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Northern Star (1837-1852), 10th October 1846, Edition 3 of 3, Page 6, At a meeting ofthe friends of freedom of...

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      <S The Northern Star. October 10, I84fi ...

      < S THE NORTHERN STAR . October 10 , _I 84 fi _ ¦ _^——— ii ———a————————i—¦ , . _i _^—M __— ___ _, _—__^__ _- — _^—_————W _^» i —_ ¦ ¦

      Famine In Ireland. Dobum, Oct. 8. Every ...

      FAMINE IN IRELAND . Dobum , Oct . 8 . Every day adds to the certainty that the people of Hub " country are about to pass through a fearful _Ordeai . Ix is only now that the extent and probable effects of the calamity are beginning to manifest _wiemsi-ives , for itis only now we are beginning to belieTe tint there is a deficiency of food in the country . . Heretofore the potatoe failure was _re- 'arded as the Bole / evil of our condition ; but it is now quite cer « ton that _Jthe supply of what the Americans call " bread stuffs ' . ' is utterly and lamentably inadequate to our wants and requirements . The abandonment TO the depot system was more than a mistake . That System wrought well last year ; it acted as a check _TOon the _combinators andforeBtaUers , and our rules should have hesitated before thev permitted abstract principles to interfere between them and the lives ef millions of her Majesty ' s subjects . Men of all Creedspartiesprofessionsare of o pinion that the

      , , , first and most important dutv of the Government is ie provide food for the people ' The _longer this fluty is neglected the more will the difficulties and dangers Of out position increase and multiply . It is all yery Veil to talk about non-interference with the rights of trade , i , ut it is more than idle—it is foolish and ab-¦ ttrd to do so , when an entire people , driven t _» madness by want , are on the point of breaking into insurrection . Should the present state of things be permitted to exist much longer , the result will be a total disruption of society in Ireland , and probably a sanguinary war between the owners of property and thosewho have no property to loose . The peace of the country is at this moment in a very precarious state . Immense bodies of halt-starving men are perambulating the provinces , and the feeling is rapidly Eining ground among them that it is better to fall ncath the blow of tbe military than submit to the slow and torturing agony of famine .

      THE OUTBREAK AT _DUSGABVA 5 . The Cork Reporter gives a full and graphic account of the recent fatal affray at Dungarvan ; but , as the main facts are already | before the public , it would 1 » superfluous to repeat them . _AJ description of the conduct ofthe rioters an-the authorities prior to the dernier ressort , with the latest particulars of the state of town , is , however , not without interest . After detailing the previous proceedings of Monday , the report proceeds as follows : — Hatters had arrived at this state when the magistrates _deemed it advisable to clear tbe square , which was immediately done by the Dragoons , who drove the people into the adjoining streets , bnt the stone-throwing being ontinued , an erder was given to the police to advance

      and drive them off . They finding it impossible to do so , the troop of Dragoons were ordered to advance , upon ¦ which a shout was raised in Irish to "kill them , "and accordingly , at they moved up the streets , tbey were saluted with a shower of stones , scarcely one of the cavalry having escaped injuries in someway or other . Things bad arrived at such a serious pass that tbe officer in command of the Dragoons requested Mr . Howley to give the order to fire , but that _gentlenvn declined doing SO . He tben requested Mr . Howley to permit him to take the responsibility on himself , and to allow him to order bis men to fire ; bat Mr . Howlry replied , that there -was an Important trust reposed in him , and he would retain that trust , and would not allow any firing until he considered their lives were in jeopardy .

      The infuriated people having continued throwing the Stones , Mr . Howley read tbe Riot Act , and then warned them of the _consequence of perseverance in the course they were pursuing ; but his advice was disregarded , and -a volley of stones was the response thereto . The officer in command of the Dragoons then said that _ie -would retire from the tows with his men if they were not permitted to fire , on which the order was given for them to do so , with directions to cease the moment the populace discontinued throwing stones . Immediately on tbe order being given the Dragoons drew up in sections of _AmrSj each four _firing alternately , and in this way 2 fi shots were fired , and each round was followed by a volley of stones .

      After the firing had continued sometime tbe crowd desisted from throwing stones , and retired from the town , _Allowed by tbe Dragoons ; but as soon as they got outaids the town tbey intrenched themselves behind walls at each side of the road , under the impression that the Dragoons would follow them into the country , and thereby become sure marks for stones thrown from behind those walls . However , it growing dark at tbe time , and tbe parties being driven from the town , the magistrates deemed it most prudent to withdraw the military , which was accordingly done . The rumour rife in town yesterday was , that the peasantry had gone to all the farmers' and gentlemen ' s Bouses in search of arms , and _weredetermined to return to the town to take summary vengence on the military . However , the magistrates have taken every precaution to preserve the peace , and another troop of Dragoons have beta sent for to Clomnel .

      At present everything wears a tranqnil aspect , and business has been resumed , but itis hard to tell how long it will continue so . A troop of Hussars arrived at 2 o'clock last night from Caber , so that there is now a large disposable force at the command of tbe authorities , including Captain Sibthorp ' s company of the 1 st Dragoons , which were engaged in the conflict . The report that one of the soldiers of the 67 th Jtegiment was shot by a policeman in the riots on Monday is not correct ; several of the Dragoons , _however , _hsvc - _" -e n very much injured by the missiles with -which they were assailed before the Riot Act was read .

      The country all around is still in the greatest state of excitement . The officer of the Board of Works cannot by tbe Treasury minute pay the labourers more than lOii . a-day , and at this sum they cannot buy pro-• visions . Indian meal in * he market is now worth double that sum per 141 b . ; nor is this fe ? ling : of dissatisfaction confined to the labourers and small farmers . The gentry and magistrates are mnst loud in the outcry _against Government for the length they have permitted matters to arrive at without throwing in food , paralyzing enterprise amongst the merchants , by the declaration

      from the Lord-Lieutenant that food shall not exceed a given price , and at another time declaring that food will not b-- interfered with . A meeting of the county _magistrates it is thought will be brought together immediately , as many are determined to throw up the _commission ofthe peace , soonertbnn be the _instruments of keeping down by bloodshed excitement caused by want ot energy and foresight at head-quarters . This is not confined to the county of Waterforn ' . The adjacent parts of tbe county of Cork are similarly circumstanced , and if matters go on much further , the country will be _without an executive .

      Two lighters of corn , the property of Mr . Richard Talbot and Hr . _O'Keefe . of Tallow , were loaded on Wednesday to carry ea _* s _toYoughal , thereto be _r-r-shipped on board two traders for tbe Channel . The boats were allowed to tail through the Bride quietly , but on Thursday , when they had reached the _Blackwater , near Cooneen-mill , thousands of the country-people , ofthe parishes of Clashmore and Grange , flocked down the bill , threatening to sink the boats and drown the crews if the boats did not retntn . The men had to comply . Tbe corn has gone back to Tallow .

      TROOPS FOB THB DISTOBBED DISTRICTS . The Duke of Cambridge steamer , with four companies of the 47 th _Regiment , not being able to make Dungarvan , put into Youghal , and landed tbe troops there . The iour companies of the 47 th , marched it once for Dungarvan .

      PROCLAMATIOS OF THE LORD _UFXTESAST . " Dublin Gastle , Oct . 2 , 1846 . " Whereasit has been represented to the Lord Lieutenant , that in various parts of the country numerous assemblages of people have committed acts of violence , by attacking the shops of bakers and the stores of merchants , and by interrupting the free traffic in provisions , and otherwise disturbing the public peace : " _fjfs Excellency is determined , by every means in his power , to protect that lawful trade in the articles of food , the complete _security of which is essential to the subsistence of the people ; an < 4 be earnestly warns all persons of the danger which they incur by taking part in these illegal _proceedines .

      "The Lord Lieutenant has _aho been informed , that a disposition bas in some instances been manifested by the labourers employed in public works to resist tbe arrangements which the officers of the board of works have made , in order to ensure their proper execution , hy task or piece-work , as well as to endeavour , by violence , to obtain a higher rate of wages . These officers are acting under ihe express directions of the government , and if this improper interference is _persevered in , the Lord Lieutenant will be compelled to order the works to be discontinued . ' - The Lord Lieutenant confidently relies on the continued support of magistrates and others of station and influence , in the efforts to maintain tranquillity , as well a 3 to mitigate the effects of the calamity with which it has pleased Divine Providepce to afflict this country : and he desires , in an especial manner , to thank the ministers of _reiicion , of ail persuasions , for their useful and exemplary conduct on this trying occasion .

      " T ! _-e Repeal Association have also issued an _address , _ir » which they conjure the people to be quiet , and promise every effort shall be made to give them food . The Cork Examiner contains the following : _ " _AlAcnooif . —Our iMacroom correspondent relates that , on Wednesday afternoon , large _booies of men . -women , and children , presenting au awfal appearance of destitution , mustered together in that town . The workhouse was the first place to which they went , exhibiting nothing bordering on tumult , notwithstanding their privations . ' >> ork or cry' was

      their cry . A _Tespecteble inhabitant , Mr . Welply , ased alibis influence to quell any disposition to riot which appeared , with which view to show his sympathies for their distress be marched himself into their centre . Our correspondent recogt . ised several in the crowd , whom he knew to have been a long period without a morsel of food , yet the multitude did not betray the least symptom of disorder , though their frames seemed to sink from faintness . Even to the flowers of the garden attached to the _workiou-se , no damage was done to any kind of property . _Tiie phyrieiaB , who happened to be present , _xemon «

      Famine In Ireland. Dobum, Oct. 8. Every ...

      strated with them and pointed out tho approaching prospecU of relief , after which they returned » s peaceably as they entered . Tho crowd , on returning to the square , was mot by Mr . . _^ _"fe _^ _g _magistrate , who called them together in the vicinity of the hotel , where the follo _^ , _^™ _»' sued- ' Are you from tho country ? I es _, was the rep lv 'What brought you to Maeroom ? ' « To get employment and food . ' ; llad you no other object of assembling together V ' No . ... . . , « . _Mr > Little , satisfied of their sincerity , explained that the local gentry , lay and clerical of every denomination , were in emulation to serve the people , and had memorialed the government for a baronial sessions , although from the great pressure of similar app lication * at tbe Castle , his Excellency , as it was stated in reply , was obliged to postpone complying with the prayer of it for a few days .

      Just as the crowd was separating , the Rev . Mr . Lee , who had been absent from town and returned , addressed the congregated people , in an eloquent and feelingly impressive manner- which confirmed the impressions made by the two preceding speakers , calling upon them to return to their respective homes quietly , and promising ero the lapse of many days they would be restored to csmparative comfort _^ The reverend gentleman ' s injunction was immediately obeyed , and the town resumed its wonted quietude . The Bally shannon Herald contains the following particulars of the disturbance in Sligo : —

      " We have this morning received a communication from our Sligo correspondent , which gives a frightful account of the state of that town ; he states that on Monday a vast crowd of the peasantry assembled in town and walked through the streets in a menacing manner . As a large quantity of cakes was conveying to a shop of Mr . Martin ' s they were rushed on ' and speedily devoured . They then went from one baker ' s shop to another , and carried off the contents of each ; as Mr . Moses Montis' bread cart was passing with bread to his retailers , it was attacked and speedily emptied . Several provision stores were also plundered . On Tuesday they again paraded the streets with a large pole , and a loaf suspended from it—they took some bread , & a . —and separated early . On Wednesday they again assembled , bnt the Mayor had arrangements made to prevent outrage , and they peaceably dispersed . "

      STATB OP IIPPBRARY . Murder and agrarian outrage are again rearing their hideous heads in this ill-fated country . The Repeal local paper ( the Tipperary Vindicator ) brings accounts of a dreadful case of assassination in the broad glare of noon , a ferocious attack by an armed band on two ladies , and an assault on a habitation , accompanied by violence on the inmates , one of whom was dangerously wounded by a gunshot wound . " That these excesses , " remarks the Vindicator , V breaking out in paroxysms , at a moment when tranquillity , it was _sincerely'tolbe hoped , was likely to last for a long time , provide food and employment be given the people , indicate a taint—show that' there is something rotting in the state of Denmark , ' cannot for one moment be doubted . " The following are the particulars of the cases above _referred to : —

      " _Mysterious asd Awful Murder . —It is or * sad duty to record one of the most mysterious , and at the same time one of the most atrocious murders , of which this country has been the theatre for a Ion * period , and which was perpetrated in the broad noon of Wednesday , on the person of a singularly inoffensive man , near Kilgarvan , tbe residence of that excellent country gentleman , Solomon Cambie , Esq . The deceased , William Latchford , and a man of the name of Qogan , were going home from Kilgarvan , about a quarter-past twelve o'clock at noon . Latchford bad b- en for some years gatekeeper at tbe Belle Vue , the residence of Edward Biggs , Esq ., and he was also employed as tutor by some of the neighbouring gentlemen , and , in fact , was returning from _siving lessons at Kilgarvan at the usual hour , on

      the day he met Ms dismal death at the hands ofthe ruthless assassin . He had gone on for some time , when Hogan went a short way before biro , and soon afterwrads a man jumped out of a lane which was near , and asked him ( Latchford ) what hour of the day it was . Latchford at once told him , and no sooner had he done so than the villain who asked the hour raised with both hands a quarter-staff or spade handle , struck it violently across the back part ot Latcbford ' s neck , and instantly knocked him down . When down the atrocious miscreant hit the prostrate poor man two other dreadful blows across the left temple , which deprived him of all consciousness , and at ten o'clock the same night of life . The murderer walked off in the most deliberate manner ; no clue has been discovered as to the cause of the murder . Latchford was not only in no way connected with land , but he was looked upon as one ofthe most obliging and quiet individuals in the entire neighbourhood , and was greatlv regarded by the country

      _ueople generally as well as by the gentry , That he could have been mistaken for an obnoxious person at the time is scarcely probable . It was broad noon , the sun shining strongly ; the ruffian who acosted him went quite close to his person , and , if he had ever seen him before , could not be mistaken as to his identity . Hence the mystery that prevades this most frightful crime , which has created a deep sensation of disgust and horror far and wide . After the inquest onwards of two hundred of the neighbonritg people proceeded to the house where the body lay , and by their sobs and tears and loud lamentations showed how deepl y they deplored the cruel fate of poor Lachford . It is sincerely to be hoped , for the sake of humanity , that no time shall be lost in looking out for and in discovering the perpetrator ot this desperate deed of blood , which , we trust , shall soon meet with its merited punishmint . A verdict of' Wilful murder against some person unknown ' was returned by the jury . "

      Attack oh Miss Glbeson , of Newtown . —An armed party , consisting of seven or eight men , proceeded on Thursday night , about twelve o ' clock , to the residence of Mis 3 Gleeson , of Newton , within four miles of Nenagh , in the direction of Portroe ; after very considerable exertion they obtained an « ntrance into the house , by breaking in all the windows , and then thrusting in and exhibiting their fire-arms , which so alarmed the inmates that a male servant ofthe house , and the brother-in-law of Miss Oleehon , a man ofthe name of Mara , abandoned the

      position they occupied in endeavouring to keep the door closed , when the Terry Alts immediately secured an entrance , on which they beat Mara very severely —broke every article of furniture and delf in the house , and observed that if " Miss Gleeson did not deal fairly by her brother , they would kill all when next they came . " They then decamped . It appears that Miss Gleeson and her brother , Mr . Michael Gleeson , have not been on good terms for some time in consequence ofthe latter having been ejected from a large farm which the former at present tenants .

      Highway Robbery . —Bibr , Oct . 1 . —Mr . Neville , clerk of petty sessions , was met on Wednesday night , as he was driving into town accompanied by his wife , by three men , who demanded that he should stand and deliver what money he had' in his possession . lie gave them all he had about him , namely , seven shillings . They then demanded his watch , which he also handed them , when the fellows decamped . There is but one opinion entertained here , that if the government do not hasten on tbe execution of public works that have been present for at the last sessions , and employ the people , the laws will be set at open defiance , and property will lose its value .

      Attack at _Gapfarue . — An araed party attacked the house of a mau named Dwyer , at Capparuc , on Wednesday night , and after posting sentinels on the doors of two houses in the immediate vicinity , effected an entrance ; when they searched for Dwyer , who , it seems , has become obnoxious on account of land he had been warned about , but not finding him , they fired a blunderbuss at two men who were in the house , one of whom tliey wounded in a shocking manner , the other partially escaping . After leaving a message for Dwyer , which it were difficult not to understand , they went off .

      FOOD RIOTS IN LIMERICK , The following is from the limerick Chronicle ol Satnrday : — "A horse and car , laden with corn of Mr . Edw . Maunsell , of Meelick , for the distillery , was stopped yesterday ( Friday ) morning on the road by several countrymen , who ordered the driver to go back ; but Mr . Maunsell , insisting that he should have a free passage , one of the party presented a gun , and shot bis horse dead upon the road . Upwards of one hundred carloads of corn for this market were _arrested on Friday morning , on the high road , at Sheahau ' scross , and ordered to return home . "

      OUTBREAK IS GALWAY . The Gahuay Mercury says : — "We regret to state that the prospects of the people have become so alarming as to warrant the worst apprehensions for the tranquillity of the country . On the _evening of Saturday last a quantity of flour , purchased from Mr . P . Regan , of this town , by a baker in Dunmore , was taken away from the carman in charge of it , at or near Killeen , by a party of persons who said they would nut allow provisions to be _brought into the interior of the country . The entire ofthe flour was taken away , and no trace could be had of the perpetrators of the _outrage . On Wednesday last , several cars coming into Galway for provisions were stopped near Lou _^ hgcorge , and the drivers were ordered , under pain of personal injury , not to proceed to this town . The carmen were obliged to

      return home . In the same neighbourhood , on the following day , a party of famishing and _starving wretches attempted to prevent somo carts , laden wish flour and meal , passing towards Tuam . At an early hour yesterday morning , about forty loads of fluur and oatmeal were about to be taken into the country , and on their arrival a little beyond the college a crowd had assembled , by wh » ni their further progress was prevented . Mr . Kernan , the stipendiary ° magistrate , was immediately on the spot , and a party oi police , together with a company of the 49 th regiment . To such an extreme had the threatened violence of the populace proceeded , that Mr . Kernan was obliged to read the Riot Act , but , as he assured the multitudes ofthe anxiety of the Government to afford all the assistance in its power , and that , in the course of that day , measures would be taken for the relief of

      Famine In Ireland. Dobum, Oct. 8. Every ...

      the people generally , there was no further attempt at outbrenk , and the flour and meal were allowed to be brought to their destination . A letter from Oranmore , dated October 2 , and published in the Mercury , complains bitterly of the neglect of Government in providing employment for the poor , notwithstanding the dreadful destitution which prevails in that impoverished district :-. " A very large concourse of persons assembled here on Thursday last—tho Petty-sessions day—for the purpose of giving the magistrates formal notice of

      their wretched condition , and that maltershad eome to such a pass with them that they could not longer remain without relief . Certainly any person oould see from the wretched garb and haggard and careworn countenances of the . greater number of them , that poverty and starvation had laid an iron grasp upon them . I have been told by several that they have been for weeks striving to subsist on one meal per day , and that of wet -and rotten potatoes . Is not this a melancholy picture of human suffering ? And yet the Government , unaccountably , shut their eyes in regard to it . "

      FEVKR IK MR COUNTY OF SLIUO . The Sligo Champion contains the following : — Sligo , Oct . 3 . —We regret to state that fever is rife in Sligo : thirty-two persons are now lying ill of this fearful disease in the workhouse , and in the town we have many bad cases . We attribute the prevalence of fever in the town to the want of proper sewerage , and to the unwholesome food the people are now compelled to consume . In the country districts fever is also very general , so that we are now attacked with both pestilence and famine . -Truly this is , indeed , a much afflicted land ! It is rumoured , and generally believed , that a vast concourse of labourers are to visit this town upon Monday next , with the intention of demanding immediate employment . Of course the inhabitants of Sligo cannot procure it for them , and it is feared that disturbances will take place before the people disperse .

      county mayo . The following is an extact of a letter received from a magistrate of the county of Mayo : — " Nothing can exceed the deplorable state of this county . If food be not procured , I fear there will be a terrible outbreak . This district ( Westport ) is generally quiet , but this state of things will not long continue if the people are not fed . " COUHXY OF _MONAODAN . —BARONY Of THOUGH . On Monday the sessions for this barony was held at Glasslough . The business having concluded , the gentlemen were about dispersing when it was discovered that the mob had blocked the passage , shouting for immediate employment , crying " Down with road work , and up with draining . " The greatest detestation was expressed against task work , and they all seemed to think that ii they were employed in draining the benefits would be double .

      RENT DISTURBANCES IN TIFPERARY . The Dublin Evening Mail of the 5 th contains the following from a correspondent : — _"Barrisokane , Oct . 3 . 1846 . ' _« A Mr . Lloyd , having made a distress for rent , had the cattle removed to the ground in the village of Lurrah ; the cattle were bailed and returned to the pnvnd-keeper yesterday , being the auction day , for the landlord to sell ( the tenant having refused to sign an adjournment of the sale , or make any terms with Mr . Lloyd . ) Long before the hour of one o ' clock , in the afternoon , being the time appointed for the sale , large bodies of men armed with sticks and spade handles , several with pistols , from different districts , the greater number being strangers , _residing more than ten miles from the scene of action—were in motion towards the village of Lurrah ; and according as they moved along , they swelled their ranks bv

      pressing into their service labourers and workmen of every description ; at _* d in many places on their route they made several respectable farmers and gentleman ' s servants leave their work , and join in their procession , and among others a very quiet and inoffensive dissenting minister , who was in the actof cleaning wheat for market , and resoiute / y refused to quit his business , when they immediately convinced him ofthe prudence of joining their ranks by a rigid application of an oak stick to his loins , from the effects of which he could with difficulty keep marching step with his company . Mr . Lloyd made no appearance at tbe time appointed , and the pound-keeper gave up the cattle to the owner amidst the enthusiastic cheering ofthe demonstrators . The assemblage , consisting of upwards of one thousand men , filed off in companies , each district having a fifer playing some loyal air at the head of the party .

      " The other demonstration occurred at Milford , the residence of Ralph S . Smith , Esq ., and arose out of the following transaction . —Mr . Smith ' s grandfather made a lease of nine acres of land , part of his estate , adjoining the house of Milford , for three lives , at a nominal rent of a few shillings , to a retainer of his family . This farm passed into the possession of a man ofthe name of Gaynor , who sublet seven acres to a person named Meara , at a raekrent of £ 14 a year . Meara , _becoming embarrassed in his circumstances , and unable to pay the rent , proposed to Mr . Smith , within the last month , to sell him his interest in these worn out seven acres , to enable him to _emiarate with his family to America ; and although the ground was so reduced by Meara . as not to be worth

      one-half the £ 14 a year ( reserved to Gaynor during the term of his lease , now being for the life of one old woman , aged 12 ) . Mr . Smith gave Meara £ 45 for his interest and good will , and undertook the payment of the rent due to Gaynor . No sooner was the moneypaid than Mr . Smith received a Ruckite notice threatening his life , should he interfere with the land , and requiring him to give up the same to Gaynor . Next followed an attempt , on last Sunday evening , to shoot his steward , and Mr . Smith being determined to support his rights , was preparing to _plough the land on yesterday , and when about to do so was informed that over three hundred men were on the land and its vicinity , the greater number of them armed , ready to oppose him to the death . Mr . Smith was then obliged to barricade his house and out-offices , and keep his workmen with their ploughs and horses within doors , and immediately sent an express to Colonel Dwyer , who was the next

      magistrate to him , and another to Mr . M'Grath the officer in command ofthe police in Borrisokane , informing them of the peril he was in , the multitude being within view of his windows , when he received a reply from the former that he had forwarded his communication to the police authorities in Borrisokane . Immediately after , an answer arrived from Mr . M'Grath , that he could not repair to the place of siege without a magistrate accompanying him . Mr . Smith was therefore obliged to keep his house barricaded all day , having been several times invited out , by the assailing party , to make the light shine through him . In the evening this party of demonstrators retired to their respective districts , making no concealment of their being fully armed prepared to meet any opposition . Mr . Smith is to make application this day to the authorities for a feufficient force of military and police to protect him for one day , while ploughing the land . "

      At the weekly meeting ofthe British Association , a letter from Mr . O'Connell was read , reiterating his proposal for a meeting of land orris in Dublin . John O'Connell made the speech of the day , in the course of which he said , if the people were not at once provided with food , death must inevitably ensue , cither from starvation or from the bullets of the soldiery . The government had already poured military into the country , but tbey should increase their numbers tenfold , they should deluge the country with blood or else relieve the distress . That was strong language , hut the necessity of the case warranted him in making use of it . Wiiat man could guard his expressions at such a terrible crisis as the prosent ? It might be said that he was inciting the

      people to violence . De cared little lor any such charge , for his conscience acquitted him of any criminality , lie ( Mr . O'Connell ) did not know but at the moment he was speaking , the terrible scenes which recently occurred at Dungarvan might not be re-enacting . The English brauch of the government , he felt convinced , were not aware of the extentof the _distress . If the people were not fed , all the ruin aud destitution that ensued would fall on the heads of those who refused to minister to their _wunts . There was plenty of food in the countryfood , tup . produce of the soil . Was it not in the power of the government to buy up that food , to store it iu depots , and let it out upon the market

      when prices reached famine prices ? If they did not do so , it would necessarily be _ftxported . The eieat thing was to check the starvation which existed . The people could not be restrained from violence if the government were hot wise in time—although , in matters of general politics bethought tbe present the best government that could be formed iii England , yet still he thought that by their single actof not attending to the urgency of the Irish _distress—by the signal fact of their not saving Irish society from dissolution and the Irish people from death—they proved themselves unworthy of their station , and ought at once to resign . The call would then be for Peel—for Peel , with all his hatred and aversion to Ireland—hut Peel with his supply of food to the

      country . The rent for the week was £ 126 . The number of extraordinary presentment sessions convened by the Lord Lieutenant now amount to two hundred and thirty-six . The provincial journals are crowded with reports of presentment sessions , at which grants have been Hberallv made .

      CONFLICT AT CASTLK C 0 NNELL . Limbmck , Oct . 5 . —Last night , a private of the 8 St ( _i regiment , and a civilian , named Gleeaon _, were shot dead at Castleconncll , within s x miles of this citv , during a riotous attack on the constabulary barrack , when the windows were broken . A draft ofthe 88 th , from Birr , en route , was billeted in the town . Colonel Maunsell , Assistant Adjutant-General , left Limerick this morning , to inquire into tlie circumstances of thi 3 untoward event . An official account of the affair was sent to the authorities at Dublin , and it is said that three lives were lost , namely , one soldier of the 88 th regiment , one of the constabulary , and one of the country people . A number of reports are current prejudicial to tho

      Famine In Ireland. Dobum, Oct. 8. Every ...

      conduct of some of the military engaged in the The Evening Freeman gives the subjoined cautious W "Kmok , Monday .-Very distressin g accounts were received this morning jrora Castle Unneli , where a fatal riot took place last night , lnc accounts of the affray are very contradictory , but tne fatal faets are , I fear , unquestionable , that a private soldier of the 88 th regiment is dead , shot , it is said , bv a random ball from a police carbine , a man named Gleeson dead , and another man badly wounded . The ri » fc originated with the starving people , whose conduct under such circumstances should be regarded with forbearance .

      ElUrXOYMKNT OF THB POOB . An important communication has been addressed to the chairman of the board of public works by the Lord Lieutenant . It states that , acting upon the various representations which have been made to him as to the difficulty of _finding in the greater number of baronies , " public _viorks , " upon which it would be expedient or beneficial to expend money to the extent requisite to give employment for the people . His Lordship has come to the determination to authorize works of a reproductive character , and permanent utility under the following conditions : — " 1 . The Presentment Sessions ' will estimate the sum which it may be necessary to raise off the baronv for the purpose of affording employment .

      " 2 . They will also ascertain the proportion of such assessment which , according to the last Poor Law valuation , may be chargeable upon each electoral division of an union , or portion of an electoral division ( if the whole shall not be included ) in the barony ; and they will obtain for this purpose , from the clerk of each Poor Law Union , a copy of such valuation . " 3 . They will present for such useful and profitable works to be executed in each electoral division to the amount of its proportion of the assessment _ascertained as above .

      " 4 . In the case of drainage , however , and subsoiling , so far as it shall be connected with drainage , an undertaking shall be given in writing , and transmitted with the presentment , by the person or persons whose lands are proposed to be drained ( being ' proprietor' in theterms of the act 5 th and 6 th Vic . chip . 89 , ) stating that the money so to be expended shall be a cbaree exclusively on tbe lands so to be improved , and be levied from the _sime , according to an award to be made by th « commissioners , as under the last-mentioned act and its amendments . " Works so presented will be treated as if they were strictly , ! public works" under the act .

      Remonstrace Of Young Ireland. To Tbi Idi...

      REMONSTRACE OF YOUNG IRELAND . TO TBI IDITOa OF TBK HeBTHERK 1 * 1 * . Dublin , Sept . 28 , 184 / 5 . Dear Sir . —A 1 thouch the refuaal to publish in the columns ofthe Nation newspaper , theaddresBOf four millions of British Chartists , honest men and lovers of political liberty and free discussion ; yet I hope that you will publish the subjoined remonstrance to the Loyal National Repeal Association of Ireland . It is , you may perceive , an exceedingly well written document , mild , and unassuming in its tone , and perfectly innocent of any political principle whatever . Itis , however , what it profesBes to bea remonstrance . But tbe idea or hope that the O'Connell ' faction will act _honestlv , or that the hungry vultures of CONCILIATION HALL will forgo their _graTsp on prostrate Ireland , is _perfectly childish . None but some good well-meaning boy could imagine such an absurdity .

      The Repeal pledge at the Repeal Elections of 1832 was— " That any administration which would not make the Repeal of the Union a Cabinet measure should be opposed . " This is very different from the terras of the fourteenth ' proposition in the remonstrance . I am , _rery truly yours , Patrick O'Higoins .

      At A Meeting Ofthe Friends Of Freedom Of...

      At a meeting ofthe friends of freedom of opinion , convened bv printed . circular , and held on Sunday , Sept . 20 . 1846 , at 212 , Brunswick-street , Wm . Bryan , Esq ., of Raheny , in the chair , Mr . P . Barry acting Secretary , certain resolutions were brought forward , condemnatory of recent proceedings in Conciliation Hall , which , after some discussion , were referred , for revision , to a Committee then and there appointed for that purpose . The Committee were further instructed to prepare a Remonstrance , which , for ' general convenience , they beg to present in printed form , as follows : —

      TO THE -LOYAL NATIONAL REPEAL ASSOCIATION , THE REMONSTRANCE OF THE UNDERSIGNED REPEALERS OF DUBLIN . Whereas , the Nationality of Ireland is , of all things earthly , dearest to our hearts . To attain it we have worked for year * unceasinglydevoted our time , our talents , and our resources , and contributed by every means in our power to create and strengthen _tliat great organisation , which once astonished Europe , and in itself almost gave to this country the place , and power , and dignity of a Nation . Till lately we have reposed entire confidence in , and yielded implicit obedience to the Repeal Association , as the head of that _organisation , the director of its power , and the manager of its resources .

      We are fully sensible , that to differ with that body in matters _immaterial , or not vitally important , would , in general , be wrong in us , and impolitic to the cause we cherish . But we are also sensible of the greater impolicy to that cause in the course recently pursued by the association _, and the still greater evils which must result from its continuance . We beg , therefore , respectfully to rcmonstrnte with the association against the policy it has recently adopted . We beseech it to remember , that without freedom of opinion we cannot be free ; without freedom of discussion , itself is immoral and anti-national , and the teacher and exemplar of servility to a people too long « nd too grossly servile . We pray of it to change the system which ha ? debased the Repeal movement into a war nf internecine factions ; which has made itself contemptible abroad una powerless at home ; and which has flung Ireland again , in her naked serfage , at the feet of her foreign master .

      In justification of this prayer , we beg to submit the following as our matured opinions .

      The _"JIoeal Fobce Resolutions . " 1 st . That the recent resolutions , called the "Peace Resolutions , " however morally right or morally wrong they may be , constitute a new test of opinion , differing from the original rules of the association—that this test was not necessary for the legal safety of the association , and that it was intronuced for the express purpose of driving from the national movement honest and able men , whodisupproved ofthe conduct of the association in reference to the Whig government , aud other matters , because they so disapproved . 2 nd . That the _members of the association against whom this test was directed had broken no law of ( he association , had declared their adhesion to the principles on which it was founded , had adhered firmly to those principles , and were perfectly justified in expressing their opinions , whether of dissent or assent , on every matter discussed in the association .

      3 rd . That , therefore , the te 6 t is , as a test , unnecessary , and as a weapon of expulsion , unjust , arbitrary , and _destructive to the national movement ; and that , therefore , it should be abolished . _dth . That , while we acknowledge the abstract truth , " a voluntary society can make laws for its mm government , " we _submit that the bar to delegation in Ir land , and the consequent representative want in the association , are reasons why its committee should have been more cautious in altering these original rules and principles to which , aud to which alone , every member has , on his en trance , agreed , —and which were proved sufficient iu the great _asras of ' 48 and ' 44 for the legal safety of the association is a " voluntary society , " itis also a national one , —the committee of which has undertaken stern and glorious duties , to be discharged for national purposes , and these only , —and to be guided in that discharge b y judgment , reason and impartiality , and not by arbitrary violation .

      FREEDOM OF DISCUSSION . 5 tb . That in matters political we hold "Freedom of Discussion" to be a riglu—its protection a duty—its suppression a crime , 6 Mi . That the association has suppressed free discussion in Conciliation Hall , in the cases of Mr . John liar _, tin , Mr . _Meaglur _, aud other members . 7 th . That the Coaimitteo has suppressed it by arbitrarily and factiously suppressing the correspondence of members , 8 th . That such conduct is directly opposed to the principles of the association ., _desti nctivc of its moral power , and preservative ol the act of Union alone ,

      freedom or _tqe rREsa , 9 th , That the national press is our surest weapon for the regeneration of our country ; that to a moral struggle its support by the people is essential ; and that its freedom—in all lands a _tiling sacred—is doubly so in this . 10 th , That the association in its conduct towards tho Ration , has made an attack upon the freedom of the Press , more becoming a despotic cabal than a popular nssemoly . ; 11 Hi . That the Irish people owe much to the Nation newspaper , and that not . " only iu gratitude does it deserves their thanks , but , as the sternest organ of national independence , they arc interested in its support . 12 th . That the subscribers to the Repeal fund , who _liave ordered tho fYutton , are ontitlod to its receipt .

      13 th . That on these grounds of public liberty , _public _advantage , and public honour , the present monitions by tlie society should be rescinded .

      THE WHIG ADMINISTRATION , 14 . That an alliance with any English administration which does not make Repeal a Cabinet qiustion is unbecoming to a confederation which assumes as a vital principle , that no foreign government whatever can fitly legislate for Ireland . THE COMMITTEE , 15 th , That the Committee , as tbe governing power of

      At A Meeting Ofthe Friends Of Freedom Of...

      the association , has , in framing the moral force resolutions , in framing the resolutions against the Nation , in the suppression of correspondence , die , used the powers veBted in it sincerely far the national good , or for other purposes ; if for the national good , it has established its incapacity , —if for other purpose * , its dishonesty ; aud in rither ease , its unfitness to continue longer the _governing body of the association . ¦¦ - ¦ ' ¦ ' " - " : " 16 th . That not only has it thus failed in the discharge of the duties with which itis inrested , but it has usurped other powers not vested in it by tho constitution of th _« association , viz . —the powers of dculariug the expulsion or incapacity of members . 17 th . —That , therefore , the present committee has forfeited our confidence , that it should be dissolved , and a new one elected .

      18 th , And _vte further respectfully _suhmit to the association , that to such new committee every individual should be declared incapable of election who receivei a salary or stipend of any character from the funds of the association ; that e declaration of bis duties , and his determination to perform them , should be submitted for tho signature of each member ofthe new committee ; and that such committee should receive and expend the fundi , and publish the accounts of the association , in such manner , and at such periods as to it may seem fit . And whereas , in submitting this , our remonstrance , to the Loyal National Repeal Association , w « feel it necessary to declare our independence of all factions or personal motives whatever ; that we are impelled only by the firm determination to attain that which is dearer to » s than all on earth besides ; for which we would gladly sacrifice all personal feelings and interests , round which are wound the holiest aflections of our soul—the _National _Ibbepbndence of oob _Hxrire

      Land . William Bet an , Chairman of Committee . _Patsick . John Babry , Secretary .

      The Charter. Important Meeting In Edinbu...

      THE CHARTER . IMPORTANT MEETING IN EDINBURGH . On Thursday evening :, a meeting convened by the Chartist Association of Edinburgh , was held in tbe New Hall , Adam Square , for the purpose of advocating the principles of the Charter , and to prompt the working men of Scotland to take a more decided stand than hitherto in the way of working out their political emancipation * Mr . A . Walker ( the chairman ) , in opening tie proceedings , said that many would no _dnubt be wondering where the Chartists had been for some few years _pasF _, and what they had been about ; but without entering into any details upon these matters _. it wou'd no doubt be more satisfactory to them to know what the Chartists meant to bB

      after in time to come . It had been considered desirable at this time to collect into one focus the democratic mind of Edinburgh , now that the apathy of the people was _baainnin » to wear off , and before the popular mind got filled with some other visionary nostrum which might prove fatal , for a time , to the _gloriorious principles of political emancipation . Such being the opinion of a few old and tried friends , there soon rallied around them an additional number ofthe friends of liberty , whose opinion was that some organization should be entered into suited to the intelligence of the age . National associations were considered preferable to local ones , as being more popular and more powerful , and hence they unanimously agreed to join the National Charter Association of Great Britain . Now , a _good deal has bten said about _guus and blunderbusses iu connection with tbe Chartists ; but ( a » Paddy

      would say ) * the devil a bit of a blunderbuss we ' re got 'indeed , the most of you would no doubt give the _preference to few bags of potatoes and a barrel of meal . No , no ; all the old wives and propcrtj-men in the country might rest assured that the Chartists wanted neither their lives nor their property—all that was desired being that the Charter be made the law of the land . Now , the claim is a just one . By the constitution of Britain , representation and taxation must be co-equal . Let the Chartists all get into the same ship—let them pull the same way—let them clear their own decks—let them spread every inch of _canrass , so that , on the flrstbreeze of wind springing up , th « y may waftacross the bar of class legislation , ( Cheers ) Let every quack be scouted ; let the Chartists raise their voices for themselves , for their children , and for tbeir country—for every Briton down through every _agu .

      Mr . Geokgb Mackav , letter . pilnter , then came forward to move the first resolution , which was as follows : — "That ail men are entitled to an equality of political rights ; that the present system of class-legislation is an . just and unconstitutional ; and that immediate steps be _takon to secure its abolition . ' He said—Mr . Chairman , the object for which we are assembled is a just and a noble one ; and though our principles have been ridiculed and calumniated by the organs of titled ignorance and wealthy stupidity , we can console ourselves with the reflection , that there are among the advocates and defenders of our glorious cause , mauy of the brightest names that aro recorded in the ' book of time ; ' and il our opponents can boast of their Pitt 3 and Castlereaghs , we , likewise , have our Washington * , our Franklins , and our Duncomb' . 'S . ( Cheers . ) Many imagine that our

      s Ie : ice of late has been the silence of death , and that our slumber was the slumber of the tomb ; but in that they arc _mistftken . While they in re engrossed with their feeble and factious agitations , we have been noiselessly adding thousands to our ranks . We have often bien stigmatised as malcontents—fellows who grumbled without a reason—disconted varltts—and so forth . But is there no cause for this discontent ? At the present moment , want and misery prevail _throughout the Highlands and Islands of Scotland ; destitution everywhere abounds . Hundreds of individuals are entirely dependent on the charity of one man , who , like a god , holds within his hands the power of life and death . In England , all is not peace and happiness . There , the master manu . _facturt-rs _, instigated by the spirit of Mammon , bare taken advantage of the repeal of the corn law , and , utider this

      _pretext , have reducvd the price of labour—at a time , too , when the price of food is on the increase . Is the condition of Ireland better ? Are the people of that illfated country housed , and clothed , and fed 1 Is disease subsiding ! The vary contrary is the fact . There the people have reached the lowest depths ef moral and physical degradation ; lower they cannot go , and exist . In some cases , the people , driven to desperation and hunger , have appealed to arms , and , iu the attempt to obtain food , have found a grave . The hospitals are crammed with diseased and famishing human beings . Is , there , then , sufficient ground for believing this country a para _, dise ? Some fondly point to it as such , though it ap pears rather an incarnation of demons than of rational beings . There is no effect without a cause . What is the caus : _' , then , of the existence of this dreadful state of society ? It is _class-legislation . It is this which is the fruitful source of all the ills which atfect tbe social and political condition of the people ; and until this

      monstrous absurdity ( which measures the souls of men by the weight of their money-bags ) be removed , all at . tempts to diil ' use _enlightenment , virtue and happiness throughout the land , will prove unavailing , Why ia this privilege—our birthrig h t—withheld from us * If it is a jewel to those who possess it , is it not a pearl beyond price to us ! Are we not men as tbey are ! Is not a labourer fed with the same food , hurt with the same weapons , subject to the same diseases , healed by tlw sumo means warmed and cooled by the same winter and summer as Ihe merchant is ? If you prick us , do we not bleed ; if you tickle us , do we not laugh ; if yoa poison us , do we not die ; and if you wrong us , shall not we revenge ? No !—interest and justice alike forbid it . Let us return good for evil . But let us persist in our demand , and never cease from peaceful and constitutional agitation , until we have emancipated every white slave in Britain . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Mackay sat dowu by again reading his motion ,

      Mr . _Jous Gkant , lettei-pross printer , said , he most cordially seconded the resolution . It stated that classlegislation was both unjust and unconstitutional . This truth , he had no doubt , was so salt- evident to the meancapacity in the room , that he considered it unnecessary to dwell upon it , The political history bf this _countrj showed most clearly that our legislators have been all along furthering their own interests , and that they have been sacrificing the welfare of the millions te serve that ofthe favoured few , H _>> w any measure will affect tli _^ condition of those who have the elective franchise—not how it will affect the millions of the unenfranchised—is tho question too often proposed . Gentlemen , the work _, ing classes arc now beginning to see their own interests in these important matters ; they aro now beginning to develope their long dormant powers ; and are at length determined to do something for themselves . In proof of this , they are com _' . _'inimj their efforts in forming

      themselves national Societies , with various objects in view , towards effecting their emancipation . Chief amongst these stands the National Charter Association , which is destined to ameliorate the condition of the working population . Of late there had been extensive n formations going on which would yet do good to the people . But cheering as was all this , there was stiJl the great evil of class-legislation , which steps in and mars all efforts towards emancipation , _llon-ever good all our schemes are , wo should never give up our agitation until wo finally abolish this iniquitous system . It is that which constitutes the root of the evil ; and if wo are to prosper , that root must ba eradicated . He trusted that the meeting would cordially approve of the motion which had been submitted to them , and that they were prepared to do something tangible in this matter . Ho would sit down by seconding the motion which had been proposed . ( Applause . ) Motion put and carried unanimously _.

      Mr . Alex . Gsant . secretary to the local association , then proposed the second resolution , which was as follows : — " That this meeting is of opinion that thu only moans whereby the political independence of the unenfranchised portion of the United Kingdom can _bu secured , is by the immediate adoption of every means for obtaining the enactment of the People ' s Charter as the law of the land . " He said , that , in proposing the People ' s Charter to tho meeting , he was aware that lie culled up the fears of tho timid portion of the community _, wiio had a horror of everything identified with

      what , in genteel parlance , was termed the " tag-rag aud ' Imb-tail ; " conceiving , in their wisdom , that " such _disvusmous _musv inevitabl y _\ eaa to such _» stale of ihinga that a mini could not go to bed without a dread of botimr his throat cut by somo demon in the shape of a Chartist ; or the sacreduess of his property infringed by a _genwal _whision of bis acres , goods , and chattels ; umi all this sanctioned and inculcated by an infamous document _callod—The Charter . He verily believed those who most depreoated that document had never read it , far less _atudied its contents , _What are the leading _features

      The Charter. Important Meeting In Edinbu...

      of this great measure of reform ? First , It sets out with the important principle , that political equality ig the birthright Of every man , and that ho only forfeits that right when h » places himself in the position of a criminal ; second , Annual parliaments ; third , Vote by ballot ; fourth , No property qualification ; fifth , Payment of members ; sixth , Electoral districts . Some demur to the expediency of universality of the suffrage , on the ground that the lower orders ( as they are pleased to . designate the unenfranchised ) —that is , those who labour hard and honestly for a precarious subsistence—are not intelligent enough to be safely intrusted with the making of those laws they ure compelled to obey . Experience had proved the fallacy of this hackneyed objection . Thousands of educated men are abandoned and worthleis : and who ,

      if education is held to ba the best test of a man ' s fitness to make laws , would , in their case , form as legitimate an argument against education being a test at all , as the want of education in others . The just exercise of the franchise is a moral duty : and the only essential _requiMte to its exercise is exemption from all legal stain or blemish 1 for , if we seek for immorality , we need not confine our range of observation to the unenfranchised , He by no means undervalued the vast impoitance of education as an element in social and political progression , but he aimed at establishing the proposition that the want of it was no argument to substantiate political robbery of any class in the state . Either a man has a right to the franchise , or he has not . If he has a right , then no Jesuitical or expediency doctrine can justify the excommunicating him from tbe pale of legislation . It savoured of barefaced and unblushing effrontery in those

      flrho _vaant so much about the necessity of education , and yet had themselves done absolutely nothing to promote the spread of it among those _whese ignorance they would affect to deplore . By the brisht names the 'lower orders' lave added to the lustre of genius in all its walks , the great _democraticYact has been demonstrated , ' that God has made of one flesh all the nations of the earth . ' Judging by the past , the masses may remain , for all that class-legislators will do in the matter for ever ignorant , unless , by their own efforts , they conteat their rights , and possets a fair control over those monies of the state which might be more intelligently devoted to the purposes of education than to the building of palaces for royal horses and royal asses . A word at to property qualification . By the mere change in tho value of property , a man who mig ht be one d « y

      considered int-lligent , and worthy of the suffrage * of tha community , may , in an hour or two , by the slightest application of the magic wand of property qualification , be transformed into the personification of ignoranco ; andviceversa , a man may as suddenly emerge into the perfect embodiment Of an intellectual character , who , tha previous day , had no legal pretension to knowledgs or itneis for the discharge of public duties . But if a pro , perty qualification fer the exercise of political privileges be objected to , how would a religious test do ! Let U 9 see . A multitude of claimants at once appear to the possession of the only true and unadulterated _rehgioa , who regard all who do not swallow their theological pilla as unfit not only for this world , but for the better part of the world to come . Myriads of churches and chapel , rise ia every direction , with _flnger-posts , each of them stating that theirs is the only r « _at-way to the heavenly country , and that they have no part nor lot with tho

      damnable heresies given out in the meeting-house opposite ; and , out of all the confusion of creeds and confessions of faith with which the market is glutted , which of them would prove an infallible test to determine tha fitness of a man for the exercise of his political rights % Are there not good men of all shades of religious opinion—good men , who canno t understand Euclid ' s £ lements and who are unable to read the Moral Laws in the original Hebrew or Greek—good men , who will never believe in the divine rig ht of kings or queens until ( as Lord Bolingbroke felicitously expressed it ) they are born with crowns on their heads as cocks with their combs . ' ( Applause . ) With regard to annual parliaments , it might be staled that it was customary for the generality of busitiess men to balance their accounts annually ; and no reasonable objection could be urged against the same principle being adopted in reference to the transactions between members of parliament and their constituent * . Facilities would thus be afforded for

      removing from office those who had betrayed their trust . As to the ballot , no one could object to voting on their principle who had no sinister or unworthy motives to serve . As to payments of members , it was matter of surprise that this should be objected to , seeing that ) in this money-worshipping a _< e , very little can be had without payment . But this was not without its reason , A man when performing gratuitous services could find a hundred excuses for neglect of duty ; and , indeed , it was not in human nature to expect undivided attention without proper remuneration for it . By the present political machinery , many valuable and efficient representatives may be lost to the country , who may be too poor to afford the entire devotion of their time to the service

      of the state without renumeratiou . And here stands out in all its depravity the gross monopoly of power and place by those possessed of the property qualification . Poverty is held to be a crime , and to unfit tbe most talented and the most gifted of the advocates of human freedom to occupy the sphere which nature designed him for , because not _possessed of £ 500 a . year . But the aim ofthe property qualification is obvious . Corrupt men know that many a talented advocate of popular _rights was poor and needy through devotion of principle , and , fearing to meet them on constitutional grouuds , resortcrt to the expedient of making them show the _contsnlsof their pockets , however excellent the contents of

      their heads might be . The propriety of equal electorial districts would r- commend itself to all lovers of fair play , who wish to give every man in the country his full weight in politicel inftutnee . The anomaly of a small and obscure borough sending a member ot Parliament to represent 2000 inhabitants , while a town with a population of 20 , 600 could only have the same weight in the political scale , was too flagrant an absurdity to require further illustration . The speaker concluded by calling upon his brother Charti 6 ts to cultivate habits of sobriety ; to devote their leisure hours to the promulgation of their principles ; and that the domestic circle was not more the sphere of woman than was the political circle that ofthe man .

      Mr . Peter M'Intyre briefly seconded the resolution _proposrd by Mr . A , Grant Mr , James Cribbes next came forward and proposed the following motion : — " That this meeting is of opinion that the system of organization adopted by the National Charter Association is the best and only means whereby the spirit of the foregoing _resolutions can be effectually carried out . " He said , that the meeting had given a just verdict against clsss-legislatio ' n ; the Peoole's Charter had been brought forward , and on it also a just verdict had been given . As the rich and the poor were governed by ths same laws of nature , the same political justice ought to be meted out to them , He hoped they were determined to use all constitutional means to be free , Much had been said , and continued to be said , about slavery ; but certainly that was the greatest slavery which involved the _degredation of the mind . When a man had the political franchise denied him he was enslaved . ( Applause . )

      Mr . Cumming , iu secondirg the resolution , said—That the suffrage was tbeir inherent and ' inalienable right ; and that to possess it effectually and permanently , fhey muse be effectually organized and united . Without organization it was impossible to achieve any great object ; The spirit of poliical freedom was now abroad amongst the people , and beneficial results would ccrtniniy be the consequence . The meeting then separated .

      How To Make Murder Maciiinrs For Despots.— Having Been Honoured With An Invitation To Assist

      How to make Murder Maciiinrs for Despots . — Having been honoured with an invitation to assist

      At The Inspection Ofthe Corps Of Cadets ...

      at the inspection ofthe corps of cadets of St . Petersburgh , by the Grand Duke Michael , previous to their departure for Peterhof , we met on the Champ tie Mars , in uniform , where we found the Grand Duke just entering the great palace . Two thousand five hundred _yount ; soldiers , composing the first and second corps of cadets and the corps of pages , varying from the ages of ten 'to eighteen , were drawn up in a hollow square . They were first closely inspected by his Imperial Highness , and then went through a number of evolutions in excellent order , the Grand Duke giving the word of command himself . After having _manceiivred for two hours , they marched past in quick and slow time , and returned to their

      different academies . The size of some of these iuture officers amused me greatly . The Grand Duke kindly kept back , tour or five of the smallest to show us separately as curiosities These little urchins were not more than three feet and a half high , mere infants , ° _neverthcless , they went through the manual exercise as well as possible ; and on being ordered to march , set off in evorv sense of the word like men , for each stride was the full regulation step . After the main body of the voting gentlemen had finished their _matiusovres , _citfht guns , worked entirely by cadets , were brought forward , and fired several dozen rounds while retreating and advancing , going through the entire exercise with great precision . The whole thing lasted about four hours , and was a very interesting and amusing as

      ceremony , these boys played at soldiers with perfect exactness , and must be in every way prepared for tha duties of then- profession by the time tbey enter the regular army . At Pcterbof , where they went a few days after , they are encamped for some weeks in the neighbourhood of the palace , in order that their exercises may be conducted under the eye of the Emperor , who takes- a great interest and pride in these tiny regiments . They go _through all the evolutions of _aregulir army , and partake of all the toils ami hardships of an imaginary war . They are wonderfully steady , and only one instance , _iaknown of these young gentlemen having failed in tho performance of their duty . Some years ago , a body of the

      smallest among them were drawn up iu a hollow square , and charged by cavalry . They stood their ground very well for 901110 time ; but when the regi " ment of dragoons got quite close to them , their little hearts failed them , and they fairly took to their heels , scampering off iu every direction . They were with _difficulty brought back ; some of the officers present made them a speech , telling them that such wa 9 not conduct becoming the characters of the Iuture officers of tho Inipeml army , aud begged of them not to run awav again . They promised faithfully to stand firm for the future ; and certainly no soldiers could have been steadier than were the I entire body that we saw _inspected on the Champ da Mara . —Bowkt ' t Si , _Feferiburg and A / wcw ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 10, 1846, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_10101846/page/6/