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1 0 U TO THE CHARTIST BODY. t —_<t«_ i>h...
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My Dear T***** - am T r "' w T von upon ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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1 0 U To The Chartist Body. T —_<T«_ I>H...
1 0 U TO THE CHARTIST BODY . t _—_< _t _«_ _i _> hitiil A _* t A *! _flmftc-C
My Dear T***** - Am T R "' W T Von Upon ...
My Dear T ***** - T r _"' T von upon the subject ofthe forthcoming _Condo n . I W thatthe > e is _amind now m •&* - & - _£$ _& _jSS _^ _jSSi- _byavaric _^ of eircmnmpimucai . 1 = - _uuiieccssar to _^ _ferfur . _*?*? _^ _Se tnat _allclasses of society appear ther to _to _oharve _^^ _^ _^ _^ _^ to be better sa _^ _^^ _™ nyivvears i > ast , _oiii-i- _*^ i un der tne iac ,
_^ _teses perfcctly _^ anu _^ Se _aSrftSpn * _* ofte * l _^ * _^ _*» lat = _^^»& _rtpcatisfeetion of their order is merely _pcnnanenr , . _uiea- _**— . vanescent , and may be blown away at any given 6 t _Isav that the prosperity of other classe _^ hkcly to be permanent , although all are complain" _^ , _i _i will icll you why . The landlords complain , inf . ana l « _uim- _* _- _* _* » . * » i ct they have a _sufficient amount of political " when the crisis comes , to protect themselves iT _aTas-a-alt upon Church property , upon funded pro' _s j ,, j Bpon all other assessments to which the - j " _- _^ "liable . The landed interest may grumble , but - _^ _f rest assured that ihe proprietors of the soil
_^ _jl aot starve , because they have political power . The _-in anufectnring interest wodld not suffer any , > damage , from any violent _change than the _^ _jegscniiis _tf portion of their present enormous _j _* if bad times were to come upon them now , ~ \ , could cither retire with immense wealth , or itec _ff _* 2 ° ntmuea m husiness would make up _tieir profits hy reductions In your wages . They could _< - Jus , because they are represented ; andfyou could xoi resist it , because you are not represented . Thus , j _skiwyou that the next change , if not prepared to _jjjrti it , will be the most disastrous to the working ptoses . I am not so foolish as to close my eyes
against .-what every man must see plainly . I know , aid you know , that a surplus revenue , and new markets being opened for British manufactures , has Iii to brisk trade , and more general , if not more _ictraii ve , employment . And I also know that popular agitation is always kept alive by the great mass _^ ihe dissatisfied , and especially by the unemployed . A ; present , the people are pretty generally employed , ami vet Sir James Graham has told us that one in _fteiy ten of thc working classes is a parish pauper . > _" vw this assertion of itself is sufficient to arouse you - . 0 further exertion , for no man knows when liis own cav will eome .
li is quite truethat I havebeenlaughcd atbymany in - . i " _cs- "ing Chartists for the tenacity with which I " _gsve stuck to the several questions that I thought shdttld be perfectly understood by thc working classes _, n'beu 1 first propounded the Land as the only resource , not one man in ten thousand knew its value , - ¦ risk * there ivas found a -very large number who ; uni « lmy advocacy of thc Land as a remedy to veiy Eujasiifiahle purposes . They told you that I used it iwihc mere purpose of throwing the Charter overboard : bni vou have now lived long enough to see
evm one , aye , every -single one of my renters throwin * ' the Charter overboard for some flimsy crotchet which would pay them better , and what is still more enrions , those very men who have all bnt picked each « k _* r to thc hone , could discover no other common {• rounds of agreement—no other terms upon which they would shake hands and be Mends , save and except the destruction of Feargus O'Connor . Now isn't that odd—that men who have been fighting , scratching , and tearing each other to pieces for years , should fcret-t their every cause of quarrel , and unite for the _destruction of onc humble individual ?
Well , I have lived and you have lived to see them is iheir proper colours , and yon have lived to see my notions of the Land adopted by ninety-nine in every hundred of all classes . I ask you to read the letter of a Tenant Farmer to Lord Radnor , published in thc Star of this week , and to compare it , as far as it goes , with -what I have written upon the subject - and I farther ask you to bear the fact in mind , that 110 Trades' delegates , assembled in London , haveadopted ihe Land question as one of paramount importance . Is it not something , then , to have been theproponnder cf a completely new principle _£ —because I assert that soother individual , living or dead , ever did present ihe question of the Land to the working classes in such a form as to lead them tothe belief that thev
could make it subservient to the regulation of wages . All tliat you have read and heard about the Land has heen wholesale , metaphysical moonshine , scientific nonsense , aud crotchety humbug . I have placed it before yon in a shape worthy of your adoption , and " " llikat you require is a well-digested plan , shewing , £ rstly , thc mode by which you can possess a sufficiency to test its value ; and , secondly , a practical plan for making it available for general purposes . _2 vowsuch plan mustliave the concurrence ofthe working classes , and their co-operation will be needed for carrying it out . You know the slander that I have been subjected to by briefless barristers ,
_scrib-1-ling hirelings , and spouting fools , for having asked you io turn the land to national purposes ; and _ahboogti nothing they can say or write can disturb lay conviction or lead me from my purpose , yet I am Impressed with the belief that a representation ofthe _Clrarcist body , fairly chosen and properly instructed spoil the subject , is thc fitting tribunal to which to submit it ; and with , this view I announce to you that , regardless of what men say , I shall he prepared with a well-digested plan upon thc question ofthe Land to salmitte . thc forthcoming Convention , when I shall have _the-advantage of hearing calmly what all men have to urge upon the subject .
in my opinion thc Land question , the Electoral question , and the mode of advancing Chartism by j aeans of lecturers and tracts , will be the all important subjects for your consideration at the forthcoming Convention . I feel assured that if Peel gets a _majority at the next general election , that Russell and Hie leading Whigs will joinhim upon the question of Free Trade ; and I have told yon ten thousand times , and 3 now repeat it , that if you have Free Trade without ihe possession of the land , you will have a bloody revolution in England . It cannot be otherwise . It is impossible to avert it . And in order to bring the Land question and the Charter question vigorously before the country , it must eome through the House of Commons , and therefore it is absolutely necessary ,
"cay , indispensable , that we should now bestir ourselves to strengthen the hands of Mr . Duncombe at the next general election . Upon this point the Executive will be prepared to submit a -well-di gested plan io the country , and to it we must turn our attention . The fact of the Trades liaving taken np the question ofthe Land , isofitself a great triumph , because , without sacrifice , and with very little exertion , they can carry outthc plan . Indeed , if you had been told in 1 S 40 , when 1 was writing to thc Irish landlords and to you npon the subject , that it would have made such procress by this time , you would not Lave believed it ; but now that you find _tiie whole country , and all classes in the eountry , prepared for Its reception , it behoves you and me to take advantage of the growing fashion . "Sou must not give a moment of thought to the
allotfflent system as propounded hy its advocates , further than as a means of making those otherwise well and permanently employedmorecomfortable and more independent of markets . I think that if the Land was _^• eiied _as a generalfield forthe employment ofsurplus _iands , that then every man working at his tradewould be bettered in lug condition if he had asmall allotment --say a quarter of an acre of ground , which , under "ihose circumst ances , would be ample—whereas if the _dlotment system was made a substitute for the small
' 2 nn system , It would fail to confer any great benefit apon the working classes , as their employers would lake care that the tenure -would be of no longer miration than the mere term of their employment indeed , I fear that the allotment system would have tne mere tendency of reconciling the working classes _* o comparative slavery , while I feel assured that the _^ l farm system would make those located upon tne land , as well as those relieved from surplus labour wholl
, y and entirely independent of their em-Was . And those are the very reasons why every possible _obstrnetion will be thrown in the wav of its _STflSJ ™* ' Howerer ' _«¦***&« to J * v yWh * owni « uon and determination , independently of any existing law , or of the power of _capitalists * , can effect your purpose ; and , _thei-efore , the Bon-performance of your duty in this respect must entaH upon you the appellation of " willing slaves . "
Always bear in _n-dniL mv friends , that I merely _Kek to apply my princi ple to _' the extent of relieving _tt _^ bo _arm-a-kex _^^ desire nor _cxpeetto see you all small farmers ; Lut
My Dear T***** - Am T R "' W T Von Upon ...
what I aim at is , to establish the standard of wages hi the artificial market by the value of free labour in the natural market . I onl y ask to destroy that shocking _system of competition which makes working men look upon their neighbours and friends as deadly enemies , while it enables their employers to purchase their labour at any price that they please to offer for it . _Xow you cannot misundci _* stand me , because I write -very plainly to you . "What I require the land for is , a refuge for the fifty of the one thousand unemployed in any trade , rather than allow then * indigence to compel the remaining 950 to work for any wages that the employer thinks proper to
oifer . This is Mr . Chambers' admission ; and it is the fact that the fifty of the one thousand unemployed regulate the wages of the 950 at work ; and all thc power of strikes , combinations , restriction , and * organisation never can beat down that competitive power until you locate your surplus upon the land . As to emigration , it is sickening , heartless depravity . Itis the very essence of folly , and the worst description of economy ; and for this simple reason , because it would not require one-half the amount to locate a family upon the land at home
that it would require to transport them from their countiy . Moreover , we lose the application of the funds from their most profitable purpose while wc also lose the value of every example that every experiment would be sure to furnish . In conclusion , then , I invite you to confer with your delegates upon the questions of thc Land , the _] _increasing our number of Parliamentary representatives , and the correction of any faults that yon see in our present system of agitation and organisation ; and hoping that I have made myself perfectly understood , I remain , your faithful friend and servant , Feargus 0 'Coxxor .
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First Fruits of the National Trades' Conference . —A great meeting ofthe Boot and Shoemakers of London was held in the hall of the Parthenium Club , 72 , St . Martin ' s-lane , on Sunday evening , March 30 th , to consider the propriety of uniting the Mutual Assistance Association and the Philanthropic Society of Boot and Shoemakers , and through that means , of drawing into one union thc whole Boot and Shoe trade of the united kingdom . Mr . Harris was voted to the chair , and called on Mr . P . Hanley to open the business of the evening . Mr . Hanley said this meeting owed its origin to a desire to unite the Boot and Shoemakers of the united kingdom , and he should , before he sat down , propose a resolution , wliich he hoped would have the desired effect . No
man was more fully convinced than he was , that no permanent good could be effected without a thorough Union . They were perhaps the most numerous of any craft . In England and Wales 1-77 , 14 * 1 males ; females , 10 , 799 . in Scotland , 25 , 945 males ; females , 802 ; boys , 1 , 105 . In Ireland , Brogue * - makers , males , 5 , 207 ; females , 9 ; boys , 110 . Shoemakers , 45 , 856 ; females , 3 , 436 ; boys , ! l , 165 , and yet there was no craft more depressed through the want of union . In Northampton the truck system prevailed to a great extent . He knew a Closer who worked for five shops in that town , and of only one out of the five could he obtain his wages in money . Thc man was compelled to take his wages out in bread , red herrings , bacon , or something ot that sort , at whatever price his employer chose to charge .
{• shame , shame . ) The price paid for work in that town was most scandalously low ; in fact , such that uo man could eke out a decent existence . ( Hear , hear . ) In Northampton goods were made , and stamped with the Paris stamp , and sold as French goods . If a union were effected , such oppressions and impositions as these would be put an end to ; and he was sure the trouble and expense of calling this _meet ing would be more than amply repaid . As mere local bodies , he did not think they could improve their condition . ( Hear , hear . ) Tobe of general benefit , their organisation must be a national one . ( Cheers . ) He would submit the following resolution : — " That we , the men ' s and women ' s Boot and Shoemakers of London , in public meeting assembled , cannot but deplore the degraded and destitute condition of our
trade in general ; and that we are of opinion that it arises from the want of a wise and good understanding between man and man , and branch and branch , as also of a better and mutual organisation . " Mr . Christopher , a veteran Unionist of thirty-one years' standing , would second the resolution , but thought before any perniament geod was accomplished they must look beyond mere Trades Societies for a remedy . He thought no effectual remedy would be found until they had a thorough control over the Legislature . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . J . Skelton said , never in his life did he experience more pleasure in addressing a meeting than on the
present occasion . This was decidedly a step in the right direction . ( Hear , hear . ) They had met tonight to see if a plan could be adopted by wliich their united energies could be concentrated , and their efforts rendered successful . Under present circumstances every man was fighting for himself , not caring who sunk so that he swam . However well old societies had worked in times gone by , they did not work well now . Mr . Skelton quoted Baine ' s History of the Cotton Trade , to shew the great progress made in machinery within the last half century , and contended , that as machinery supplied the place of manual labour in other trades , so did the number of hands in their trade increase . An immense amount
of money had been spent in strikes , and he regretted io say without corresponding advantages . ( Hear . ) There were not so many of the women ' s bodyin union as he should like to see , and the great object was to get ; them into union , so that they might cooperate for the advantage of all . ( Loud cheers . ) Loots were not unfrequently got np in Northampton at a very low figure , and sold to the wholesale dealer at from 13 s . to los . per pair , and then sold to thc retail customer at 30 s . Mr . Skelton then entered into an elaborate dissertation on strikes , shewing their fallacious tendency generally , and that they could not be relied on as a remedy . Could no means be devised to protect their interests ? He thought those who looked to the measures adopted by the National Trades' Conference would answer this
question in the _ami-mative . { Hear , hear . ) That Conference recommended that the Trades should first unite amongst themselves . ( Cheers . ) They woidd not countenance strikes , but they said there was a means hy which thc workers could redeem themselves , if they would but properly apply their funds . If the money that had been spent in strikes had been spent in the purchase of land on which to employ their surplus labour , he contended that they would " not be in their present miserable condition . ( Loud cheers . ) Well then , let them first unite amongst themselves , and then lay out their funds , not for the advantage of the capitalists , but for Iheir own , and success would be certain . ( Great cheering . ) Mr . Isaac Wilson said he had had great experience in trade societies , and could not agree that they had
done no good , He fancied that thc money spent in strikes was a proof that they were not selfish , but that they had made great sacrifices for the general good : and the trade were in possession of advantages they would not have been had it not been lor those strikes . In fact , strikes had been their protection . He objected to some few tilings that had been said , but was delighted with their general tendency . He should be delighted to see his trade rise from their present degraded position—let them , then , go to work in earnest , and pull together for the emancipation of all . ( Cheers . )—Mi * . James said that they had been working long enough for others , and he thought it high time they took means to work for themselves . ( Cheers . )—The Chairman put the resolution , wliich was carried unanimously . —Mr . Hortondelegate
, from Northampton , moved the second resolution" That the present position ofthe trade is such , that it becomes the imperative duty of its members to form themselves into one body for their better protection , and as the only means to place ourselves in that fair and honorable standing which we , as working men , desire and ought to have . " He said , that unless they adopted something like the resolution he had just moved , Northampton would drive all the trade out ofthe market . Lasts , ready filled up , were now sent down there from London , Liverpool , Oxford , Leeds , Manchester , and other large towns ; and when men were on strike , this , not
unfrequ . ently , defeated their objeet . But it was surplus labour that was their great evil . As an illustration of that fact he would state that he was in a grinder ' s shop about a fortnight since , when a girl brought in a pair of shoes ; he took them up , looked at them , and asked what might be the price paid for making them ? Thc woman of the shop said Is . ; he remarked , that was a very low figure . Yes , said the woman , but we do not want them , we only give out the work out of charity , there are so many begging and praying for work . ( Hear , hear . ) Was not this an undeniable proof that surplus labour was the _p-eat evil , and that an outlet should be * Strong Shoemaker
First Fruits Of The National Trades' Con...
found for the surplus hand . ( Cheers . ) Mr . James Walker , delegate from Norwich , seconded the motion . He thought the Boot and Shoemakers had commenced in the right way , by setting their own house in order . Of this he was certain , that the present local societies could not effect their object . In Norwich they had to contend with drapers' shops , hawkers , < fce . Nonvich was always known as the sink-hole of England , but to her honour be it said she was desirous of raising herself in the social scale , and . he believed this could only be effected by a General Union . He did fervently hope that workinff men
would forthwith take then * affairs into their own hands . ( Cheers . ) Mi * . _M'Carthy , in supporting the motion , said , he believed strikes , aa far 08 tlicy _WCllt , had proved beneficial , but at the same time it must be admitted the surplus hands were the great evil . Mr . Wilson suggested that when the resolution was carried that a copy of it should be forwarded to each section of the trade , in order that the general feeling should be ascertained . The resolution was then put , and carried unanimously . A vote of thanks was then passed by acclamation to the Chairman , and this important meeting separated .
_AXXCAL COXFEREXCE OF BOOT AXD SHOEMAKERS . —Delegates from all parts of the kingdom representing this trade met in the large room of the King and Queen , Cleveland-street , Marylebone , on Tuesday morning last , April 1 st . At ten o ' clock Mr . A . Hunnibell was elected" president , and Mr . _Smytliies secretary . The business transacted to-day ( Tuesday ) was of a prelimlnaiy character . The following is a list of the delegates , and the places they represent : — Birmingham , Messrs . J . M't-ee ; Bristol and Bath , Hyde and Page ; _Bvightos , Scott ,- Chatham , _Lavall Cheltenham , Flicker ; Carlisle , Harrison ; Cork , Hosford ; Leeds , Smyth ; Leicester , Goodc ; London West-end men ' s men , Hanley ; London West-end women s men , Loud City men's men , Pittam ;
City women ' s men , Greensladc ; London strong men ' s men , Johnson ; Borough strong men ' s men , Pratter ; London East-end , Charles ; Manchester , Whitehead ; Nottingham , Watson ; Northampton , Kerns ; Newcastle-on-Tyne , Starkec ; Norwich , Walker ; Oxford and Windsor , J . Williams and Pardoc ; Preston , McLean •• Devonport , Grose ; Stafford , Swann ; Sheffield , Steele ; Southampton , Malcolm . The following , forming the Executive Committee of the Cordwainers' Mutual Assistance Association , held seats , and the right to speak , but without thc vote : Messrs . Hunnibell and Duncombe , West-end women ' s men ; Shell , Borough women s men ; Morrison and Daddo , City women ' s men ; and Mr . Smytliies as general secretary ,
Second Dat , Wednesday , April 2 nd . —Mr . Hyde was called to the chair . On the motion of Messrs . Smith and Hanley , the public , as far as convenience would permit , were allowed to be present to hear the deliberation of Conference . On the motion of Messrs . Smith and Lavall , a resolution was passed justifying the Executive for admitting the men employed in the firms of Messrs . Box and Hook , the limits committed by the men of the above firms being previous to the existence ofthe Cordwainers' Mutual Assistance _Association .
Afternoon Sitting , —Mr . Hyde resumed the chair at two o ' clock . Ihe members proceeded to give in their reports , wliich were very voluminous , but most ofthe statements have appeared in the columns of ihe Northern Star . Mr . Malcolm said , the masters in the Southampton district were not satisfied with tlieir profits as Boot and Shoemakers , but they had also commenced selling the materials used in thc manufacture of boots and shoes , which formed quite a new feature in their trade . Mr . Hyde , of Bristol , hi shewing thc gross oppression practised on the workers , said : A master ' s wife went out for a walk and lost from her muff £ 710 s ., and that master immediately reduced his men ' s wages to make good the loss . ( Shame , shame . ) Mr . Scott , of Brighton ,
said , at the last Conference it was suggested that the trade should hold their meetings , if possible , in places other than public-houses . Brighton had adopted this suggestion ; they now met in a school-room , and felt the importance ofthe alteration . Mr . Flicker read the following important suggestions for the consideration of Conference .- — " We , the delegates of the Cheltenham district , liaving deliberated upon thc general laws ofthe Association , beg to recommend a few alterations therein for your consideration . We have examined into society at large , and we find similar evils to those complained of by us pervading all trades and professions of labour , and these evils must continue until efficient means are adopted to remove the cause , namely , the overflow * of labour in the labour market . Competition , it is evident , is working ruin and destruction to the whole community . There has been sufficient time , labour , and funds wasted to convince any reasonable
man that all our efforts on previous occasions have been entirely fruitless , and the like efforts must produce the came results so long as we exhaust our strength in useless strikes . It is worse than * nonsense for us to battle with the monster competition by such puny and inefficient means ; neither is it just that one portion of the Association should support another portion , who may be out on strike , in idleness , li may he asked what you will do with thc redundancy of labour ?—and we know some members of our society would say ' shift it by tramping ; ' but wc reply , shifting it is now useless . It may have been effective in times past , but it is not so now . Again , some members in our district say , let labour depots be established to employ the men on strike ; but wc contend that by so doing Ave should be only giving an additional stimulus to competition , and thereby increase the evil complained of . It may he said thc Hatters of Denton have achieved a benefit from labour
depots : we contend the projected system is only pitting evil against evil , and must tend to increase the _competitive strife . Shopmates , —We say institute arrangements to keep the surplus labour out of the market . It will be asked , how is this to be done ? We say , abolish the striking system , as far as possible ; let ' a consolidated fund be raised to procure Land , and when procured , put our surplus hands on it to cultivate it . If this plan were' adopted , we are convinced that there would be plenty volunteer to go on the Land , rather than drag on such a miserable existence as they are compelled to do under present circumstances . Then let us make our members self-supporting , that we may effectually combat with competition . Experience convinces us that we are helpless so long as we have not an inch of ground to stand upon as our own . This district therefore , appeals to your good judgment to devise a plan that shall carry out the above suggestion . We recommend-the Association to organise and instruct , and not waste the hard earnings of the
members in tilings that tend to no benefit , but only cause jealously and dissatisfaction . We admit , that in some sections the society may be the means of keeping up wages , but these sections are very few and experience convinces us tliat it is impossible to obtain subscriptions in support of the Association from our much oppressed shopmates , unless some hope is held out of general and permanent benefit . Wc do , therefore , hope that the Conference will see the necessity of adopting some plan for securing Land on wliich to place our surplus hands . " Mr . Flicker said he was bound to state that a minority of the delegates of the district he represented were in favour of " Labour stores , " some of tliem thinking that they might be made available to raise thc funds for procuring the Land . The reading of Mr . Flicker ' s instructions appeared to give the greatest satisfaction tothe Conference . The Conference then adjourned for the day .
Third Day ' s Sittixc , _Tbursday , Apbil S . — Mr . Hyde resumed the chair . The delegates proceeded with their reports . Mr . Pittam , City men ' s men , said , such was the dearth of employment in the City of London , in their trade , that their wages did not average more than lis . Cd . weekly . The City men ' s men were disposed to amalgamate with the Cordwainers' Mutual Assistance Association . In fact , he was sent here to effect that desirable object if possible . ( Cheers . ) Mi * . Johnson , strong shoe men of London , said , the body he represented were quite willing to co-operate with thc Mutual Association , tlieir only desire being that such union should be based on a secure foundation . ( Hear , hear . )
Afternoon Sitting , —Mr . Hyde resumed thc chair . —• Mr . Kerns ( Northampton ) said that in thoir district the masters were in some cases magistrates , and in the event of disputes between the employer and the employed , and on appeal being made , by way of arbitration , the Conference would perceive how small was the chance of the employed obtaining justice . ( Hear , hear . ) The wages paid in Northampton were from 8 d . U > 2 s . 3 d . per pair . A case respectin < f the Oxford _disli ict secretary was next submitted to the Conference , wliich the Conference referred to the district for adjudication . —Mr . Page , Bath , moved that thc accounts be audited _nrevious to
the discussion of thc Bradford and Newark strikes , and of the accounts of the last periodical ; which was seconded by Mr . Grose , and earned . The following delegates were appointed the auditors : — Messrs . M'Gee , Starkee , Malcolm , and Scott . Mr . Whitehead , Manchester , moved that the whole house constitute a committee to examine cards , and apportion expenses to the several districts . Mr . Smyth , Bradford , seconded the motion . An amendment was moved , that an account of the cards be handed m by each delegate , and that the cards be destroyed . After considerable discussion , thc amendment was agreed to , and tlic Conference _adio-vned
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_ - . _ _xJ _^ _' _^ _-Vf-vV--- ; . - : _CT ; .. _-r . - _i > ' _-. - » - : •'• - Fourth ' _Da- _^ _iSitti _^ o _, _FrISat , April 4 . —Mr . Hyde _resumed- | Pechair . Mi * . Kerns , Northampton , said he was _req-pited to make the , following statement to ihd Conference . One of the greatest evils existing _^ in their district was , the employment of children from the age of five years to thirteen . Thc amount of labour so performed was almost incredible , the average hours of labour being sixteen per day . They had to stab one hundred and forty rows per day , each vow measuring on : an average _; two ; inches .
A youth was employed to fit up the work on which those infants were employed ,. ' whilst the men were walking the streets in idleness . The average earnings of a cliild so employed was about 3 s . per week . TllC following resolution was passed on the motion of Messrs . Williams and Haudley : — "That the business before Conference being very extensive , and there being no doubt that its sittings must be extended a day or . two beyond the time originally proposed , an extra levy of 4 d . to meet the same is necessaiy . " Unanimously agreed to .
Afternoon Sitting . —Mr . Hyde resumed the chair , The following resolution was adopted : — " That for the future the following places constitute thc Towei Hamlets district * . —Stepney , Spitalfields Hackney , Bow , Stratford , Poplar , Limehouse _, and Ratcliffe . " The above places contain about 5 , 000 Shoemakers . — Mr . Smyth moved " That Manchester and Salford be a district within themselves . " Seconded , by Mr . Good , and carried unanimously . —Mr . Smith moved , seconded by Mr . M'Lean , "Thatthe following places constitute - . if " district : — Liverpool , .. Birkenhead , Chester , Prescott , St . Helen ' s , Warrington , " Runcorn , and Omiskirk . " Carried unanimously . — Mr . M'Lean moved , and Mr . Johnson _seconded , "That the following places constitute a district : —
Preston , Chorley , Lancaster , Blackburn , Wigan , Clithero , Fleetwood , and Stockport . " Carried unanimously . It was then moved , "That Stockport , Stalybridge , and Ashton-undcr-Lyne be added to thc Manchester district . " Carried unanimously . Thc following districts were also constituted : —BimjDis trictr—Bury , Bolton , Rochdale , Heywood , Ratcliffebridge , Leigh , Oldham , Burnley , Colne , and _Todmorcien . Borough District—Richmond ( Surrey , ) Croydon , Guildford , and Kingston-on-Thames are to be added to the Borough district . " Carlisle District —Carlisle , Dumfries , Penrith , Annan , Brampton , Whitehaven , Maryport , Kendal , Wigton , and Cockovmouth . " The following resolution was moved by
Messrs . Pardoe and Williams : — "Thatthe Oxford district remain as at present . " Carried unanimously . Northampton District—The following towns to be added to tho above district * . —Long Buckley , _Olnej- , Towccster , Raunds , and Newport Pagnell . London Strong Men ' s Men District—Whitechapel , Shoreditch , Borough , Hackney , Saffron-hill , Somers Town , Kensington , Paddington _, Hammersmith , Chelsea , Westminster , Seven Dials , ' Clare-market , and Drury-lane . City Men ' s Men District—The five divisions in the City to constitute a district . West-end Men ' s Men District— -The West-end men's men to constitute a district . Stafford District— Shrewsbury , Henleyley-green , Stowe , Burtori-on-Trent , Lichfield , Nantwich , Newport , and Ludlow .
Fifth Day ' s Siitixo , Saturday , April 5 . — Mr . Hyde resumed the chair . Moved by Mr . Pratten , seconded by Mr . Johnson , " That a public meeting of thc trade be held to-morrow ( Sunday ) evening , April Cth , at the Parthenium Club Room , 12 , St . Martin ' s-lane , thc chair to be taken at seven precisely . The delegates of this Conference to attend . " Carried unanimously . The equalisation of districts was then proceeded with . On the motion of Messrs . Pratten and Charles , it was resolved , that the Devonport district stand as it is . On the motion of Messrs . Williams and Watson , it was resolved , that the town of Merthyr Tydvil be added to the Bristol district . On the motion of Messrs . Smyth and Charles , it was resolved that three delegates be appointed to audit the General Treasurer's account . Messrs . Smith , Steel , and Page , were appointed auditors .
Doncomde Testmoxial . —Central Committee op Trades , « fcc , Parthenium Club , 12 , St . Martin ' slane , Wednesday evening , April 2 nd ; Mi * . Grassby in the chair . —The following sums were received per Mr . John Ardill , Northern Star Office : —Messrs . E . B . Martin , Braintrce , os . ; J . Martin , do ., 2 s . 6 d . ; W . Payne , do ., ls . ; W . Bolton , do ., Is . ; J . Bunn , do ., Cd . * , Nott , do ., 6 d . ; J . Martin , do ., Cd . ; Bavrell , do ., Cd . ; J . Smith , do ., Cd . ; J . Humphrey , Booking , Gd . ; N . Hail , do ., 3 d . ; Wimbolt , do ., 6 d . ; C . Fish , Witham , Is . A letter was read from Mr . C . King , Hertford , stating that the local committee of that town would remit the sum of £ 30 os . od . The committee then adjourned .
Derby Trades . —A preliminary committee will meet every Wednesday evening , at eight o ' clock , during this month , at Chester ' s Coffee House , Osmaston-road , to organise a permanent committee of the Trades of Derby , to collect subscriptions in aid of the Duncombe Testimonial . B . \ nxsLEY Trades . —A glorious meeting was held in thc Odd Fellows' Hall , on Tuesday , the 1 st inst ., to hear the report of Mr . Frank Mirfield , the Weavers ' delegate to the Trades' Conference , when a great number from all trades attended ; Mr . John Grimshaw was elected to the chair , and introduced the delegate . Mr . F . Mirfield ' s report was listened to with great attention , and the people manifested their complete satisfaction by repeated bursts of applause . The chairman read Mr . Duncombe ' s opening address , which elicited the hearty cheers of the meeting . A committee of seven was appointed to collect subscriptions for the Duncombe Testimonial .
To Journeymen Tailors . —Fellow Workmen , —A small society of our trade in Rochdale have been compelled to turn out against their employers , in consequence of the oppressions they were subject to from low wages and petty tyranny . Being compelled to resist , they earnestly appeal to every society in the kingdom for assistance in this then * hour of need . The members that are out do not exceed twenty , and the smallest assistance from each will enable them to withstand their oppressors to a successful termination . Subscriptions will be thankfully received by Mr . John Kelly , Cross-keys Inn , Cloth-hall , Rochdale , Lancashire , and will be duly acknowledged . — J . W . Parker- Secretary to the Tailors' Protection Society .
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NORFOLK CIRCUIT . Bury St . Edmund's , March 31 . —Alleged Murder , —William Tettenham , aged . 32 , was arraigned on an indictment which charged him with the wilful murder of Mary Anne , his wife , on thc 15 th of February last , by shooting her through the head with a p istol at Wantisden , in this county . From the evidence of a man named Mace , his wife , and two or three other witnesses , it appeared that the prisoner had been married some few years , and that with one exception he luui been on good terms with his wife , who had borne him four children , the fourth having been born about three weeks before her death . About two years ago there was some dispute
between them , fbr she suddenly absented herself from his house , which was in a somewhat lonesome locality , andleft their children in a wood . After much search she was ultimately found , and persuaded to return to her home , where she lived in perfect harmony thenceforth with the prisoner . On the night of Saturday , the loth of February last , he was at the " Oyster" public-house at Butley , which , after drinking to excess , he left with Mace at ten o ' clock . On arriving at his house his wife was nearly in bed , hut being roused up , she received him and his friend , who lived about half a mile off , very cordially . The prisoner then expressed a wish to have some beer , which she dissuaded him from doing ; but , seeing that he attempted to go down into the cellar himself , she
bade him to sit down , and went for some beer , saying , " if he went he would tumble down stairs and break his neck . " Soon after this she retired to her bedroom , and then Mace left the prisoner , who said he was going to bed . As Mace went out , however , the prisoner called after him to " come back and help him to kill his hog . " To which Mace replied , " Took , your hog was lulled long ago . " The prisoner again made the same request to Mace , just as he got out of hearing ; but nothing was seen ov heard of him till about one o ' clock , when he came to Mace ' s house in great agitation , and rousing them up begged of them to " come down quick , for he had shot his poor dear Mary Anne . " Mace on this got up as qu'ckly as he could , and while dressing himself could hear the wretched man stamping the ground and
wringing his hands as he walked to and fro , exclaiming , " Dear me , what shall I do ? " When Mace was up he said to him , "Why , Tettenham , you don't mean to say you have really shot your poor wife 1 " To wliich he replied , "As true as God , I have shot her ; I have blown her head off . " As they walked hastily to his miserable home , Mace made a similar remark to him , and he then said , " Oh , don't hurt me ; it was all accident ; " and to Mrs . Mace at another time he said , "It was done by a pistol , which went off accidentally . " On arriving at the lodge , the party found the poor woman lying on her back on the floor , not far from a chest of drawers , in which the prisoner used to keep his pistols , her forehead and right cheek being all blown off , while the walls on two sides of the room behind her were spattered with blood and brains , and the ceiling bore the mark of a shot . When the sur-
Norfolk Circuit. Bury St. Edmund's, Marc...
geon was sent for it appeared that the discharge must have taken place , in his opinion , close to the left temple of the poor woman , for there was there a hole _about , two inches large , while the skin near it was jagged and blackened with powder . Assistance was obtaiued as soon as possible , both by Mace and the prisoner ' ; ' who , when asked to give an accouunt of the dreadful event , said , that , " he was thinking of going out again , as ' was his duty at times , and that his wife dissuaded him ; that he went to the drawer to got his pistols , which werc loaded , and while lie was doing so his wife came up to him with a candle and put her . arm on his : shoulder . The babv then
began to cry , and she called out to it 'Hush , I ' m a coming , ' and just then , whether she touched the pistol or he pulled the trigger he could not tell , but it went off , and its contents lodged in her temple . " Such is the outline of this most lamentable event . At tho close of ihe case for the prosecution , Mr . Prendergasfc addressed thejury in a most impressive speech , and , going through the whole of the evidence , contended that his client ought not to be found guilty of manslaughter , as his whole conduct and demeanour throughout thc transaction plainly indicated that the death of liis wife was entirely attributable to accident . G uilty of manslaughter . Sentence deferred .
March 31 . —The "Red Barn . "—Samual Stowe was indicted for setting fire to a barn commonly called the " Red Barn , " at Polstead , in the-occupation of William Tabor , Thc barn in question is one celebrated in the counts of Suffolk as being the barn in which Maria Martin was murdered by Corder . It appeared in evidence that on the 26 th of December , 1 S 42 , the "Red Barn" was burned to tlle ground . The prisoner lived with his father in a cottage ad joining the barn , and Avas seen running from thc five on the night in question . The case against the prisoner was made up entirely of statements proved to have been made to different persons by the prisoner when in gaol for poaching . The jury , however , declined to give any credit to the testimony of the witnesses called to prove the statements , and the prisoner - was Acquitted . The same prisoner was subsequently indicted for sending a threatening letter to a fanner at Polstead , and found Guilty . Sentenced to be transported for ten years .
April 1 . —Arson . —Jeremiah Head and George Head were indicted for liaving unlawfully and maliciously set fire to a certain dwelling-house , in the parish of Great Saxham , in the occupation of John Banks . The charge contained in the indictment was for maliciously setting fire to a dwelling-house , some person being therein ; and as it was not distinctl _y proved that any onc was in the house at thc timeit caught fire , and there being no allegation in the indictment of the minor offence , his lordship stopped the case ; but said that Jeremiah Head would be put on liis trial on another charge of arson , and George Head must be detained until tho next assizes , when a fresh indictment would be preferred before the grand jury , Arson—Michael Sncll and John Frost wero found guilty of setting fire to a stack of straw , the property of Mr . Everton , of Bradfield , St . George . The learned judge sentenced both prisoners to be transported for life .
Arson . —Jeremiah Head and William Martin were then arraigned on the charge of setting fire to three stacks of Mi' . _Silverstone , ot Saxham . The evidence against thc prisoners in this case mainly depended upon statements made by them on different occasions . Jeremiah Head was found Guilty , and transported for life ; and the prisoner Martin wits Acquitted . Arson . —Thomas Cook , aged 17 , and James Cook , aged 11 , were indicted for setting fire to a stack of straw , the property of the late Mr . Rodwell , of Saxham . The case was clearly proved by the
confessions of the prisoners to thc superintendent of police . The jury found the prisoners Guilty ; but recommended thc younger prisoner to mercy . Mr . Justice Patteson said it was impossible to do otherwise than sentence both to transportation . The eldest prisoner would be sent out ofthe country , but the younger one would , in all probability , be sent to the prison in the Isle of Wight , where he would be taught better things , and if he behaved well , would not be sent out of the country . The learned judge then sentenced both prisoners to transportation for fifteen years . "
WESTERN CIRCUIT . i _Boumin _, March 29 . —Charge of Child Murder . —Elizabeth Stevens was indicted for the wilful murder of her infant child on the _2-lth of December . From the evidence , it appeared that the prisoner was servant to a Mrs . Reynolds . About seven o ' clock in the morning of the 24 th of December Mrs . Reynolds , who was in her bedroom , heard some one moaning in the kitchen . She went down stairs and found it was the prisoner , who was lying across a table , complaining of great pain . Mrs . Reynolds sent her to bed , and in a short time went up to her and found her still in great pain . She went down stairs again , _lcavinjthe prisonerin bed . Mrs .. Reynolds went and fetched her mother , and in about half an hour returned . The prisoner was then in the kitchen , dressed . Mrs . Reynolds went again into the prisoner ' s bedroom , and from appearances in tho bed she felt confident the prisoner had given birth to a child : there was a large
stain of blood against the wall close to the side of the bed . Mrs . Reynolds went down stairs and charged the prisoner with having had a child , but she denied it ; at length , however , she admitted it , and said she had put it behind the bed . Mrs . Reynolds then proceeded again to the _bedroora , and in a box she found the dead body of a child wrapped in a petticoat . A surgeon was sent for , and he stated that upon examining the body he found that the skull was fractured , and there were other marks upon the face and head which he thought proceeded from violence . In his opinion the child had been born alive , and its death had been occasioned by the fracture of the skull . In cross-examination by the Judge , he admitted that which , of course , no one could doubt , that the child might have fallen , and that if it had fallen the skull might have been fractured . The Jury acquitted the prisoner of the murder , and found her Guilty of concealing the birth . She was sentenced to six months ' imprisonment .
MIDLAND CIRCUIT . Warwick , Afril I _. _^ -Brutai _. Robbery . —Joseph Joyce , aged 41 , was indicted for liaving , at Birmingham , on the 18 th of March last , feloniously robbed one Ann Jones , a woman about 70 years of age , of three sovereigns and fifteen shillings , and immediately before and aftss such vohfey beaten , struck , and used personal violence to her . The aged prosecutrix , who appeared with both her eyes greatly swollen and black , stated that about 18 months ago the prisoner represented to her that , as she was a widow , he and his wife and family and she could do very well living together , and this was arranged and carried out . The prosecutrix slept in another bed in the same room as the prisoner and his wife . She used frequently to supply him with money , and appeared to have acted very kindly towards him . In short , he seemed in some measure to participate in what she possessed . Prior to the day in question she had lent him £ 3 15 s . to buy salt , and on that day
he paid her thc £ 3 lfis ., and she put it into her pocket . She appeared to have had it in contemplation to buy a horse or a cart for some purpose of business . After the payment they each drank some beer , but neither appeared to be drunk , though they did appear to have been drinking . He then demanded the ; money of her again , but she told him to wait a bit , on which he got up and struck her several times about the head and face and about her body most violently , * he knocked her down , and took a knife and cut away part of her petticoat and her pocket , containing the money . Charlotte Phelps , a neighbour , heard the alarm and went to the house . She materially corroborated the poor old woman ' s testimony , and had examined her person and found her most shockingly bruised . Thc jury found a verdict of Guilty , and the prisoner was sentenced to be transported for fifteen years .
Warwick , April 1 . — Bigamy . — Judge Law asd Law Justice . —Thomas Hall , alias Thomas Rollins , a poor man not possessed of a farthing in the world , aged 35 , was indicted for having , on the 18 th of April , 1830 , atthe parish of Northlcach , in the county of Gloucester , taken for his wife Mary Ann Nicholls _, and afterwards , on the loth of February , 1840 , at the parish of _Hampden-in-Arden , in this county , married and taken to wife Maria Hadley , his former wife being then alive , contra formam . Tho offence was clearly proved , but he stated that within a vear or two of his marriage with Mary Ann , she robbed him , and sallied forth with the child , and he had never since seen either , though he had at the time obtained a special warrant for her
apprehension , armed with which he proceeded to the _re « ion of her seclusion or retirement , where he got sadly handled by ruffians , and was made heartily g lad to make the best of his way home to save his life , leaving his baggage in his precipitate departure from that profligate retreat . The substance of this , or at least much of it , he elicited from the witnesses for the prosecution . He was convicted , and Mr . Justice Maule , in passing sentence , said , that it did appear that hehadbeen hardly used . It was hard for him to be so used , and not be able to have another wife to live with _^ _- * _£ _« had " -one off to live in an im proper state with another _nS But the law was the same for him as it _w-Vs for a rich man , and was equally open for him , Sough its 3 to afford relief ; but , as the richman
Norfolk Circuit. Bury St. Edmund's, Marc...
would have done , he also should _h-w-Pureuc-LtW proper means , pointed out by law whereby , to obtain redress of his grievances ; He should have-brought an action against the man . who was _ltwng in the way stated with his wife , _and-he conhi have obtained damages , and then . . «»« <} _£ have gone to the Ecclesiastic Court and obtained a divorce , which would have done what seemed to -h _.-oe _ been done already , and then he should have gone to t & e House of Lords , and , - proving all his vase ; a ™ , the preliminarv proceedings , have . obtained a ¦ nui * ana complete divorce , after whicli he ' might *; it-he _iihea it , have married again . The prisoner might perhaps object to this that he had not the money to . pay the expenses , which would amount to about ± 500 or
. - € 000—perhaps lie had not so many pencc-but this did not exempt him from paying the penalty ior committing a felonv _, of whicli he Tad been convicted . His lordship might , perhaps , have visited thc crime more lightly if the prisoner had not misrepresented himself as a bachelor to Maria Hadley , and so deceived her . If lie had told her the circumstances , and said , " Now I'll marry you if vou like to take the chance , " & c .: butthishelmdnot done , and thus ho had induced her to live with him upon terms wliich she perhaps else would not have done . It was a serious injury to her , -which ho had no right to inflict because his wife and others had injured hiin . Por this offence he must receive some punishment , and the sentence was , that he be imprisoned aud kept to hard labour for four months , which he hoped would operate as a warning how people trifled with mahimony .
Warwick , April 4 . —Murder . —James Crowley , aged 31 , was charged with the wilful murder of William Tilsley , Mr , Hill , Q . C _, and Mr . Guic appeared for tho defence . The facts of this case , as detailed by counsel , and proved , were these : —The prisoner is the son of a person latel y deceased , who . occupied a farm at Spcrnall , in this county . Unfortunately , there had been some difference between the old man and liis son , and in consequence of threats uttered by the latter against him , a labourer on the farm , named Tilsley , was sworn as constable , to guard , watcli over , and protect him . On thc Christmasday of 1 S 42 thc prisoner , who had his working dress on , proceeded to his father ' s house and demanded admittance , but he was lorbad to enter , both by
the deceased and thc father . Tho prisoner said , "If I had my other dress on I would 'have laid you both asleep ; and I will lay you both asleep before I go to bed , " He then went home , proceeded to dregs himself in his best clothes , liad his horse saddled , and came out with a double-barrelled gun in his hand . He went strai g ht towards his father ' s house , who had retired up stairs at the earnest entreaty of his family . The prisoner pushed thc gun through the window of the common sitting-room , and the noise of tlio falling glass brought Tilsley and two other men from behind into the front ofthe house . Seeing them , all he said was , " Oh , you are coming , " and with that he lifted his gun to his shoulder , fired it off , and shot poor
1 ilslcy through the brain , who fell dead . The other men retreated to the stable , whither tlic prisoner went , saying " I have shot one , and I will shoot you if youdo not take care . " The prisoner then mounted his horse and rode away . The fact of his not having been immediately pursued and overtaken probably arose from Crowley ' s brother being thc constable of tlic parish at that time ; The prisoner went to America , but returned in 1814 , and went to Chester , where he resided under a feigned name , but the fact becoming known he was identified , arrested , taken before thc Chester magistrates , and by them sent to Warwick . At the time of the arrest he had
two pistols and a considerable sum of money upon his person . —On thc part of the prisoner it was not disputed that his was the hand that destroyed life , and the brother was called , who deposed to certain instances of aberration of intellect in tho family , bnt none was fixed upon the prisoner , save by one of the many witnesses called to give him a character for humanity , who stated he had at times a wildncis or strange way about hini . —The jury retired , and _sw rer being absent an hour returned a verdict of Guilty . The learned judge then sentenced the prisoner to suffer the last awful sentence of the law .
NORTHERN CIRCUIT . Liverpool , March 28 . —Charge of _AnMisisir . niM . 1 Poison . —Benjamin Anderson was __ indicted ;•¦• . - attempting to administer poison to his wife , Small Anderson , and liis two children . It appeared from the statement ofthe learned counsel in opening the case , that the prisoner was a millwright in the employment of the Messrs . Fairbairn , of Canalstreet , Manchester . For some time before the 6 th of January , when this occurrence took place , he had been drinking , and when in this state he was , it appeared , very ill-tempered and morose . On the afternoon of the Gth of January , about three o ' clock , he came home to his tea . It was not quite ready , and tlic prisoner expressing some displeasure at this ,
an altercation ensued , until he finally turned his wife and son out of the house and locked the door . He was then observed , through thc window , doing something with the sugar basin . He at last lot his family in again , he himself going away to the publichouse . Mrs . Anderson then made tea for herself and tho children . It had a very peculiar tasto , and she threw the first cup away . A second cup was equally bad . She then made some coffee , which she sweetened with sugar not taken from the basin , and itwas found to have no peculiar taste . Thc prisoner waa in the meantime at the public-house , and while there he seemed very uneasy , and told the landlord he would hear a row presently . On his return home he wasvery much intoxicated . He fell asleep , and on boin _» awakened by the police he said , " They ' re not stiff vet , bu _* - they soon will be , " and he afterwards
observed it was a bad job it had not been done . It appeared from the evidence of the medical men that the sugar in the basin contained sugar of lead , but not in sufficient quantity to produce death even if taken all at once . Mr . Pollock , at the close ofthe case for tho prosecution , objected that on this evidence thc prisoner must be acquitted . The sugar of lead found in the sugar was in too small a quantity to produce any injury to life , and it was therefore not a "destructive thing" which had been put in thc sugar within the terms of thc statute on which this indictment was founded . —His Lordship ovo _; - ruled the objection , and Mr . Pollock addressed tis jury for tho defence . Thejury liaving heard hi-.- ' - Lordship ' s summing up , retired to their room , an : ! after au absence of half an hour , returned into court with a verdict of Not Guilty .
Liverpool , April 1 . —CiiAuai 3 of _Chilu Murder . —Ann _O'Donnell was indicted for thc wilful murder of her illegitimate child , by strangling it . The particulars of this case were not * suitable for publication . It appeared generally , that from the appearance of the prisoner , the persons who reside in the same house were induced to think that she had been delivered of a child . The prisoner at first denied that such was the case , but sho subsequently admitted that she had been so delivered ; that the child lived for some little time , and that she afterwards wrapped it in an apron , and put it up the oven chimney . The body was found there . There were a few slight marks on the body , not sufficient to account for the death , and which , in the opinion ofthe medical men , might haye been inflicted in the process of delivery . The prisoner was found Guilty of disposing ofthe body , with intent to conceal thc birth , and waa sentenced to be imprisoned for two years .
Liverpool , April 2 . _—Cuaroe of Murder . —Wm . Jonos , aged 19 , was indicted fbr the wilful murder of Richard Fairclough , at Liverpool , on the 15 th of December last . From the evidence ofthe witnesses , it appeared that the deceased , who was an officer of the police force , had been called to protect the sister of the prisoner from thc Litter ' s v iolence , who was abusing and beating her . Tne prisoner refused to desist , and dared the deceased to take liim into custody , threatening to knock him down if he made the attempt . The deceased did make the attempt , and the prisoner , who had armed himself with a poker , struck thc policeman on the head , inflicting twodreadful wounds , which caused his death . Thc jury found the prisoner guilty of aggravated manslaughter , and he was sentenced to be transported for life .
NORTH WALES CIRCUIT . Chester , March 31 . —Highway Robbery . —George Williams , aged 25 , and Charles Williams , 22 , were placed at the bar on a charge of highway robbery , with violence . —It appeared from tho evidence , that on thc night of Saturday , Feb . 1 , the prosecutor , a joiner , named James Thomas , was on his way home at a late hour , between Birkenhead and Rock Ferry , in thc company of a companion , when the prisoner George Williams met them , and in passing jostled against them . They gave way for him , and he went on a short distance , and then turned back , and again
came up to them . They told him he had better go home quietly , on which he gave a whistle and a shout , when four or five men jumped over the hedge and commenced an attack upon the prosecutor and his friend . The latter ran off , pursued by some of the party , but effected his escape , and the township constable , being at a little distance , hearing a cry of murder , hastened to the spot and apprehended Charles Williams whilst in the act of beating the prosecutor , who was then insensible from the injuries he had received . On searching Charles Williams , the cap ofthe prosecutor was found in onc of his pocket ** . —Thejury found both Guilty . —Sentence deferred .
Chester , April 1 . —Sentence on Winterboitom .. —At the sitting of the court tliis morning , the Attorney-General prayed the judgment of the court on John Kenyon Winterbottom , who , it will be recollected , was tried at the winter assizes , in December last , before Mr . Baron Gurney , on a charge of forgery . The trial excited an unusual degree of interest , from the fact of thc prisoner having fined the office of chief magistrate ofthe borough of Stockport , and also the responsible one of town clerk , besides being the legal _, adviser of many influential families in tiie county After some delay , the prisoner was placci . at the bar . He appeared very much emaciated , and was greatly agitated . The Judge addressed the prisoner at somelength , and concluded by sentencing him to be tram ported for the term of Ms natural life . was then removed from tho bar , supported the assistants in the gaol . He appeared affected , as also did many others in ecu-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 5, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_05041845/page/1/
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