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TO THE CHARTISTS
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Ah- Fri e-sds,—I-have not time to give v...
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GREAT PUBLIC MEETING AT MANCHESTER. On S...
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DKSER TO FEARGUS O'COJJNOR, ESQ., i M.P....
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r Ott_ a - nac Evn>I*t'c*6 op CoHsmcT. —...
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THE CHARTER ORGANISATION . Lj _^ called ...
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL * ¦ ' "'" ....
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——————¦———¦——^_¦_¦ «¦¦_¦ TOL. HT. p.693T...
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« MANCHESTER CONFERENCE. The delegates a...
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MR. VERNON AND MR. O'CONNOR. TO TUB BDIT...
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THE REGISTRATION AND ELECTION COMMITTEE....
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ROCHDALE FACTORY OPERATIVES. A public me...
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Tub Ensuing Session of Parliament.—At he...
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THE CHARTER ORGANISATION . Lj _^ A publi...
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The Royal Mam»es.—Daring the fancy dress...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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To The Chartists
TO THE CHARTISTS
Ah- Fri E-Sds,—I-Have Not Time To Give V...
Ah- Fri e-sds , —I-have not time to give vou Itaigiheoed report of my tour . I at- j ** s _^ . _^ meeting at Manchester on Snndayl _** -j _, t and a very large public dinner party on I " _nnlav . Over one hundred and fifty sat down * : uner and remained in good spirits tilinear * h ret ? ov ! ock . On Tuesday night I attended _ffleft'l' _- _'o at Stockport—a _re- _^ _ilar crammer _^ s flj * l never was better received in my life . ' \ -L know it vas at Stockport I showed my _SJaRTIST COMMISSION in 1836 . I _^ _goins to Kochdale to-night , to Oldham _Ljnorr- 'W _' , to Ashton on Friday , Bolton on « jtnrday , Padiham on Sunday , and Bradford * _jjonday ; and shall he in my place in the 50 * 0 _^* BOX on Tuesday . .
_jucrer derived greater pleasure than I have _jincelc-mse amongst the BEES OF THE 50 BTIIEI-N HIVE ; and I am proud to 0 you thai they are beginning to BUZZ . I suppose you will have a -report of the _proceedings of the Conference . ! No dissension or _wrang ling has taken place . You cannot _gjpect me , occupied as I am , to address you at a greater length . Tour Faithful and Uncompromising Friend and Advocate , Feakgds O'Conhok . Manchester , Jan . 29 .
Great Public Meeting At Manchester. On S...
GREAT PUBLIC MEETING AT MANCHESTER . On Sunday evening , a publio meeting , was held ia tbe _PeopIeV Institute , _Ifeyrod-stree _^ _Ancoats , jnd although" the bill announcing the -meeting- 'did not state that Jfr . O'Connor would attend , and it jaeing a remarkably wet day , nevertheless a crowded _SieetinjsyjjjjBebled . - : - . _^^ f _?'~ ' i jir ? 8 cTTi * s occupied the chair , and opened the
_meetimr by readier the letter of Mr . u Connor ¦ " row ih $ _NorihertrStar . The chairman then intr * _- jatediSm Ambrose'Hnrst _* of London , who made a neat speech on the policy that had been pursued by *]_• Chartist body ; showing that the denunciation _^ t he middle _classes had caused them to act upon jie defensne . lie referred to the intolerance of { he Chartist body , in denouncing all who differed from tbem , and said , before they conld succeed in their vk'ws and objects , tbey must 1 * more tolerant in t ! i .-ir conduct . Mr . Hurst resumed his seat amid much applause .
3 _ r . Dosovas proposed the resolution , wliich was carried at the members * meeting in tbe _afternoon , and remarked , that they ( the Manchester Charfists . ) believed it was time to take a step in advance . After alluding to the policy hitherto pursued , Mr . D . movan referred to the appointment of _jjr . Young , the Protectionist secretary , who lad appointed three individuals to go through the - * reat Northern Dive , in getting np an ag _jt-uinn for protection of native indu-try . Air . Djnov .-in wad * a few other observations , and _rejunK'd his . < eat amid tbe applause of the meeting Mr . If . NoTTAti . seconded the resolution .
Mr . J . Leacu addressed tbe meeting , and cordully _approved « f the resolution . _jilr . _O'CosNoarose _, amidst _. reatnpplause , and said , men and women of Manchester , I feel more pleasure in _hi-arini * speeches of working men , and learn more from them , than I do from the speeches made in the l Jou .-e of Commons ; I always feel a pleasure _mbeiii-: amonzst you . Air . Hurst , in his speech , _recO _' . u » icuds nn anion with the middle classes : so do I , bm 1 wish tobe informed , by Mr . Burst , what he means by the middle classes ? Does he mean the shop < _*»** " {> in _ clas 3 e 3—those who Jive by labour—if he does I a _^ ree with him ; bnt if he means the money _manufw-turiug middle class—those who live upon
yonr labour , who coin yonr sweat , marrow , and bone * i _» to gold—I do not agree with him . They will _m-Ter honestly eo-opprate with yon to obtain jour political rights : it would be detrimental to tbeir chss , because if you had the Cbarteryo _ would compil tbem to act more justly with your labour ; for _di-j-fnd u _*> on it the manufacturers will never _ijive up any portion of your ri / hts . Parliament wS ) meet in a few days , and then you will see such » bre-z « as you little think of . I see Dr . M'llale , _ArdiJiiihop « f Titam , is amongst yon in Manchester -be _inhere to prepare the Catholic mind of this _eonnt-y _f--r the coming struggle . Ireland was always the Premier ' s greatest difficulty , and the Ministry
limits _Ii'Okod io tbe Irish members for support ; but the Papal A _.-ression question will give it another tarn . Mr . _O'ConHor then referred to a meetis *; , lately held , where Cobden and Milner Gibson ¦ woe _jin-sent , and asked the meeting if they ( Cobden aud Gibs n ) would come amongst tbem ? Mr . O'Connor then alluded to tbe Manchester Conference which w « uld commence its sitting the next day ; and _reaiirkcd _, that tbe Conference sitting in Manc _i '» 5 ier would have more weight with the country th : _»« if it held its sitting elsewhere . Mr . O'Coir . _siir asked the meeting if tbey would dispel the _di-maou J —(* ' yes , yes" )—would they give up all
anfa .. _'iiisui ? ( " Yes , yes . " ) Very well . He would go on _a-fitatinsr the principles ofthe Charter feark _ s of the denunciations of some men of their order , and en . ' cavour to dispel the disunion . He _aaiiom-d them to adhere to principles , and not to men who wero end _(* avoaring to live upon tbeir agitation . Mr . O'Connor then took a glance of the palitici * 'Kisitiou and prospects of France , showing the diff _' _-ivmse _Ix-tween the French and English _peo- _'i-, and concluded his speech by requesting Mr . Ilirst to d « fi ««* what he meant by the middle classes , a * he ( Mr . O'Connor ) was decidedly _oppose-l !•• the union of tbe working classes with tbe commrrc-i _^ l middle class .
Mr . _llcftsr said , in reply , that he wished it to be tinderrt -o _» , in the broadest sense of the word , commerciA or shopkeeping . Tie _Cumruas informed the meeting that Mr . Sarnie w = * _-ln * d to address them , and he hoped they venM _s-iv «* _lUHi a bearing . I . Mr . Mantle said , he had heard much that he _jBriially _agreed with , and should render tbem his _ftjaaiiice _, in _creating anew organisation npon the " - " _-inq-iu he had heard explained that evening . ; Th- _Chairjuj- then took the vote for the resolu"tisn _-j _. icb was mssed unanimously .
Dkser To Feargus O'Cojjnor, Esq., I M.P....
DKSER TO FEARGUS _O'COJJNOR _, ESQ ., _i M . P . 0 a _M-mday evening last a pnblic dinner was im to Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., M . P ., at Mr . ' airs , Cotton Tree Inn , Ancoat-street . One _hun-Ired and twenty men sat down to dinner , and ibom twenty females in another room . Mr . 0 'C _« mnor , accompanied by W . P . Roberts , is _i-cipie's attorney-general , was loudly ap-- _andd . After doing ample justice to the good - * % s provided , the company retired for about "" ferny minutes , and , on re-assembling , Mr . James leach occupied the chair , when the following _^•' , _iemiinents , and songs were given : —" The
pera—i . cr rights and no more , " " The Peopleteirri _ ! its , and no less . " Responded to by Thomas liar * .: —• " The _AortSern Star , and the Democratic res * , may it so energetically persevere in its nnter _^ kin |* , that despotism and oppression most _janis ' i Wore its exertions . " Responded to by M _* . _R-iberts . ifessrs . Clark and M'Grath sung Bas _< oppressors , " " Feargus O'Connor , the friend « tie oppressed millions , may he live long to _attain tlieir cause , and by his influence unite the *? Wertd ranks of Democracy , —tbat he may fulSl 115 gnat mission , and live to enjoy the blessings of _^ _ispj . _j-and contented people . " Mr . O'Connor _^ . ¦ ted . "Tho People ' s Charter , may it soon _woiae
the law of the land , and by its influence ¦ - se lintuiii to be in reality the envy of sor-¦ _tonliag _nations and the admiration of the world , _M oace more restore her exiled sons fo their na-¦ f » Responded toby Mr . Hirst . Mr . Johnson ?* " - ••' ' . rend the Charter . " «• The Manchester _•* wii » t- Council and thecauseof Democracy . " Reff _*** to by Mr . P . M'Grath and Thomas _Clark . _j _^ _-peration and success to it . " Mr . Bell , of • "Mid . said tbat in his locality a sick society n _* fl _* . Mrawn £ 100 , and commenced operations ' f 1 _}; and he __ d much pleasure to state that he i *~ _* di-d £ _• _* - _ amonratits members , and he had
_*" -tit quarter to dirideanother £ 100 . This had I * 61 saved by tradin ~ amongst themselves , and _;™* _l * -intly ont of the pockets of the _ehop-» r . * _Co-oj-eration -t Bochdale was on a * _£ g * r scale ; and at Leeds it was still larger . _Zr _* 7 . returned to its own town council seven " " _™ _anot _ for its ewn local government . Some r _; _!* said that co-operation was tha means of f _^ g tbem from the Charter ; it was untrue ; _H-7 _tte means of drawing together Tories , __ * . and Chartists ; and exchange of sentiment , _27 * aj to make converts to Chartism . A nd ti _k 8 WiW _£ * ren to the iost and eh * ' 10111 * , tiuch ** Deetu , S separated , on Tuesday morning ,
R Ott_ A - Nac Evn>I*T'C*6 Op Cohsmct. —...
r Ott _ a - Evn > * t'c * 6 op CoHsmcT . —A married Urbf * * down dead some years ago , at Seahaui "to * _** Mfe in the act of baking . Her husband , f ear - _^ tly attached to her , preserved a piece av * . ' ** had in her hand as a memorial A few * iecd * ° i < " * and left strict injunctions to his uit _ jyf ttnt _" y should bnry him in his wedding ras . _w tl " piece of cake in his pocket—which _^ accordingly . _tt'rM ndersts - _*< i that Lord Ebrington is about to m __; n , _•** » secretaryship ofthe Poor-law Board iam _« , " ¦* _deeded by Mr . R . W . Gr ey , as Par * _* My secretary , Mr . Nicholls also retires on aail " _7 iH-health , and will he succeeded as _perilt l _,, _swaetary by lord Coartenay _, who has _fc-t _o * _fp _' ed _' as poor-Jaw inspector for several " , ' * _"" & Wje
The Charter Organisation . Lj _^ Called ...
* ¦ _' "' " . ' _""'/""; / _i _^^_ »/ i fa ' ¦ \ _lS _^ . _A M _) ' -
And National Trades' Journal * ¦ ' "'" ....
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL
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_——————¦———¦——^_¦_¦ ¦¦_¦ TOL _. HT . p . 693 _T _"IJDQB , _SAMDAXrtmBYTl 85 L " _* nJ 22 , JSl 55 % r-.
« Manchester Conference. The Delegates A...
_« MANCHESTER CONFERENCE . The delegates appointed to this body met at tbe People ' s Institute , on Monday morning . -At the appointed time , Mr . Ambrose Hurst was , upon tbe motion of Messrs . Leach and O'Connor , elected to preside over the Conference . Mr . M'Grath was elected to act as Secretary . Credentials were tben handed in by Messrs . O'Connor and Leach , from Manchester ; by Messrs . Hurst , M'Grath . and Clark , from Londou ; Mr . Lawson , Lower Warley ; Mr . Short , from Bradford ; Mr . Mantle , Warrington .
On the motion of Messrs . O'Cohsob and Cure , it wa 3 agreed , " That the Conference assemble each day at ten o ' clock , and adjourn at three . " The _delegates then proceeded to consider the first proposition of tbe programme—namely , " The present position of Chartism , and the causes which Lave led to its prostration . " It waa arranged that the delegates deliver their opinions as tbe names stood on the Secretary ' s book . _.-. _¦; - . , . - > .-,.. . - . ¦ Mr , 0 _'CoK . TOBsaid that _tbiy ; lamentableand deplorable condition to which-Chart ism : was reduced , hethought ,. was _attributable to _^ the violence and folly of trafficking politicians . He wa 3 opposed to all antagonism , and was present at the Conference tdweM the working class mind of the country . lie hoped _tiwt the delegates would act calmly and
_dispassionately , and promidgatenothingbut reason and common sense . If the people were united , nothing conld withstand their- power . If tbe labouring classes had worked as hard for one monthjaBbebad done for twenty-five years , tbe Charter would be carried forthwith . Look at the state of Prance , and see what was transpiring there , under the go " - vernment ofthe " special constable" President , and they would see what he bad often told them would be tbe effects of violent revolutions . A struggle was at hand , and his desire was , that the people should be prepared for it , and act for themselves . It was his pride that he had done more tor the people than any man living . He would much rather be in the company of working men than in
the society ofthe highest men in the land . He would say what he had often said before , that he would sacrifice Ms life rather than give up one iota of the Charter . He had never travelled a mile nor eaten a meal at the expense of the people , and was not , therefore , like those _trafficking politicians who feed npon the credulity of the working classes . He begged of them , for God ' s sake , not to be disunited , bnt to prepare for the crisis at hand . Mr . Clark said , that only one opinion wonld exist with lespeet to the condition of Chartism throughout the country . It was in a miserably low state , and he thought would continue to be so nnless organisation—in its name—should obtain a more intelligent , reasonable , and rational direction tban had hitherto been tbe case . But , although snch was the pitiable coalition to which Chartism haj been reduced , yet he was certain that there never existed in this nation so wide , deep , and
I intense a democratic spirit as at the present time . The most plain and intelligible signs of the progress of democratic opinion everywhere abounded , as he thought he could show . Look at the state of opinion amongst other classes at present as compared with by gone times , and it would be discovered "that the democratic idea had penetrated thom all * and , as a consequence , efforts of various kinds were being made in every direction to obtain an extension of power for the people . There were several different proposals , none of them it was true coming up to tbe Charter , but all tending to that end , and all based upon the same idea of popular sovereignty . Take for example the immense number of freehold land societies which are scattered over the empire , and established for tbe double purpose of promoting tbe social and political condition of those interested in them . Then there were several societies
for the special purpose of procuring an extension oftbesuffrage : —suchas the _National Parliamentary Reform Association ; many of them , he said , co- _sisted of the middle classes , who were dissatisfied with the present state of things . In the House of Common- ) , too , be thought evidence of progress had been given . Upon the three divisions , on tbe motion of Mr . flume for a most sweeping extension of the suffrage , 132 votes had been given in favour , and of these 122 voters fourteen only represented agricultural districts ; and in no one instance had any one county voted on the side of the people . But more than this was the faet ; as
shown by Mr . O'Connor , in an analysts which he made of these divisions ; it appeared that the members voting with Mr . Hume represented sixteen millions of people . Well , then , with these _associations ont of doors , consisting of every variety ot class , and the decisions in the House of Commons , there was every reason to hope for tbe democratic cause . He was , as be bad said , fully aware of tbe weak state of Chartist organisation ; bnt how , he asked , conld it be otherwise , after tbe violence which had characterised former advocacy . Tbe country was brim full of fine , healthy , generous , democratic sentiment , and it only required good sense and the necessary intelligence .
Mr . J . Leach supported Mr . Clark ' s views . It appeared to him impossible that tbey could any longer continue to act with those who arrogated to themselves the leadership of the people . It appeared to him that the elements of an organisation existed more powerful than any they had ever witnessed , for , at the time of tbeir greatest strength , there never were more than fifty thousand enrolled members . He felt certain that the democratic principle was steadily progressing , although they , aa a party , were all bnt extinct . All they had heard about dividing the party appeared to bim sheer folly , the fact being that there was no party to divide . Their business here was to commence again
and build np a party- _Nothing appeared to him more palpable than tbat their present lamentable position was the result of past folly , which it was high time to remedy- He fully approved of a new organisation upon a more intelligent , tolerant , and conciliatory basis . He believed there were two trains of ideas of policy struggling for domination ; tbe one appealing to the impulses and passions of tbe people , the other to its molality , its equity , and reason . Of the ultimate triumph of tbe latter he had no doubt . He hoped the Conference would be temperately conducted , and without reference to the existence of any other parties .
Mr . Makile said much stress had been laid on the assertion , that the present apathetic state of Chartism was owing to the savings and doings of tbe men of ' 4 S . He would not deny but tbat many things had been done and said which would have been better left alone . But he did deny tbat their present position was wholly owing to what had been irreverently termed , " tbe insane _raving" of some of tbeir friends . He had been told by his constituents , that their association was broken up in ' 48 by the inexplicable conduct of Mr . O'Connor . There were otto * _causes-the unfaithfulness of leaders to their party ; and tbe unworthy insinuations by which it was constantlv being attempted by one section , to infuse suspicion and distrust into the minds of the their leaders
people , towards other sections of . The representatives of the Charter League bad hinted that the Executive was contemptible , and its constituency insignificant . He would ask this Conference , if it did not think itself ( consisting as it did of eight persons only , representing five localities ) _, somewhat contemptible ; and whether it did not think these five localities sublimely insignificant , when compared with the fifty-three localities that voted for the Executive ? He would tell tbe deputation from the Leagne , tbat they were re garded with distrust by those to whom they pro posed to appeal for support . He thought the first duty of this assembly was , to take some emphatic steps towards conciliating the goodwill of those
whose affections they were held to nave wounaea , and whose sympathies they had forfeited . Till they did thiB , tbeir legislation would be looked upon as a factious aggression on the Chartist majority—an insult to the expressed will of seven-eights ofthe _existingfiocalities . Mr . M ' Gkath said he thought the Conference had commenced its work at the right point , by an inquiry into the cause which had led to the present lamentable prostration of the Chartist movement . "Until this was discovered , a revival of that movement would be a great difficulty , if not an impossibility . He did not hesitate to say , that their weakness was tho consequence of tbe rant , and furv . which , to a . great extent , characterised ' - " m » i _ ___ - _ - _ . ___ 1 *___ _-tewi-L . « of their 1848
the advocacy principles . In they were rapidly attaining a proud position—the continental revolutions had fixed the attention of the public mind upon their movement , when the majority of their leading men became smitten with the mania of platform valour ; terror took the place of _admiwt-bn in the public mind , reaction followed and their present miserable plight waB the result . He thought an end should be pnt to > this despicable mountebankism . Mr . Mantle said , _ttotMr . 0 G < m . that Mr . O'Connor haddone all thatman « mM doto restrain the folly and extravagance of both the Convention and Assembly . They should _stamptheirreprobationu-Jonsttcbcondttct . _KocausecouldpM _^ er
« Manchester Conference. The Delegates A...
in connection with it . It had proved the bane and curse of the most glorious cause tbat ever _engaged the mind of a people . Let them have done with factious policy . Let them stamp their reprobation npon it ; and those who pursued it would'find their account in the increased contempt of every sensible and intelligent Chartist in England . Let their policy eschew folly and extravagance . Let their appeals be to tbe reason and common sense of the community , and they might depend upon it that they would not be made in vain .
! Mr . North thought there had been sufficient said upon tlie subject . In order to effect an union in tbe shortest time , and at the least expense , he would recommend the Conference and the Executive to write tracts , and that tbe working classes be requested to do the same . - The tracts to be distributed one in each house , and for the delegate to report to the Committee of Observation the opposition he meets with . That , in his opinion , would be the best plan to adopt . He was instructed to advocate the People ' s Charter whole and entire , and to join no society that fell short of that ' .-mea _*
1 Mr . _HtjHsrsaid , theyVhadmet foran ! _important purpose , and although they were , few in number , yet tbey were sustained by a consciousness of the greatness and goodness of their principles . Surveying Chartism in its present position , they were all _equ-dly impressed with a conviction ofthe deep and general _prostration under wbich it lay . No cause that had once been so high had ever sunk so lowno principles so great , so just , and glorious were * ever jo dishonoured and defiled by its avowed champions , its _apoBtles , and defenders . Wherever it once flourished it was now in abeyance ; Conferences , Executives , Councils , and Associations , have faded away , or are dragging out a miserable
and pitiful existence ; and yet , amid all this prostration , there never was a healthier Democratic feeling existing in the country than at present . What were the causes ? _Foremost appeared to him the eneouragementgiven to physically violent ideas ; men have talked of violent measures , have inflamed the passions of the people , and , to gratify their self-vanity , bave uttered the wildest and most dangerous doctrines—dangerous alike to the property , the liberty , and the institutions of the kingdom . Another cause of their failure was to be found in the fact , that in a spirit of bitter intolerance and uncharitableness , they bad maligned the character , impugned the motives , and vilified tbe public conduct of every other party in the kingdom . Another , and the greatest cause of their failure , was tbe fact , that they refuse to work in unison with tbe liberal sections of the middle and upper classes , without whom they conld do nothing , and who , despite of
their _revilings , were tbe only parties of real power in this country that would widen the limits' of constitutional rights , privileges , and liberties . The whole of the delegates having expressed their opinions , Mr . M ' Grath said , that in order to epitomise the ideas of the delegates , he would submit tbe following resolution to the Conference : — " That , seeing the existence of the great apathy which prevails throughout the country at the present time , on the subject of the People ' s Charter , and having given the matter its best consideration , this Conference have arrived at tbe following conclusion : —tbat this lamentable state of things has been mainly brought about by the extravagance and folly which bave characterised a great portion of the advocates of the people ' s cause ; and impressed with tbis conviction , this Conference deems it its imperative duty to express _> ts strongest condemnation of this pernicious policy , and pledges itself to nse its utmost endeavours henceforth to
guard the movement against this evil . " Mr . Thomas Clark seconded the resolution . Mr . Mantle rose , and moved the following amendment , which was seconded by Mr . North : — " That as the delegates now present , repi _est-nting only four localities , they do not feel themselves in apositionto legislate for the inauguration or direction ofa great national democratic movement ; and , seeing that they have not the support of the various localities now in existence , do feel it their duty to defer to the negative of the majority by dissolving this
Conference , and recommending to the country the propriety of themselves decreeing the time and place at which a national assembly shall be held , to provide for the present _organisation and future policy of the Chartist movement . " The enthusiasm of the physical force men was much abated . He came there instructed to move an amendment to the first resolution proposed ia Conference , whatever that _resolution might be . The London Executive , he felt confident , had the sympathy and support of the people , wbicb was his reason for moving the amendment .
Mr . Cure said be thought there was a fundamental error in the reasoning of Mr . Mantle in supposing the London Executive had the confidence of the . people ; he would not deny that they were supported by tbe 1 , 800 who had elected them , supposing that , number of votes honestly obtained . Ttiey ( the Conference ) did not pretend to represent the supporters of the London Executive , nor did tbey wish to do so , * they wished to begin with tbe _alphabet ef politics . He would ask by what right
had parties denied either to them or any other person * the power of forming a distinct body ? By what authority did tbey sit in judgment upon the right of others to form an association for the furtherance of those political principles in which they believed ? What had the Ikhv / oii Executive done for the people , except to blight the hopes , blast tbe prospects , and wither the anticipations of democracy in tbe country ? He had no confidence whatever , either in the political ability or influence of that Executive for good .
After some further conversational explanations , the Chairman submitted tbe resolution and amendment , tbe amendment being negatived . The motion was supported by Messrs . F . O'Connor , James teach , Thomas Clark , Phillip M'Grath , David Lawson ; Messrs . G . F . Mantle , and William North voting against it . Mr . Clark then movetl , and Mr . _O'Cohnob seconded : — " That the Conference do now proceed to appoint three members of its body to prepare the draft ofa plan of organisation . " The motion was carried , Mr . Mantlb dissenting . Mr . Leach and Mr . North were appointed . The Conference then adjourned till Tuesday morning .
TUESDAY . The Chairman having resumed the chair , tbe minutes of the previous day were read and confirmed . The next point in the programme was then read by the Chairman , namely : " The policy which the Chartist party should pursue in reference to other political _Lartiea . " Mr . Clark said he wished to submit a resolution on this subject , and that be could not do better than propose one similar to the one adopted by the
Conference that met in London in December , 1849 . A resolution was unanimously passed by that body to the effect , tbat they . would most cordially aid and assist all parties , irrespective of class , who aim at tbe enlargement of the franchise . He would move : —" That this Conference recommend that when Chartists attend meetings of other political bodies , reformers favourable to the extension ofthe franchise , or other progressive reform , that it shall be for the purpose of lending aid and support . " Mr Leach seconded the resolution .
Mr . O'Consor said tbat the passing of tne resolution would do no good . It would tend to divide the people . He would remind them of tbe deceit practised on the people in former timesbytbemiddle classes . The people had no more chance of getting justice from tbis class than they had from tbe man in themoon . _HewasforkeepingCbartismseparatefrom every other "ism . " They must rely solely on themselves . The Financial Reformers would use them for tbeir own purposes . He came there to unite the public mind , and in doing so , we must not be considered poppets in tbe hands of tbe middle classes , which that resolution would show to be the fact .
Mr . _Ltsach said that Mr . O'Connor , m bis opinion , was mistaken in saying that this resolution wonld divide the people . The fact was , that there was no body to divide ; therefore , we need not be afraid of doing that mischief . Their business was , to build up a movement ; and he thought tbat this resolution embodied a policy indispensable to that work . The motion condemned the obstructive policy—and very justly so , too . We are advised to go to these meetings—for what ? Are we to remain
idle spectators ? If not , we must either oppose or support them . Now , which shall we do ? His advice was , to give them support . He would never swerve from the Charter ; but , in advocating his own principles , no consideration in the world could induce him to be an obstructive to the progress oi lesser measures of reform . This policy bad done much evil , and it was time to get rid of it . He strongly condemned blaster and denunciation in our struggles for liberty . We must try to elevate Chartism from the mire and filth into which this
pernicious system has plunged it . He would never again embark in an agitation , unless it was conducted upon principles likely to leave the people some tangible -result as tbe fruit of their toil ,
« Manchester Conference. The Delegates A...
Mr . 0 Con-tor expressed . _his fullest confidence in the integrity of Mr . Leach , but , nevertheless , should dissent from , him 0 n this motion . His long experience enabled him to judge cwrectly of the House of Commons ; and he would tell them , that although Cobden and Brigh t might now vote for the , Little Charter , still , if _thercwas a chance of ever making that measure law , they would bribe some of tbeir own party to prevent ifc . The aim of these men was to juggle us for their own benefit . ; They were now told that Lord John would propose something near the Charter ; if so he will go out ; but when again installed in power , he will pause and deliberate and take time to consider , and will come to the conclusion that the convenient time is not yet come . If they mixed up any other
quesj tion with the Charter , they would injure tbe move-I ment . He told them in conclusion to place no con-| fidence in any other class ofthe community but the working _classeB . For his own part he would never confide nor co-operate with any other . He , had _spentupwards of £ 130 , 000 in tbeir . cause ,. ; and he would ; never , _$ E » r _^ to _thej-n _& _tingsj _of / tb' _^ their ; principles ! _i-by * . ' 6 _^ doing'ltbey : V 6 uld ; c _^ ihniaiid ' places of meeting beyond their own- ' reacli ' _l in' which to'teach the middle classes the' truths of Chartism . His grand aim at the present time was to unite' and prepare the publio mind for the struggle ' which would ensue during the forthcoming session . ¦ _¦ •• ¦ '" ¦ _"' ¦ '• . _" " Mr . Lawson said that bis instructions were to
vote against , the connexion of any other movement _with'thJErOhartistagitation . . ' ' Mr . Mantle proposed tho following amendment — " That this Conference , with every desire to promote co-operation with till parties anxiously struggling for the people ' s emancipation , regards with " suspicion the movements of the Commercial Reformers , and does not feel itself justified in recommending co-operation with those reformers headed by Messrs . Hume , Cobden , Walmsley , and Co . " lie could not vote for tlie resolution , hence he felt it ids duty to move this amendment ; . Those
who differed from him had proved to his satisfaction that the _interest of the labourer and the capitalist were identical ; therefore he could not support any movement in which such persons were embarked . If they were to judge of them as masters , they could not expect much from them as senators . They had no interest in common with the people . The object of their plan was to increase their own power . If they did succeed in their project of enfranchising four million of the people , it would only make things worse : because it would increase the strength of tyranny , for it is natural to man to nse power despotically over those who have it not .
Mr . _Sh-bt thought that the motion , if carried , would be likely to create dissension , and therefore he should vote against it . Mr . M'Grath said thafc Mr . O'Connor had advised them against antagonism , but he could not understand how it was to be avoided , Mr . Clark said that Mr . O'Connor had himself done more in support ofthe Parliamentary Reform Association than any other man in connexion with the Chartist movement , and ought , therefore , to he the last man in the community to reproach the policy of Others , for ' having done less than himself . Mr . O'Connor had gone all the way from London to Aberdeen , a distance of nearly 600 miles , to be present at a meeting of the Parliamentary Reformers . It had cost Mr . O'Connor £ 20 to bo pre sent at tbat meeting . More than that , when it was
proposed in committee at Aberdeen to alter the constitution of that Association , and to adopt universal suffrage , in preference to the suffrage of the Reformers , so unwilling was Mr . O'Connor to offer the smallest obstacle to those whom he went to support , that he would not allow universal suffrage to be substituted . Again , Mr . O'Connor , at his own expense , travelled to Norwich , and gave the Association all the support in his power . He read from copies of the Northern Star , several passages from Mr . O'Connor ' s letters , in which he advised support of this party , and strongly condemned all opposition . In doing this he thought Mr . O'Connor did right . He hoped that Mr . O'Connor would now support the resolution , because , it was in strict conformity with the policy he pursued and recommended . <
Mr . O ' Connor said , the fact of Mr . Clark coming prepared to the Conference with so many ex tracts from his letters , showed that he anticipated something like antagonism . It was true tbat he had attended the meetings of tho Parliamentary Reformers ; but ifc was always for the purpose of advocating the Charter . The leading men of that party would not , if they could prevent it , allow the Charter to be mentioned at their meetings . Several wealthy men joined with the selfish
motive of getting into Parliament . Mr . Clark complains that he is reviled for doing what be believed to be right . No man was more reviled than himself , but be considered the censure of slaves to be adulation . So also , should Mr . Clark . He was abused at Brighton , by Mr . Prout and Cunningham , for having mentioned the Charter . For his part , he had no confidence in these reformers , still he would advise tbe Chartists to attend their meetings , and propound their principles . He told them that thev did not want the Charter . Take
their conduct on the Income Tax as an illustration ; when that tax was being levid the manufacturers put into their pockets , in the shape of decreased wages , no less than £ 400 , 000 . Reduction of taxation , under the present system , would be no benefit , because tbe employers of labour would take advantage of it to reduce the wages of labour . Ilis aim would ever be to locate all on the land of their birth . And at whatever cost of labour or anxiety , he was determined to carry out his Lund Plan . He had not the slightest confidence hi any class but that of labour . He confided more in the intellect of tbe working classes than in any other . And he would glory in the day when he could seethe blacksmith doffing his leathern ; ipron , and betaking himself to the House of Commons , to make laws for the benefit of his order .
Sir North said , if he understood the motion right , it meant tbat no opposition should be given to the Parliamentary Reformers ; in that he agreed ; hut it also pledged the Chartists to support them . " Now , he would support them himself , but he could not agree to recommend others to do so . He would leave all to be guided by their own private judgment . Mr . Lsach said , that what his judgment told was right , be would feel no qualm of conscience to recommend to another . The question was not the honesty or dishonesty of other reformers , but whether they would struggle for a modicum of justice for the people . He cared not by what motives they were actuated , provided they accomplished some
benefit for bis order . Mr . O'Connor advised attendance at tbeir meetings , were people to remain there idle spectators ? Let them not dally with the question , but speak out boldly ; if they thought the movements of the parties bad , oppose them , if they thought them good , support them . This was the dictate of common sense , and he defied contradiction to it . They were daily sinking as a party , through the arrant stupidity of their conduct . Six years since many of the trades bodies of Manchester were enrolled Chartists , but now the very name was loathing to them . As to Mr . Mantle's argument , that the emancipation ofa part of the people would prove an injury , it was too absurd for _seriouB
comment . He was for a policy tbat would pull on instead of push back , all who fell short of their views , convinced that such conduct would give strength to their cause and respect to themselves . Mr . Horst made a long and eloquent speech in support of the motion , in which he denied that the commercial classes were so irrevocably opposed to papular rights , as had been represented . He vividly depicted the serfdom of the agricultural lanourer , as compared with the manufacturing operative , and concluded by declaring his determination to abide by the policy laid down in the motion . Mr . Bobsjall thoug ht the motion , if adopted , would create great dissension . The people would never aid the manufacturers in any movement .
Mr . O ' Connor said , in reply to Mr . Hurst , that the agricultural labourer , at fifty years of age , was a better man than tbe manufacturer at thirty . The manufacturers coined the sweat of tbeir slaves into gold . Could they ever co-operate , to any ex tent , with such tyrants ? For bis part , he never would , _nismission among tbem was , to destroy all antagonism ; and , therefore , he would recommend that the motion be withdrawn . Mr . Leach could not consent to the withdrawal of the motion . The old system must be discarded _. The mind of the people had shot far ahead of their old policy , and those who thought to drag them back to it would find themselves miserably mistaken . He would never be a party to carry it out . If they went to meetings ir . _tbejapirit of liberality , to reason , they would be listened to , but if they went there to oppose they would very properly meet with their reward in total exclusion .
Mr . O Connob . —But does not Mr . Leach see that the effect of this motion would be to create distrust and division in the _minds-of the people ? . Let them aim at cementing nnioa and mix up nothing with the _Clarter , ° . - •• , ¦ "
« Manchester Conference. The Delegates A...
| Mr . M'Grath said , that the fear of creating antagonism must not prevent them from advising what they thought tbe proper course , lle thought their _antagonists were wrong , and the plainer they told the people so the better . Every party . on tho road of progress was entitled to the aid and friendship of its neighbour . The third part of a life was spent in agitating for the Charter , without any tangible advantage . What stronger evidence could be advanced to show the inefficiency of their means ? Mr . Mantle's amendment expressed suspicion and distrust of the Parliamentary Reformers . This was the pernicious practice they wished to put an end to . By what right could they denounce the Reformers as dishonest ? The Reformers would be
equally justified in denouncing the Chartists as dishonest . His opinion was , thafc those Reformers were just as honest and sincere as themselves , Ho was aure that ths assertion of these opinions would Mr-cite the ire and denunciation of some , but these ebulitipns should be . met and crushed , and ' , he , for one , would not - shrink from his shave of the _workfS _«? . _?! . _* | . _* i 8 _* l ? d with . amazement' _to'vMr . '; Mantle's _spe _eph'h-TW gross for the credulity ! of the moat ignorant meeting thatcould / possibly , be assembled . And he was proud to think : that ; the ' fcime had " come when such speeches could' not ; be addressed to any portion of
the people with impunity . He was certain that Mr . Mantle did not believe that to enfranchise four millions of the working classes would ¦ . be a positive evil . He had too much respect for bis judgment to ; believe him capabie . ofany such infatuation . He thought'th' * t a party going for such an . _extensive measure of justice , . were ' eminently entitled to the friendship , goodwill _^ and aid of every man anxious to witness the elevation of liis fellow creatures . He would support the resolution as the embodiment of a policy honourable to themselves , just to others and calculated to raise their cause from the abasement to which it had fallen .
Mr . North made a few remarks , when the further consideration of the question was adjourned to tbe next sitting . [ From circumstances for which WO are _linablo to account , we have not received tho report of the Wednesday's proceedings up to tho time of going to press . _—En . N . S . ]
Mr. Vernon And Mr. O'Connor. To Tub Bdit...
MR . VERNON AND MR . O'CONNOR . TO TUB _BDITOH OF THK NORTHERN STAR . Sm , —In reading tho Star of Saturday last , we _wereasiouished on reading what Mr . Yernon said with regard to Mr . O'Connor , and the money that has heen _subscritied to keep him ( Mr . O'Connor ) , Ftnd defray his expenses both in public and private life . If Mr . O'Connor was dependent upon the public for his support , he would not havo had the many followers he has at this moment . To talk ol him living , and defending so many persons as he has done , out of the few pence subscribed , is not worth the paper we write on . Has lie received the money he expended in defending Frost , Williams
and Jones ? The money that was spent in 1842 , and again in 1848 , let alone the Bradshaw cases ? We think that Mr . Vernon might make himself more useful i _« trying to get up a _uniun , instead of denouncing Mr . O'Connor , and throwing cold water ou the Chavtist body . So much for Mr . Vernon . And again , Mr . Plaxman asks where Mr . O'Connor gets his money from to pay those expens es ? If Mr . P . had been—what he should be—a Chartist , and had done his own share of the work , he would not have been so much puzzled as to where it came from . Signed on behalf of the Broomueld Section , Bradford , near Leeds , T . _Funtiff . January 26 , 1851 .
The Registration And Election Committee....
THE REGISTRATION AND ELECTION COMMITTEE . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTlTEnN STAR . Sm , —We , the undersigned , having been appointed to audit the accounts of the ' Registration and Election Committee , " which we carefully went over , and furnished you with a balance sheet ( bearing our signatures ) , but which was published iu the Star of Saturday the 19 th ult ., with the names of the auditors omitted . You will , therefore , much oblige by the insertion of this note in your next impression , which may prevent any suspicion t at might other-Wise attach itself to the Committee , through the publication of that ( apparently ) unauthehticated document . Yours most respectfully , _AlfRED UUSHlBAtL , \ . „ _jji _. _ Jacob Bu _ -, ' / Auditors . January 27 th .
Rochdale Factory Operatives. A Public Me...
ROCHDALE FACTORY OPERATIVES . A public meeting was held on the 23 rd ult ., in the Chartist Room , Yorkshire-street , for the purpose of giving a report in connexion vfirh J . Scholefield , manufacturer , and his hands , who have been for twenty-seven weeks on ( strike at Littleborough ; and also to show to factory workers the necessity of joining the present union , and making it an indissoluble ami consolidated union of all branches of fictory operatives . The meeting was addressed by Samuel Cryer , Isaac Newton , and Edward Kershaw . James Greenwood occupied the chair . They all spoke for a considerable time , enumerating the grievances between themselves and Mr . Soholefield
in energetic tones , calling upon those who had not joined the union to do so , and defend their fellow workers in their present struggle against the unjust aggressions of tbeir master . Mr . Ambrose Tomlinson descanted on the effects of reduction after reduction , showing how these reductions had operated on them physically , mentally , and morally . He commenced with the year of Arkwright's invention ofthe spinning frame , and showed how , after each reduction , year by year , that the means of subsistence had been pared down ; and that in the same proportion crime and immorality had increased , He also gave an elaborate description of tbe failures
of past unions , showing that it was the isolated system that had failed , and that a consolidated union alone could prove successful amongst factory operatives , and that factory workers should have one general scale of prices , so _tbatmanufacturera might meet each other in the market on an equal footing , and concluded by an appeal to them to join the union , and to support the men and women now on strike at Littleborough , A strong agitation in favour of this union is likely to bo the result . Young Tomlinson was _acked if he could attend and give his assistance _^ Mure meetings ; he consented when disengaged to do so ; and we know of none that could be of greater service . Yours truly , _StJTCMFFB CiUBIBEB ,
Tub Ensuing Session Of Parliament.—At He...
Tub Ensuing Session of Parliament . —At he commencement of the ensuing session , on Tuesday next , the statute passed in June last , entitled , "An actforshortening tbeLanguage used in Actsot Parliament , " will takeeffect . It is expected that considerable improvements willbe made in futureacts , both in the phraseology , and _intheomisstonof _clauseswhich have hitherto appeared in such things . Acts are to be divided into sections without any introductory words . Where any act is referred to , it shall be sufficient to cite the year of the reign , chapter , and section .. In future acts certain words wliich now
appear in interpretation clauses , importing the masculine gender , are to include females , and the plural the singular , & c . Repealed acts are not to be revived in virtue of the repeal of the repealing statute . Repealed provisions of any act are to remain in force until the substituted provisions come into force . All acts are to be deemed public acts , unless the contrary is declared . This act ( 13 Yict ; , cap . 21 ) is to commence and take effect from and immediately after the commencement of tbe next session of parliament . There are eight short sections in the new act .
Temporary Augmentation of mie Police Force . —Within the Jast few days the Executive Com mittee of the Great Exhibition have been in communication with tbe Commissioners of the Metro * politan Police , relative to a force necessary to preserve the peace in the neighbour-rod ot the Exhibition at the time of its opening and during its continuance , although a vast number of the _superanuated constables bave received orders to do duty on that occasion . On Wednesday the commissioners intimated their intention to augment the force by _addinzflOflmen . who will be employed for twelve
months only . Those men will perform duty at the various police stations in lieu of the A or reserved force , and the latter , with the detective men , will be stationed in and about the Exhibition _Building . The additional men employed will have the preference of joining the force as vacancies may occur instead of taking fresh hands . There are at present engaged at the building under ex-Superinte dent Murray of the M division , and _ex-Inspeoters _HornBby and Fraud , who have charge of the building until the 7 tb of March , when they will receive the assistance of the other constables who may be appointed under them , -
The Charter Organisation . Lj _^ A Publi...
THE CHARTER ORGANISATION . __^ A public meeting , called by the -Executive , wai held on Monday evening , at the Brit _' sh Institution , ¦ _Cowper-sticet , City-road . The attendance was very numerous , thc _' immeiise room being crowded . At _e-ght o ' clock Mr . Le Blond was culled tothet chair and was received with loud applause , as werd 1 also the members of the Executive who were pre * sent . r Tho Chairman said he was proud to see so large ? an assembl y at that , the third public meeting held I tne tu Pre _? ent Executive . On their election t _* office they had to contend with great anathv : bufi { THE CHARTER ORGANISATION . , _J"" _^ I ——— C 5 » * _i—&> _ —jr _jp
the meetings they had held , and the practic ' il de _* i monstration of support which they had received , proved that the Chartist public was awakening front its slumber . It was not so much the amount of the ! subscriptions they received as the number of _pcrsowf from whom they received it , which gave him con ** fidence ; it wa 3 numbers united in one great _i-ffortj ' that the government dreaded ; ho implored them to > avoid all bickerings or denunciation of other classes ' and strive to give utterance to their sentiments in firm , but moderate language ; it was by such means * and not by _antagonism , that their cause would be made to succeed . - v Mr . Holyoake moved the first resolution— " Tha . _X > as class _antagonism , gross anomalies , and mon- . N , _strous inequalities are tbe results of the preseni -.
system of legislation , and being fully confident that ! , the only means whereby the system can be removed , ( and tho condition of the toiling masses politically elevated , and their social rights ensured , is hy _thd enactment of the People ' s Charter ; this meeting , . therefore declares its dct- _'rniination to agitate until that measure i 9 recognised as the law of the land . '' ' I One great effort of the Charter would be there * . moval of antagonism , which waB so muoh ' timeloatS , . _; ' _..,, _' . to ; the | o _ _use _'; ; . of progress . It would ' _- Tequire' _liufe !\ : _¦;& . ' ] little ; argument to show _tbatfi-BchA mea ' sure . _as th _*' . _^ _t _? i People ' s "' Charter : ' was necessary _.- _' _^ In ' . ' . no _^ . ' age ' biR ' . '' _- '''"''' country were any class of men to be found , howevee ¦"" " - ' honest , who were fit to be entrusted with the government of the people , unless goided by certain rules ' , *
and restrained by certain " -hecks . If the representatives were elected by the people it would nofc only be a duty , but a necessity , on _theirparfc , to attend to the interests of tho people . Their . oppon ' eritj objected to their being entrusted Iwjth the * franchise , on the ground that their ignorance prevented them from being capable _^ jurigesi & f tbe complicated interests of a great nation . The great } quality of the Charter was . that , from self-interest , all classes would be interested in tho spread of knowledge and the education of the- people . A 6 present , whether the interests of the people wero attended to or nofc was a matter of chance , left entirely to the good feelings and moral consciousness ! of their representatives . The Charter would maker ifc tbe interest of those who governed to _consulfc the interest of the governed . They must have oneeye to the effect of their agitation on other classes * Olio groat test of their devotion to their principles !
was tne funds _th-y subscribed towards carrying tliose doctrines into practice . In a good organisation nothing should be left to chance ; they must bo able to calculate npon the agency they could apply , and then they would be able to ascertain with something like certainty the probable result . There waa a great moral dignity about democracy . The man who comprehended its principles was elevated abovo the man who did not . It inspired men with a true notion of self-respect , and they so mouhled their conduct as to be worthy of tho character and tho duties td which they aspired . When the great body ofthe Chartists fully appreciated these sentiments their demands must be conceded to them , becuusa their fitness for the rights they demanded could no longer be denied . It was for these and similar reasons that he had so readily entered into tho agitation for the Charter . Mr . Holyoake , after other remarks , sat down loudly cheered .
Mr . Bezer seconded the resolution . He believed that the present Executive meant to do their duty , and if their agitation was again a partial failure ( for liberty could not fail ) , he believed it would be tha fault of the people , and not of their appointed head The speaker concluded amid much applause . The resolution was then put to tbe meeting , and carriod unanimously . Mr . Brisck , in an effective speech , moved a vote of confidence in the Executive , and called upon tho meeting to render them effective support . Mr . Elliott ably seconded the motion . Mr . Jones , who on rising was received with tremendous applause , stated that he should more particularly direct their attention to the subject of tho
first resolution . It propounded the first rudiments of democracy . What did democracy mean ? Itmeant the right of every man to govern himself , so _lon | : as he did not injure his neighbour . With this * limitation , it meant the right of the mnjority to rule . " Oh , " cried the ignorant and timid , " Tha majority would rule badly . " Let us reason . Vt hy ? What is the motive impulse of man's nature ? Self interest . A man takes most care of himself and hist own interest . What was the ostensible object o £ government ? The greatest possible good ' to ihe greatest possible number . Then it followed thafc the greatest possible number should be allowed to > take care of themselves . That - was democracy _. But had they sufficient knowledge to choose what
was for their own . good ? For democracy itself would be only an evil if its laws were not based oa justice and on wisdom . What did history teach them ? What states were the most prosperous , Persia , under its tyrants , or Greece under its democracy ? Rome with its plebeians , or Rome beneath its Emperors ? Spain with its kings , or Holland with its senators ? England with its Stuarts " , or England with its Puritans ? America with its * Republic , or Greafc Britain with its Monarchy ? Who were the men fit to rule—the bishops , who opposed emancipation , or the people who enforced it ? The Peers who resisted reform , or the working men who carried it ? The landlords who combatted Free Trade , or the ' people who combined for it ?
The poor who practised temperance , or tho rich who only praised it ? Who deserved power—the men . who were idle , or the men who did the work ? The men who pocket , or the men who pay ? But cry they " The world has always been thus—democracy is something new . " Democracy " . _vas older than their nobilities . Men existed before kings wero crowned , and pulses bounded before chains weroforged . But , again , the timid cry " Democracy , " means anarchy ! Look when the mob has been left loose what horrors it has committed . Nine-tenths of man ' s atrocities had been inflicted by the high born and enlightened , " the noble and the religious . If we are pointed to the criminals among the poor in the present day , can we not point to
criminals among the rich ? How many Sloanes , op llaynaus were to be counted in its ranks ? And what were the temptations of the rich compared to those of the poor ? Was the rich lady forced to go upon the streets from the pangs of hunger ? Waa the high-born child obliged to steal for food ? Waa the wealthy trader obliged to forge or rob to sustain life ? No ; but ho forges and he robs , and _yefc he goes unpunished . If you deny a man bread , you may possibly deny him what he has not earned . But if you deny him work , you deny him thafc to which he has a claim . What good would democracy do them ? It would enable them to cry " stop thief " . to the privileged robber , and to re » claim their own . Let them ask themselves these
simple questions : —Will the man who lives on taxation lessen taxe 3 ? Wdl the man who lives on tithes do away with tithes ? Will the man who lives by the army do away with war ? Will the man who lives by the Church do away with simony ; or ha who lives on usury abolish the National Debt ? Would the men who lived on sinecures do away with class rule ? Would the men who lived oa gross ignorance give them education , or those who profitted by their weakness , give them the franchise ? Common sense must convince tbem that these men would not commit such political and social suicide—they would not help to destroy their own prerogatives . What they wanted done they must do for themselves . The only help they would get beyond that would be from the poorer portion of the middle class , whom poverty would _forca against their will to join them . The privileged united to crush them , and they must unite to crush
the privileged . " The oppressed against the oppre 83 or , must be the motto of their creed . When they obtained the Charter , they must destroy threo monopolies—those of land , machinery , and money—* tbe nationalisation of land would destroy tbe first ; the co-operation of labour would destroy the second ; these two wonld weaken the third , and prepare tha way for man ' s commonwealth . The Charter was but the first step . The trumpet that sounded itsj victory would but blow the onset to the battle . Mr . Jones then went into the best means of im proving tbe organisation , and alludod to the assembling ofthe Manchester Conference , and concluded amid « reat applause . The resolution was carried unanimously . A voto of thanks was given to the Chairman , and the meeting dissolved . A considerable number of members were en « rolled , and a good collection received at the doors .
The Royal Mam»Es.—Daring The Fancy Dress...
The Royal Mam » es . —Daring the fancy dress ball , held in connexion with the Royal Western Yacht'Club , Lieutenant Hutchinson is reported to have made somo observation to Captain Britton to the effect thafc his wife was " flirting , " that Capt . Britton resented the use of such a word in reference to his wife , and that the consequence was an altercation and a kicking down the assembly-room stairs . The consequence has been a court of inquiry , and the placing of Lieutenant Hutchinson under arrest , and a court-martial is to be held to try the lieutenant . Exhibition of 1831 . —Her Majesty ' s CommiS sionera have decided , in order to prepare for tha reception of foreign goods in the ensuing week , that the public must be altogether excluded frona _visiting the building after Monday next , the 3 rd ol _Fahi-jary .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 1, 1851, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_01021851/page/1/
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