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Northern Star (1837-1852), 26th June 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 3, A War. Scbxb.—An officer describes the t...

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      Ttjse 26, W- The Star Of Freedom

      ttjse 26 , W- THE STAR OF FREEDOM

      ^^^ Our |Mmnifr*I* Por Trait Fcaltog.

      ^^^ OUR | MMNifr * i * por trait fcaltog .

      - «« (Josep H), Bora Iu Warsaw About The...

      - «« ( Josep h ) , bora iu Warsaw about the year SoT ni had an innate bent towards a military l ^ 'S SJS ** ultimate - ^ tition of J ? c f' TS in definite of a nat ional army-the ^ - service where he served with great distincrr 0 S £ ?! rha 3 a ' theoretically and practically accom-^ Jn rtillery officer , and an intrepid soldier , in a P"SS ; of horse artillery , and was decorated with the ¥ Xn military order , < Soar Ze wcnte , ' which , m K * Lvs at least , was most sparingly bestowed . ££ * «> a p 0 ^ 011 of * S 60 UQti : y * ? f f of tbe Grand * Duchy of Warsaw , restored , and S 3 n rional army organised , when the patriot Sowinski , funny difficulties and much delay , obtained at i fdie soufht for resignation , and hastened to enter ' p nationaf ranks as captain in a battery of horse * j -ii erv He was soon promoted to the rank of j- - and at the beginning of the Prussian cam-01 of 1812 , he was appointed commander of two iSeries of artillery . In this campaign he was

      de" ratcd—in reward for his skill and gaUantry—wun a , Polish military order , and that of tho Legion of TTonour . In the battle of Mozaisk he lost Ms right £ » bya cannon ball . After having been operated neon and obliged to remain in a hospital , he fell into lie hands of the Mascovlte aTm T P « soner of war ' Wo . in 1015 , the so-called Kingdom of Poland was matc hed " up by the congress of Vienna . , and a new Polish army organised , Sowinski returned from Eussk and was at once appointed director of the A rsenal of Construction , and afterwards director senoal of the materiel of Artillery , with the rank of lieutenant colonel . In 1821 , when a school for

      educating officers of artillery and engineers was established , Sowinski was intrusted with its command . He was soon promoted to the rank of full colonel , and decorated by the Emperor of Eussia with the St . Ann order of the 3 rd class with diamonds , as a recognition of hisablo and most satisfactory guidance of the above-mentioned school , which latter decoraiion he however cast aside , when afterwards he was not compelled to bear it . When , in 1830 , the Polish revolution , and , in 18 dl , the war for national liberty and independence against Prussian oppression broke out , all the pupils entered the ranks of the armv , and consequently the school was shut ap . Our patriotic veteran , though supported only by one leg , unhesitatingly offered himself to participate in the active service . He accordingly , after bavin ? been promoted to the rank of major

      general , was entrusted with the command of tho redoubt of Wola , being the key to the first line of defached fortifications around Warsaw . But alas . ' owni"to the treachery of the Polish < Gorgey , ' viz ., General Erukowictsko , then generalissimo , and at the game time President of the Government , the redouht , tang neither sufficiently garrisoned with troops , nor armed with the indispensable number of pieces of ordnance ( for , instead of twenty-five , only ten were placed on its ramparts ) , was carried by the Eussians in the first day of their attack upon Warsaw , viz ., the Gw September 1831 .

      , m At sun-rise the storming columns of the Eussians , amounting to about 12 , 000 men , supported by a hundred gnus , began the assault on the redoubt , and were thrice repulsed with considerable loss of life ; hntin this storm three pieces of ordnance were dismounted , so that only seven remained ; and the commander of artillery and a great number of artillerymen were slain . Sowinski was then obliged to perform , besides his duty of Commander-in-Chief , those ot surveying tbe artillery , nay , of pointing the

      guns ; and when two more officers of artillery , and many men were killed , the artillery fire entirely ceased- From this moment the Russian columns for the fourth time approached , and their riflemen , sustained by the fire of a formidably artillery , entered tie ditch , which was not even quite completed . The Woody contest had now lasted two hours , and the enemy twice escaladed the ramparts , and was twice repulsed into tho ditch . At last , at nine o'clock A . M ., when the ranks of the defenders were sadly thinned ,

      the enemy , emboldened by the weak resistance , again escaladed the ramparts , and now a frightful struggle with the bayonet ensued ; but tbo handful of defenders , reduced | from 1 , 600 to less than 900 , was obliged to yield , after a fight of three hours , to the superiority of twelve to one . It was already noon , when General Sowinski hearing a strong cannonade and musketry fire near the metropolis , thus addressed the garrison : —' Behold ! our brethren struggle for our rescue Let us make a new effort ! ' Meanwhile

      Sowinski , always at tho guns of the mam battery , though all the artillery-men were killed , employed those of the infantry to provide him with ammunition , and succeeded to sustain for some time the artillery fire from one gun , loading , pointing , and firing it himself entirely unaided . When at last the Hussions began to enter the interior of the redoubt , Sowinski , with a musket in his band , and followed by the infantry soldiers , endeavoured to repulse the enemy , but overwhelmed and surrounded by the Eussians , when invited by one of their officers to surrender , was stabbed to death by them , upon discharging his musket at the Russian officer and killing him , saying , ' Such is the way of surrender for a true ? ole fighting for his fatherland and liberty . *

      Soon after three o ' clock p . ~ n ., all tumult ceased , and a grave-like calm followed , only interrupted now and then by the throat-rattle of the dying men . The sanguinary struggle had lasted upwards of eight enfire hours . Thus fell the Polish patriot , who , during the eight last hours of his life , displayed the greatest heroism , and an unprecedented activity , almost supernatural for a man deprived of a leg , which he , nineteen years before , on the same day of the month , lost at Mozaisk and Russia , and who can with justice he reckoned among the martyrs for national freedom and . independence , of whom his martyr-nation has

      lhany hecatombs to produce . Sowinski was a handsome man . His face , one of the finest , exhibited the nobleness of his soul . He was five feet nine inches in hei ght , well proportioned , his Jj ttibs symetrical . His complexion was healthy ; his hairs ori ginally black , became silver-white from the pud year of his age . He was charitable , benevolent , and just towards everybody . His superiors paid him the greatest respect , and his inferiors loved him like a father . His amiability in private life gained him the hearts of all those who knew him ; to be in his society was considered a real enjoyment . Be was the most amiable of husbands , and bis con-Wrt , a highly accomplished lady , who waa the

      per-Souification of kindness and loveliness , contributed to tender his domestic life perfectly felicitous . ! Her Unabated love for her husband brought upon her , after bis death , the most atrocious persecution on the part of the Eussian government , which regarded the mere fact of her being the widow of a patriot like Sowinski as high treason , and , therefore , upon mere suspicion , or rather under the pretence of her having been in correspondence with a lady friend in exile , had her imprisoned twice in an old cloister , converted into a state prison , where she underwent corporal punishment . Of her death we have not heard , but there can be hardly any doubt that ere this she has found r fipose in the tomb .

      Sowinski was a thorough Democrat , not only by * ords , but by deeds . Always ready to render a service to hia fellow-creatures , and to assist suffering bumanity ; he also became a successful magnetiser , * ndmanya person was indebted for the recovery of ^ impaired health ( which no medical knowledge Could restore ) to his mesmeric exertions , to which he fo oted all the spare-time his many occupations fruited him . C . S .

      Jt V^O", Pictorial Representations, And ...

      jt V ^ O " , pictorial representations , and even historical works , j ^ npfive of the events of 1 S 30 and 1331 , have made Sowinski JjfcsV-efore the enemy into a church which -was encompassed in gredaubt , saying that be , there bravelyfigliting , expired , close to ta ft ^ ^ *^ ax ^ , s no 1 tnxa * fer ne ft ^> ** we tave ^^ ol nf x & 5 sPot where his presence was the most needed—namely , ^ 5 ramparts . The story of his dying at the foot of the altar , ^ . Kas very well in rhyme , hut for the sake of truth , and in , rr * uon of the hero ' s memory , we must deny it Death on tie j ' jr ^ rtsofafort , thoBgh perhaps not so poetical , is more dignifl »* i a hero ^ hting for Ms country ' s liberty than in any hiding i & in a su" * omj ev 8 r * ° y ' d sia * a , was not "active during the war . forgheperfonned ' "" a ni ght the service of a nurse in a military hospital .

      * «Llow , Named Saunders, Was Charged Wi...

      * « llow , named Saunders , was charged with fraudufc > o « L fP rerentulg himself to be , and acting aa , a police Woft launders had acted iu the Lambeth district , akJ 5 transacted police business with the force there , W * T 1 at Med that he was of tne P division » and two foEr m B lately sentenced , one to three and the other to h * te * ' . imprisonment on his evidence . All this time Hjijjj * ? but a discharged potman , lie stands re-

      * «Llow , Named Saunders, Was Charged Wi...

      THE COUNTESS OF RUDOLSTADT . [ . Sequel to « Consuelo . " ] Bt Gborob Band . « v l I i IBEarr » Equality , Fbaibbsiit . You extend your hand ! but upon what do you swear ?" Loon the image of Christ , which I see here . " " What is the Christ ?" ll ^ fw ^ ^^ Sht revealed to humanit y . " is that thought entire in the letter of the gospel ?" I do not believe that it is . But I do believe that it is entire iu us spirit . "

      " We are satisfied with your answer , and we accept the oath you hare just taken , Uow we are about to instruct you in your duties towards God and towards us . Learn therefore beforehand the three words which are all tbe secret of our mysteries , and which are only revealed to most of the affiliated with so many delays and precautions . You have no need of a long apprenticeship ; and yet you will require some reflection to understand their whole extent : Liberty , Equality , Fraternity ; this is the mysterious and profound formula of the words of the Invisibles . " " Is that , in fact , all the mystery ?"

      " It does not seem to you to be one ; but examine the state of societies , and you will see that , to men accustomed to be governed by despotism , inequality , antagonism , it is an entire education , an entire conversion , a whole revelation , to come to understand clearly the human possibility , thc social necessity , and the moral self-denial of this triple precept : Liberty , Equality , Fraternity . The small number of upright minds and pure hearts who protest naturally against the injustice and the disorder of tyranny seize the secret doctrine at tho first step . Their progress in it is rapid , for with tbem it is only requisite to teach them tho processes of application which we bare discovered . But for the greater number , with the people of the world , the courtiers and the powerful imagiue that precaution and discretion are necessary before submitting to their examination the sacred formula of the eternal work : it is necessary to surround it with symbols and evasions ; it is

      necessary to persuade them that it refers only to a fictitious liberty , confined to the exercise of individual thought , of a relative equality , extended only to the members of the association , and practicable only in its secret and benevolent assemblies ; in fine , to a romantic brotherhood , agreed upon between a certain number of persons , and limited to temporary services , to some good works , to mutual assistance . For these slaves of custon and prejudice , our mysteries are only the statutes of heroic orders , renewed from ancient chivalry , and offering no attack upon constituted power , no remedy to the miseries of the people . For them wo have only insignificant grades , degrees of frivolous science , or of hackneyed antiquity , a series of initiations , the strange rites of which amuse their curiosity without enlightening their minds . They believe they know everything , and tbey know nothing . " "Of what use are they 1 " said Consuelo , who listened attentively . . ... the freedom of labour of

      " To protect the exercises and those who do understand and know , " replied the instructor . " This will be explained to you . Listen first to what we expect from you . '" " Europe ( Germany and France especially ) is filled with secret societies , subterranean laboratories in which is being prepared a groat revolution of which Germany or France will be the creator . We have the key , and we endeavour to have the direction of all those associations , without the knowledge of the greater part of their members , and without any one of tbem having knowledge of our connexion with others . Although our object has not yet been attained , we have succeeded in placing our foot everywhere , and the most eminent among the different associates are with us , and second our efforts . We will procure for you an admission into all those holy sanctuaries , into all those profane temples , for corruption and frivolity havo also built their cities ; and in some vice and virtue labour in the same work of destruction , without the evil

      under-Standing Us association with the good . Such is the law of conspiracies . You will know the secret of the freemasons , a great brotherhood which , under the most varied forms , and with the most different ideas , labour to organise the practice , and to spread the notion of equality . You will receive all the degrees of all the rites , though women are admitted to them only by adoption , and do not share in all the secrets of the doctrine . We shall treat you as a man ; * e shall give you all the insignia , all the titles , all tbe formulas necessary for the relations which we will cause vo- to establish with the lodges and for the negotiations with them , which we will intrust to you ; and your profession , your travelling life , your talents , tho fascination of your sex , your youth and beauty , your virtues , your courage , and discretion fit you for that part and give us tbe necessary guarantees . Like Albert we profess tbe precept of the divine equality of the man and the woman , but their social position has made your sex frivolous , so that it is but in few of them we can trust , and there are secrets which we shall confide to you alone .

      " Tho other secrets of the different nations of Europe will also be opened to you by the talisman of our investiture , in order that , through whatever country you pass , you may there find an opportunity to serve us and to second our cause . You will even penetrate , if necessary , into the impure society of the Mopses , and into other mysterious retreats of the gallantry and of the incredulity of the age . You will carry there reform and the idea of a purer and better understood brotherhood . You will not be sullied in your mission by the spectacle of tbe debauchery of the great any more than you have been by that of the freedom of the stage . You will be a sister of charity to wounded souls ; wo will give you , moreover , the means of destroying those associations you cannot correct . You shall act principally upon women : your genius and your fame will open to you tbe

      gates of palaces ; the love of Trenck and our protection have already given you the heart and the secrets of an illustrious princess . You will see closely still more powerful personages , and will make of tbem our auxiliaries . The means of attainine this will be the object of private communications and of an entirely special education which you will here receive . In all the courts and in all the cities of Europe , towards which you wish to turn your steps , we will cause you to find friends , associates , brothers to second yon , powerful protectors to secure you from the dangers of your enterprise . Large sums will be entrusted to you to relieve the misfortunes of our brothers and those of a'l the unhappy , who by means of the signals of distress may invoke the assistance of our order in places where you may be . You will institute among women new secret societies , founded by ns upon the principles of our own , but adapted ,

      in their forms and their compositions , to the usages and tbe manners of different customs and different classes . You will endeavour , as much as possible , to bring about the cordial and sincere union of the great lady and the citizen ' s wife , of the rich woman and the poor sempstress , of the virtuous matron and the adventuous female artist . Tolerance * and bevevolence , such will be the formula softened for the persons of tbe world of our real and austere formula : Equality , Fraternity . You see , at first sight your mission is sweet for your heart , and glorious for your life , still it is not without danger . "We are powerful , bnt treachery may destroy our enterprise and overwhelm you in our disaster . Spandau may not be the last of your prisons , nor the rage of Frederick II . the only royal rage you may have to enceunter . Are you prepared for all , and devoted beforehand to tbe martyrdom of persecution ?" " I am / ' repli-d Consuelo .

      " We are certain o " it , and if we fear anythin ? , it is not the weakness of your character , but the dejection of your mind . From this moment we must put you on your guard against the principal disgust attached to your mission . The lower grades of the secret societies , and especially of masonry , are almost ineignificantin our eyes , and serve us only to try the instincts and dispositions of the candidates . The greater part of the ? e never pass those first degrees in which , as I have already said , vain ceremonies can use their frivolous curiosity . Into tbe following grades are admitted only persons who give us hopes , and yet these are still kept at a distance from the end ; they are examined , they are tried , their souls are probed ; they are prepared for a more complete initiation , or they are g iven up to an interpretation which they could not pass without dancer to

      the cause and to themselves . That is still only a nursery from which we choose the strong plants destined to be transplanted into tbe sacred forest . To the highest grades alone belong the important revelations , and it is by them you will enter upon the career . But the part of master imposed many duties , ami there ceases the charm of cariosity , the intoxication of mystery , the illusion of hope . - You have no longer to learn , in the midst of enthusiasm and emotion , that law which transforms the neophyte into an apostle , the novice into a priestess . You have to practise it in instructing others , and in seeking to recruit among the unclean in heart and poor in spirit levites for the sanctuary . It is there , poor Consuelo , that you will know the bitterneas of hopes deceived and the bard labours of perseverance , when you shall see

      among so many greedy , curious , and boasting seekers after truth , so few serious , firm and sincere minds , so few souls worthy of receiving and capable of understanding it . For hundreds of children full of vanity employing the formulas of equality and affecting its appearance , you will hardly find one man penetrated with their importance and courageou ? in their interpretation . You will be obliged to speak to them in enigmas , and to make yourself a sad jest in deceiving them respecting the fundamentals of tho doctrine . The greater part of the princes whom we enrol under our banner are in this situation , and adorned with vain masonic titles which amuse their foolish pride , serve only to guarantee to us the liferty of our movements and the tolerance of the police . Some , nevertheless , are sincere , or have been so . Frederick , surnamed the Great , and certainly capable of being great , was received as a free-mason before be was king , and at that time liberty fpoke to hia heart , equality to bis reason . Still we surrounded his initiation with skilful and prudent men , who

      did not reveal to him the secrets of the doctrine . How we should have repented had they done so ! At this moment Frederick suspects , watches , and persecutes another masonic rite which has been established at Berlin in competition with tbe lodge over which he presides , and other secret so cieties , at the head of which Prince Henry , his brother , has placed himself with ardour . And yet Prince Henry , as also the abbess of Quedlimburg , is not , and never will be , more than an initiate of the second degree . We know the Princes , Consuelo , and we . know that we must never re pose entire confidence in them or in their courtiers . Frederick ' s brother and sister suffer from his tyranny and curse it . They willingly conspire against it , but for their own advantage . They conspire it is true , but they do not know to what a terrible work they add the support of their name , their fortune , and their credit . They imagine that they labour only to diminish the authority of their master and paralyse tbe encroachments of his ambition . The Princess Amelia even carrries into her zeal a sort of republican enthusiasm , and she is not the only crowned head whom a certain dream of antique grandeur

      * «Llow , Named Saunders, Was Charged Wi...

      and philosophic revolution has agitated in these times All the little sovereigns of tyranny have learnt FeBelon ' sTelemachus by heart in their childhood , and how they are fed on Montaquied , Voltaire , and Helvetins ; but they do not go beyond a certa-n ideal of aristocratic government wisely balanced , in which they of right are to have the first places . They are no more than copies , more or less obliterated , more or loss exaggerated , of those models of philosophic tyrants . But as they have not absolute power in their bands , their conduct is less shocking ; and people may form illusions respecting the use of that power ; We do not allow ourselves to be deceived ; wo permit these wearied masters , those dangerous friends , to sin upon the thrones of our symbolic temples . They think themselvM

      tno pontiffs ; they imagine they hold the king of the sacred mysteries , as formerly the chief of thehotyempirenctitiously chaseur grand master of the secret tribunal was persuaded that he commanded the terrible army of the franc judges masters of bis power , of his designs , and of his life . But while they believe themselves our generals , they serve us as lieutenants ; and never before the fatal day marked for their fall in the book of destiny , will they know that they assist us to labour against themselves . " Such is the gloomy and bitter side of our work . It is necessary to make a compromise with certain laws of one ' s peaceful conscience , on opening the soul to our holy fanaticism . Will you hare that courage , young priestess of pure heart and candid speech ? " 6 * " After all you have just told mo I am no longer free to draw back , " replied Consuelo , after a moment ' s silence " The first scruple may lead me into a series of reservations and terrors which nuy end in cowardice . I have received your austere confidences ; I feel that I nn lnni »> i <

      behmg to myself . Alas ! yes , I confess it , I shall often suner from the part you impose upon me , for I have already suffered bitterly from being obliged to deceive Frederick , that I might save my friends from danger Allow me , for the last time—the blush of a soul virgin to all deception—allow me to weep for the candour of my ignorant and peaceful youth . I cannot help these regrets but I shall know how to guard myself against tardy and pusillanymous remorse . I must no longer be tho useless and inoffensive child of the past ; already hare I ceased to be so since here I am , placed between the necessity of conspiring against the oppressors of humanity , and of betrayins its deliverers . I have touched the tree of krmwlflrt ™ iu

      fruits are bitter , but I will not cast them from me . Know-2 ?«? " , "" fortune ; but to refuse to act , when we know what ought to be done , is a crime . " " That is spoken with wisdom and couraue . " replied the initiator . ;• We are satisfied with you . To-moSow vI 3 r I u i f 7 ? our initiation . Prepare yourself through the day for a new baptism : for a solemn oath , by meditation and prayer , even by confession , if your soul be not free from all personal pre-occupation . " ( To be Continued . )

      Dr. Achilli. (From "Men Of The Times.") ...

      DR . ACHILLI . ( From "Men of the Times . " ) biovanni Giacinto Achiili , is an Italian Church Reformer , whose name has been prominently before the public as that w a talented and active opponent of Popery . Born of Popish parents , he was educated for the priesthood . Tie put on the Dominican habit , and was ordained priest at Lucca m 182 a . Having finished his studies in tho Convent of the Minerva , at Rome , he was sent as letore , or lecturer , to tbe Convent of Gradi , belonging to the same order , and was afterwards appointed pro-, t i ? . m the „ ecclesiastical seminary of that town . In 1833 he was offered successively the professorships at the Minerva , at the Sapienza , and at Maeerafa . Upon this he resigned his appointment ; but , declining the professorships , he became visitor of the convents of the Dominicansin

      , the Roman States and in Tuscany . At thirty years of age , he received , on account of his attainments , the dignity of a maestro , generally reserved as the ornament of maturer years . At that time he was frequently requested to officiate as preacher or confessor , by eminent dignitaries of the church ; but states , in his " Dealings with the Inquisition , " that he had a great inward conflict touching the doctrines and practices of Rome . These at length made his position so painful that he resolved to withdraw to Saples , and there reflect upon the course which he should adopt . Having preached the Lent sermons for 1834 , at Monte Fiascone , he left Rome in 1835 , and took up his residence at Capua , where he was made prior of the monastery of Peter tbe Martyr . In 1839 he laid down the Dominican habit , with tho permission of the Pope , and remained in Naples , a simple priest , teaching various

      sciences and preaching . In 1841 he came to Rome on private business , and was seized by the Inquisition ; he remained many months in its dungeons , and when he was released , in 1 S 42 , received , in return for a complete renunciation of all his offices , honours , employments , and privileges , a decree of dismissal from his ecclesiastical ministry . Being now at liberty , he left Italy in October ,. 1842 , and entered the English dominions , where he long remained , teaching the sciences and literature . From Corfu , whither he first arrived , ho published his celebrated letter to Gregory XIV . From Corfu he proceeded to Malta , and received the appointment of Professor of Divinity in the Protestant Italian College . In 1848 he visited England . In January . 1849 , he proceeded to Rome ; and on the 24 th of June of that year he was married to the youngest daughter of Captain Helv , according to the rites of the reformed Italian

      church . Five days afterwards he was seized in his own house by French soldiers , acting under the orders of the Inquisition , and carried to St . Angelo . Here he was placed in a cell just vacated by a number of thieves , and in which the only furniture was a filthy mattress , and the only window a hole in the wall . He was refused communication with his friends , and everything not necessary to maintain existence . Great efforts were at this time made by friends in England , and especially by the members of the Evangelical Alliance , to procure his liberation ; and the French and Papal governments were waited upon by a deputation which journeyed expressly from this country . But all appeared in vain , The officers of tbe Inqui sition "were sent to harass him in bis cell , and he was threatened with yet severer rigours . One evening , however , two chasseurs arrived at the castle , to take Acbilli to the French council of war , " to give evidence upon the trial of Signor Cornuschi . " As he knew nothing of that

      gentleman , nor the other of him , he was at first greatly in doubt what all this could mean . He accompanied the two soldiers , and passed through tbe streets of Rome in an open carriage . On arriving at the court-bouse he received the most courteous treatment from the captain of the guard , who in a few words placed him completely at bis ease . He walked into an ante-ohamber , where several military uniforms and accoutrements were lying ready . Oae of these he put on , the door stood open for him , and no one opposed his departure . He walked unrecognised down the several piazzas till he came to the Corso , where money , a passport , a carriage and post-horses , were in waiting for him , and in a few minutes he was beyond tho walls of Rome . He arrived at Civita Vecchia at two in tho morning , and was received on hoard a French steamer of war , by which he proceeded to Toulon , and thence to Paris . On arriving subsequently in England , he was heartily welcomed at several public meetings held to commemorate hia deliverance .

      Flfteraig Gitrfoaftfea.

      fLfteraig Gitrfoaftfea .

      The Origin Of Jacquerie. The Insurrectio...

      THE ORIGIN OF JACQUERIE . The insurrection called la Jacqukhie , of which every one has beard , but few know the meaning of the term , was named in a cruel derision . When John of France was a prisoner in England , his kingdom was horribly desolated by its nobles , who despoiled and crushed the peasantry without mercy , and when they complained to their wretched tyrants they were answered mockingly that Jacque-bonhomme must pay for all . At length , Jatque-good-man came forward rather unexpectedly in person , a leader of the peasants who assumed the fatal name , and the peasants stung to madness , revolted , and at once pronounced con * demnation on every gentleman in France . Twelve thousand of these oppressors expiated their crimes , and fell by la Jacquerie , which assumed , as its nam da guerre , the name which had been applied to the oppressed in derision . " He used to laugh at justice , that gay Aristocrat ! He used to scoff at mercy , but he knelt to us for that !'

      T BB XAST WORDS OP QRRAT UBK . Hampden , tho patriot , when mortally wounded , cried , " 0 , lorn * , save my bleeding country . Confound and level in the dust those who ' would rob the people of their liberty and lawful prerogative . " With what a noble heroism Cranmer atoned for bis weakness , and thrust the hand that had signed Ms recantation into the flames , exclaiming as he calmly contemplated it consuming in the fire , " This hand hath offended , this unworthy right hand . " What bitter words were those last ones wrung from the broken-hearted Wolsey ! "If I had served God as diligently as I have served the King , he ivould not have given me over in my grey hairs . " " D ' octor , I am dying , " said Washington , " and have been dying a long time , but lam not afraid to die . " Sir Thomas More , previous to mounting the scaffold-steps , said , "

      Master Lieutenant , I pray you see me safe up , and for my coming down let me shift for myself . " Sir Walter Raleigh asked for the axe , and , feeling its edge , exclaimed , " It is a sharp medicine , but will cure all sorrows ^ " and when requested by his executioner to lie with his head towards the east , replied , " So matter how the head lies so that iheheart be right . " " Crown me with flowers—environ me with music , so that I may enter sweetly into that slumber wherefrom there is no aviahing , " were among tho last words of Mirabeau . " Hold up my head for the gaze of the people , " said daring Danton previous to laying it on the block , " it is worth looking at . " " Live well , " wore the parting words of Johnson to a

      friend at his bed side . " Thank God , I have done my duly " were the last words spoken by Nelson . "Ibless the Lord that I have not deserted the righteous cause for which huffer , " said Sir Henry Yane . The Emperor Adrian , when dying , composed the celebrated address to his soul , translated by Pope , and known as "Pope ' s Ode . " La Mothe la Vayer had made tho histories of distant countries bis favourite studies , and the influence of his master-passion was so strong upon him in dying , that when Bernier , the celebrated traveller , entered the room , the dying man exclaimed , " Well , my friend , what news from the Grand Mogul ?" ' « Light , Liout , more Light , " were tbe last words of Goethe .

      A War. Scbxb.—An Officer Describes The T...

      A War . Scbxb . —An officer describes the taking of Rangoon with as much delight as if it hail been a theatrical representation , instead of a scene of fearful slaughter ' . — " It was a fine sigM at night—the stockades all burning , the roar of the 8-inch guns , tbe flight of shell and rockets , and the flames and bursting of the shells in the distant fort formed a grand tableau-worthy of a master band tode « scribe . " ¦ ' : ¦ - !¦ . ' ¦¦¦

      A War. Scbxb.—An Officer Describes The T...

      HOW TO SETTLE THE KAFFIRS , A V 0 MJMTEER FOR THE CAPE I was once strolling on the beautiful prairies and perceived in my path , a little in advance » tin gaunt Yankee . He stood erect , leaning on his vifln watching my approach . As I never met anything bnt { hi utmost civility and attention on my rambles , I went n » hi him with my usual confidence . . On approaching hn „ 7 dressed me as follows : — ° ' uo M ~ " Well , captin . How are you ?" " Very well , replied I , "how does the world wag with " 1 have a duty to perform , captin , " ho replied " Fire away , and do your duty , " rejoined I , won derin * what duty my stalwart Yankee friend had to perform " Well , captin , " be continued , " you are not Jit all starched up , as I thought all Britishers wore . You wear tow breeches , and don ' t think more of yourself than any of us . Moreover , I see you carry a large jar tho other day and I know you have lots of dollars . Well , then , it is my duty to ask you to take a drink . "

      " With all my heart , " returned I ; and wo repaired to my friend ' s log-house . " After a social glass and sundry shaking of hands my Yankee friend told mo bis history . " ' " I fit in Mexico , " said he . "I likewise fit the Injuns in Californy , and have bad a good dee ! of experience in savage warfare . My name is Captin Ezekiah Conclin Brum , and I think you are tho best Yankee Britisher lever seed . Now then , captin , I have a proposal to make to the British government ; but before I tell it you , I'll explain what made rne fust think of it . When I returned from fitting tho Injuns in Californy , I read in the papers the accounts of your fitting the Injuna at tbe Cape of Good Hope . Well , I wanted to find out all about it , so I sent to England , by a relation of

      mine who is mate of a liner , for a British infantry musket with all the fixins . About six weeks ago it arrived here ' and here it is captin ( going to a corner and bringing out a ' regulation musket ) . Well , captin , did you ever see such a clumsy varment in all your born days ? Now , captin look out of tho doorway , do you see that biased stump ? ' It } s seven feet high , and broader than any man . It ' s exactly one hundred and fifty yards from my door . I have fired that clumsy varment at tbe stump 'till my head ached , and my shoulder was quite sore , and have hardly hit it once . Now , then , captin , look'ee here ( taking up his seven barrelled revolving rifle , and letting fly one barrel after the other ) , I guess you will find seven bullets in the biased stump . I will , however , stick seven playing cards on the stump , in different places , and if you choose will hit tbem all . "

      " You are very skilful , " I exclaimed . "There are plenty mora quite as skilful as me , " he responded ; but , captin , let mo ask you , would you fit mo with that machine , bagnet and all , against my rifle at one hundred and fifty yards ?" "No , thank you , " 1 hastily answered , "I had rather not . " " Would you like to be one of two , or three , or even six , with bagnet fixed and all V urged he . " No , " I replied , " certainly not . You would havo the best chance by far . "

      " Now , then , comes my offer to tho British government Will you make it to tbem from me ?" "No , " replied I . "If I made the finest offer in tho world to the British government , the chances are , they would not read it . If they did , they would only sneer at me , and call me officious and impertinent , and very likely put a blaek mark against my name , I cannot , therefore present your offer ; _ but I will put it in print , if you like ' and the public can judge of its merits . " " Tint ' s the very thing , captin , " returned hein ananimated voice ; " and that will stir up public opinion—at at least it would in the States , where , when once a thing is made plain , it is adopted , never mind who tho recommender might be . " My offer to tbe British government is as follows ;—I , Ezekiah Conclin Brum , have learned by the papers , that the last war at the Cape ef Good Hope cost ten million dollars ( two millions sterling ) to the British government ,

      and that it is likely the present war will cost quite as much and be a protracted affair . I , Ezekiah Conclin Brum , have a high opinion of the bravery of the British soldiers , but a very contemptuous opinion of their arms . I , Ezekiah Conclin Brum , will undertake to enlist five thousand Yankee marksmen , each armed with a seven-barrelled revolving rifle , or any better weapon that may turn up , and kill or disperse all the Injuns on the British territory at the Cape of Good Hope , within six months of our landing there ; conditionally , that the survivors are paid the sum of five million dollars on tho extirpation of the Injuns , and settlement of peace ; thus saving half the expense , and great numbers of British soldiers . In course , the British government must send us over in their brass bottomed sarpentB . This will be easy , as we can stow very close , bavin ? little or no baggage . " 6 " You think your five thousand « marksmen' could do it msix months ?" said I .

      " Bartain , " he replied , " we should be ekal to thirty thousand troops with suoh tarna ) , stiff , clumsy consarns , as them reg'lation muskets is . Wo should do it slick , rieht away . " ' 6 " Suppose you were successful , " I rejoined , " what would you , and your Yankee marksmen do afterwards ?" "Do arterwards , " echoed be ; " why many would settle in tbe country , and show them how to go a-head . " "And , " added I , turn it into a republic before long . " " In course that is sure to follow afore long , whether we go or stay . But I tell ' ee what it is , captain ; this here gold in Australy will bring on a republic there , while you Britishers are dreaming about it . " "Good bye , Captain Ezekiah Conclin Brum , " I exclaim , as I shook bands heartily at parting . " I will print your proposal . It will have the advantage of novelty , at any rate . " " " Good bye , captin . Won't you take a chaw ? But mind you write , and toll me all about it . " Andthusweparted .-From Sketches Afloat and Ashore , by Captain Macktnnon , R . N . '

      The Robber-Baron-An Austrian Mystery. Th...

      THE ROBBER-BARON-AN AUSTRIAN MYSTERY . The following extraordinary story appears in a latenumber of the " New York Tribune : — A great deal of e xc itement has recently been created in the higher classes of the Austrian capital , by the remarkable and tl mantic development of numerous heavy robberies , which for years past have been commuted in and near the metropolis , by one or more malefactors , whose whereabouts it was Impossible to trace out . In order to give a thorough insight Into the matter , we must begin at a period when the existence of this gang was nroved bv their actions , . r J Toward the close of October 1848 , during a fina and clear nu tumnal night the travelling earrlage ' of Mr . ldward TSols a wealthy merchant of London who then was on his way back to \ ienna , from a long tour in Upper Italy and the Lombardic provwees , was stopped within three mU < a of Vienna , in the most papulous part of the country . One man only presented himself at the coach window , and courteously , but firmlydemanded the

      , surrenderof whatever valuables the inmates of the conveyance possessed . With Mr . Prooks there were two ladies , his wife and her younger sister , the latter of whom had already drawn her purse , and was in the act of handing it to the highwayman , when her extended arm was fractured by a pistol shot trom Mr . Brooks , who , havine perceited the movement of his sister-in -law , had from the back of the carriage quietly taken aim at the robber , with a view of answering to the impudent demand . A scene of terrific confusion then ensued . The report of the pistol brought , besides the two niftn who guarded the coachman and horses , three more individuals to tho support of tho highwayman ; the traces were cut in an instant , the coachman was lashed to his seat , and the highwaymen prepared to avenge the death of their leader , who lay ap . parentis inanimate on the ground . Ihe doors of the calecfte were torn open , but the spectacle which there presented itself was such as to make the robbers pause

      before they launched out upon the misrion of revenge . Miss Perry , the wounded lady , lay in the arms of her sister , whose speechless agony proved the horror which she felt at the occurrence . Mr . Brook * , still ignorant that he inflicted the in . jury , had neverthelete abandoned all ideas of resistance , and was vainly endeavouring to stanch tho blood , which flowed in torrents from the ghastly wound . For some minutes the highwaymen looked upon this mournful scene , " until a low moan from their leader reminded them of the necessity of stiving him that attention which his condition peremptorily called for . A few minutes sufficed to preve that he waa not dangerously wounded * the bul . let , after fracturing : tbe slender arm of Miss Perry , iad scent itself against his chest , causing : what the Germans call a Prell schuss , and though It did not penetrate the flesh , had still force enough to break a bone or two , without any other outward sum than a small black spot on the place where the leaden messenger struck .

      The chief soon recovered , and was able to ride off , while he had left his followers in charge of the carriage , giving strict orders , however , not to plunder the Englishman and his family , but to give them every assistance to enable them to reach Vienna as early as possible , that the young lady might obtain medical aid . The orders were executed to the letter . Mr . Brook saw his horses put to the carriage by his late tssailants , who exhibited the roost respectful hearing towards him , and seemed rather to wish him good than evil . So much , indeed , was he taken by the conduct of the men , that on parting he gave a diamoud ring of great value to him who had been left in command by the chief , with orders to hand it over to his master , as a token of his gratitude for the conBifleration which had been extended to the suffering lady . The caused

      occurrence sn extraordinary sensation at 7 ienna . Apart from the boldness of the act . the standing of Mr . Brooks and hia energetic action , the result of the encounter , so far as Miss Perry was concerned , gave sufficient interest to the matter of it to remain the standing topic for many -weeks . As to the injured lady , she suffered greatly from tbe severe wound , but recovered withoutthe loss of her arm , which at first seemed impos . sibletoaave . though Mr . Brooks discountenanced all efforts to trace out do individual who stopped his carriage , the police , nevertheless , caused the most minute inquiries to be made , but without the slightest success . A month or two passed quietly away , when the news of another attack on the highway , this time accompanied with a robbery to a heavy amount , startled the police from their apathy , to which they had abandoned themselves since they saw their efforts to point out the perpetrators of the previous robbery fruitless . Attack followed attack at four or « x weeks' interval , and they were directed only against the most wealths with a saffai-iivsmrtm-iidence which

      defied every precaution on the part of the authorities . Years thus passed without the least success against these depredators ; and , late in the fall or 18 . il , three robberies were committed during one night , not one of which led to a discovery , though the booty consisted ; of such articles as could not have been disposed of in the Austrian Empire without establishing suspicion against the seller . In the month of January Miss Perry , who , since receiving the wound from the plstol-ehot of her brother-in-law , had been married to a Welsh Rentleman named Trewyth , arrived at Vienna with her husband , where her former adventure was by no means forgotten , and was frequently spoken about in company . Among those who seemed to take the deepest interest In the matter was a Baron Pr «! h , a Lombard nobleman , who for the last ten years had stayed at Vienna , and apparently enjoyed unbounded wealth . He became an admirer of Mrs . Trewjth and her constant attendant . Bumour was soon started , and the question was ashed , why the husband allowed so close an intimacy as was exhibited in their frequent rides and walks . None , however , pretended to prognosticate the result of this Intimacy . *

      At an early hour on the 2 d of March Baron Fresh ' s mansion was surrounded by a body of officers , the leader of whom thereupon demanded access to the building , After a while the doors were thrown open , and the commissary , with two of his men , entered , while others were left to guard the various outlets . Nearly half an hour thus , passed over until the , officers returned , bringing with them and carefully guarding Baron Pregli , whom they took to the prison usually assigned to political offenders . From the action of

      The Robber-Baron-An Austrian Mystery. Th...

      + he police no one can tell what is the offence which he ia charged J " * ' He had no bearing , and probably may have none , His mends hwy see u ; m aga j n i or they may not , just as it suits the despatic will of Wo , , yho rules over Austria . In spite of the ^ cautions which are always taken in Austria to keep secret the offences of the nobility , the story in regard to iiaron Pregh ' s career bus leaked Oat . . It appears that it is ho who , in connexion with several devoted servants , has for years past rendered the highway to Vienna insecure , as he could carry on these depredations from his country residence without in tho slightest measure incurring tho suspicion of the authorities . It is n remarkable fact thatthe baron stood in the pay of the police—a situation which he probably coveted only for the purpose of leading any suspicions that might arise into another channel . ,. ^ , c ? mi ? g deeply enamoured of tho beautiful Mrs . Trewyth , he fliS i y t 0 Rain her affections ; aiid , \ t last , in a silly fit of the IotJi I llcr the ring which Mr . Brooks had sent him , as up-itn . i * T til 0 highwaymen , three years previously , and aptho ; ., . r to beoome his . f ince slie lla ( i once been chosen to be the efW ' T * , ° 3 avo llU ufc - So far fl ' om tWs confession having iudicefl L ^ ° . , ^ DinS her feelings ; she became all the more prei . _ „ .:. , ts t him , but nrnmispil fiiitlifnllv tn ltP » n thn Rivrpfc if

      near hor fn * n rel > c , tllo offensive proposals . Pregli did not come aid of his sitoni ' "A" la 8 t attempted to carry her off by the which kd to the nrrncl 1 ' 1 bejn >' foiled in this information was given Three of ll » i > t , , before stated , country rcsidennn « i mon havc sincB been arrested , and at his *™ iffiAtea S / ' [«« - ¦"" »« . »»«

      L&U»Dunwq Tt».

      l & u » dUnwQ tt » .

      'Js&Js^Jxsssfcsl. 1! * Omaho,Ato Another...

      'JS & JS ^ JXSSsfcSl . * omaho , ato Another Wellington Statue !—Tho " inau < runHr , n nf affiKsrs # &»" " * -Wftsss . s ^ ttfcHi ^^ SRSiaagr _ Extbaordi . vaky Foot Matcu at Cm , ctti \ . —The "American Stag , " who was , it appears , chief officer of an Amencan vessel , has accomplished his task of walking 1 000 miles in 1 , 000 hours in India . ' Enormous Flask . —An enormous plank Las been broueht from Liverpool to Manchester by Canal . Its dimensions are-length , Hi feet ; breadth , 20 inches ; and thickness , 0 inches throughout .

      Isduh CoMMANnim-iK ' -CniBF . —Lieutenant-General Lord Frederick Fitzclarence , G . O . H ., has been sworn in aa Com « mattdor-ui . Chief of thc forces at Bombay . Untaxed Bricks . —The form and character of bricks has gradually improved since tbe repeal of the brick-tar ; Emigration to Auttraiaa trom Liverpool . —At no previous period in the history of this port has there been so much activity displayed on both sides of the Mersey as at the present time in the emigration trade , tho ohiof current of which has set in for Australia . As Unhappy . Dubtor . —A tailor , father of eight children , and sued for his dobts , has just hung himself at Basle , ia the gateway of his creditor , to whom , by a letter found in his garments , he has bequeathed hia body in navment .

      _ Land Allotments for LAB 0 URKRS .-4 . bout eighty acres in land , in and near Southampton , are now let to poor men of that town , to cultivate as vegetable gardens , not mora than twenty rods boing let to one man , to prevent subletting , and none but labouring men or mechanics are allowed to be renters . Corporation of the Sons of tub Clbrot . -A court of assistants of this corporation was held on Saturday last , for tne purpose of distributing the Midsummer Benefactions . Dissolution , op PiRiuxtEKi .-It ia now positively affirmed that parliament will be prorogued on Thursday , July 1 st , and that tho dissolution will take place the follow * wg day . Repeal of tub "Window Duties . —Lord Duncan has had presented to him by his constituents a handsome piece of plate for his exertions to obtain the Repeal of the Window

      Legal TniEVBS .-At tho Court of Bankruptcy , Mr . Lawrence complained of tbe heavy fees payable to the Chief Registrar— "It seemed like stopping a caravan in a great desert and plundering the rich merchants who were travelling by it . " The Easters Archipelago Company . —An action was brouo-hfc in the Court of Queen ' s Bench , to repeal the let * ters patent granted in 1847 , for incorporating this Company , A verdict for tbo Crown was given . European Politics . —In a lecture on this subject , delivered at the Marylebone Literary Institution , Dr . Solger showed that there is no hope for the oppressed continent , except by the utter destruction of the despotic governments . Ho alto touched upon tho state of Franco , attributing the revolution which broke out in 1848 to the corruption in that country in tho time of Louis Philippe . The ruling passion of Franco was military glory , and he did not augur well for her future liberties , so long as that feeling pervaded the great mass of the people . The lecturer was well received by an attentive audience .

      "No Popbrt . '" —Our old friend "Lord" Winchelse * has been " going at it" again , in an address to the " Pro * testant Electors of Great Britain . " "Deeds , " he says , " and not empty words , are what the Protestants of England demand , and I would point to a proclamation which appears in tbe Gazette' of last Tuesday as affording us a pledge that we have now at the helm a pilot who wiluteei : the vessel of the State by the old Protestant chart . " Lodoinos for tub Poor . —The Society for Improving tho Condition of the Labouring Classes held its eighth annual meeting on Saturday , at the Freemasons' -hall , Great Queenstreet , tho Earl of Shaftesbury presiding . Cape Coast Castlb Cotios Fields . —The Manchester Commercial Association has received intelligence of the successful result of some experiments in cotton cultivation at Cape Coast Castle , in Africa .

      Post Office Robbert . —George Futney has been committed for trial , on a charge of stealing cash from a letter . Railway Collision . —Mr . Houdson has brought an ac « tion against the Great Northern Railway Company , for the injuries he received by the occurrence of a collision on that line , and has obtained £ 50 damages . Rapid Progress of Bradford . —No less than 1 , 703 new buildings have been erected in this town during the last sixteen months . The expense of these buildings would not be less than £ 238 . 000 .

      %A «Hwgft Trom $Muf).

      % a « Hwgft trom $ muf ) .

      Political Notb And Qubrt. Notb.—The Napo...

      political notb and qubrt . Notb . —The Napoleon colour in Violet . The Query is—and one which Master Louis Napoleon would fiud it rather ^ difficult to answer—whether the Napoleon oath is also kept in-violet , Tub Kindest of Men . —A Sheriff ' s officer is a man who never leaves another in Distress ! Convincing—To show how thoroughly he considers the newspapers his servants , Louis Napoleon has just been giving several of them " warning . "

      The New Crystal Palace.—Various Arrangem...

      The New Crystal Palace . —Various arrangements have been already made by the directors of the Crystal Palace Company , in conjunction with Sir Joseph Paxton , Messrs . Fox and Henderson , and Mr . Owen Jones , and tha other gentlemen engaged in the reconstruction of the edi « fico and in the formation of the grounds . The total length of the building will bo 1 , 853 feet , the extremo width 384 . The new palace will undergo several modifications . It will have three transepts—two of the same size and height aa the original transept , and a central one of 130 feet span , 108 feet higher than tbe two mailer . The roofing of the transepts , as well as of the whole of tho nave will be arched , and the ribs will be of wrought iron . The glass for tbe new roofs will be all twenty-one ounces in . stead of sixteen ounces per square foot . The sloping form

      of the ground on which the building is to stand will ba made available for the various works below the floor line necessary for the heating of tbe interior for machinery and for the stores required in a building of a permanent character . This basement story will be formed of columns and girders , with brick arches , fitted to receive tha earth for the plants above . Tho interior will be arranged on tbo following general principles . Atone end the climate and vegetation will be those of the tropics , gradually changing until at the centre transept , a temperate climate and temperate vegetation are reached , which will prevail throughout the remainder of tho building . Portions of the palaos will be converted into quadrangles similar to the fine art or mediasval courts of tbe Exhibition : These courts will ba made to represent the manners , costumes , & o ,, of different

      countries . For instance , one court will form an Indian , bazaar , with adjoining durbars and reception rooms . Here all the illustrations of Indian life will be collected in as vivid and characteristic a manner as possible . Another quadrangle irill bo devoted to the illustration of China . A . third will contain a reproduction of one of the courts of tbe Alhambra , by Mr . Jones ; and a fourth will exhibit a Pompeiftn house fully restored . In one of the smaller transepts there will be Egyptian antiquities , casts from the celebrated reliefs illustrative of the trades of Egypt , and from tho most noted statues—all coloured exactly like the originals , and so disposed as not to be a mere dead collection of individual objects , but a living reproduction of Egyptian manners and things . In another part there will be presented a Nineveh palace . Steps have been already taken to procure collections of sculptureof

      archi-, tecture , and of ornaments illustrating the progress of those arts , from their commencement to the present time . The architectural collection will form a progressive series , with which will be mixed tho industrial arts and manufactures of tbe middle ages . A large space will be set apart for geological specimins , arranged in the order of the strata accompanied by maps , views , and sections of the country , specimens of vegetation , & c . Modern machinery and manufactures will be largely represented in exhibition /) of materials from their raw states , in every progressive condition up to manufactured articles . Tbe principal , or Victoria Fountain , in the park will play 150 feet high-that is to say , 20 feet higher than the Nelson column in Trafalgarsquare . There ia every reason to believe that within a twelvemonth tho Crystal Palace will be once more open to tho public .

      The Two Full Moons of July . —It is worthy of observation , says the " Times , " that in the vnontnof July there will be two full moons , on tho 1 st and 31 st—a circumstance that has not occurred since the year 1776 , when there waa a full moon on the 1 st and on the 30 th , and on the latter day an extraordinary eclipse of the moon visible in moat parts of the inhabited world . The almanack of this ye & c gives us an eclipse on the first day of July , but invisible at Greenwich . By reference to the annual register of 1776 , it will be seen that there were several earthquakes iu England and Europe , and some extraordinary falls of rain ; and it is believed there arc people living who have not forgotten how their progenitors used to relate the remarkable occurrences of that year . Time will soon discover whether we shall be similarly visited in the year 1852

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 26, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_26061852/page/3/