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September 27, 185i;¦ ; ' . THE NORTHERN ...
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REPUBLICAN DESPOTISM. *Set a beggar on h...
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MONIES RECEIVED Fob.thb Week Endiso Thur...
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Thb Lais Ooibagb is ihe Forest of Dban.—...
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF - UNITED TRADES....
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fWw: iflmtngB.
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GREAT REFORM MEETING AT MANCHESTER. A me...
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PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. On Monday afternoo...
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^ The Fatal Scaffold Accident at Pirnr™ ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Cost Of Ignorance Akd Chime. On The ...
• ntf vidaakvthe state possesses . a > ntromng influence in Reformation of their general charac-* 1 MJ dpursnUs / and cab make these either su-Srrarandusefuli or depraved and mischievous , Scording to the use it makes of that power , Oaf statesmen and rulers resolutely shut Xeir eyes upon this great and precious truth . < They habitually ignore the fact tbat they have the pewer of shaping this good man , and Prevent him from becoming that bad one , by " ih app lication of the requisite appliances , Thev are content to look passively-on while
thousands of helpless and unlortunate children are broug ht up in the midst of an impure and polluted moral atmosphere to ; bfe ba 3 men ' paddtizens , bad subjects . ^ They stand by and do nothing till thehrjiuidcenceislbst ., Ayhen the pure child has become a thief , then ,, and noV $ il then , . the imighty engine framed by leg islative ingenuUy'seizes upon aim , 'brands jiim with its stig ^ a , m ~ ak . es ~^ of eharxie , reprdach , ^ a ^ dy ; ivoi 6 ^ C 6--and . thus ghuts out ' all hope of reformation or restoration lO SOciety ^ " .,:- ¦ : : - . . ; .. % . - . ; -r .=: ¦ . - ;
It-i & a terrible thing -for a Christian bom * jnmtif to destroy tbe ;' a ' buls / and pervert . the jjves oHts suhjeets n ^ Jft' is all the more . fearful , " , when it is .. recolIected : that .: to jisve made them good men and good citizens ifoold .. cost , far less- money and- trouble them to have turned them out , . thus misshapen , brutal , " and savage .. The experience ofthe Glasgow Industrial Schools 6 B . OWS that the maintenance , industrial , learning , and mental instruction of its poor children costs SA a yeaiv A pauper costs thirteen ponrids ; a prisoner sixteen pounds seven and fourpence .
5 fhis , ; 2 a . thrifty , economical Scotland . We dare ' not count the cost of paupers and criminals in England . We Lave beard , that in gome prisons , including rest , the annual cost ef each inmate is not less than sixty pounds i Certain it is , that the . expense ot ' our criminal population , direct and indirect , cannot be counted by less than millions ; while the whole ofthe educational machinery set in motion by government , is covered by a petty yearly grant of some hundred- and fifty thousand pounds . We believe that ifc would . do more if the state of public opinion would permit it . But ,
Jiorribleto state , ' the religious' would , par excellence , form the great barrier to the extension of educational facilities for tbe masses Until they ,, can . " agree what creed shall be taught , no instruction in the duties which man owes to man , which the citizen owes to the community , shall be imparted . TDntU they hare settled which , is the true , reading of doctrines , which liave set nations and sects by the ears for centuries , the masses are to grow up untaught , uncared for , unprovided with the physical and mental training , which is requisite to enable them to support themselves by honest industry , and to contribute their quota , to the general welfare . Sure and grievous is the retribution we endure for this
great wrong . If we refuse to make provision whereby they may learn how to discharge the cuties of citizens , we must accept the other alternative , of supporting them either as paupers or criminals . There is no escape from the penalty . We have paid , and are paying it , in a thousand ways . It is not only the moneycost of our useless franchise system , the large expenditure upon workhouses , gaols , lunatic asylums , penal colonies , and the administration of so-called ' justice , that we suffer . The whole line of society is depraved and diseased ¦ -its energies are wasted in vain , futile and wongly directed efforts— -and , in the midst of the chaos , the Legislature sits in a costly palace fulminating laws against evils , the tanses of -which are left wholly untouched .
Within the last week or two , we have seen gatherings of several educational parties , professedly anxious that the people should be properly instructed . At . Leeds , the advocates il the humbii £ called * Voluntary Education / mustered under the presidency of Edward BiiSEs , and resolved that no systematic and national effort shall be made to banish Ignorance , and dry up the sources of Crime . At Manchester , another Association , a little more enlightened , patronised—under the sanction of & e Bishop—a petty plan which might suit Manchester andks neighbourhood tosomesmali
extent , but which is wholly inapplicable to the national wants . The Government , meanwhile , dares not move further . How different from all this is the policy of lie Republican States of America . There the people have the government in their own hands , and the use they make of their power is to put educational facilities within the reach of the whole population . The Common Schools of Democratic America are the
accusing angel of European monarchies . Iutellu gsnce , Industry , and enterprise , are the moving springs of action , the guarantees of prosperity and durability in a Commonwealth . Ignorance , Superstition , Slavery , and Crime , are the foundations of a Despotism , in which the horrible blasphemy of 'the many for the fine or the few , ' is avowed and acted upon . How long shall such monster evils disfigure ^ d yulute this fair earth ?
September 27, 185i;¦ ; ' . The Northern ...
September 27 , 185 i ;¦ ; ' . THE NORTHERN STAR . '
Republican Despotism. *Set A Beggar On H...
REPUBLICAN DESPOTISM . * Set a beggar on horseback , and his destination is easily , though not often charitably predicted . The unlimited Government of France , by a system of espionage—the promot ion of Carlieb , tne Fouche of the day , and of Colonel Ccuston , who so lately presided wer the court-martial at Lyons—the expulsion of innocent and harmless foreigners , and the prosecutions of the press , at a time fchen the political mind is sought to be divided and excited by the factions for the Presidency ,
to which must be added the unruffled state of public opinion , needs uo prophet to predict , is ihe small cloud in the political horizon , portending a revolutionary storm , "which "will not onl y sweep Lotus ^ Napoleon from power , but scatter to the winds the pretensions of the aspiring Orleanist and Legitimist factions . Lord Palmekston , -when ho met his constituents at Tiverton , on Wednesday , said'It was not a good trade to undertake to be a political prophet ; ' but still he said , ' although there are many parsons in this country and abroad , -who look forward to the year 1852 with apprehension and alarm , yet I may say
that I am strongl y inclined to hope that that Jear may pass over without any of those canities which some g loomy minds anticipate it will bring / His Lordship , however , omitted fe state on what he grounded his hopes ; and although from his official situation we might We expected to have had a short glance at forei gn Affairs , through the Ministerial eyeglass , ire were doomed to disappointment , & e Secretary for Foreign being apparently ttore conversant with Home Affairs , by his Watiou of the Exhibition scheme , and the free Trade measure .
Little hope , however , can he entertained hy & e careful politician , whose aspirations are fo r the well-being of the toiling millions in ah" lands , when he looks at the atrocities p erpetrated in Naples , and Lombard ? , the "t ings atErantfort , and Hamburgh , and the subversion of the Constitution in Austria But our foreign Secretary hopes . The "war against the democratic press in f ranee has been carried to its utmost limitsm * gagged * or freeonly to the foes of freedom . * he « Reforme , ' the * Feuple , ' the * Siecle , '
^ e ' Republique , ' the ' Charivari , * the ' Opi-^ onPnbliqne , * and the 'Evenement'have been r esecuted , and their Editors subjected to ^ es and imprisonment ; among the victims are ** o sons of Yicxon Hugo . Four of the ^ itors of this latter journal , an organ of ^ oderate republicanism , are now in prison . . Hscqaently the Avenement' ( du ' Peuple' ) j * successor , has been seized , for publishing a ^ ter from the illustrious poet , announcingthat j ? shooJdadvocatein itscolumns thesentunenis ^' wb ic ^ iua twoBonshaveaada incarcerated .
Republican Despotism. *Set A Beggar On H...
The ' Presse , 'the 'Siecle , ' and other newspapers , have shared a jsimilar . fato ,, for repmV lishing the ojpwtiop ; letter ; and several seizures of newspapieri have been made in the provinces ' . It must be borne in mind , that this war is only waged against the Democratic Press . ^ The Legitimist , Buonapartist , and Catholic organs , are' allowed most perfect freedom ; . however severe their unceasing attacks upon , " the present Government , Mo . narchical and . Absolutist sentiments are libe-Iftllytolerated .
The Paris . ^ correspondent of the ' Times . ' , . expresses some surprise at the readiness , of Juries , to . convlct ,.. and labours to prove that the prosecutions are the acts of the People , ar id not of the Government . ¦ ' Bnt journalism in France is very ; different , froni what it is in Englandl 7 We are informed that if every article wa 8 . revised : oefore publication , it would be impossible to avoid the > captious investigation : of ' Louis Napoleon's Star Chamber ; and it is almost an impossibility to protect , the accused , " against the invariable sentence of . condemnation of a Seine Jury . In England , pending a trial , it . is tmlawful to write anything calculated to intimidate or influence the Judges . On the contrary in France , before
judgment is pronounced the . Press is free to make comments ,, hut judgment once given all criticism is illegal . It may be proved that a jury is mistaken / a-judge bribed , or a witness perjured , nevertheless the verdict is reputed infallible , ( and any hint that an innocent man has been convicted , is severely punishable . This ac-1 counts , in a great measure , for the silence of the Press when a verdict has been given against one of their fraternity . But the aim of the Government in pursuing such a mistaken policy is not obvious ; for no class of the public can accept such an unreasonable prosecution as a service rendered to society : the result is , to exasperate those men whose councils have been hitherto calm and pacific .
The direct responsibility of the prosecutions rests with the Government , the first step of seizure and accusation being taken by the Procurer of the Bepnblic ^ -an officer removeable , at will— -who must , therefore , be " . the willing ' tool of the Ministry ; hence the prosecution of the-Press is wholly traceable to the authorities ; and is not in the least to be attri--bated to public opinion , by which , indeed , such rigour is loudly condemned . The charge of exciting to civil war has-been brought against the ' Avenement , ' . the establishment of that head of accusation enables the ' court to
pronounce at orice the suspension of the paper . Such acts exhibit a systematic merciless intolerance of the free expression of public opinion in a country where such an intolerance has never been and never can be successfully maintained / Sucha course must be regarded as a proof of blind presumption , which will lead rapidly to the fall of the enemies ofthe Republic . The ' Presse' has been persecuted for the single word ' gloriously . ' ^ It said that 'the flag of the Young JRepubhV had been gloriously pierced by the balls of two condemnations . For this expression it was deemed by the ingenious lawyer , whose duty it is to for
to pick some hole in opposition articles , bringing an indictment on the charge of apologising for an 'act'Qualified as an offence by a penal law . No less despotic is thespnl debasing spysystem . M . Caylus , the principal Editor of the ' National , ' now in the department of the Dordogne , declares that he has often thrown aside as exaggerated complaints , from , correspondents , which he now knows to have fallen short of the truth . " He describes society as poisoned by informers , ' to whom every functionary , from the prefect to the private gendarme , is ever eager to lend an ear . The
slightest word or misunderstood sign suffices to throw a man into prison ; leitlers are broken open , andportentions accusations of conspiracy are built up out of some few ambiguous rhrasef . . Even the priest sometimes opens the gaol doors for Ms flock . Some coal merchant * were lately drinking together in a wine shop to bind a bargain just concluded , and over their vrihe they sang a wellknown song , the burden of which is awe ahnes ! The parish priest passing by , thought he heard" the words Aux armesl eourons aux ' / onetiOHoires . ' The timerons priest denounced them as conspirators against functionaries ; and they were actually tried upon the
conveniently vague and now most common accusation , of exciting hatred in citizens towards each other . ' Fortunately , in the country accusation and conviction are not , as in Paris , synonymous terms , and they were acquitted . At the same assizes a man was tried and acquitted upon a charge of persuading electors to abstain from voting at the election which , owing to the abstentation of the whole republican party , sent M . Magne to the Assembly . Several mayors have been suspended because the electors of their communes refused to vote . The National Guard of-Mussidan has been dissolved , without any other plausible
mofire than the abstention of its members .. from voting . A coffee-house keeper was threatened' with an order to shut up his house for hating some portraits of refugee representatives hang upon his walls . At the same- time the police made a domiciliary . visit to his brother-in-law , a cutler by trade , and were with difficulty , prevented frem seizing , as unlawful arms , a parcel of knives which had been ordered for the colonies . H . Caylus represents the inhabitants ofthe dhctriets that he has visited as determined to hear all patiently till 1852 , which period they confidently believe will inaugurate anew system .
Since the above was written , we learn that the latest act of "the Cossack' Government has been the conviction and sentence to six months' imprisonment of the Editors of the Presse' and . ' Avenement . So much for the hope of tranquillity in 1852 . Order reigns ! Tbe gagged people cease to murmur—the fettered press to move with healthy action—all is calm , but the silence is eloquent andominus . Might is right , and the simple question now Is—The Government op THE PJS 0 P 1 E , OK DESPOTISM ?
Monies Received Fob.Thb Week Endiso Thur...
MONIES RECEIVED Fob . thb Week Endiso Thursday , September 25 iu , 1851 . NATIONAL CHARTER FUND . Received bj John Aenott . —Marylebone locality , per J . Godwin 4 s—Hastings , per E . Mosb 10 s—Biddy Moloney la —Yarmouth , per T . Fishery 7 s 4 d—Islington locality , per a . Haggis 3 s 3 d . —Total £ 15 s 7 d . FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POLISH REFUGEES . Received by W " . Ridebl—J . Johnson , Little Chilton Is . TRACT FUND . Received by Johu Aworr . —Mr . G . V 7 . It Reynolds £ lls .
Thb Lais Ooibagb Is Ihe Forest Of Dban.—...
Thb Lais Ooibagb is ihe Forest of Dban . — The public will remember the abominable outrage committed in July last upon Mary M'Car thy , a poor Irish woman , in the forest of Dean , and for which five of the miscreants were convicted and sentenced to transportation at the last assizes . The poor woman was travelling through the forest in a very weak state when she was decoyed into an outhouse by a gang of nine miners , by whom she was abused one after another in the most shocking manner . In addition to the five men already convicted we have now to state the police of the Coleford district have succeeded in apprehending three other men , named Henry Shapcott , John Lea , and Hiram Archer , on suspicion of having been
concerned in the outrage . It appears that Superintendent Griffin , ofthe Coleford station , having last week , reserved information , from a sister of one of the men convicted at the assizes , others of the gang were in hiding at Moseley-green , he immediately dispatched half . a dozen constables to that place , and they succeeded in arresting Shapcott and Lea as they came out of a coal pit , and they were at once taken to the workhouse at "VYestbury , to be confronted with the injured woman . On Thnsday they were had op before Sir M . H . C . Boevey , Bart ,, and E . 0 . Jones , Esg ^ atKewnham , when Shapcott was fully identified as being one of the parties who committed the rape , and fully committed for trial ; but Lea was discharged , the woman not being able to identify him . The man , Hiram Archer , who was apprehended by another
constable , was also confronted with the woman , and fully identified , and he also was committed to the assizes This makes seven out of the nine men , and as ' there is a reward of £ 50 outagainafc them , there is little donbt but the others will soon be n custody . -At the assizes it may be remembered that three ofthe prisoners were sentenced to transportation for life , and the other two who appeared to show some little mercy towards their victim , to transportation for twenty years . Of the two prisoners now committed , the woman swears that SStt was not only guilty whh the others in commut ing the rape upon her , but that he also kicked her in a most brutal manner , on tho thigh causing her most severe injuries . IjvLIpooi , -Wednesday .- The United States MaU steam ship Pacific , Captain Xye , sailed to-day Mew lori , with the usual mails .
Thb Lais Ooibagb Is Ihe Forest Of Dban.—...
WINDING UP OF THE . NATIONAL LAND COMPANY *
APPOINTMENT OF THE OFFICIAL MANAGER . Tuesday last being the day appointed hy Master Humphrey for the adjourned hearing of petitions from applicants : for the appointment of Official Manager of the estates of the . above Company , counsel was heard on behalf of Mr . Alfred Ainger . ' It will be recollected that the last hearing took place on the 9 th inst ., when counsel were
heard oh behalf of the several applicants . The petition , of Mr . Ainger , however , wasordered to stand over ^ oa account of many of the signatures being in the same hand writing ; and in order thairevidence might bejproduced in verification of the names , subscribed to the proposals . I [ ' .. ' . .:. . . . ¦ ,.......-..... ¦ ¦ • ¦ The following counsel appeared on behalf of their ' respective clients : —Messrs . Sweet , Roxburgh , James , Chichester , De Gexj Hill , Rogers , and Read , The case was heard , in the Vice Chancellor Turner ' s Court .
Mr : Swbei , on behalf , of Mr . Ainger ,. inquired whether it would hot' be more convenient to enter first i'ipto the question of , the verification of the signatures , and to proceed with the , qualifications of Mr . Ainger afterwards . . • • - Mr . Jambs said , he should like to know how Mr , Sweet would explain the fact , ' that whilst there were 7 , 520 shares represented by . 2 , 100 signatures , only 1 , 395 were found to be genuine . The lists had since been carefully examined , several names were certified , and this was the result .. - Mr . Swbbt said the matter was so easilyexplained , that , there , could be very little doubt upon his Honour ' s mind of the genuineness ofthe signatures attached to his client ' s petition . His Gosova begged to remind , Mr , Sweet , that WQaCeverdOUbttbereniightbe . howeversmaU . should be reduced to a certainty before he could proceed toacfc
. Mr . KoxBOKGHbeggedtocallthettentionofthe Master to a printed circular which bad been circulated at the instance of Mr . W . P . Roberts , the solicitor to the National Land Company . When he handed . that document to the . ' Master , it would be seen how signatures . were ' obtained . , It was ad dressed to the several shareholderei and went , , into particulars' which should have been passed over , and finally ended with calling on the . shareholders who could not write to make a cross ' thus (^ ) before their names . The mark of John Soakea ( H )• _ Mr . jambs begged to call the attention : of his honour to another important fact , that a proposal had been sent in from Leicester with 320 names attached , and these names were represented by five persons . This was since the last meeting . . . ., Mr . Chihnbrt , solicitor for Mr . Ainger and agent to Mr . Roberts , said , that Leicester was au exception . He bad examined the lists as closely as time allowed him : . ' ' -
Mr . James said , he found exactly the same with reapect to Leeds . . ' : . "' . ' , ¦' . The Mabteb thought , that after what bad taken place upon the former occasion ' , and the arrangement that had been come to , the course pursued was very improper . ,.. ? . ¦ . Mr . Swkkt said , the matter was easily explained . He had tbe statements by him contained in tbe affidavits , and they would prove that his client was actuated by no intention to deceive the court . Mr . Roxbobqh again called the attention of his honour to thecircuiar addressed to the shareholders .
When coupled with this fact , his honour would recollect that this Mr . Roberts was solicitor to Mr . O'Connor , and that . Mr . O'Connor was the Land Company ; he would see how thia proceeding was got up on behalf of Mr . Ainger . Mr . Swbbt objected to Mr . Roxburgh taking the course he was then pursuing . He would ask the Master whether he would allow him ( Mr . Sweet ) if he went into the whole case to reply to observations previously made by him ; besides , Mr . Roberts had made an affidavit in which he distinctly denies ever having been solicitor to ,. Mr . O'Connor .
Mr . James . —In which he rather confirms the fact . Perhaps Mr . Sweet would read the affidavit . Mr . Roxburgh begged to read the evidence before the' House of Commons , in which it was stated that Mr . Roberts was not only solicitor to the Land ^ Company , but treasurer also . It was Mr . Roberts who had the deed of settlement executed , and drew up the petition for winding-up the Company . The Master asked Mr . Sweet whether he had any observation to make respecting the manner ia which the order then under consideration hild been obtained . He thought a most material question would arise out of this point . Mr . Swbbt said he would proceed to read the
affidavits . . The first affidavit he should read was that of Mr : Chinnery , That gentleman was agent for Mr . Roberts . His evidence was to the effect that the signatures to the several proposals were sent through tbe post-office . " Was never at any time solicitor to Mr . O'Connor . Verily believed that Mr . Marshall Turner , of Lincoln ' s Inn , had acted in the capacity of private solicitor to Mr . O'Connor . Believed Mr . O ' Connor did not know the said Alfred Ainger , and that the said act ( the Winding-up ofthe Company ) was for the benefit of those who held shares , and not for the benefit of any party whatever . " As to the signatures themselves it should first be recollected that there was no regulation under the " Winding-up Act , " or the special act under which these proceedings were
instituted , as to the mode in which signatures were to he affixed . It was necessary also to bear in mind that most of the persons sending in proposals were very illiterate , many of them unable to write their names . Under such circumstances there was no other means of communicating with them than by obtaining their verbal authority . It was not , therefore , unnatural that many names should be signed by one person . Nor was there anything peculiar , for he observed the same in several ofthe other proposals . In Mr . Price ' s , for example , he observed the instances were very numerous . In those of Mr . Goodchap , he observed a few . Mr . James said that in the proposals for his client only ninety were found among the number which were written by the same hand , out of
2 , 400 . Mr . Roxburgh , on behalf of Mr . Goodchap , requested that Mr . Sweet would point out any names in the proposals for his client that wero written in the same handwriting , Mr . Sweei continued . —He did not intend to impute impropriety to Mr . Price or Mr . Goodchap ; he was only anxious to exculpate his client . These signatures were obtained by consent . Tbe Master . —I suppose , Mr . Sweet , you have some circumstantial affidavits , which may explain tbe discrepancy ? Mr . Swbbt . — Certainly , Sir . It would be necessary , however , first to refer to tbe affidavit of Mr . Roberts . In that affidavit it would be found that
whilst Mr . Roberts admitted he had been solicitor to the Company he denied being the solicitor of Mr . O'Connor . It would be found that when the interests ofthe Company and Mr . O ' Connor should clash , Mr . Roberts should actively oppose Mr . O'Connor . Mr . Jambs begged to submit to his honour some evidence taken in the first report of the National Land Company . Some questions were asked of Mr . Roberts regarding the purchase of land , to which the following answers were given : — "All lands were bought in the name of Mr . O'Connor . Believed they wero purchased for the Company , Had acted for Mr . O'Connor . Had purchased land at Herringsgate , and other places , in the name of Mr . O'Connor . " Mr . Swbet proceeded . Mr . Roberts was never the private solicitor of Mr . O'Connor .
The Master . —What do you mean , Mr . Sweet , tbat I should understand by the term *« private solicitor ?" Mr . Sweet , — That he never acted for Mr . O'Connor in any matter , but in so much as Mr . O'Connor was connected with the Company . The Master . —But Mr . O'Connor was a most important person ; and in all matters of personal interest connected with the Company Mr . Roberts acted for Mi' . O'Connor , Mr . Sweet . —But that was acting for Mr . O'Connor simply as a shareholder . It was further
stated in tbe affidavit , that Mr . O Connor was not aware of the present proceedings . Did not know that Mr . O'Connor was in England , but had seen a letter which had been received by post , marked " leghorn . " Mr . Roberts was the solicitor appointed by the whole body of the shareholders . He was retained in the usual manner to get the deed of settlement executed , and the Company duly registered . The affidavit states that deponent believed that the private solicitors to Mr . O'Connor were the firm of Yates and Turner , of George's-street .
The Master . — After the statements of the affidavits how came Mr . O'Connor to be so conspicuous a person in having the bill introduced into parliament ? Mr . Swbbt . —Ho was driven to it—he ( Mr , Sweet ) believed by Sir Benjamin Hall . He had claims upon the society to a considerable amount . Besides , there were a vast number of advocates for the passing of the bill . The date of the affidavit he referred to was the 16 th September . There was another affidavit , of the 19 th September , complaining of unfair means used by a person named Thomas Martin Wheeler , to prejudice Mr . Ainger , and of Mr . Price , one of the candidates . It was hardly worth while to read the letters attached to the affidavit . There was another affidavit of Mr .
Thb Lais Ooibagb Is Ihe Forest Of Dban.—...
iwS ^ V ^ Hf ^ 8 e # H & $ which referred % ESS " » ^ le "ers . . It would be found that ^ tttfflc propo ? W > " - *> f „ SvnSr ! - ul < 1 Mr - s * eet allow th ° ° ™ to rest upon that circumstance ? Mr . Swbbt said , he would allow the issue to rest upon all the circumstances of tbe case . Mr . Chisnbbt . said , he had only received theproposals that morning . He had had the names carefully added , and they were then to be seen before his counsel marked off in red ink . The Mastbr . -Do those proposed purpose to be verified by a particular form of verifioition ? . Mr . Cbinnbbt handed in several lists to the Mag . ter , Which purported to be certificated Sw
. , ^ f « * P continued . —There were several affi davits which related to the manner in which ' the signatures had been obtained . The first were the affidavits of a person named Entwistle and S » rah , hi 8 wife . Thatporson was Secretary to the Chtheroe Branch ofthe National Land Company . These ^ affidavits stated that , deponents had procured several ; names , and written them , on the proposals with the authority of their ownera ; Most of the names were written in the presence' of Entwistle s wife , with the exception of fifteen . Thes « i were procured by James Atkin . The number of shares in that district was about 300 . There were other , affidavits from ^ -Wilkinson , Chorley Branch , 'by whom twobr three names were written j John Whittle , Lander ; William Liddell ' Of ' the
, 0 Connor Brigade Branch James Brown , Preston Branch ; James Waterhouse , ' W . Parkinson , Alex . Henderson , Secretary to the Hyde Branch , Cheshire ; J 3 win Hesketh Oswald whistle , Lancashire ; W . Grocott , Thomas Segga . 8 , W . BathO , of M & TVcheater ; m which , similar statements were made . ' From these Affidavits it was sufficiently apparent how signatures had been obtained . There , was no other means by which the wishes of the shareholders could be made known ' to the court . Most of those men were unable to write , and meetings had to be held , in which one man- who could write would sign the name of another upon his authority . It WaS in this way the irregularity had occurred . The master . —So far those statements remove the presumption of unfairnes . •'
Mr . ^ Jambs said , that a question having been raised as to the identity of the names in the new proposals , these proposals had been examined by Mr . Westwood , and , in the very first page , he found noless' tnan'twenty-five names which appeared in the bid proposals . , ' Mr . Chimmebt said , the proposal , having only come in that ' iftorriing , he had but" aBn ' orfctinie to erase any repetitions . He had , however , done so as far as time permitted . ¦¦ .- ' Mr . Roxburgh read an cxtractfromthedth section ofthe act to the effect , that the parties having undoubted interests in connexion with the Company , allottees , for instance , AS In Ibis case , should take their share in' the loss to the assets of the Company , and pay such rent as the Master should think fit , with a provision that the assets " of the Company were to be divided among all the shareholders . The . allottees were' h have " an' interest in the General Fund of the Company . But there were allottees who never paid up thVclaioas of the
Company . Mr . Sweet said , that he would proceed to the qualifications of Mr . Ainger . It was tbe duty ofthe Official Manager to arrange the affairs of the Company with such economy as would produce as much profit as possible for the benefit of the shareholders . Mr . Ainger was represented by the solicitor to the shareholders of the Company . In managing a Company where , from the nature of the shares , the dividends must be so small , and all the details so complicated , something more than a mere accountant was necessary . The circumstances were new , and the difficulty of getting information from the parties concerned was particularly great . It was the duty of an Official Manager , in a case like this .. to be able to value and dispose
of the estates to the best advantage . It was therefore necessary to have some person of a high order of education . The shareholders wanted a person competent to manage landed estates . Mr . Ainger had been constantly employed in matters of that kind . He was an architect of eminence , and therefore intimately acquainted with land and house property . There was no other candidate so qualified . If Mr . Ainger were contrasted with any of the other parties , it would be seen that he undoubtedly stood highest ; The other candidates for the situation had not that knowledge of property of that description which Mr . Ainger possessed , Mr . Grey's claim was simply that bo was an accountant . Mr . Qoilter ' s claim was of a similar character : and the same might be said of Mr . Goodchap .
Mr . Ernest was put forward by tho allottees , who had adverse interests to tho shareholders . Mr . Price was the personal friend of Mr . O'Connor . Mr . O'Connor ' s connexion with , tho society should be investigated with tho greatest scrutiny . Mr , Price ha . d been the Manager of tho National Bar > k ; at a salary of £ 500 per annum . In support of this statement he would cite the 3 rj Report of Company Question ,. 2136 , wherein it was said that the Bank was carried on for the benefit of tho Company . This rendered Mr . Price an accountable person , and therefore disqualified to be Official Manager . The Master . — Do yovi mean , Mr . Sweet , that there would be claims and cross claims in which Mr . Price , as Manager of the Bank for SO long a time , must necessarily be interested ?
Mr . Sweet . —I do , Sir . Mr . Ainger had been before employed in a similar capacity . There was an affidavit dated September 7 th , signed by several responsible persons connected with the Norwich Yarn Company , which had become insolvent , and of which Mr . Ainger had been appointed official manager . That gentleman advised that the Company should be carried on for the benefit of the shareholders , and at tho end of five months there was no less a sum than £ 5 , 000 surplus to be divided amongst the shareholders . The Master . —Does he hold out any such hope wito reference to the National Land Company . Mr . James said that it was necessary , on behalf
of his client , to say that Mr . Price knew nothing of Mr . O ' Connor , more than that that gentleman came to him in the city and engaged him to manage the bank . With reference to the £ 6 , 000 , which were alleged to be due by the Company tothe bank , Mr . Price found that item entered on the books when he entered upon the management ; and when he left . He was appointed manager of the bank September 27 th , 1847 , and continued in that capacity till its final breaking up . Mr . Ainger was disqualified as the nominee of Mr . Roberta , who was solicitor to tbe Company , who got the deed of settlement executed , which was signed by mora than
25 , 000 persons , and the cost of which amounted to £ 2 , 500 . The fact was . Mr . Roberts bad got this order , according to his own affidavit , without the authority of Mr . O'Connor . Mr . Roberts was Company and Bank , and Mr . Ainger was his nominee . He denied that his client had any connexion with the Company . The recommendations of Mr . Price were signed by 2 , 403 shareholders , representing 7 , 956 shares . Mr . Sweet contended that Mr . James , having submitted tho claiming of his client upon a former occasion , had no right to make a second speech . The Master said that Mr . James had not as yet travelled beyond due bounds .
Mr . James said he had tho affidavits of Mr . Westwood , in which he swore that the person named Thomas Martin Wheeler never tools any unfair means to prejudice Mr . Ainger . Neither had the said Thomas Price circulated any documents to the prejudice ofthe said Alfred Ainger . It was well known that Mr . Prouting Roberts was the intimate friend of Mr . Feargus O'Connor . There was another affidavit , signed L . Dean , J . Dean , and Elias Peace , and tbe Thomas Sagar . already mentioned , which declared that in canvassing for the said Alfred Ainger , " a vast quantity Of ale and spirituaus liquors had been consumed , '' which deponents considered to amount to " bribery and corruption , " and contrary to the usages of the High Court , of Chancery .
The Master said , that he had made up his ; mind to make no appointment of Official Manaeer until he was satisfied as to the mode in which the order had been obtained . It would be quite competent for Mr . O'Connor to return and apply to the court for the rescinding the order . He might appoint an interim manager , but it was first necessary that a full explanatory report should be furnished , for whomsoever he might appoint would be merely his ( the master's ) delegate . Mr . Chinnbuy complained that a considerable deal of mystery had been thrown over the whole case by the other side . The Master said , that whatever- mystery had
been thrown over the case , had been thrown over it by his ( Mr . Chinnery ' s ) affidavits . Ho would not take those affidavits alone , nor would he make any order until he had a full , clear , explanatory affidavit from Mr . Roberts . He would consult the convenience of the gentleman at the bar . Mr . Rogers said , that it was necessary , if possible , to expedite the ov < uer , as the interest of very many poor persons were involved . ?&_ The Master said the poor creatures must not be deluded into the notion that these matters could be finished in a day . Mr . Rogers proposed that Mr . Chinnery might be sworn as the act allowed .
Mr . CmsNEnv said that wero he sworn , he could clear up all the mysticism . The MAsisn said he could not take Mr . Chinnery ' s afEdavifc . Ho did not mean any disrespect to Mr . Chinnery , but ho thought itlnecessary to have the affidavit of Mr . Roberts . t It was proposed that the meeting should be adjourned to Friday . In consideration , however , of Mr . Roberts being travelling about the country , and the means of communicating with him uncertain , it was agreed that the case should be resumed on Tuesday next , at eleven O ' clock . The proceedings were then adjourned at three o ' clock , until Tuesday , the 30 th inst .
Thb Lais Ooibagb Is Ihe Forest Of Dban.—...
( We would have given a more detailed report but bur reporter having applied to Mr . Chin ' nery , in court , for permission to look at several documents which were alluded to , and respecting which considerable discussion took place , that gentleman declined to afford him any opportunity . ]
National Association Of - United Trades....
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF - UNITED TRADES . T . s . Dcvcombb , Esq ., M . P ., President , Established 18 iS . , " FIAT JUSTITIA . " "Ifitwer « possible for the working classes , by combining among themselves , to raise , or keep up the general rate of wages , it need hardly be said that this would be a thing not to be punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced "'• " fiTDABTillU . It is quite evident that Mr . Perry is ill at ease under his late triumph at Stafford . We think this ia sufficiently , manifest , by the efforts he has made , and is still making , to follow his victory by such means as such a man would be likely to resort to . The public press—a portion of whose columns are ever ready and open to those who would vilify and misrepresent the conduct and motives of working men—is the first and moat natural appliance which would present itself to such a mind ; and we accordingly find the " Daily Nuwa" and the « ' Times "
—not to mention the small herd of the lesser provincial . satellites-have each . Of them been made the vehicles of much eloquent abuse and virulent misrepresentations , each after its own peculiar fashion . The " Times" assails us with all the fury and impetuosity of a hired bravo . It flourishes its sharp anq powerful pen with all the energy which a Blanshard or aBradly used their swords , whom , in our . day , ; we remember as the choice melodramatic heroes ofthe classic , regions of Victoria . To defend ourselves against such powertul adepts in the art of attacR were vain . No parly no quarter , is ever allowed by the ' Times" to its victims if they be of the plebian order . As Delanda est Catihago was the war cry of the Ancients , so down
with the workwomen's combinations appears the favourite war whoop of our modern crusaders . Before the trial the best energies of the " Times " weYedivecteuWaBcwe our conviction , and since , to bespeak for us a vindictive punishment . We have heard of " breaking a fly" on the wheel , as an illustration of cruelly misapplied power . The " Times" sometimes , delights to recreate in a similarly amiable manner . The " Daily News , " with less powery . but equal malignity , vies with its Iotent contemporary in its denunpiatioua Of th 8 lOndon delegates , " and in well feigned commiseration for their unfortunate dupes . If the " Times " delights in its well-earned soubriquet of the literary bully , tho " Daily News" seems ambitious
of securing to itself that of a literary assassin . The " Daily News , " innot only opening itscolumns to the exparte and libellous statements of Mr . E . Perry , but itself manufacturing the most absurd misrepresentations , with the manifest intention of holding us up to public odium , and then refusing us an opportunity of rebutting their slanders through the same channel , fully justifies us in using this , or even a stronger figure . We commented , in a recent article , upon & leader which appeared in the " Daily Newe , " which professed to have been written in consequence of certain information , and a certain letter , signed W . Peel , which they . had received . We care not a rush for the " Daily News " or its opinions upon any public question between labour
and capital . We should as noon expect to find hottey in a gall-bag as fair play in the columns of this organ of the Manchester School . Wo know its antecedents , its present principles , and its future aapiringS : and we know it to be the toady and slave of a party who is and ever has been the deadliest foe to the rights of industry . But when we are personally assailed—when a lie is manufactured for . the .. purpose of hanging thereon an article in which the National Association is foully misrepresented—we contend we have a right to a reply through the same channel which gives currency to the slander . But Audi alteram partim is not a maxim of the Free Trade School . The editor of the " Northern Star " has , however , promised us that justice which the " Daily News" denies .
The Perry clique are still not satisfied with their powerful and unscrupulous literary auxiliaries . Beneath the lowest depths of infamy there is a lower depth still ; and the faction seem resolved to dive down to its lowermost recesses . Our attention has been called to a vile slander , originally manufactured by the nephew Of Mr . E . Perry , theredoubtable George Wynn , the ex-editor ; and although the solicitor for the prosecutors himself repudiated tbe statement in public company at Stafford , at almost the moment of its birth , still the malignity ofthe faction is so intense that they rush blindly on , regardless of the certain exposure which must ultimately envelope them in irremediable disgrace . .
We have received the following letter from Messrs . Shell and Burn , who are now engaged in the North as missionaries for the London Defence Committee . We have also seen a letter to the same effect from Mr , Dickenson , with this additional fact—that tho said George Wynn boasted that he had been the means and mover of the whole prosecution . This , we believe , to be true . We believe him to be Mr . Perry ' s incarnation of mischief : — " Railway Inn , Deansgate , Manchester , ' Sept . 21 , 1851 .
" Dear Sir , —A circumstance of some importance having come under our notice , relative to the proceedings of Mr . George Wynn , in Staffordshire , we deem it advisable , for the purposes of arming ourselves with dates and facts , to submit a fevr questions to you , lest at any time this gentleman may unexpectedly make bis appearance at any of our public meetings we are about to hold in Lancashire , and there succeed in causing a division of opinion ; which he may attempt , if we are not fully prepared with answers prompt and conclusive .
" Mr . Dickinson has informed us Mr . Wynn , at a place in Staffordshire last week , where he had intended to bold a public meeting , presented himself at the bar of a public . house , and , inquired if there was a public meeting to bo held in that place , in reference to the late trials at Stafford , on a charge of conspiracy of the Tin-plate Workers of Wolverhampton ; and being informed thatowing to circumstances which has arisen the meeting would not take place , he went into the parlour and commenced treating those that were present with as much ale as they were pleased to drink ; and commenced a tirade against the delegates of the National Trades'Association . He would show them , he said , how to interfere with Municipal Elections
again . What think you , said he , of the honesty of these disinterested advocates of the rights Of labour ; to show yoo they care nothing for the working men , I will relate a circumstance that occurred at Stafford . Tou know , said he , at the end of the first day ' s trial an offer was made by us , that if Rowlands , Peel , Green , and Winters , would plead Guilty to the minor counts of the indictment , we would not call them up for judgment , and that further proceedings should be stayed ; but they refused this;—but in the course of the second trial , when they found that the case was aoine ; against
fchem , these delegates sent a note , to Mr . Parry to say that , if the prosecutors would consent to abandon the case , so far as affected them individually , they would abandon tho six poor Tin-plate Workers , and leave them to their mercy ; in proof of this , said he , you know Mr . Fleming , the Editor of the . ' Star , ' and who is also Treasurer to the National Tiades Association : I told him of this fact ; he did not seem disposed to credit it until I took him to Mr . Parry , Mr . Parry had handed over this note to Mr . Huddlestone , and Mr . Parry , on obtaining the note a second time , broke it up and threw it under the table . "
"Now , sir , we of course do not believe a word of tbis , for it carries a lie on tho face of it ; but as Mr . Wynn ia abroad , and it may be possible tbat we may come in contact , we wish you would be kind enough to forward us , by return of post , the dates when Totterdale was apprehended at Liverpool—Haynes convicted and sent to prison , for absenting himself from his work at Wolverhampton—ana such other information ( tho dales accompanying it ) , as it may appear to you this fellow is likely to use ngainst us . We tliink tliis information of the greatest importance ; for if this man dares to attempt to make his appearance at any public meeting vro attend , we hope—by facts and dates alone—to be enabled to give this gentleman such a
reception in public , that for the future he will think twice befone he once dares to appear as tbe opponent of labour , in a public assemblage of honest working men , Wishing you every blessing , " We subscribe ourselves Yours truly , ' " Geobgb Sheii , " To Mr . Peel . " w . H . Born . " Upon receipt Of thia letter We immediately waited , upon Mr , Parry and Mr . Macnamara , our counsel in the case , who , each of . them , expressed tho highest indignation at the atrocious calumny , and we are fully authorised , by both those gentlemen , to give the whole statement the most emphatic
refutation ; In a note we have subsequently received fvOKiMr . Parry , but which we do not at present feel justified in publishing in extenso , that gentleman thus speaks ;—" The whole of this is an atrocious fabrication , and neither from the delegates , nor from any other quarter , to my knowledge , did any such proposition emanate . Off the contrary , my instructions were peremptory , to defend my clients upon the ground that they had done nothing illegal ; and that in whatever they did , they wero asserting a nrincinle which they deemed of vital importance to the ereat body of their fellow workmen , in all trades . Unon these instructing I acted throughout , and I should have considered myself personall y and JK 2 sionally disgraced , if \ had . either made or been a
National Association Of - United Trades....
party to any such suicidal proposition . " What can be said ofthe cause of the party—tho men , who find it necessary to employ such means and such agents as these to accomplish their designs , Oli J with a gaol door open to receive us . wo would not change places with our prosecutors ' we may be punished , but we shall not be disgraced . m » . ^ fj . ost pity those unhappy beings , whose mental development is so deformed as to reconcile themselves to such base expedients . _ Wm . Peki , . Secretary .
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Great Reform Meeting At Manchester. A Me...
GREAT REFORM MEETING AT MANCHESTER . A meeting was held at the Free Trade Hall , Manchester , on Wednesday evening , which was admirably calculated to give an impetus to what , after the indications given by ministers , may be considered a new Reform Bill for tbe coming session of parliament . Some of these seals were taken up at a very early period of the evening , and though the proceed * ings were not advertised to commence until halfpast seven o ' clock , such was the anxiety to obtain a place in the hall , that by seven , platform , galleries , reserved seats , and standing room began to get
crowded . Soon afterwards the rush into the body of the hall was so great , that the barrier intended to keep back the masses from the reserved seats broke down before the pressure , and from that time there was little or no distinction as to persons or places . The multitude rushed into every opening and approach to tbe platform , and the entire building became densely crowded in every part long before the proceedings commenced . The doors had to be closed , and great numbers of people were excluded , who continued to thunder at the doors for admission afterwards for a considerable time .
sir Joshua \ vai , msi . ey having delivered a lengthy speech on the future prospects and duties of the association of which he is the chairman , Mr . J . C . Dyer , moved the first resolution : — ' That the First Minister of the Crown having intimated his intention to introduce a measure of parliamentary reform during tbe next session , the people should lose no time in giving effective expression to their wishes ; this meeting doth therefore declare that any measure which does not re-arrange the electoral districts , extend the franchise to every oc > cupier of a tenement , protect the voter by the ballot , shorten the duration of parliament , and abolish the property qualification required of ruenib 6 r 8 | Will tail to satisfy tbe just expectations of the people , will be ineffectual in preventing the corruption , intimidation , and oppression , now prevailing at elections , and iu securing the full and free representation of the people in the Commons House of Parliament . '
The resolution , having been seconded , was supported by W , J , Tox , Esq ., M . P ., who , in an excellent speech , contrasted the House of Commons with that meeting , and said ' . —There , a member , with a sneer , asks the Secretary of State if he is aware that such a person as Mazzini is in England ? Here , your question is , when shall we have not only Mazzini but Kossuth among us ? ( Loud cheeis . ) They speak respectfully of bis Catholic Majesty ,, the King of the Two Sicilies —( hisses )—and the Emperor of all the Russias —( hisses)—whilst some here would agree with me that it would be no unpleasant sight to see a gibbet with two arms , with the Czar dangling at one end and the Catholic King of the Two
Sicilies at the other . ( Loud cheers . ) If Lord John Russell means to introduce a new Reform Bill that will satisfy the people , it will not need patching and tinkering for the next dozen years . He is but little in the babifc of doing this . We call the House of Commons a house of representatives . Representatives of what , 1 should like to know ? Suppose an intelligent foreigner were brought into the House of Commons , and looking around him there , remarking one man and another , he were to say : " Well , who is that ? " What ; wealthy and distinguished Commoner is that ?" " Oh , sir , " tbe reply would be , " that ia a marquis ; we have six marquises in this house . " Well he would think this rather odd . ( Laughter ) .
Looking at another man , " Who is that 1 " he would ask , " Why , that is a viscount j we have eight viscounts in this house . " " Who is another ?" " Why he is an earl ; wo have several earls . here . " " Who is another ? " " Why , he is a lord ; there are six and thirty lords in this house . " ( Cheers and laughter . ) At the back of these we have slxtyone baronets and twelve hononrables—making 1 S 74 persons connected with the peerage and aristocracy . * ' And this , " he would say in amazement , "is what you call a House of Commons . What , then , is the House of Lords ? This is only a . sort of junior or journeyman House of Lords . What brings them
here in such multitudes , that there seems not the least propriety in the designation which you bestow upon them ? " Nor is there . His suspicions would be very right . He would feel like the young angel in Pranklia ' s fable , who asked an old angel to show him the earth and its curiosities . The angel brought him down just at the time when a tremendous sea fight was purpling the waters with human blood , and tbe young angel said to his guide , " Why , my friend , you have made a mistake : I asked you to show me Earth and you have shown me Hell ! " ( Cheers . ) So might a foreigner say , on coming to see our Commons , and finding that tho chief thing you show him are our Lords . The resolution was carried .
An address from the Parliamentary Reform Association was then read and adopted , after which tho meeting was address by J . Williams , Esq ., M . P ., and G , Thompson , Esq ., M . P . Mr . ABEi Hxiwood moved the second resolution : — " That the cordial union and energetic action of all reformers are now imperatively requisite . That the principles advocated by the National Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association merit the support of the great body of the people of this kingdom ; and this meeting , consisting of reformers
of every shade , pledge themselves to sustain the well-directed efforts of that association ; that the conveners of this meeting are hereby constituted a committee ( with power to add to their numbers ) for the purpose of organising a branch of the National Parliamentary Iieforni Association , tO C 0 » operate with the council in London ; and that the committee bo requested to take immediate steps for that purpose . " Mr . j . SciiorjSFiEij ) , town councillor , seconded the motion .
Mr . Mantle said he bad listened to the proceedings with great pleasure . He had not expected to find so much good stuff in the speakers ; but he wished to know why they had left out of the movement the provision for paying members ! . Sir J . WALMsiiEV . said ttw question had not escaped their attention . He very much admired tho voluntary system , and could only say , for himself and friends , that they should be heartily glad to see the people pay their members , and tho sooner they began tho better . ( Laughter . ) The resolution was carried , and after a vote of thanks to the chairman , which was carried with sreat cheering , the meeting separated .
Parliamentary Reform. On Monday Afternoo...
PARLIAMENTARY REFORM . On Monday afternoon a public meeting of the electors and ^ non-electors of the Tower Hamlets was held in Bishop Bonner ' s Fields , near Victoria-park , to hear Mr . G . Thompson , M . P . for the borough , express his sentiments on tho question of Parliamentary Reform . A platform was erected on a couple of vans , and Mr . Savage having been called to the chair , Mr , Thompson came forward to .-. ddress the meeting , and was loudly cheered . In the course of his address he asserted the right of all men , uatainted by crime , of sane mind , and not dependent upon the government purse , to vote in the election of members of parliament . Although he had supported the Reform measure brought forward by Mr , Hume , he had protested against it as not rendering full justice to the . rights of the
people . He was himself iu favour of the People's Charter , but would not refuse a great measure of reform likely to be soon obtained because , he could not secure a more extensive reform , the . accomplishment of which seemed far distant . * Lord John Russell bad , in so many words , given up the property qualification ; the Chancellor of the Exchequer had no objection to household voting ; while the whole cabinet had sat silent on the qUCBtion of tho ballot , with , the exception of the Solicitor-General , who voted for it , so that there wero three points at least indicative of the new bill . The real question ,- however , was , not what Lord John Russell would give , but what tho people would have A resolution was . adopted pledging the meeting to use their best exertions to secure Mr . Thoranaon ' s re-election , and the proceedings terminated
^ The Fatal Scaffold Accident At Pirnr™ ...
^ The Fatal Scaffold Accident at Pirnr ™ ^ - On Friday afternoon Mr . Bedford held an JSnel ot George Tulk , aged twenty . sixi who diod in nnn sequence of in uries receive * from a portion of a building fallmg on . him . The jury returSed he following verdict :-- That deceaSGeorge Tulk , aiea trom mpnea received by the falling of . 1 cornice , ^ nd . portion , of a wall ; but how that fill ; lnS waa occasioned , there is no evidence to show . AN Exampik for Game Preservers . — Lord Leigh has very kindly given tho game upon his manor ot Little Leigh , in Cheshire , for the benefit ofthe SChOOl and Other . local and charitable objects w ^ hm the township . All tho freeholders « nd . . Sf Of land having joined in promoting his lordslnps ™ ws , it is hoped that the result will be very benefioial .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 27, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_27091851/page/5/
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