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TOTHE ^ PEOPLE.
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}JY FWESDS,—I shall be absent from. Lond...
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" United , jon st8 ™^" Divided, you fan....
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AND NATIONAL TBife JlURNAI, > <
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VOL m P.671. IMOlTOOMAYJCMESSS,Bid; r ¦ ...
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———-^ r-THE LAND. Within the last week I...
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SYMPATHY WITH HUNGARY AND POLAND. A publ...
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1 WEST RIDING DELEGATE MEETING. ,. A .We...
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©MUVrt Crtminal ©otttt. ' •
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The October, session of the above court ...
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Iarmoutii .—a public meeting, convened b...
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N - i: 1 > ! ' * !. '
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Tothe ^ People.
TOTHE ^ PEOPLE .
}Jy Fwesds,—I Shall Be Absent From. Lond...
} JY FWESDS , —I shall be absent from . London for ten days or a fortnight ; and , therefore , those who address letters tome cannot ex pect any answers to their letters till , my re-JnJn . However , I shall write the state of foreign affairs for the Northern Star , ° Tour faithful Friend , FEAKGUS O'COJfKOB .
" United , Jon St8 ™^" Divided, You Fan....
" United , jon st 8 ™^" Divided , you fan . TO THE WORKING CLASSES . Mr Fkiesds , —I have never offered the slightest personal antagonism to any Chartist vho honestly and fairly advocates , propounds , and supports jour principles ; out , as I have often told yon , that men agreeing in principles may differ as to the means of accomplishing those p rincip les , I again appeal to you as to the prop riety , the prudence , and discretion of holding aNational Conference in Manchester , at the gme proposed b y the veteran Chartists of that town—aaniely , on the first of January .
I find that a large majority of delegates , who lately assembled in the West Hiding of Yorkshire , have dissented from my proposition , while they furnish us -with no available or substantial reason for doing so . They say , in one of their resolutions—Seeing ihat -the Yorkshire and Lancashire delegate meeting lately held at Hebaen-bridge , sanctioned theelecfion of the present Esecutrre , we consider thatit would be a stultification of the decision of that meeting for the places represented therein , to act under the dictation of any other party , until they shall have either resigned the trast imposed in them , or shall have heen deposed bj the general consent of the Chartist body . '
2 fow , in answer to the above , I beg to state that it is neither my desire , intention , nor wish ihat tiie present Executive should be deposed , but that my object isj that the universal mind of the country should be roused from its present apathy , and that the real principles of Chartism , and the mode of carrying them out , should be well digested , and fairly communicated to all its advocates . Again , the delegates declare—Ihat as soon as the circumstances will admit , a contingent fond shall be raised for the purposes of defending the prisoners and maintaining thefa ^ families , daring times of political persecution .
This is a resolution which should particularly please me , as , for many years , I have been the p ecuniary victim , who has been compelled to do a nation ' s work ; but , in answer to it , I would state . that my object in holding this Conference is to prevent any such physical antagonism as would require funds legally to protect those called offenders . My object is to makethevoiceof knowledge silencethe cannon ' s roar , and destroy legal patty persecution . I do
not like to see such an anticipation propounded , that our agitation for our just rights should again lead to the developementof the tyrant's legal power . Physical revolution is humbug and nonsense ; moral revolution is sound common sense : and , as I have often told you , if you work for a month as I have worked for thirty years , your objects would be achieved , y our order would he elevated , and your oppressors Avould he subdued .
I have read Mr , Jokes ' s tour , not only with pleasure and satisfaction , but with delight while at the same time as men agree to diner , I must dissent from the terms in which he disapproves © fthis Conference . He says : — Moreover , many of those places which returned delegates to the Convention and Assembly of 1848 , have no political existence , as members of the Association ; neither council , committee , nor members are now to he
found ; therefore , the machinery is failing wherehy they would be enabled to send delegates to the Conference ; and although thepeople are beginning at last to awaken Sran their lethargy , and the spirit of jfemocracy is once more beginning to show itself , I maintain it has not yet sufficiently ripened to cause the people spontaneously to come forward for the formation or support of the intended measure . Trade is still too brisk , the public mind is not yet sufficiently jrrspared ! , public attention is not yet _ suffitieutly rom « 5 , in . short—it is not yet
Ssw-Now , if I spent months in reflection , could I give you a stronger proof of the necessity of reorganising the inmd-which has become so apathetic- ? Afc . Joysstells you , that those , who were most active in 18 JS are now most apathetic , and that one reason for their apathy is , hecause TRADE IS GOOD . Have I not often told yon , that the usual cry is , " We are very well off , let us alone ! " and when trade ^ ets bad , the cry is , " Now we are ready , lead us on to death or glory V And therefore my object is to make use of ihat time when the mind cannot be roused to
foll y and madness , but when it can be directed by sound sense and -wisdom . And what I desire to do now , while the mind of the country is becoming more lively and energetic , is to develope it ± 0 the -government and the apathetic of your order , I can hardly reconcile the fac £ that the men who were most energetic in 1848 , and are now the most apathetic , are again beginning to open their eyes ; and If they are beginning to do this , this is the fit and proper time to make them
understand the improved mind and feeling of the country . =-Again , Mr . Jones tells you , that if you postpone -the -Conference till May or June , you may produce an effect which you cannot produce now . Why , May and-June , the middle of summer , is just the very time when it would be most difficult to induce working men to g £ ve = up their pleasure . Moreover , Parliament will then have sat four months ^ while my object is , that the wise and discreet acts of that Conference , held a month before
Parliament meets , should impress your rulers with such a ^ conviction , as would lead them out of the path of error , and into the road of truth . Moreover , m May the great Exhibi-¦ & o n which is to take place , and to last for three months , would completely divert the minds of the working classes , and ( those most ¦ capable of representing them in the Conference . Again , Mr . Jokes says : —
At that time , above all others , it would he necessary for a . Conferenceto assemble ^ otattheopeningoftae session , or , indeed , as at present proposed , actually a month before its opening—but vrhen the hollowness of party promises , and the treachery of Whig statesmen , shall have roused the indignation of the people ; and when it is requisite for the people effectually and authoritatively to protest against the delusive measures of their rulers , and for democracy to assume that proud , prominent , and decisive position , which a faO , end / otrrepresentat *» -of the national anind , through the means of a Convention , can alone enable it to flo .
Now , how can any man imagine that the usual Parliamentary tyraony , practiced for the last eig hteen years by the Reformed Parliament , can have such a wonderful and electrical effect upon that mind which has always tamely submitted to its dictation ? Surely , before Parliament meets , is the proper time to develope the united mind of the kingdom , and for the people to instruct their rulers as to the course it is their intention to pursue if Government should still persist in upholding its tyranny and subduing their power . Again , Mr . Jokes says
:---I have now visited most of the principal towns of Eng land and Scotland , and plainl y perceive that they are not in a position to support a Xatiomd Conference , nor sufficiently aroused yet to act on the suggestion of holding one . Surely , if good trade is the reason why the peop le are now satisfied , and that bad trade will urge their minds on still further , it is rather a curious thing that the people in the principal towns of England and Scotland , in these times of good trade , are not capable of paying for delegates , that they should he so when trade gets bad .
My friends , I anticipate the most beneficial result from the Conference , which I propose should be held in Manchester , and which the men of Manchester and a great majority of the country approve of . All parties in the House of Commons are now divided into sections , each contending for such laws as will be best suited to elevate their order . In consequence of the present state of Ireland , which , as every Minister has stated , is England ' s greatest difficulty , the Whigs will lose that rotten crutch—the Irish trafficking lickspittles npon whose support they have bo long relied .
" United , Jon St8 ™^" Divided, You Fan....
The Pope and the Irish bishops and archbishops are now endeavouring to establish a system in this country , which you may rest assured will create a violent foreign convulsion ; and as I have frequentl y told you , the state of other countries has greater effect upon England than the state of England has upon itself , I wish to prepare you for the coming struggle . In conclusion , let me tell yon that there is no man in whose integrity , intellect , honour and ability , I have greater confidence than in that of Ernest Jones ; and that there is no man for whom I entertain a greater personal
regard and affection ; while , at the same time , after my thirty years of experience , the antagonism I have had to contend against , the persecution I have endured , and the tens of thousands of pounds I have expended in your cause , both you and our young , talented , energetic , and persecuted friend , Ebnest Jokes , will admit that I am not onl y justified , but bound to express my own political sentiments freely and independently ; and nothing will give me greater pleasure , and , I am sure , nothing would render you greater service , than that Ernest Jones should be one of your , representatives at that Conference . ' :
My friends , for the reasons that I have stated , and for other reasons which I dare not publish , but which I shall he very glad to state to the Conference ; and assuring you that I neither do , nor will , offer the slightest antagonism , or opposition to the present Executive , I implore of you unanimously to agree to the Manchester Conference , and to make the necessary preparations to elect your delegates ; and let them he sound , sensible , honest , and honourable Chartists . I remain , Your faithful Friend and Advocate , Feargus O'Connor .
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AND NATIONAL TBife JlURNAI ,
Vol M P.671. Imoltoomayjcmesss,Bid; R ¦ ...
VOL m P . 671 . IMOlTOOMAYJCMESSS , Bid ; r ¦ ' —2 T . KS 2 tr . L
———-^ R-The Land. Within The Last Week I...
——— - ^ r-THE LAND . Within the last week I have received several applications from members of the Land Company , requesting me to refund the amount they have paid . One alone threatens to sue me in the County Court , if I do not refund his money ; and my answer to one and all is , that preparations are now being made to windup the affairs of the Company , and , as soon as that is completed , every member will be fairly dealt with 9 whilst I also state , that any man who seeks to recover his money before the Company is legally wound-up , SHALL NOT
RECEIVE A FRACTION . The Chief Bakon of the Exchequer , in Bbadshaw's action against Me , stated that the whole property was mine , and that no man could sue me , or was entitled to receive what he had paid into the Company ; and although other men would most gladly avail themselves of such a judicial -decision , yet it is my pride and pleasure to state , that I would rather starve , than appropriate a farthing < of their money to my own use . I trust that the several parties who have written to me will receive this as a general answer . - Feaksus O'Cozcsob .
Sympathy With Hungary And Poland. A Publ...
SYMPATHY WITH HUNGARY AND POLAND . A public meeting was ~ Held ^ on Monday evening at the large room , Cowper-street , City-road , to hear a lecture upon the above subject from Feargus O'Oonnor , Esq ., M . P . Shortly after eight o ' clock , the room being about three-parts full , Mr . O'Connor -made his appearance , and was received with deafening acclamations . In the absence of Henry Vincent , who had heen announced to preside , Thomas Martin Wheeler was called to the chair .
Mr . Wheeler expressed his pleasure at again presiding in thatroom over so large an assembly of his fellow men , who had > met to express their sympathy for their Polish and Hungarian brethren , and thereby offer a solemn protest against oppression , whether exercised abroad or athome . DespotiC-governments were -the same in . all ages and > in every nation , wherever man was despoiled < of his rights ; wherever power < was kept in the hands of the few , there the many were to be found in poverty and destitution . The purple and the palace Ihe wealth and the influence , were
confined to jhose who were entrusted with political power , whilst those who were destitute -of it , were compelled to toil for a bare . subsistence : thankful even for the liberty to toil ; -every attempt they made to rise an the -scale of society was darkened into a orime ; every attempt they made to assert their rights as citizens was the signal for all the military power of the government to be brought against them omtil crushed down to the earth ; they then found that they had nought left them but labour and toil , surrounded on all-sides by the prison , the hulks , the g allows , aad the treadmill . This had been the result
in Hungary , in Poland , and an every nation of the earth , and ever would , until by one vast efforiihey shook off the yoke that oppressed them . The tyrants of Europe had made the very earth that they governed , rich and fat with the blood and the hones of'their slaughtered sons and daughters ; some had escaped their vengeance , and were exiles in jfiiis country and it was to express their syropathy'forlthese men , and their determination to support them , that the meeting had been « alled ; and though it might to some seem of small importance , yet its echo would be heard in the very heart
of Austria 5 the voice of their sympathy , though uttered in London , would ring ia the ears of their oppressors at St . Petersburg and Vienna . The ^ Ch airman concluded by introducing to their notice their old and tried friend , Mr . O'Connor , who , having felt in hig own family and his own person the weight of bitter persecution , was well able to sympathise with all who were oppressed . ( Cheers . ) Mr . O'CONNOB , on rising , was received with waving of hats , & c . When this enthusiastic reception had subsided , he commenced by staling the great pleasure it gave him to assist in carrying out the objects of the meeting . It was not so crowded as the one he had last addressed in that place , but he blamed those
who were absent , and not those who were present Mr Wheeler had told them it was government which kept them in poverty and subjection . He ( Mr . O'Connor ) told them 1 was their own disunion ; and that it was not in the power of any government to keep them in subjection , if they jould but be united amongst themselves . Mr . Wheeler had also told them that their meeting would have an echo in Austria , and he felt throug hout the world . Such would be the effect if they had a honest press ; but now , neither Lord John Russell , nor any person who was not under the grade of a shopkeeper , would hear one word of that meeting . ( Hear , hear . ) If that had been a meeting for Free Trade or Financial Reform , they would have had fifteen or sixteen reporters present : hut , because it was
a meeting of honest working men , to express their sympathy for their poor expatriated Hungarian and Polish brethren , not one member
Sympathy With Hungary And Poland. A Publ...
of the press was present . The press had no sympathy ^ yith them , because it was supported by those classes who lived in comfort . upon theijcredulity and disunion . He attended a meeting on the previous Monday at the . London Tavern , and , though it was held at midday , yet it was a full meeting of shopkeepers , merchants , members of parliament , and others —men who were auxious to elevate their own order , net that of the working men . He had told that meeting some rather unpalatable truths , which , as probably few in the present meeting had heard , he would again repeat , Mr .
O'Connor then gave that witty definition . of the different classes of society living , in one of our fashionable squares , which appeared , in the report of his speech last week , which then was received with cheers , hisses , and laughter , was now greeted with unbounded applause . If the same foreigner who asked these questions were to go into the back slums of London , or into the suburbs of the manufacturing districts , where little children were hurrying to the factories , through streets halfway up ^ to .. their knees in mud , and asked who lived in those wretched abodes , he would learn with :
astonishmentthatit was the men . who supported the other class in aristocratic splendour . ' His family had been persecuted and exiled , in standing up for liberty-in Ireland ; and , therefore , he was an advocate for the oppressed and the exiled , let them come from whatever country they might . Ireland was his country , but the world was his . Republic . The gallant men on the platform might not , understand his language , but they would understand the result of their meeting , and that Englishmen would not allow these brave men to be in danger of starvation . When the Russian and Austrian Governments
knew that English working men were supporting the Hungarian and Polish Refugees , then they would believe that some real sympathy existed for them . He had come ten miles to be present at that meeting , and he would have attended if he had to have travelled one thousand miles ; nothing could give him greater pleasure than to assist the oppressed . If they cast their eyes at France , they would see that the Special Constable Louis Napoleon was tottering on his seat . If his power was destroyed , then would be the time for the Poles , the Hungarians , aye , and
the English , to obtain their rights . If the people of England were united , they might achieve them without spilling a drop of blood , without losing a single hair from their heads . If the hatters , the carpenters , the spinners , and other trades were well employed , they were satisfied ; the man who earned £ 1 was content with it , not reflecting that he might receive £ 2 or £ 3 for the same work , were it not for the jugglery of the middle classes . In the good old times * the stamp of every man ' s labour was on the fabric he made , and he was paid in proportion to his labour ; if to
oblige an employer , he worked extra hours , he was paid accordingly , but now steam had divorced man from his labour . Steam and not government was the ruling power over man ; all the mighty changes it had effected were "benefits only to the capitalists , and not to the shop keepers or working men . and when the whole capital of the country had got into the hands of the few , then the ^ . middle classes would discover the error they had committed . Already they began to-complain j as long as the taxes ' could be ^ wrung fi offir w 6 rfc ' ing men they were content , but they now
began themselves to feel the pressure , and to grow discontented . He was not-a trafficking politician ^ for thirty years he had been before them , and he had never eaten a meal , or travelled a mile at their expense , but had spent £ 100 / 000 in advocating their cause . He had been persecuted and confined in prison for his principles , and though they bad now made him an-M . P ., he considered it more a degradation than an honour ^ neither his vote nor his speech wasof any use to them . If a nincompoop lord spoke nonsense for ten minutes it was reported in the press , with additions and corrections ,
extending to some columns ; but if he spoke for an hour ( and they knew he was not exactly a fool ) , the press -onl y gave him a few lines . He was often called to order for his language in that house ; he did not , like many , make a speech on the platform to court popularity , and retract it when in the house . He told the honourable house , that he did not ^ care whether it was the Pope , the © evil , or the Pretender that was on the throne , so long as there was a power behind the throne greater
than the throne itself :: he was called to order , but he still persisted in it % and he could assure that -meeting , ihat no -offer of any office or place would ever tempt him to desert the people . Take away protection from ifche Land , tithes from the bishops and parsons , and their loyalty would soon follow . Since . the taxes had been in some degree taken off labour and placed « n profit , the middle classes were not so loyal as they used to be . When he uttered these sentiments in the house he was bellowed
at , and attempted to be hooted and shouted down . He was glad to see that the men of London had so greatly exerted themselves on : behalf of the Refugees ; he wished to God that the men in the country had done the same . The last . National Petition was said to be signed by five millions of people ; suppose that each of those contributed a farthing a week , it would give over a quarter of a million of pounds a year ? if they contributed a penny a week , it would give one million a year ; and if they contributed one shilling a " week , it would give twelve millions a year , or it would
purchase 500 , 000 acres of Land on which to locate them , or their English brethren . Did hot ihat prove that all other classes lived by the antagonism subsisting amongst working men ? He would give them Dean Swift ' s Charity Sermon : the Dean being engaged to preach a charity sermon in a fashionable church , and seeing that the audience came chiefly out of curiosity , g ave the following brief sermpa : — " He that giveth to the poor lendeth to the Lord . If you like the security down with your dust . " Those that gave to the Poles gave to a far greater
charity than contributing to support a host of black slags ; so if they liked the security let them down with the dust . When a man propounded a new principle it was at first laughed at , then mocked , reviled and persecuted , until at length it was adopted ; this would be the case with his Land Plan , until the day at length came , when all that desired it should have their little plot of land ; should sit under their own vine , and their own fig tree , none daring to make them afraid . He would not give one fig for the Charter unless it would lead them to the possession of the land . An old couplet said , God gave us light , and saw 'twas good ,
Billy Pitt took it from us , damn his blood . " he ( Mr . O'Connor ) said , " God gave us land , and fishes likewise , tf Tyrants took them from us , damn their oyes . ( Tremendous cheers and laughter . ) . The scriptures said , " that it was easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle , than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of Heaven . " The priests did not care about the Heaven , nor the Bible , they made this earth their Heaven , and the people ' s hell . If a bishop was certain that he must give up £ 24 , 000 a-year to go to Heaven , and that if he retained it he would go to hell , did they for a moment doubt but that he would retain the money ? These were the men who professed to preach the
Sympathy With Hungary And Poland. A Publ...
. '» ¦¦ J « V 1 L ' : religion . of God , but who were ever found most active m injuring their fellow men . Mr . O'Connor then . related an anecdote of his uncle , Arthur O Connor * who had been ordained a parson ; but having preached his first sermon in-Belfast , it was termed a rebellious one , and he ; was excommunir cated , and of course not allowed to preach again . They paid the archbishops , bishops , and parsons in this country above ten . millions a year ; they paid eight millions to support a standing army , and eight millions to support their system-made paupers , whereas , if justice was done tothe people , all would worsnip God according to" the dictates : of their own hearts , and not ia bishop would bo needed in the land : contentment and plenty would abound , there would be no -rebel to . be found in
the country , and , consequently , no need for a soldier ; . and , paupers being unknown , there would be no need of a poor law . The whole of these sums , amounting to sufficient to pay off the interest of the National'i ) obt , might then be saved . The great landlords 'in Ireland were Beginning to feel the effects of the system , ' and their loyalty was oozing out of their , fingers ' ends . i They would soon be obliged to look more to their , land as ameans of maintainingftheir position ,, than to political influence . Hejjiad . long ., since-wam suit , aa ^ raatlthey' must , makefile rnqftvpf ^ thnejr , property b y % viflinjj | £ ^ tail market , yet , for d ^ gWj ? he had bi ^|^ rdj [ r viled than-any man living . Committees ehad-, be , en iiuu ii
appoinieu on me woous oreaua , mo urown Lurids , and other public bodies ; but in no case had such a careful scrutiny been manifested as towards the Land Compaay ; and , while in all the other cases they found that the public' had been robbed and defrauded , in his case he was proud to say , all their malice could not detect even a flaw . Before he concluded , he must inform them that he had received three guineas from the manufacturing districts , for the Poles and . Hungarians . - ( Cheers . ) If he was as rich as he had been before the ingratitude of the Chartist body in saddling him with heavy legal expenses , and the cost of the Land having nearly ruined him , ho would not have attended that meeting to beg for them , but would have contributed it himself , if he had lived ever so frugally to have done
it . In all other countries a portion of the nobility , bankers , merchants , officers , arid of the middle class , were found acting in union with the democracy . He had received from the refugees a beautiful memorial , drawn up by an exiled Pole , who had been a lieutenant in the army , but had quitted it to join the people . Would they find a Lieutenant Redrag in the British army , who would give up his commission to join the people ? Would they not rather find him too happy to shed their blood as a means of securing his own promotion ? He did not come there to make an eloquent speech — stringing together a hnV of words with no meaning . He was anxious to impress his mind upon their minds . He knew they would give him credit for sincerity when he told them , that if to-morrow , he could increase his popularity , by joining with any other party , if he did riot in his heart believe that it would tend to the elevation of their order , he would
remain on his oars , and suffer in popularity , rather than' be a party to their deception . Ho had given up every enjoyment in life to promote theirwelfare ; his only visits were to the meetings of working men ; he was not like John O'Connell , he did not say he would die on the floor of the house , he would not willingly lose the * last joint of his little finger for the Charter , because he was convinced that if they ' were united it could bo achieved without sacrifice or bloodshed ; but he would rather lose his head than abandon' the cause he had so long battled for . He was now getting old , and many of their young leaders seemed anxious to snuff . him out ; if they could effect more good than himself , he was willing to lie on his bars —( loud cries of " no , no , and they shan't , " );—but however he might be reviled , he would still remain steadfast to the Charter , and would not willingly allow others to go beyond it . Mr . O'Connor sat down loudly cheered , indeed his whole address was frequently interrupted by prolonged bursts of applause .
The Chairman then announced , that the refugees would sing some of their , national songs . This was done , and the whole audience seemed animated with the spirit-stirring words of the " Barcarole , " . ii ^ flassamello , " "Marseillaise , " and other noble songs of freedom ' s sons . Mr . •©'• Connor , who fleemed delighted with tbe enthusiastic spirit evinced , proposed a subscription for the'benefit of the refugees , which was immediately'carried into effect , Mr . O'Connor collecting on the platform ; the result was that nearly £ 2 was collected in addition to the charge for admission and the collection at tlve door , ' ' "
Mr . Brown : then TOOved a vote of thanks to Mr . 'O'Connor ; he was the only public man who had nobly come forward and done his duty to thosegallant men ; he taxed them all with negtect of duty , they vapoured and foamed about Kossuth and Bern , but he should have no more faith in them ; it was all humbug , they had no sympathy except for themselves '; he called on them , as working men , to do their own work , to pay-no man for agitating , but to agitate themselves ^ they had mind and intellect sufficient in themselves to carry on , in their homes , in their workshops , in every place of public resort , the great work of democratic propagandism , without the assistance-of these would-be leaders . They must nee their own judgment , and no longer be duped by men whom they had flattered and spoilt ;
he spoke a plain -language but it was the language of truth . . If he thougjpStr . O'Connor acted wrong he would at once tell hj ^ fso ; they were greatly indebted > to him for bis presence at that meeting , but they had not done with him yet ; he must do more for them , he musfc . go ; to the Polish Ball at 'Guildhall , and demand a share of the receipts for those men . [ Mr . O'Connor :: I will do'it ; -which was followed by enthusiastic applause . ] Lord Dudley Stuart had deceived these men ; he wanted to drive them to America . ; he was fearful they would be too useful to the democratic moveirient in this country . The Poles who received money from Lord Dudley Stuart ' s . Committee were not the men who fought for universal brotherhood , but the men who fought for aristocracy and kingcraft . The humble man who worked hard at his stall was worth more than all
the Lords or Dukes in existence ; the shoemakers of Calendar-yard had nobly done their duty to these men ; they did not want men who made fine frothy speeches , * but men of practical deeds and words . He asked his fellow working men to support those brave men , to come and visit them at their Fraternal Home in Turnmill-street , Clerkenwell , and bring them food and raiment , not to give it them as charity , they did not want charity ; those that gave it as charity had better stop away ; it was not charity , but sympathy they asked for ; it was a debt of gratitude that was due to them . They had fought m the battle-field , whilst the democrats of England had comparatively laid on a bed of roses ; the men were accredit to them ; it was a pleasure to see them dr & ssand look so comfortably . on the small pittance they " could allow them . They were all willing to
work ; and those who were learning them trades were delighted with their behaviour . Kossuth , Bein and their companions would soon bo in England ; how could they look those men in the face and say they / Sympathised with them , unless they could at the same time point with satisfaction to the manner in . which they had supported their poorer brethren 1 He invited his fellow men to come among them and see that the funds they had contributed were properly applied . Mr . Brown concluded a long address , which was greeted with great applause , by again thanking Mr . O'Connor for the manner in which he had performed his duty , and reminded him that it was not concluded as long as the men were in this country and needed support . He also suggested that a regular monthly meeting should be held in that room on their behalf .
Mr . Osborne seconded the . vote of thanks , and passed a well-merited compliment upon the last speaker , for his untiring energies on behalf of the refugees , and expressed his hopes that the democrats of the country would do more than they had hitherto done for so praiseworthy an object . The Chjikman then put the vote of thanks , which was carried unanimously amid loud approbation . Mr . O ' Connor , in replying to the compliment , expressed the pleasure it gave him to listen to the enthusiastic and excellent speeches of the two young men who . had last addressed them ; he would ,
with great pleasure , see Lord Dudley Stuart , and demand a portion of the proceeds of the Polish ball ; and he would do more : ho would tell him that it was neither creditable nor honest to deprive them of those funds to which they were justly entitled . ( Great cheering ) Ho would also put aside all other business and attend the monthly meeting in that room on behalf of the refugees ; he felt that it would be a more profitable employment of iris time than even attending in his place in the house . . Mr . O'Connor then left the meeting amid tumultuous applause .
Mr . Stallwood made some observations relative to Mr . Brown charging the leaders of the people with neglect of duty ; he attended thereto prove that the Executive were sympathising with them ; Mr . O'Brien had lectured on their behalf , and Mr ,
Sympathy With Hungary And Poland. A Publ...
Cooper had also made a collection for them at John-stroet ; ¦ Ho concluded by proposing a vote of thanks to Messrs . 'O'Brien and Cooper for their services * and called on < Mr . Brown to second it . Mr . , Bhown , briefly explained , and ; -. < On . the suggestion of the Chairman a rote of thanks was given to the gentlemen named , and also to all who had exerted themselves on behalf of the refugees . A vote of thanks ' was also given . to Mi . ' T . Brown , for his great exertions' oil their ' . behalf . Several foreign and English songs were then given , the audience assisting in their execution ; and this fine display of democratic feeling concluded by a vote of thanks to the Chairman , the meeting having previously come to the resolution of holding a monthly meeting in the same largo place ofassemt Wage .
1 West Riding Delegate Meeting. ,. A .We...
1 WEST RIDING DELEGATE MEETING . ,. A . West Riding Delegate meeting was held at Hartley's Temperance Hotel , Manchester-road , Bradford , on Sunday last , for the purpose of taking into consideration ' the propriety of the proposed Manchester Conference , the proposed ' union with the ;^ Fraternal i Democrats ; ! the . Social Reform Ceaj } ue , 'ftn d ^^^ ! iij , # s 4 # . ? $ § # f ^ ^§ j ^ re ? entefron ^ Er ? drord , : Halifax ,. ;' Bingleyy ? s ^ S ^ f ^^ w # ^ B ^® # rfaS . ' the chair . ' ; '" i- ^ Vtrr ¦ ' ^ - ^ -- ^
The , following resolutions were carried unanimously : — That F . Hinchliffe and W . Murphy audit the accounts . That a levy of 1 b . Gd . be made on each locality represented at this meeting . That Christopher Shackleton be secretary for the next twelve months , .-, That Richard Gee be treasurer . Moved by C . Shackleiion , and seconded by W . Munrnv : — \ That considering the present disorganised and apathetic state of the Chartist body , and consequently the low state of its funds , we think it highly imprudent and impolitic to attempt to hold a Conference at the present time , inasmuch as it is not likely that it could be attended
by but few localities around Manchester , and consequently could not be considered a fair representation of the Chartist body . And being , as we are , opposed to a government of unauthorised and irresponsible dictation , we consider that when it shall be found necessary and prudent to hold a Conference , that the Executive , being the proper head of the Chartist body , are the only parties by whom , and through whom , it ought to be called . And seeing likewise , that the Yorkshire and Lancashire Delegate Meeting , lately held at Hcbden-bridgo , sanctioned the election of the present Executive , we consider thatitwould be a stultification of the decision of that meeting , for the places represented therein to act under the dictation of any other party , until they shall have cither resigned the trust reposed in them , or shall have been deposed by tb * general consent of the Chartist body .
Moved by W . Cockroft , and seconded by W . Angus : — That we are in favour of an union with the Fraternal Democrat ? , the Social Reform League , and the National Reform League , providing that the Charter be considered as the means , and Social Reform as the end , , Moved by W . J . Sucksmith , and seconded by W . Cockroit : — That we discountenance any agitation havng for its object a less measure of justice than that contained in the People ' s Charter . . , Moved by U . Hinchliffe , and seconded by W . F . Sucksmith ;—That each locality be urgently requested to use its utmost endeavours to raise what money it can towards , the aid of the Hungarian and Polish refugees . Moved by H , Brasewem ., and seconded by W . Cockroft : —
That as soon as the circumstances of the case will admit , a contingent fund shall be raised for the purposes of defending the prisoners , and maintaining tbeir families during times of political persecution . A letter was received from Mr . Ernest Jones , which Mr . Murphy moved " should be sent , along with the report of the meeting , for . insertion in the Star and Reynolds ' s Weekly Newspaper \"'• The motion being seconded by Mr . Cockroit , was agreed to unanimously . The following is a copy of the said letter ; : — ¦ " 10 " THE CHAIRMAN OF THE WEST BIMBO DELEGATE
t . MBBTItfO . ' ' . ' Todmorden , < 18 fch : of October . "Mr Dear Sir , —I find , by advertisement in the Northern Star of the 12 th instant , that it is tho intention of tho West Riding to hold a delegate meeting on Sunday next , for the purpose of taking into consideration the propriety of holding a national Conference in Manchester , for the organisation of the Chartist movement . " I trust I shall not be accused of presumption if I venture to offer a few observations on the subject , and request you to communicate them to the proposed delegate meeting . 0 With the proposal of holding a Convention or Conference , I entirely coincide , but las fully disagree as to the expediency of holding it at the present time .
" It is necessary that such a Conference should be a full and fair representation of the national mind ; and , therefore , that the country should be fairly represented therein . This , at the present time , is a perfect impossibility ; for few localities are at present in ft Sufficient state of organisation to enable them to elect and send a representative . A Conference like the one proposed is a heavy expense to tho country—and , unhappily , most localities are unable to raise sufficient funds to support their local organisation , much , less will they bo able to support the expense of sending a delegate , and bearing their quota in the outlay which such a Convention must occasion . Moreover , many of those places which returned delegates to the Convention and Assembly of 1848 , have no political existence as
members of tho association . Neither council , committee , nor members , are now to be found ; therefore the machinery is failing , whereby they would be enabled to send delegates to the Conference ; and , althouyh the people are beginning at last to awaken from their lethargy , and the spirit of . democracy is once more beginning to show itself , I maintain it has not yet sufficiently ripened ,, to cause the people spontaneously to come forward for the formation or support of the intended measure . Trade is still too brisk—the public mind is not yet sufficiently prepared—public attention is not yet sufficiently formed —in short , it is not yet time . " The result of forcing tho Conference prematurely on the country , would be that not one place in ten would send a delegate—those lying at a
distance from Manchester cotlld not meet the expense —and we should have a so-called national representative sitting , which would in reality consist of only a few delegate ' s from Manchester and some surrounding towns . We have already experienced the evil consequence of local representation assuming to be a reflex of the national mind—do not let us again commit a similar error . The holding of the Conference is a great and important measure in the present state of our movement , it is imperative that it should be called on a basis sufficiently large , and conducted in a manner effective enough to secure the adhesion of the entire Chartist body—otherwise you run danger of making it a mere party affair , and thus widening the breaches which already exist in our moveinent .
* ' If , however , on the other hand , the meeting of the Conference is postponed for a few months—say , till May or June—you will command adhesion and advantages which it is now impossible to secure . " The interval must be employed in organisation , in recruiting the defunct localities , in reawakening the public mind , —and another thing requires especially to bo taken into consideration : the ensuing Session of Parliament will doubtless be one' of great importance , party spirit will probably run higher than it has done for a long time—exciting topics must inevitably be brought before the country—we ought to wait , so that we may take advantage of this , in order that we may be enabled to guide tho public mind at so critical a conjuncture . "At that time , above all others , it would be
necessary for a Conference to assemble : Not at the opening of the Session , or , indeed , as at present proposed , actually a month before its opening —\ mt when the hollowness of party promises , and the treachery of Whig statesmen shall have roused the indignation of tho people—and when it is requisite for the people effectually and authoritativel y to protest against the delusive measures of their rulers , and for democracy to assume that proud , prominent , and decisive position , which a full and / afr representation of the national mind through the means of a Convention , can alone enable it to do . " At present , a Conference could only be a partial and ineffectivej'epresentatire of the people , as such it would not be considered as binding on the majority , and it would possibly be more injurious than beneficial to the movement .
" I am emboldened . to offer these remarks , as they arc founded on the experience of my present tour I have now visited most of the principal towns of England and Scotland , and plainl y perceive that they are not in a position to support a National Conference , nor sufficiently aroused yet to act on the suggestion of holding one ; on the other hand , tho democratic spirit is reawakening ; the promise of a
1 West Riding Delegate Meeting. ,. A .We...
glorious movement is apparent on every sid &\ but it must not j 3 eprematurelyfor . 6 ed . into . action . ~ It mujfc have time to develope itself under -a ^ good system-of agitation for ; a ; : few : mpnths . i ; Tho . means for this agitation are abroad , an Executive exists , several lecturers are in the field . ¦ Democratic literature i $ raoro . abundant rthan ever , ' organisation isprocec . ttY ing , several new localities'Ureforming . Wait / arid ^ f ^ i 5 ? t only tpihbld a Convention worthy of being t
„ ...--, ..., v > uo cannon nu . wbe done , namely , to back it by / the power of publiff opinion irom without .- . . . * ; T "Believe me ' to be , my dear sir , ' .. . " Yours faithfully , ¦ * . ¦ •** ,. ^ "Ersest Jones . ' * All communications for the West Hiding secretary must in future beaddressed to Christopher Shackle ton , Queenshead , near Halifax . .-.- ; -
©Muvrt Crtminal ©Otttt. ' •
© MUVrt Crtminal © otttt . '
The October, Session Of The Above Court ...
The October , session of the above court ( the WgN of the present mayoralty ) , commenced on Monday with the usual formalities . . ¦ ^ ¦¦ ¦?\ Robbery bv a WAREHOUSEifAy . —Faul Frazery 33 , warehouseman , was indicted for stealing a quantity of woollen cloth , called doeskin , the property of Thomas M'Gregor .-The prosecutor id this case is a warehouseman , carrying on business in Cheapside , and it appeared that the prisoner had come into'his service with very good testimonials aS to character , and ho was employed in a responsible ; capacity .,, It appeared that on the 3 rd of September , in consequence of something that transpired ^ Mr . M'Gregor-sent for the prisoner into the cciinfr ing-house , and , upon his turning out his pockets ffi
hisrequest ,, ' three letters addressed to the prosecm tor and two other persons in his service were found in his possession . These letters the prisoner had improperly detained , and upon this occasion tha prosecutor discharged him iroin his service . At this time ,. it would seem , Mr . M'Gregor was not awarothat he had been robbed , but upon the prisoner writing to . him a short time afterwards , audi requesting that a : 'desk' which belonged'to : . hini should ,-b ' e delivered up , ' the desk in question wafit ii ^ B | di , and a . number of pawnbrokers' ^ duplicates , r | f ^ rmMto ] Varm inSI by ! tTBe ;; 2 g ^ disajsveredl ; h > Among the ' 'd . u ^ which ^ formed the subject *" of ^ he present ^ inquiry ' , arid " the prosecutor sworo pdsitivojyvto the fact of it
having ' formerly been among hiastocK The pawnbroker's shopman , however / was unable to identify the prisoner as the person who pawned it . —Thfr jury , ; after a-short deliberation , returned a verdicfc of A ' ot Guilty . ; . The prisoner was then charged upon another indictment with stealing a scarf , a table cover , and a piece of waistcoating , the property of the sarafe prosecutor . —The facts of this case were precisely the same as the lust , with the exception that * , the shopman of tho pawnbroker with whom the table cover had been pledged expressed a belief thatch ? prisoner was the person who pledged it . —The jury , after deliberating for some , time in the box , said they wished to retire . They were absent half-anhour , and they then returned into court , and again gave a verdict of Not Guilty .
Tub Charge op Manslaughter ' against a Policeman . —Just before the rising of the Court the grand jury brought in a bill against Nathaniel Eaton Busholl , a police-sergeant , which they returned " not found . " . . ¦ , Misdemeanour . —Charles Nicholls , 34 , traveller , a respectable-looking man , was indicted for , a misdemeanour . —The facts of this case were somewhat singular . The prisoner had gone into the house of Mr . Jones , of the Adam and Eve , Jewin-street , and presenting the card of a highly respectable wine arid beer merchant's in tho city , solicited an order : for the firm . He then called for some gin , and ten * deredabad shilling in payment . This was given back to him , and he then gave another from hjg purse , which was also bad ; it was detected by " ; ' ttia landlord , and handed back to the prisoner , who
ultimately left the house . Information was given to a police constable , who followed the prisoner , arid from what he saw of his movements , deemed it his duty to take him into custody , which ho did , and took him back to the prosecutor ' s house , when , upon reaching the door , prisoner put his hand into his pocket and then to his mouth . The officer seized him by the throat , and succeeded in dislodging the two counterfeit shillings which he wag about swallowing . He was then locked up , and upon inquiry being made at the firm he purported to represent , it turned out that he was not known to them beyond having obtained some of their cards , and asked if they would supply any orders he might have to give . —The jury found him Guilty . ^—The prisoner , who had been before tried and con » victed at this court , was sentenced to six months . imprisonment .
Uttering Base Coik . —Michael Ullmer , 52 , weaver , and Charles Hooper , 18 , carpenter , were indicted . for uttering counterfeit coin . —From the evidence it appeared that on the 9 th of October the prisoners drove down to Uxbridge in a horse -atid cart , and visited a number of shops , passing in each instance a bad shilling , being detected before they got away . They got possession of some by returning good money for them . One of the parties was then seen to bury the money in a bag , upon which information was given to the police , and the pi-isoners being taken search was made for the bag " , which was found , and in it above thirty bad shillings , and some bad coin on Ullmer , and also between £ 3 and £ 4 j ? ood money , some of the coin
they , had passed and got back was found in the bag . In the cart was found a quantity of penny loaves and small pieces of cheese , and other small articles , which they had purchased . —Theprisoners , who are from the neighourhood of Beibnal-green , upon coming into the' dock , were recognised by a large party in the gallery . They were both convicted , and ' sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment . / Robbing an Empmter— Paul Frazer , who was acquitted upon two indictments charging him with robbing , his master , Mr . M'Gregor , a warehouseman , in Cheapside , was again arraigned upon a third charge of the same character . The July , without any hesitation , returned a verdict of Guilty . —Mr . Huddlestone said he was requested to state , 1
for the information of the court , that in additionto the cases against the prisoner , which had already been disposed " of , there was very good ground for believing that he had committed other depredations upon Mr . M'Gregor , to a very considerable extent . —The Recorder then sentenced hira to-be trans * ported for seven years . - Burglary . —ilenry Hyams , a Jew , aged 40 , described as a dealer , was indicted for a burglary , in the dwelling house of Louis Nathan , arid . stealing a silver butter knifp , his property . In another count the prisoner was charged with receiving , the article in question , knowing it to have been stolen . Tho prosecutor . depo ' sed' > thn £ he was a merchant and resided at No . 10 , Eihshiiry Circus . On the night
of the 23 rd of September the family went to rest about twelve o ' clock , and the next morning , at half past six o ' clock , upon his going down stairs . ho found the house in confusion , and his servants informed himthat the premises had been entered during the night by the back area window , and 'heascertained upon further investigation that a considerable quantity of plate , which he valued at £ 80 , had been stolen . Among the articles so taken was ) a silver butter knife , and he identified the one now produced as that which had been stolen on the night in question . —George Trew , one of the City of London detective police force , deposed that on the evening of the 20 th of September , while he was sitting at tea in his own house in Monkwelbstreet ,
City , he saw the prisoner pass his window , and knowing hira , he resolved upon following him . The prisoner proceeded to Shoe-lane , where he stopped a short time at the corner ; he then went on to Holborn , and after that to a public house in Kingstreet , Drury-lane , where he remained for twenty minutes . He then again went into Holborn , where witness stopped him and asked him where he had been , and he said he had been for a walk . Witness told him he suspected that he had stolen property about him , and he should wish to search him . Tho prisoner said ho had nothing about him but a pufsa and a few shillings , and he expressed his readiness to be searched , and witness took him into a public house , and after examining his person he found tho silver butter knife which he now produced in his breast coat pocket . lie then told the prisoner that
he should take him into custody for having the butter knife in his possession , and he replied , " Oh , don't . '' And he at the same moment put his hand into his trousers pocket , and when he pulled it out witness laid hold of him and found a £ 5 note in his hand . The prisoner then said to him , " Take that ,, it is as square as a guinea , and let me go . " Upon this ho took the . prisoner into custody , and locked him up in the Smithfiold station house . —The jury found the prisoner Guilty of feloniousl y receiving tho butter knife , knowing it to have heen stolen -Z In answer to a question put by the learned iud « e . tho officer said he was not aware of the prisonet having ever been convicted before , and the reason ho was induced to follow him upon tho occasion in question was , that he had repeatedl y seen him in company with notoriously had charactors .-Tho prisoner was sentenced to bo imprisoned and kept to hard labour for twelve months .
Iarmoutii .—A Public Meeting, Convened B...
Iarmoutii . —a public meeting , convened by the mayor , was held on tho 21 st inst ., to receive a deputation from the council of tho . Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association ; Sir Joshua Walmsley , alone represented tho Association , mado a very discursive speech . Our correspondent ' s opinion was , that tho whole proceedings must leave the impression , that those who would win the great bulk of the people to their cause must stand upon tho broad basis of principle , and "iSSff' Tunnel CoMrum -This grtrt undertaking was completed last week , when it ^ . ag visited by several parties ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 26, 1850, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_26101850/page/1/
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