On this page
- Departments (2)
-
Text (9)
-
' D ECEMBER 26, 1846. ™~ -r- ^ „. ^ , .;...
-
fawign iBoDeimnts.
-
u&A 1 will war, at leastra wards, ^j JsJ...
-
TIIE POLISH PRISONERS IN SIBERIA. The Si...
-
eMmu'ai antt jftreigit Jntellissmr*
-
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. Uncertainty and delay...
-
Attempt to Obtain Money by False Pbktesc...
-
IKKLANft" STATU OF THE "COUNTRY—SPREAD O...
-
having called at the bakery of Mr. UuL'i...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
' D Ecember 26, 1846. ™~ -R- ^ „. ^ , .;...
' D ECEMBER 26 , 1846 . ™~ -r- ^ „ . ^ , . ; H y , T ^ % }} 3 Fj 7 % . 0 > f S B T - '¦¦ '¦ V ^ [ v , " THE NQRTHEH ^ STAR ; .-,. - ,.,,, --.. ~ : ™ - ...,,.,.,.,. _ . ^ , ^ . ^ ., » , ^ , ^ ,, « ^ 7 ^
Fawign Ibodeimnts.
fawign iBoDeimnts .
U&A 1 Will War, At Leastra Wards, ^J Jsj...
u & A 1 will war , at leastra wards , ^ j JsJo oulasiy chance so happen—needs , ) tfith all who war with Thought !" Qfyik I hear a little bird , who sings J * * . peop le bvand by will he ihestronger . "_ Braojr
T AMERICAN AGRARIAN REFORMERS * i n ihe early part of the present year the National ceWcrs addressed a memorial to Congress setting i * th th » the thBe httd come wben a system should ** ^ atcd * as regards tlie Pahlic Lands , which Lid p lace their disposition nnon the broadest ria « P w of Justice and right , and secure to the 5 i ( ileP P ! e ' faF eveT ' . tUe , r national and inalienable wiffl tf in Ihe so , ''' This docnmeat was presented to o » flense of Representatives b * Mr . Ilerrick , of XcwTork . The House referred the memorial to a ^ airaittcei but refused to print it by a vote of 72 to fjnrinir the spring gocd progress was made in fennsvlvania , Massachusetts , and Illinois . \ t the « wins election ( thisyear ) for Mayorof New ufr and otter municipal officers , the Reformers * -ninni . d Ransom Smith for Mayor . Thev polled X honored more votes th . m they had polled at the pr election of 1845 .
"' Afe wdaispreTioustothe election taking place a very large open air meeting was holden in th ' n fark . a report of which appeared in the Northern g , 3 r of the 36 tb of May last . The meeting was i oicf * ^ ? tn ° f April , and -will long be rememjjrjd in New York as the first great demonstration gf the American people in support of a true Republic . John Commerford presided , and the meeting was jflaressen by Messrs . Ryckman , Evans . O'Connor , jCriege- Bnmson . Trantwein , Rand , Dreher , Arn old , Gould , Manning , Niles , Merrill , Glaser , ^¦ egner , and Beeney . We repeat a few extracts fron the address and resolutions adopted at the njeetins : —
The glorious revolution of T 6 developed new truths in $ e science of civilized government , and asserted for the people rights never before [ so far as history informs us ) asserted nnder such favourable auspices , as to popular jatelligence , territory , and other circumstances . Bat some most essential rights so asserted are yet only in prospect- Therefore the revolution is not completed . y ? e have thrown off foreign rulers , tut have retained foreign systems . We have assumed the right to covern ourselves , but we have not yet governed justly . We have declared an equality of rights , bnt w « have not practised ijpan the declaration . Strange though it may setm , it is
so less true than strange , that wehav-.- mistaken Slavery lor freedom . Let it now and henceforth be proclaimed jo the world , that there can be no freedom where any aaa is coerced hy any sort of force or necessity ; to labour for another ; that to ce free , a man must hare a sovereign and inalienable right to soil enough to subsist apon . We assert ; tnen , the EQUAL IUGHT OF afAlf f 0 TIKE ^ OIL ^ and DEMAND its restoration to the people . ^ Ve ask that all the people mar possess equal r ights , in practice as well as theory , in order that all may li « the best possible opportunity for the pursuit of hapjfeesf- "We demand a free soil for a free people . -
In ill nations-where a raoaopoly of the soil has existed , no matter what ihe form of government , the mass of the peop le isave been held in slavish dependence by the few . Seventy years experience has shown ns that a government , nevir so republican in other respects , is powerless lo secure freedom to a pe-.-ple among whom a monopoly of the soil is tolerated . * # * = 5 = W / e will srrFEE no longer delay . Already the land is tilled , the Torfcshops are filled , the mines are wrought , ana the ships are navigated by LANDLESS HEX , * ho
iave scarcely a chance of escape from servitude , and Ttiose children must inevitably he wh-. t tlie children of l & bonr in England are now ! Already is the agricultural papulation scattered . and themochanical crowded in cities that capital may monopolise the roads and saddle the producers with rents . Disregarding the warning voice Of a Jefferson , we have " become idled np . in lai £ i- cities as in Europe , " and gone ' * to eating one another as they do there . " Our duty to our children cries aloud for It - formaiion . TVe must put an end to the Landed Aristocrscv and save the Eepublie .
The present system enables the rich to absorb the proceeds of labour "; through rents and mortgages . Lit each family have one Homestead and no more , and let all she su : plus land be held by the people for those coming oi' age . 5 o longer then will there be rents or mortsagef . Cr . der cur present system the workers have but ! o receive with one hand from aa employer and pay over with the other to a landlord . Ir-. t them be their own employers and their own landlords , and save a double tax . Under ihe Systran we propose , e : uX ) lo } iagfanneK would stcure freeholds for all their chihlrcn , which not one in ten of them can do now ; wages farmers would be enabled to set tip lor themselves on thiir own freeholds as sooa OS they couM procure the necessary stock and mateiials
mechanics would get out of the cities instead of cror .-.: r .-. g into them , till all c <* nid have their freeholds both in and oat ; men who work under gtouud in the mines would have better pay or they would stay upi . n " the surface ; seamen would have better pay , better treatment , ai : d better accommodations , or they would stay oa sho .-e : no longer would men enter a Xavy or Army to be or Jered about by officers not ot their own choosing 5 and the rich , who now squander tiie proceeds of others' labour , though deprived of some of their luxuries , would £ » d ir a greater luxury to consume the products of their own labour , and would find their advantage in the general weal , and in tlie security of a competence , instead of ihe chance of superfluities . A LANDED DEMOCRACY then , now and for ever !
SSS 0 I . UT 10 XS . - Resolved , — That with the facts staring them in the f acs of gr . i'iaaliy decreasing means among the prouueing Classes , ia proportion ze the increase of the powers of production through thtir own ingenuity , it is disgractful ta leii-laturs that they have no : discovered a remedy for a wrong- so papable . Resolved , —That where there are large prisons and poor houses in a country that has f-rtile land uncultivated , they are an evidence of misgovermnent . Besolvtd . — That if all men have an inalienable right to life , liberty , and the pursuit of happiness , as we firmly lelfcve they have , it must ba tha * they have an inalienable riiht to use the earth , . without which life cannot b = SUSlaiaedjlibert ^ perseviTedjOr bappisessenjoyed ; theref we no man , or set cf dice , ought to he allowed to monopolise hereafter more of the soil than could be possessed fcv every citizen who desired it .
Resolved , —That the land of the world belongs to the people of ' ihe world , and thai no government has a light . to do anything with the land hut to secure it for the equal ' ^ se of its citizens ; therefore , not another acre of ihepub- ; - . fends of the United States ousht to be sold or appro- j 2 lr ated to any other use whatever than the sustenance cf I itbeldtrs . < I E < saived . —That hereaft . will consider all leglsla- ors who uphold land rsonopoly < -r neglect to use all their j powers to abolish it as robbers far more culpable than piondtrc-rs of movable property . _ j Rtiolvtu , —That as land traSc is productive of desti- j tuden , misery , tnd-crime , ire must hereafter regard any I man who buys land for any other purpose than his own j or Ids familv ' s cultivation as a land-stealer . j
Eesoi ved , That land monopoly is the greatest political evil that exists in any civilised country : that therefore the people of each country r , ughito limit the amount Of land to be held by Individuals , and that it is the duty © f the Uaind States to set an examp le to the nations . In April an election took place for , delegates tothe ^ ew York Constitutional Convention . This was a Convention- appointed to remodel the constitution of Xcw York . Of the results of the labours of this body we shall speak hereafter . Again the lieformers intrtased the nnmbcrol their -votes , and two candidates on ike "Democratic Ticket-J . H- Hunt , and S . J . Tildec—whose names were also placed on the " . National Reform Ticket , " were elected . In the counties of New York , tse ^ nti-Renters and National Refornisrs comwned elected thirteen
dde-On the 3 rd of June , the " Industrial Congress , held its firetsannual meeting at Boston . Amongst the delegates " were Horace Searer , G . W . ilatcn Lotus Sfasonerier , Albert Brisbane , U . BeciHSJt M- *• O ' Connor , G . D . Evans , and Herman kJiege * aunmher of fcmaledelegates were also present . A deal ot tmsiues * , of an interesting and important cuaracten was transacted . Amongst ether matters , a memo , rial to Congress was adopted , of which the ioiiuwing paragraph formed the conclusion : —
In order , then , -to reverse the present downward tendencv of labour ; to secure , as far as can be done by coBsututionalactionoftheseneralgovenimeBtj tfiemeans of iadtpendencato that poraon of thepeop lenow deprived of them ; to prevent the rapid increase of crime and pauperism through the unnatural augmentation of city populations , so much dreaded by the far-sighted Jefferson ; to enable the mass of the people to enjoy the numerous tDcchauical and scientific inventions of their industry and ingenuity ; to do away With a principal cause of war , a eearefor the acquisition of territory ; and to establish a democracy based on the laws of nature and the rights of man ; for these , among other reasons , we , a body re-Preseaungassociatioiis of the labouring classes m scve-«>* States , and having the confidence and sympathy of aomtrocsfiiends cf human rights taroog hout « he Diaon , 60 respecSfullv rtqnest and strenuously urge that you wili immediatelvputan end ! o every disposition oi the People ' s lauds , " except for the use of actual settlers in Incited quantities .
Amongst other resolutions , the following were adopted : —
EETEiaiCHHEST— STAHDISC ABMT—WAS . "Whereas , Revenue is , by some , made an excuse for the E , Me of the People's Lands by Congress , therefore Resolved , —That the pay of the members of Congress , and of < dl the officers of the government , ought to be re duced to what the same labour and talent would require ia ordinary industrial occupations . Rtsoived , That the standing army ought to he abolished . Resolved , —That no war for disputed territory ought * o be entered upon , while the territory already fought for is Withheld from the people .
U&A 1 Will War, At Leastra Wards, ^J Jsj...
Regolved .-That no landless man ought to engage in any war unless with a view of restoring hi , righfto the Previous to the late "fall election " an aii » mn » *^ y ^ pfi ^ &* 2 s £ Jl ™ ° / theRational Reformer * for the return GoveS ° ter > ee 3 f r ^ T- * " * UeutenanT a S ^' i TJ tt « nP 5 ' » M , however , nnsncceasful . A . majOllty of the Anti-Rent delegates determined IZTl ^ , Ud , S ° ? o ardner ' the Dcm ° cratic candidate , tor Lieutenant-Governor . Previous t .. nominating their own candidates the « n !! rrl R ? T ? f , de teimi «^ to question the « T £ n - nd , date ? : and accordingly slut to each the following queries : —
TO PAIITT CANDIDATES At Vie comby Election in New York City , for Senator , AssemUymen , Sheriff , County Clerk , and Coroner . Gehtumes , —The undersigned , a committee of the ftafionallU-form Association , appointed to question candidates at the coming eU-ctionrespectingtheraeasures of said Association , respectfully invite you , one and all , to inform us , in writing , whether you will , if elected use whatever influence you may possess to sustain or carry into < ffect the folio i ing measures : — 1 . To prevent all further traffic in the Public Lands of his State and of the United States ^ and cause them to be laid out iu Farms and Lots for the free and exclusive use of actual settlers not possessed of other lauds in limited quantities ! 2 . To limit the quantity of land any individual may hereafter possess in this S tate ?
f The Jfaticnal Reformers concede the expediency of the present holders of laud remaining in possession thereof till death ; and then , after portioning the heirs with the Ic ^ al limited quantity , that the surplus , if any , sh . iul 1 be sold , audtheproceeds distributed among the heirs . ] 3 . To exempt the Homestead from alienation on account of any future debt , mortgage , or othsr liability ? i . To limit the hours of labour to ten on all public worfcs , or in establishments by law ? 5 . To adjust salsries to the average compensation 0 f useful labor ! ( Tn place of tbis , to the candidates for county offices . —To appropriate all the nett income of your office over one thousand dollars as a fund to locate the surplus lalor on the land f ) 6 . To liberate from prison immediately the remaining victims of the Anti-Rent difficulties 2
An answer at yoar earliest convenience will oblige , Yours , for a Tree Soil , Geokge n . Evans , E . s . 3 Ias .-nis .-c , Rahsom SstirH , " Wm . Abbuthnot , John Windt . The majority of the " party candidates" did not deign to even notice tbe | above queries . Of those -who did reply , three of the " Liberty party" ( Slavery Abolitionists ) were the first . The reply of the Liberty
candidate for the Governorship though , in many respects excellent , was deemed to be not un to the mark . The Liberty candidate for the Lientenant-Governorship returned a perfectly satisfactory reply , and was accordingly i .-ominated for the same office by the National Reformers . Another of the Liberty candidates { for canal commissioner ) was also nominated . Subsequently one of the Democratic , and one of theWhic candidates for "Assembly , " sent in their aoVsion to the Reform pled » e ; these two were elected .
It has been already staled in this paper , that Ihe elections resulted in the triumph of the Whigs . But this triumph was brongh about by Anti-Rent rotes . The editor of Young America says , — . The Anti-Renters have carried the State , having elected , I believe , every candidate they nominated , Governor , Lieutenant Governor , Canal Commissioners , Congressmen , a Senator , and at least ten Members of . Assembly . Mr . Young is el . cted by about ten thousand majority , all Anti-Rent votes . The AntUlenfera , it will be recollected , took the Whig candidate for Governor , tbe Democratic candidate for Lieutenant Governor , and a Canal Commissioner from each party , all of-whom are elected . The death-knell of Feudalism is sounded 1 In a subsequent number ef Young America the editor again says , —
The " Democrats made a shocking mistake in their mealy-mouthed opposition to rested wrongs . The Whigs hare carried the State , though the real triumph is the Anti-Rentirs who have wielded the balance of power . Sext to the bad policy of the Democrats in upholdi >! g Land Monopoly , aud keeping men in prison for opposing it , trie Mexican war hashed its effects against thera . and justly so . The Free Trade Humbug , too , had its influence . To balance this bad policy they had only the single good measure of the sub-Treasurer , the good effects t » f which the war expenses have neutralized . The whigs have triumphed in Michigan , in ilassachnssetts , in Florida , and Iona . There is evidently now no redemption for the defeated party , but to stop the war without further cost or massacre ; let alone Free Trade until other things are right ; and come out for a pbee soil . If they had taken the advice of the National Reformers , two years ago , th ? y would now have been triumphant , instead of being defeated and disgraced .
The celebrated Mike Walsh placed on the " Democratic ticket . " was elecited ; and although not p'edjjed is ftiUy committed and thoroughly devoted fo the . National Reform Measures . lie has now the opportunity of doing mankind incalculable service ; for though he is but one man let him but point out the knaves who may dare to stay the march of jucticc and the people will annihilate th' m . It may be necessary to repeat what we have before fully shown in the Star , that the American Whig rariy , numbering amongst its chiefs , Webster . Clay , & e ., answer to onr Conservatives . The "Democratic" party answers to onr motley gang of Whig ? , Liberals , and Slnm-Radicals . Workingmen , comprise the sreat ma ? s of the democratic party , to which they have attached thenvelves because the party is called " Democratic . " These working men are in a similar position to that which the working
mnn of lorkshire w re some yea s a « o when they were proud of being called "Tollers , " and shouted and fought for any tinny so long as he mounted a yellow ribbon . Chartism , however , has put an end to all that ; and now the working men of Yorkshire are much prouder of being Chartists than they ever were of being "Yollers . " They now follow principles , not party fooleries . The National Reformers and Anti-Renters are working a similar chance in New York , and , consequently , the working men are falling * vway from the slam and joining the real democrats . Besides , the "Whirrs seeing the march of " progressive democracy " are biddir . 5 for popular support . In addition to Ennwicg themselves favourable to liberating tbe Anti-Rent prisoners , some of the Whigs , at the recent election , swallowed National Reform and Anti : Rent pledges ; hence the triumph of the Whigs , and the defeat of the so-called " Democrats . "
Mr . Evans says , the " Democrats" if they would save themselves " must come out for a Free Soi ' , " They are already coming out ! At a meeting held at Tammany Da !! , the head quarters of the " Democrats , " the following preamble and resolutions were adopted " with great enthusiasm and very little opposition : —" Whereas , we agree with President Jackson in his message of 1832 , that" tD afford every American citizen of enterprize ihe opportunity of securing an independent freehold , it seems to ns best to abandon the idea of raijing a future revenue out of the public lands , " and With Amos Kendall , in his address to the Hickory Club , when he says , " abo \ e all , enable every American citizen to procure a freehold on the public domain , and our Union is safe , our government redeemed , peace restored throughout our borders , and our liberty fixed on a rockr and with a Committee of ihe House ot
Representatives of 1814 , when they say , " the freeholder is the natural support of a free government , aud it should be the policy of Republics to multiply their freeholders , as it is the policy of Monarchies to multiply their tenants ; we are a Republic , and we wish to continue so ; then multiply the class of freeholders , and pass the Public Land cheaply and easily into the hands of the people Srll for a reasonable pr | ce to those who are able to pay , and ' jhe miOioutprice to those who are not . " And with Mr . ilamlin , who said in the Congress of 18 t 4-3 , that ' whatever policy the government might adopt , that was to be preferred which would prevent the common domaia from golsgiuto the hands of the speculating classes , and securing : o the actual settlers a home , " and with Mr . Robert Smith , who said in the sime Congress , "it is the duty of the government , as 1 believe interest also , to taalct rac n a freeholder" therefore
every , Resolved , That we are with General Jackson and others , above quoted , opposed to the idea of raising anyfuture revenue out of the public lands . Resolved , That for the purpose of giving a chance to every able andwffl £ ng-t » Ja * wrci * 'zea to become a freeholder , we are opposed to letting the Public Domain into the hands of any , in any manmr , save in limited quautitles , to the actual settler and real cultivator . More proofs of progress in our next . Ihe National Reformers are destined to conquer . Hurrah , !
Tiie Polish Prisoners In Siberia. The Si...
TIIE POLISH PRISONERS IN SIBERIA . The Siecle contains the following article on the Poles in Siberia : — Tie Governments calling ' themselves paternal and legitimate tarnish themselves with tbe commission ot cruelties , aud , in default of a more direct and quick chastisement , the press is called upon to punish them by giving publicity to their deeds . ^ Ye fulfil that duty in giving , from a Polish journal published in Pans , an account of the sufferings endured by tbe Poles 111 Siberia The truth of the following account is vouched by M .
RufinRotrowski , a native of the Ukraine , who , tempted , by the desire of again seeing his native land , returned in 1813 nnder an Italian name . After a residence of nine months , during which he emp loyed himself in giving lessons in the French language , M . Piotrowski ' snabona'ity was discovered through an imprudence to which , as he admits , was not wholly a stranger . Being arrested he at once ownedhis identity , in order not to comnromi-e his friends , and expecting that at all events he would not be visited with any heavier punishment than an order to leave the country , since his conduct had been
Tiie Polish Prisoners In Siberia. The Si...
such as not to give any ground of complaint . M . Piotro . ski sooned . learned his error , and' that having been a soldier of the revolution of 1830 and a political emigrant were of those crimes which the Czar does not forgive . Sent into Siberia he was at first set to work in the company of frfons and inorderL-rs , in a Goveramentdistillery . After two years of misery ' and torture he resolved 10 at . tempt to effect his escape , and in thu month of January " f the present year he qait ' tod the place of his exile , selectingwinter .-isthemostl ' avourableseason . sincelakes , rivers , ag < l marshes , ate crossed with more facility when frozen . The reasons which have prevented M . Piotrowslci jjiA'ing his itinerary will be easil y understood . lie limits 1-imself to state , that he crosses the Ural mountains , over borrcn prouud and ice and frightful wild , havin-f on more than one occasion been three days without any food ; afraid of asking shelter from the inhabitants of tee
country , lie dug holes in ths snow for a resting . place at nisht , and frequently iu the morning it was with great difficulty he could get out of his hiding-place owing to quantities ofdiift snow over the entrance . After onrturing a thousand dangers and sufferings which he could not have supposed he could have endured , ho reached the shores of the White Sea , and then St . Petersburg !) , and Ultimately he passed the Russian frontier and arrived at Paris on the 22 nd of last October , after' an absence of three years au-1 eight months , during which time he had travelled at least 4 000 leagues on foot . During his stay in Siberia Jfr . PiotrowsUi had many opportunities of con . versing with prisoners condemned for political crimes on their way to the place of their exile , as also with iuhabi . tants of the country , and even with persons in the era . ployment of ihe Government , and the following are some of the facts he learned from some of the persons amongst the best informed : —
" Tho number of Poles exiled in Siberia exceeds 50 . 000 ; many are put to hard labour in some of the establishments ; the greater number of them are located on the 1-inds belonging so the administration of transported felons . There is a Roman Catholic church there , and two priests are annually sent to give religious consolation to the convicts . Colonel P . Wy = o . » ki . chief of the insurrection of the 29 tli of Xovember , 1830 , was wounded and taken prisoner at the attack of Warsaw in 1831 , and was in 1 S 34 condemned to hard labour in the mines of Nertchintk , in Eastern Siberia , where he met a number of his countrymen , sentenced to the same punishment . Shortly after their arrival , they concerted a -plan of escape , and gained over a . Russian peasant to take thc-m over to the opposite bank of a river , and to be afterwards their guide . The Poles having mustered on the
bank of the river iu the night , the peasant took them to an island , and under pretext of ascertaining whether they were watched , went to give information to the superintendent of the works ; the poor exiles were compelled to surrender , and were thrown into prison . Peter Wi'SOski , the heroofsomany battles , was condemned to receive 1 , 500 blows of the stick '; he underwent . his sentence with the constancy of a martyr , and after being cured , he was '" sent to the fortress at Akatui , situated further to the east , to work at the fortifications ; there he works , convirsing with no one , and abuts himself up in his hut at night . The following is another instance of an at . tempt at escape , followed hy a more cruel punishment : — - Tho Abbe Sicrachuki , a native of tlie Ukriane , thehc-fl of tlieBasilian convent of Owr ? nz , in Volhynia , who devoted himself to the instruction of youth , accused of
having taken a part in the insurrection of 1831 , was deprived of his religious chni'actn , and placed as n private 5 n a r-rr iment of Siberian Cossacks who guards the frontier of Russia on the si e of the independent Tartar tribes . Being a man of letters , he was placed at the head of the regimental school established at Omsk . At that place he fell in with a certain number of Poles , and tt i- " . v laid tha plan of escaping by penetrating the Kirgusian Steppes into theKhanat and Tascbkent , and gaining through the Tartar country the English northern Indian possessions , The Abhe first communicated his project to his countryman Zgorki , who had served as Captain under Napoleon , and who , for having talcen part in the insurrection of 1830 , was sentenced to serve for life as a private in a Siberian rpgiment of infantry . Several other insurgents were , subsequently made acquainted
with the project , hut three Poles , soldiers in the same re . giment , having pot drunk , let out the secret in presence of the Commandant of the Fort of Omsk . Immediately an order was given to arreat more than four hundred Poles , soldiers , and others . The preliminary proseed . ings against them lasted three years . Two commissions , appointed one aftct the other , were dissolved withoutcoining to any conclusion . A third commission made a report , ' and pronounced a judgment , which was ap . proved of by the Emperor , hy which t ^ e Abbe Sierncinski and four others were each sentenced to receive 7 , 000 Wows of the stick ; and . should they survive that punishment , to hard labour for life . The others were sentenced to receive from 5 , 00 to S , 000 bio" s . T his sentence was inflicted at Omflt , in the month of March , 1 S 3 T , General Galfifiayfff having been expressly sent from St .
Petersburg !! tobe present . Prince Kortschaloff was then Governor-General of Siberia . At the appointed time for tins sanguinary act two battalions of 1 000 men each were drawn up on th" public place . All Poles had been excluded from these battalions , one of which was io in * flict the sentences extending to 7 , 000 blons , and the other tbe lesser punishments . According tn the Russian reilit-iry co 3 e , the sticks use : l in tbe application of the bastinado are to be of such a thickness , that three of th ; m may be put together in the barrel of a regulation musket ; but the sticks used on the Abbe Sieracinski and the others were so thick that they could be but with difficulty put in a musket barrel . According to the same regulation , the soldiers are to be in close columns , and not to move their elbows from their sides when in the act of Striking , ' but on this occasion there was a distance of one
step between ench man ; and they were ordered to put tluir right foot forward , an 3 to raise their arm , ia order to strike , with all their might . Tbe infliction commenced on those ^ sentenced to 7 . 000 blows * , but the Alibe Sieracinskt was left to bathe last of them . The prisoners , naked to the waist , were led , each in his turn , 14 times through the ranks ( two soldirrs striking at once counts but for one blow ) . When the prifoner falls exhausted , I 13 is raised up , and placed on abench , where he is made tore ' eeive the remainder of his punishment . When the Ab ' -e Sieracinski ' s turn arrived , a doctor went up to him and offered him drink , but he refused , and walked up to his executioners-, singing the psalm , Misere mei Pens ! As he was weak—his constitution shattered hv Ion ?
privations , —he fell after receiving 1 , 000 blows ; he-was then taken up , placed on the bench , made to kneel , his lianas tied behind his hack so as not to protect it , and his head tied to a stake . In this position he was taken round in frent of his executioners . He still breathed at the -t . OOOthblow . He shortly afterwards expired , and more than 2 , 000 blows were inflicted on his lifeless corpse ! The others also sentenced to 7 , 000 blows expired during t ' se infliction , except one , who was spared because he was ill . After having regained his health , he was sent to If < rtchiusk , but , having become mad , he killed hiniS' If the day before the execution . The bodies of the five victims were buried n ear Omsk . Those sentenced to from 500 to 0 , 000 blows received the whole of their sentence . "
Emmu'ai Antt Jftreigit Jntellissmr*
eMmu ' ai antt jftreigit Jntellissmr *
Cape Of Good Hope. Uncertainty And Delay...
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . Uncertainty and delay still attend our movements at the Cape . ' The'Kaffirs still continue active and undismayed , still find that they are the gainers by their campaigns , still discover that the war pays itself . The cattle that they steal has a double value . The young men keep it as a price for buying brides , when they wish to marry ; the chiefs retain it as the terms of an armistice or peace , tor such times as it shall be found convenient to purchase a respite by the restoration of a portion of their spoil . Overtures of peace have been made by the Gaika chiefs . " The Governor ' s terms in substance were trial . That these tribes should lay down their arms . 2 d . That they should give up alt the colonial cattle . . 3 d . That the country as far as . the Kei should be placed under British controul—tho-e Iviiffiis who remain on this s-idc submitting to such regulations as may be made for their futuregovernment . '
Macomo , it is said , seemed disposed individually to agree to these conditions , but by the others they were entirely rejected . They stated they never heard of a conquered people being required to up tiieir give arms , most ol thecattle were dcad ^ and that they were tired of the war , and they were determined not to fight any more . They were under our feet , and our commanders might go to their kraals without any resistance on their part ,. but that to give up their guns was out of the question . Such is affirmed to be the substance of the replygiven to the Governor .
FRANCE . The National was seized on Friday , for what offence is not stated .
M . GDIZOTAND THE OCCUPATION OF CRACOW . The France publishes , as follows , a note by M . Guimt , addressed to the foreign Ambassadors in Paris , and the French ¦ Ambassadors at foreign Courts : — " Sir , —The Austrian Charge d' Affaires has communicated to me the despatches from Prince Metiernich , announcing to the King ' s Government that the incorporation in the Austrian empire of the free town and territory of Cracow is resolved upon by the Courts of Vienna , Berlin , and St . retcrsbun-h , and thev explain the motives . I transmit copies of them . I have laid them before the King in Council . His Majesty ' s Government has experienced from them a
great and painful surprise . We received . iu l'cbruary and March , as wc did in 1830 and 1838 , assurances that the occupations Cracow by tlie troops of the three Powers was a measure purely military , and not political , commanded by necessity , and which sh ould be at end with ' that necessity . Now it is said that a temporary occupation will not suffice , and that the jneasure adopted by the three Courts is indispensable to guarantee definitively in their states order and peace , which have been incessantly disturbed by insurrections of which Cracow had become the permanent focus . But since the suppression of , the small state of Cracow is to put an end to those disorders , its existence must have bee * their unique , or at least , their principal pause , * Jhi ^ suppositioa
Cape Of Good Hope. Uncertainty And Delay...
is lnauraisible . The so frequentlyrecuriing fermentation of the ancient Polish provinces has arisen from causes more general . The scattered members of a great state , destroyed bv violence , stilt continue to agitate and rise , treaties which recognize such . ' facts do not cause to disappear at once the social wounds which result from them : time , equity , kindness , and prolonged good government can alone succeed in' it , for these are the only means which tlie civilization of Europe now renders possible . ' The sovereigns and the statesmen assembled at . the Corgress of Vienna thus ' considered it . They wished at the moment , even when Europe , united , ratified the partition of Poland , to aive to the Polish nation and to tbe conscientious
feelings of Europe , which were disturbed by this partition , a constant moral satisfaction . Thoy had at the same time towards their Polish subjects perspec live views of amelioration for the internal government of the country . Serious disturbances may interrupt the course of that policy , at once wise * and generous , but not cause it to be entirely abandoned or abolished . Nothing compromises a Government more than to declare itself unable to fulfil , even slowly and in course of time , the promises and hopes which it has itself given . The destruction of the petty stale of Cracow may deprivethespirit of Polish conspiracy of some means of action , but it may also keep up and even irritate the feelings which obstinately give rise to those deplorable enterprises . It
weakens throughout .-ill European this painful questi on the princi ples of order and Conservatism , to the p rofit of bimd and hateful passions . Article 9 of the Treaty of Vienna imposes on the republic ot Cracow the obligation of removing conspirators from its territory , and the three protecting Powers had doubtless the right to demand the accomplishment cf its obligation . But had they , in order to attain this object , 110 other means than to abolish the independence of this petty state , and to suppress tinstrttc itself ? The narrow limits of the republic the immense strength ol the three great Powers bv whose states it is hemmed in , all tend to induce tlie belief that measures carefully combined would have been sufficient to counteract efficaciously the evil , without
having recourse to extreme means . , which - involve seme perils in the prospect of frequently creating fresh and more scriotii criis . It was in ' all cases the incontestable l'iget of all the Powers wiio were partees to the Treaty pi Vienna to take part in tho deliberations and decisions or which Cracow midlife be tlie object . If Prince Mettcrnieh means in his despatch that the three Courts had by themselves created the small state of Cracow , and that they afterwards presented to the Congress for enrolment the convention tliey had passed between themselves , the King ' s government- cciikl never admit of an
assertion so contrary to the principles and even to the lan ^ uagn of great transactions constituting , the public law ot Europe . Independent powers are never called upon to enregister delineations or acts catered iiito and passed without their , participation . In so far as regards Cracow and Poland , the sovereigns and public men say that long discussions between the representatives of nil the Powers preceded the conclusion of the special treaty of Mny Si Tlie very text of the treaty of Vienna demonstrates that the fate ' ol Poland was regulated after a deliberation of all the representatives ol Europe . Articles 1 , 2 , 0 , 4 , and 5 define tho share which each of the three Powers
was to have of the territory of the Grand Duchy ot Warsaw . There is not the least difference between these articles and tli « 'Se which gave to Prussia a part of the states of the King ot " Saxony . -The foundation of the republic of Cracow is placed on-precisely the same ground as the stipulations which formed the other states , even the most free , which have created the Germanic Confederation . The government of his Majesty , therefore , ha'i mod only an evident right , and at the same time fulfilled an imperative duty ,-in protesting solemnly against the suppression of the republic of Cracow , an act positively against the letter as well as against the meaning of tho Treaties of Vienna . After the long and redoubtable agitations nhicli have shaken Enroot ) , it is only bv
paying respect to treaties , and those rights which they have made sacred , that ; she maintains hersidf . No Power can enfranchise itself from them without enfranchising the other Powers hy the same act . Franco has not iiiven any similar example of an attempt against the policy of conservation and peace . France has not forgotten the painful sacrifices imposed upon her by the treaties of 1815 . Sho might rejoice at an act which would author-hie-her in just reciprocity to consult henceforth none buti . her own interests ; and it is she who calls for the lailiitul obfcrvaEce of treaties by the Powers who have derived from the principal advantages . It is she wlio , above nil , is oeeupif-d in the maintenance of tfie-iight acquired by others , and in respecting their independence . "
SPAIN . The Journal des Dcbats publishes intelligence from tho Spanish capital of the 15 th . On thai day the result of 27-Jt eict-tionswas known , —19 C belonged to the Modcrado party , and 78 to the Opposition . — The Progressists have elected Suno ' rs Cortina , Gottzahz , Salamanca , Meiidfzaoel , and Cozaga * .
PORTUGAL . The Civil War —Tho Queen ' s troops are reported to have gained some advantages over the iusiw-jents ; on the other hand , the Mieuei . 'ites under the " command of Macuonaid have captured Braga . BELGIUM . Pauperism is making frightful pro-gross in Belgium . The number of p ' oor persons inscribed on the resistors of the charitable institutions is fr- m 7 to 800 , 000 , out of £ millions of inhabitants , or nearly the fifth of the part ot the population . The proportion is still more considerable in Flanders , where pauperism appears to be » a ? sing into a chronic state , as in unfortunate Ireland . This state of thivtas is attributed to two causes , one accidental , and the other organic—the dearncss of articles of food : and tho decadency of ihe linen manufacturers , occasioned by the revolution which has taken place in the method of fabrication .
GERMANY . " ATCREST OF COMMUNISTS . Berlin * , Dee . 11 . —The police have been on the alert last niyht , in consequence of the discovery of communist movement , and have arrested several mechanics' apprentices iu a public house . Ir . ia pdiled that many persons of the better classes , among others , the well known writer Bchrens , ore said to be seriously implicated , and have therefore been taken from iheir house during the night and lodged in safe custody . The report of a conspiracy said to have been discovered on tlie Rhine , appears to be unfounded . Very urgent warnings have , however been sent by diplomatic channels from Paris to several Courts , announcing that emissaries of the Propaganda intended io visi- . tbe Kbemsh provinces and centra ! Germany .
SWITZERLAND . The ordinary winter session of the Grand Council of Berne wa * opened on the 14 th inst . In his speech the President alluded , in terms of lamentation , to the incorporation of Cracow withAustria , as an event , likely to ' react injuriously on the Swiss Confederation ; and likewise as being the annihilation of the last remnant of freedom belonging to a brave nation , which had once been the bulwark of-Europe . The Revue de Geneva of the 16 th , stales that the report of tbe . Committee appointed to draw 11 p a plan for vevisinp ; the constitution , will be shortly terminated . M . James Fazy has been named reporter " . The following are to be the basis of this document . First , an extension of-electoral-rights , as several
classes of citizens who , after the constitution of 1 S 42 , were omitted , are now to be included ; secondly , the direct election , by the whole of the electors , of the Executive Cmincil , which is to be for the future composed of seven members , and the faculty for tho electors assembled at a general meeting to dissolve the Representative Council , and to proceed to new elections in case of disagreement between the two Councils ; thirdly , the reorganization of the municipal constitution , so as to place it in accord with the new political organisation , based on the recognition of * the principle of popular sovereignty hi its wideut sense . In addition , the question of the eventual revision of the constitution is to be submitted every 15 vears to an assembly of the electors .
The Judges of Lucerne have set at liberty , after twenty months' datention , the Advocate Schnyi ^ r , compromised in the late events . Captain Pfiffer has also been liberated , but both are to pay a fine to the state ; that of the latter gentknmn is O . OOOf ,
*> ITALY . ANTI-AUSTRIAN DEMONSTRATION . Accounts from Italy state that on the 5 th of December , tlw centenary anniversary of the expulsion of the Anstrians from Genoa had been observed as a day of rejoicing throughout almost all the north of Italy . The Sardinian government would authorise no public demonstration , but many private assemblages were held at Genoa , in which the toasts of the " Independence of Italy , " and 'Down with the Anstrians , " were drunk with great enthusiasm . At
night , in the same moment , bonfires were lit on all the mountains surrounding Genoa . Similar bonfires were seen blazing islong the whole line of Appnines , in the direction of Florence and Bologna , of Rome , and of Naples . At Florence two large bonfires were kindled in the two large squares , and the walls were covered with placards , oh which were printed in ved ink , "Death to the Austrians . " One of these placards was affixed to the hotel of the Austrian minister , before the gates of which a body of singers chanted a de profuzdis . No outrage was committed on persons or property .
Attempt To Obtain Money By False Pbktesc...
Attempt to Obtain Money by False Pbktesces . 1 —A man named Charles Thompson , was on Saturday committed for three months by the magistatea at Birmingham , for having attempted to obtain money from Dowager Lady Lyttelton , under tho pretence ihat he was treasurer for the fund raised on behalf of the widows and orphans of the men who were killed by the recent explosion in the co ? . ' i pit at Old .-bury .
Ikklanft" Statu Of The "Country—Spread O...
IKKLANft " STATU OF THE "COUNTRY—SPREAD OF BESTITUTIOIf . No language Clin convey an adequate impression of the extent of distress , aggravated by the daily increasing system of disorganization . The measures of relief , in the . way of employment on public works , and the supply of food by local committees , are totally unequal to the exigency . In fact , the peasantry in several comities are famishing , and the provincial journals record a number of additional deaths from starvation . In some counties farmers mny be over-holding their grain : but in "encnil tlie stocks in the haggards arc rapidly running out . In Month , for instance , the stock of j ! rain in farmers ' hands is much less than usual at this ( imc of tha year—in some parishes of that county the liairgards are empty , and tlio . supplies biought from other districts arc consumed as fast as they can be drawn away fiom the mills . Altogether the condition of the country is alarming , and no man cau see his way as to the future .
COCXTT CORK . The Cork Examiner publishes , on the authority of its special reporter , m » st distressing accounts from Skibliercen , in the west of the county : ~ '' From beginning to end ( says the fcanmicr , refurring to the details ) it is one dark catalogue of want and woe , of inmine , disease , and death . In a private note , our reporter called our most earnest attention to tho horrifying !'; icts , which bu said his correspondence truthfully d > failed , and summed up the condition of the poor in the ill-fated town from
which he wrote by saying , that ' they were dyiiis off like rotten sheep . ' - Struck by the earnestness of the private noto , we took up the correspondence , and went throug h its agonising details line by line ; and our readers who will pursue it tlirou ^ l ) will say that before wc had emne to the clo-e , we had supped full of horrors . There is disease , famine , and . death in every paragraph . A terrible apathy , like that which oppresses a ' p lacue-stricken people , seems to ' mm ; ever the poor of SUibbureen . No sidit of horror , no ta ' c thatin other times would make tho warm bho'l
chill in the yct . s , can now excite even a ' passing observation . Starvation has destroyed every generous sympathy—despair ha < made them ' hardened And iii ' scnsiu . ' e . They sullenly await their doom , to which they look forward . with indifference , and without fear . Dentil is in every wretched Jmvel . Whole families Ho down together on the damp floor , on a scanty sop of wet . straw , devoured _ by fever , without a human being near to wet their iwirniin , ' lips , or raise their languid heads . The husband dies by the side of the wife , and the wife knows not that her husband is beyond the reach of earthly suffering , The same rag covers the f <> sterini > remain * of mortality and the skeleton forms of tho livinc , who are unconscious of the horrible contiguity , lists devour tho corpse , and there is no living i-ncrgy to scare them from tliolv horrid banquet . Fathers bu-y their children without a sidi , aiidcover them in shallow graves , round which no weeping mothiT , no sympathizing , friends are grouped . One scanty
funeral is fast followed by acioiher , " and that by another . The dead are enclosed , ia rude boards , having neither Hie appearance nor shape of a ei ' - 'fin , and are committed to their silent resting .-p ' aco in the nighttime , where no eyes can ' rest curiously on tlie rude contrivance , or observe the absence of friends and mourners , and the want of all that ceremony so grateful to the pride and consolatory to tlie f ' eelinsrs of the Irish peasant . When work on tbe public roads is offered , it in many instances cannot -he availed of ; the strong man is wasted to a pithless skeleton , and he drops dead on his way to the scene of labour . The labourer has pawned his last-rag . and when his turn is come , and he has a chance of employment , he must remain in his hovel to famish , not having clothes to cover his wasted limbs . Without food or fuel , bed or bedding , whole families are shut up in naked hovels , dropping one by one into the arms of death—death , more merciful tliuti this world or its rulers . "
Some of the scenes of horror enumerated in the foregoing are thus described by the Examiner ' s reporter : — ..... ' .. " A ' short time subsequent to visiting Bridgetown and the adjourning districts , I . 'happened'to be present at Dr . O'Donovan ' s , when a mounted policeman called at his house , and presented a pt-t tiou to ( lie following effect : — ' The most ' awful and heartrending ' case of destitution that has occurred yet is John Mnliinyaud . Michael Dinmvaft , who nro . now in tlie sleep of death without a particle to cover than ,
or a poriion of a candle to prevent tlie ' vermin from coming in contact with the dead . bodies . ' Tbis cir-¦ CUinstancc . occurred in a village , rather a few scattered houses , called Been * teii , ' aboiifc four miles from this town . Iu this hamlet last ni-jlit there lay tour corpses as they had died , '' without ceremony or preparation of any description . Two of these were no ! ill Slid ) extremely distressed circumstances sa tli > : others , and it . was inconsequence that the application for . the coflins referred only to Aloluny ami Dmiovan .
But listen to the tale of woe connected with tne decease of tho'first of these"iniforlu'iale men . Donovan came into town on Wednesday last for the piirp : ise of pledging his shoes , for which he received Is . lOd . ; he returned home the same day , and from fatigue and ' cxhausiation he dud tiicra that night . His body has since remained where he breathed his last ; and but for the exertions of this humane policeman ( Shcchan ) , he would . probably havu fottini ills tomb in the cabin whore he lived , his grave on the sod where he had expired , and his funeral clothes in the tattered garments that-hung ' upon his attenuated frame .
For six days and six nights did another wret < -hed and diseased body breathe the pestiferous exhalations omitted from the body of ihe deceased , without being able to procure the assistance necessary for his removal , Tne little , money that he brought home with him was quickly , exhausted by the other inmates , and when the last farthing had been expend-.-d in the purchase of a candle , and when the sickly light of this candle had expired , tlie rats came aatl GMinineiiced to cat ihe dead and decomposed-body . ; and it was with difficulty . they could be deterred from removing it entirely ^ away . But such an occurrence appearcntly excited little surprise or speculation—the people here appeared to regard it as a daily occurrence , and the contributions of-shopkeepers in this town for the purpose o ; collins for Donovan ; -. nd Molony , in some instances , amounted to one halfpenny , and in other cases did not exceed one penny . " PR 0 VM 0 N I 1 I 0 IS IN' TlPPEHARr—MUnDKtt .
Tho-following communication has been addressed to the Dublin Evening Post . ' -- ¦¦ " Caucr , Dec . 20 —The country is in a frightful state—robberies of all dc $ cri ( 'tiwiis l ' nV , ur in ' particular , notwithstanding the protection of police escorts . As 1 write this , a company of soldiers has been called out of tlie barracks here to protect a quantity of ihmr on its way from Cionmcl to Limerick and Tipyerary . Last evening about one hundred and fifty ears laden with flour , the property of several persons accompanied by police , on > he way to Tippcrary , had only gone half a mile outside , this town when the drivers were obliged to return back , the road being blockaded by . armed men , and women with other weapons , and determined to take the fhuir at risk of life . I cannot enumerate or describe the quantity of robberies and the appalling distress of the people .
DnEADFUii Murder . —A man residing in the neighbourhood of Tippcrary was barbarously robbed and murdered ou Friday liight , i saw the murdered man yesterday ninniing . ' . ' The Tippcrary Constitution has th » following : — "Plunder of Provi-ioxs . —On Thursday , three attacks on four flour carts ' were simultaneously made on the Caher , Marificld , and Old Casiicl roads , and the provision with which they were loaded taken away by large mobs . In consequence of tlie number of applications made by parties requiring escorts , to protect their lives and properties , the magistrates , in order to lessen the harassing duties of the military and police , have determined that the - followiuu
arrangements , in no . case , be deviated from . Escoits of military and police will proceed from the police barracks , Irishtown , on the mornings of Tuesday * atid Saturdays , lav Gahev , a . t ten jl . v . ; Mondays nm \ Thursdays , for Clogheen , at ten A m . ; Wednesdays and Fridays , for Cashel , at eleven a . m . And that any cart , which , from the badness of the horse , tackling , & c ., causes unnecessary delay on the road , Will be left behind . There arc daily ami nightly patrols of both military and police on the scver . nl roads in the vicinity of this town . The aspect of the-times 13 indeed anything but cheering ; the accounts from all parts of the country are ot the most alanaing 'description .
County - Mayo . —The Evening Post has tha following regarding the state of Mayo : — "Djjatji from Starvation . —We have seen ft'letter addressed to one of the trustees of the India Poor Relief Fund , dated Castlebar , December 11 H in which the writer narrates the appalling fact that thirty-one persons have died from starvation in Castlebar and the adjoining districts daring the last two months . " County of . Kerry . —Cauircivees . — Since- the date of my last , a steamer arrived aS our quays laden with Indian meal for the tenantry of Daniel Q'Cimnell : It is altogether-untrue thai Mr . O'CaniiuH ' s tenantry was concerned in what has been cnlied aia attack upon the government stores .
Leitrim . —Dbatjk from SrAHVAT'o . v ,- —A poor labourer was found near Clonce with a bag of meal under his arm . He wiis employed at the public works , and was going homo with his scanty store , after receiving his payment , when ho dropped never to rise . This is another case of death by starvation . —Ballhmsloe Star . Covkty of Galavay . —AsoTium Victim to Stakvatiok ' . —Within the last week another unfortunate m . an has died of starvation in the neighbourhood of $ > piddlfc , —Ibid . - Buead Riot is Belfast . —The Belfast papers * of Saturday , give the following account of a bread riot iiithat town on Friday - . —Between nine and ten o ' clock in the morning , a body of men who have lor some time hack been employed on tho works ot the Belfast and Ballymcna Railway , but whose occupa' tion for the last eight or ten days had been suspended , ' in consequence of tho frost , came into town , and
Having Called At The Bakery Of Mr. Uul'i...
having called at the bakery of Mr . UuL'iii'v , in D . iiicgall-stroct . ' demanded to be supplied with bread , or else they would help themselvts . ItwuoiistniiiCB beinjc of n » avail , the people on the premises handed tiiem' out a qumitity of bread , and 'Ijavinjr obtained thi- - , they proceeded to the Public Itakerv , in Church svreet , where they repeated their demand , and w > re " gam successful . Such domineermj . ' , however , in iho heart 'fa populiui-i to « n , was not lm : » stibniiUrd in , and the ringleaders were at once arrested bv iho Ji lice , and lodced in the poiico otiico . At twelve o cock tney were put to the bar , am ! tin ; case havinc g ? ' ! . » y' » vwlii : at « l . they were-wntcncctl , sr , v , rt . llinm Walker , trom-Cookstown , to pay n fine i » f £ 3 ¦ K » 1 ^^
: » lunj > KiipuH Attack . -The cormnondent . of the Mnncrn mves tlie following details from an atut' -k upon himself : — •« The day before yesfrrday being "fn , e Ito . d ; i ] . jun on hiy shoulder and walked out to look for ' aome snipe on Cuiiai ! b-wr , and wont on tVr . iu ono ^ , . "' . „ another , until I came nut on the road , closj to wlicro Mr . * Bates is build nu a new mill , j thou k : iw between twenty and thirty pe » ple , - ' employed on the building , running up the road , ami as ihev pawd . sum of them said , " You hud better fake care , for theie is a man cuning with a drawn sword , and he will murder some one . " I took no notice , but walked on along the road , and in a faw minutes heard tho
paticrni ? m feet ueiund me , and the most horrid iui-I ' lrceations . « V hen i turned round there was an airn « t-ious looking nillian . stripped of coat , and wa ' sreoar , with a heavy chip ' s buaniins cutlass in his hat" ) swearing ii-.- would cleave my «> kuil . . 1 called out'to * linn lo know what he meant , muHd stand ba-k briii-injj the aim to the recover ,-having both barre ' s Iwused . 1 had a . moment ' s reflection , within mvs-if whether 1 would lire at his ri « h ? lined , WhV . b' ehini ir - nui usiii" his weapon : but seeing several women and children ( who bad run out of tbe hm ^ -e ) in 'h * hue ¦ f lire , and tearimr to hurt some of them , I tnoiight it best to lake my chance of c ] o--in" 'tnd e , rap ; lo with him . lie delivered a dowm-h-Jit ' cut at my b .-ad , which , bad it taken " effect , would have laded me .. 1 watenwl his eye , parried the blotv with tile barrel i \ l the mm ( which . ivecntiulo tb bore ) , dosed with the rullUn , and ind ;» V so I threw the Kim iri . m m « on iiw bank of the ditch , f-: irii- < v an accident , m iftssti-UL'gie . Altera desperate encim' !¦* (;;¦ in whicn he
attempted to shorten ffcc weapon awl stab me , 1 wrested it from him . and threw him with lis head into th , ! h . dac . I " followed him t ,. tho gruiinn , pu * -, my knee upon him . and cot a « oo " i gib of lua windpipe . After I got the sword iVmn him he t'j .-. du a great effort lo reach mv <; ,: n . which was ; n theduch ; but . I succeededin p ' vvrn * -hi"hii > i <¦(•( - ting hold of it . VYnile the smpp ' Jo l-xted , i ; ot i-ne of ail ih « fellows employed at the mill , and win were loiikiiig . on , ever put hand to help mc ; hut as [ . mm ? . s 1 haii got him down , and had thro ; tied him . thev ¦ Mine . V j her , two or three of tl ' . e fellows had rn a secure held of him , I let him lip . A decent son of man , who appeared a kind of rtcwaiil at the mill , earns forward , and got thcrnflianspcortil . Do turned out to be n carpenter , who mistook me for o :: ei : f tho pay-clerks of the public works , against whom Is ? hr . il somcciiniity . 1 have lodged informations n " , "irsfc him .: ihe steward said , if I had not been . merciful I would have shot hhn , and wondered I did no *
THE Df . SIASD FOR F 1 RE .-AIUI 3 . " ne Droahedot Oanierva & ie says t"At our lair on Friday two cart loads of fire-arms . - . ere sold by auction , and . 1 ¦ spirited .. competition took place for guns , pistols , Imilet moulds , Ac , for midnight practice ! It might have been imaained that the dcarness t > f provisions wnnhi act as . 1 drawhide Oil their s'lle , but strange lo say , Mich is the avidity of the Irish , for Arms that ; men , with scarcely a coat to their back , have b-come purchasers of thorn . Every town in I reland has its depots of amis , accessible to the haters of Saxon le-jislrdioii , where fire-arras , bullet moulds , powder , Ac , may he obtained on most reasonable terms ! There are only lour of them in this town , all t-f whom are driving a profitable trade . "
The ' same paper states : — "The most daring robbery we bars heard cf for a length of time was nerpetrxt ' ed on a cattle dealer > irimed Tiernan , residing in this town . On his a lighting from thy -Dogheda coach , in the town of Kelts , oil ¦ v- ' cdiit'Stl-iy " night ( or rather Tlitirsfliiy lKoriiina ) . ' shnrtiy after 12 o ' clock , whilst waiiuus through Newmarket-street , a man stepped nrrtohim ' and , placing a'blunderhliiss to his head , said , ' I was !» ng watching yon , JSrJsoh' ( imngbing thrt lie was . cattle dealer of thai name ); anot !> erj <> in > 'il him , and cooking a-pistol , immediately put his-htiud into Tieman ' s ' pocket , and took therefrom £ i 20 , r . on-i & ting of two not . es , one of £ 100 , tha other of £ 50 . toi ; e llier with £ ^ 0 in sovereigns . ' - 'This'daring robbery was ' committed within 50 yards of the police barracks and in the midst of a populous town , "
liKPKAL ASSOCIATION . The usual weekly meeting of the members of this Iw . ly was held on Monday in the C 61 ici ! ih : ioi ! -hsll . There was but a very thin attciidanie ' ot members and lssociates piesent . The chair was taken by Mr . W . T . Ivrlly . . Mr . 0 'Council . repeated that ho wanted £ 30 , 000 , 000 from Enaland , but no longer on the old terms , that 'if an instalment on a debtof . jEdO . nQO . OOO . It is : mw robe a loan which is nut to he repaid by the hindim-ds , b » t out . of tho leveiiuss afthe counti ';; The . next subject v / as . ol course " Young Ireland . " . [ fa said the question of reconciliation was all over—there was . in cud to it ; and ¦ he association was able and wiiiing 10 work by its-.-li'i ' or- repeal , in total disroa ' ard to the machinations cf the little Ireland ? arty . ( l . odd
cheers . ) . lie- would tell that parly that ho ^ avo them his defiance . . ( Loud cheers . ) Now , ' he was assailed for stooping to the yoke of the Youmr Iivhuidcrs . and ha was told that th y would claim a triumph . ( Hear , hear . ) Of course , he knew that such would be the case before he made 1111 ofiar of reconciliation—lie knew he would be ro taunted ; yet it did not hinder lilm from makiau' the offer—and why ? . ( lleav . ) Ikeause the result his knew iims ,-, ium ont io his favour . ( Cheers . ) What had he done ? 11 a sacrificed his feelinjr and hi * pride—and , after a stiuj » j : 1 o lor Ireland for 50 years , he was ready t : i place the Halm of his bauds uni ' . or the feet of his seceders to brim ! tiiem back , and obtain unanimity ; in fact , be did all but sacrifice piinciple , and shcy , iiovorthetess , refused his offers—uncraciuuslv- rol ' u .-ed them .
( Hear , and cheers . ) lie was astonished at Mr . U'lleien ' s want of tact . in declining' tlitifc conference , and had added insult to injury in , his inaui-er of refusinsr . lie had presumed to attribute nukives to him ( Mr . O'C ) , which ho entirely repudiated—to asperse men as sjood as himself in every respect . They ¦ mourned over him , indeed , but it was ihe crowing dunghiil cock over the old . game one . ( Lauyhter . ) They wanted to have tiie regulation of the / . u-oeiation ; but he would rather see it perish than fall into their hands . The funds . were faliin : ! owim : to the distress ol the times : but while , ho pos .-e ^ cd 0 ; 1 . in the world , it should not to . closed . " . ( Cheers ) He felt that he was in the right ,-antbthat tbe Young lrelanders were grossly in tha wrong . The Young Irelanders wanted them to cas'ikm religious questions ; but he would never a ^ ree lo suppress the c / aims o / ' anr re . 'iin ' rms grievances . Ih would not allow himself to . be « att » ed in any such matters . He treated the codless indiffereiiiism of the Yoniiif
Ireianders with sewn and contempt . lie was ij ' -ad they had shown the eleven foot in time . !!•> was grown old and infirm ; but his aspirations for the independence of Irelauif were aa strong as ever . . Mr . A . O'Nmu , then came forwnrd . and said he hoped that there was no one present who could join in the triumph of one party of Irishmen over another . ( Hear , near . ) Gentlemen , coniini ' . ad , Mr . O'Neill , hiss as you will , nobodi- shall nut mc down . ( Loud cheers . ) , lie ( Mr . . O'Keili ) had hvar-. l Mr . O'Connell that day sr . y ,. " that all was o-. - ' .-i , '"bu ' t he rejoiced afterwards to hear him c . \*• . ' •<• •* a imps that yet there might be a minimi . ( Hear . Now , it was a bold thing for a-man . like , him to stand up and defend the seeeders from . t ! ie ,.:-. ss , n-i : Ui <> u in that hftll ; but * he was about doinu m-., liie-ar . hear , ) and he did so . because , he . umhisMi-d ihat i . 'jmu of thc-m refused to confer but Mr , . O ' ovien . ( Cries of " Hear ,, bear , " and' -JS o , n » . '" l .
Mr .. O'Connell .- I hey cM'senled to a : conferenceon the legal question , . if tin ; oil'tr ttuv-dioiis the / proposed should be introduced . { ChciM . ) ' Mr . O'Nkjl * .. said hi « eer « ai « l . r . «» : n-- <; d . iji iho principle that tho minority shcuid imi dietaio to the majority , aud then , went on , to . ' . late ih ; it he hiitha plan to suggest whivh he thought ss-i . ^ ht it-ad to a reconciliation . Us would ' propose that ca--il party should select fifty Mines , ten of which siiMild be members ' of the . iWure commit ice sf the- njwimation , and ihat of Ihe vigiainiug forty oit . cacii s ? aft-,. fifteen should be selected by . lot , by ' whisk means tiu-y would have twenty-ike euitiemen en ss . t-h ride to discuss the-legal quebth-n iu-. dispute . v Chvev * and hisses . ) Mr . G'Coaxafc .- - stated , Mat any pi ^ L ^ . i tic . n tvniing from Mr .. O'N ' etU should bo ! - . be met , its it , deserved , with respect ; bin he was stir * " that that t-entieman would , upon reflection ,. seethc , ii » jiri > pi'iet-y . t .-f puttiug the nSfnciati-. 'ti on lis . trial . ( " Great at > plau > e . ) He ( Mr . O'OiJiiv-ei !) was-sure . . Mr . O'Neill had no consultation wt ; h the Young Jrclard parly . ;
Mr . O ' jXmLL . —Cotlaiuly m-t-. ( Cheers and hisses . ) Mr . O'Coski . u . — Jfor was he a Young Irclander . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . O'Neill . —Clearly not . ( "Hear , " and great contusion . ) Mr . O'CoNssiL proceeded to say ihat he was s « re Mr O'Nmu- had no such consultation , and . was lifcllaelf an Old Irelander ; yet , he could not hut protest against his proposition of being brought to trial before twenty-five Young Irelaaders—before . twenty , five tailors all in a row . ( Cheers . ) If Mr . O'Neill had no objection , he would almost la-i'gh at the proposition . ( Laughter . ) It was a ridiculous ono if carefully considered . And why ? Mr . O'Brien had refused the conference altogether ; and if it was held without him , it would be like ' acting . Hamlet with the character of Hamlet left out . ( Great laughter , ) After some further attempts on Mr . Kill's part to induce Mr . O'Connell to give way , aud submit tU
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 26, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_26121846/page/7/
-