekeeper in a village between Stamford and Uppingham , in filling up his schedule , under the column headed " Where born , " described one of his children as born "in the parlour , " and the other "upstairs . " Accomplishments . — Working miracles with worsteds—such as brown rivers , with orange-coloured shores , or yellow Daniels sleeping among green lions with sapphire-coloured tails—is one of the modern acc'implishments of young ladies I
A Lunatic— "What are you about ? " inquired a lunatic of a cook , who was industriously stripping the feathers from a fowl . "Dressing a chicken , answered the cook . " I should call that tm-dressing , " said the crazy chap in reply . The cook looked reflective . Gaming . — "It is making my friends a very ill compliment , " says a certain greatman , " tosupposa they wish to be possessed of what belongs to me ; and I should be very unworthy , if I desired to make myself a title to what is theirs . " April , May , and Juse . — "May , coquettish ; sometimes pettish , smiling often through her tears j in rotation , yields her station , and the welcome June appears . Gentle , smiling , care beguiling , with a rasa bud in her hair—April foolish—May is coolish—June wann-hearted is and fair . "
LINES BY A POET OF NATURE . Of all the birds that cleave the air , tho goose must bapvefetr'A ; He has so much of nourishment , has that strongminded bird . Tbbth of Animals . —When rabbits , squirrels , ' and various other gnawing animals , are fed on soft meats , their teeth sometimes grow so long and crooked as to prevent them from taking food ; and instances have occurred , in which to preserve life it became necessary to break off or extract the teeth . " Better than None "—It may be said generally of husbands , as the woman said of hers , who had abused her , to an old maid who reproached her for marrying him— " To be sure , he is not so good a
husband as he ought to be , but he is a powerful sight better than none . " A Prkcious Offer . —A late writer wishes tu know what more precious offering can be laid upon the altar of a man ' s heart than the first love of a pure , earnest , and affectionate girl , with an undivided interest in eight thousand three per cents , and fourteen three-story houses ? We give it up . We know of nothing half so touching , or , in other words , anything that most people would sooner touch . Niagara .-An honest Hibernian had come far to see Niagara ; and while he gazed upon it , a friend asked him if it was not the most wonderful thing he had ever seen , to which he replied— " Never a bit ; man , never a bit . . Sure , it ' s no wonder at all that the wather should fall down there , for Vd like to know what could hintber it ; but it ' s mighty quare though , I ' m thinking , how the mischief it ever got
up . Remedy for Deassess . —Cleanse the ear out thoroughly by means of a pledget of lint or cotton and warm water ; afterwards soak a piece of cotton in some Glycerine , which insert in tbe ear . After one or two applications the hearing will be restored-Glycerine is the sugar of oil . Mr . Thomas Wakley , in a jPrecrtisfl on Deafness , recently published , says that this method is adopted with great success at the Royal Free Hespital , Gray ' s Inn Road . Thb May Meetings . —A number of flies are engaged to carry the religious gentry in the suburbs to Exeter Hall , during the May meetings ; and it is they who are celebrated for overcrowding the vehicles . "Bless you ! " said one man , "them folks never think there can be too many behind a hoss—six is nothing for them , and it is them who is the meanest of all to the coachman , for he never , by no chance , receives a glass at their door . "
! 'Violets are spring ' s favorite messengers ; she embalms them with the mingled essence of all the ' flowers she intends to give us during her reign ; she sets tbem on banks , that they may be seen and not trodden down . They are the humblest of earth ' s children , and yet tbe sweetest ; for flowers remind us of the earth without its grossness . , . i Courtiers . —L « rd Delamar , speaking of his ohil- dteu OMKKflMsg courtiers , says , " Nothing but the I pure profit can induce a man of a generous and a i noble spirit to accept of a place at court , for though » princes should be examples of piety , as well as ad- - ministers of Justice , vet there is so much looseness S
and disorder in their families , that a man who live * i there must be well fortified with religion and morality , , or he will be in danger of losing his integrity . " Benjamin Franklin . —Doctor Franklin had . for « some time adhered to a diet purely vegetable ; but tt in the course of a voyage he had taken from Boston n to Philadelphia , some cod were caught , which were re dressed on board , the flavour of which seemed so de- elicious , that he broke through his vegetable systCM i IIi and ever after continued to eat like the rest of man- , nkiud , recurrihg only occasionally to his vegetable lie plan . Some small fish had been found in the belly of of the cod , which led him to reason thus : — ' * If you r ou eat one another , 1 see no reason why I should not mt
eat you . " „ « ,, . ' How to Manctacturk a '' MlKACtB . "—Take an an oil painting of a wounded man , cover the back of the the canva s with pitch , cut out a portion of the latter im- immediately behind the part depicted as a wound , pierce rce the canvass on that part with several stabs of a cob- iobler ' sawl , from back to front , place in the opening ling made hy the removed pitch apiece of spongsaturated tted with Wood thinned with vater , cover the opening ling with a plug of pitch ; the application of a hoi iron re- n removing the appearance of a seam round the plug . ilug .
The " Miracle " may now be worked by eentle pres- iressure either from behind or in front of the pictured Bred wound , which , squeezing the sponge , causes the the bloody liquid to < sxude through theholesmade by the j the cobler ' s awl , and trickles out ia the most natural and . 1 and surprising manner , to the edification of all beholders . Iders . , This "Miracle ' is capable of being produced by id by ¦ other means , but upon the same principle . The an- le an- ¦ plication of a white handkerchief to the wound , and , and I with . some pressure , vrill assist in establishing tbeg the 5
# A Boww Conjurer . —An Irish gentleman , so-, n , so- - journing at a dashing hotel , felt much annoyed at the . atthe B smallness of the bottles , considering the high pi ice of i ice of f Ju ' ne k eve iDg ' taki " g his 8 lass ffith » f « etld fo-end iai tne coffee room , the pompous owner came in , when when a the gentleman , after apologising , told him he and hismd his s frlfcnd had laid a wager , which he must decide , byido , by y telling him what profession he was bred to . Mine Minee host , after some hesitation at the question , answeredsweredd that he was bred to the law . . "Then , " said the . gen-he . < jen-itlcman ,. »« I have lost , for I laid that you were bred a . bred a a packer . " " A packer , sir ! " said the host , swellM * welling g like a turkey cock ; " what could induce you . sir , w sir , wo think I was bred a packer . ?' ' " Why , " ^ " ^ " ^ t other ; ' I judged so from your tuine measur « , . lor , i , mgi thought no one but AskilfidpacbermM put a 3 «« tf a qnor ^ of wine into a pint bottle . " 3 .. " ^ X
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 24, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_24051851/page/3/
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