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T 0 MR. JAMES BRONTERRE O'BPJEX.
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gm—l n these times Ol political quiet, m...
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL.
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VOL. VIII. NO. 391. LONDON, SATIJEDA^mI|...
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tfonimt lateHi-aente
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FRANCE. The Jesuits.—The Fortifications....
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• He t^^^d- - .i^Sa
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BANKRUPTS. (From Friday's Gazette, May 9...
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THE TEN HOURS' BILL.
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THE Lancashire Central Short Time Commit...
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I \ <•- *
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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T 0 Mr. James Bronterre O'Bpjex.
_T 0 MR . JAMES BRONTERRE O'BPJEX .
Gm—L N These Times Ol Political Quiet, M...
_gm—l n these times Ol political quiet , my name _jw , been of considerable value to yon . You conld _*^ fovea fair share in Tawell , Tapping , Uoeker , or -Freeman , as your National Reformer was too "cen-L-j . " but inasmuch as " a live d og is bett e r than a aihon , " you have attempted to substitute Fear-Jg O'Connor on the gibbet for the murderers on the I am now going t _« deal very plainly with you ; and when I shall have strong my beaded facts together , I _Sjijik vou will appear like a dog with its tail in its _rpjjtbl-a perfect circle of folly . I shall run quickly _Srpr vour vagaries , since I first knew you , in 1836 _AJjonc of the "J . B ' s" and "J . B . O'BY _' o f the far could
UnJon Mercury , you , as as you , established _tu licentiousness of tlte press , and mad e a p r e c e dent for the unlimited abuse of every man who differed in _Lini onwithyou . "Caitiff , " " murderer , " " villain , " " rascal . " " robber , " and " assassin , " were the _uu 'ldcstterms used by you , as descriptive of those who opposed youin any way : while remonstrance was met bv such a notice to correspondents as follows : — "G . E ., Birminghani . —Wc have received a communication from this caitiff , but we decline publishing it as an answer io our charges ; for the villain knows that _yliRt we said was true . " The London Mercury was made the vehicle for expressing your hatred towards TCar old associates of Birminghani who could not work -with -von , and who therefore kicked you out of
¦ jieir camp . In 1837 and 1833 you wrote for the Star , and received a guinea a-column fora pack of rubbish : vour " pa _*^ ' sometimes amounting to three guineas andahalfperweek . Yougotinmydebt £ -16 ; andthen , without a moment ' s notice , you ceased to send communications . In 1839 you were a delegate to the Convention ; and your neglect had so damaged the Operative , ihat you were compelled to raise subscriptions to keep it on its legs . You applied to me even after you had served me as above , and I gave you £ 10 . * In 1839 the Convention removed their sittings to Birmingham , at a time when perfect unanimity was , of all things , indispensable . You went to Birmingham full of jealousy towards the Rev . Mr . Stephens , whose ruin you -would now fix upon
me . You trum p ed up a m o st filt hy and beastly story about him and a very amiable little girl . Your false representation so worked on the feelin g s o f M'Dou a ll , as to induce him and Dr . Taylor to repair to London in search of Stephens . Thev met him , and received from " aim an explanation that satisfied them . Foreseeing that g reat dam a ge would accrue to the cause of the people if this quarrel should be made public , I begged of all three—Dr M'ltouall _, yourself , and Dr . Taylor—to keep it within your own " breasts . Each and all promised—yon among the number .. In fact * we were all pledged , for thc good of thc cause , never to mention the circumstance . You went the week after to Nottingham , and from thence to Barnsley . While at Nottingham
tou complained bitterly tliat Stephens was absorbing all the uopularity that belonged to the Convention , and that his popularity must be _destroyed . To accomplish that purpose , you told the beastly lie to Stephens ' s most dear and intimate friend . You then went to Barnsley : and , though _pledged to secresy , you told the whole story to Joseph Crabtrce . You mentioned thc circumstance to every one that you thought would give it wind , without implicating you : and then you _toueself went to Diikinfield to Mr . StqJiaus house ; partook of his hospitality ; choused lum out of £ 7 : aud absolutely would not go to address a public meeting , to be held that night , unless he would go and introduce you ! The _i-oison you had thus so insidiously , b ut so
treacherousK insinuated , did its work . It took effect against '" Stephens ' s popularity . " Crabtrce , of Barnsley , liaving occasion to go to Aslitou , spoke of vour revcalmcnts to Duke and to others , lie gave wu as thc authority for his statements . In a moment all" the fat was in the fire . " Meetings were holden hi Ashton , at which Stephens was denounced . Instead of boldly meeting his accusers , as I would have done , and as I am mow doing , Stephens refused to « _irc any explanation . To some extent this course was justifiable—for the " explanation" that he had criven to Drs . M'Douall and Taylor was on the Satinet understanding that no use whatever should be made of it , n o r the aff a ir allowe d to g o a whit further . However , to prevent that
engagement from being kept , your , took au effective course . Thus Stephens was placed in a most painful , and indeed cruel position . There were but two courses open for lum : the one "to explain the whole matter , and throw liimself onthe people , __ who would have visited the acts of treachery committed _against liim on the doers thereof ; and the other , t h at which he did take—a gloomy , moody silence on the subject , relying on thc character he had beforetime acquired with the people . Both courses would have resulted in mischief te the cause : and it was to prevent that , that I made cdl that Hien knew ofthe circumstance promise at Birmingham that it should never be mentioned . Your treachery , however , prevented my desire from being accomplished . Thc
mischief was done . Stephens ' s silence was construed against' hini . Denunciation and mvtsiox , in ranks till that moment unbroken , was the consequence And then the "harpies of the law" had full play ' Iu less than a month from that date nearly every prominent man in the movement reeei ypd intimation that the Government had instituted proceedings against him . Up to that moment Stephens was the only onc proceeded against ; aud the manner in which thc attack of the Government was met by the people in his case had paralysed the effort . Had Stephens been snsfained to ihe ' end as in the beginning , and had he performed the port in court whicli the people had a right to expect of him , the Whigs would have had more than a
bellyful of their prosecution , that he was not so sustained , and that he did not so act , was the effect of ront Itateful jealousy and deadly ENVY . You tK' fchcrowltt communicated that which you had engaged to kee p secret . That treachery warped the _oiiiid of both Stephens and the people . The latter _t-fithheld support—and the former foolishly _endcavoored to wash his hands of than at his trial . Division thus reigned supreme , and the Government took full advantage of it . Prosecution after prosecution followed : anil to vou , and to no other man on earth , are all thc disasters of _183 _S-9-40 owing . And vet . after all this , with a full knowledge of it
hi Mr . Stephens's possession , you had the hardihood to write that gentleman a letter from Lancaster Castle , while he was in Chester gaol , declaring that voar principal desire for liberation was to meet , aud expose the " little Doctor , " who luid broken faitlt with "Mr . Stephens , by making public use of a document obtained on thepledge that it was tobe strictly private' If you could but have seen the look of ineffable scornwith which Mr . Stephens handed over _drnt letter to a friend of mine for perusal , you uever would have forgotten it to your dying day . Believe mc , Stephens fully appreciated your then act , as well as your former act of "friendship . "
In lSiO , vou established the Southern Star , in connection with William Carpenter . When yon could get no other person to become your security at the Stamp-otHce vou applied to me , and I cheerfully acquiesced . In that year I was sent to prison for eighteen months , for publishing tour speeches ; and , at your request , I paid your family a pound a week durin < : the whole time vou were in prison . When you and Carpenter fell out , you _atampted to " assassinate " Iiini turousrh the Northern Star—hat you
* _" _* ere foiled in the attempt . Tou were plotting the whole time you were at Lancaster against the man who kept your family from starving . In June , 1841 , your ridiculous Whig " policy presented _anopportunitj _* for an open rupture . You vainly thought the Whigs would bun you . William Martin was a fellow prisoner of _vours . He was liberated before you . While together , " he asked you , " what course you would pursue on leaving Lancaster ? " You answered , "By God , Martin , I must down with Feargus O'Connor , as then U not a Md for ns both !"
During the latter months of your incarceration I was eternally annoyed by bickering and quarrelling between you audHilL " I knew what you were preparing for ; and I was determined to give you no cause of complaint . After my liberation you and I met at Eccles , at the public breakfast : and I never shall ferqet your hang-gallows look when I first saw you . * We journeyed ontogether in the same carriage to Manchester , surrounded by thousands . You were _concoctiiig what you would say in Stevenson ' s-6 quare ; aud as we were turning from Piccadilly into O ld ham-street , within a few yards of the square , I told you that I had received an anonymous l etter ¦ while in York Castle , stating that the Irish would *« ir . _fcT :- _« if I attempted to address the people m tlte
-attarc - fhe instant I said so , you called _uernara " acannev , who was in attendance in Manchester to take yyu" to Liverpool to a tea party there ; Hi d , with the agility of a clown , you jumped out of tin _carriage and ran away as fast as your legs could carry _, „ .,, j _went fo , _$ _& square ; announced the intelligence of the anonymous letter ; opened my _bix-ast—anj said ; " Sow strike who dares ! " You _J ill leam afterwards why I mention this act of cowardice . " Some time after that , on my return mm Sheffield and Bu * mingham , you dined with me at the Moseley Anns Inn , in Manchester , and mentioned tout intention of making a tour , to get funds to establish a newspaper . I told you that the Star ** _aa at v our _gerrjee , if you would send reports _wyour meetings . You said yon would ; but you _Over did , as vou had but one speech for England
_•*** _« _-iland . You took care , "however , t o announce _^¦ ir _aeejji-gs in the Star . That nig ht w e talke d 0 T ? a good manv differences . You said that jour Princi pal cause of complaint against tne was , that I attvr _^ i •* dictatoiship ; " while it would b e better if tallowed you and others to impose it upon me—as * hctatorshi p" must exist . I repudiated the offer ; f ™ we parted _-seemuigly good friends . About the _A _^ _-JI S of October you started on your _tour—™« ng all that mail could do to destroy tiie nationality m onr cause ; and abusing me , in the most ferocious _^ _" er , amon gst those who you supposed to be yeur _x ?* _S *•»•> . however , in most places , rebuked you . _nunJr 1 _™ _-oeated yourself for a time at _Bir-^ _Bpam ; and aere you spit _vourrenom thick upon *¦ _£ ¦ Yoa attended the first Stage Conference , and li m ** _# " * V « m * f < h «* the Charter . I met you " _*•• _***• - ¦ * _sorter ' s at dinner , when you expressed a fear
Gm—L N These Times Ol Political Quiet, M...
that Mr . Hill would misrepresent your proceedings at the Conference . I told you to write your ou > n version , and _^ th a t ever y wor d of it s hould go into thc Star . Y ou promised to do so , but you never did . Lithe Star of Saturday the 16 th April , there appeared thr ee col umn s and a h a lf under the head of The New " New Mo v e , " from Mr . Hill ' s pen , devoted to what you called " misrepresentation" of v our conduct at the Sturgc Conference : and on " the following Saturday , the 23 rd of April , there appeared a letter from you in the Star , complaining of the grievance , and denouncing Mr . HilL And I now beg of you to read the complimentary notice that your present" FRIEND " appended to thatletter 1 Thus we parted friends in April , 1842 , —you subsenuentlv violating every promise that you had made me . After intriguing with every delegate on the Convention that was then sitting to present the National Petition , you took your seat during the last week of
our sittings ; and from the moment of your coming , to the moment of our dissolution , you occupied our whole time with bickering , d enunci a tion , slander , and abuse . I explained my whole treatment of you in full convention , and again shook hands with you : but that was not what you wanted . On the night of that same day , we both attended a public dinner at White Conduit House ; and , after I had left , you launched out in more bitter vituperation than ever , when the meeting hissed you and groaned you down . _Ishall notnow refer t o t h e l etter written by t h e "Old Chartist , " and published by you in the British Statesman as I shall reserve comment on that document lor a _"finisher '' for your reverend FRIEND : but I come now to consider you as the editor of a " nat i onal" organ , situated , as you say " in the centre of the three kingdoms "—and heaven knows that the extension of your sphere , notwithstanding the limitation of your s pa c e , h a s not much reduced your enmit y to the man who fed you .
Before you received your commission from your present masters , they offered to make the _Nortlienx , Star the organ for the promotion of their schemes for tlic Emancipation of British industry . I received a document from their secretary , with a most flattering notice of my exertions in behalf of the labouring classes , anda request to give publicity to the document . Subsequently overtures were made by the same party to Mr . Pitkethly and other gentlemen in whom the people had confidence ; but to their honour , all declined as I had done . Spottiswoode , die concoctor of the conspiracy to unseat the Irish members , and Wilson , Clowes , and Taylor , fouk _RUim Tories , constitute thc head of this Emancipation-of-Industry Society , and their principle is an extended paper currency . They looked about for a tool—and they found a ready one «» you . As they were not aware ofthe disgust that you had created amongst the Chartists , you persuaded them that you could rally a sufficient
a mount of popular support to constitute them a nati o n a l party . It was necessary to prepare the public mind for their views by a series of lectures ; and to that end i / oiiwerestarted through England and Scotland to propound the principles of your masters' —principles that were at variance with your every previous expression on the subject . You had to recommend yourself te your masters ; and if thevc was not the substance of popular support , you were determined to furnish them with a shadow of their coming power . The Chartists suspected you , and would not call meetings to hear you ; and wherever you failed in procuring an audience to listen to your apostacy , you saidtotheleaders , "Damnit , Idont caxe about ameeting ; BUT I WAXT A BIL 1 , _ANSOCSCISG IT , PRINTED , TO SEND TO PARTIES IN LONDON , to let them see that I am doing sometliing . " Amongst others , you made thc declaration to Mr . Webb , of Stockport , when he told you that the people would not near
you . Now , to whom did you send those bills ? Who PAID THE EX -JESSES OI ? _XCCH LOSISO TOUR ? Who supplied the means of starting you in your newspaper crusade against your old faith ? And why did they establish you upon a rock in the midst of the ocean ? Did you send the bills to thc Chartist Executive ? or to any popular body in Loudon ? No ! You sent tliem to tlte Tory conspirators , whose tool tou are Who paid your expenses ? Thc same Tories . Who found you the materials for your " central" journal ? The same parties : Wilson , the type-founder , being one of them . He sent you the type : and the reason why they established you in thc Isle of Man was , because there is no stamp duty payable there upon
newspapers : no awkward registration of _jrroprictors names : and "because they could not trust you in London , as the registered proprietor : and it would not do to allow any inquisitive applicant to know that James Bronterre O'Brien was the editor of a paper _registered as the property of four Tory conspirators ' . iVhat was your conduct _throughout your tour of probation ? Did you not work heavcu and earth to break up the Chartist movement , an d to destr oy Feargus O'Connor ? And what has been your most prolific subject since you were placed in a situation to give vent to your spleen ? Has not your small space been almost exclusively devoted to the ravings of those against whose jealousy I defended you for years ? Can you consider , without blushing , of the infamy of the dishonest knaves upon whose word you now place the stamp of truth ? Search the wholc Chartist body , and where will you find so bad a man a s the b est of vour present lot of correspondents ?
Who christened you " the starved vu _* er ? " Who charged ME , in the Northern Star , with having prevented hisearlier destruction of you ? Who held you up onthe 16 th of April , 1842 , as a renegade and a traitor ? With whom have you been in perpetual warfare for the last seven years ? Who has characterised you as the most dangerous villain that ever lived ? And who now is your esteemed coadjstoi * aud vour honoured "FRIEND ? " Why tlte parson _lrifhoutaflock '—the man who met me in my own office , in London , in January last : aye , in January last , when he came to town to prosecute his old friend aud constant compauion , T . B . Smith , for a publication charging on him a series of most foul and disgraceful acts , but of which prosecution I have not since heard . Isay Ithenmet liimon visiting my own office ; and he advanced to meet me , saying : " How are you , sir ? [ am glad to see you looking so well ; may I take the liberty of having my letters addressed to vour office ?"
In the Reformer of the 19 th of last month , you vaunti n gl y say : "Perish 500 , 5000 , 5 , 000 , 000 National Reformers , rather than allow such men as Mosley and Ashton to be ruined ! " My good sir , you are playing ou velvet . Whatever becomes of the property of your employers , tod will not perish while there ' s a job to be had for a hireling . Do you ever reflect , sir ) that the people will understand thathe who complains of starvation in one week ; who is glad to receive 4 s . 2 d . for a lecture at the South London Chartist Hall ; who starts the next week upon au expensive tour ; and who subsequently establishes one of the most expensive things in the world—a newspaper—could not do so without aid ? And will they not inquire from whom , and for what , that aid is
given ? Sir , 500 , 5000 , and many 5000 National Reformers , are at this moment piled up in the shops ol your agents as waste paper , whose orders for reducing their numbers are invariably neglected , as Spottiswoode and Co . have to stand the expense . Do you suppose that the far-seeing people will tolerate such an abuse ? Will they not draw a contrast something lihe thc following 1— " O'Connor came amongst us a rich man . He has worked as never man worked before . He has remained firm as a rock to his principles . He has never condescended to intrigue . He has preserved bis consistency and character through th e try ing period of political calm . He lias suffered , without complaining , for defaults , ihe follies , and cowardice of others ; and he is n o w a p oor man : while
O'Brien came amongst us a pauper ; lived upon our nicaus ; watched the turn of fortune's wheel to injure o u r c a u s e a nd sta b our f rien d s : became an a p ostat e politician—a false friend—a vindictive enemy—a suspicious fool—a puling coward , and _secbet tool of the people ' s bitterest foes . " I shall now revert to a subject which you should have been the last man in the world to have touched uDon—I mean that of personal courage . After your puolication of the letter of the " Old Chartist" in the Statesman , you called mc a coward : and since then you have harped upon this expression , until at length your new associate , the parson without a flock , reiterates it in his letter to you last week , with reference to the Manchester Conference . He says : " to me , I repeat , he showed in the li g ht of an arrant cowar d , _slmnkiBg from the pincn ; a mastiff , cowed and scared "by the barking of his own pups . " I have shown you " wh o kille d Ta y lor , " and _' the
others tbat you have buried in my cemetery , and next week I will make an exhibition of tliis defiled parson . Meantime , on the q uestion of personal bravery , I'll prove YOU to be a coward , personally , sectionally , nat i onall y , and universally . In 1838 , Mr . Glenny was proprietor of the London Dispatch ; and he published a ver v ins o l e nt p a ra g r ap h , reflecting on my conduct with ' respect to Mr . O'Connell . I instantly wrote to you , requesting that you would take hun a message from me—a challenge : that you would keep the matter secret , and communicate to me the time and place of meeting by return of post . I told you that I had no other friend that I could trust . Your a nswer was , that " y ou wer e n o t afig htingman ! that you couldn't think of meddling in the matter , as y ou didn 't approve ofdueMngor _/ _oMii-jatall . " This was before you tested the people as to whether they were " up io the mark " or not ! When I en-
Gm—L N These Times Ol Political Quiet, M...
V ? > .. as atl risJl TOhuiteei ' , and paid my guinea to *? i ° Con , neII who was the colonel of our regiment , John Lawless dined with me the same day ; and in speaking of the Irish volunteers he said , " Well , O Connor , this is a joke : the Colonel of the Irish Volunt e ers has re g istered a vow i n he a ven not to fight ! By God , I liink the Colonel of such a corps should fight every mau that asks him . " N o w , I d o n 't go quite so far : but I do tliink that a man who would get a nation " up to the mark , " should not refuse to stand by his friend on a point of honour . You did . In 1 S 39 , after you had got the _peeple " cp to the mark" against the introduction of the London police into the manufacturing districts , you attended a meeting at Bury , and told the people that " they should resist such an act of tyranny , even to thc death : that for yourself
you were willing to . die m such a glorious cause . " Having roused your audience to the highest pitch of desperation , it happened , -most unfortunately and unseasonably , that a * detachment of police did at the moment march into Bury : and the scouts , who witnessed the sMrmish between the people and thc police , ran down to the hall for their leader who had got them " up to the mark . " Of course the LEADER said : " Follow me . I will be as good as my word . " Not a bit of it ! He said instead : " Shut the door ; shut the door ! for God's sake let no man go out' See the situation you would put ME in ! our resistance must be " constitutioxal . " Now , wasn't tliat pretty well for a leader who was " up to the mark ? " Y o u ran a wa y fr o m Stevonson ' s-souare _, when you knew that _danercr
threatened . You blubbered like a great school-boy when the judge passed sentence upon you , and asked him , for God ' s sake , to tr a n sp ort you . You were ih the same ward at Lancaster with the Hon . Mr . Plunkett , a little fellow not up to your shoulder , who thrashed y o u until you we r e o b li ged to call out for mercy . O , what a hero you are ' N o w , sir , I have been on the ground four times , with good marksmen , with loaded pistols , within twelve yards of me . I have invariably fought every man that asked me . I have been fired at , but never returned my opponent ' s fire . I didn't flinch from thc chance of a second shot : but I have a great horror of taking away life . 1 h a v e b e en on the g roun d with two o f th e most celebrated duelists . 1 fought for my life against a band of armed assassins at Manchester . I fought
until I was knocked down five times , and renewed the battle until every mau of my party , myself amon g st th e m , was disabled . I faced the threatened a tt a ck o f th e same party on the followin g ni ght , refusing the protection of tiie police , or to allow a single man to accompany me . I fought in Nottingham market-place against fearful odds . I would have fought in Manchester , in 1842 , if there had been any oc c asi o n t o fi g ht , but there was not : for those who declared that " all our machinery was to be ready in eight days , " excepting James Leach , were , in less than eight hours , scam pe rin g off in all directions across the country , in search of hiding-places . But , sir , daring as I may be where my own personal safety is only concerned , I am not" coward" enou g h , with a knowledge of my own weakness , to rous e a national fury which may end in the sacrifice of millions ! Y ou , sir , are a coward —& slavish coward . You have resorted to the meanest , t h e basest , thc most cowardly subterfuge to justify your hostility
to me . Well knowing that I had left you no political c a use of com p laint , you have _whispex-ed some cause for PRIVATE PIQJJE . A ame tt , sir ! I defy you . You say that " after the revelations of Mosley , Ashton , and Hill , I ought to transport myself to some foreign land . " No , sir , * I will remain here —here , where I have raised au honest fame—where I have gained an irreproachable character ; where I have fed the poor , c lothed the n a ke d , fought for the oppressed , and nourished the vipers who would now sting me if they had the power . You , sir , have taken the first step in a dishonourable retreat . You have banished yoursdf to a rock , preparatory to taking shelter in the wilds—afraid to meet the odium that youhave created in the sphere of your turpitude and apostacy . Your whole life has ' b een one of whining , crying , puling , complaint of cons p irac y against you . Your whole thought has been absorbed in intrigue . You have exhausted the little stock of novelt y that you had . You have lived to be despised ,- and you will die dishonored .
As this is the last letter that I shall ever condescend to write to you , I shall , before concluding , notice a p ara g ra p h in y our last numb er , in your comment on Mr . Hill's letter . You say , " Nay , he ought to have gone , before his friend , " Sir Frederick Pollock manufactured the 5 th count for Ids convenience ,- or at any rate , while liis Ltincustei' jury was deliberating on their verdict . He ought to have set off the moment Sir Frederick Pollock whispered into his ear , — ' Take care , O'Connor , that you are not in court when thc jury returns ; for should thc verdict be against you it will be my duty to move that you stand committed . '" Silly fool' do you suppose that governments spend thousands fornought but the honour ef being defeated ? Your parson ally has not-told you , that when pressed to speak , he assigned
as a reason for his silence , that if he werc not so , he should commit ihe whole party ! What , now , do you think of your coadjutor ? Wasn't he " a pretty companion iu arms ? " But then to be in conspiracy with Sir Frederick Pollock ! You unfortunate stumbler ' Listen to the easy solution that an honourable man can give to the most suspicious charges . The defendants were all under heavy bail to attesd axd take their trial at Laxcaster : but when they appeared at the bar , that bail was discharged ; but if they were convicted , they were compelled to find fresh bail , to appear when called on to receive judgment in the Court of Queen ' s Bench . You ignorant fellow ! The trial being an issue from thc court ot Queen's Bench , the judge at Lancaster had no tower to pass sentence ! ' I was prepared with
bail ; aud perhaps was thc only man that was : but my solicitude was for those with ivhom I had embarked . 1 ' sa i d t o S ir F red erick Pollock : " In the event of the verdict being for the Crown , will you insist upon the defendants giving bail NOW to receivejudgment , or wi l l you a llow th e m to g o ho me and find b ail , which can be taken by the magistrates , the j ud g e rulin g thc amount ;? " Sir Frederick Pollock replied : "If thev aw in court when thc verdict is delivered , I shallbe obliged to insist upon bail being given NOW : but I have no desire whatever to inconvenience the poor f ellows , if you will undertake that they shall give bail . " 1 replied , "I will : " and _instantly turning round to my co-conspirators said , " Follow me every man of you , before the j ury r e turns , or you may all be committed for want of bail . " Now , you stupid fellow , wh o co ul d h ave told th a t but myself ? I did tell it to my companions ; and proudl y boasted ofthe inconvenience I had spared them . You heard the storv that has redounded to mv credit , and .
like a rascal , you would pervert it to my dishonour . Thereis one thing that you and your parson friend have wholly forgotten : the number of witnesses both at the Manchester Conference and the Lancaster trial who can bear testimony to all that occurred . Now , sir , I have shewn that as a journalist you are disgraced , and as a man you are dishonoured . You h a ve d o ne more i n j ury t o th e p eo ple's cause thau any man that ever lived . You have become the base tool of a base faction ; and as Ward , of Barnsley , told you last week , you have attempted to effect what neither the Whig nor Tory press could accomplish . In vain , however , have you endeavoured to injure me . The popular love and affection that is entwined round my heart defies the entrance of your poison . Even in the calm , when nothing can be done , they honour me for what I have attempted ; while they righteously despise those who would snap the link that binds us . Feargus O'Connor .
And National Trades' Journal.
AND NATIONAL _TRADES' JOURNAL .
Vol. Viii. No. 391. London, Satijeda^Mi|...
VOL . VIII . NO . 391 . LONDON , SATIJEDA _^ _mI |~ 1 o ~ 1845 _™™>™« _- _'"' ===== —— - __—^ ' _-t- * - _* v / _At _*' _- . t . jj _^ la . A 1 U _AU- ± 0 . -f ? h «> SbllHiif 5 S niul Sixpence pev _ilui' _-i-ler
Tfonimt Latehi-Aente
_tfonimt _lateHi-aente
France. The Jesuits.—The Fortifications....
FRANCE . The Jesuits . —The Fortifications . — In our seventh page will be found a brief article explanatory ofthe debates in the French Chambers on the Jesuits , and the fortifications . The Paris papers of Tuesday refer to the mission ofM . Rossi to Rome , which , if we are to credit the _Conftitutionnrf , has n t only failed , but by its failure is likely to lead to the retirement from thc Cabinet of the Keeper ofthe Seals . M . Rossi ' s mission was sii _* _- ;; osed to have had for object the interference _oftl-i * Pope with the General ofthe Jesuits at Rome , relative to the proceedings of that society in Switzerland and in France ; and , furthermore , to induce his Holiness to exercise his influence over the French _bishoi « . whose abuse of
authority , in regard to their defiance of the Council of State , their denunciation of books , such as that ol M . Diipin , -fee ., was _cair ing much agitation of a most serious character in the minds ofthe French people . M . Rossi had hardly set his foot in Rome , when his eyes met a proclamation announcing that M . Dupin s book , am o n g othe r s , h ad been condemned to a place in the index : and the buttle of Lucerne following hard upon , was an event not calculated to lower the crest of the Jesuits . Tims the double object of his mission seemed to have been anticipated a nd answ e red by the Pope's marked adherence to the views of the French bishops , and by the ominous event which the _Jesuitsregarded as a _signal intervention of Providence . The debate upo _** . * h e Fortifications Armament Bill has given M . Arago an opportunity for astonishing the people by a display of very peculiar information . M . Arago has a pla _* h i » his head for pumping the Seine into the trenches
France. The Jesuits.—The Fortifications....
around the walls ,. and ¦ fbr making artificial bad weather , by causing it to rain perpetually upon the besiegers . As the present style of cannon will , he thinks , soon be exp loded , ho opposes the avmawicnt of the walls . For the moment he leans to Perkins ' s steam-gun , but has not made up his mind ; but the Deputies will not wait thc result ofthe philosopher ' s meditations , aud the bill is galloping tlirougli the house . Deaths of Eminent Frenchmen . —The National announces the death of M . Cavaicsac , a heavy loss to the republican party , w h o s e coura g e , talents , anil fortune contributed to sustain it iu many trials . IhcCoumcr _ft-ancais announces the death of a former member of the Council of Five Hundred , M . Chabert _, Lieutenant-General on the retired list at Grenoble , m the 87 th year of his age . M . _Bover Foiifrede , brother to the illustrious Girondin _betieadedinthe revolution , died atBagneres de Bigorr , on the 2 nd instant .
Paris , Wednesday . —The debate upon thc general principle ofthe Fortifications ofthe Paris Armament Bill terminated the previous evening , by the chamber passing , by an overwhelming majority , to the consideration of theclauses . The discussion on the several articles of the Bill commenced this day . By Art . 1 a sum of M , 130 , 000 f , is specially devoted to the fabrication of the artillery necessary for the Armament of the continuous wall of Paris and the external works of the fortifications dependent on it . General Subcrvie _opDosed the article , as he considered thc funds voted ; in the ordinary budget were quite sufficierit for the purpose . M , Arago was left speaking against the saeasure when the courier left .
Paws , _Tfli'ssDAr . —The fhst clause of the Fortific a ti o ns of . Paris Armament Bill was last evening carried b . v a majority of 227 to 144 ; the reporter of the commission , having previously to voting proposed , in order to quiet the apprehensions of parties , that the cannon to be deposited at Bourges should not be transported to Paris , except in case of war . The debate gave rise to a good deal of personal recrimin a ti o n , particularly between M . Thiers and M . de Lainartine . M . De Remusat , who had been Minister of tlic Interior under M . _Thiers ' s administration , said he prided himself upon having taken part in so useful a measure , of which he gloried in sharing the responsibility . " And I , " exclaimed M . De Lamartine , " so far from shaving the sentiment of M . De Remusat , that he desired to see his name inscribed upon the fortification of Paris , hope that mine shall one day be inscribed upon their ruins . "
But the incidents of the debate were not to end here , for M , Odilon Barrofc , the leader of the left , formally separated himself and his . party from M . Thiers upon this question . While this scene was passing within tbe walls of thc chamber , onc not less exciting was taking place out of doors . The funeral of M .. De _Cavaignac , editor of the Reforme , attend e d by some five thousand or so of the Democratic party , of which he ' _. h a d been th e organ , was turned into a n occasion f o r d e cl am a ti o n against the fortifications ol Paris . M . Lcdru Rollin , in a funeral oration , recalled to mind that each remarkable attack upon public liberty had been attended by thc death of some of its great champions . Armand Carrel fell at the period of the passing of thc restrictive laws against the press : Gamier Pages' last
act was to vote against the fortifications of Paris ; and Cavaignac was buried upon the day when tlieir armament was to be decreed . Several other speakers foll o we d in th e s ame sense , among whom app e a r e d L o uis Blanc , the hostile historian of the present reign . , This day ( Thursday ) the Chamber resumed thc discussion on the Fortifications Armament Bill . M . De Laroche-Jaquclin proposed as an amendment : — " That tho guns necessary for the fortifications of Paris should be deposited at Toulouse—a special law a lone , and tbat on l y in case of war , should authorise the arming of the fortifications of Paris . In the case of their being armed , thc Parliament should not be assembl e d in Pari s , but in some other city less liable to the attack of the enemy . Any deviation from this bill should be considered as an attempt against the constitution of thc country . "
The hon . deputy developed his amendment at some len g th , but as it wa s not su pp orte d , it fell to thc ground . M . Be thmont p ro p osed an am e ndm e nt th a t the guns necessary for the fortifications should be deposited at Bourges , and should not be carried to Paris but in virtue of a special law . M . Lindius opposed the amendment , and M . De Tocqucvill' _- * supported it , and was left addressing the chamber when tho courier left .
SWITZERLAND . The Free Corps . —A letter from Berne , of the 30 th ult ., states , that in the sitting of the preceding day the Grand Council , on the proposition ofthe Executive Council , adopted the following resolution by a majority of 169 votes to 25 : — " All further proceedings against the free corps arc stopped . In thc month of June the Executive Council will present a bill against the free corps ; but , should fresh expeditions take place , the Government can interfere . " A correspondent from Argau states , that thc Grand Council of that canton has voted thc sum of 100 , 000 francs to be paid to the Government of Lucerne ; and that it has decreed a full and free amnesty of all political offences committed since 1341 .
The Liberals in Lucerne . — A lett e r from Lu c erne , o f the 1 st , informs us that the elections for the Grand Council of that state had commenced , and were proceeding in favour of the Liberals . In thc town of Lucerne , out of sev e n m e mbers r e turned , six a r e of the Lib e ral party . The same letter gives an account o f a c urious sentence , a t Nidwald , upon a Lieut . Nermaun , who had joined the free corps in the attack upon Lucerne . He is condemned to stand in the public market-p lace for f o ur hours with a r o d in his hand , then to be flogged with it , and afterwards to be imprisoned for six mouths , during wliich he is to receive '' religious instruction . " London , Saturday , Mat 10 . —The New Zurich Gazette states from Lucerne , May 3 rd , that Dr . Stei g er , one of the leaders of the late movement , has been tr i e d b y the Crimin a l Tri b unal , and condemned to be shot .
POLAND . * More Ruffianism of Victoria ' s Russian Pet . — A letter from Warsaw , of April 23 , states that the Emperor of Russia has published an ukase , declaring tbat all Jews must lay aside their costume , and assum o the national one . No one can escape from the effects of this decree longer than for five years , from the present time , and even t i ll then onl y by paying a sum of money .
MOROCCO . Abd-ei > Kadeb . —A letter from Toulon states , th a t t he Em p er o r of M o rocc o was , at the date ofthe last accounts , earnestly endeavouring to capture Abd-el-Kader . The brother of the Emir Sidi Said , who had been sent to Fez to calm the anger of the Emperor , had been killed there—some accounts say by order of the Soverei g n , others that he fell a victim to the populace .
INDIA AND CHINA . overland mail . The Overland Mail has been received . Thc dates are , from Bombay to the 1 st of April , from Western Australia to the 24 th of January , from Chin a to tho 7 th of February , from Calcutta to the 21 st , from Madras and Delhi to the 23 rd of March . So far as Gangetic India is concerned , the mail has been in p art ant i c ipated by thc dispatches ofthe 6 th . The troubles in the southern Mahratta country werc over , a vast number of p risoners ofthe baser sort having been taken . The chiefs at length surrendered themselves . The troops are now nearly all withdrawn . Th e last det a in e d deta c hments are hastenin g into the cantonments . In Scinde matters in the main
are peaceful . Sir C . Napier , with a force of 7 , 000 men , still continues beyond the desert . There ia a rumour , but of doubtful credibility , that the _maraudinachiefshave surrendered themselves . The troops will in all likelihood return as fast as possible to Sukkur . The hot weather is at hand , and tlicy have been sorely pinched of late for want of provisions . The Pun j au b continues the se e ne o f outra ge , tr e ach er y , and intestine war ; it seems to have been resolved to let thc Sikhs settl e their own q uarrels , without our interference . The Governor-General continues at Calcutta , from which it will be impossible for him now to move till the end of August . His
Government is realising the expectations formed of it from the beginning , of being most pe r f ect ly pacific . Every thing is tranquil throughout India . . Cholera prevails amongst some of the Madras troops , but tiie health and condition of the people at large is satisfactory . The Bishop of Calcutta is obliged to return to England on furlough for the benefit of his health . The government of Mr . Pavis , at Victoria , China , seems to be unpopular . He appears to have fallen into the error of considering the chief function ol a governor to be the collection of faxes . [ An " error " winch all governors and g overnments invari ab l y fa ll into . ]
Affairs in the Punjaub . —More Slaughter . — Bombay , April 1 . —The events in the Punjaub during the past month have been ofthe most extraordinary nature that can be imagined even by the reader of Oriental history . At the date of our last , troops were marching towards Jumboo to attack Goolab Sing . Rajah Lull Sing had been appointed commander oi the assailing force , which amounted to about 10 , 000 in all , with about 50 _guna . About thc
France. The Jesuits.—The Fortifications....
third week of February negociations were , in progress to avert a conflict . Goolab Sing undertook to give an immediate gratuity of £ 50 , 009 ' to the soldiers , promising a gift ofhalf a million to be afterwar d s r e ceived by the State . The de p uti e s sent to Jumboo had received the money , and were on their way back again , when they were set upon , robbed , and murdered , by order of Goolab Sing ! ' As might have been imagined , this act of unparalleled-treachery infuriated the army , who resolved to proceed immediately to punish its perpetrator . Tlicy were met , however , on their way , attacked or defeated by the Jumboo troops , with the loss of about 2000 lulled and wounded . Afraid that victory might desert him ,
Goolab Sing forwarded a sum of money as a pcaccoffcring to the defeated soldiers , who readily accepted it , and agreed that no further notice should be taken . What may happen next it is impossible to conjecture . The Governor-General maintains a strong force along our frontier , but seems determined that the British Government shall not , until compelled by t h e most iainerious necessity , interfere . Loss of the Ship lxaLis . —JavaC'ourants , rece i ve d _since-our last , supply accounts ofthe loss of the Inglis , near _Anjecr . The Inglis , Isaacson , 1 600 tons b urden , sailed from Bombay on the 14 th of December , for China , with a cargo of 7000 bales of cotton , Sic , and on . the 10 th of January last , during aheavyN . W . storm , and thick fog , got oh shore . Every exertion
was made to get her off by throwing cargo ovevhoavd , a nd carry ing out the anchors for the purpose of warping her out , but tho chains . of . both anchors broke , from the strain upon them , and she only became more firmly fixed . The masts . were cutaway , but without effect , and the vessel , remained on the sand in II feet of water , she drawing 23 feet in the after part . The Dutch government , steamer Hccla was dispatched from Batavia on > ihe 18 th , immediately on receipt of the news ofthe Inglis's condition , and arrived at Anjeer on the 14 th , after encountering very bad weather . The Ilecla rendered every assistance , and the Dutch authorities at Anjeer were also equally active . During five nights and four days the crow of the In g li s , assisted by 200 natives of Java , with
about 30 prahiis broughiby the assistant resident of Anjeer , worked without intermission , in the niiilst of a constant storm , in trying to save the ship and cargo , but owing to the small size of the only boats obtainable at Anjeer , and the h ea vy s urf , wh i ch ren de r e d it difficult to approach , so much was not accomplished as might otherwise have been done from thc activity and good-will with- whicli all exerted themselves . About 1200 bales of cotton , the guns , tho greater-part of the sails , and some articles found near at baud , were saved . The . weather having moderated , there w ere s o m e e x p ecta t ions entertain e d that by cuttin g int o th e vess el on the side next thc shore a large par t of the cargo mig ht be g ot out , the wreck not being more than 50 or 00 fathoms from the shore , but we have not yet learned whether tliese expectations were realised . Tha vessel will in all probability go to
pieces , as she was much injured by _thogale and the hcav _^ surf which broke over her . On the 17 th , the c a p tain and crew , consisting of _100-liands , left the wreck and . went to Anjeer , wher e tjiey were taken care of by . the assistant resident . On tiie 10 th , Capt . Is a acson a nd 23 o f thc c r e w p roce e de d to B a t a via in the Dutch vessel Maximilian Theodore , where tliey arrived on the 26 th January . Oaptain Isaacson has since died , no doubt from thc fatigue and anxiety undergone by him . We also learn that a vessel has been chartered to bring the crew to Singapore . — Singapore Free Press , March 0 th . A great Finn , by which 800 houses were consumed , and much property , has occurred in Moulmein , but it has had the effect of clearing thc overgrown place , which will be rebuilt on a better principle and on more open ground .
Fate of the 7 8 th _Hiohlanders . — I a m sorr y to s e c t h at the 78 th , which arrived at Bombay from Scinde , somewhat recovered b . v the sea trip , is again in a miserable state with dysentery at Bombay , dysentery being the consequence ofthe Scinde fever . What will be done with the remains of this late splendid corps of Highlanders does not appear , but their fate is a miserable one to think on . —Correspondent of the Times .
WEST INDIES . _Soutkamfiox _, Monday . — Th e Cly de , Royal Mail Company's steam-ship , Capt . W . Symons , arrived this evening at nine o ' cloek , bringing the usual West India mails . Her dates of departure arc from Honduras 20 th March , Tampico 20 th , Vera Cruz 2 nd April , La Oruayra 3 rd , Deinerara 4 th , Trinidad 5 th , Barbadoes and Jamaica 8 th . Grenada 10 th , St . Thomas ' s 15 th , and Bermuda 20 th , She brings no news of importance from the British possessions . We learn from Jamaica , that the ex-President of Hayti Herard had sailed from that place fov _Hayti , in the Columbian ( schooner ) , El Greuadina , p urchased for the purpose of the expedition . His irotives are strong ly suspected , and it is much t o bo feared that this enterprise will once more plunge that unhappy country in all the horrors of a civil war .
MEXICO . Unsettled State of the Country . — 'flic Clyde brings advices from Mexico , down to thc 2 nd of April . The whole country is represented as being in a most unsettled and disturbed state , and from this fact may be attributed the comparative small shipment of dollars on account of the dividends . Nothing is yet decisive as to the ultimate fate of Santa Anna . He was still confined in the Castle of Perote , the existi n g G o vernm e nt bein g b y far too insecure and on too fragile a footing to adopt any measures regarding his future destiny . Nearly the whole population are much disappointed in the advantages which , thoy anti c i pated from the deposition of Santa Anna . They had begun to lose confidence in their present rulers . The mercantile community , in particular , were highly dissatisfied in regard to the promised alterations in
the tariff , which had not yet been ceded to them . A large military force was ready to support any movement—in short , another civ i l wa r was considere d inevitable unless a more energetic Government came into power . A plot had been discovered amongst a portion of troops for declaring in favour of Santa Anna and a federal Government : it was , however , suppressed for the present . _Busine _,- } . ** h \ any _sliapc was in a wr e t c h e dl y dull state , and complaints were not without reason . Up to the date of the sailing of the Clyde the Government had not taken any steps in regard to Texas , nor could anything be learned as to wh e ther it w a s proba b le a war would b e de c l a red against that country . Gomez Farias , formerly President , who has been in banishment for some years , has returned to Mexico , and will p robabl y be elevated to the presidency , instead of nerrera , who was too aged to hold it .
BUENOS AYRES AND MONTE VIDEO . Liverpool , Monday Afternoon . —Wc have intelligence that the government of General Rosas had issued the following decree for the purpose of distressing Monte Video , and forwarding the views of Gen . Oribe : — _"Abozntiub Hevublic , "Buenos Ayres , Feb . 13 , 1845 . " The government of Buenos Ayres , charged -villi tlic exterior relations nnd the affairs of _pcacu and war by tlic Argentine confederation , decrees" 1 . That the communication with the city of Monte Video shall be closed from tho 1 st of March next . " 2 . That tlic captain of this port shall not give right of entry to any vessel coming from the port of Monte Video , whenever it shall have come from there directly , or shall have touched there on its course , for any reason whatever . " 3 . Orders exception to be made in the ease of English packets from Europe , and of the vessels of war of friendly nations .
" 4 . That the decree is to remain in force so long as the city of Monte Video shall continue in the power of thc ruthless Unitarians , and shall cease from the entrance into that city of the army of operation . ( Signed ) « Y KOSAS . " The above decree is an indirect way of establishing the blockade of Monte Video , in the place of that which thc French and English commanders have refused to recognise , and th e re can b e no doubt th a t , if recognised , it will p roduce extreme inconvenience to trade and commerce . All thc vessels conveying salt to the River Plate discharge part of their carg o e s at Mont e Vid e o , and manv of those conveying
Manchester goods do likewise . Tliis clause , if recognised , will put an end to this trade , and will have the effect of excluding them absolutely from the west Mrgood side of the river . We believe , however , t b at it will be found to be totally unauthorised by the law of nations , and that its onlv effect will be to hasten tho interference of England and France . The new French Minister had been at Buenos Ayres ten days when the last account left that place . A private letter states that he was so _disgusted with the conduct of General Rosas , in refusing , or rather avoiding , to gi ve an au d ience to him , that he had intimated : to our Minister that if the audience was postponed any longer he would quit the Republic .
GERMANY . Reported Murder of the Celebrated Reformer John RoNOE . —{ From a Correspondent . )— " A friend of mine has seen a letter from a clergyman at Berlin , who states that M . John Ronge , of the German Catholic Church , has been murdered by the Roman Catholics ; that they have shot hun . _-iWorronjf Herald . _rmov _Unsatisfactort State or the CouNTRr .-The following is from the correspondent ot the Morning Herald--
France. The Jesuits.—The Fortifications....
ATH 3 NS _, April 21 . —For -severs * 1 weeks past the country has been kept in afeverish stateo f apprehension _^ Reports have been industriously pirculat ed of dark conspiracies and approaching insurrections , and the most fearful alarmists have been the agents aud functionaries of the government . _Whcthw their fears * ., were simulated , and their intention was , by sucii . imputatii ms , to excite the enmity and indignation of all those wl io _ars interested in the maintenance of order , and tr anquillity against their political opponents , . whom thej accused of . a design to revolutionise the country , or wl icther thev felt that their
shameless _violations-oi the com _. titution , their scandalous waste of" tlte pubiic money i n the corruption of the representatives of Hie people fo : rthe purpose of obtaining and securing a _vmial majority * in thc chamber , the cruel persecution of their political af Ivcrsaries , and the horrible oppression aud tortures ciuplo ycd against them and their families , might at length hav * exhausted thc patience of the _coutifiy , . nnd that the hor ir of retribution was not far off , _me-tsuves were taken _bof ) i in the cnpit . il aiid in the provinces , as if the _daiijrei _* - , Vcre _c-rhln and imminent . Proclamations were every * - here made , calling upon the people to place their confid .,,, ¦ „ _,- _,,. patriotism and hrmncssofthC _i 5 _ovCTOTO-. nt , nnd the _.- ieailS ihey wouW employ tor _thepreservation 01 - ftc TOMtitutioll and of the public tranquillity The g « rriS 0 J ) , lm , ms roinforcell , „ .
• W 0 _eusd-mnesaiui a _batti dim . f irr «* jt , lnr troops : irhile two companies ot the hue , . re tlctMhDd t 0 Tri . )( ,, itM the uniform ot . the regular troop , being distasteful to the eves of- Itoyalty ever s _* ince thev surrounded the palace under their gallant commander Knlergi on tiie memorable night of the 3 rd ( 15 tH Supt « m ° _bc rY nnd no less disliked by _<" ¦ _* - ilettl and his colleagues , who rel v for support entirely upon the Palikwti and the brigands lately amnestied , who now sir arm in our streets . There is , indeed , au evident iateutiom on the part of the ministry to rid themselves entirely from all apprehension of the regular ariuy , by the natural operation of tlic law of conseription , wliich limits the-term Of service to four years , so that one-fourth of the troc > ps i 3 renewed every year , to supply thc place of those wh o retire . But this year the
conscription has not been j . ut fc force , and in the month of . Tune the regular force ' will be reduced to little more than 120 () men , and will ho atoit as effective as the Greek marine ,, now dwindled down to one corve ' _tte and halt ' a dozen _gun-boats . _HavLtg by his alarming 'demonstration successfully imposed , as he _flaUcrs himself , upon tlic fears of tlio people , en joying at _trci-eat the favm n < ofthe "King , whoinhc has conciliated by _tbs promise of obtaining from _, fhe chambers thc grant of i * . splendid c _* .- . il list , and supported , as it appears , by the minister s of France aud Austria , he seems naturally enough fo . c : - _. kulftte upon the retention of power for some time to cow e . In the meantime he is preparing * himself . to . aceon , w ' > any the King and Queen on a tour they are about to make , and for the purposo _, it should seem , of _winniuf ; the Royal smiles for noblo horsemanship , kr , is daily . pr- act ' _sing _rfifiuy on a _horselatelysenttohim from Egypt . As for thc graver matter of the demand presented bv- the ministers of the allies with reference to the payment ofthe interest of th «
loan , it troubles him very little ; s . nd to the intimation that it is expected that the inter-est be paid regularly in future-, his answer seems to be a "mere paraphrase of that refined expression so much _uat'd by a certain class in Loudon streets , " Dou't you - » is ! n you _remy get it V In fact , if the allies do not take some _effectual measures to help themselves , they may _bi-n-ssureil they never will get one fraction cither of principal ov interest , at least as long as sueh persons as Dr . Coletti , and the _Moscomangite fae . tion arc ministers of- Grceix _* . Thic chambers have now been open more than seven months , and not one measure of public utility has yet _Iwou enacted-, but Coletti has at length succeeded , by his vena ! majority in excluding Mav . rocordato , . ilth-Uigh he had been returned by four constituencies . By thc same uiean 3 lie has prevented thc reelection of General Lc'ido and the deputies of Hydra , protracting- the opening ofthe ballot upon Hie most frivolous pretexts . UNITED STATES .
Lonbo :, - , _Tbdhsdat , May 8 . —The fust awling ship Sen , Captain Edwards , arrived nt Liverpool yesterday evening , having loft " % iv York oa the llth Aprii , _DiiEiDrut . Fiue at _PrriSBOBon . —Loss o * Lire and Immense _Destruction or _rnovEixvx . —We have received by this arrival distressing _aecounts of a most disastrous fire at Pittsburgh , a rising and important city in Pennsylvania , _destroying twenty squares of the city , _comprising about 1 , 200 houses , thc bss of which is estimated at £ 2 , 00 . 0 , 000 sterling . It is the next largest city to Philadelphia in tho State of Fennsylvania . Its . population U about 20 , 000 , aud was becoming a place of great commercial importance . Tliere had also been great fires at Boston nnd Xew York . The following account of this tremendous conflagration is taken from the Pittsburgh Post of the 1 _UU April : —
It is our painful duty to record onc of the most terrible firos that ever devastated . any city on this continent . A great portion of our busy and populous town is in mint The destruction of property is said to be about twenty squares , and comprising from 1 , 000 to 1 , 200 houses ; many ofthe warehouses contained goods of immemo valuethey were grocery , dry goods , and commission houses , and their spring stocks had been just laid in . The fira originated * in a frame building over au ice-house belonging to IVilliam Diehl , near the corner of Second aud Perry streets . The wind was blowing stiffly from tho north-west , though it frequently veered to other points , and , owing to its variations , the fire extended farther than-it otherwise could have done , It was discovered ahout twelve o ' clock , and was not materially checked til
five in the afternoon . The councils mot in the afternoon , and attempted to devise some means to stay the conflagration . It was proposed to blow up houses that seemed in tlic way of the flames ; the _ileJilarations , iiowevor ,- wen . iiiLm . _olu'il in results , and we believe but one or two buildings were blown up . Tiiere is abundant reason for thankfulness that so few lives were lost . There aro many rumours of mea being killed , and burnt , and wounded—but they are not ' authent .: _atciiU Oue woman is certainly burnt , and we saw a poor old man tottering along with tlic help of two friends , his face badly burned . The loss of life , however , cannot be learned in the awful confusion which prevails . The following are the principal public buildings , manufactories , and offices that were destroyed : —¦
Globe cotton factory , corner of Second and Ferry streets . Fire Navigation Insurance Office , ifarket between Se . cond and _Tlurd . Firemen's Insurance Office , corner of Afaricet aud Third . Bank of Pittsburgh , Eourth _, betneen Market and Wood . Office of Daily Clironide , do , Job printing-office of 3 . B , Butler , Third , between Market and Wood , Merchants' Hotel , corner of Third and Wood . A . Kramer ' s Exchange-office , do . Jones and Sibbett _' s Exchange-office , corner of Fourth _, and Wood .
Wm . A . Hill ' s Exchange-ofiice , between Fourth and Diamond-alley . R . and R . Patterson's Eagle and Bazaar _StaWcs , Di & mond-allcyand Fourth-street . Associate Reform Church , Fourth , near Grant-street . Baptist Church , Grant-street , Blackwell's extensive Glass Works , Water , above Grant The Monongahela House destroyed , with ah the furuiture . The Monongahela Bridge entirely destroyed . It is rumoured that several lives were lost on thc bridge . The Dallas Iron Works iu I'ipetown entirely destroyed ,
The loss sustained in thc destruction of buildings is immense , but it is small when compared with the destruction of merchandise in the warehouses on Water , Wood , First and Second streets . Thc merchants found it impossible to attempt to save anything ; whole blocks were destroyed in a few minutes , and the most tliey could do was to _maka an effort to save their books , and but few of them succeeded even in that . It will be many years before our city can recover from the effects of this dreadful calamity ; it has cast a blight over thc commercial and manufacturing enterprise of hundreds of our most worthy citizens , and in an hour has swept from them all the profits of years of toil and industry .
Los s op Life i . \ _Pittsburch . — T h e Gazette says , five persons are now pretty certainly supposed to ho lost in the great fire . Samuel _Ivinnston , Esq ., and a woman employed as a servant in tho family , perished in his house on Second street . A poor woman of German extraction perished on Third street . A married woman , t he m o ther of two children named _M'Gowly , perished on Third street , and a man named Johnson , is supposed to have been lost in Wood-street , liaving last been seen in a bu r ning building . Many persons , it i s feared , have perished , how many may never be known until both earth and sea give np their dead . Such waa the intense heat of the fire that it consumed the remains of its unfortunate victims , in most instances entirely .
Tiie Oregon _Questioji . _—Liverpooi ,, Friday Moraing , Three _o'Clock . —The Great Western steam-ship , Captain Matthews , has again reached ns with her usual punctuality . Her news from New York is to the 24 th ult . The principal topic of interest in the papers is the effect of the speeches of Sir Robert Peel and Lord Aberdeen on the Oregon question upon folks in the United States , and it is with great pleasure we announce that , so far from any warlike feelings being excited , the very opposite was thc case . War seems to be distant from tlieir thoughts .
• He T^^^D- - .I^Sa
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Bankrupts. (From Friday's Gazette, May 9...
BANKRUPTS . ( From Friday ' s Gazette , May 9 . _^ Thomas Foot Piper , Cheapside , wholesale stay-manufacturer—Edmund Baldwin and Richard Garrett , Hcnficld , Sussex , linendrapers—William Harrison , Woodhouse Carr , Yorkshire , pattern-dyer—George Walker Gee and John Fearne Gee , Leeds , drapers—John Jones , _Aberystwitta , Cardiganshire , innkeeper — George _liudinan _, Bristol , mason—Thomas Cooke , Leicester , glove-manufacturer—James _M'Dougal , Leicester , draper—Ifcury Pares , Loughborough , _Lciccsterslure _, plumber—John _Mcars , Leeds , grocer—Jacob Jolm Ward and Francis Jacob Newton , Rotherham , Yorkshire , spirit-merchants .
The Ten Hours' Bill.
THE TEN HOURS' BILL .
The Lancashire Central Short Time Commit...
THE Lancashire Central Short Time Committee re * quest tbat all petitions now in course of signature n Lancashire and Cheshire ,-he sent to the Secretary with as little delay as possible - filled upand _madnintoparcels , addressed , " The Secretary ofthe Short Thue _Coniraittat , Red Lion Inn , London-road , Manchester , " J [ Committee Room , May 5 th , 184 } ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 10, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_10051845/page/1/
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