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^ THE MEMBERS OT THE CHARTIST W GO-OPERA...
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•if Dear Friexbs,—You cannot look at the...
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ADDRESS OF THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC COMMUNI...
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAl-
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VOL. X, NO. 454- LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY ...
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HOUSE OF LORDS.—Fridat, Jult 17. THE ORE...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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^ The Members Ot The Chartist W Go-Opera...
^ THE MEMBERS OT THE CHARTIST W GO-OPERATIVE LAND ASSOCIATION :
•If Dear Friexbs,—You Cannot Look At The...
• if Dear Friexbs , —You cannot look at the re" ills of *' Association * ° * his week without com-• 10 the conclusion , that your confidence in the tfliJ P 1 an ^ ^^ * ° S * my lahours to a conrigjb ' e degree . It would be utterly impossible to tne that
j fscri & e to Jon responsibility I now begin jjtach to myself as the founder of the Association , 3 j 5 the person to whom you look for the realiza-. j « j 0 f the hopes held out to you . I know not to what rjg , fo ascribe the enormous amount of money that ^ recently come in ; some would attribute it to . ^ profit made by the sale of Carpender ' sFarm , and ^ to the fame of the Herriugsjate Cottages , _ iich is being so extensively circulated .
I have been occupied , this week , in inspecting jjore I ^ dj tta ^ * fiaTe this moment offered £ 14 , 000 for an Estate , about which I am to receive an answer g speedily as possible . There is one thing that 1 ^ h to remind you of—it is this , that the fact of jot having land in possession does not at all affect fte ballot ; nor will it postpone our operations by ju liour ; and for this reason—we were not to get josse ssion of Carpender ' s Farm till the 29 th September ; nor can we , at this time of year , when tfs lan & s are cropped , get possession of any Im d until September . So that not an hour fas been lost ; as I am now in treatv
jbont four farms , of which I must not tell jonthe situations , lest , as I before stated , the price py be raised ; of this , however , you maybe assured , fiat the land you will have ; and that , in fact , we are sow in a situation to purchase tea very large amount . Yon will see by my balance sheet that the society g bow in a more Aowishh gstate than we had hoped to have seen it in ten years . The opposition of our enemies has and as much as anything else , tended to $ at result . Besides the ballot for as many members is 130 acres , the quantity contained in Carpender ' s , mil locate , the ballot will also take place for Herjiogsgate Farm—that Is , for the respective allotments flat will fall to those who have drawn prizes .
It is not at all unlikely that I shall shortl y be called saee more into the field of political agitation , and , wbUe engaged in that pursuit , you may rest assured that I shall not forget the Land . It is all important jiflt we should act in perfect harmony when the jang le comes , and the policy that I propose is , DEATH TO WHIGGERY under any circumstances ; g , if you feel like me , yon will shudder at the prosit of such a coalition-government as Russell , . j'Connell , and the Times , with the Malthusian princ e to enlist the sympathy and support of the free hide and speculating interests .
There are no lengths to which Russell wiH not go to retain power , at which O'Connell will stop to rekin patronage , and that the Times will not go to genre the unopposed return for Berkshire , and a banaetcy for John "Walter . Those are ? the conditions spon which the co-operation of O'Connell and the Times has been secured , the old mode of "Whi g government—bribery and corruption . The Times is already feeling its way backward , from the conviction , that , even its own prostitution and O'ConnelTs »> aality , are not sufficient to sustain the weight of Russell ' s incompetency and delinquency . If we en beat the "Whigs this time , which we assuredly wlL we shall hare laid the foundation for a fusion
of Chartists and Liberals ; but if we allow this TThig-O'Connell dodge to succeed , we shall be thrown lack immeasurably in our course . I have so much fe do that I am obliged to confine my answers to correspondents within a very narrow compass ; gad , in answer to the people of Leeds , Halifax , and Eeighley , I can only say , that I am engaged s . Bradford for Monday , the 3 rd of August , at HwHersMd on Tuesday , and that I must bold myself engaged to attend the principal meeting intended to be convened by the people of Leeds , dining the sitting of the Convention , and , therefore , I cannot make any engagement until I know the day upon which the Leeds demonstration is to take place . The great demand upon our columns this
• wees compels me to be brief , and compels the Editor to exclude a considerable portion of matter . 1 must , therefore , conclude , with the expression of my jatsficafioi ) , at the state of preparedness in which the Chartist par ty is to oppose the old enemy . It was impossible for me to devote a moment of this "seek to the arrangement of my speech at Notfingham . I hope to have more time nest week .
I remain , Your faithful friend and bailiff , Teaugvs O'Coxxob .
Address Of The German Democratic Communi...
ADDRESS OF THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC COMMUNISTS OF BRUSSELS TO MR . FEARGUS O'CONNOR .
S 12 . —We embrace the occasion of yonr splendid success at the Nottingham election to congratulate yon , and through you the English Chartists , on this ilgnal victory . "We consider the defeat of a Free-Trade minister at the show of hands by an enormous Chartist majority , and at the very time , too , when Free-Trade principles are triumphant in the Legislature , we consider this , Sir , as a sign that the working classes of England are "very well aware o the position they have to take after the triumph of Free-Trade . We conclude from this fact that tliey
know very well that now , when the middle classes have carrie-l their chief measure , when they have only to replace the present weak go-between cabinet by an energetical , really middle-class ministry , in order to he the acknowledged ruling class of your country-, that now the great struggle of capital and labour , of Uurgeois and proletarian , must come to a decision . The ground is now cleared by the retreat of the landed aristocracy from the contest ; middle class and working class are the only classes betwixt
whom there can be a * possible struggle . The contending parties have their respective battle cries forced npon them by their interests and mutual position : —the middle class—" extension of commerce by any means whatsoever , and a ministry of Lancashire cotton-lords to carry this out : " the worbing class—" a democratic , reconstruction of the Constitution upon the hasis of the People's Charter , " by which the working class will become the ruling class of England . We rejoice to see the English
working men fully aware of this altered state of parties ; of the new period Chartist agitation has « otcred into ; with the final defeat of the third party , the aristocracy ; of the prominent position which Chartism -henceforth will and must occupy , in spite of the " conspiracy of silence" of the middle class press ; and finally , of the new task , which by these w circumstances has devolved upon them . That they are quite aware of this tast is proved by their intention to go to the pott at the nest general flection .
We hare to congratulate you , Sir , in particular , npon yonr brilliant speech at the Nottingham election , and the striking delineation given in it of the contrast between working class democracy and aiiddie class liberalism . We con-ratulate yon besides on the unanimons 'ote of confidence in you , spontaneous passed by the whole Chartist body on the occasion of Thomas Cooper , the would-bs respectables calumnies . The
Chartist party cannot but profit by the exclusion of such disguised bourgeois , who , while they show off with the name of Chartist for popularity's sake , strive to insinuate themselves into the favour of the middle cla & ses by personal flattery of their literary representatives , ( such as the Countessof lilessington , Charles Dickens , D . Jerrold . and other "friends " of Cooper ' s , ) and by propounding such base and infamous old women ' s doctrines as that of " non-resistance . " Lastly , Sir , we hare to thank you and your coadjutors for the noble and enlightened manner in
Address Of The German Democratic Communi...
which the Northern Star is conducted . We hesitate not a moment in declaring that the Star is the only English newspaper , ( saye , perhaps , the People ' s Journal , which we know from the Star only , ) which knows the real state of parties in England ; which is really and essentially democratic ; which is free from national and religious prejudice ; which sympathises with the democrats and working men (
nowa-daysthe two are almost the same , ) ah * over the world . ; which in all these points speaks the mind of the English working class , and therefore is the only English paper really worth reading for the continental democrats . We hereby declare that we shall do everything in our power to extend the circulation of the X > rdem Star on the continent , and to have extracts from it translated in as many continental papers as possible .
We beg to express these sentiments , Sir , as the acknowledged representatives of many of the German communists in Germany , for all their relations with foreign democrats . M For the German Democratic Communists of Brussels . The Committee , Ehgs & s , Ph . Gigot , Marx . Brussels . July 17 th . 18 jfi .
And National Trades' Journal-
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAl-
Vol. X, No. 454- London, Saturday, July ...
VOL . X , NO . 454- LONDON , SATURDAY , JULY 25 , ~ I 846 ~~ " 1 ^ 1 ™™^^" ¦ i ¦ ¦¦ - ¦ - .-- - . i * -. > lre SMIHngotBwa Sixpence per Quarter
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House Of Lords.—Fridat, Jult 17. The Ore...
HOUSE OF LORDS . —Fridat , Jult 17 . THE OREGON QUESTION . The Marquis of LANSDOWNE rose and said , — My lords , I have great satisfaction in laying npon your lordships' table , by command of her Majesty , the copy of treaty which has been concluded between her Majesty and the United States of America for the settlement of the Oregon question , and I have still further satisfaction in having to acquaint your lordships that the ratifications of this treaty have been exchanged this day . ( Hear , hear . ) The Annuity Bills of Lord Hardinge and Lord Gongh were read a third time and passed . LordDiLuousiE moved the resolutions for the settlement of the railway gauge question , which were eventually agreed to .
HOUSE OF COMMONS .-Fan > AT , Jolt 17 . Mr . Bhoihebios moved the third reading of the
STOCKPORT IMPROVEMENT BILL . Mr . T , Dcxcohbe presented a petit ! in from Stockport by 3 , 795 rate-payers , against this bill , and said that he would oppose the third reading . He would try to reject the bill on its third reading , and if he failed in that , he would propose amendments , on which he would take the senseof the house . By this bill the powers and liberties vested in the rate-payers of Stockport would be taken away from them . The rate-payers were not consulted on this matter ; they never allowed a railway bill to pass the third reading without consulting the shareholders . On the same
principle the rate-payers of Stockport shonld be cmsuited . He promised to support the bill , if it was found , after a public meeting was held by the Mayer of Stockport , that the rate-payers were in its favour . He knew , however , that the promoters of the bill were afraid to face public opinion . He would ask , then , would the house pass this bill , which was for the increase of the private property of a few individuals belonging to the town council , and for the plunder of the poorer rate-payers . He objected to the 67 th clause , which did not provide for the ventilation of the cellars now in existence , but of those which should be bnilt after this day .
After a short discussion , the debate was adjourned for a fortnight .
THE OREGON TREATY . Lord Palmerstox presented the Oregon treaty , the ratification of which he stated , had been that day exchanged . In reply to Lord Cure , Sir George Gbet stated that he would introduce a supplemental bill tor the enclosure of such lands as the Inclosure Commissioners should'report to be ready .
EDUCATION . On the order of the day for going into committee of supply , Mr . Ewart brought forward a string of resolutions on the subject of education— "That it is expedient that an « acmril statement on the state and prosperity of education be made by a responsible Minister of the Crown ; lhatit is expedient that the formation of additional training schools for schoolmasters be encouraged ; that it is expedient to encourage the formation of public libraries , freely open to the public in large towns ; that it is expedient that appointments to the subordinate offices of government be mide , as far as possible , on the principle of open-examination of the respective qualifications of the candidates . " Mr . Heme thought the time come when Government ought to adopt that system of instruction which had proved so useful in Ireland , and which was so triumphant on the continent .
Mr . Warbobios and Mr . Williams spoke in favour of Mr . Ewart's resolution . Lord J . Russell said he had no hesitation in admitting that application tor votes of grants for educational purposes should he always accompanied with that information contemplated by Mr . Ewart ' s first resolution . But England , did not offer the same facilities for the establishment of a national system ol education as other countries . __ Much , had already been done by private and public associations , and ii
any general plan of education were adopted , it would be found that much jealousy would arise on the part of these associations , and would diminish the success of their benevolent labours . But he could not conceal from the house , that for many yearshe had been impressed with the conviction that , after all the efforts of the Church , of Dissenters , and of other persons , both in high and low stations , the amount of ignorance existing was fearful . The noble lord concluded by promising to give thissubject his gravest consideration .
After remarks from Lord John Manners , Dr . Bowring and Mr . Estcourt and Mr . Hindley , Mr . Ewart ' s resolutions were withdrawn , and the house went into committee of supply , and several miscellaneous votes were taken . The house adjourned at oneo ' aioak .
HOUSE OF LORDS .-Mokdat , Juh 20 . The House met at five o ' clock . The Earl of Powis having presented a great many petitions against the nnion of the sees-of Bangor and St . Asaph , moved the second reading of the Bill to repeal so much of the Act as presided lor the union of those sees . The Marquis of Laxsdow . ne resisted the motion , and moved as an amendment that the Bill be « -ead a second time that day three months . He was not prepared , having been only fifteen days in office , to give an opinion as to the expediency of creating
additional bishopric * , or whether another order ef bishops , not having seats in their Lordships' House , should be established . It was too serious a matter to give a hasty opinion upon , but in reference to ihe bill then beforethe House , he felt bound to say " No " to it ; at the same time he did not wish to be understood as giving a decided negative to the consideration of the subject at a future period . The Bishop of Losbojj declined voting either for or against the bill The Bishops of EangOr , Salisbury , Oxford , and Lord Eldon supported it ; Lord Vivian , Lord Stanley , the Bishop of Norwich , and Earl Grey opposed it
. . , , Their Lordthips divided . For the second read in ?;— „ o
Coctents *& Non-contents : - — " . „ Majority in favour of the bill — —i 0 No proxies were called for . , The Marquis of Ljlnsdowne then announced taat he would offer no further opposition to the bill , although his opinion still remained unchanged against its expediency . Their Lordships adjourned at half past ten o'clock . HOUSE OF COMMONS .-Mondat , Jw The Speaker took the chair shortly before four o'clock .
NEW MEMBERS . Mr . C . "Duller was introduced by Colonel Fox nnd Captain Mangles , and took the oaths and his seat for Liskeard . Colonel Anson was introduced by "Viscount Ebrington and Mr ; Tufnell , aud took the oaths aud his scut for South Staffordshire . Mr . O'Conxell entered the House shortly before four o ' clock , and took his seat on the Ministerial touches .
House Of Lords.—Fridat, Jult 17. The Ore...
Sir Robert Pkkl entered the House , leaning on a stick ; the right hon . gentleman seems to suffer considerably from the accident which has befallen him-He took his seat between Sir James Graham arid the ex-Chancellor of the Exchequer . . ... > ..
DEATH FROM FLOGGING IN THE ARMY / Dr . BowaiNG rose pursuant to notice , to inquire o ! the Secretary at War , whether his attention hail been called to the case of Frderick White , a private in the 7 th Royal Hussars , whose death was reported to have been caused by severe military floggirigi and whether any steps had been taken in consequence f Mr . Fox Maura said that he was glad that the Hon . Member had brought the subject forward . The facts of the case were simply these : —Frederick White , the subject of the Hon . Member ' s motion , was a private in the 7 th Hussars . He had been guilty of one of the grossest acts of military insubordination of which a soldier could be ettilty . While in the
performance of his duty he had struck a non-commissioned officer violently with a heavy poker , and had not the officer perceived the intention of the culprit , he would have received a most severe wound , if not have been killed . He was , however , knocked down by the blow . For this crime he was tried on the 13 th of June , by a Court-martial , and sentenced to receive the military punishment of 150 lashes ; that sentence was afterwards confirmed by his Grace the Duke of Wellington , and on the 15 th of June the sentence was carried into , effect . And hejnight state the course which was pursued in the army with respect to soldiers sentenced to be flogged ; it was this : —whenever a soldier was sentenced to receive punishment by court martial a certificate , signed by tne surgeon of the
regiment , was sent to the War-office , stating that the person was in a fair state to undergo punishment , so that it might not be carried into effect unless be were in a proper state of health . On the 15 th ol June , as he had stated , the punishment was carried into effect : and so far from any interference hav ins taken place by the surgeon of the regiment by desiring the man to be taken down , and that the commanding officer had refused to do so , he begged distinctly to state that there was ho interferencecither on the part of tbe surgeon or commanding officer . After receiving punishment the man was taken to the hospital in the usual manner , where he was visited , according to the practice in the army , by the commanding officer every day . After
remaining in the hospital some time he was reported convalescent , and so far recovered as to have been actively engaged in " fatigue duties . " He was visited by the surgeon and commanding officer , who stated that in two days the man would be fit forduty . On the 16 th of July Colonel Whyte received information that the man was dangerously ill . He immediately visited . him in the hospital , and under the circumstances he desired Dr . Warren , the surgeon ot the regiment , to report his case " immediately to Sir James Macgregor , in order that further advice might be sent down ; but in two days afterwards the man died , and a post mortem examination was immediately made of his body , not only by the surgeon of the regiment , but by two other medical officers deputed by the Horse Guards and that examination had satisfied the public that the death of the man had not been
caused by the punishment inflicted on him . lit understood further that the medical officer appointed by the Coroner , was of the same opinion . He haci but one other observation to add . The public seemed much horrified at a statement which had gone abroad , that the skin on the back of the individual had beei .-removed . Now this statement was incorrect , as thai skin was removed after death , for the purpose of proceeding with the post mortem examination . The subject was now in course of investigation by a Coroner ' s Jury , and he would at the present say no more . What he had said , however , would , perhaps , be considered enough to showUhat the case had been greatly exaggerated , and that the proprietors of newspaper * would always do well to make themselves masters ot the particulars of cases like these before they alarmed the public mind . —( Hear , hear . )
SUGAR DUTIES . —COMMITTEE OF WAY ? AND MEANS , The order of the day for resol vine the house into a Committee of Ways and means having been read , Lord John Russell moved a resolution to continue the present Sugar Duties for a month , and stated tlic substance of the resolution to be submitted for discussion on Friday next , for the permanent equalisation of these duties . He began his statement by remarking that if the Government were disposed to consider their own case , they ruight have - found plausible reasons in the late period of the session , their recent accession to office , the large fiscal alterations already made , and the complicated nature oi the sucir duties , for postponing the proposition of so
considerable a change as that they had resolved to submit to Parliament ; but , believing the interests ot the public , of trade , of commerce , and of the revenue , to be injured by the continuance of the existingsut-ar duties , they felt bound to bring forward a scheme for their permanent adjustment , lie proceeded to quote estimates of the probable produce of the current yeai from present sources , and fixed upon 230 , 000 tons as the nearest to the truth ; then he supposed the consumption to be about 250 , 000 , and contended that , with an increased price ot 6 s . the consumers hert would be tax-d to the amount of £ 1 , 500 , 000—a tax that would not in the least benefit tiie Exchequer . The Government , therefore , were disposed to propose that other foreign sugars should be admitted ii . to
the English market to supply this deficiency . But they were met with the objection , that by adroitt ng slave-produced sugars they would be encouragii . j ; slavery . The answer , however , to that was , that we placed no bar to the importation of tobacco , of cc ton , of copper , and other articles produced by slavt labour , and that , in fact , we neither carried into effect , nor pretended to carry into effect , the princi pie of refusing the produce of slavery . The Nobl-Lord referred to the statement put forth by the Anti-Slavery committee , condemning our great consumption of American cotton wool as a gross encouragement to slavery , and his Lordship declared that in his opinion it was nothing less than insanity to assert that wc should refuse to take their cotton ,
unless the United States of America should emancipate their whole slave population . However , we had already reduced the duties on the importation of cotton and copper . Wc had been obliged , not in the most honourable way , to refuse to Spain the right which she had by treaty of bringing in her produce on the footing of the most favoured nations ; and—a more fatal objection still to the argument against ihe admission of slave-produced sugar—the spirit of commerce had proved itself too strong for any restrictions that could be devised , because the employers of slave labour in Cuba and Brazil do continue to sell their sugars and obtain their profits by a circuitous mode , and therefore all the morality involved in the question was at an end . For thes
several reasons the Government held that the ground hitherto tak- — ¦ ' -e ^ r . cct to the admission of foreign sugars was untenable , Proceeding on the same principle as that proposed by the late Government , foreign sugars of all descriptions should be free to enter the British markets . But there were considerations connected with the . state of the West Indies which prevented this froo admission from being immediate . The West India Abolition Act . was a great change , by which the produce was reduced from four million cwts . to two millions and a half cwts . The £ 20 , 000 , 000 voted by way of compensation was neither complete nor adequate ; and , besides , the planters were prevented from obtaining free labour where it could be found . These reasons and considerations connected with revenue rendered it inexpedient to make the proposed change immediate . The scheme the Government proposed , there fore , was a complete withdrawal of the present pro
hibitory duty , a considerable reduction of the dilfe « rential duty , and then a slight change from year to year until all the duties , colonial and foreign , shcuhl be entirely equalised . That is—the existing prohibitory duty of 63 s . to be abolished ; all foreign Mus . covado sugars , without exception , to be admitted : it a duty of 21 s . up to the 5 th nf July . 1847 ; at 20 s . from July , 1847 to July 1848 ; at IS * , ( id . for thf next vear ; at 17 s . for the next ; at 15 s . Gd . for the year " ending July 1851 ; and from that period for- " ward that the duty of 14 s . _ should be paid on all Muscovado sugars alike , colonial and foreign . Such was bis scheme . He could not then consider the advantage of still further reducing the duty of 14 s ., Wcau- e he did not think it right to speculate on what would be expedient live years hence . The IS' ob ' ii-Lord advened to the claims of the colonies , and said he thought it would he safe to allow contracts t » »• . made at Sierra Leone lor a single year ; but he could not consent to allow contracts to be made in the
other parts ot Africa , where the British flag did not fly . lie calculated the difference between the import duty on colonial spirits and thu Excise duty on linj :-liyh spirits a : Is . Gd ., and said lie was willing toconfent to a reduction of this differential duty to Is . ; but he could not ennsf \\ i to make any change in respect to the admisMun of cloiiial spirits into Ireland or Scotland ; neither could he agree to admit molasses in '" breweries and distilleries . The colonists asked for the abolition of thcdifferc'itialduties which they paid at present in favour of the produce of thi country . , and he thought they were fairly entitled to that benefit—that , in fact , they should be enabled to buy their provisions in the cheapest markets . The
House Of Lords.—Fridat, Jult 17. The Ore...
government , ' therefore , proposed to introduce a Bill to empower the Crown to agree to any Bill the colonies might passabolwhing their differential duties . The whole system of those duties was vicious , and the circle which had already been broken should be completely destroyed . He appealed to those who defended "Protection , if it would be satisfactory to their constituents to say that they had kept up the principle only in this instance ? . For his own part he did not think it could be very consolatory to the British farmers to Ceil them , that though unsuccessful in preserving their Protection , the Protection of the colonist * , whereby the British farmers would be made to pay a hub price for tropical produce , had been maintained , i he nob e lord turned to the question of revenue , and haying shown , from the statements of the late
Chancellor of the Exchequer , that . there would be a deficiency in the year 1847-48 , of half a million , calcu-Mod that Under his proposed scale of sugar autles he would realise an increased sum of £ 725 . 000 ' ., which would thus more than cover the deficiency of next ye V" A ? , e looked on this plan as a permanent settlement , he proposed to found a bill upon the resolution , and thus avoid future annual discussions on the duties ; and in order to maintain the constitutional principle of annual discussion on some duties , he would endeavour to find out a substitute . In conclusion , he expressed his conviction that this measure would cause the mother country and the colonic ? to flourish more than ever , and his belief that , however short the duration of the present Ministry might be , ; their advent to office , shonld this scheme be adopted , would not be without great utility .
Mr , Goulburn said the proposed alterations were of such importance ^ that he , should forbear at present fronr > xpressing any opinion on them , but asked Lord John Russell whether , in the alteration which was intended to facilitate the introduction of certain articlesjnto the colonies , it was proposed to modify the navigation laws , and allow the articles in question tn be imported in foreign vessel ' s ? to which Lord J . Russbm , replied that , he did not contemplate any alteration in the navigation laws in that respect . Lord Georgk Bs ' ntikck intimated that he should not oppose the continuance of the sugar duties 'ill the oth September , but that heand his friends around him would oppose any scheme which removed protection from any class . His Lordship declared his intention resolutely to oppose the introduction of slave'abonr sugar .
Mr . Mofpatt made some inquiries respecting the detailg of the schedule of duties . In reply to which , the Chancellor of the Exchkquer explained , that the differential dutioson clayed sugar equal to refined , and on white Havanna sugar , would he adjusted on the principle of the present law , and that molasses would be admitted at 7 s . lOd , per cwt . Mr . Patrick M . Stewart stronsly urged the Governtnent to win over the West India interest , by allowing rum to come in at the same rate levied on British . Irish , and Scotch spirits ; and to allow molasses to be used in distillation . Mr , Bernal , Mr . Barkly , and Mr . Hume severally urged the Governmentto concede these two points , which , with an addition to free , labour , would very much tend to facilitate the settlement of the question .
Mr . H . Baillie complained that such an important measure sheuld be brought forward so late in the session . Mr . Eenley said , that by allowing slave-labour sujrar to come in , we should make a free trade in morals as well as in everythins else . Mr . Ricardo advocated the equalisation of the 'lulies without any delay . Mr . Wnkloy . Sir Robert Inglis , Colonel de Lacy Evans . Mr . A . Chapman , Lord Sandon , and Mr . Peter Borthwick , severally spoke , after which the house resumed , and the resolutions of Lnrd John Russell were ordered to be taken into consideration on Friday next .
FLOGGING IN THE NAVY . Mr . Williams brought on the motion of which he had previously given mitice , as to doing away with Hoggins in the navy . He also called attention to the manner in which cnirt-martials were conducted in that department of the service . In the British navy , according to the present system , there was no appeal to any other tribunal . That he considered wrong . Jn the army there was an appeal to a civil tribunal , should the party think himself aggrieved , but for the poor soilortbcre seemed to be no such remuneratior held out . That was a system he should like to sei remedied . In-. the ' army the " lashes were pivei with a small enrd itnd very often administered by a drummer-hoy , but it was quite otherwise in the navy , the punishment , there being inflicted with a thick cord , and by the stoutest man in the shin , and he had been informed , that so
severe was the punishment , that Wood flowed from every poro after the first lash . He earnestly trusted that public attention would be aroused on behalf » i these unfortunate men , who enjoyed no trial by jury , and even too frequently also without a just judge . In the American navy corporal punishment was a s » reat rarity , and it was never administered without the authority of a conrtmartial . Who were the men who manned the American navy but our best seamen ? TV Gallant Officer , the Member for Marylebnne , admitted that our navy was manned with very inferior seamen . ( Hear , hear , from Sir 0 . Napifir . ) flow could it be expected that the host men would be attracted to our navy while the existing system of ounisliment was maintained ? Unless flogging was abolished it would be impossible to man our shins properly without the aid of the press gang . He earnestly trusted that he would never have occasion to bring this subject under the notice of the House
again . Mr . Wakd said that as the present Board of Admiralty was only constituted on Monday last , he must inform the Hon . Gentleman that this subject bad not yet come in any way before them . Without inducing any false hopes on the subject , he ( Mr . Ward ) must say there could not be a greater corse to the navy than a system of arbitrary punishment . ( Hear , hear . ) In practice , however , the navy kept pace with the softening advance of the civil code . He had collected snme facts which strongly illustrated this . He would not now . however , occupy the time of the house with any elaborate details , but simply confine himself to a statement of the results of two years . In 1839 , ' when only 34 , 000 seamen were employed , the corporal punishments amounted to 2 , 000 . In 1845 , when 40 , 000 men were employed , the punishments were only 1 , 200 . ( Hear , hear . ) lie had seen the general instructions issued by Sir William Parker and other officers , which showed that there was every disposition to carry out a milder system .
A discussion followed , in which Mr . Hume , Sir C . Napier , Admiral Dundas , Captain Pechell , Mr . Trelawney , and Lord Ingestre , took part . Admiral Cockburn defended the present system . The motion was negatived without a division .
VAN DIEMAN'S LAND . Mr . Ewart moved . " That it is expedient that th « practice of making Van Dienmn ' s Land a gener receptacle for convicts should cease . That transpoi tation bo discontinued as a punishment , and bt maintained only as a supplement to the previous punishment of imprisonment . " The gre .-itest evils avoBofrom tho mixing of tho convicts with the free population . The number of convicts amounted to 34 . 000 , while- that of the free population was not more than 30 , 000 . The consequence was that they were in the greatest danger , and were not safe , either by day or night . He thought that criminals ought
to be punished by imprisonment in this country ,-nnd when liberated transmitted to a colony . There was an instance at Port Philio , in Australia , where the experiment was tried , and the convicts , after going through a reformatory discipline at Pentonville prison , they made a new character for themselves . That was the process which lie would recommend . The existinj ; system led to a state of things , in these penal settlements , which exhibited a degreo of immorality which could not even be listened to . Thin system was advocated in France , and lie hoped would be eventually adopted in this country , and he anticipated that the present Government would give their attention to the subject .
Sir Geoiiob Gkky said the subject haci been under the consideration of the late Government , and he must say that the statement of the stato of the colony was not exaggerated . It was not . wonderful when they considered , that four thousand convicts were annually transported to the colony . The Into Government , in order to check the evil , suspended the transportation of convicts to the colony for eighteen mouths . Measures were iindvsr consideration to moot the difficulty , and lie hoped some other system would be devised , which would enable them to
supersede the present . The second resolution-embraced ii wide range , aud he felt assured his hon . friend coulil I hardly expect that lie was in a position at present to express an opinion on it . Tho question of secondary punishments was one of great difficulty , to which the Government would direct its attention , with the view of devising a hettcr system , by adopting means to deter from crime , lie hoped the explanation he had given would bo satisfactory . After a short conversation , Mr . Kwarx briefly replied , and withdrew Lis motion .
COMMITTEE OF SUPPLY . The house then went into committee on the navj estimates , and adjourned at two o ' clock .
House Of Lords.—Fridat, Jult 17. The Ore...
HOUSE OP LORDS , Ttosdat , July 21 . The house met at 5 o ' clock . The-St . Asaph Bangor , and Manchester Dioceses Ml , on the motion of the Earl of Powis . passed through committee , and was ordered to be read a third time on Thursday . ¦
- ¦ SITES FOR BUILDING CHURCHES IN SCOTLAND . The Marquis of Bbbadaluanb presented a great many " petitions from persons belonging to tao Free Church of Scotland , complaining of the refusal of sites for their churches , and praying their Lordships to devise some-legislative means of affording them redress . The Marquis of Larsdowhe expressed a confident h » pe that no interference of Parliament would be necessary , and , at all events , he could not see how the Legislature could give these petitioners a right to take Rites for their churches independent of the will of the landlords . The Duke of BuectaucH eonld not see any reason for granting to the Free Church Dissenters powers which would be scouted if asked by the Established Chuw * . /
The conversation , after some explanations between the Marquis of Bbeadamawb and the Duke of Bpocusuch , relative to his Grace ' s refusal of sites , terminated , and the petitions were received .
THE SLAVE TRADE . Lord Brouoham gave notice that , on Friday next , he would submit a resolution to their lordships against the adoption of any measures which , directly or indirectly , were calculated to encourage the African slave trade . Their Lordships adjourned to Thursday . HOUSE OF COMMONS , Tuesday , Jolt 21 . The'Commons did not make a house , the requisite number of members not being present at four o ' clock HOUSE OF COMMONS—Wednesday , Jult 22 . The Spbakkr took tha chair at 12 o ' clock . Lord Moiipeth took the oaths and his seat for the West Riding of Yorkshire .
THE SUGAR DUTIES . Lord G . Bkwtinck said—Sir , I beg to give notice that , on the motion for your leaving the chair on Friday next , on the question of the suf » ar duties , it is my intention to move as an amendment , that , " In the present state of the depressed state of the sugar cultivation in our British East and West India possessions , the proposed reduction of duty upon foreign slave-grown sugar is alike , unjust and impolitic , as it tends to check the advance of production by British free labour , and gives an additional stimulus to the slave trade .
CHARITABLE TRUSTS BILL . - Sir G . Grey said , that as his hon . friend the member for Montrose had moved the first order or the day , the Charitable Trusts Bill he wished to say a few words on the subject . Last week the house had affirmed the principle of the Bill , being the accountability of parties managing these trusts to Parliament . He had received several communications sines the second ^ reading of the bill from parties interested in the subject , and those parties made no objection to the principle of their accountability being acted upon ; but they made various suggestions on other points of such weight and importance that they would require time for consideration . . The Lord Chancellor had under his consideration a more general measure than the one submitted to the house by his hon . friend the member for Montrose He hoped that as the house had recognised the
principle of the bill introduced by his lion , friend , be would be induced , at that late period of the session , and the great importance of the measure to postpone it for the present session , in order that the whole subject might be fully considered and brought forward early in the session ensuing . Mr . Hume said that the object which the Government had in view would meet his views upon the subject . The time would come when the discussion on this question would occupy the attention of the house more than it had done , and he would therefore , without hesitation , leave the bill for next Wcdnes day , and by that time he hoped to see in the Government a disposition which would induce him to irfve it up altogether . He begged to move that Unorder of the day be postponed to "Wednesday next . After a few fords from Mr . Stafford O'Brion , Mr . B . Escott . Mr . Brotherton , and Mr . Newdigate , the Bill was then postponed till Wednesday next .
LANDS AND COMPANIES' CLAUSES CONSOLIDATION BILL . On the motion for the second reading of the Lands " and Companies' Clauses consolidation Bill being read , Mr . MiiiNER Gjdson said , that the House should not affirm the principle of the Bill , at least until they were in possession of the evidence taken before the Committee now sitting , and of which the Hon . Member for Inverness was Chairman , and until they had received its report , it would be premature to take into consideration the Bill , as introduced by the Hon . Member for Paisley . Several members opposed the Bill , and Mr . Hastie ultimately withdrew it .
• ART UNIONS BILL . Mr . Wtsf , before the House went into Committee on this Bill , presented several petitions from artists and others , praying it may pass . Mr . Wyse , in Commute on the Bill , intimated that he did not mean to proposcanymateri . il alteration of the clauses . Mr . Gouluurn did not ffi-. ii to offer any vexatious opposition , but ho thought the Bill held out a system of gamblinsr at variavice with the law on that subject . Sir R . Inglis opposed the Bill , and Mr . Ewart supported it . Sir Gkorob Ghev said the objection that it would encourage gambling in various trades , could he _ met by an amendment prepared by his Learned Friend , the Attorney-General .
Colonel Sumioue supported the Bill . It was difficult at the present day to define what is gambling . Transactions at the Stock and Corn Exchange might ho called gambiinu , and lie could not help thinking Ministerial engagements weregamblinir . ( Laughter . ) Mr . Hume spoke in favour of the measure . _ 'IJie . v were "told some time a-io that the people in this country did not care about pictures . Let those who said so , go to Hampton Court any morning , and they would not only see the galleries crowded with spectators , but hear the striking remarks made by the working classes , -which proved how much they \ ie « delighted and improved by exhibitions of these works of art .
After some desultory conversation , the clauses ot the Bill , with some verbal amendments , were agreed to , the House then resumed , and tho report wa * brought up , and ordered to be further considered on Wednesday next , Mr . Goulburn declaring his determination" of opposing the further progress ot the
measure . . , _ . Mr . RuTHERFOitn , the newly Appointed nord Advocate , was introduced by Sir George Grey , and the Attorney-General , and took the oaths , and his seat-Oil being re-elot'tcd for tho Borough of Leith . DEATHS BY ACCIDENT COMPENSATION BILL . On the order of the davbeinjc read for eoing into . Cnmmitibo 011 tho Pcatll & by Accident Compensation Bill , , . , . . , .. , Mr . TnassiOF . il having explained-minutely the Jaw as it at present exists respecting actions brought against persons , who by neglect or default may have caused injuries to other parties , proceeded to observe that he never saw a Bill moro clumsily framed than
the present , and called the attention of the House to some of the difficulties which presented themselves The facts to which these remarks particularly referred , were those respecting the bringing of actions by tho executors and administrators ot the person destroyed by an accident ) carelessly c aused , aud the uivisdon of the money received amongst the widow and children of the deceased . He was strongly ot opinion that ' tlie time had arrived when some measures should be adopted by winch the widow , children , or relations of a person hilled by an accident should have the . means of obtaining _ compensasustained his
tion for the great injury they had by death , if that death were brought about by . lie reckless or careless conduct of others . He would mcecst , in order to render the measure useful , that : hc widow of ancraon killed by the wrong act of another , should have the riget of bringing an action jv his executor or administrator , although his death ihoukl have been caused under circumstances which amounted to manslaughter , provided the action was brought within one year from the death ot such person , Tho measure before the house was insulacientto meet the objects they all had in view , namely , providing compensation for the members of families
of persons killed by accident . 'I ho lion , ami ucavneu Member concluded by suggesting that tho farllll'r progress of the Bill should be postponed for the present . Tho Attoiinky-Genkrai , expressed his obligation to his Hon . and Learned l-Vieml opposite for the suggestions he had thrown out , and tho ovii . eni consideration he had given to the clauses of the Bill . lie trusted that his Hon . Friend who had charge i . l the Bill would consent to the postponement of tuc measure for a few davs , and in the meantime gathet the opinions of Members respecting tho modihcat hv .. I and alterations they considered advisable to h . v made in the Bill ,
House Of Lords.—Fridat, Jult 17. The Ore...
Mr . BouvtRtK said tho Bill was similar in sub ^ stancoto oneJntroduced .. thi 8 . 8 eBsipn . intothe , other „]_ House ' of Parliament . He had no objection to post- *¦ : " pono the Bill for a week , in order that the proposed alterations might be made ia it . After a few wards from Lord Sawmw , fi , * J' HRAHAM Pointed out tho great difficulties in npir ^ i ? ? iB £ or what caused the death of ¦ R * ' accident , and who were the persona to sue frI „^ fiv " , afw " - . A «» Wentsto . a frightful extent V Ssl and inZ in lhe miDe 8 from the carsless . Sera mX ? \ notfrom the . netdeet of the miners . Who , in such a case , oueht . f « tfMMwnnm .. '
TnW Zrl a P / T £ $ " * their relatives ? S ^^ TLSjt ' , J ffacult . « *»« way which h * conceived could not be easil y overcome . Be would be glad to hear the opinion of the Lord Advocate ' with respect to the working of the law in Scotland . 1 he Lord Advocate said he conceived that it was ¦ ' not intended by the bill to alter the ground of liability ; all that was intended was , that the fact of heath having occurred , should not destroy the liability . Under the Scotch law , the parties entitled ! to * recover , were very numerous . Actions had bean , brought by widows , by children , by parents , ; by brc' -:- ¦> tilers , and by sisters , but no j ury , thatrW ever heard ) of , had listened to the claims of distant ; 'relations , of
pa rties living abroad , or deriving no-benefits frorov the deceased . In Scotland , both wnlow and children were entitled to recover in seperaSeactions ; an , ' executor might ask for seperate damages- for both widow and ' children r and , ifin this country only on © V recovery- was to be suffered , he thought the jury v should be required to apportion the damages-betweea V the widow and the children . ^ Mr . Wakdby thought a great deal of useful information had bean elicited , and was glad to flild that there was ageneral ; disposition to legislate upon ihi » subject . But in its present shape , he could nofe give his consent to this- bill . It was most ? crude , most carelessly drawn , an * in parts perfectly nonsensical . # In its principle he entirely concurred ; he knew instances of great hardship ; he knew one *
where the death of a husband in prosperou &« ircum ~ atances had Ikft a family m utter destitution ; ; : ifr was monstrous that there- should be no compensation to a family deprived in such a way , by the culpable negligence of others , of their only pro * tector . Under the present system , even if a coroner ' s jury gaveaideodand , it vraa' almost impoBsibhy to recover it . & case hadi occurred on the Birmingham Railway , in which- a jury under hitm-had ' given £ 2 . 000 damaeos . He knew the ; difficulty *©?? drawing a deodand ; . and he- applied -to his solicitor ! . That gentleman drew the- inquisition . Knowings that if there was a flaw in ity it would be ascribed - to the medical coroner , " he consulted Sir Fn Thesiger upon the subject . Sir Frederick altered !
the draft , but he fMr . Wakley ) was not satisfiedw-He went to Sir Thomas Wildev " Tell me , " said > he , " who is the best lawyer to pick a hole in aninquisition ? " Aften considering some time , Siff > Thomas Wilde named two—Mr . Serjeant Stephen and Mr . Peacock . " Which shall I goto ? " "Mr .. Serjeant Stephen for choice . "' ( A laugh . ) Me . Serjeant Stephen bad the inquisition under his consideration for 48 hours , and then reported that it " wOuld hold water . " It went into the Court of ' Queen ' s Bench , and there it was treated as perfectly worthless , and the Birmingham Railway Com « pany never paid a farthing . ( Laughter . ) He mentioned this to show how carefully they ought to legislate upon the subject , when all the lawyers in
England were unable now to recover a decdnnd that a jury had ordered te be levied . Sir G . Gasr observed that , after the graphic and amusing account given by the hon . member of the operation of the law of deodands , he thought it would be impossible to enrich the . subject by any further observations . lie hoped the house would consent to refer this subject to a select committee , by which its details might be considered , and whose report upon the matter would , he hoped , be so framed as to enable a general measure to be brought in which should meet with the general acquiescence of the house ; . The bill was then postponed an til Monday .
BATHS AND WASHOUSES BILL . Mr- T . Duncombe presented a petition against it from certain proprietors of Baths in tho City-rowl , who complained that their interests would be affected . The house then went into committee , The various clauses were agree to , and the houso resumed . NEW WRIT . On the motion of Mr . Pahker , a new writ was ordered to issue for the borough of Dundalk , in the room of Mr . Rcddington , who since his election ha » accented the office of Under Secretary for Ireland .
SABBATH TRADING . Mr . C . IliNDLKY rose to introduce his bill uroa this subject . An Hon . Member , however , pointed out that there iVije not 40 members present , and upon the housebeing counted , twenty members only being present , -, the house adjourned . HOUSE OF LORDS , Thursday , July 23 ... THE CONFISCATIONS IN GALLICIA .. The Marquis of * Lmttdovtne wished to take this opportunity ot replying to a question put to him on a former day by the noble and learned lord ( Lord Brougham ) and which ho had delayed answering for the purpose of obtaining certain necessary information . He now beseed to state to his noble and
learned friend and to the house , that he had obtained this information . He had to state that there had , certainly , been no communication made on th « part of the Government of this country to the Government of Austria respecting those unfortunate u-nnscations—unfortunate in every respect—which had recently taken place in Gallicia . Though : no communication , there had however been obtained from time to time the most authentic information of the proceedings of tho Austrian Government , and he was happy to say that the last information so received led him to . think that there was , on the part of the Austrian Government , a disposition : to leniency on this subject , which in every way did tho highest honour to that Government .
and which , on every account , was most desirable , ([ fear , hear . ) He could further only say , that if that leniency soon took effect , more especially with regard to those unfortunate individuals who might : have involuntarily , or not intentionally , become accomplices , or who , from accidental circumstances , were suspected of taking a part which they had not taken in the insurrection , than he did . rely upon thecharacter of the Austrian Government , and its known mildness of rule , that no timfewould . be lost in doinu jurtice to those individuals ( hear ,. hear ); and he was sure , so far as it was compatible with the safety of the Government , that Isniency would be unaccompanied by any condition whieh . it would be unbecoming cither to the character or honour-of those individuals to accept . ( Hear , hear . )
Lord Brougham thought that nothing more , satisfactory could have been said-by the noble , niarquis . „ The St . Asaph , Bangor , and Manchester Diocese * Bill was read a third time . Several other bids were forwarded a stage , and the house adjourned . HOUSE OF -COMMONS—Thiuisday , July 23 ..
THE LEGISLATIVE- UNI 03 & Mr . 0 'Cokni-. li , gave notice , that earlyJn . the . next * session of Parliament he should lm-ve ihe . appoint-., ment of aseleet committee ta inquire into thuc-iiect ^ which the legislative union , had produced , upon . Iceland , not only as regarded the people , but theiasources of that country .
POOR REMOVAL BlIiLv On the motion that & e SpKAKi . R . leave . the . chair , for the pnrjosc of comuiittin ^ the Poor Lav * Jxcmovai BilL . , , _ . _ _ . . Mr . Wobeiiousb ngM-a asked SlteC Gn . KY . tC . postpone this bill till ncxtssession , as the house coajit not proceed -with too mush caution o ; : a . subject oi such preat importance . Ke . made thjs . . request , an two ETOUndSr-tlW first , ** cstate of the sesMon ; , aiul the second , that the whole question .. <> f the P »; r Lay , » was to-be brought under the consideration oil aniament early in ihc course of next session-. To meet the contingency of a refusal cS-his requesfeby the Government , he would move th . 3 postponement ol the committee till that day six . months . MrHume sajonded the -aiotiou .
. Mr . Broth ^ itox wishc . ltiva house tayemark th . v no opposition , to this bili came from , the nianuvactaring interest . If it v . VJro postponedskt it be rsspllectcd that it was at tha request of l & c agricuiSiu at
members . , i ( . , , , Sir G . Ciarc was list prepared , or the part af the * Government , to postpone this bill , / or the season * which he . had statei . on a former « : v « n « s . -this bill WOUld la ? grt > UMl 3 for the favou ^ blu eonw . k-nuic . rt , of the whole question of settl-. mcnt ji > . the next session ,. „ . ' , . Colsnel Wood , considered the . bill to deserve mvsr . c diate : support , forU did justice to ths poor ami ro licvsd them hsm a dreadful iaw whieVwas atpsestnt ha , » ehig over them . set
Mr . B . IVskison considered the uiesmt law of -. tSemont to be a disgrace 10 the < x « aury . it was inhuman to remove a paiyier t ' ror « a town to -whose wealth his wages for many years had cuniributcd , to a part of the kingdom , iii which he was a stranger , and with which he had no otj ;« jr connexion save il ; . - > k of ticing born lhcri \ On . tbo other hand , this . n . i , if it wore now jwssed . weuhl throw an immense responsibility on i | io maiiuiacturing districts , lie was not averse to tho present bill , but he thought that its ought to ho accompanied by unoinaettlen » e » l 8 . Mica . an enactment-would , viottcn the blow which Uns t-iu would uiiduiibUHih h . iiict on the manufacturing
distn £ r ^ m - noscrw . , ^ V ^^ WhJvS atopped Vw short of tho boiieiit winch inisu , u . i \» been cimf \ . R-ed on the poor by a taring , >»»» . £ scrtleiur-ut . still he found hi every cj » ¦ 'V ' ^" XM P-Ib «/ which 1 . e ' - approved , ami heichi"J 0 0 not consent to . the postponement ot thecoma " vir on it . , , „ „ i ( Cmi - mcdtollx Ei < jhihIag » J \
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 25, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_25071846/page/1/
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