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Tub BviLDixa for the exhibition of 1851 i8 to be made in Birmingham and tho neighbourhood.
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Messrs. sox, Henderson and Co., of the L...
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BANNOCKBURN. In reply to the invitation ...
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PORTRAIT OF SIR ROBERT PEEL
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. "Nowce to Subscribers. — This splendid...
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€o cormuoitffcm*
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He. Ebnbst Jones.—All letters and commun...
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THE NORTHERN STAR SV1UU55AV, «JLTT »?, 1...
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PREVENTION OF COLLIERT MURDERS. ' At the...
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HOW THE POOR ARE MADE AND KEPT POOR. It ...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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Ad00408
TTNITEV - PATRIOTS' AND PATRIARCHS' BENEFIT - SOQIJHX IJ * JL ! mZ 7 L ** dItolOGeo . IV , c . 56 , 4 4 5 WilL IV . c 46 , & 9 * lOTicia CT .-Instituted , TthFeb ., 1848 . - « .. c « u » , - . ai « d * a into six sections , to meet the necessities « nd requirement * of * II d « scesof mscMntcsttd « . ^ i 2 ffi ? mfifteeiy ^ ofa £ e to ftrty ^ Te . This Society consists of ibow tw « thousand . ^^• . ¦^ P * -JS ^ S rf ^ slaTlte-Id . ; haviig paid the follo 4 ig sums & r benefits sSnct ^ tjJo rnMhon :-Sickness , gffa ^ I & S ?! . ** SHperaSulifion , SOL Ot . 4 d . Pi « , S « . Ws . * -Jd .-Total , 7 , 15 « . 2 fc 7 } d . tt . fijtnw - nristhe SCAlE OFPEBStobepaia « tentttuiee : Ss . must be paid when admitted . andtheremainder can Ifc Mowing u * w ^ aperioa of aJx moSSs | to be paid with the subscriptions , * - ** -onMy , rfdea ^ : _ . _ ^ T ^ 1 st section . 2 nd section . 3 rd section . 4 th section . 5 ft section . eth section . tranT toS -.. £ 0 5 s . 2 d . .... £ 0 4 s . 8 d ..... £ 0 4 s . 2 d . .... £ 0 Js . Sd . .... * 0 ff "" £ 0 ttM _ * 2 _ S 6 .... 0 7 2 .... 0 6 8 .... 0 6 2 .... * | .... 0 a 2 .... not admitted _ H-40 .... OaO 2 .... 0 9 8 .... 0 9 3 .... t S 8 .... 08 2 .... orer - 40-45 .... 112 .... 10 2 .... 019 8 .... M 2 , « « 2 — . , tneatyjews « bdt tnmuax a aaam isn sursmawrnoiL iwfm'i MAra-wm s o » Noma ' s math , KntSection 18 s . Od . 6 s . Od . First Section .... £ 20 0 0 .... £ 10 0 6 fccfflrfS 15 0 6 0 . Secoadditto .... 16 0 . 0 .... 8 0 0 KdittT 11 0 4 0 ThirdditU .... 12 0 .... 6 0 0 Tonrtfadttto 9 8 * 0 Fonrth . dittO .... 10 0 0 .... 6 0 0 Kditto " ... 7 0 4 0 F ^*' -. 6 0 9 .... 8 0 j ^ diSo 7 0 none . Sixtbditto .... 2 10 0 .... non . LOSS BY FIRE In all the Divisions ( with the exception of the Sirfli ) JEW . Honthij- contributions to ensure the abflTe benefits . UnderSOyearsofage . ^ Toilr Uhder 45 . J ^^ iSf * " 3 0 1 GeneralExpenses 3 2 J } Insurance in caseof fire , 3 ' 7 ] 44 , * month for KdSto 2 4 S including . 2 6 can be raised to m , 2 10 Medical fX ^ toitoL 2 0 f Postage , ** ., 2 2 l * d . a month extra , 2 6 S Attendance and Efthfitto ..- 1 8 J lid . Monthly . 1 10 J or 201 . 3 d . ft month . 3 1 J Medicine . Sixtti ditto .... Yonftfi l ]) Giftj TOdow and Orphans' Funds extra , ftr which , see the rules . Amides are established in many of the principal Towns throughout the Kingdom , and agents are-required In all a ^ T »^ homaliberal 8 llowanceismade . Every information can be obtained , by application to the Secretary , at i ^ ffire of toe Society , 13 , TotteinTam-court , New-road ( thirteen doors from the top ofTottenham ^ ourt-road ) , St JtooM in theCountry appljingffor Boles can hare them forwarded , by enclosing twelre postage stamps , and if for fhnn of arofication . or information , three stamps must be enclosed . v « Dame * . William Runt , General Secretary .
Ad00409
ALSO THE "DRITISH EMPIRE FREEHOLD LAND AND BUILDING S 0 CD 3 TY JJ On an Advance your Rent is Sated—you become your own Land and Householder , JPatro ** . — ! LS . Dcscohbe , Es < i ., M . P . T . Wakeet , Esq ,, M . P . B . B . Gsbbell , Eso .., M . P . L . J . HANSABD , Esq . Bankers . —The CommercialBankofLondon ( Branch ) 6 , Henrietta Street , Corent Garden , Cftatrnuin < " / ZMr « fors . —Seosce W . M . Beinoids , Esa . ZatiMn 0 $ i £ S . —So . 13 , Tottenham Court , New Bead , St . Pancras , London . —Dawel "Williah Rom , Secretary . Abbakged is Three Sections . —Value of Shares and Paymentfor Investors . Full Share .. .. £ 120—payment of 2 s . 5 d . per Week , or 10 s . Cd . per Month . HalfShare .. .. 60 1 2 J 5 3 Quarter Share .. .. 30 O 7 i . 2 8 Applicants are requested to state in their form fbeSection my oesoe toiet Member ot So ScarEToas * , Sohchdes * , osKEDEsanos Pees , —The present Entrance Fee , including Certificate , Rules , i'C ., is 4 s . per Share , and 2 s . 6 d . for any part of a Share . Price of Boles , including Postage , Is . OBJECTS . 1 st—To enable members to build Dwelling Houses . 5 th . —To give to Depositing Members a higher rate of in-«„ a t « « fiH « i tin . mMnB of nnrehasine both Freehold terest than is yielded by ordinary modes of investment ^^^ S tSJSLS ^ tSSi ^ Meenoia enible Parents ttfmake Endowments for their sndLeasehold Properties or Land , Cliildren , or Husbands for their Wives , or for Marriage 3 rd . —To advance Mortgages on Property held by settie ^ ta . .. > Members . 7 th . —To purchase , a piece of Freehold Land of sufficient 4 th . —To enable Mortgagers being members to redeem value to give a legal title to a County Vote for Members ot tt «^ T w " r ininimr thu section eTerv nerson in town or country can become the proprietor of a House and Land in sS H" ^™ ta Ws fiienas . cSnnexions . orthe present means himself and familj " *^^« - ^ Jri ^ a cOT " fej " by shares to purchase Estates , erectPwellings thereon , and divide the Land into allot-« , « n # T < w ™ Tiwiflnjicre upwards , in or near the towns of the various branches of the society . The property to be the Sr * , 7 fti ^ dortne member after a term of seven years , from the date of location , according to his subscriptions . « S * 2 rf «^ n — Sarin ? or Deposit section , in which members not wishing to purchase are enabed to invest small sums , «^ Minterest at flie rate of five percent psr annum , oneverysum ofl 0 s . and upwards so deposited . N R— £ 500 wil ! be advanced to the members of the first Section in November next , when all persons who have and mav become members for shares , or parts of shares , on or before the 4 th ofJTovemhsr next , and who pay six months * inscriptions in advance , or otherwise , wBl be eligible for an advance .
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E M 1 G R A T I O IS . T HE BRITISH EMPIRE PERMANENT EMIGRATION ^ AND COLONISATION SOCIETY , To secure to each Member aFABM of notless than Tweaty-five Acres of Land in AMERICA , Bg SmaU Weekly or Monthly Contributions . Loxdos Office : —13 , Tottenham Court , New-road , St Pancras . —D . W . Bom , Secretary . OBJECTS . InDurchase alaree tract of Land in the Western States To purchase inlarge quantities , for the common benefit , ofAmericiuwa which to locate Members , giving twenty- all necessary live and dead stock , and other requisites , five acres to each Share subscribed for . supplying each member on location with the quantity re-ToTercet Dweffinss , and clear a certain portion of the quired at costpnee . land-on each allotment , previous to the arrival of the julottecs . . , , ,. To establish a depots from which to provide each fanwV ^ tlffi ^**^ J ^* i ^»**>* ** collective and separate rights and immuni'ies . own laudpsoduce-l sufficient for their support ¦ VALUE OF SHARES .. . Each Share to be of the ultimate Value of TVenty-five Pounds . To he raised bv Monthly or Weekly Subscriptions , as follows : — A Pavment of Ninepence per Week for Ten Years will amount to I 9 ( . 10 s . Bonus , SI . 10 s . Ditto Sixpence per Weekfor Fifteen Years will amount to 19 L 10 J . Bonus , 51 . 10 » . Kepayments may be made to the Society in Money , Produce , or Labour . ¦ Pmsnectases Rules Forms of Application for Shares , and every other information , may be had at the Office as ahmeTAll aimlications bv Letter , addressed to the Secretary , must be pre-paid , and enclose a postage stamp for reply , IrmMiran ? twelve nostase stamps a Copy of the Rules will be forwarded , post free . Forms of Entrance by enclosing S ^ SSpsV Agents reo . uiredinaUpartsofGreatBritain .
Ad00411
DB . TILHERS ON MEDICAL GALVANISM . ttpiYEN AWAY , " A PAMPHLET \ J on the extraordinary inflnenceand MffiACULOUS PROPERTIES OF GALVANISM , not alone , but in conjunction with scientific medical treatment , without which GALVANISM IS USELESS in aU NERVOUS AFFEC"HOSSof fheMKD and BODY , mental depression , delusions confusion , excitement involuntary blushing , paralysis , epilepsy , tic dolonreus , spinal complaints , lumbago , gout , sciatica , local and rheumatic pains , incipient insanity , indigestion , liver complaints , diseases of hot climates , prostrate glands , asthma , dulness of sight or hearing , stiff joints , deficiency of nervous energy , female disorders , & c . BvG . VILLIERS , MD ., formerlyaSurgeonmtheArmy , and on her Majesty ' s Medical Staff at Sierra Leone . A
Ad00412
HEALTH "WHERE 'TIS SOUGHT ! HOLL O "W AT' S PILLS . Cure of a Disordered Liver and Stomach , when in a most hopeless state . Extract of a Letter from Mr . Matthew Harvey , of Chapel TTaH Airdrie , Scotland , dated the 15 th of January , 18-50 . Sie , —Your -raluable pills have been the means , with God's blessing , of restoring me to a state of perfect health , and at a time when I thought Iwas on the brink of the grave . I had consulted several eminent doctors , who , after doing what they could for me , stated that they considered zny case as hopeless . I ought to say that Ihad been suffering from a liver and stomach complaint of long standing , which during the last two years got so much worse , that every one considered my condition as hopeless . I , as a last resource , got a box of your puis , which soon gave relief , and "by persevering in their use for some weeks , together with rubbing night and jnorniDS your Ointment over my chest andstomach , and right side , leave by their means alone got completely cured , and to the astonishment of myself and everybody who knows me . —( Signed ) Mahhew Hahvst . —To Prof essor Holloway . Cure of a Case of Weakness and Debility , of Four
Ad00413
MES . SHAW'S BENEFIT . The Committee beg to inform those parties holding Tickets and Cash of the late Benefit at the City of London Theatre , that their final meeting wflltake place on Wednesday evening , the 31 st inst , at the Bird Cage , Bird Cage "Walk , Befhnal Green , when a settlement is most earnestly desired . If more convenient , the same may be paid to Mrs . Shaw , 2 i , Gloucester-street , Commercial-road' East , or to J . Cotton , Hoaorary Secretary , 16 , Norfolk-street . Xew-Boad , Commercial-road East ,
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NOTICE To the Members of the Mottram Branch of the National Land Campany . A PUBLIC MEETING lX will be held at the house of Mr . Mabti . v Clattox , near the New Inn , Holliogworth , on Sunday , July 28 th , at Two o'Clock , when every member is expected to attend . By order of tha Committee . Maetih Claitos , Secretary .
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TO TAILORS . By approbation of Her Majesty Queen Victoria , and H . R . H . Prince Albert .
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CHALLENGE FOR £ 500 STERLING . THAT . DR . GREER'S SIXPENNY PAMPHLET ON MEDICAL BEFOBM ( which will be sent free for six Queen-head stamps ) , contains the most succesful medical and surgical practice since 1814 , yet published by any living man . 'Dear Sib , —After many eminent doctors gave me over , even in the Infirmary , where their best skill and medicine were used , till all declared it was impossible I could survive , as my whgs , they said , were as ulcerated as my neck , breast ; and arms , which bear many scrofulous marks , your pills cured perfectly ; grateful to you and thankful to God . Paiur Teibhi ^ so , Bridgegate-street , Glasgow . —To Dr . Greer . '
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DEAFNESS AND SINGING IN THE EARS INSTANTLY CURED WITHOUT PAIN OR
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CAUTION ! RUPTURES EFFECTUALLY CURED WITHOUT A TRUSS ! . ' DR . DE ROOS still continues to supply the afflicted with his celebrated cure for RUPTURE , the efficacy ef which for both sexes , and all ages , is now too well established to need comment It is perfectly free from danger , causes no pain , confinement , or inconvenience , and will be sent free , with full instructions , < fcc , rendering failure impossible , on receipt of 7 s . in cash , or by Post Office order , payable at the Holborn Office . A great number of Trusses have been left behind by persons cured , as trophies of the immense success of this remedy . N . B . Letters of inquiry should contain two postage
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Education for the Millions . ; THIS DAT IS PUBLISHED , ' ; : ; . ; \ \ - ¦ ¦' ¦¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ . - -. ¦ ' So . 1 L . of " ' ¦ ' •' ¦ : f '''?' " « - ; ., i \ - ¦ :
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THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVES rOBLISHBD . Price Is . 6 d ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAJNE'S POLITICAL WORKS .
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EMIGRATION TO NORTH AMERICA . W TAPSCOTT AND CO ., SHIPPING and Emigration Agents , Liverpool , continue to despatch First Class Ships—To NEW TOKK—every Five Days . To NEW ORLEANS—every Ten Days . To BOSTON and PHILADELPHIA—every Fifteen Days . And occasionally to BALTIMORE , CHARLESTON , SAVANNAH , QUEBEC , and St JOHNS . Drafts for any amount , at sight , on New York , payable in any part of the United States . Tapscott ' s "Emigrant ' s Guide" sent free , on receipt of Four Postage Stamps . © f About twenty-eight theusand persons sailed for the New World , in Tapscott's line of American Packets . in 1849 .
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DEAFNESS . — Important Notice . — Mr . FRANCIS , the eminent aurist , who has devoted his attention solely to DISEASES of the EAR , continues to effect the most astonishing cures in all those inveterate cases which have long been considered hopeless , and of thirty or forty years standing , enabling the patient to hear a whisper , without pain or operation , effectually removing deafness , noises in the head , and all diseases of the aural canal . Mr . F . attends dail y from 10 until C , at his consulting rooms , e , Beaufort-buildings , Strand , London . Persons at a distance can state their case by letter . Advice to the poor , Monday , Wednesday , and Friday , from 6 till 8 in the evening .
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FEAMPTON ' S PILL OF HEALTH . ; ' Price Is . ljd . per Box , THIS excellent Family PILL is a Medicine of long-tried efficacy for correcting all disorders of the stomach and bowels , the common symptoms of which are costiveness , flatulency , spasms , loss of appetite , sick head ache , giddiness , sense of fulness after meals , dizziness of the eyes , drowsiness , and pains in the stomach and bowels , indigestion , producing a torpid state of the liver , and a consequent inactivity of the bowels , causing a disorganisation of every function of the frame , will , in this most excellent preparation , by a little perseverance , be effectually removed . Two or three doses will convince the afflicted of its salutary effects . The stomach will speedily regain its strength ; a healthy action of the liver , bowels , and kidneys wiUrapidly take place ; and instead of listless , ness , heat , pain , and jaundiced appearance , strength , activity , and renewed health , will be the quick result of taking this medicine , according to the directions accompanying
Ad00424
NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . OFFICES , 14 , SODTHAMPTON STItEET , STBAND .
Tub Bvildixa For The Exhibition Of 1851 I8 To Be Made In Birmingham And Tho Neighbourhood.
Tub BviLDixa for the exhibition of 1851 i 8 to be made in Birmingham and tho neighbourhood .
Messrs. Sox, Henderson And Co., Of The L...
Messrs . sox Henderson and Co ., of the London works , at Smethwick , hare the contract for the iron framework ; Messrs . Glance , of Spon-lane , will supply the enormous quantity of glass required ; and the tubes are also entrusted , to a firm in the district . These three materials constitute , in fact , the entire building .
, mf * u "" sna vr ABM 1 HISTHA 1 I 0 N ( IRE iand ) . —The number of probates and letters of administration granted in Ireland in seven years 1847 1848 , and 1849 , according to a recent return , has been wspectwely 3 , 367 , 2 798 , and 2 , 748 1 and the amounts of duty paid each year £ 82 , 939 14 s lflV £ 73 , 493133 . 10 a / and £ 73 , 805 18 , U , The total number granted for the three vears Vha ^ L * 'i B 'Zo & i £ TT ^ - ^^• - ft ^ SrgRs of malignant , or Asiatic cholera and rbl' ! m ° * ^ tft ^ t ^ JSStf VetafSto . ^^ -XwHtter Guardian of
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' . '¦• ¦'« ,.- ••• * : ; i iOnSaturday / BrdAugust , ¦ : : ¦ - ... Will appear , the first humlrer of the New Series of : ? : » p ; H 1 , I ; B I S H MA N . JL The- '' Irishman . " will be ; conducted on the same principles as before , and will continue to prove itself the learless ' and uncompromising advocate of the ri g hts of the Irish people . ' ; ' - ' , ' ¦ ' .. ' . .. ' . ''' ..: "' . " . " . Subscriptions ( In all cases payable in advaitej—Teariy , £ 1 la 8 d ; Half-ye » rly ,- 10 s lOd ; Quarterly , 5 s fid ; Single Paper , 5 d . Subsfiribers to the former Series will receive the Paper as usual . -- ' . ' ¦ ' ¦ . aJl communications to be addressed to William Dondab , at the office ot the "Irishman , " No . 4 , Angleseastreet , ( near Dame-street ) , Dublin .
Ad00427
WORKS IN PREPARATION , By ERNEST JONES , Of the Mddle Temple , Barrister-at-Law , To be published , uniform with the Magszines , on the 1 st of September , THE NEW WORLD , A Political Poem , dedicated to the people of THE UNITED QUEENDOM , AND OF THE UNITED STATES , With copious notes , addressed especially to the Working Classes . On the 1 st of October , HELD AG ON CHURCH , D A Religious Poem , dedicated to
Bannockburn. In Reply To The Invitation ...
BANNOCKBURN . In reply to the invitation of my friend , Henry Kay , to attend the meeting at Bannockburn , on the 26 th of August , I beg to say that all other business being laid aside , I will have great pleasure in making one of the congregation on the occasion , when I shall hope to find the Scottish mind of the present day , as energetic as in those days of which Bannockburn will remind them . - Feargus O'Connor .
Portrait Of Sir Robert Peel
PORTRAIT OF SIR ROBERT PEEL
. "Nowce To Subscribers. — This Splendid...
. "Nowce to Subscribers . — This splendid likeness , beautifully Engraved on Steel , of the deceased Statesman , is now ready , and may be had of any of the Agents , at the same price as the Portraits previously published .
€O Cormuoitffcm*
€ o cormuoitffcm *
He. Ebnbst Jones.—All Letters And Commun...
He . Ebnbst Jones . —All letters and communications for Mr . Ernest Jones to be directed for him , during his absence from town , to 62 , Queen ' s-road , Bayswater , London . Nottingham . —Mr . J . Sweet begs te acknowledge the receipt of the following sums ( sent herewith ) tiz . : — For Wisdino-OT Fond—Mr . Cox , 3 d ; Mr . Dalton , 2 d ; Mr . Mellora , Is ; Mr . Elson , 6 d ; Mr . Lee , Is Mr . Barton , 6 d . —For It . H . Howes—Prom the Eagle tavern , 2 s Gd . For Mas . IiAcr—From the Eagle Tavern , 2 s 6 d . Db . M'Doitah ,. —We are requested to state that Dr . M'Douall has removed to Ashtonjhis address in future
will be " Park Parade , Ashton-undcr-Lyne . " Having a Board of Health to attend to , Dr . M'Douall cannot , at present , accept invitations to lecture , or attend public meetings . Friends disposed to assist Dr . M'Douall in his effort to establish himself in bis own profession will oblfgo by forwarding any pecuniary aid intended for that purpose to the care of Mr . Aitken , schoolmaster , Ashtonunder-Lyne . ¦ The Lacet Fond . —H . Wilks , Secretary , acknowledges the following subscriptions ;—City Ladies Shoemakers , per Greenslade , £ 2 ; Mr ; Layton . Sd . ; Mr . Farey ' s book , King and Queen , 7 s . 5 d . ; Collected , John-street , July 2 nd , 3 s OJd ; E . Farey , 6 d . ; J . Davies , Gd .: G . Davies , fid . ; J . Norton , fid . J . J . L . —Received . Wm . Hat , Edinburgh—The notice' would be chargeable advertisement
• as an , Pousn Refugee Fund . —Committee of the Tower Hamlets Reform Association , 10 s ; Charles Duddnage , 2 s 6 d ; Robert Perry , Is ; Philip RandaU , 2 s 6 d ; Preston , 6 d i Per Smith Barber , Is Tallboy , to be continued while in employ , la ; C . Eagerton , Marshall-street , 2 s ; William Cotland , Leicester . 3 s ; Hemmings , Cheltenham , Is : Buckingham , ditto , Is ; Bulks , ditto , Is ; Wilks , ditto , Is ; Algar , ditto , 3 d ; Eisiock , 6 d ; Liverpool , per G . E „ M ., 9 s 2 d ; B . Snuggs , Is ; a Jacobin , Penrith , Gd : Ainend to Liberty , 2 s Gd ; A few journeymen tailors York , per Thomas Newry , 4 s 3 d ; Roberts , 64-Stourbridge , Gd ; G . W . Holland , 2 s 9 d ; Shoemakers Rising Sun , Calendar-yard , per Brown , 5 s ; Morneig , 6 d : sherrard , 6 d ; Moy , the slave , per Brown , 2 s fid ; Bozer ' s book , 2 s Id ; J . T ,, 3 d ; Pestofer , Hare-street , per Stranger , 5 s .
The Northern Star Sv1uu55av, «Jltt »?, 1...
THE NORTHERN STAR SV 1 UU 55 AV , « JLTT »? , 1850 .
Prevention Of Colliert Murders. ' At The...
PREVENTION OF COLLIERT MURDERS . ' At the very moment that the lordly and wealthy owners of Coal Mines are engaged in the attempt to defeat an efficient plan of Government inspection , for the purpose of preventing accidents in Coal Mines , a timely and terrible warning to the Legislature of the necessity : for such a measure has occurred . On Tuesday morning , out of twenty persons
who descended Mr . Sneden ' s "pit , " at Commonade , near Airdrie , nineteen perished instantaneously . "Allof a sudden a terrific explosion occurred , " which not only caused this nppalliiig loss of life , but « shattered and destroyed all the implements in the pit . " One man alone escaped . He was standing near the bottom of the shaft when he heard the ex plosion and suddenl y threw hitnaelf down , to allow the fiery storm to pass over . On ririrS he found the buckets which communicated wi the surface shattered , but finding a piece of wood , heinserted itinthelinks 0 g f the chain and having given the signal , was drawnTn account of the cause of a catastronhe . * hv
jmen the whole of the party with which he descended the pit a few minutes before were converted into a heap of dreadfully , charred , disfigured , and mutilated corpses . For nearly twenty years this subject has been under the consideration of the Legislature . Frequent inquiries have been made and " blue books" compiled on the subject , in which the extent of the evil , and the imperative necessity for Legislative interference were
Prevention Of Colliert Murders. ' At The...
distinctly enunciated , and strongly enforced . But apathy on . the one hand ; and selfishness on the other have ,, heretofore , combined to prevent anything like an earnest attempt to carry out these recommendations ; and , not the least influential cause of this lamentable delay has been the want of any combined ahd determined movement on the part of the operative miners themselves . Of late years , however , they have shown themselves alive to the paramount importance of a question which affects not only their own lives and safety , but the welfare of their wives and children , who by these sudden and desolating explosions are liable at any moment to be rendered widows and orphans , and to be thrown on the cold charity of the Poor Law
officials . A bill providing for the Inspection of Coal Mines was accordingly prepared and brought intotheHouse of Lords by Earl Carlisle , who , in his speech , outlined the nature of the evil against which he wished to . provide , and the very moderate nature of the provisions of the measure itself . The noble lord was peculiarly desirous to conciliate the extensive owners of coal mines , to whom he addressed himself ;
but his bland tone , and really amiable disposition , did not avert a storm of lordly indignation at the bare idea of such an interference with the rights of capital as was involved in the proposed measure , Lord Londondebbt might have been a Manchester mill-master for *{ he nonce , so warmly did he expound and defend the Canons of the devilish gospel of Political Economy , which makes Property everything , and Man nothing .
The objects of the bill , as originally proposed , were to provide for a due inspection of the mines , by officers appointed by the Government " at all reasonable times ; " to give these Inspectors the power of reporting to Government where they found the ventilating , and other working arrangements of the mines , „ were deficient , and to require ; the preparation , and production of proper and , complete plans and sections of the whole , of the-works , wherever , such plans and sections do not now exist . It will be seen , therefore , that the Inspectors were precluded from any direct or personal interference , however imminent the danger might
be . They were rigidly restricted to a report to the Home Office , and a statement to the coal master , as to the nature of the defects they had observed . They had no power whatever to enforce any immediate remedy , by which an accident might be prevented , and thus the Capitalist was left to his . own discretion , as to whether he would " do what he liked with his own , " by working the pit without the necessary precautions , after he had received warning from the Inspector that it was dangerous to do so . If he chose to disregard these warnings ,
however , there was one clause which would have brought such conduct under the purvieu of the law . Hitherto it is well known that Coroners' inquests on colliery accidents have been the most contemptible and hollow of all mockeries . A jury , suddenly assembled , hears as witnesses overseers , viewers , and others , all of whom have a direct interest in smothering inquiry . They , one and all , swear ( of course ) that the pit was in the very best working
conditionthat they cannot form the least idea how the accident happened , unless , indeed , it was through the carelessness of the men themselves The coroner sums up , and the jury forthwith return a verdict of ' - Accidental Death ; " and there the matter rests . The pitmen are murdered by the neglect of proper precaution on the part of the owners of the pits , and then the murderers and their agents malign their victims , and charge them with what in fact amounts to deliberate suicide .
To . put an end to such juggling tricks as these , the fifth clause of the original bill provided that no inquest should be held without two days previous notice to the Home Secretary . This would have enabled the Inspector for the district to have attended the inquest , and if any . report had been made and disregarded with respect to a pit which was afterwards the scene of an accident , to have brought home the blame of such accident to its real authors .
This . clause was , in fact , the only efficient protection to the pitmen contained in the bill . It would have substituted a horn fide for a sham inquest . It would have compelled the coal masters to pay attention to , and to act upon the reports of the Inspectors , at the risk of being found guilty of manslaughter , or culpable homicide . The proprietors of mines in the Upper House , succeeded in striking it out , and if it ia not restored by the Commons , the bill will be almost useless ; practically , we may say entirely so .
As further indications of the animus by which the Lords were actuated , we may notice that the original second clause gave the inspectors the power of visiting the pits at all reasonable ' times . The Lords have added the words , " so as not to impede nor obstruct the working of the colliery . " Now , it appears that the Inspector cannot go down into a pit when the work is going on—the onl y useful time for him to do so—without in some degree impeding the work . It is clear , that if the machinery is employed in lowering and raising the Inspector , it cannot be at the same time hoisting up tubs
of coal . His going down at all , therefore , may , under this proviso , be legally objected to by any adverse overseer or manager . True , the Inspector , when once down , will not in terfere in the slightest degree with the people at work ; , but the very fact of his descending at all will , for the time being , stop the sending of coals to the "bank ; " and , as Inspectors will no doubt bo looked upon with anything but friendly eyes in general , " we are not
going too far in anticipating that the whole machinery of tho Bill , if it overpasses into law , will , in very many cases , be rendered a mere caput mortuum . The Inspectors will be there , but they will only be allowed to perform their duties on the sufferance of capricious , adverse , obstinate , or interested proprietors and managers . If the bill passes in this shape , it will scarcely be worth the paper it is printed upon . A fine of £ 10 is to be imposed on any one who obstructs the Inspectors ; but a
manager , who has refused to allow an . inspection , on being summoned for that refusal , will always be able to point to the words we hare quoted as a sufficient justification- ; and when we remember the intimate relations which in a coal mining district subsist between coal masters and " Justices of the Peace , " we may be pardoned for remembering the Scotch proverVthat "hawks dinna pike out hawks ' e ' en . " The £ 10 fine will be as great a sham as the coroners' inquests .
But even in the case of the fines nominally imposed , something more than we find in the Ml is needed to make them real . There are two pena ties imposed-one not exceeding £ 20 , and another not exceeding £ io . But , as no mmmum is fixed , it will be in the power of the magistrates , who are almost all colliery proprietors , to make the fine so light that the party convicted will laugh at it . There is nothing to prevent the magistrates from fixing it at a shilling in ono case , and sixpence in another . The Miners' deputation , now in London , ask—we think most justly—that a
minimum of £ 10 should be fixed in the case of the £ 20 penalty , and that not less than £ 5 be levied where parties have rendered themselves liable to a fine of £ 10 . If Parliament is to legislate at all on this subject , let it be in good faith ; the mere fact of its having been taken up at last , after Jong delay , proves that its importance can no longer be denied , or the necessity for dealing with it evaded . In the speech of the Earl of Carlisle , however , we find the extent of the evil very inadequately stated . Accord ™ ? .
, his lordship upwards of 100 persons perished by these explosions , in 1845 ; in 1846 35 naT
Prevention Of Colliert Murders. ' At The...
_ persons . Had tljese nombers p seren or ten fold , they wonld hare been nearer the truth . The 'following table of deaths by accidents in coal mines in the first five months of the present year , and which has been care fully comp iled from the columns of the Mining Journal , will show the wild waste of life which actually takes p lace under the present system : —• ACCIDENTS IN MINES , TAKEN FBOM THE "MININO JOURNAL / ' FROM JAMUABY 8 TH to MAY 28 m , 1850 . m o > # ' 9 . a 1 Is isS | i I > H ^ . Januarys .... 1 3 1 »> » , ' ? „ '» .... 1 „ 2 „ 1 J „ 19 .... n ii 3 •» « , » 2 „ 26 .... 1 1 5 „ 1 * Feb . 2 2 2 „ .. * i 9- ' — 9 2 4 'k 'J Jr 16 .. ' . * » } 2 | \ » 23 .-. .. 1 ) » I , ; March 2 .... 1 10 4 .. 2 « 9 jS * „ 16 .... 10 1 5 „ * 3 | „ 23 .... „ 1 3 „ * * ., 30 i 4 „ 1 | April 6 .... 4 ,. 3 „ 1 » . „ 13 .... 3 6 5 „ » . J * 20 7 3 2 ,. 2 14 „ 27 .... 2 2 6 „ 4 13 Maj 4 .... 12 1 „ 4 | „ 11 .... 1 „ 6 „ I I „ 18 .... y * V " 1 4 „ 25 .... 2 » , 1 " ""¦ - " 53 47 68 2 35 195
We have no doubt that numerous other cases have occurred which have , from various causes , escaped publicity ; . but here we find , in less than five mouths , a total loss of nearly two hundred lives from causes which , we have no hesitation in saying , are every one of them preventible . We have , indeed , only to contrast the number of accidents that take place in the mines of this country with those which occur in those ofMulheim , the most fiery mine on the Continent , in order to see tho criminality
of our past neglect , -and the imperative necearity of vigorous and effective measures in future . Mr . Tremenhere states , that the number of killed in the [ Mulheim Collieries is one in two thousand , while in England it is one in one hundred persons . What is the cause of this startling difference ? Why , thafc rigid Governmental inspection has been instituted in the one case , while the capitalists have been allowed to make money in the other , heedless of the wholesale slaughter and misery caused by their reckless and heartless conduct . v
We earnestly hope that the defects we have pointed out in the bill , as sent down from the Lords , will be remedied , and that a foundation may thus be laid this session , for measures which will still further protect the lives of a body of men , to whom this country is more indebted than to any other class of workers . Our manufacturing and mercantile greatness rests upon our coal and iron mines , and they whose labours set in motion the mighty engines andthe gigantic machinery , which makes Great Britain known in every portion of the habitable globe , deserve pre-eminently the protecting care of the State , while pursuing their arduous and trying , but most valuable avocation .
How The Poor Are Made And Kept Poor. It ...
HOW THE POOR ARE MADE AND KEPT POOR . It will be remembered , that Mr . Slaxei succeeded , in the early part of the Session , in obtaining the appointment of a Select Committee to consider and suggest' means of removing obstacles , and giving facilities to safe investments for the savings of the middle and working classes . The importance of such an inquiry must be obvious to all who have given the subject the slightest consideration . In no
other country in Europe has there been a more palpable and deplorable absence for facilities for safe and attainable investments by frugal and prudent persons of small incomes than in England . The whole tendency of our Legislature has been to encourage the accumulation of vast fortunes in the hands of the few , and to discourage , in every possible way , the desire orthe habit of self-helpful foresight and independence among the great mass of the community . Indeed , with the exception of the Sayings Banks , it is only very recently that Parliament recognised the existence of
persons , or attempted to give them any protection whatever . By the Friendly Societies Act , a timid and temporising provision was made , through the means of which a small number of persons might , under great restrictions and difficulty , obtain protection to a very limited extent ; but aa soon aa the Government saw that the working classes were availing themselves , in large numbers , of a stray expression in a clause of that act , to combine their savings for the purpose of purchasing real property , the act was
at once rendered more stringently prohibitive of their attempts to raise themselves in the social scale . The oligarchy who rule us , are determined , as far as in them lies , that the industrious classes of England shall be socially , as well as politically , slaves . As to the Savings Banks , we have frequently shown how they have acted as a cunningly contrived piece of machinery to induce the slaves to provide the oligarch y with the means of rivetting their own chains . It is
very doubtful indeed , if the Government of this country could have maintained its hostile attitude to progressive political and financial reforms in the manner it has done for the last fifteen or sixteen years , if it had not had the £ 30 , 000 , 000 invested with the Savings Banks to trade upon . Recent events have shown the worthlessness of the securities these institutions were supposed to offer to depositors , and the alterations proposed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer , are not such as to
cause any increase of confidence on the part of the labouring classes . Limited 38 were the benefits derived from them , under their best aspect , they will be still more attenuated in future . In any case , however , neither Savings Banks nor Friendl y Societies present what is desiderated . The Select Committee in the report they have just made , truly remark , that investments in land , or landed securities , are much desired by the middle and working classes , but the uncertainty and complexity of titles , and the length and cost of
conveyances , together with the cost of stamps , place these investments generally beyond the reach of these parties . They recommend , as a remedy , the simplification of titles , and the shortening of conveyances , by which they think the greatest benefit would be conferred , both upon the owners of land , and upon the smaller capitalists desirous of purchasing land in small portions . The present system virtually shuts out the great bulk of the population from any , chance of owning as much land as will bury them in .
Upon one topic—to which we have frequently and earnestly adverted , as lying at the very basis of co-operative industrial efforts for the social improvement of the masses—the Select Committee have dwelt very fully , and we are happy to add , they endorse the opi » nions -we have long advocated . The defective state of the law of partnership in this country is a disgrace to our jurisprudence . It interposes no barrier whatever to the concoction and perpetration of deliberate plans for swindling ; while it throws insurmountable obstacles in the way of any well meant associative efforts on the part of the diUon nilg t 0 impr ° Ve theu own oon *
The Crown is , in certain cases , empowered to grant charters to limit the liability of partners . This power , seldom exercised , involves , it appears , even greater expense than the only other course—that of obtaining an Act of Parliament . The projectors of thsMetropoli jtau Model Lodging Houses ftx "WoxiuneSj
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 27, 1850, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_27071850/page/4/
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