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„*!K—p—¦——t --mmmtt mmkmmmamm Taonxas cooper,ths ca&KTisT-a WORKS.
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THE NORTHERN ¦ SHTAR. SATURDAY, MAY 2, lfHsY . '
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THE TEN HOURS'BILL. Frost 1833 to- 183D ...
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THE TRADES' CONFERENCE. STRIKE OF TIIE B...
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"PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. Tub Irish. Curfew...
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Cq &Mrv8 sc Cor«0pmtfjents
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Bolton.—The Chartists and Land Society M...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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„*!K—P—¦——T --Mmmtt Mmkmmmamm Taonxas Cooper,Ths Ca&Ktist-A Works.
_„*! _K—p—¦——t _--mmmtt mmkmmmamm _Taonxas cooper , ths _ca _& _KTisT-a WORKS .
Ad00409
To be had of John Cleave , and all booksellers . ( Price One Shilling . ) TWO ORATIONS 10 ALVBT
Ad00410
A WOOD FIT * _WARRANTliO . UBSM 3 LL AND CO ., Tailors , are now makingupa complete Suit of Superfine Black any size , for £ 3 ; Superfine West of England Black , £ S 10 b . ; and the _vei-y best Superfine Saxony , A _warranteo not to spot o , change colour . - _JnveuUe Superfine Cloth Suits , 24 s . ; _ItiverieseqaaUy cheap—atthe Great Western Emporium , _ifos . l and 2 , Oxford-street , London ; the noted house fur good black cloths , and patent made trousers . Gentlemen can choose tbe colour and quality of cloth from the largest stock in London . ho ar t of cutting taught .
Ad00411
TO TAILORS . Now ready , THB LONDON and PARIS _SPRINft and SUMMER FASHIONS , for 1846 . By approbation of her Majesty Queen Victoria , and his Royal _Highness-Priaci Albert , a splendidly coloured print , beautifully executed , published by BENJAMIIT BEAD and Co ., 12 , flartrtreet _, _Bloomsbury-square , London ; and 6 . Brrger , Holywell-street , Strand , London . Sold by the publishers aud all booksellers , wheresoever residing . This superb Print will be accompanied with full size Riding Dress and Frock Coat patterns , a complete pattern of the new
Ad00412
DAGTJRREOTYPE ANB * _CALOTYPE . THE APPARATUS , LENS , CHSMICALS , PLATES CASES , and every other _articK-nsed in making and mounting the above can be had of I . Egerton _, Nol , Temple-street , Whitefriars , London , _descriptive Catalogues _siratis . LEREBOFBS * celebrated ACHROMATIC TRIPLET LENSES for the MICROSCOPE , sent'to any part of the country at the following prices : —Deep'Power , 60 s , ; Low Power , 25 s . Every article warranted .
Ad00413
EMIGRATION TO SOUTH _AUSTRALIA . FREE PASSAGE . THE UNDEBSIGXED ARE AUTHORISED BY HER _HAJESTTS COLONIAL LAND'AND EMIGRATION COMMISSIONERS TO GRANT A FREE PASSAGE to the above eminently healthy , and prosperous Colony , to married Agricultural Labourers , Shepherds , Male and Female Domestic and Farm Servants , Bricklayers , Carpenters . Masons , Smiths , and'Miners . The demand for Labour in South Australia ia urgent , and is well remunerated in wages , provisions , lodging , < S : c . All particulars will be furnished on application , personally , or by letter , to JOHN _MARSH . 3 LL & CO ., 26 , Birchin-lane , London ; 79 , High-street , Southampton ; or at the Emigration Depot , Plymouth .
Ad00414
LABOUR'S EMANCIPATION FROM CAPITALIST TYRANNY . "The _working classes must resolve no longer to be the slaves of their own gains , but to become their own Masters . "— IRKiam Hoiritt . THE " STRONG BOOT AND SHOE" MAKERS , " in the employment of Mr . Kendall , ofDrury-hme , & c .,. were , by a' most gross exercise of the- mnster- power deprived of their usual means of existence , merely because they declined _assenting to such terms , dictated to tliein , under peculiar aggravating circumstances , by Mr . Kendall _, ns none ofier than slaves or fools could a < -ccde to .. Wrong and Insult will uot , however ,, in this _instance , triumph over persecuted industry . The injustice _perpetrated hy Mr . Kendall , ani the consequent wretchedness , scarcely short of starvation _, endured by a numerous body of workmen , aud their families , baring been communicated to the President _( T . S . _Dum-ombe , Esq ., M . P . ) arid Directors of the "United _Tradi-s' Association for tbe employment of Labour . Ac , " they immediately resolved upon rescuing these men from oppression , and placing them in a far better position than they before . held . . . . _
Ad00415
_VORTHER-K AND SOUTHERN CONNECTING i \ RAILWAY . The Managing Committee ha-, e much _pleasure iu infoi'iniuit the Sharchol lcrs that their Bill has nassed tlie Standing Orders Committee . _v w . JEXKIVS , Secretary . 71 , King William Street , April 28 , 1810 .
Ad00416
MUSIC FOR THE MANY . THF MUSICAL HERALD , edited by an eminent Writer A Xew . l _' _a'i ., die : il , containing four quarto . aces ofselect music , and _fiiurof entertaining andinstruetive Mus . eal Liter-tare , will he _publ-shed on the Second of Mav , an . l _ew-ry _siu-ceediug week , for the small charge of _Twopesce Notwithstanding its unprecedented cheapness , all _loveis of music are invited to inspect this Specimen ot a no . v Era . To be had of all BoukseUers . Tiiis ii another step towards the promotion ot a musical taste in tiiis colllltrv Which deserve geiu-ral _enocurogement . The Music is both beautiful and correct .
Ad00417
THOMAS . BUNCOMBE , ESQ ., M . P . - PmcE ; Sixpence , THE SPLENDID _PORTRAIT of this tried Frierid _' of bis Country , presented some time ago with the "Northern Star' ? Isinow . offered for sale at the above price . . It was originally published by his friends , and admirers , and sold at One Guinea . ' _, A . H . was not aware that any of the above stock ' remained on hand , but a few having been accidentally misplaced he nows offers them for public competition . Abel Heywood , ' 58 , Oldhamstreet , Manchester , and all Booksellers .
Ad00418
SMALL FARMS , 2 ibw Ready , price 2 s . 6 d ., cloth , A PRACTICAL WORK ON THE MANAGEMENT OF SMALL FARMS , by F . O'Connor , Esq . Manchester : Abel Heywood , 58 , Oldham-street ; J . Watson , Queen ' s Head . passage , Paternoster-row ; •>• Cleave , Shoe . lane , Flect . _street , London , and all Boottsellcrs .
Ad00419
WISDOM AND CHEERFULNESS . _fTlHE FAMILY HERALD . —Parts 85 and 3 G , of this I popular and interesting literary miscellany , price only Sixpence eacli , contain Malina Gray , by Mrs . Stephens ; The Lady Helen , Valeric , or the Young Italian , The Selfish Wife , The Sleep Walker , by Zyschokke ; La Vendetta or the Feud , by Babyac ; Uncle John and bis Nephew , Alonzo and Zamora , The Professor ' s Daughter , and several Other , _charminff tales , with a variety of useful , moral , entertaining and instructive reading for the intelligent and reflecting of all classes . Everybody reads the FAMILY HERALD , the most universal favourite ever published , and just the kind of periodical for whiling away a leisure moment agreeably and profitably . To be had ot * all Booksellers . With No . 107 , ( the commencement of a new volume ) will be presented GRATIS , the first number of the MUSICAL HERALD , containing eight 4 to . pages of Music , and Musical Literature .
Ad00420
LABOUR'S WRONGS AND LABOUR'S REMEDIES Bv J . F . Bbat _. Price , cloth , 26 . i Paper , Is . ° d .. _ An able Treatise on t lle Production and Distribution of Wealth : which , in these times of co-operation , combinations for builiin- 's , and allotments , ought to be read by all . for it concerns all . _' Published by David Green , 1 GG , Briggate , Leeds ; anu SnMby Clark , _Wai-wick . lane _, London ; Heywood , Man . _( Aestcr ; and all other Booksellers .
The Northern ¦ Shtar. Saturday, May 2, Lfhsy . '
THE NORTHERN _¦ _SHTAR . SATURDAY , MAY 2 , _lfHsY . '
The Ten Hours'bill. Frost 1833 To- 183d ...
THE TEN HOURS ' BILL . Frost 1833 to- 183 _D was a period wrthin which Wlii ' irtreachery had done more for the cause of democracy in this country than ever the _staunchest advocates of that principle could of themselves effect . The detestation nf She Whi ' _gs-nad become _ao general and confirmed that the mind * of the country by de' _irrees ; became radicaF .. In the * year 1838 , so strong had'this increasing feeling become , that it sought a manifestation of its strength in a-national _representation ; and so motley , pjebaW ; and heterogeneous was tlie character ofthatrep ' resentation , that , had it not been for the strength of ' the principle itself , the cause and progress of democracy must have fallen a _f-aerifico to- the wiles and * _machihationa of its- pretended friends . A section of trie "Birmingham rump , who _had'Inug tampered with publie opinion and ' _liyed upon public confidence ; a-Knot of Cobbettites- whoi wero as unlike tbeir leader as a horse-chesnut _ia-to a che' _-nut _^ _horse ; and a clique-of the _TLondoh working men Whig hunters ; together with a sprinkling of individual freebooters , a species of camp followers , had'beoome part and parcel of the-national representation . Each of those _sectionsba'd its moving power
outside . Attwood ruled the Birmingham _, rump . The _barter-newspaper , a weak , trashy _things , edited by the physical force Carpkktbb , and controlled by the Whig hunters ' professed' -to _<* be the ' , goyerhment of that section , while WHiTTLBi with his Champion , contended for a spurious _Cobbettism _* _-.. The camp followers acted upon the independent principle—every man for himself : "The Lord-Jove ye , we are all for ourselves in this world . " A part y thus constructed , with _& 9 M Q TO BE SPENT , was not calculated to inspire the country with confidence , or to give . _strength te a cause . And however it may have escaped the recollection of the heedless , the anxiety that we felt during the long reign of this
patchwork Parliament ha » not , nor is likely , to escape our memory . For eight months our mind was upon one continuous strain , to devise means for lessening the evil of the threatened danger , until at length we were fortunately relieved by the exhaustion of tbe exchequer . Now precisely the same difficulties stand in tbe way of the Ten Hours * Bill movement that stood in the way of the Chartist movement . Men have joined in it who have no earthly interest or concern in the question beyond the amount of individual benefit that they can eke out of it : and hence , after two years , we how find it transformed from a gigantic monster , threatening Ministerial existence , to a pigmy dwarf , against which the Home Secretary wages war wilh confidence ,
As to Mr . Fislbrn ' s conduct , it is above censure , and deserving of all praise . His support is too generous , his arguments are too convincing , home , and unanswerable , to leave the slightest impression of indifference , or to convey the notion that he , at least , has enlisted in the cause for any party or personal purpose . Not so , however , with the ruling body , whose last instructions to their delegates we here publish : — INSTRUCTIONS TO DELEGATES . 1 st . —The object for which they aro sent to London is , to represent to the Members of _Parliament the wants and wishes of the Factory Workers of Lancashire , and are therefore to promote by every means in their power the passing of the Ten Hours'Bill . :.
2 nd . —In no ease are they to represent to Members of Parliament , - or any other persons , thnt the ; working classes will bo satisfied with any measure short of an efficient Ten Hours'Bill . 3 rd . —Should the Ten Hours' clause be lost , the Delegates are to assist in the passing of any measure which limits the hours of labour in _factories , . 4 th . —Their business shall be to canvass Members each day , until thi * Committee shall deem it right , by the advice ot Bord Ashley , Mr , J , Fieldcn , Mr . 0 . _Hindley , anil Mr . J . Biotberton , to recall them .
• 5 th , —They shall put themselves under the control of Lord A-hley , Mr . J . Fielden , Mr . C . Hiudley , and Mr . J . _BrothertonH in all matters that may arise during their stay in London , and should any overtures be made to them by the Government , or any other party , they shall , before accepting them , take the advice of those four individuals , aud , if practicable , that of this Committee and the Districts .- ¦ ' _- ';¦* V Sih . —In no case shall the Delegates mix ' with any political movement , nor identify themselves with any other movement whatever , which bas not for itsobjeit the shortening the hours of factory labour .
" tli . —Thata book be kept by the Delegates in which tbe proceedings of each day shall he duly entered , noting all particular circumstances thnt may transpire , which book shall be returned to this Committee , and published , _ifnecossary . 8 th . —That a letter be sent every morning from the Delegates to this Committee , giving a full and accurate account of the day ' s proceedings ( Sundays excepted ) . ' - _3 ih . —That each Delegate write to his respective District at least twice a week during his stay in London . Let U 3 now ask if any man with a particle of sense can read the third of those instructions , and then read the assurance of Mr . _Aikswobtu , who seconded Mr . Fiklden ' s motion , without coming to ) the conclusion that the short time committee has
betrayed its trust . That honourable member _expressed a hopo that "THE PROPOSITION
WOULD BE ADOPTED WHICH HAD BEEN HELD OUT BY TH E OPERATIVES , THATA COMPROMISE SIIOULD BE COME TO ; AND THAT THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD ADOPT THE TERM OF ELEVEN HOURS AND
THAT SO AN ARRANGEMENT MIGHT BE COME TO WHICH WOULD BE SATISFACTORY TO ALL PARTIES . " Now , in the name of the Short Time Committee—and they must and shall answer the question—and in the name of the operatives , we ask if they are consenting parties to this compromise ? It they arc not , public opinion will compel them to speak out within the fortnight's breathing time allowed ; if tliey arc , public opinion will compel them to abandon a position wliich they are not fitted to maintain . We nave a right to entertain the opinion that the Short Time Committee has joined in this compromise , but we have no right to entertain tlie opinion that the operatives are
parties to lt . Had our advice been followed , when Lord Ashley _fiiStsiirrendei'idhis vantage ground to ministerial threat and convenience , Mr . Fielden and thc question would have occupied a much better position now , And had the friends of the measure still put "Nn Compromise" upon « s ' tr banners , Sir James Graham
The Ten Hours'bill. Frost 1833 To- 183d ...
would not have changed his anxious hope that the masters and operatives themselves , would come to an amicable arrangement upon a subject , the importance of which he was free to confess , into open opposition to the measure . V 7 e rather incline to Sir Jambs _Grahim ' _s version of the result , than to that of Tht Tints , Sir Jambs argues that the inevitable consequence must be a reduction in the hours of adult labour ; The Times , upon the other hand , contends that the question is only meant to affect the labour of women and children . If such were the case , and if no other result were to
follow , we should still contend for the measure . But it is because we see the _^ inevitable effect that the measure must have upon adult as well as infant and woman ' s labour , that we hail it as the realisation ofthe great principle of restriction—the extensive r that we have ever taken of the measure . We shall now direct attention to the grounds upon which masters , free-traders , and political economists base their opposition . Firstly , philanthropy compels them to oppose the measure , because the snortenJn < r the hours of labour must necessarily entail a reduction of wages . Secondly , the operation of
manufacturing the same amount of goods with a limited number of hands will either entail the expense of additional machinery , or else the masters will be compelled to produce one-sixth less than their present amount . Thirdly , there is a fear lest the operation ofthe measure might compel the owners of capital to seek more-unfettered markets for speculation . . Now , upon the first point , we hold , with Mr . Gardner and others who have tried the experiment , that the produce often hours ' labour , of activeenergetic , labour , is more remunerative to the employer than twelve hours slothful , sluggish ,
exhausted , tired drudgery . The- day ' s labour _'' oes not aDDly to the . day ' s work only . It applies to the week . to . the year _: yea . to the * , verv life -. of man . I * will not do to say that ten hours-of the twelve hours labour is as good" as the sole ten hbure' labour , and that the two houra additional is so much profit to the muster and _advantage to the operative . The man who works sixty hours in the weel _* : wilT have done more work and better work , " and will be fresher for his" Monday ' s work , than the man who has worked
seventy-two hours _hrSheweek . He-will be younger at 6 _" 0 y upon ten hours' work , than at 40 * upon twelVe hours'work . Apart from _tnis- arithmstica ' calculation , all the _best feelings of our- nature * step in and ' rebel against thenotion of a woman who shall have the _charse of a _family , and her infant of 13 _years-of age , being compelled prematurely to exhaust nature-incompliance with the arrangements neces . sary for the government of an unbridled' licentious system ;
Secondly , we know of no * limitation to t " ae expen > diture of capitalists , in preparing machinery to maRe profit , and we know of no- greater benefit that the state eould * confer upon reckless ' speculators thanplacing a ? limit to production ' , the surplus' of whichconstitutes their most dangerous competition . Fivesixths of " cue present amount-of GOOD . manufacture _* would produce more money and leave larger profits than what is now realised upon the whole of the national rubbish , and would go- far to rescue- Hie mercantile character of England' from thatr odium in which it ia Held throughout the civilised world ! _.
Thirdly ' , there is ho danger of our leviathan capitalists seeking other climes for the expenditure * of their capital , and for the simple reason tHat'in no part of the known world would they find ' so extensive a shivery to be preyed upon as they have created in this H'APPY ENGLAND : Apart from these considerations , we have the answer of those whore interests are at Btake , and it is nt oog & conclusive and unanswerable- . They say that they are prepared to relieve their wives from a life of eternal drudgery , and their infants from a life of _unrem-itting slavery , at the hazard- of the threat
ened reduction of wages . This nobfe declaration upon the part of the men is irresistible , unless indeed the system requires a nation of slaves to prop it . Let us now analyse Mr . _FrsEDEif ' s simple and irrefutable arguments , and let it be borne in mind that Mr . FiiaBEN has written more ably and spoken more forcibly upon "this question than any man living , added to which he is amongst the largest , if not the most extensive _. ' manufaeturers in the kingdom . Mr . Fielden says that he aiid his family have made their wealth by manufactures—that he and
his brothers are still enaaged in the trade—that . he ! employs from two to three thousands hands—that nine factory bills interfering with labour have been passed , from each of which in turn ruin to the _masw ter was foretold—that in the face of this bill , which must pass , and which threatens inevitable annihilation to the trade , he is bringing up his children in the same walk—that he has an interest in their interest ; and for his own interest , his brother ' s interest , his children ' s interest , the interest of his hands , of his country and his order , he feels himself bound to support a Ten Hours'Bill .
What sophistry can a fox-hunting , place-hunting , landlord Home Secretary oppose to this plain and simple reasoning / other than that he is the hired tool ofa class p owerful in capital and supreme in representation ; What sophistry can Mr . Mark Phillips , a wholesalehaberdasUerofManchester _. offertothisplain and simple reasoning . True , he tells us that the experiment has been made and failed : but this places the question upon the simple issue of a man [ producing as much in ten hours as in twelve hours , He
does not see that ** that may fail as an experiment , " which may succeed as a system . ' He does not understand , that the vices of the general syateiii have of themselves defeated _experiments made upon the principle . He does not understand that the philanthropic experimentalist is subjected to all the casualties of a vicious competition , which a Ten Hours Bill alone can destroy , by _equalizing the number of hours and placing all upon an equality in the competitive market .
This conscientious haberdasher fears that his conscientious vote may deprive him of the confidence of his supporters , while he knows well that a truckling subserviency to their will and interest alone induces him to give that vote . We are satisfied to test the question by ballot , and we undertake to say tbat there will be few silent votes of Englishmen recorded for the voluntary perpetuation of their own and their family ' s slavery . _Asain , then , we call upon the men of England , the women of England , and the children of England to shake off and purge themselves of the damning sin of willing slavery , sought to be branded
upon them by the third instruction given by THEIR Committee to THEIR Delegates . The time is come when the Trades , the working class , without distinction , the payers of poors' rates , police rates , taxes , and legal expences , when tho shopkeepers and peaceable inhabitants who have an interest in peace and tranquillity _. must unite , one and all , in the assertion of the great principles of restriction of labour and equitable distribution . The time is coming tbat Lord John Russell will be compelled to admit , that what is necessary for tho comparatively idle shop boy is indispensable for the over-worked _slaye—the unprotected mill operative .
In conclusion , we trust that the ten days' breathing time yet allowed , will be used for the profitable purpose of strengthening the hands of Mr . Fielden , and that tho operatives , seeing the manner that they have been juggled , deluded , and cheated by the governing body , will set up business upon their own account , upon the assurance , and with the conviction , that if their work is to be done THEY MUST DO IT FOR THEMSELVES .
The Trades' Conference. Strike Of Tiie B...
THE TRADES' CONFERENCE . STRIKE OF TIIE BUILDING TRADES . ' There ' s nothing like leather , " Again we turn to the all-important consideration of Labour ' s struggle for justice . We call especial attention to the advertisement of the _shoemakers dismissed from Mr . Kendall ' s employ , _announcing the cheering intelligence that they have at length discovered the practical mode of meeting their mas-
The Trades' Conference. Strike Of Tiie B...
ters _oppression . _' We shall have much more to say oii this subject hereafter , and ihaJJ , for the present , merely comment upon what , under the circumstances , becomes the duty of the labouring classes ;; The principal boot and shoemakers in . London send the stuff , when cut , put to Stafford or Northampton , and to many more distant towns , from which they receive the boots and shoes when made . Of course , lower
rents , _low-ir taxes , cheaper food , and an abstinence from metropolitan gaiety , * enables the country journeyman to work at a lower rate of wages . But , if the masters are enabled to undergo the expense Of double . transit , and still make a profit , surely a combination of working men can incur the expense of one transit , and leave a more becoming remuneration than that which the masters' regulations now permit .
If , therefore , this first move' in the right direction should fail , it will justify the masters in increasing their oppression , and justify the world in increasing its denunciation against the working classes them selves . We may be told that master boot and shoe makers can only take advantage of this traffic requiring double transit , by being able to measure their customers , and sending the cut-out work to be made in the country , and that , therefore , the traffic ofthe . National Boot and Shoe Depot will be limited to that sphere within which they could measure their customers ., This , however , is a fallacy , as . there are two modes of meeting the presumed difficulty : — ......
Firstly , The Association may have a measuring shoemaker in every town in the kingdom , who might act as corresponding secretary , and send up the mea . sure of those who were particular as to fit . Secondly , If the Association were sufficiently wealthy , they might furnish the required supply of _re-wly . made boots and shoes to the several towns in tbe kingdom , where there -was likelihood or promise of support ; bufthey' must '; be ' guarded upon two points V firstly ; the funds must be _INDISPUTABLY
AND * SATISFACTORILY PROTECTED AND ACCOUNTED FOR ; and secondly , the very best article-must be supplied , at such a profit as will secure the stability of the Association ; and if those two indispensable objects are systematically attended to , kept in view , and acted upon ; there is no earthly reason why the National Boot and Sho _& Depot should not become the most extensive manufactory of the kind in the kingdom . .
For ourselves we shall wear NO OTHER MANUFACTURE '' so long aswe are fairly served ; while we shall become active-canvassers for the patronage and support of our friends ; Thus we strengthen the bond by our mite , and if all who have- a ' greater interest than ourselves fn the success of the project will act upon . the . same principle , this branch of labour will be for ever _^ Beewed against the inroads of capital . It will'riot do , however , for the multitude to argue after tlie pld fashion , that , as , so many wfll deal with the association-, their custom will be useless : -such indifference has been the rock upon which every trades" movement , every political movement , and ' every popular movement has split . V
We now turn to the still more important , because immediately pressing , question ofthe strike of the building trades-in Lancashire . It appears that the men are resolute and _determined , and we are told by the Liverpool Times , that , the master builders of Manchester have _imported , a number of "" knobsticks" from- Plymouth and Devonport , via Liver pool . We are also told ! that these intruders weTe met on their landing at the Clarence Dock by the piquets of the unionists ,, and that notwithstanding the closest vigilance of the police some of the _picquets contrived to pop a slip oi paper into the hand of one
of the strangers , which contained the following words— " You _* - _^ - — blacks , your fate is sealed : you will be havocked and murdered . " We heed not assert that this threatening notice was the production of one of those masters belonging to the building trade , who had a long interview with Sir James Graham on Saturday last , and who no doubt presented th horrible death warrant to the astonished gaze of the advocate of the Masters and Servants' * Bill . We are further informed that the strike has been much protracted in consequence of the Liverpool Dock
Trustees having a large number of men in their employment , most of whom are contributors to the funds of the union : and we are further informed that on Thursday week the trustees came to a resolution to give notice to seventy of their men who acknowledged to being unionists that their services would not be further repired _, unless they ceased to belong to that body . And we arc still further informed that the'Birkenhead _'DockC ommissioners expressed their ' _readiness to . ' suspend their works provided the Liverpool Dock Trustees did the same .
Let' us now in fairness ask who are chargeable with violation of the law , and with direct and palpable tyranny ; the men who have a legal right to apply their earnings as they please , and who apply them to the politic , praiseworthy , and creditable purpose of supporting their . brethren in the struggle for the freedom of their trade , or the Trustees ofthe Clarence Dock and the Commissioners of the Birkenhead Dock , who tyrannically obey the mandates of the masters ' union and unjustly dismiss from their employ men who have violated neither contract , bond , nor law ? Will this , or will it not , teach the w . orkiiig classes that the masters , strong in government countenance , powerful in their union , supreme
in representation , commanding in capital , and holding the terror ofthe law over their bondsmen , can only be resisted by a union equally confiding , equally strong , equally unanimous , equally determined , and equally unbending as their oppressors . For ourselves we hope speedily , with the consent of pur brother directors , to set a large number of the building trades nearer to Manchester than London to work and while Commissioners and Trustees , master bullies and tyrants , make , the act of belonging to a union a disqualification to labour or live , the required qualification by us shall be proof that tbe applicant belongs to the union of his trade , and that he has paid up , or will allow us out of his first receipts to pay up , his
arrears . Whenever the working men are prepared to resist that species of grinding tyranny to which they have so long tamely submitted , they will find hosts of backers springing up to aid and comfort them , but while they passively submit to every degradation that whim , necessity , or caprice may impose upon them , they will fail to possess more sympathy than is due to destitution , or more comfort than arises from pity . It appears that the old practice of idlo beggars quartering themselves upon trade necessity is beingputintoactiveoperation , and that many scamps
representing themselves as collectors on behalf of the men on strike are making a begging tour . Now , in the name of common sense , are the building trades so destitute or so deficient in the art of management as not to have selected proper persons , supplied with books bearing the stamp ofthe Union , also giving notice that none others are authorised to receive contributions . One consolation is , that the time for holding the Trades' Conference is not fardistant , and that those who have so nobly struggled so long will
still persevere , despite all danger , until they learn the course to be proposed by the directing body , and to be decided upon by their representatives . Again expressing a hope that we shall hear of an active agitation from the present to the time of holding thi Conference , and that the assembly will consiBt of delegates of probity , character and wisdom , we conclude for the present with a reiteration of our belief _, that the next gathering will be a representation ol the democracy of labour , and not the more _whining of its former aristocratic controllers .
"Parliamentary Review. Tub Irish. Curfew...
"PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . Tub Irish . Curfew Bill has not passed its firstread- ! in ? at the time of ouv writing . The debate _wat again adjourned on Monday night , and is expected . -whether correctly or not we cannot say , to be con , eluded on Friday night , * SYhether it will ever * ad-
"Parliamentary Review. Tub Irish. Curfew...
vance farther than . Jhis . _rpreUminary stage , seem , _atoubtfuf matter , _J The _; determined _opposite f the Irish membersi will not be without its effect Oa the Premier , who ' may , perhaps , think that he has already sacrificed sufficient , to Parliamentary T qiiette in persisting with ihe first reading : Instead of forcing , on a measure which ,- in its subsequent stages , may be made to consume the remainder of the session , he will better show the sincerity of hia professions of friendship to Ireland in the debate of Monday night , by offering to its representatives the
social and political remedial measures whicli they demand . The worn-out , oft-repeated _^ and as often unsuccessful expedient , of attempting to suppress by iorce the natural and indestructible discontent ot an oppressed people , should be discarded b y a Minister who seeks to establish the reputation of a great states man . Sir Robert has on _various-Joccasions shown that he looks forward to the judgment of posterity and wishes it to be a favourable one . The leaving of-the beaten track of his predecessors , and striking out a comprehensive , just , ' and humane policy with regard to Ireland , would be such a novelty as would go far towards securing that verdict in his favour .
The conduct of Mr . Smith _O-Briek * in refusing to serve in English ' or Scotch C ' ommittees _, : which has occupied so mueh of the time-of Parliament this week , and whioli has ended in bk being committed to the custody of the Sergeant-at-Arms for contempt of the House , is looked upon by the English press as mere popularity hunting and a morbid desire for martyrdom . - The member for Limerick is , we believe , actuated by higher motives . He despairs of
wringing any really beneficial measure from parliament by ordinary means , and conscientiously be * lieves that by adopting . this course he . can mr at effectually force upon its attention , the wrongs of hii eountry . While . _** upon this matter we cannot help noticing once more , what has-been often previously noticed , namely , the warm interest taken in any personal matter such as this compared with that evince in measures of a political character . On the same evening that Mr . O'Brien defied the authority ofthe House of . Commons , " Mr . P . ' Scrope asked leave to bring in a Bill fortbe reclamation- of , waste lands in
Ireland . The House was filled during the personal discussion—" a beggarly account of empty" benches was the principal feature _. of . the debate on , the prac * tical question . Of , the few who remained to help to make " a House , " several were fast asleep , and the sonorous snoring of one or two . ' . '" honourable members" was so _orerpoweringly loud as to . put the mover somewhat , out in his speech . We admit that Mr . P . Scrape ' s oratory is not of the most attractive description | ' but the obj-ct
he had in view , its applicability to the present wants and exigencies of Ireland , its capabilities of supplying a home-employment , and comfort to the pauperised masses of starving peasantry , whose woes we mock with empty _commiseration , ought t » have seeored a better attendance and more attention . Is it wonderful , that with such facts before them , Irish members doubt the ' will of ' an English Parliament to legislate justly and practically for their country ? -
The other matter of ¦ importance which has occupied the attention of the Commons this week , forma the subject of a separate article . 'The debate , as well as the preliminary discussion , brought out , injall itl nakedness , the natural antagonism of the Malthusian economists to the rights _« f labour ,, The very men who are crying out against the Irish members for obstructing the progress of the Corn Bill , impudently tried to prevent the'House from entertaining the question of the partial emancipation of the factory slave , " Brown-bread Joseph , " whose acquaintance with the working _cla-aes and of the practical
bearings of the Factory system , are of the most meagre and theoretical description , had the audacity to move the rejection of a measure recommended by John _Fisldek ! The hon . member for Oldham has all his life been engaged in the Cotton Manufactures . He is now one of the largest employers in this country—and yet , it is to the deliberately expressed opinion of such , a man , based npon ample experience and guaranteed b y the risk of his fortune on the measure he proposes , that Mr . Home ventures to oppose the sophisms and common-places of a selfish , heartless , and exploded theory .
We must not interfere between employer and employed , forsooth ! ' - The maxims of political economy forbid it ; They insist upon letting things alone . " We reply , that the-dictates of morality , justice , and humanity ; demand interference on behalf of the weak , when oppressed by the strong— 0 £ thepoor , wb . en trampled upon by the rich . The annals of the manufacturing system abound in instances of atrocity , caused by the almost . irresponsible power which the peculiar circumstances of the occupation , and the large capital possessed by the masters , " la conjunction with , this " let alone" system , give : rise
to . One recent case of oppression of the most unjustifiable and disgraceful description , we were prevented from noticing at the time it was brought before Parliament by the representative " of the labouring classes in the Legislature—Mr . Duncombe ; We allude to the imprisonment for ten days cf six factory girls in Dundee , for the CRIME of _asking for an advance of one halfpenny a day from their employers , the Messrs . Baxter . That this was the real crime there can be no doubt , _bscause the pretext for the ihfiiction of such a punishment—their being absent from'their work for an afternoon—ia evidently a mere pretext , and nothing more . The pressure of other matter prevents us this week from
entering upon the details of this flagrant case of factory oppression and tyranny and the _^ expression of the feelings of indignation which it __ excites , but we shall endeavour to treat it fully next week , inasmuch as it forcibly illustrates the necessity for that interference and watchfulness on the part of the government and the Legislature , which the advocates of the Factory Bill contend for ,-and the Leaguers resist as an infraction of " sound principles . " ; These are merely fine words to eover the deformity of their allgrasping avarice ; the dust which they , throw in the eyes of their dupes to blind them to the real nature of their insatiate thirst for wealth and the unscrupulous acts by which they pursue their object . .
There ought to be , and we hope there - will be , no delay on the part of the operatives and their representatives in speaking out upon this question . Now is their opportunity . The protectionists are waiting the chance of revenging themselves upon Pkrl : they are no longer under his leadership . Causes of disunion are not wanting on the opposition benches , while the most eminent members ofthe Whig party are pledged . to the principle of the Bill . Now , then , we repeat , is the time to " strike b . onie . " The weak _, ness and division of all parties is the strength of the factory cause . Let ua have the question honestly settled this time . '" ' "
Cq &Mrv8 Sc Cor«0pmtfjents
Cq _& _Mrv 8 sc _Cor « 0 _pmtfjents
Bolton.—The Chartists And Land Society M...
Bolton . —The Chartists and Land Society Members , beg to inform their friends Mc Grnth and Clark , that they did not receive their letters before Monday , April 27 tb , it being _aent to a person who bas no connection whatever with the Land and Chartist Association . All communications for the Chartist and Land Society Members , must be addressed to Edward Hodgkinson , Squint-lane , Bradshaw-gate , Bolton , . Tailobs' Pbotection Society . —The address of the Secretary is J . W . Parker , Harrison ' s Coffee House , St , John-street , Manchester .
Qeo & ob Gayill , SHEFr / Ei , D . —The inquiry respecting the St , Jago Gazette we cannot answer , hut should recommend you . to apply at Messrs . Simmonds and Ward , _Fwsign and . Colonial Hewa Agents , 0 , Barge . jard , Bucklersbury , London , I . Leach , Hydi . — "W e are much obliged to our corresporJ dont for his good opinion of the Star , but must _dtcliiie inserting his letter , as we have already said sufficient concerning ; the Tailors' Conference . We hope that the next conference will _manuge their reporting after a better fashiou .
A . Petti Tirant . — A correspondent at Snenton Elemonts , nearNottingham , > end 8 us some particulars of the doings of a petty tyrant named Smith , keeper of a public-house , and " master" over a few frame-work knitters . By fraud anil tyranny , Ihls Smith caused a strike of thepoor employed vmdwhim ; ana \ ue $ having
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 2, 1846, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_02051846/page/4/
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