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TO THE WORKING CLASSES
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My Friends, Dc Do you ever bestow a thou...
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Vi)t Rational #as;t»
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"'AND NATIONAL TRADES 5 JOUBNAL. VOL. X ...
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METROPOLITAN. Bkrmoxdset.—At the weekly ...
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FORTHCOMING MEETINGS. Bradford.—-Members...
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METROPOLITAN, Camberwkll asb Walwobth.—A...
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FORTHCOMING MEETINGS. Bermondsey.—A publ...
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OBSERVANCES OF THE FAST DAY. The general...
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GREAT METROPOLITAN MEETINGS ON THE FAST ...
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c. 58, where such a fast as this governm...
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PINSBURY. A meeting was held on Wednesda...
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NATIONAL HALL, HOLBORN. On Wednesday las...
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THE PAST DAT AT SWINDON. SoAsrisfo a Sii...
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Etu - bh at C«waturH!MPLB.-A surgical op...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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To The Working Classes
TO THE WORKING CLASSES
My Friends, Dc Do You Ever Bestow A Thou...
My Friends , Dc Do you ever bestow a thought upon the present sent state of affairs , and do you refer to the past : past as an omen of the future ? Do you recollect that that in 1839 , the very faction that is now struggHnggHng t « preserve a profitable existence by the tola toleration conceded to the dire necessity of the time times , was strong enough , bold enough , and i « - solei golent enough , to incarcerate and torture 500 worl working-men , for acts which they are now oblij obliged to look upon as si gnificant of forbeai bearance , and for having predicted the very
evil evils which were sure to result from the system of vi of which they were the upholders ? Doyou recoiled lect the great power of the bad old man who now sha shams illness lest he mig ht not be held responsibl sible for ministerial turpitude , which he has be < been bribed to acquiesce in , and how he tendered thi the services of 500 , 000 fi ghting men to put do down the Eng lish Chartists ? and how he ho hounded a blood-thirsty Attorney-General on to to persecute us ? and how he hallooed his bloodho hounds on the Chartist missionaries ? and how he he insulted and sold the trades , and all who confuj fided in him ? Yes—you have reason to remem-Q ber the acts of this assassin of'libertyand
, you h | have reason to rejoice that liberty has outlived hi his power . Heneverrespectedthefeeliniisofthe II living nor the memory of the dead ; and , as his W name is associated with the darkest acts of the c darkest reign of tyranny , I don ' t see any reason v why we should respect his infirmity . Believe i me , my friends , that nothing can be more ne-( cessary than the constant recital of the deeds ( of bad men , it teaches others that calamity i does not entitle them to forbearance . Well " ; we have outlived this man ' s power , and we have survived the treachery of the Whigs—and must not a party be strong and resolute to
have overcome two such enemies ? I write thus to you , to show you that our power is incip ient ; that , although not confessed , it is active ; and , though not acknowledged , ' it controls . Behold what a wreck one year ' s famine has made of an ancient aristocracy and old op inions . See how the young mind of every country in the world is waging incessant war against the prejudices of ages ! How young America contends against the scions from the root of corruption , which the revolution did not eradicate ! See how the young mind of Prussia has undermined the irresponsible despotism , and how the northern tyrant has been
compelled to purchase the co-operation of France , as a means of resisting the marching conqueror—DEMOCRACY ! And from whence comes the watchword ? Wh y from England and CHARTISM ! On my return horn the Continent last year , I told you that the despot of Prussia would be the first to bend to the march of mind ; and his constitution , meagre though it be , g ives ample proof of his inability longer to ^ resist . Monarchs never grant what they need not concede , as each concession is a stepp ing-stone to pass the ford of KINGCRAFT , and therefore a timelv yielding of a
little b y them is earnest of the demands they anticipate , and indicative of their knowledge or apprehension of coming events . I have often directed your minds to the fact , that no country has a constitution now , and that the present struggle going on all ' over the world is for th continuance of those means b y which the few may yet lord it over the many , but , thanks to the tyranny of the governments , the rule of the few is drawing to a close . Our government , for ages , has been as a young married spendthrift , who was satisfied so long as he could secure enough from dissipation
whereon to live , but who , upon the increase of family , finds himself graduall y restricted in means , and £ gradually reconciles himself to comparative degrees of profligacy for their support ; this is called patronage ; until at length his necessities compel him to look upon robberyjas a right , and murder to uphold it as a virtue , as patriotism , as loyalty . These are the necessities which govern the conduet of reckless and desperate , men , until at length
they constitute the basis of the constitution . What a poor man would , not long since , have been banged for , a needy tool has often been honoured , distinguished , and rewarded for doing , as is well illustrated b y the Clown at Batty ' s Theatre . He says , If the Queen gets drunk she is animated ; if the Duke of Wellington gets drunk he is exhilarated ; if Sir Hubert Peel gets drunk he is inebriated ; if Mr Hatty gets drunk he is intoxicated ; but if I set tipsy I am drunk or a beast . ''
Now there could not be a more happy or apt illustration of the degrees of guilt attached to the sins of the wealthy and powerful and to those of the poor and defenceless . The time rolls on when factions , now curbed by the dread of famine , vdll throw off a temporary restraint , to insure party ascendancy . When a genera ! election takes { dace , Peel will forget his allegiance to Russell , and Stanley will avow his opposition to Peel , his former leader . So , in fact , there never was a period
when the dissensions of faction offereda fairer prospect of reward to an united party . Out of the seed of party dissension Chartist strength should grow . Aforetime we were told , that the advocates of mere Chartism would have no chance in the House of Commons , because they had no practical ground to work upon . That charge has faded , however , before the Land and Trades ' question , each of which are important branches of Chartism , while the success of one or both would materially advance the cause of Democracv . Now observe
those results which would be sure to spring from your union , and be prepared to bear your chains tamely and to bend your necks lowl y and submissively , if you are not willing to struggle for them . I receive many letters which move me to melancholv laughter . Thev say ,. " COME AND ROUSE US . " Wh y , what a reflection ! I sorrow over your wrongs , but do not partici pate in your sufferings : and if those who think they " suffer unjustl y , aud have the power of redress in their own hands , continue ' to suffer , the act is their own and not their rulers . I tell vou , candidlv , that
I look upon the haughty AVhigs as the very I fitting rulers for so satisfied a people . There is something very'degradingin the fact of SIX MILLION MALE ADULTS eternall y reminding a handful of old women , that they are oppressed , and FRAYING their consideration . During the nights of this week , 1 have written ; a treatise upon the Land rian , which will occupy every page of the next number of the "Labourer , ' and if you do oot there see the miniature of the full-length picture which Chartism would present , you have no brains . I have laid down princi ples which should be advocated in Parliament , and
their advocacy would be the advocacy of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER , as you cannot possibl y separate social from political ri ghts , and I def y you ever to redeem your political rights until PRICKED ON BY THE SOCIAL SPUR . Men don ' t want the vote to distinguish a member of one faction from another . Men want the vote to hel p themselves ; and 1 def y you , b y any possible means , to hel p yourselves otherwise than by the possession of so much raw material as vou can manufacture with
your own labour ; and I def y you to point out any other raw material than the LAND , out of which you can manufacture that which will exchange for every article of production in the known world . Now , if I wrote a volume , I could not give you a better definition of the Land Plan and Chartism , and yet it will go into one ear and out at the other ; and vou wui go on "humbly praying * ' to others to do * for you what , in twelve months , you could do for yourselves . Here would be my petition : —
* TfetumbkPettiion of Fenryus O'Connor , Esq ., to the Industrious Classes . "Sheweth , , * ^ hat your honourable and useful order j'ave it in your power , within any one year , ' ° redress all the grievances under which poor ""en suffer , as well as to reform all the abuses under which rich men thrive . '" fhat b y union you may become too politi-Cda powerfu l for any combination of factious ;
My Friends, Dc Do You Ever Bestow A Thou...
and b y prudence you may ensure your own social redemption without the interference of those who have a fixed interest in perpetuating your inferiorit y . "That b y abstaining from all sorts of dissipation for one year you mi g ht become possessors of a sufficiency of land to insure your political equality and social happiness , while your abstinence would compel your rulers to substitute a moral instead of a vicious system of government .
"that your petitioner has just reason to complain of your cruelty and injustice , as he has suffered more than any one of his class from your want of prudence and self-respect . "That your petitioner requests your honourable order to seek such employment as will remunerate you from the free exercise of free labour , and enable you to educate your family instead of allowing a system of slave-labour to cast many of your order upon the taxes wrung from the industrious , and submitting to that degradation which is justl y attachable to a parent who neglects the education of his family .
"Your petitioner humbly submits to your honourable order , that a very , very slight exertion upon your part would ' enable you to secure the return of twenty members to the Commons' House of Parliament , who would SO advocate your ri g hts as to ensure your social happiness and political equality . " Your petitioner , therefore , prays your honourable order to pray to be relieved from your own apathy and want of self-confidence , instead of praying to men who wouldn't listen to an angel from heaven , unless he was prepared to sell his labour cheap , and buy their goods dear .
"And your petitioner , as in duty bound , will ever pray . " Fbabgus O'Cojwor . "
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"'And National Trades 5 Joubnal. Vol. X ...
"'AND NATIONAL TRADES JOUBNAL . VOL . X NO . 492- LONDONSATURDAY , MARCH 27 , 1847 . Vl . J ™* "WW ^ - ¦ . Five ShUHngn nnd Sixpence Quarter
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Metropolitan. Bkrmoxdset.—At The Weekly ...
METROPOLITAN . Bkrmoxdset . —At the weekly meeting of members in this locality it was resolved that a subscription be opened for the veteran Chartist , Richard * , to be continued weekly . Camberwell . — Messrs O'Connor , M'Grath , Clark , Dojle . and T . M . Wheeler , have received the hig hest number of votes for the executive . Somer ? Tows . —On Sunday evening last . Mr Philip M'Grath delivered a lecture on " Public Fasts and Royal Proclamations , " at ; the Bricklayers * Arms , Tonbrfdge-street , New Road . The lecture was eloquent , spirited , and instructive , and elicited the app lause of a crowded and atteutive audience .
Sohu . —The Registration Committee met at S 3 , Dean-stwet , aa Tuesday evening , March 23 , Mr J . Simpson in the chair , when the secretary brought up the report of the sub-committee . The chairman reported tbat the Camberwell and Walworth friends , a * a portion of the borough of Lambeth , had resolved to hold a publu meeting in support of Mr Duncombd ^ motion fur a repeal of the rate-pay irg clauses in 'he Keicrm Act . It was resolved that Lawrence Heyworth , Esq ., Charles Cochrane , Esq ., Col . Thompson , Wm . Simpson , Esq ., and Charles Lushington , Esq .. be invited to attend the public meeting at the CruvMi and Anchor Tavern on the 14 th day of Apnl next , - and that Thos . YYakley , M . P ., be invited to resume the chair on tba occasion ; the committee then adjourned until Tuesday evening next , March the 30 th .
Wesimisster . — The Chartist and Temperance Debating Society held their usual weekly meeting in the Temperance Hall , Broadway , on Saturday evening last . The large room of the Hall was crowded to excess . Mr Hughes was elected chairman , and opeeed the business of the evening by reading the subject for discussion , viz : — "The Influence of Machinery . " Mr Catbie introduced the subject , and endeavoured to show that to the influence of machinery we owe nearly all the comforts we now enjoy ; that so far from throwing men out of employ it had created a demand for labour of all kinds ; and that the condition ot the working classes generally had been much better since its introduction . Mr
\ V alford next spoke , and in a neat speech . contended , that machinery had been exceedingly detrimental to society . Mr Ashe denied that the working manufacturers were benefited either in circumstances or morals by the application of machinery . He did not find fault with the power itself , but with the manner in which it was applied . Mr Irving said that , in Preston , Manchester , Bolton , and other manufacturing towns in the north of England , the uphtldets of machinery might find sufficient proofs of the direful effects of that inhuman destroyer of infancy and female chastity . He had seen the town of Preston in a flourishing condition ; he had known the time when men working in some branches of the cotton manufacture could earn their £ 2 and £ 3 per
week ; when every honse in the town was inhabited , and when every inmate was happy—but what was the case now ? What had machinery done for them ? Why , this . The man who previously earned £ 2 or £ 3 per week could not now earn more than Cs . or Ts . in the same time , and had to do twice the amount of work for this miserable pittance . Mr Trumble replied , and contended that anything which produced more wealth by lessening physical labour was a blessing , and if it became a curse it was the result of other causes . It was the duty of the people to make machinery their servant , and not their tyrant , and he thought the best way to do s <>
was to get it into their own hands by means of cooperation . Mr Bowler denounced machinery as a decided opponent to the best interests of the people . Mr Bater next addressed the meeting in a brief speech , after which Mr Cathie rose to wind up the debate , and in a clear and masterly speech refuted many of the arguments advanced by liis opponents . Mr C . sat down amid much applause . The chairman tl . eo announced the subject for discussion next Saturday evening , viz , — " The best means of appropriating the Land for the benefit of the People . " At the cli . se of the meeting several new members were enrolled .
Westminster . —At a meeting of the members of this locality on Sunday evening , March 21 , the following persons were placed in nomination for the executive for the ensuing year : —Feargus O'Connor , P . M'Grath , T . M . Wheeler , E . Jones , S . Kidd , T . Clark , and C . Doyle .
PROVINCIAL . Boston . —At a meeting of members on Sunday last , the case of Mr Richards was brought before the meeting , when it was resolved , that he be invited to spend a few weeks in the nei ghbourhood , several friends having volunteered his maintenance . Eight shillings were collected towards bis expenses . Mr Linney has kindly consented to visit any place within twenty miles of Bilston , on receiving three days' notice , to get up a good benefit fer Mr Richards . Cnoroos . —At a meeting held at Mr Loveday ' s Temperance Hotel , Surrey-street , on Monday evening , a numberof persons resolved to join the ftationa ) Charter Association Mr T . Frost was elected subtreasurer , and Mr Wm . Hodges , sub-secretary .
Manchester . —People ' s Institute , March 21 . —Mr Grocott opened the meeting by reading Mr O'Connor ' s letter . Mr Marsden , from Preston , then commenced his lecture , by observing that society in all ages had been based upon an irrational foundation . The selSsb ignorance ot mankind added to endless infractions of Nature ' s laws ; these infractions had caused the downfal of nations . Kalers and capitalists had invariably combined against liberty , and when the people were wanting in virtue and intelligence , they became serfs and slaves . The lecturer , after describing the abominations of Feudalism , and the evils of the presentsystemof Mamraonism , concluded an argumentative and eloquent discourse , by showing » hat Cooperation , was the grand lever for the elevation of the people . Mr Rankine and Mr Cooper followed with a few remarks . The proceedings were altogether instructive and interesting .
Sheffield . —The West Testimonial Committee met ou Saturday erening , in the Democratic Tern- j pensnee Room , Mr Thomas Peacock in the chair , when , on the motion of Mr Royston , seconded by Mr Holmes , the follotrni ; resolution was unanimously agreed to J— " It is with feelings of deepest regret , that this committee view the present apathy of the people , as shown towards one of their able , if not die very ablest advocates , viz ., Mr John West , a man who has been persecuted and prosecuted , both by his wnplovcrs and the government , and has made sacrifices that have come to the knowledge of this committee , which , in their estimation , justify them in making an appeal on the behalf of Mr West ; and to endeavour , by subscription , to present him with a testimonial of their respect and gratitude . " After
Metropolitan. Bkrmoxdset.—At The Weekly ...
the issuingof collecting books , the meeting adjourned to Saturday , March the 27 th , at 8 o clock . Tavistock . — The Chartists , and shareholders of the Land Company held , last week , their annual Tea-party in the Temperance Hall , which was tastefully decorated for the occasion . The temperance band was in attendance and discoursed excellent music during the tea , a * also daring the public meeting . After the tea party , which was most numerously attended , and gave general satisfaction , the public were admitted to the Hall , and Dr Smealy , being called to the chair , opened the proceedings by ably illustrating the six points of the Charter . Mr
R . Hole and others having addressed the meeting , in eloquent and forcible speeches , the chairman introduced Mr Ernest Jones , who ( the audience containing a large number of the middle classes ) entered into a full and able exposition of the injustice they ( the middle classes ) were , conjointly with the upper classes , inflicting on the poor , and the remedy for the latter , contained in the Charter and the Land . The address was bailed with frequent bursts of applause , and , after the usual votes oi thanks , the meeting separated with three cheers for the Charter and the Land , highly delighted with the evening ' s proceedings .
Forthcoming Meetings. Bradford.—-Members...
FORTHCOMING MEETINGS . Bradford . — -Members will meet to-morrow , Sunday afternoon , at the large room , Butterworth-build . injsyat 2 o ' clock . Camberwell . —A public meeting will bo held at the Hall , 9 East-street , Walworth , in favour of a repeal of the ratepayinsr clauses in the Reform Act , on Wednesday April 7 , " 1817 . Chair to be taken at 8 o ' clock . CovKNiar Dismicr . —A meeting will bo held on Tuesday evening , March 30 th . at half-past 7 , at the infant school , Greyfriars-lane , to adopt the National Petition . Hum ,. —The Chartists will meet at the Ship-inn , Church-lane , to-morrow evening , at 6 o ' clock .
Manchester . —Mr J . G . C / ark will lecture m the People ' s Institute , Heyrod-street , Ancoats , on Sunday March 28 th , Mr C . Doyle is invited to lecture in the Peoples ' s Institute , on Goad Friday , April 2 nd , at 10 a . m . Mabtmbohb . —Mr J . F . Linden will lecture at the Coach Painters' Arms , Circus-street , on Sunday evening next , March 23 th . Subject : — " Natural and Political Economy . " To commence at half-past seven precisely . Norton Faloatb . —Mr Gathanl will lecture at the Pewter Platter , White-T , ion-street , on Tuesday next at 8 o clock . The committee for getting up Mitchell ' s late benefit , are requested to attend . Rochdale . —The Chartist Council will meet next Sunday afternoon , at 2 o ' clock , in their room in Millstreet . A Tea Party and Ball will take place on Easter Tuesday , in the Socialist Room , Yorkshirestreet .
Sheffield . —An address will be delivered on Sunday evening next , in the Democratic Temperance room . Subject : " The Government Plan of Education . " Chair taken at 7 o ' clock . Spitalfields . —A Concert will be held at the Weavers ' -arms , Pelham-street , on Easter Wednesday , at 8 o clock , in aid of the funds of the Eastern Philanthropic Society . The "Sons of Freedom " will meet on Easter Monday , at 8 o clock , at the above house . The Silk Weavers' branch of the United Trades' Association will meet on Saturday , the 27 th instant , at 0 o clock , at the White-hart , Hare-street . Soho . —Mr John Skelton will lecture at 83 , Deanstreet , on Sunday evening next , March 28 lh , at balf-past seven o ' clock . Subject : "Progressive Civilization . "
South Loxdo . v Hall . —Mr Ernest Jones will lee tureas above on Sunday evening ( to-morrow ) , at 8 o ' clock precisely . Subject : " Chartism . " The Latk Public Farce . —The committee apointed to get up the tea party at the White Couduit House-Tavern on the 2 ith inst . will meet at the office , 83 , Dean-street Soho , on Wednesday evening next , at 8 o ' clock , when all who have tickets or money relative thereto , are especially requested to attend .
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Metropolitan, Camberwkll Asb Walwobth.—A...
METROPOLITAN , Camberwkll asb Walwobth . —A numerous meeting of this district of the Land Company was held at Harrison ' s Assembly Rooms , East-lane , Walworth , on Monday evening , March 22 . Mr C . Wild was called to the chair , when a discussion arose on the merits of two , three , and four acres of land , during which Mr O'Connor ' s letter to a Plymouth correspondent was read amid much applause . During the debate a Mrs Barton took out two shares ( two acres ) ,
declaring that from her knowledge , derived from following agricultural pursuits , that a man , his wife and family , could obtain an excellent living from two acres of land . The discussion on these points gave the greatest satisfaction . This was followed by a discussion on theuerits of the National Co-operative Benefit Society , as an auxiliary to the National Land Company . The society was greatly approved , and several persons immediately enrolled . Thi ? thriving district holds its meetings every Mondav evening , at the above rooms .
Fissnonr . —On Sunday last a locality was formed , which will meetevery Monday night at Mr Granger ' s , No . 1 , Prospect-place , Upper Burnsburystreet , Liverpool-road . Air Gilbert was elected sub-secretary , and Mr xVumford , sub-treasurer . Lambbth District . —The following resolution has been passed : — " Resolved , that as a subscription ot 3 J . per week from the 12 , 000 members comprising the Land Company , would in one year amount to nearly £ 8 , 000 , we hereby call upon the directors to suggest io the members immediately to commence paying into the Bank any sum , even a penny a week ,
and as much more as possible ; but that interest shall not begin until the sum amount to 20 s . paid by any person , and that the Company have the benefit of the money so paid until that time , and then interest , at three and a half per cent ., ha paid upon as many pounds as any person may have paid in , and , in the event of any member of the Land Company not being able to pay up his share , and who shaft have paid twenty shillings , the sum at which interest is proposed to be paid , shall have the option either of taking the interest proposed , or in payment of his unpaid share . "
PROVINCIAL . Ashton-uksbr-Ltnk . —At the last meeting of shareholders the following resolutions were passed : — " That the offer made to persons not shareholders in the company , with small capitals , will open a wide field for persons who have taken no interest in the welfare of the company , and draw very largely on Mr O'Connor ' s time and energy , to the detriment of the working classes . "— "That we consider the Land Purchase Department of the Bank should be confined to those already shareholders , and who can find the money to purchase 20 , or any number of allotments , and thereby draw off the competition at the Ballot . "
Birmingham . —At a meeting of No . 3 Branch , Birmingham district , Mr Greaves in the chair , a resolution . was passed repudiating and denouncing the article in Chambers' Journal , against the Land movement , which resolution was ordered to be forwarded to the Messrs Chambers . A resolution was also passed approving of the publication of a cheap periodical in connexion with the Land Company . Mr John Pare has t een appointed agent for the National Co-operatlre Benefit Society . Devonport . —ilesirs Joy le and Clark lectured in the Dockyard school room , on Thursday evening , on the Land and the Charter . A resolution was carried , approving of th ° land Society , and e * presiing confidence in the directors .
Dobkino . —On Monday evening , a public meeting was held in the Lecture Room , for the purpose ot considering the subject of the Land and its capabilities . Mr Russell was elected to the chair , who in a neat speech , fixed the attention oi the meeting on the subject for consideration . The assembly was subsequently addressed by Messrs M'Grath and JG , Wheeler , who ably dilated on the object ! " , principles , and progressof the National Land Company . Many copies of the rules were taken , and upon the whole it may be safely presumed that much good will be done by the meeting .
Mahciibsibr . —A correspondent says— " The land movement is going a-head here ; the general question is , 'What do you think of Mr O'Connor ' s land scheme V If a stranger was to visit our Land-office , and see the numbers that come to take up shares and seek information upon the subject , he would be astonished . For notwithstanding the present depressed state of trade in this town and neighbourhood , the third section bids fair to far outnumber the two preceding sections . It now Lumbers something like 100 shareholders , who hold amongst them 150 shares . Even this last week there have been upwards of 30 shares taken up . This , taken in connection with the fact that we have 28 of our large cotton mills standing , and many of them have been so for thirteen weeks , and upwards of seventy working from i to 4 . days a-weck , it is , indeed , truly surprising , and is but another proof that the people l » re in advance of their rulers . "
Metropolitan, Camberwkll Asb Walwobth.—A...
Rochdalk . —Messrs Donovau and Dickenson lectured here last Sunday . SnoiLBT-BRiDOB . —Dr M'Doaall has lectured here to a large audience , who were mueh gratified by his able discourse . [ We cannot print reports written with black-lead pencil . —En . K S . } TiuicovLTRr-A branch of the Land Company has been formed here with every prospect of sucness : twenty-two shares were taken at the ttrst meeting . The following officers were elected . G . Glauow secretary ; A . Robertson , scrutineer ; W . McBeath ! treasurer ; and five of a committee . Toww H * MLm . _ Tha shareholder , haw passed a resolution approving of the next Conference hein ^ held at Lowbands , on July 1 st . °
Wblton , NoarirAMPTON . —A public meeting was held at this place on Monday , the 22 nd inst ., tor the purpose of forming a branch of the National Land Company . The announcement put the quiet little village in some commotion , the squires nnd farmers not much relishing their new visitors . By 7 o ' clock , the p lace of meeting , a large barn , was filled to overflowing , as the labourers came thronging from the surrounding villages . The men of Daventryand Norton came in a bodv with music , and Mr Smith , of Welton , having been called to the chair , opened the meeting by reading the bill , which stated , that the meeting was called " for the Purpose of the TrUlof Tvmoth ? Grah-all , the Land-roller , on tip capital Charge of Robbery and Murder . Tin
witness will be the Labouring man working on the Parish Road , —from the Workhouse—from the Transport under the Game Laws , die ., < fec . Should the Jury ( the People , ) find him guilty , he will be called upon to show cause why sentence should not be passed against him ; or , if he has any friends to speak on his behalf , let them then speak , or henceforth hold their Peace ! God save the people ! " The reading of the bill was hailed with shouts of applause , and the chairman then introduced Mr Ernest Jones , who , at considerable length , exposed the causes and effects of Landlordism , the sufferings of the Poor and their Remedy , —and entered into a complete and able exposition of the plan and working of the National Land Company . When the applause with which his
address was hailed had subsided , the chairman announced Mr Wm . Munday , of Northampton , whose eloquent and forcible illustrations of the murders and robberies perpetrated by the Grab-alls , were received with loud cheers . Mr Parkes , of Buckley , then appeared for the defence , but admitted that his client ' s case was a very bad one , and his humorous and powerful arguments having been replied to by Mr Jones , and those seemingly in larour of Grab-all refuted to the satisfaction of all , the meeting separated after the usual votes of thanks , with three hearty cheers , and one cheer more for the National Land Company . A branch was formed , eight members joined , and ten more signified their intention of joining forthwith .
Forthcoming Meetings. Bermondsey.—A Publ...
FORTHCOMING MEETINGS . Bermondsey . —A public meeting will be held on Tuesday evening , March 30 th , in the Dockhead Chapel , at half-past seven o ' clock , for the purpose of spreading the principles of Chartism , and the means of carrying out the same , viz . — " by the working class becoming landholders . Some of the directors will address the meeting . BucKBOfW . —Mr TV . Beesley will lecture in the Temperance-hotel , Wballey Bank , on Monday next , at 8 o ' clock . Subject : " The Land and Banking Company . " BiiADFOBD . —Shareholders will , in future , meet in the Large Koom , Butterworth-buildings . Burt , —To-morrow evening , at six o clock , Mr . S . Clark , of Manchester , will lecture in the room over the Waterworks' old office , in Clerk-street ; subject , —" The Charter and the Land . "
Choblst . —A meeting of shareholders will be held at the house of Mr W . Wilkinson , 0 , Princes-street , on the 28 th inst ., at six o clock . CojiMUttCiAX Road . —Mr G . Harrisson will lecture on Sunday ^ veiling , April 4 th , at 7 o clock , at the Globe and Friends , Morgan-street . Subject : "Evils of a State Church . " IIamueusuitk . —The members who do not pay in accordance with the instructions of the directors , on or before the first day ot April next , will be struck off the list of sliawholdera . District-office , 2 , Little Vale-place .
IIkxham . —A branch of the National Land Company has been formed here , and the following officers elected ' . —John Gibson , secretary ; George Nidley , treasurer ; Robert Renwick , scrutineer ; John Hedley and John Nidley , auditors : LirrtE Tows . —A general meeting of members of the Land Company and Charter Association will b » held in the Chartist room , on Sunday , March 28 th , at ten o ' clock . Lambeth . —A general meeting will take place on Sunday evening , April 4 th . Maschesteb . —Shareholders will meet in the Hall of the People ' s Institute , to-morrow morning , at 11 o ' clock .
Nothsoham District . —Members will meet at the New-inn , Carrington , to-moirow evening , at 5 to 6 o ' clock . Subject : " Budding , Grafting , and other management of Fruit Trees . " OswAtDTtvisrw . —The shareholders have engaged a room in Duncau-square , Foxhill Bank . They will meet fortnightly , on Friday evenings . Southampton-- Shareholders meet every Tuesday evening , at eight o clock , at the Blacksmiths' Arms , St Mary ' s-street . Shoreditch . —Mr G . W . Wheeler will lecture at Mr Taylor ' s , Railway Engine Coffee-house , 122 , Brick-lane , on Wednesday next , at eight o ' clock , p . m , Subject : — " Spade Husbandry . " Mr T . M . Wheeler will lecture on Wednesday evening , April 7 .
Observances Of The Fast Day. The General...
OBSERVANCES OF THE FAST DAY . The general fast and humiliation , appointed for Wednesday last , was very variously observed in and around the metropolis . Divine service was performed at all the churches and chapels both morning and evening—and more numerous congregations were present than is usual even on Sundays . The Lord Mayor and other civic functionaries attended the service in St . Paul ' s Cathedral in the afternoon . A good sprinkling of the aristocracy attended tho Chapel Royal in the morning . The shops were closed , and business of every sert suspended;—the day being considered a complete holiday by the industrious classes . Greenwich bad quite an Easter Sunday look . The steamers poured out their hundreds , and the railways its thousands , to increase the holiday throng . The park was thickly dotted over with gaily-dressed people . Blackheath , with its donkeys were all alive ; tbe tea-shops were crowded , and , of course , tbe public-houses were not empty . The hospital too , bad hosts of admirers . The visitors were all from London , the good and loyal folks of Greenwich , & c , most religiously observing tbe proclamation . The Chelsea and Putney steamers were crowded , and the boats for Gravesend and Richmond had a great many passengers on board . The streets of the metropolis were thronged throughout the day , the narks and other places of public resort receiving their full quota of visitors . We do not remember a more general cessation from business .
Great Metropolitan Meetings On The Fast ...
GREAT METROPOLITAN MEETINGS ON THE FAST DAY .
WHITE CONDUIT H 0 U 8 B . On Wednesday evening last a Tea Tarty and Public Meeting was held at White Conduit . House , Pentonville , or ( he purpose of protesting against the misgovernment of Ireland , and ( according to the placard sailing the meeting ) of expressing the opinion that " national calamities are not to be prevented b y public fasts , but by a Fjstem of government based upon justice and truth , " By eight o ' clock , the large room being filled with a numerous and influential audience , Mr Savage was called to the chair , in the absence of T . S . Buncombe , E < q ., M . P ., who wa » to have presided , but was prevented by indisposition from being present , " —'
Mr Goodwvh BABMbt moved the first resolution , which was to the effect , that the Proclamation for a general fast , issued in the Queen ' s name , was a dlsytace to its authors , an insult to the common sense of the nation , and a proceeding which , while It was a direct injury to the working classes , could not in the least benefit the starving population of Ireland . lie believed that the suffeving now endured in Ireland was not so much to be attiibut * d to either a visitation 0 f Providence or the wan t of food , but to n » i . « government and the want of good ins titutions . The government had made a mistakethey had left out an " e j" we should have had a feast instead of a fast . lie had great pleasure in proposing the resolution .
Mr Ernest Jokes rose loudly applauded to second ths resolution , and said the preceding speaker had justly described the Proclamation of a General Fast a « blasp hemy to God . At that moment the churches were lig hted op , and the parsons were praying—but what text did they preach from ? It was said the devil could quote scripture to suit his purpose;—so do the parsons _ snd so might a Chartist , for he believed there was more of the devil in a parson than in a Chartist , ( Loud cheers and laughter . ) lie would then quote from Isaiah
C. 58, Where Such A Fast As This Governm...
c . 58 , where such a fast as this government fait wa » de . nounced , and it was said to the rich ,: — " Behold , ye fast for strife and debate , and to smite with the flst of wickedness ; Is not this the fast that I hare chosen ? to loosen the bands of wickedness , to undo the heavy burdens , and to let the oppressed go free , and thatyebreak everyyoke . ? He would venture to say few parsons had preached from that text . ( Loud cheers . ) He had just come from Welton , in Northamptonshire , where n » had left a rising branch of the Land Company , ( cheers . ) The parsons talked of the Holy Trinity , but in our country villages he generally found nothing but a Devil's Trinity—vis . the lawyer , the parson , and the squire , ( much applause : ) well , this trinity generally gave their labourers six shiU I lings per week . No need for appointing a fast-day for
tbe poor after that . Mr Jones then described some cases of death fcy starvation , that had come under his knowledge In England , the recital of which excited a great wnsation , The verdicts were , « death by starva . tion ; ' they should have been , "murdered by their mastets , " ( continued cheers . ) Mr Jones then adverted to the causes of the famine , and theremedy in the hands ofthepseple , ( amid great applause , ) and said , he was glad to see meetings like the present—they were rallying points—but more was wanted than drinking tea and making speeches . He did not advocate violence , far frnm it—but if we showed we had the organized power as well as the will to enforce oar claims , we should get them—not else , ( hear , hear . ) Two hundred thousand human beings had perished from starvation in Ireland , The people la that country were known to be buying arms , H [ hear , hear , ) and the consequences was , that the rich grew frightened , and began to subscribe , Had the
Irish never murmured they might have died by millions , ( hear . ) The aristocracy encouraged emigration—that was what the government wanted ; to thin tbe people by starvation , and decimate the remainder by emigration . They would , then , be strong enough to have it all their own way , ( hear , hear . ) ' It is true , they had cautioned the people against emigration to Texas , they said there were wild beasts there , and an unwholesome climate , Ay ! Ay ! Texas was s portion of a great republic and though America possessed only a shadow of liberty , even a shadow was dangerous to monopoly and monarchy , ( loud cheers . ) There were wild beasts at home , and a very unwholesome political atmosphere ; and , therefore , if we were to fight " wild beasts , " wo might as well fight against the wild beasts at home , ( great applause ;) and as to the bad atmosphere , a f « w peals of moral thunder , and we should soon clear it of the obnoxious elements of monopoly , ( continued cheering . )
Mr Lloid Jokes supported the resolution . He « ame to that meeting t * protest against the mockery of a fast , which was put up as a substitute for just institutions and permanent arrangements for the benefit of the people . It was well known that at this very moment the starving and wretchedly distressed people of Ireland were sending wheat , barley , oats , sheep , bullocks , pigs , aad ever ; kind of farm produce , from all their ports—sending this food—far better than they ever Jived upon at any timeat the very timo that they were called upon to avow themselves sinners , and blame Providence , instead ot
bad government , fur their misery . This could be only justly described by the term blasphemy . If the government had called upon the rich to give up one day's income , and the working classes one daj ' s wages , the result would have done more good to Ireland , and been more in accordance with common sense and religion , than such a ridiculous mockery . As an Irishman , he expressed his thanks for the sympathy showed for his suffering countrymen ; and begged to express his admiration ot the honesty with which they had come forward , at once to testify that sympathy , and repudiate the hypocrisy of statesmen aud bishops . ( Cheers . )
The resolution was carried unanimously , amid loud cheering . Mr M'Gratu rose amid great applause to move the next resolution , which stated that the famine in Ireland was not the visitation of God , but the direct consequence of man's misconduct—the misconduct of their governments , which , while they made laws for the benefit of the Irish landlords , at the same time reducec the people to the lowest possible diet . The speaker sa d , tbat in meeting there , they met for the purpose of protesting against a long continuance of systematic misgovernment . They had met hero this evening to vindicate Ai . nighty God from the calumnies and blasphemies heaped upon him . ( Immensecheering . ) What religious man was there present who would assert that it was the wish and will
of God to delight in the misery and wretchedness of Ireland 1 He could not reconcile any such atrociou * thought with his religious notions . We are told that Ireland existed under a Christian and good government , and yet there was no people on the face of the earth so wretched , so miserable , so dowu-trodden , ( Loud cheers . ) God is made the scapegoat of man ' s delinquencies . Ask why is Ireland so wretched—ask the landlords the reason ; they will tell you the fault rests not with them . Go to the traders , submit the same question , and tbe response will be , "It is no fault of ours " interrogate tbe clergy of all denominations , and they roar nut with one accord , " We have nothing to do with it ; it is a visitation of the wrath of Divine Providence for the manifold sins and wickednesses of the people . " Friends , depend on it if you supinely allow God to be the scapecoat , that misery , wretchedness , and destitution , will ever continue . ( Loud cheers . ) The injustice of men marred the blessings bestowed by Provi
deuce . The speaker then severely criticised the govern , meat measures for Ireland , which he contended were exclusively meant to benefit the landlords , and would inevitably leave the people in the same wretched , dependent , aud starving condition in which they now are . There were 5 000 , 000 acres of waste lands reclaimablein Ireland . Let the government make these millions national property , divide them into one million ot five-acre farms , and they would at once place a million families , or five millions of persons , in a situation by which they would be enabled to support thomtelves in comfort by honest industry . Surely the country which raised , a few years ago , the sum of £ 20 , 000 , 000 to send to the West Indian slaveholders , in lieu oftbelr black bondsmen , could raise £ 20 , 000 , 000 for such a purpose as this . And the lands so reclaimed would yield a rent to the State , thus converting those whom an ignorant , short , sighted system made a burden , into a source of strength and revenue to the State . ( Much cheering . )
Mr Moori seconded the resolution , and ndvoated a poor-law for Ireland , as a means of elevating thephysical and social condition of the people of Ireland . Cu & bles Cochiune , Esq ., supported the reselution . He cordially sympathised with the objects of the meeting , and he entirely concurred in tbe sentiments expressed in the resolution , by which all the evils of Ireland were attributed to misgovernment . —( Hear . ) The greatest sinners in this matter in tbe country were the authoriticsin Church and State—( laughter)—who , in a country abounding with raw material , and skill and industry necessary to produce abundance for all , had suffered so much misery to be generated by bad institutions . —( Cheers . )
Mr W . J . LtsroN moved tho last resolution , which declared that - the Irish people are justified in their endeavours to obtain such alterations lit their laws and instituiions ns seem expedient to them , and that tbe evils under which both Great Britain and Ireland have so long suffered , can never be remedied until a Government exists chosen by the people , possessing the confidence of the people , and acting in accordance with their wishes , " Mr Linton spoke in support ot the resolution at some length . Mr WiiEEtiR seconded it , and having been put to the meeting , it was , like the preceding resolutions , carried unanimously . A vote of thanks to the chairman was then given , and acknowledged ; after which , the meeting ( a numerous one ) broke up at a late hour ,
Pinsbury. A Meeting Was Held On Wednesda...
PINSBURY . A meeting was held on Wednesday evening at tbe City Lecture Theatre , Milton-street , for the purpose of raising subscriptions for tbe relief of of the destitute in Ireland . T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., M . P ., being prevented bj illness from attending the meeting , tVe chair was taken by the Rev Mi Jauch . The Cbaisuan said he had to apologise for occupying the chair on tbat occasion . He was a German , but was not wanting in sympathy for the misfortunes of Ireland . He had been in Ireland twice , and , from what he had seen o ! that country aid its people , be would even now be proud to be a citizen of starving Ireland .
Mr O'Cavanaoh , on proposing the first resolution , said that it was no more than a debt due to the Irish to assist them tn their present distress . It was not the fault of that people that they were now depressed . It was the result of English misnwnngeraent . A great number of aristocratic names was announced to be pre . sent at this meeting , but when he looked round he found they were absent . ( Cheers . ) He then proposed the following resolution ;—"That the unparalleled misery , pestilence , and torturous death , now enduring by our brethren in Ireland ^ ! having enlisted oar deepest sympathy and heartfelt regret , and having railed up in our pained hearts a warm desire to render them all the aid we can , we now pledge ourselves to subscribe to the utmost extent nf our means for the purpose of ameliorating the fearful position of that unhappy people , and thus by our influence and example induce others to do the snmo . "
Mr Clasci seconded the resolution , which was unanimously agreed to . Mr Dwank said when tbe English people complained of the number of paupers who came over to Liverpool , and talked of sending them back , they ought at the same time to send over the rich absentees to that country , and compel them to spend their property there . Be then moved the following resolution : — " That feeKng deeply , grateful to tbv > geuerom and
blgh-roiadedphilantlsropists ofthls > . > ntry , « ho hare already contributed to render relief to those In , need , without reference to creed or country , and who , by their presence here this evening , give evidence of their determination still to support the holy cause in which they hare embarked , We hereby tender to them , our fellow citizens , our warmest thanks , and the lasting gratitude of those who are anxiously looking across the water for assistance . " Which being seconded by Mr Cavlisah , was agreed to . The Rev . Mr Ticieb said he regretted that a ureatet ? number of Christian ministers were not present on such an occasion . He , however , hoped all those who were " present would do their duty , and would prove their sym . pathy for Ireland by subscribing liberally to alleviate the distress in that country . He then moved the third rejolution : —
" That the Committee of this Society shall not even , after this demonstration , dissolve ; but , on the contrary , having this evening explained its object , and placed be . fere tha public its reasons for appealing to them , still ' continue its periodical sittings and meetings , endeavouring , to the best of its power and resources , to collect moneys , and transmit them to Ireland , at least until some plan of permanent and efficient relief shall be 'adopted and acted upon by the Legislature . " . Which , being seconded by Mr Jay , was agreed to . I Mr Ebnest Jo » is then came forward , loudly cheered , itO' propoje the next resolution : —
" That overpowered with heartfelt gratitude at tho prompt , decisive , and energetic benevolence of the people of the United States of America , in their spontaneous and unsolicited aid to the poor peasantry 6 t Ireland , we feel language inadequate to give names to sensations of gratitude to thk nobis and independent people ; betokening , as it does , to the nations ot the earth , whether afflicted with distress caused by providential calsmitles or internal impolicy , that there is a great and magnanimous people on our globe , ever-ready with hope , succour , and consolation in tho hour of need , calling forth the overjoyed thanhs of this meeting , the lasting gratitude of Ireland , and the admiration of the world . " Mr £ , . Tohxs hoped the objects of the present meeting would be realised—but he begged to point their attention to the faet , that a republic had doae more than any monarchies to aid the Irish . ( Cheers . ) He disagreed ! nith those who called tbe English contributions "charity . " It was not charity—it was restitution .
( Loud cheers . ) Ireland had suffered grievously at the hands ot England—not of the English people—hut at the hands of that accursed etass-Iecislatlon , from which tha English suffered as well . —( Great cheering . } Therefore , although he was glad to see money contributed , as it was necessary to buy food for the starving—something more-was wanted besides money . ( Hear , hear . ) They must Bccollect who the food was bought from . For every bit of food that was put into the mouths of the starving , masses of money went into tbe pockets of the vtllanou * msnopolists , who had calculated on this cr ' sis , and evented the famine by hoarding the very com
these contributions bought . ( Loud cheers . ) He there * fore hoped tbe working men of Ireland would see that tbe best way of obtaining their rights was to join with the working men of England to subvert their common tyrants . ( Great cheering . ) If the Irish cry "Ireland far the Irish , " wc too cry " England for the English " —for the poor working men of this country are ns much alien on their own soil as you are on yours . ( Loud applause . ) Let the Irish working tnen be owners of the fertile soil of their emerald Isle , and they will need no help from England . Let us be freed from the lnmlrobbers who oppress us , and you will have to complain no more of England ' s tyranny . ( Immense cheering . )
The resolution was seconded by Mr Harral , and unanimously carried . A vote of thanks was then passed to the Northern Star , and liberal press , vtliich Mr E . Jones acknowledged , au . l the same compliment having been paid to the chairman , and to the proprietor of the establishmcutfor the gra * tultous use of the theatre , and a very considerable collection having been made , the meeting separated .
National Hall, Holborn. On Wednesday Las...
NATIONAL HALL , HOLBORN . On Wednesday last , a publie meeting was held , " to take into consideration the present unfortunate condition of Ireland , tlio causes which have led thereto , and to protest against the compulsory observance of a general fast . " Soon after the hour appointed for the meeting ( 2 o ' clock , ) , Mr T . Cooper was called to the chair . The Chaibuah addressed the meeting at considerable length on th >; subject which had led to their : assembling there that day .
Mr IhoE then came forward , and concluded an address of some length , by moving a resolution to the following effect : — " That , in the opinion of this meeting , the present lamentable condition of the Irish people was to be attributed to the political and social misrule and injustice to which for many years they had been subjected , and which in their operations have caused the mass of the people to be dependent on the lowest description of hunan subsistence , the failure of which for the last two seasons has produced misery and wretchedness unparalleled in tho history ot that country . " Mr Moons , at some length , seconded the resolution .
Mr fi . Joses coincided in statements put forth in thn resolution which had just been proposed to them , and contended that they were now witnessing the results which centuries of injustice had produced in Ireland , and that England was hersell paying the penalty of giving her sanction to many of those iniquitous proceedings . —! Hear , hear . ) As to what had been said of the bad conduct of the Irish landlords , he , for his part , did not think that they had been sufficiently blamed . —( Hear , hear . ) lie would remind them that it was only now , when the Government had to come forward with money , in conse . quence of the misconduct of the landlords , that the latter had been subjected to blame .- ( Hear , hear . ) To the English people the people of Ireland owed a deep debt of gratitude . The resolution was then put and agreed to .
Mr LiNrojf , in moving the second resolution , said , that food was not so cheap , nor was work so easily obtained , that the labourers of England nnd of Ireland should be called upon . it so calamitous a period to deprive their families of the benefits of a whole day ' s earnings . ( Hear , hear . ) He could have understood the common sense of the thing if they had called upon them to work harder , and to hand oyer their surplus earnings for the benefit of the starving people . That was a thing he could have understood , but to deprive the working man from earning food for himself and his family for a whole day , and upon such a pretence as was put forth , was in his opinion , not only ioolisb , but was mischievous . ( Cheers . ) lie concluded by moving the second resolution , to the effect— "That it was delusive to attribute the present distress of Ireland to the failure of the potato crop as a retribution of Divine Providence . "
Mr B . u . VBMDGE seconded the resolution , which was then put and agreed to . Mr Addiscombe moved the last resolution , and in doing so said that occasion would arise when it was necessary for the people to stand forward in opposi * tion to the gorernment . ( Hear , lit'ar . ) He concluded by a resolution to the effect that tho government ought to be called upon to render effectual justice to the people cf England and Ireland , and not by suspension ot labour to add to the general misery of tho country . Mr MucHiM seconded . the resolution , in a short address
. Mr K . Tatmr ( Common Councilman , ) who spoke from the body of the meeting , saidthat he begged to express his perfect concurrence in the sentiments which had been expressed , and he had the pleasure of telling them tbat he , for one , had set the proclamation at defiance , and none of his men had , at all events , been cheated of one day ' s work . ( Loud cheering for several minutes- ) Mr Watson next addressed the meeting , referring to . the opinion which the late Mr Cobbett had many
years ago expressed , of the mischief which would eventually result from a perseverance in the use of potatoes for human tood , and said tbat dreadful as was the misery which at present afflicted Ireland , if the result ef it could be to put a better kind ol food in the plates of the Irish people , it would at _ least bo some benefit resulting out of tlieir sad suffering . The resolution was then put , and like the two preceding ones , was unanimously agreed to . _ The thanks of the meeting were then given to tha chairman , aud the meeting separated .
The Past Dat At Swindon. Soasrisfo A Sii...
THE PAST DAT AT SWINDON . SoAsrisfo a Siieep . —The people of Swindon , Wiltshire , effected a very benevolent orject , on Wednesday last , by giving the poor of Wroughton—a village two miles from Swindon—the benefits of pur * , practical , pbilanthi opy . It appears that a sum of money was subscribed to purchase a sheep , which was roasted whole , in a iield granted for the purpose , where hundreds assembled to witness the operation . It was put to the tire at ten a . m . At five o ' ttlock the dissection commenced , when it was distributed to the recipients abovo alluded to . Ample quantities of bread and beer were duly s > rved ; not a single subscriber participated in tho good cheer , l > ut rendered tvery assistance to contribute to the comfort of thai * humble fritnds . Upwards of 1 , 500 persons assembled , to view the proceediugs , and amused themselves With several old English sports . The greatest order prevailed throughout tho day ; nnd much praise is due > to tho committee for their admirable arrangements . In the evening , a few speakers ad . irJssed tbe meetiag on «• , » «« propriety" of tha fast ! ( "feast" )—and the asiombly thun , uftsr giving three hewty cheers , quietly separated .
Etu - Bh At C«Waturh!Mplb.-A Surgical Op...
Etu - bh at C « waturH ! MPLB .-A surgical operation , the patient being under the influence d ether ym « performed at Constantinople on the ^ th instai . . A Bailor of a merchant ship had his hip djslocateu and his hip bono fractured , and had received somein teatine injuries bv the fall of a heavy bale ot morcluin . dise fromsennd in « biehit was suspended , upon h in . Br Glwoott , of the British hospitalat l ' cra . performed the operation with great skill , fhe matt was utterly insensible during tha very difficult , nnol but for the ether , moat painful settins > 1 the joint . Mr O'Coxsxiu , accompanied by one of his sons , has arrived in i aris , » n route for Italy . Mr Disraeli , M . P ., has purchased , for 430 , 000 , att esta ' . eat ilugundoa , Buckiuglusttshire .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 27, 1847, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_27031847/page/1/
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