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48 THE STAR OF FREEDOM. August 28 ,185 2...
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REMEDY FOB THE POTATOE DISEASE. The writ...
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Mont Blanc.—(Extract from a letter dated...
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$T The following appeared in our Town Ed...
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jtWfots.
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CORN, &c. Makk Lane, Monday, August 23.—...
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BANKRUPTS. (From Tuesdays Gazette). THOM...
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Printed by JOHN BEZER, at the Printing-office, 16, Great Vv inJ 1 "'
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street, Haymaket , in the City of Westmi...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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48 The Star Of Freedom. August 28 ,185 2...
48 THE STAR OF FREEDOM . August 28 , 185 2 .
Remedy Fob The Potatoe Disease. The Writ...
REMEDY FOB THE POTATOE DISEASE . The writer of the following letter is the proprietor of an estate in the county of Wicklow , and a practical agriculturist . " It is now ahout seven years since the potatoe blight commenced its ravages in this country . Many causes have been assigned , and many cures proposed for it ; but how contradictory and unsatisfactory have been the results ? The most esteemed theory now is atmospheric influences , from the blight coming on in damp , sultry weather , such as we often have at this season of the year , affecting the more succulent plants at a certain stage of their growth ; and yet the advocates of this
theory are often puzzled on finding one drill or ridge in a field diseased , and one adjoining not—one variety bad , another good ; the one good with A , though bad with B , and vice versa . The first symptoms of the disease are always small black spots on the leaves , as if some poisonous drops had fallen on them , resembling ^ those on the leaf of the sycamore tree , caused by an asphas , quite different from the black marks caused by wind or frost . The first soon increase- ^ the stalks become blackened , the smell offensive , and lastly , though often sooner , the tubers show symptoms of decay ^ . Cure , then , is out of the question ;
the best-thing to do is to make use of them . Now , the spots on the potatoe are caused by insects . They come about the middle of July , I think at night . It has been remarked , that the disease in many places has appeared on or about the same day each year ; how many birds and insects do so ? They are at first mostly in couples , and are to be found on the under part of the leaf , on the before-mentioned black spots , but are most difficult to find , for , on touching the leaf , they spring off so quickly , and with such force , that , almost invisible to the naked eye , an acute ear-may hear the sound of their jump . In a few days
they increase in size , and deposit their eggs , which are white , and very pointed at the ends ; after which the female , from a bright yellow , becomes almost white , and dies . I have found many of the mere skins of them quite perfect in shape . The eyes are near the top of the head , and are very dark-coloured . The young are soon found in great numbers creeping over the whole plant , particularly on the stalk ; these are much less inclined to jump than the first . Some days when even touched they would not do so . I tried many plans to destroy them—fumigating with sulphur , tobacco , & c , & c . —
but with little effect ; in fact , a cure would be but of little use unless it could be easily put in practice . However , I soon found from their being so easily disturbed , and that even avery slight touch killed them , that by adopting the following simple plan , the difficulty was overcome : I put a drill farrow to work , having fastened to each end of the swingle-bar a few light branches of spruce fir , then brushing over two drills at a time , men followed spreading fresh slacked lime , 2 £ barrels per acre ; which , as the plants lay nearly flat from the brushing , the lime came in contact with the under part of the leaf where
they were . Thousands in this way , wi ^ h their eggs , were destroyed or brushed between the drills , there to be roughly used by the harrow . If at the end of two or three days any are still to be found , the brushing should be repeated , but only when the plants are dry . The branches should not be so heavy as to break the stalks , but sufficiently heavy to bend them downwards . They will soun recover their former position . I have thought it right to address the government on this subject , and to request that scientific men might be directed to examine
these insects , some of which I have preserved ; and I am happy to say that his Excellency the Earl of Eglinton has taken up the matter most promptly ; but as some delay must necessarily occur , I think it right to put . the public at once in the possession of my plan , so that farmers may immediately set to work to sweep away these vermin , as every day adds to the number of the enemy , and thus to . the difficulty of destroying them , some of which I have even found on the specimen of the solanum E . tuberosum , in the College Botanical Gardens .
Mont Blanc.—(Extract From A Letter Dated...
Mont Blanc . —( Extract from a letter dated Chamouni , August 19 . )— "An unsuccessful attempt to ascend Mont Blanc was made yesterday by a party of five travellers . The weather has been generally very unfavourable , but Monday and Tuesday were so fine , that the gentlemen prepared for the ascent . The guides prognosticated a change . The party , however , would not attend to their advice , but insisted on starting about ten o ' clock yesterday morning . About three o'clock in the
afternoon it came on to rain . They crossed the Glacier des Bossous in safety , and reached' the Grand Mulcts about half-past five . Here they passed a miserable night , and returned this morning in rather a crest-fallen procession , reaching the village about noon . Chamouni is crowded with visitors , and the greatest difficulty is experienced in getting anything like a bed . The weather has been , at the same time , anything but pleasant . The road between the village and Sallenches has become very dangerous from the storms . Several of the bridges have been carried away by the torrents ; regular carriage communication has been repeatedly stopped ; and the nerves of the lady tourists have been put to some very serious trials . A char-a-banc was
overturned last week near Les Ouches , in consequence of the road having been cut up by a torrent , and one young lady was much hurt . But the people still continue to pour in , and-the Sardinian government has reorganised all the guides under the old regulations broken in 1848 . " Poison of the Toad and Salamander . —Some very curious experiments have lately beeii performed by MM . Gratiolet and S . Cloez , to demonstrate the extreme virulence of the poison of the common toad , and that species of lizard to which the apellation " Salamander" has been given . Traditional repute has
long attributed poisonous agencies to the toad , but no wellmarked case of injury having arisen from contact with the animal , modern opinion became opposed to the tradition . The point , however , has been set at rest by MM . Gratiolet and S . Cloez , who have not only succeeded in killing small animals and birds by the pustular contents of the skin of toads and salamanders , but have obtained the active principle of the poison of the toad , and demonstrated it to be alkaline in its nature . One of the first experiments of MM . Gratiolet and S . Cloez on this subject was as follows : —A little African Tortoise was inoculated with toad poison on the right hind foot , and no evil
consequences appeared at first to supervene . At the expiration , however , of some days weakness of the inoculated limb was perceptible ; symtoms of paralysis followed , and did not altogether disappear at the expiration of eight months—thus showing the possibility of local poisoning . With the view of de--tennining whether the poison maintained its efficacy for a longperiod , the experimentalists procured by dissection about 29 grains of the poison on the 25 th of April , 1851 , and having placed it aside they inoculated with a small quantity of it , on the 16 th of March , 1852 , a goldfinch , which almost immediatel y died : Thus the poison was demonstrated to withstand the effects of long keeping without losing its potency .
$T The Following Appeared In Our Town Ed...
$ T The following appeared in our Town Edition of last Saturday .
PROROGATION OP PARLIAMENT . House op Lords . ^ -Yesterday . Yesterday being the dav on which the writs for the assembling of a new parliament were made returnable , the House of Lords was opened shortly before two o ' clock , for the purpose of proroguing parliament , by royal commission , to Thursday , the 21 st of October next , in conformity with the command of the Queen in Council , and the official notice of which was published in a supplement to Tuesday ' s Gazette .
The Overland Mail . —The Oriental Company ' s steam packet Bentinck arrived at Southampton yesterday , and landed her mails under charge of Lieut . Reilly , R . N ., Admiralty Agent . She brings a considerable number of passengers and a large cargo . She has no tidings of the missing Bombay steamer , the Adjaha . Inauguration op Sir Robert Peel ' s Statue at Leeds . — Yesterday the public inauguration of the statue of the late Sir Robert Peel took place at noon , in the presence of an immense asemblage of people , numbering probably , not less than 40 , 000 .
Extinction of Pauperism . —On Monday night last , the 16 th of August , a public meeting was held in the Court-room , Bury , for the . purpose of enquiring if some means could not be devised to give employment to those who are generally termed ablebodied paupers , whereby , they may have the privilege of redeeming themselves , by their own labour , from the curse of being unwilling idlers or paupers . In the unavoidable absence of Mr . Thornby , the rector of Bury , the meeting was presided over by Mr . Bowflower , the incumbent of St . John ' s , who , in his opening address , said that the question of reproductive
labour was new to him , and he came there more as a learner than as an advocate of the ' principles which would be laid before the meeting for their consideration ; but this much he would say , that if any plan could be laid down to give the poor man the liberty to supply his wants by his own labour , it should have his support . He thought it morally wrong to force a man , willing to work , to degrade himself against his will by accepting the badge of pauper ; indeed , he thought that he who is willing to work should be allowed to do so , but he who will not work should not be allowed to eat . A gentleman from Manchester next addressed the meeting on behalf of the Poor Law Reform
Association , established at Manchester . He contended that the present Poor Law was not only foolish and expensive , but cruel and unjust , and showed how much better it would bcfor the rate-payers to find work on the reproductive principle for the poor than to insult them by their silly test of breaking stones , or picking oakum ; and urged on the working men to petition parliament for leave to institute self-supporting establishments for the able-bodied poor . The Rev . Franklin Haworth and others also spoke in favour of the principles , when the meeting adjourned to next Thursday fortnight . This seems a step , in the right direction , and wie expect the next meeting to be a bumper . —Correspondent .
Suffocation in a Cesspool . —Reading , Friday . —At an early hour yesterday morning , a man , named Wicks , who had long been accustomed to well-digging and the cleansing of cesspools , met with his death by suffocation whilst pursuing his ordinary avocation . Murder at Sheffield . —We yesterday gave a brief account of the murder , at Sheffield , of an illegitimate child , by its father ,
a young artizan named Alfred Waddington , and of an attempt by the same hand to assassinate the child ' s mother and another young woman . The circumstance of the murder were investigated yesterday at the Town-hall , before the coroner , Thomas Badger , Esq ., and a highly respectable jury , and the facts as detailed having been put in evidence , the jury returned a verdict of " wilful murdei , " and the prisoner was committed to York Castle .
Indecent Assault . —At the Greenwich Police Court yesterday , James Love , a private in the Royal Artillery , was charged with committing an indecent assault on a married woman , named Wilson , and her daughter , in a train on the North Kent Railway . The prisoner and the two females entered a secondclass carriage at Woolwich for Deptford , and whilst under the tunnel at Blackheath , a series of assaults were committed by the prisoner on both complainants , and on arriving at the New Cross' station the prisoner was given into custody . At the station he resisted being locked up , and was very violent . — Mr . Traill inflicted a penalty of £ 3 , and in default the prisoner was committed to Maidstone Gaol for two months .
Singular . Accident to an American Revenue Cutter . — On the afternoon of the 3 rd inst ., as the revenue cutter Taney , Lieut . Martin commanding , was proceeding down the bay , she was suddenly struck by a white squall and capsized , and immediately filled . Lieut . Martin and officers , and some of the crew , who were twelve in number , were taken off by the steamer Thomas Hunt , and brought to New York . Five men were drowned . Robijery at Liverpool . —At the Northern Circuit Assizes , ( yesterday ) William Johnson was indicted for having , in Christian-street , on the 11 th instant , robbed John Poole of a silver watch .
It appeared from the evidence that the prosecutor was walking up Christian-street at ten o ' clock on the night in question , when he was seized by three men , and after being assaulted , his watch was violently torn from him . He saw the prisoner run away , and pursued him , calling out " Stop thief . " When the prisoner reached Hunter-street , he was stopped by Policeconstable 713 , and the watch was found in the channel , close to his feet , where he had dropped it . The prisoner was found Guilty , and sentenced to transportation for ten years .
Extraordinary Case of Poisoning Horses . —The bench was occupied a considerable time in investigating a charge , brought before them by Mr . Samuel Ballard Pickett , an extensive farmer and miller , residing at Wroughton , against is carter , James Peasant , for poisoning three of his horses . A report wasproduced from Mr . Herapath , of Bristol , who had analysed the stomach of one of the horses , in which he gave his opinion that tlie animals had been poisoned by sulphuric acid , commonly
called vitriol : P . 0 Mabbetfc , stationed at Wroughton , took the intestines of the horses that died to Mr . Herapath , of Bristol ; that the contents were analysed in his presence , and he learned that the horses' deaths had probably been caused by sulphuric acid ; he apprehended the prisoner on suspicion of causing the death of the horses , and on searching his house found a black glass bottle , which was dry . The case was remanded for further evidence . —Wilts County Mirror .
The New Billingsgate Market . —The extensive alterations and improvements for the enlargement of the great city fish market , long known as Billingsgate , are proceeding rapidly towards completion .
Jtwfots.
jtWfots .
Corn, &C. Makk Lane, Monday, August 23.—...
CORN , & c . Makk Lane , Monday , August 23 . —The supply of old English Wheat moderate this morning , hut that of new rather larger , consisting of ni , 1 , 200 qrs ., of various qualities , and selling at from 85 s . to 50 s , The Watt since Saturday having heen more settled , the trade generally was less i •' mated to-day , though last Monday ' s prices were fully maintained . ln io ! less doing . Barley dull , though not cheaper . Beans fully as dear , hut V rather easier to buy . Rapeseed without change . In Cakes little doi r s The current prices as under : — n k >
BRITISH . FOKEIG . V . Wheat— s . s . Wheat— s Essex , Suffolk , and Kent , Danzig - - - . A . *• Red ( new ) - - -42 to 46 Pomeranian , red . . , ^ Ditto White - - 45-53 Danish and Priesland . g " 2 * Northumberland , aud Petersburg !! , Archangel Scotch , White - - 42 - 46 and Riga - . I « n Ditto Red - - - 42 - 44 Polish Odessa - . oq" f n Rye 30-32 Egyptian - - - . g * g Barley - - - - 26 - 32 Rye - - - - . . » ' « Malt , Ordinary - - - 46 - 48 Barley— * ° " *
Pale - - - - 50 - 55 Danish - - - . oo 9 ) Peas , Grey > - - - - 30 - 32 Oats— " ' ** Beans , Large - - - 30 - 32 Groningen , Danish , Bre-Oats— men , aud Priesland Line . & York , feed - - 17 - 18 feed and black - -15 1 (? Berwick and Scotch - 21-24 Flour— " Irish feed and black - - 16 - 17 U . S ., per 1961 bs - - 20 - 22 Linseed , sowing - -50-54 Hamburgh - - -19 _ <» Rapeseed , Essex , new £ 22 to £ 23 per French , per 2 S 01 hs , - 28-34 let St , Flour , per sack of 2801 bs . Ship - - - - 30 - 33 Town - - - -37-40 BREAD . —The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from 7 d tn 7 § d .: of household ditto , 5 M . to 6 M . per 41 bs . loaf . ' °
SEEDS . —The operations Seeds were not of much interest , the only chance in prices we have to report was a further rise in Carraway . '' CATTLE , & c . Smitiifield , Monday . —Our market to-day was again heavily supplied iritli each kind of foreign stock , the general quality of which was by no means first-rate . Amongst the supply were 39 Oxen from Oporto , in miserable condition—they being valued at only £ 6 per head . From our own grazing disl tricts the arrivals of Beasts were considerably on the increase , and there was a decided improvement in the condition of the Shorthorns compared with Monday last . A few very superior Sects produced the late improvement in the currencies ; but the general top quotations for Beef did not exceed 3 s . fid
to 3 s . lOd . per 81 bs . ; hence , tlie trade was considered somewhat heavy at a ' reduction in prices of 2 d . per 81 bs The supply of all breeds of Sheep , eWially from the Midland districts , was unusually large , and of fair avera"e quality ; nevertheless , the Mutton trade was firm , at the improvement in ' the quotations reported on this day se ' nnight . The primest old Downs realized 4 s . to 4 s . 2 d . per 81 bs . We had only a limited inquiry for Lambs—the number of which was seasonably extensive—and , in some instances , prices , which ruled from 4 s . to 5 s . per 81 bs ., were a shade lower than last week . Prime small Calves moved off freely at full prices . In other kinds of Veal , only a limited business was transacted at late rates . The sale for Pigs was heavv but we have no change to notice in their value . "'
Newgate and Leadenhall Markets . —The supplies of each kind of Meat on offer in these markets *| being on the > ancrease—though for the most part , in middling condition—the general demand is in a sluggish state in prices , however , we have very little alteration t > notice .
Per Slbs . by the carcase . Inferior Beef - - 2 s . 2 d . to 2 s . 4 d . Inferior Mutton - 2 s . 8 d . to 2 s . 10 J Middling ditto - 2 6-28 Middling ditto - 32-36 Prime large - - 2 10 - 3 0 Prime ditto - - 3 8 - 4 0 Prime Small - -32-34 Veal - - - 2 8 - 3 10 Large Pork - - 2 6 - 2 10 Small Pork - -30-36 Lamb - - 4 s . to 5 s .
PROVISIONS . No improvement has occurred in the demand for Irish Butter . The dealings on board and landed last week were few , trifling in extent , and devoid of interest . With an increased quantity on offer , a drooping market and fewer buyers , prices gave way Is . to 2 s . per cwt . Dutch declined to 78 s . subsequently advanced to 80 s . per cwt .. Bacon acquired rather more stability , and was slightly more saleable at a reduction of Is . to 3 s . per cwt ., as in size , condition , and quality . Hams partially neglected , and the turn cheaper . Lard of prime quality in request , at full prices .
VEGETABLES , FRUIT , & c . Covekt Gakdex . —Notwithstanding the late heavy rains , the supply of both Fruit and Vegeables has been good , with the exception of Strawberries and Oranges , which are nearly over . The former are confined to a few Eltons , on which the wet has had an unfavourable effect . Melons are move plentiful . Some excellent Greengages and other Plumbs have arrived from France , and also some Apricots , Jargonelle Pears and Apples . Tomatoes likewise continue to be imported . Potatoes are very plentiful , as are also Peas . West India Pine-apples are scarce . Mushrooms are cheaper . Cut flowers consist of Heaths , Pelargoniums , Mignonettes , Roses , Bignoiua venusta . and Pinks .
HOPS . The Hop trade remains in a quiet state , apparently uninfluenced by the £ 40 , 000 duty alleged to be blown away by the late high winds . Prices are are without alteration , the few Hops selling being for consumption . Sussex Pockets 110 s . to 130 s . Weald of Rents 120 s . to 130 s . Mid and East Kents 140 s . to 250 s . WOOL . The market for Wool has been quiet , and the has been no change in prices .
HAY . At per Load of 36 Trusses . Smithfield . Cumberland . Whitecliapel . Meadow Hay ... 65 s . to 84 s . 68 s . to 85 s . 60 s . to 84 s . Clover Hay 80 s . to 100 s . 80 s . to 100 s . 85 s . to 105 s . Straw 28 s . to 34 s . 29 s . to 35 s . 28 s . to 31 s . COALS . A brisk and general sale , the turn in favour of the factors . Helton ' s , 15 s . 6 d . ; Stewart's , 15 s . 6 d . ; Braddyll ' s , 15 s . 0 d . ; Kelloe , 14 s . 9 d . ; South Hartlepool , 14 s . 6 d .: Eden , 14 s . 3 d . ; Harley ' s , 14 s . Od .
COLONIAL PRODUCE . SUGAR . —The importers met the buyers , accepted a shade lower prices , a full amount of business was done in the West India market . The refincu market is quoted steady at last week ' s pries . Low brown to good grocery lumps , 43 s . 6 d . to 46 s . 6 d . COFFEE . —200 casks plantation Ceylon sold steadily in public sale at test week's prices , chiefly from . 50 s . to 68 s . 6 d . ; a few lots of good ordinary native Ceylon sold in paiblic sale , 48 s . 6 d . to 44 s . ; 500 half bales of Mocha were offered , and chiefly bought in , 75 s . to 79 s . TEA . —The market is firm ; the public sales declared for Friday have partly suspended business by private contract . On comparing the C !^| 0 C : afloat to arrive , we find them to amount to 6 , 726 , 000 lbs . against 9 , 336 , 000 a the same period last year . * RICE . —1 , 200 bags Bengal sold in public sale at 10 s . 6 d ., which showed ft slight decline .
Bankrupts. (From Tuesdays Gazette). Thom...
BANKRUPTS . ( From Tuesdays Gazette ) . THOMAS SECRET BARNET , common brewer . . u , in ( . SAMUEL WALTER GILLAM , Tarlington-place , Eugeware-road , »>' merchant . JAMES HOLMES , Regent-street , Westminster , shawl warehouseman . RICHARD . JAMES DANGERFIELD , Dunstable , printer . WM . PATTEN , Teering , dealer in horses by commission . CHARLES O'NEILL , Birmingham , metal dealer . „ t „ ANN CRAWFORD , Warden , Northumberland , paper manu facturei . SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS . J . P . BROWN , Glasgow , merchant . G . MEARNS , Cumnock , grocer . _ -
Printed By John Bezer, At The Printing-Office, 16, Great Vv Inj 1 "'
Printed by JOHN BEZER , at the Printing-office , 16 , Great Vv inJ "'
Street, Haymaket , In The City Of Westmi...
street , Haymaket , in the City of Westminster , fix the Propnetoi , - ^ lished by the said John Bezer , at the office , 183 , Fleet-strode » of London , —Saturday , Aug . 28 , 1852 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 28, 1852, page 16, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_28081852/page/16/
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