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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOC1E1X
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Mr DEiB tos.-The ^^13 i» a subject upon ...
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y^/tA^uj ^vt^^6^
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JQ URML.
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X « Ashbourn VOL. . NO. 441 LONDON, SATU...
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST PO OPERAT...
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£ S* ::::::: - « £.s 3 n £ O - * i g g =...
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Crate* $lotamcnt&
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ST1UKES IN BIRMINGIIAN, LEEDS, AND ABERD...
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— — —;¦! ,— .— —.— TO THE WORKING MEN OF THE STAFFORDSHIRE POTTERIES.
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Fkllow-Labou-reiw,—Having been invited a...
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IRELAND.
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FOOD RIOTS IN CARRICK-ON-SU1R. Cabuick-o...
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Comstponuewe*
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TO TUB EDITOR OP THE-NORTHERN STAR. Siu,...
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E.Miiii:A7iox.--LiustSunday, 290 German emigrants arrived in the steamer, Attwood, from Rotterdam,
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for the purpose of embarking in the Amer...
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r 1 ;*
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
To The Members Of The Chartist Co-Operative Land Soc1e1x
TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOC 1 E 1 X
Mr Deib Tos.-The ^^13 I» A Subject Upon ...
Mr DEiB tos .-The ^^ 13 i » a subject upon which I receive ^ Part . eswntetome ^^ ^^ m J f ^ T ^ str " sha ^ . One gentleman threetuur
fXms transfer of two , , or acres ; ^ icm bcrsendsine word that he will give £ 30 , or even £ M , for a preference . It should be distinctly understood , then , that I have no power , that the society has no power , and that the members selected by ballot have no power , to enter into any such compromise , and it is because the preference belongs of rig ht to the members who hare paid up , that wekeep a register of sixty names for the two acre drsft , although only seventeen could be located , of twentysix for the four acre draft , although only thirteen oonld be located , and of twelve for the three acre draft , although only five could be located .
jfow this course was adopted for the especial purpose of liaviug a sufficiently large number to have an opuon in case any of the successful candidates declined . Upon the other hand , when the occupant gets his lease and is located , no law would preserve any restrictive power in the hands of the officers to prevent the occupant from disposing of his interest nor can I see the utility , the justice or wisdom of such a restrictive power , if the society could possess itself of it ; in fact , it would be a coercive instead of a free life . For instance , suppose out of so large a number as one section of 6000 , a few should feel
dissatisfied , and they would be very few , or incapable of managing , -what would be more desirable than that such person should have the power of transfering his allotment to a person who would prove his fitness in part by his willingness to give a premium for the possession . I will suppose another case . Suppose an occupant to have a brother in very good business , business which he would prefer to twenty or thirty acres of land , and to which he was to succeed after
his brother ' s death ; now if there was no power of transfer , that man would be placed in a false position , while , if onr rales permitted him or anybody else to transfer before possession taken , lease had , and the larger portion of . the £ 15 capital expended , it might be made a mere jobbing concern . In no case should an occupant ; be permitted to let for an increased rent , and what he did ^ receive should be alwavs in the shape of money bonus .
It is very necessary to be particular and explicit op . n this head . Firstly , toprevent all chances of jobbing , and , secondly , to prevent all chances of coercion or injustice . It must be a heavy blow and great discouragement to the discontented to find as much as £ 50 offered for the preference of a four acre farm , and . £ 20 for a two acre farm . A great many persons are now beginning to write very earnestly upon the subject of small farms , and thccapabilityof the land , and by some magic or other which I cannot rightly undeistand , they are actually using my hacknied words as novelties , and my arguments as confirmatory of a "teat principle . X do declare that I have not
seen one single argument used by these new disciples to apiculture that 1 have not repeated . times out oi number- I have heard no more upon the subject of gqnatlers s-ince I dispersed . that tribe of political economists , but now Ja new { tribe of philanthropists have sprung into existence , whose solicitude for the occupants is unbounded—tfcey ask how a man is to pay his rent of £ 5 for a cottage and two acres of land and to live ? I am not sorry for the creation of this new pigmy snd mark how easily I shall demolish it . In the months of November , December , January , and February , there are rather more than a hundred
working days , which cannot with profit be applied to agricultural purposes ; for , as I have before observed , it wasintended that man , like the ant , should lay np a st < re in summer to live in idleness upon during the vinter months . It is injurious to land to . meddle with it during those four months , when , in fact , it shou'd be put to bed , trenched up for the winter . I will then suppose the occupant to belong to any trade , shoemaker , tailor , weaver , basket-maker , joiner , blacksmith , glazier , or an ? trade at which he can work at home on speculation , or work about homefor hire Now , it is not too muchtosay .
tbatmenworking in this fashion will earn as much as the . agneul . fund serfs—that is , twelve shillings a week , that is , two shillings a day , or £ 10 for the hundred days that could not be otherwise than injuriously employed in asricultural business . Xow £ 10 is the rent of a four-sere allotment , and double the rent of a twoacre allotment ; so that at that moderate wages , we find that the occupant of four acres could earn his whole rent , and have the produce to eat and wear , which twenty individuals could not possibly manage to do . An occupant of two acres would have earned £ -5 above his rent , and would have the whole produce of his two acres to eat and wear .
My readers will take this explanation net as my view , but as an answer to the tribe of anti-rent anticipators . My view is , that no man with any acre of ground would ever , or need ever , work for an master but himself . I will suppose a man devoting lis evenings during those four winter months to any fiddling work , assisted by his family , and he must make more money than would pay those rents . See the several works that may be performed , and best performed , at home . A little work , entitled " The Peop ' e , " by the author of "Priests , Women , and Families , * ' has just made its appearance , and it speaks so home to the heart upon the pride that all men have in possessing the smallest portion of ground , and in being their own masters , that I am engaged in selecting copious extracts from it to lay before voa . It is a most valuable and a most
interesting work . Its price is only Is . 4 d ., and every Land locality should subscribe and buy it , and read it out . It is only 103 pages , aud will amply pay for the perusal . There seems to exist some difference of opinion between the Manchester members as to the locality where purchases should he made . Some prefer being near the labour market , where the surplus labour may be sold , while others , I am happy to say , express a decided . preference for being out of sight of the long chimneys . One of my original oljects in wishing to see sections established in the neighbourhood of large towns , was the influence they may have
upon men compelled to work in the slave market ; Ben who would be within easy walk of the free labsur field , and men with whom and whose families the free labourers and their families might be profitably compared ; and I have no doubt that an operative , with a wife and five children , casualty earning thirty shillings a iveei , would very speedily discover the inferiority of his condition when compared with that of a man cultivating two acres , and paying the rent to the day . I will suppose such a thing possible as a man being backward with his rent . I will suppose it to occur even to the amount of 5 per
cent , amongst the two-acre occupants , and I will suppose the almost impossibility of its occurring to that extent through sickness or casualties against which the sufferers could not provide . See the easy remedy . One-and-threepeiice per quarter from each of a hundred members , contributed to a casual fund , would make £ 25 a year , which would pay the rent for five per cent , of defaulters . I am almost angry with myself for supposing not only au improbability but actually an impossibility ; and when I do write in this si-tin , 1 wean it rather as an answer to the crotchetmongers ihau as indicative of my own apprehensions .
I would wager my existence that out of G . oOO men belonging to a section , ten would not be found to part with their shares , and one would not hi a defaulter in the course of ten years . I never knew a man with a house small enough , and 1 never knew a man who lived a purely agricultural life with an amount of land sufficiently small—not that you are going to liave small houses , you shall have good ones , comfortable one * , built of the best brick where stones
are not to bo had , cemented with a thick coat of cement outside , shied , leaded and zaic gutters on the eaves to keep off the dripping , floors raised a foot above the level of the ground , and iron brick introduced wherever necessary to keep off the da : p -, in fact , a house fit for a freeman and his family to live in , a house that a monarch may look upon with pride . J receked a letter from a friend of mine , stating that he had visited five acres of land near
Mr Deib Tos.-The ^^13 I» A Subject Upon ...
Ashbourn , for which the tenant pays £ 3 an acre . He is lame in the hip , and has a short leg ; his son helps him ; he received at a very low price for onions over £ 9 for the produce of an eighth of an acre , or at the rate of about £ 75 per acre . His land is up a great steep from his house , and his cow works two hours a day kindly drawing manure and other stuff up the hill , and gives the more milk for it . lie told my friend that he never yet met a man who understood
the capability of one acre of ground . He is old and feeble , and my friend is , perhaps , without exception , the most real philanthropist , and , without comparison , the kindest hearted man in this world , with the most comprehensive but unsophisticated mind , and the interview ended with the engagement of the old man to undertake the management of ] 19 acres of ground , and he is now , thanks to my friend , comfortably housed and adequately provided for , for the remainder of his life .
I am not at all opposed to the four acre system ; on the contrary , I like it , because the proprietors will constitute a good class of masters for a large number of agricultural labourers . About the 10 th of May we commence operations , and I shall be happy to receive an order as soon as there is sufficient stuff to feed them for a supply of the small black Galloway cows from Dumfriesshire without horns—the easiest fed , the most domestic , the most hardy , and the best milkers in the world , and I shall be most happy in proper season to see a cart to every one of their tails , or , when occasion requires , to see two of them in a light iron plough , trenching ground or harrowing it , or drawing a light roller . I will cheerfully oo to Dumfries mvself to select them . Next week
it is my intention to inspect a farm of over iOO acres , of which immediate possession may be had and in speaking of the purchase of land , I wish to have it distinctly understood , that there is no use in sending me advertisements of land to be sold in the possession of tenants WHOSE LEASE WILL EXPIRE IX 1847-48-49 ; what we require is land of which we may have immediate possession , and , curious to say , notwithstanding the anticipated
difficulty of finding land to be sold , there is now in the market to be sold , within the next month , more than would fetch ten millions of money . I wish to hare a general understanding with the members upon this subject . Suppose an estate in every other way suited to our purpose is offered for sale , is it absolutely necessary that we should forego the purchase , and confine ourselves within a manufacturing district ? if not , we shall very speedily be in a position to locate from 150 to 200 members .
I now submit for your perusal a few letters that I have received with reference to transfers , and I cannot too earnestly urge upon those who have been the first fortunate candidates the folly of accepting any offer , ever so flattering , when they should be in a situation to accept it . My convictions are so confirmed in the certain success of the project , that 1 would look upon the man who would relinquish his claim as an absolute fool . Sib , —I want to rent and get possession of a Small Farm system of from three to two acres . Having purchasedMr . O'Connor's " Small Farms , " and as it appears that there is a dispute at Manchester , perhaps that dispute , by my purchasing the party interest I may have this allotment , and if I cannot do this perhaps you will ' be good enough to say how lean get it , and how soon , and in nltat tray I am to act to do so .
I wrote about a fortnight ago , but , strange to say , my application was not noticed although I purchase the Xortkeni Star every week . Yours obediently , A constant purchaser and a subscriber to the Land Association . I don ' t care if it is at Jfortvicb , Leeds , Glasgow , Aberdeen , Birmingham , Coventry , Oldham , Reading or anywhere in fact , so that I get the farm three or two acres . If I advertise in the Northern Star for the allotment do you think I should get one , of course , offering £ 10 to £ 20 for the lease . Limehouse , April 21 st .
Sib , —Being so circumstanced at the present time , that it would be to me a ver j great advantage to be able to go on the first allotment in the Land Association , I make the following offer to any person inclined to accept it : —I will give twtnty pounds and transfer my interest as a member of the Chartist Land Association in the 2 nd section for four acres , with the whole amount of the subscriptions paid np , to any one of those who hare got a four acre allotment ( and after the same rate for two or three acre allotment ) and may be so situate that it is not convenient for them to occupy it immediately . Being a practical
agriculturist I feel confident that your Land scheme , when carried oat , will be the greatest boon ever conferred on the working classes of this country , and wishing i t all the success it deserves , I remain , yours respectfully , To T . Wheeler , Sec . It . Q . If any person should think proper to accept this ' offer a letter , pre-paid , addressed to It . Q , to be left at Brunswick-hall , Hope Makcrs' -fields , . Limehouse , near London , will be attended to . I should feel obliged if you could find a place for this in your paper .
I hope I have said enough to spare applicants the trouble of making further proposals , and to convince all who shall gain prizes , of the absolute lolly of being tempted to sell their preference , because it should be understood distinctly that when the first location is established the operations will go on more speedily than any the most sanguine can imagine . I shall not announce my intention of inspecting lands to be sold until the purchase is concluded , because I am aware that any apparent anxiety on my part to purchase any particular estate might enhance its value in the estimation of the proprietor , and cause it to cost the society more money . I am delighted to know that preference is given to mortgaging rather than selling the several estates , because I feel as well assured as I am of my existence that in less than
three years every occupant will be in a condition to purchase his holding for ever . There are , even amongst the first section , some who would now purchase , and many who will expend a considerable amount upon adding to their own buildings , a circumstance which will considerably enhance the value of the society ' s property , while it will not abstract a farthing from the property of him who expends it . I cannot be too particular in keeping the all-absorbing value of the system before your eyes—THE VALUE OF CO-OPERATION . It consists in buying land in the wholesale market , discharged from the law of piimogeniture , of settlement , and entail , and of leasing it in the retail market at the wholesale price ; in establishing a wages standard in the free labour market below which those who remain in the artificial market need not work unless |
they are willing ; in constituting a very large class of fustian coated landlords ,-who will be their own masters , and good , tender / considerate masters to those whom they employ . It consists in the fact , that if any one individual was anxious to take two , three , or four acres , with a good house , and £ 15 , £ 22 10 s ., or £ 30 capital to begin with , that there is no market in the world save ours for the speculator to enter . It consists in the fact , that if one or two should be
able to purchase or rent small allotments , that they cannot go to the expense of having the proprietors title inrc .-tig . tted , aud they may consequently buy or rent a " pig in a poke , " and after having expended their capital and labour the law m & y step in and tell them that they were ; fools to purchase from the WRONG OWNER , and that they must walk out for their foKy , while by co-operation we arc enabled to investigate the whole title for all .
Again , assuring you , my dear friends , that 1 anxiously pant for an opportunity of showing you a practical illustration of the value of our undertaking , and that 1 am determined not to recognise the meaning of the term IMPOSSIBILITY in carrying it out , because every thing is possible where there is a sufficient amount oi energy to overcome apparent obstacles , I remain "Your ever Taithful And affectionate Friend , Fjukcus O'Cossor .
Y^/Ta^Uj ^Vt^^6^
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And National Trades' Jq Urml.
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JQ URML .
X « Ashbourn Vol. . No. 441 London, Satu...
VOL . X . NO . 441 LONDON , SATURDAY , APRIL 25 , 1846 . ™« * m ™^ . ' ^^ ¦ Five Shillings ami Sixpence . Q ,, „ , tcr
To The Members Of The Chartist Po Operat...
TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST PO OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY FmEXDS ,-We this week present you with the result of our first ballotting for allocation : which , we trust will give universal satisfaction . There were eligible for the ballot , 14 S 7 member *; of which , 750 held one share , 580 two shares , and 157 two one share and a half . The proportion in which the prizes were classified was-five of three acres , thirteen of four and
acres , seventeen of two acres ; which with the land required for buildings , will absorb the whole of the society ' s estate . We likewise pr e a last of names in each class that are entitled by priority to allocation , in the event of an ? succcssl ! ii ni !? l bers decuningt © accept their chance . The ballotting took place on Monday and Tuesdavlast , in the presence of a public meeting , held in the old Manor Court-room , Nicholas-croft , Manchester , beargus O'Connor , Esq ., in the chair , the Manchester Committee and the Directors conducting the busi-¦
ness . „ . Feakoos O'Connor . Philip M'Gkath . Thomas Clark . Christopher Doile . Thomas Martin Wiibeleb , Secretary . The following is a correct list of the order in which the ballot was taken at Manchester . The number in the first column represents the ticket drawn ; in the second column , the number of certificate ; and the third , the order in which the occupants are entitled to choice : —
FOUR ACRES—13 Prizes . David Watson , Edinburgh ... ... 10 G 7 1008 ... 1 Thomas Smith , London ... 13 ... 177 178 ... 2 Thomas Bond , Devizes ... 7 ... 17 43 C ... 3 Joseph Opensliatr , Manchester 3 ... 6 ' 6 14 S ... 4 Barbara Vaughan , Sunderland 1 ... 849 850 ... 5 Thomas Mcjrkk , Worcester 4 ... 1477 U 7 S ... C Alfred Hague Crowther , Ash ton 9 ... 249 SOS ... 7 Martin Griffiths , Worcester ... 2 ... 2032 2033 ... 8 Thomas Smith , Wigan 8 ... 217 380 ... 9 J .-imes Taylor . Manchester ... 5 ... 1085 1086 ... Joseph Mills , Ashton ... ... 11 ... 38 39 ... James Greenwood , Hebdeu Bridge 12 ... 1529 1530 ... 12 James Cole . Bradford C ... 127 320 ... 13
John Houghton , Derby ... ... ... 14 James Paris , London ... ... ... 35 William Hall , Carlisle ... ... ... 16 William Clegs , Manchester ... ... ... 17 Jeremiah Cogblan , London ... ' ... ... IS Benjam . n Fox , do . ... ... ... 19 George Clarkson , Nottingham ... ... ... 20 Henry Uather , Brighten ... ... ... 21 John Sidaway , Rouen ... ... ... ... 22 William Crossley , Burnley ... ... ... 2 : ; Edward Scott , Pcrshore ... ... ... 24 — Plumb , Warwick 25 Thomas Houseley , Manchester ... ... ... 20
THREE AGRES-5 Prizes . William Oddy , Bradford ... 2 ... 13 S 9 155 ... 1 Isaac Jowett , do . ... 1 ... 2005 14 ... 2 James Short , Bilston ... 4 ... 559 139 ... 3 ISeiijamin Knott , Halifax ... 5 ... 2050 160 ... 4 Geoige Richiirdson , Westminster 3 ... 1740 113 ... 5 Daniel Barnes , Manchester , ... ... ... C Thomas Leach , Macclesfield ... ... ... 7 William Soincrton , Pershore ... ... .,. 8 William Birch , Stockport ... ... 9 James Edwards , Leeds ... ... ... 10 Thomas Heywood , Manchester ... ... ... 11 James Tattvrsall , Bacup ... ... ... 12
TWO ACRES—17 Prises . Ph ilip Ford , Wootton-under-E-ge 9 ... 772 ... 1 Richard Eveso . i , Stockport 10 ... 1562 ... 2 William Maun , Northampton 2 ... 489 ... S Henry Smith , XfigbJey ... 7 ... 1774 ... 4 John Xeil , Heywood 14 ... 1915 ... 5 William Mitchell , Whittington and Cat C ... 70 ... C George Mansfield , Bradford , ( Wilts ) 8 .. . 31 « ... 7 George Hearon , Leeds ... 12 ... 854 ... 8 John Firth , Bradford 5 ... 2010 ... Ralph Kerfoot , Rouen ... * 15 ... 16 ... 10 John Wallwark , Ashton ... 13 ... 887 ... 11 John Lambourne , Reading 4 ... 12 G 0 ... Charles Brown , Halifax ... 17 ... 120 ... 13 George Ramsbottom , Ashton 16 ... 325 ... Michtiul Fitzsimon , Manchester 11 ... 1377 ...
John Westmoreland , London 1 ... 1503 , „ 10 William House , jun ., Fershore 3 ... 718 ... Charles Taives , Jfew Radford ... ... ... 18 Thomas Heaton , Wigan ... ... ... 19 William Greenhow , Manchester ... ... ... 20 Richard Ormerod , Rouen ... ... ... 21 Charles Smith , Halifax ... ... ... William Gilroy , South Shields ... ... ... 23 William Suthers , Burnley ... ... ... 24 William Cordingly , Bradford ... ... ... 25 Thomas Singleton , Preston ... ... ... Robert Side , jun ., Lambeth ... ... ... 27 Richard Buckley , Manchester ... ... ... 28 John Draper , Upton-cum-Severu ... ... William Banbury , Ashton ... ... ... 30 James Walton , Manchester ... ... ... Edward Whiteacre , Bolton ... „ . ... 32 Joseph Royal ... ... ... ... 33 John Small , London ... ... ... ... 34 Fejhops O'Con . vob , Chairman . Thomas Martis Whieleii , Secretary .
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St1ukes In Birmingiian, Leeds, And Aberd...
ST 1 UKES IN BIRMINGIIAN , LEEDS , AND ABERDEEN . We find the following notices of strikes in the country papers of which no notice has been sent to us by the trades themselves : —Bricklayers Strike at Hirmingham . The strike among the men employed in the building trade in this town still continues , ami without >)}¦ prospect of * a satisfactory settlement . The journeymen painttn at Leah have struck for an advance of wages . The men now require that 24 s shall be the minimum weekly wages . The Aknkcn carpenters and their employers cannot agree . The men having their union to * support thenf , stand up for their demands—the masters on ( he other hand , are resolved to employ none who belong to the union . South Shiklds . —A general meeting of the working meirot this place was holden on Monday
evening , to take into consideration the case of the building trades in Manckester , Liverpool , and Birkenhead , Air . John 13 reyson Smith in the chair . The chairman , after explaining the nature of the turn-out , introduced Mr . William Gilfillan , joiner , who , alter reading some extracts from the Star , proposed the following resolution : — " That this meeting dcewly sympatliifcs with the men of Manchester , Liverpool , and Birkenhead , and express their indignation at the tyranny of their employers in refusing to employ any but such m are willing to throw aside their manhood and become their abject slaves . This meeting also agree to uso their best exertions to obtain funds to support them till such time as their tyrants are i r night to reason . " Mr . George Young , " joiner , seconded tiio resolution , which was unanimously car-
St1ukes In Birmingiian, Leeds, And Aberd...
ried . Mr . George Ellat , joiner , proposed , and Mr . Mark Brown seconded , the following : — "That a committee be formed of one tram each of the several shops , with power to add to their numbers ; and that the amount collected be sent weekly to the Central committee . " A committee of twelve was then appointed .
— — —;¦! ,— .— —.— To The Working Men Of The Staffordshire Potteries.
— — —;¦! , — . — — . — TO THE WORKING MEN OF THE STAFFORDSHIRE POTTERIES .
Fkllow-Labou-Reiw,—Having Been Invited A...
Fkllow-Labou-reiw , —Having been invited amongst yon to deliver a series of lectures , explanatory of the nature and objects of the "National Trades' Association , " with a view of forming branches of that highly important body in your several districts , permit me to take this medium of informing you of the result of my labours , and our general prospects of success . '
IIANLEY . On Monday afternoon I lectured in the "Christian Brethren ' s" room , at two o ' clock , to a highly respectable , intelligent ; and attentive audience , the chair being ably filled by that long tried and sterling friend of the working potters , Mr . Mark Lancaster . I entered :: into the ; general merits of "Trades ' Unions . " and pointed out the causes of the failure of the working classes iri effecting labours regeneration on former occasions , by sectional or local unions ; 1 endeavoured to show the greit advantages possessed by the "National Trades Association , " as ^ national body in resisting the attacks daily made by combined capital upon the rights of labour , and was pleased to find that my remarks gave general satisfaction . After alluding to several topics of a local nature , and showing the evils to which you were daily exposed by your disorganisation , Mr . Humphries , a most
intclli . cnt young man , moved a resolution to the effect — "That the time had now arrived when national exertions should supersede local and sectional combinations to emancipate labour from the thraldom aud tyranny of capital , and that the working men of Ilanley and Shclton agree to form themselves into a branch of the 'National Trades Union , ' to act in concert with other branches to be formed in these districts . " This resolution was seconded by Mr . Maitland , and carried unanimously . Mr . G . Mart then made a communication to the meeting , that the painters and gilders had already joined the assoeiaciation , which was received with great applause . After several questions had been asked and answered , a committe of thirteen ( with power to add to their number ) , comprising the most active and intelligent tnon in the district , was appointed , and the meeting separated highly gratified .
TUNSTALL . At seven o ' clock in the evening , I addressed a meeting in the " Christian Brethren ' s" room , Tun-* tall . Mr . John Steele in the chair . The meeting was not so numerous as at Ilanley , but the best spirit was manifested , and resolutions similar to those at Ilanley were passed , aud a committee appointed to carry them out .
BURSLEM . On Tuesday night I addressed the men of Bursleni in the spacious Temperance Hall ; as Burslem was looked upon as the stronghold of the " emigration " party , opposition was expected ; but though someol that party were present , and discussion solicited , there was not one of them had courage sufficient to dispute my positions . I entered at some length into the question of " surplus labour , " and showed the superior advantages already derived by adopting the principle of " regulating" production by shortenins ; the hours of labour , as compared with those assumed to be derivable from a system of emigration . At the conclusion of my address , the meeting pledged themselves to assist the committee I had already formed in Burslem to carry out the objects of the association .
LONGTON LANE END . On Wednesday evening I lectured in the " Working Man ' s Hall , " Longton , to a numerous audience , the room , which is a spacious one , and a credit to the working men , being well filled— "Daddy Richards " in the chair . I entered into the objects of the association , co-operation , land , labour , and machinery , and at the conclusion of my address , Mr . Booth isked if it was the intention of those joining the association to take steps to discharge the debt which the old Potters' Union had incurred with the Sheffield trades ?
Mr . Maitland , the secretary , said it was the intention of the committee , who had invited Mr . West to the district , to impress upon the minds of the potters the necessity of being just in their dealings with their fellow working men before they came before the country to demand and secure justice for themselves . Mr . Bootli said , in that case he would join them ; but he had made up his mind to have nothing to do with any union that would not do it .-utmost to honourably discharge the just and too lonj ; neglected claims of the Sheffield trades . After several other questions had been asked , an active and intelligent committee was appointed , to act in concert with the other districts .
STOKE . On Thursday evening I addressed the men of Stoke in the " Christian Brethren ' s Room . " Thr meeting listened with great attention to my statements , and at the close resolutions similar to those passed at the other meetings , were adopted , and a well-appointed committee chosen . Such , my friends , is a brief sketch of my labours amongst you . My success was most gratifying to myself , and cannot fail to be cheering to you . There is a wide field before you for the exercise of your moral energies , with well grounded hopes of success The foundation-stone has been laid securely ; your committees have been formed of men of high moral character and long-tried standing , and in point ol intclfisenccsecontl to none ] have met witli in any part of the country : and you enjoy local advantages
possessed by few bodies of working men . In future , therefore , let union be your watchword , and " be just , aud fear not" your motto , and eve long you will take your stand in the foremost ranks of that great national confederacy of the sons ol toil , who are destined to achieve labour ' s emancipation . 1 have to regret that your little ' illuminator" has for a lime ceased to reflect its refulgent beams amongst you , but let me hope that the day is not far distant when it will reappear with redoubled splendour . In conclusion , I have to tender my warmest acknowledgements for the kindness and hospitality that I experienced whilst amongst you , and to express a hope that ere long I may again visit you , to find your union stion ? in confidence , the terror of your enemies , and the stay and hope of every honest man . I remain , your friend and labourer , Macclesfield , April 20 th , 1810 . John West .
[ We arc happy to see John West again in the field , battling for labour ' s emancipation . Of all men , Jons West is " the ma . v" to enlighten his order as to the rights of labour , and the means of procuring their enfranchisement . The silence of John Wkst is ( for his order ) a national calamity , and one that should not be permitted . It might he prevented if the working classes would do justice to the able and talented men who belong to their ranks—nature ' s gentlemen . Of these , Jon . v Wusr is one of the noblest . The silent , hungry slavery of the loom is not for such a man . It is with tongue and pen lie should be employed in labouring , not for any grinding profitmonger , but for the ) people , whose interests he is so well calculated to promote . Let the people look to it , and not miss the services of such a man . Wc shall be obliged to Mr . West for any communications he may favour us with . —En . N . S . ]
Ireland.
IRELAND .
Food Riots In Carrick-On-Su1r. Cabuick-O...
FOOD RIOTS IN CARRICK-ON-SU 1 R . Cabuick-os-Suir , Thursday . —Nothwithstandins ! the subscriptions of the highly " respected parish priest and several of the gentry , " including T . E . La ' or , Esq ., Gregg-house , and the clorgy of the town , the greatest disorder prevailed here yesterday , aud the utmost consternation was experienced bv all persons ill consequence of a tumultuous crowd going about attacking bakers' shops , and committing depredations on Hour and on corn stores , Ac . It is certain
that there is great destitution here , and very little employment , whilst the markets a re excessively high for nil kinds of provi-ions . Happily no very serious injury was inflicted , though much evil was apprehended from the violence of the starving multitude . 0 « ing to the persuasions of the clergy , and some of the influential inhabitants , what might havo been serious in its results , has stimulated the increased vigour of the more wealthy of all classes and persuasions to set the people at work immediately , and give them food at a reasonable price . '
MOKE PROVISION UIOTS . The Tipjwary Free 1 ' nss of last night announces the breaking out on Thursday evening ° ' further riots at a place called Kilsheelan uiid l- ' ethard . The account '' , which arc very brief , say"The boats coming up from Waterford were attacked at Ivilshcelasi on this day by a numerous band of men , women , and children , uiid the miscellaneous goods with which they were laden caviled oft in all directions , Informations being received , the
Food Riots In Carrick-On-Su1r. Cabuick-O...
military and police were immediately on the spot : a consumable quantity of wheat belonging to Alessrs . Hugh e * was recovered , and 13 persons made prisoners . It was a most barefaced robbery , as the articles taken were in a raw state . The stipendary ma-istrate , Marc * Shaw , had a narrow escape ; his horse lwying taken fright , jumped into the river with him and swam a considerable distance . " Fktuarjv , Thursday . —There was a ri « iri " here to-day , and Mr , Harvey ' sstorcattacked , froinwhich three sacks of & our were taken ; the mob attacked Mrs . Wilson ' s store , but were repulsed . They were finally dispersed through the praiseworthy exertions of the parish priest , the Archdeacon Laftim , and quiet restored . " The Drogheda Cmservative severely censures that portion of the press which denies tne cxistwice of more than ordinary distress in the country , and
asks—How can any man with 0 s . or even 7 s . per week —and there are hundreds of labouring men workin " for 8 d . per day—get a sufficiency , of ibod ? Potatoes in this town are 8 d . per stone-they are now considered a luxury by the poor . Oatmeal is on the advance , and the purchasing of a few stone would exhaust all his wages ; then there is rent , which is exacted / weekly , with additional rigour , for the landlord dreads the famine prices as much as the poor labouring tenant .. We are glibly informed , that there never was more food in the countrv—more corn in
store ! It is of thisthat we complain—that in the midst of plenty , so much distress should exist in this unfortunate country . The staple food of the Irish ( potatoes ) has failed , and the low rate of wages paid the labouring classes precludes them from obtaining a sufficiency of bread or other food . Oatmeal , Indian corn , die , are on the advance ; , the prospect before the poor is getting more gloomy , three long months must intervene before the new potatoe crop can conii ; into the market ; and in the name of an all-wise Providencc are the poor to be allowed to sufier all the nceumulatiug horrors of privation ?"
In the mean time large supplies of Indian corn and meal continue to arrive at the Irish ports . The Cork papers announce the arrival in that port on Friday of the American packet ship Oam-lia , register 1 , 090 tons , with a cargo ( about . 25 , 000 bushels ) of Indian corn , and 10 , 000 barrels of meal . Monev alone is all that seems to be required to render perfect the precautionary measures of Government to counteract the evils of scarcity . emigration . The Woterfonl Chronicle of Monday gives returns of the number of passengers in the vessels which have left that port for America ; by which it appears that 2 , 162 persons have already emigrated , and that several emigrant shi ps have not yet sailed . In addition to this . tliree large vessels have sailed from Ross , containing , it is supposed , between the three some S 00 persons .
Destitution in Ireland . —On Monday two papers were issued as Parliamentary documents ( having been presented to the Legislature by command ) , showing the progress of destitution in Wand in ihe week ending on the Uth i . f . March , and in the week ending the 4 th of April inst . The first document lias reference to daily applications , and thy second to the applications for relief made in the cour se of the week . Frightful pictures of want appear in the weekly paper . The correspondents from the various baronies and parishes were , of course , excited in their communications isthry felt that want and death surrounded them , and they looked , to the mercy thoy sought to come through man , hence their application to Dublin Castle for timely succour ; their strong
expression , and the generous warmth of feeling they manifested in their appeals . No doubt the applications have been considered , and provision supplied in the most urgent cases . It would seem that subscriptions had commenced , that the p an mentioned by Government had been acted upon , and that funds were in the course of collection . It is to be hoped that such subscriptions have increased , and that those persons who can depict the beauties of the country will not forget the fact that human creatures are in a _ state of actual want . There is such a thing as giving and making the giver rich . The accounts in the weekly paper were from Ulster and Munster . There were four applications ) from Ulster . In one of the cases the complaint of sanity to the Scarcity
Commission ( as it is termed ) was couched in the following expressions;— " That hundreds of families have not provision sufficient for one day , and many others have not provisions for one month : requests that Government will send a supply of Indian meal to the district . " In the province of Munster the details of the several casus extend to twelve pages . The first case is thus set forth : — "Hundreds of people are at this moment reduced to absolute destitution from the want of food and employment ; famine audits frightful consequences are already at their doors . Several subscriptions have been raised , but are inadequate to the demands of distress . Calls upon the mercv of Government to interfere and send
down additional engineers before the evil is beyond cure . Requests Government will give an order for a few tons of Indian racal to keep down market prices and save fur seed the remnant of potatoes lelt . " There are not many instances given in the document of the progress of disease in the potatoes . In the county of Wexford the rot was said to be making rcpid progress . At Arran two justices , in their communications , declared , that " three hundred and forty individuals were utterly destitute , incapable of lab-ur ; they had not even fuel . " There are other accounts equally appalling . Perhaps some timely ssistance would prevent the famine pestilence from spreading to England . DuiiLix , April 20 .
THE l >» OVlSIO ! f RIOTS . Further details of the riots at Kilsheelan , between the counties of Tippc-rary and Waterford , a brief account of which is given above furnished by a Clonmel paper ( tke Couniuaion ) , which reached Dublin this morning . They are as follow ;—" Every precaution that could by possibility betaken was adopted on Tuesday night by our magistrates , Mr . W " . Kiall , Mr . IV . Ryan , ifnjor Shaw , and Captain Smith , in order to prevent , an attack on our town and its vicinity . At eight o ' clock all the special constables met at the Butter Weijjh-house , whore the roll was called over by Mr . \ V . Kiall , and thu different watches told off for the night . The night passed away peaceably , but early on Wednesiliiv morning nurd was sent in , that a second attack was
made on Tuberahvuna mills , close to the town . In a short time a party of the 1 st Royals and 33 rd depot , under the command of Major Galloway , accompanied by > Y . Kiall . Major Shaw , and our official sub-inspector of police , Mr . Fosbcrry . So furious was the attack that one ofthcpoliuein . in was coinprJleri to fire , but we learn without effect . Throughout the entire of Wcdn sday the troopiin ourgiirisun were und » r arms , ami the guard was continued in BiinC ! in- > tvest , neiiv the banks . The different Hour carts were escorted inio town by strong parties of ] ioliee ; anil tlnmj ;! i no nutuul outbreak was attempUd in the town , still the sirens were thronged with idle persons , and the iiiaffistraies were to be seen consult , ing and pausing to and fro , as il * something violent was anticipated . However , the day passed off quietly , and at
night the special constables again took charge of the town , unili'i' the superintendence of the local magistrates , but no violence was manifested . On Thursday morning , in consequence of information received by the magistrates they >\ ry prudently hud cars stationed in the barracks for the promjit conveyance of the troops in case of necessity ; and subsequent proceedings will show how very judicious and prudent ttu' . ir ai'i'a ' . igeiiK'iits wore . In sv short time an express arrived in town that an innnense mob was plundering the boats at Ivilshcelan , within four miles of this town , aud forthwith a party of the ooi'd got on thu cars and pr . ic- eded to the scene of outrage , together with n party of the 1 st ltoyal Dragoons , under command ol Major Galloway . Mr . J . Bagwell , Mr . W . Kiall , Majoi Shaw , and sub-inspector Fosberry accompanied thrni ami when within a short distance of the sccneofplutider , word reached them that the robbery going on was most
extensive . Mr . Fosberry and a mounted policeman mi . mediitely galloped on , and when they reached she spot , the scene which met their view is more easily imagined than described . An immense multitude were plundering the hoa-s ; a vast quantity of Indian corn , the property of Mr . Going , of Caber , was destroyed or made , off with , and a quantity of wheat , the property of Mr . T . Hughes , was also stolen and destroyed . The military quieUly came up aud a regular engagement took place . Stones wire living in all directions , several soldiers were struck ; Mr . Fosberry received a blow of a stone in the leg , and it was not until some time had elapsed that this lawluss rabble "Via - subdued , and thirteeen of them taken prisoners and brought into our gacfi . Nothing could exceed thu coolness of our magistrates , oflicers , and soldiers during this rencontre , anA we are happy to say that a portion of the wheat was retaken .
Since tha foregoing was in type , we have learned that 108 pigs , on their way from thcfairofFetfard to Carrickon-Suir , were seized at Tliomey . bridge by the country people , attdVearried off towitrds the foot of Slievnainaii mountain . We have also been informed that a vast number of persons are still watching for the boats laden with provisions , in the neighbourhood of Kilsheelan , wheiie the attack was made on Thursday . A letter from Carrick-on-Suir , of Friday ' s date says : — Yesterday there was a meeting of magistrates , gentlemen , and merchants , held in the Temperance-hall of this place , when the demands 6 f the people of getting Is . a day wages were yielded , and this morning 201 ) men vmset to work on the roads , under the direction of Captain
Food Riots In Carrick-On-Su1r. Cabuick-O...
feeble * , who has been hi 'efatigable In Ills cSei'tiOhi iO forward the intentions of the government and to direct the labour in soma useful channel , and accordingly , ha had selected the roads in the vicinity of the town , wliicft sre in a wretched state . Trifling as the increase of wages is , still I h . ok on this concession as lay ing the loundation for other demands , which you may rely on will §> ve rise to other outbreaks , which it will not be in the power of the small military force stationed here-to repress . t The intelligence from the west to-day is of a Terj Hnlavourabe character . In the district of Armagh * down , in the county of Galwav , distress is represented to prevail to a most alarming extent . Oner account says : — The people of the place have openly declared that it employment be not immediately given , they can no longer withstand the distress they are labouring under .
A meeting of the gentry has been held , and a peti * I tion for relief forwarded to the Irish government . One of the resolutions adopted on the occasion thus describes the prospects of the poor as affected by the potatoe blight ;— Our parish was remarkable for its great and abundant crop of potatoes It was the storehouse of the summer supply to our neighbouring towns and wo may say county . But unhappily incur richest soil and best tilled crops the rot prevailed to the meat titrful extent , which leave * the pauper , who in other years wouldn't provisions on credit ^ , norrdcpnidenton a Benign government , anda very limited benefact ion of his neighbours .
3 HM 1 K xTierio . vs . The following appears- in the Atklone Sentinel : — We regret to iiif . > rn ;> t !» 2 public , Unit on Saturday last Mr . Cromie , accompanied by the sub-sheriff ot the county of Roscommon and u pu ; ty of tlw fch regiment , at present stationed in this garrimm ,. teo ' * possession , under an habere , of some property belonging to Lord Kihiiaine , at Ilrideswell , within four miles oS tliis tenn . We are surprised at this proceeding , taken in the mime of Lord Kilmaiiie , as it is not in unison with bis lordship ' s conduct elsewhere . Tlieie was no occasion for a muster of milir tary , as the behaviour of the people was remarkably quiet and exemplary , The' f ; . milr of one of the tenants dispossessed had held thtir larrn torneayly a century .
TBS SCaftClW . , In the town of Sli ? o , at this vorv mnmnnt , the laboumitt men and their families are snlfering want , in consequence of the deafness- of provisions , and the lack ot _ employment . We announce this appalling , fact with sorrow and anguish , bnt it is better it should be known at once . Some persons may suppose that we are exagcer . itin ? ihe real state of Sligo , because'they do not see men drop down upon the Hags with Inniucr ; but let them , make proper inquiries—let them -seek information-Iroin thoseable to give it . and they will lind that out tale is but too true . — S'igo t'kjmjiion . ¦ There arc about SOU t ' nmiliis niihmit food , or mean * of pio-juriiuj it , in and about Milium ' , mi the-Connaught side of it . —Gultvou VTuilieotor . ItKl'BAI , ASSOCIATION .
'lhe " rump" of the Repeal Association met today at Conciliation Hall . The "' stars" beiiu ; just now shinimi in another sphere , the atresia nee ' wm miserable in the extreme . A barrister ( Mr . Canglev ) was the chairman ; and the week ' s run . was declared ti ) be &\ M 11 . 7 d . —a sum not half snlHcient to pav the weekly salaries of the officials mid other c ¦ ntingent expenses—but still not altn » ether discouraging when it is borne in mind that the » rcat . bulk of the contributorsareat present in a state of actuals arvatiou and partial revolt , at least in the Miuthcrn provinces—the quarter ») f all others the most mompt hitherto to luspynd to the calls of the Repeal treasury . DREADFUL AND FATAL ACCIDENT AT CAS II EL .
An accident of a trul y painful anil fatal nature ntTiirivd here on Monday iifcht . Tin ; following nie 'he brief particulars . It appears that ab . ut four hundred persons , who had been employed at tempjrary work by the Relief Committee of the town , had assembled in theevening at the Old Town Hall in order to be paid , when one end of the room gave way and precipitated the unfortunate people into the room underneath . The confusion was awful , and the result is that two of the sufferers are since dead , forty more in hospital—the majority of whom are in a dangerous state—and about forty are confined to their own houses , all more or less injured . Several of the wretched creatures confined to the hospital cannot long survive . The unfortunate circumstance lias caused the greatest sensation here . The Roman Catholic Clergy and Town Commissioners have been doing all they can to relieve the sufferers and their families . The town is quiet , although the distress , is awful .
Comstponuewe*
Comstponuewe *
To Tub Editor Op The-Northern Star. Siu,...
TO TUB EDITOR OP THE-NORTHERN STAR . Siu , —As you seem to be the friend of the working man , I hope you will spare a corner of your paper for the following' facts , which have occurred here of late ; In the month of December last , the Union of House Carpen . ters and Joiners sent a circular to the employers , here asking a rise of wages at the first of March , and wishing to meet with them to settle , the amount of advance . However , the employers took no notice of this circular , and when the first of March came , the men made a demand of three thillings of ndranee a week , which was with one exception , refused ; upon this , the men in two of the shops struck work until they could get the terms that they wanted . The rest of the men came forward
upon the next pay night , and subscribed as much as paid the wages of those who had left their work . The employers , to the number of sixteen ( in fact all the principal , with one exception ) , then resolved that they wtuld keep ao man in thoir employment wh *> was a member of the union . Accordingly , on the following pay night , they put the question to their workmen . Arc you a member of the union ? and upon being told that they were , they said we can employ you no longer than next week , unless you drop this union . However , the most of the men left their work next day , thinking that as they never got any warning before , they could not be asked to work » week ' s warning at this time to their own detriment . The employers immediately came before the public , and said
that the men had all struck , when the plain fact was , they were paid off . Not i » ntent , however , with discharging the men from their own employment , several of them used their influence , and in two or three cases successfully , to procure the dismissal of several individuals vilio had got employment elsewhere , and this , too , in the face ot their published resolution , to use nothing but r « jsouubte and fair moans to eftuct their purpo > e . Now , these men who can and who hare thus used their fellow men whom Nature lias placed in the scale of worldly means a little loner than themselves , arc , most of them , great sticklers for free trade , and have subscribed to funds for obtaining it , but it is only free trad * as far as they are the purchasers , that they seem to act upon .
Ir ' or six weeks the men have gone idle rather than compromise their principles , and the masters seeming to think that downright oppression will not gain their point , they havo had recourse to rather aloiv action to effect their purpose . They sent word to the woikmeu ( at least one firm , Messrs . James Buyers and Co ., } that if they would only change the name of the union to some other thing , they ( J . 11 . and Co . ) would take back their workmen . Thinking that they had honourable men to deal with , this was acceded to , and the men returned to their work last Thursday , On Thursday night , however , Messrs . Buyers came forward with a document , which they wisl . ed their men to sign , declaring that the subscribers were not , and iwvvv would be , members ot any combination , h . n'imr lor . ti intentions tne purposes " 1 u trades' union . Tne men tindily thou-ul' i ;~ dupid , immediately left their work , ami are in the same otitic as
befoic , with little or no signs ot a settleim m in priispi . ee for them . The musters have us * d every in . aiih iiom cajoling to threatening to overturn the rrou . utiuii of the men—especially of the weaker of them—to abandon their fellow workmen , but witli no effect . Iuomlcr if they uonvidev that in thus acting they are setting a premium on immorality , for the man who could dtsilt his fc . loiv being in a strait , could be guilty of other things which society might think wot » c , but which , if looked at fair in the face , ai chut a variation of the same trespass from the patli of duty—namely , sellislmuss , t ; nd most of the employers who s > re acting in this manner are office beaiM's in the church—Dissentivs , too , some of them , the greater the pity . If they uho should be exauy . ' es toothers act in this manner , buying a man ' s honour for u paltry shilling or so , what can he expected of those who ate supposed to know less than ( bey do ?
As the press here refuse all communications except as advertisements , nhick arc rather cvpeiistre , I hope you will not rtfuse a coiner of your valuable paper to make . « ur case known . I am , sir , yours truly , An OrEEATiVE Joisek . Aberdeen , Apt it iSth . lSftf .
E.Miiii:A7iox.--Liustsunday, 290 German Emigrants Arrived In The Steamer, Attwood, From Rotterdam,
E . Miiii : A 7 iox .--LiustSunday , 290 German emigrants arrived in the steamer , Attwood , from Rotterdam ,
For The Purpose Of Embarking In The Amer...
for the purpose of embarking in the American liners for Ntw York . It is expected that 400 more will arrive this clay . The neighbourhood of the St . IC-ttharine ' s Ducks is crowded with strangers , wl . a pace the strtevs with long pipes in their mouths , and smoking with the stolid gravity so peculiar to the German race . SrissiKits . — Formerly , women were prohibited from marrying until they had spun a set of bed-furniture ; and , till their wedding , were , consequently , called spinsters , which continues to this day in all legal proceedings .
The Olokst Inhabitant . —There is a persouagR ia every town and village in England , known by the name ol" the Oldest Inhabitant , who is famous for not recollecting ; things , lie never remembers such whether , such a spring , such an autumu , Ac ; never beheld such crops ; had no place' within hisniunory for such a storm or a Hood . And everybody is astonished accordingly . Whereas , the proper ground of astonishment would be , that such an old age and memorv should go together : for the truth is , that being si ) old , he has lost \ ds memory ; not to mention * that pel-hat's ' » WW l »» U « iwch to beast ot .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 25, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_25041846/page/1/
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