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7*""" hasbeen any law founded uponany pr...
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: FRANCE. : THE 4TH OF MAT.' PARIS , Sat...
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FACTORIES BILL. The following are the cl...
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MASCHESTEn.—On Monday nig ht a meeting o...
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LORD ASHLEY AND THE FACTORY ACT. Gentlem...
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DEAin of Sir Thomas Cartwbwrt.—Intellige...
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EXTRAORDINARY StCOESS OF THE NEW REMEDY!! 7 >•>>' ¦'
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7*""" Hasbeen Any Law Founded Uponany Pr...
TWtt NORTHERN STAR , _^ .. _¦\ _,- _*^ . ; ! ••• ! _- : ; _' _"; _Mtf 1 _^* 8 ( 10 . _^ ¦ * ¦ " . ¦ ' / _^ " 1 _m——~^^^ ' — - ¦ _* ¦ I : ; _-- ¦ '• nnnTman - ' nninTra ' ra _d-So-i-o-d .. _~* BROTHER ' CHARTISTS BEWABE _!^ _^
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: France. : The 4th Of Mat.' Paris , Sat...
: FRANCE . : THE 4 TH OF MAT . ' PARIS , Saturday . —We have at length arrived at the 4 th of May , which for some not very conceivable reason bas been set aside by tbe government of the Republic as a day of rejoicing and amusement . The three days of the Revolution of February were , with more candour than is usually to be observed among French officials , ordered to he observed as a day of humiliation and mourning . We have not arrived at the period when any government could venture to make the 10 th oi December ( the day of Louis Napoleon ' s election ) a national holidav . And as the Parisians have
he e n accu st omed to cer t ain annual f tes , the 4 th of May has been fixed o n , t hat being t h e da y when t he first Constituent Assembly met , and w h e n t he decree of the-Provisional Government , which declared that the farm of government to be established in France should be republican , was confirmed . To show how little sincerity there is in the observance of t he day i t is onl y necessary to state that when M . Cremieux _vesterday ventured to ask what part t he Na ti o n al As s embl y was to take in the fetes , and whether any place was set aside for the members , ! the = President ( General Bedeau ) stopped any such impertinent inq . iries bv saying that there was no
: question * before the house , and immediately ad--journed the silting . Besides this , it will be remembered that the parties now in power have never ceased conspiring to destroy the established order of _thiugs , and that many of them defend their opposition to the Republic on the ground that it is an usurpation , and tbat ( although the Assembly accepted it by acclamation ) France was never consulted on the subject . Right or wrong , however , the day must be observed , and accordingly the French people have to pay 200 , 000 f . in order that the Parisians may have the usual quantitv of shows , fireworks , aud illuminations .
The correspondent of the * Chronicle gives the following description of tbe f te : — . "If some sober mortal , who ; three or four days back , has plodded his way mechanically across the Place de ia Concorde to the Faubsurg St . Germain , had been to-day suddenl y rais e d in mid a i r , and brou ght back by some of those kind genii whom it was our del ight ' to read of iu the Arabian tales , the surprise of the worthy man at such an unusual mode of locomotion _csuld not be greater than his astonishment at tbe marvellous transformation which be wopld find bad been effected in the Place during his brief absence . Statues and vases , gav flowers and sparkling waters , triumpbial arches , flags , trophies , draperies of velvet and silk , and everything in fact that can please the eye in an outof-doors f te , w o uld greet his eye to whatever side bt » turned . "Rven the weather he would find had
changed , as if expressly for the occasion , a bright sun and unclouded sky having taken the place of the . somewhat keen blasts that bave of late struggled . against the full bursting out of spring . 4 The locale of the / e . 'e included the space from the Madeleine across tha Place de la Concorde to the Chamber of Deputies , and . in the other direc'tions , up the long avenue of the Champs Elysees to the Arc de _PEto'le . Festoons of flowers were suspended between the _pilars of the Madeleine , whilst at each corner of the front of the building floated immense _trier-lour flags of silk . The term . floated is , however , only applicable to the morning and evening time , S 3 during the middle of the day
S 3 little air was _stirriaj , ihat here , as elsewhere , the various draperies and flags clung somewhat too lazily for effect lo the buildings and staffs which supported theaa . The Rae de la Concorde was ornamented down its _whole length with alternate pi l lars , crowned with huge vases of flowers , and with stands of _tri-eclonr lamps ready prepared for the evening ' s illumination . On the Place three grand changes Lad been effected , first , lofty triumphal arche 3 had beea placed at the four comers , jast where the carria-. e-way leads to the issue beyond ; nex _* , lhe t . _vo fountains in the centre were s loped _gEntiv down ia the ground , and covered with green turf , _interspersed with beds of living flowers , whilst the watpr _.-i ahnvs -lanced in the sunbeams
amidst a profusion o : evergreens and plants m full blow ; and , la st ly , the Obeiisk was surrounded with an immense platform , at each angle of ivhich were placed immense _sphlnxe ? , cf a dark _c-ilour , the harmonize wiih the monument above * whilst against the four sides of the pillar stood Egyptian fi-ures , of huge size , as if tha guardians of some treasure mentioned in the hieroglyphics above them . Ol these three great modifications in the usual _appsarance or lhe place , this last appeared to us the least happy , though it is only justice io say that we heard many of our neighbours admire it beyond measure . It might , perhaps , have been as well to _sav that below were placed a number of inscriptions ,
which spoke at one :: the feelings of _ifoc peopie whom the te was designed to please . On the four feces of the raited _construction were the words : Heliopoli 3 , Aboukir , Pyramides , and _Monii-abor ; whilst underneath were ilw names of Kieber , Mura _> , Desaix , Denon , Lsrrey _. L-mnes , Bertiiollet , Berthier , and other eminent j erson _? , who to » k part in the expedition of _Egyji-i . In addition , at some little distance from ths _monumen :, were erected four shields , one at each angle , bearing the inscriptions of Armee _d'ltalie—Mareng-o , Arcole , Rivoli ; Armee
in Rhin—Jemmappcs , HoIk nlinden , Zurich ; Armee d' Afriqne—Isly , _Cossianiinas _^ Algiers ; and , lastly , Grande Armee — Auuerluz , Jena , Wagram . A French population can never behold these names unmo v ed ; and hence , during the day , around this spo t , the crowds _conUuued to congregate , r e ading , frequently aloud , _those n- » mes so flattering to their desire for military glory . It can scarcely be d o ub t ed that the intention in tilting up ihe centre of the Place in this manner _wa-s _, through the fame of the Emperor Napoleon , io throw a reflected gleam on bis nephew , the President of the Republic .
The four triumphal arches , if s o t h e y may be called , are handsome well-proportioned erections hearing inscriptions intimating that tliey are respectively dedicated to commerce , agriculture , the arts , and literature . On the sides are to . be seen the names of the _p-rsons most famou 3 in French annals in these several branches . Suspended from the centre of each of these , arches is placed a magnificent chandelier of immense size , which , when lit up , will no doubt produce a sp lendid effect . Oa each _si-le , along the Place , are erected statues representing justice , _scalpture , agriculture , architecture , commerce , and other matters connected with the inscriptions on the triumphal arches .
But the arrangement of the fountains was , as we have already stated , the most dainty device of all , the intermingling of flowers , falling waters , coloured lamp s , tri-coloured streamers , with the most charming garden s a ? Anglaise below , rendering them most fairy . like in elegance and lightness . "Within a roped-in space , near them , were placed bands of music , which played at intervals during the day . The correspondent of the 'D a il y News' writing on tbe 5 th inst . says : —* The festival of the 4 th of May went off without the least disturbance or accident . The weather was singularly -favourable . The only fine spring day we bave had jumped with the fete . All was warm , radiant , and joy-inspiring . The sinister predictions of reactionary journals were splendidly belied by the crowded faces of the festively-attired citizens . Net the least disturbance
ruffled the vast assemblage which choked the ample spaces of the Place de la _C-.-ncorde , aud wa v ed a sea of bats and bonnets up the avenues of the Champs Elysees to the Barn-ire de i'Etoile . The gorgeous tinsel of the show was arranged with the most artist-like effect , and never were £ 12 , 000 sauandered with more admirable economy . The crowd was entertained with fantastic fits of variegated flame till midnight , and then dispersed quietly to their homes * scarcely dreaming of the skilful combinations which General Changarnier had formed to prevent any explosion of democratic rage . ' A Socialist named _Courtois has been sentenced , by def a ul t , by the Court of Assize of Paris to imprisonment for one yearand to pay a fine of l , 000 f ., for having delivered a seditious speech at an electoral -meeting at Belleville , on the 19 th of April .
A clandestine press for printing Socialists pamphlets , which were afterwards distributed through Paris and the suburbs for the purpose of making conv e r t s , has been discovered at Mezey , near _VersaiHe * . The printer has been fined _4 , _' OOOf . for a violation of the law . The President of the Republic has published a decree , dismissing M . Gilly , the Mayor of Remou-• ubs , in the department of the Gard . _« . _^! etter from 0 rle « n' _* i _olth t 2 nd inst ., mentions that four companies of the 24 th Regiment of Lig ht _laiantry had been despatched tb Montargis , in confoSVa P ublicanb » _qoet announced there For some day , past there has been a strike among _tteworfan-M in the _ employment of the paper _atenenof Pans . The strike rs not yet at an end , hat it is hoped that tt _wai not last manv daw
: France. : The 4th Of Mat.' Paris , Sat...
longer . The workmen demand that their d _**' wor * should be _lifflitedito . ten hpura , _^ in the period of the Provisidnai . Govenimerit . ' , ' . J _? _% _- 7 X _& X 7 . -X The , uli » . Conservative papers , ar _> tryin | to get up a Wiplatf : biantationrhy means of what they call a " League-for the public good ; ' the objects of which is to agitate the country in favour of the Reform' of Unive r s a l Suffra g e , and the revision of the Constitution . This new institution is . got . op on the ruins of t he Elec t oral Union , which has _^ allen jnto disrepute since its failure in the two 'last _eleegs . for Paris Under its auspices , several petitions , praying for the revision of the constitution , have already reached Paris . GLORIOUS _VICTOET OP THR DEMOCRATS . _^ -
- Thefollowing is the definitive state of the poll for the election ofthe department of the Saone-et-Loire , as proclaimed on the 3 rd of May , at Macon . It will be seen tbat the majority of the Republicans is much greater than it was at the former election . •—Electors inscribed ... \ oni ? i Number who voted ... . ... „ f _** ' MM . Madier-Montjau ... . _' _-V- _^ Es q uiros 7 3 , 0 ( 50 Charassin ... — 73 , 014 Dain 73 , 014
Hcnnequin ... < 2 , 822 C olf a vru 7 1 , 290 Billault 46 , 508 "Dariefc ... - 46 , 471 Boutelier 46 , 409 Lafouge ... ... 46 , 414 D'Esterno 46 , 233 Benoist ... ..... 46 , 096 _..,-MM . _Madier-de Montjau Esquiros , Charassin , Dain . Hcnnequin , a n d Colfavru , the six- democratic candidates , wer e consequentl y declared representat iv es of t he peop le .
_Wedxksuat . — In the Assembly , _to-day , M . Baroche read the exposition of the motives , and the clauses of the Electoral Law . The Left demanded the previous question . Upon this being rejected a debate opened . upon the question of ur g ency , which _wa 9 decided by assis ana / eve , by . a large majority in favour of the urgency . M . Baroche , amid breathless attention , a scend e d the tribune , and proceeded to read the exposition of motives for the Electoral Reform Bill . It states that the present law is defective , aiid that discontent is manifested . Of all . the provisions , t he most da ng erous is t ha t w hich conf e rs t he ri ght of voting by six months residence . Thus the elector , under
certain circumstances , may vote successively in several departments . It is urgent to . remedy this inconvenience .. The constitution requires thatthe vo t e shall t ake pl a ce by c a n t on s in t he place of t h e real residence . Is the electoral law conformable to this principle ? "We propose for the electoral domicile a residence of three years , t hat i s during a p eriod eq u al to t ha t of the leg islation . The proof of domicile is founded on an inscription in the- assessment of personal taxes ; we propose to take as the basis of the existence of doraicils , the payment of these taxes during three years . But the persons who l i ve in t he domicile o f their f at hers or m ot her s , workmen , and servants , shall be exempt from payment of these taxes , providing they shall have inhabited the same domicile during three years . Soldiers should be exempt both from the
requirements of domicile and payment of taxes . Thus , conformably with the constitution , the election will not be dependent on taxation , the payment of personal taxes being only taken as an evidence of domicile . Another objectionable point in the law of March 15 th 13 * the enumeration of the causes of incapacity . These causes are too limited . The new law proposes a new enumeration . A third point requires that one-eight ol the electors shall vote to validate the elections . The new law requires for the first vote the fourth of the electors inscribed on the electoral lists . The obligation of replacing _representatives ia the Assembly shall be extended to six months . The minister concluded by demanding ' urgence' for this law , because of tht agitation endeavoured to be propagated on account of this law . ( Great confusion and clamour on the Left . )
SWITZERLAND . I t has a l ready been announced that the Swiss government had decreed the dissolution of the societies of German workmen established in Switzerland . It has been ascertained , on an official investigation , that the object of these societies was to . destroy , iio _* . o nl y all t he th r ones , bnt also the social institutions of Germany , and that they were in communication with similar associations in Eng land , France , and Germany . It has further been ascertained that the associations had entered into close communication with the political refugees in Switzerland .
' La Suisse , of the 2 nd mst ., publishes an address of thirty-six members of the Assembly and of the _Co-incil of State to the electors ' , in opposition to the conservative party , in which they charge that party with being leagued with the reactionary party of the interior and connected with the reactionaries of the pxterior , first jeopardising the liberties of Switzerland , and then those of the people connected with it , as being intimately allied with the old aristocracy , the natural enemy " of all liberty , and as having , with their friends the Jesuits , hailed the alliance of ail the perfidious enemies of the institutions of the country .
GERMANY . Professor Kinkel and several other persons , charged with riot at Siegburger when the stoorhouse of the Landwebr was attacked and plundered , were acquitted on Thursday week at Cologne . Kinkel had heen brought there ia custody from his cell at _Nanpardt , where he is undergoing his sentence of imprisonment for life for bis share in the Baden insurrection . "So sentence could have made any difference in his fate . He was immediately taken back again . All the others were immediately set at liberty . .. At _Elberfeld the trial of the persons accused of participation in the insurrection of May , 1849 , is proceeding .
The province of Posen , the Island of Prussia , is represented by letters thence , to beinamost deplorable state of anarchy aud misery . The police and military stationed in the small villages are totally incompetent to suppress the numerous bands of robbers . Tbe latter perform their handiwOrk in open d a yli ght , and before the eyes of the authorities . Neither life nor property can be considered safe . The province of Silesia merits a similar description _. The authorities here have determined on despatch _, ing a large bod y of m o unted gensd a rmes , and on increasing the military stationed in both provinces . v The Wurtemberg government bas laid before tbe Chamber a new law of election , which excludes universal sufirage , and introduces a property qualification .
Munich is expecting another 'beer not , and the military preparations for it . have g iven t he ci t y t he appearance of a capital in a state of siege . Before 1848 , w h ich mad e insurrec t ions f a miliar , i t was the only German cap i t al subject to po p ular outbreaks , and the cause of them was always the same—the " price of beer . Lola Montes , the Jesuits , and politics , as disturbing causes , came later ; tbey have ceased to have any hold on the public , but beer remains—the eternal quencher of thirst and exciter of discord . The price has been raised a kreuzer per
pint , and tbe most terrible consequences are apprehended ; the guards at tbe Palace and all the gates are d ou bl e d , several of the public buildings are filled with soldiers of all arms , and the streets are regularly patrolled by detachments with loaded arms . The precautions would seem disproportionate to the cause anywhere else , but are p er haps necessary where the population are such enormous consumers of the article as to elicit the satire of their brother nationalists . It was a German who declared that every Bavarian gets up in tbe morning as a beer cask , and go es t o b e d a cask of beer !
ITALYROMAN STATES . —Our correspondent at Rome , in his letter of the 27 th ult ., continues to give a very hopeless account of the financial state . A conference between Messrs . de Rothschild and the Minister Galli on the 26 th waB attended with no . sa t i s factory result , so that the loan was ' still at a . stand-still , silver incre as in g in price daily , and the Exchange on London up to 545 . An extraordinary imposition on UTban ' and rural property had been announced to meet tbe necessities of the state , and a portion of the small notes were shortly to be withdrawn from circulation . Imprisonment and deprivation of office were going on without any mitigation from the clemency of the Pope , or the intercession of Gen Baraguay d'Hilliers , whose departure was fixed for the 5 th .
POLAND . The Emperor of Russia is expected in "Warsaw on the 7 th , and every preparation is made for his reception . In consequence of the late a ' rrestB , passpor t s have almost ceased to be granted . A few foreigners and mercantile men have for som e time been the onl y exceptions . TURKEY . . Letters from Constantinop le of , the 17 lh ult . in the 'Deutsche Zeitung ' _-stotesthat the Bosnian in . surrection is progressing at a very alarming rate . The Pashas of _Zwornik and Fouzla have joined the re-
: France. : The 4th Of Mat.' Paris , Sat...
7 *""" 7 _» Kp Turkish . government has ; been comin An 55 _S _^ . _£° ; "L _-A ' mi out in Kourdistan . . , m \ X ntj _RS Fffendfthe Turkish Commissioner in the n Ab EKies , is making energetic though D T _i to induce the Russians _toreduced useless effort * * rovinM 8 to 10 j 000 men ln gtftad _^ _Si- _^ General _LuderCleft Bucharest on the n _« _^ 1 ? Ma rch . The present , Russian ., commander _?* £ L _^ bian Princi palities is General _Hassfort , ' _" _rt _^^ _desLyrne'states ; thatVthe dis-. _i „'«; on the isl and of Samos have led to a bomarb _/^ oft _^ town , andtoaconflictofforty . eight S _? d _ralion ! Zh ' e course of which the Turkish troops _succeeded in defeating and dispersing the
in-8 Ur M _" _* DAY —The * Na tional' enters into a discossion of the _' effect _, which _^ repor ted jntentipn of the authors of the Bill to Confine the Franchise to h cla ss es p ay ing the : Mte , and Chattel . tax f laxes versonelle et muhliere ) is likely to _produce , and infers from the fad of none but the extremely indigent class , which does , not amount to much more than a million in France , being excluded from the list of contributors to the taxes mentioned , that this condition wogld not effect , an important reduction in tbe number of votes . It says _| : * : i . The Bourse fell somewhat to day on the report that there would be a formidable opposition in the Assembly to the Electoral Reform Bill . •'* It was settled last night at the Club of the Conseil d Etat that the intention to demand urgency for the Electoral Bill should be maintained . ¦;" ¦¦¦¦ _¦?
The Legislative Assembly to day , after adopting , without debate , the last chapters of the budget of marine , passed to . that of public vrorlio . M . Nadaud ( a mason ) read a long speech , com p laining of the injudicious economies introduced into the bud get of this department , and of the indifference shown by the government to the lot of the . working classes ; Grinding distress was occasioned by the shrinking of . all capital from , enterprise . , It was the business of the government to lure forth from
barren : hoards the shy wealth of moneyed men , by . encoura ging with _advantageous conditions useful works , such as buildings . . Money _em ployed in this way would be milch better bestowed than lavished as it was upon immense armaments . Tbe state owed woTk to workmen ,. and the best way to avoid barricades was to compl y wi t h t his obli gation as religiously as possible . JFIe concluded by proposing that the state should guarantee a minimum of in t eres t to c apitalists wbo constructed
buildings . _¦¦ M . Benoit d'Azy replied to the speech of M . Nadaud , and attempted to show that all possible sacrifices would not avail to . remedy , the state of the working classes , until public , security was established . Tbe Assembly then , passed to ' . the dismission of the chapters , several of ; which were adopted without any incident jof , interest . - ¦ _^ Leon Faucher inserts a * long article in the Messager de Ia Semaine , ' calling on the majority r > f the Assembly and tlieir suppo ' _rjers to organise clubs for the propagation of conservative principles and the opposition pf the growth of Socialism ,
Factories Bill. The Following Are The Cl...
FACTORIES BILL . The following are the clauses and amendments to bo moved by Sir George Grey in committee on this
Bill—* Clause 1 , page 2 , line 9 , after the word ' that , ' to leave out to the end of the c _' ause , and t o ins e r t the following words , ' save as hereinafter mentioned , so much " of the said acts as restricts or limits the employment or labour of young persons , and of females above the age of eighteen . years , shall be repealed ; and after the passing of this act , no young person , and no female abovo the age of _eighteen years , shall be employed in any factory before six of the o ' clock in the morning , or after ; six of the clock in the _evening of any day ( save to recover lost time as hereinafter provided ;) and no young person , and no femnle above the age of eighteen years , shall be employed in any factory , either to recover lost time or for any other purpose , oh any Saturday after two of the clock in the afternoon . '
' And be it enacted , t h at bo much of the said secondlj recited act as requires notice of the times of _beginning and ending daily work of all persons employed in any factory , or notice , in t h e form _jjiven in the schedule ( C ) to such act as the form for the hours of work of all young persons and females above the age of eighteen years employed in the factory , to be hung or fixed up in any factory , and so much of the same act as enacts that in any _complains of the employment of any person iii a factory otherwise than is allowed by ' that act , -. the time of beginning work in the morning , which shall be stated in any notice fixed up in tho factory , signed by tbe occupier or his agent , shall be taken to be the time when all persons in the factory ; except children beginning to work in tbe afternoon , began work on any day subsequent to the date of such notice , so long as the same continued fixed up in the fact o r y shall be repealed .
'And whereas uy the said secondly recited act it was enacted , that the times allowed for meal times , as pro vided b y the s aid fir st ly re c i t ed act , should b e taken between the hours of half-past seven in the morning and half-past seven in the evening , be it enacted , tbat the times allowed for such mealtimes as aforesaid shall be taken between the hours of halfpast seven in morning and six in the evening , and subject to such alteration as aforesaid , all the provisions ofthe said firstly and secondly recited acts concerning me . il times and notice of meal times , shall remain applicable to all young persons ahd ' to all females above the age of eighteen years employed in any factory . * 'And whereas by the said secondly recited act it was enacted , that in any factory in which any part of the machinery was moved by the power of water , the time which should have been lost by _stoppages from want of water , or from too much water , might bo
recovered within six months next after the stoppage , between the hours specified in the said firstly recited act , as those within wliich time lost by drought or excess of water might be recovered : and that , in order to recover time so lost , any child or young person might be employed one hour in each day more than the time to which the ordinary labour of children and young persons respectively was restricted by law , except on Saturday . Be it enacted , th a t no y oun g person and no female above the age of eighteen years , shall , in order to recover time so lost as aforesaid , be employed after seven of the clock in the evening of any day ; and the times before six of the clock in the morning and after six of the clock in the evening , during which any such , young person or female is so employed in any day , shall riot together exceed one hour ; and ; save as aforesaid , young persons and females above the age of eighteen years , maybe employed to recover lost time , according to the provisions of the said secondly recited act .
Maschesten.—On Monday Nig Ht A Meeting O...
MASCHESTEn . —On Monday nig ht a meeting of factory operatives was held in the Corn Exchange , forthe purpose of protesting against the proposed amendments which have been announced , by Sir G . Grey , as to be proposed on thc bill , of Lord " Ashley . Tho chair was occupied , by Mr . Lawrence Pitkeithley , a manufacturer , who , after reading the placard b y w h ic h t he meet ing ha d been convened , call e d upon Mr . Ma w dsley , the secretary , to read the first resolution , which he did as follows : — " That , after t wo year s' experience of the operations of the' Ten Hours Act , ' we , the factory operatives of Manchester , in public meeting assembled , feel ourselves
bound , from sad necessity , once more to . declare our unqualified approbation of that just and righteous law , and also our determination nover to , consent to any proposition , eman a tin g frora wh a t e v e r quarter it may , involving in the s l ightest degree a departure from the principle of ten hours for five days in the week , aud ei ght on the Saturdays , for all females and young persons em p lo y ed in mill s a nd fa c tories , and tbat vie will stand or fall by fifty-eig h t hours a week , as our . undoubted right accorded to us by the solemn decision of Parliament , with no relays , no compromise , and no surrender . "
Mr . Currt _, a factory worker , seconded the resolution . It was sup p orted by Mr . _Donnovait , also , a factory operative-, who contended that the proposal of the government was the most disgraceful thing ' that had ever been proposed ' to a British parliament . The resolu t ion p as sed un a nimou s l y . ., ; ,.-The second resolution was proposed by . an operativ e , and seconded by Mr . II . Grben , . a . f a ctory hand , and was : — " Th a t this meeting is of opinion that the conduct of the government with regardto
the Ten Ilours Bill , m not informing the country what they in ten d e d to d o until the l a s t momen t , h as b e en an a c t of inju s tice , as the factory , operatives were led to believe thatthe government would support their just claims for an efficient Ten Hours Act , instead of which they have now g iven their a id to a minority of emp loyers , thereby creating much uneasiness and discontent in the minds of the factory operatives . " T his a lso pa s sed unanimousl y . The following protest was then read by Mr . John Fur , and was unanimously adopted : —
. . . PBOTE 8 T . ; That the factory operatives here assembled , have learned with sorrow and indignation that the government has signified its intention to make a proposition to the House of ComrnonB . by which it is sought to deprive the females and young- persons employed in mills and factoriesof a portkn o £ those leisure hours which the wise and good of , aU classes have decided to be so' essential to tlieir physical , moral , and social welfare , and take this opportunity to enter their most solemn pretest against the enactment of
Maschesten.—On Monday Nig Ht A Meeting O...
any law founded uponany proposition which inthe remotest degree sanctions a departure from the _principle ofthe ten hours a day for five days in theweek , and tight on the Saturday ; Tor the following reasons : — ' Firstly _.- _^ Because the . Ten Hours Bill was passed into Jaw by -the force of public opinion , and by large majorities of bo th Houses of Parliament , after thirty years of peaceful and legitimate agitation . Secondly . —Wherever the law has been fairly carried out according to the intentions of the Legislature ; its results " to the workpeople have been ofthe most beneficial character , without injury to the employers , whieh has been abundantly proved by . the reports of the factory inspectors and other public journals . " Thirdly .- _^ Because petitions to the _LegislatHre ' have been forwarded during the present session of Parliament , prayingthe House of Commons to complete the good work by carrying out ' _itsintentions lTirnTrfmi " " _* 'T "" ° "Tr _** _"rHtiiffllT ' _1 r' _- _*'* ith _* _nrrri " ''" f
. , when it passed the Ten Hours Act _, ofl 817 ..,.... _> . . . . . ; . ¦ : .. .. ., ; . . . ., . Fourthly . —Because " a minority of masters only requirp the alteration ; themajority being satisfied with the present law , when amended as proposed , so as to carry out the intentions of . tho Legislature of 1817 . . _f Fifthly . —Because the- females ' and young persons for whose especial . benefit the Ten Hours Act was passed , have availed themselves , as faras possible , ofthe opportunities afforded them for religious and moral culture , and for the performance of . their domestic duties ; therefore . the enactment of any law to extend the timo of their labour is unnecessary and oppressive ; We , therefore , most respectfully , call _upon'the Legislature not to sanction or countenance the enactment . of any law which has for its object the deterioration of a good and . righteous measure , and which might lead to the conviction that there is one law for the . rich and another for the poor . '
The meeting , was subsequentl y addressed by Mi * . ; EHjah , Dixon , formerl y , a-factory , worker but now an extensive lueifer-match manufacturer , ; also by Mr . Buchanan , a manufacturer . ; .. and . by . Mr ., S . Haworth , of Bolton ; " and Mi * . "Story .. After a vote of thanks to the chairman ' , the proceedings closed . ; At a meeting of the Lancashire : Central ; Committee for tbo protection of the Ten Ilours Factory Act , held oii the 4 th of May , 1850 , it was resolved : ' " That the Government proposition _^ to extend the time of work in factories of women and children is auunjuot and cruel attempt to deprive'thom of their legal , ' protection which they now possess . _; v "That the factory ; workers would : greatly prefer that the hill now hefore the House , of . Commons
shouldVbe thrown out-for . this session altogetner , than ' that any ; the slightest , alteration should be made in the duration or labour . . " That , should the House of * Commons agree to adopt a bill containing _^ any . extension oftime , this committee plegdes . itself to exert every nerve tb cause such bill to be thrown but . : "That a petition-to Parliament ,, in . co n f o rmit y with these resolution ' s , to . bo , si ghed . by ; the chairman on behalf of this committee , and to bo , presented to tho House of Commons on or before Wednesday n e xt , be now adopted . " That the district committees be advised to a do p t tho same , course . " ' . ¦ ' ¦¦ ' . ; . ..,,,,. . . The Petition , i > .. ¦ . ' [ . To the . Honourable the Commons of Great Britain and . Ireland in Parliament assembled .
The , petition ofthe Lancashire Central Committeo for the Protection of . tho Ton Hours Factory Act sheweth—Thatyo . uv petitioners are . n committee appointed by the factory-workers of . the county ot Lancaster to act for them in all matters relating to any amendments or alterations of the Factory Acts . " : _- _; _,.. ? That your _petitionersknow perfectly what are the interests and feelings oftho factory-workers on this subject .. That any addition to the labour of women and children in factories would be seriously injurious to tho - health , morals , and domestic comfort of such persons , and . that they would much _r-ithcr prefer that nobillon the subject of factory labour should be passed than that any such addition should take place . ' "' r'fliat your petitioners have heard with great-surprise and indignation that Her M _.-ijesty ' s . _Ministevs intend to propose to odd to the duration of the labour of women and children in factories . ¦ ' ¦ '
That the people employed in factories have petitioned your , Hon . House to correct a mistako ' made in the act passed for tlieir protection , and that a proposition to make that fact the excuse for depriving them of the protection so accorded , your petitioners cannot but view as derogatory to the character of your Hon . House . . ¦ Your petitioners ' . therefore humbly pray your Hon . House will be pleased not to pass any measure whereby the duration of the labour of women , young persons , and children in factories mav be in any degree extended . And your petitioners will ever pray . Philip Knight , Chairman .
Lord Ashley And The Factory Act. Gentlem...
LORD ASHLEY AND THE FACTORY ACT . Gentlemen , —It has become my duty to stnte to you , without further delay , the' course that I would advise you to pursue in' the present position of the Factory Bill inthe Ilouse of Commons . I am bound to act as your friend , and not as your delegate ; and I counsel you , t h e refore , to acce p t forth wiih tho proposition made , by her Majesty ' s Government , as the only means of- solving tlie difficul t ie s in w hi c h w e are now placed . . . . ¦ ¦ I wish most heartily for your sakes that they con . tained an unqualified'limitation to ten hours daily ; but I a m i n duc e d , nevertheless , for the following reasons , to givo you that counsel : —
1 . ; The dispute is now limited te a struggle about two hours in tho week—whether the aggregate toil shall bo fiftyreight or sixty hours ; the government pla n requirin g t h e t wo addi t ional hours , but g iving an equivalent in exchange . _.--,,.., . * 2 . The plan imposes a most important and ; _beneficial limi tat ion of th e r a nge . over which'the " workmay be taken , reducing it from fifteen to twelvo hours in the day , thereby preventing aii possibility of s hif t s , relays , and other evasions—ii result which cannot be attained by any : other form of enactment . This has always beenmy . strong conviction , and I carried the question by the separate divisions in 18-14 .
3 . Ifc secures to the working people for recreation and domestic duty , the whole of every evening after six o ' clock . * _'"' . ' . " i . It provides for a later commencement of work by half an hoiir in the morning . 5 . Ifc insures additional leisure time on overy Saturday . 6 . Because this arrangement would secure , I believe , the co-operation of the employers—a matter of no slight importance in the good working of any measure and essential to the harmony and good feeling we all desire to seo in the vast districts of our manufactures •'
But there are other reasons , drawn from the embarrassments of our present position . I have already . described to you in a former letter the necessity I have boon under ( after making many essays and taking . many l e arned o pinions ) of introducing a clauso to prohibit relays which contains new matter and imposes fresh restrictions . This unavoidable step on my part sets at liberty many members who considered themselves engaged to maint a in the honour o f P a rli a ment , and t hus endangers the su c cess of the m eas ure ultim a t e l y , and certainl y the progress ofit in the present session . . Its progress , even were tho bill unopposed , would be difficult under the heavy pressure of public business ; but opposed as ifc would be , postponement
would be inevitable . Now , I greatly fear delay ; I r e fr a in from stating my re a sons ; but I re p eat , I greatly f ea r delay , as lik e l y to bo produ ct ive of infini te mi s chief , and whi c h m a y p o ss ibl y completely alter your relative and actual position . . I have tried to discover the bright side of tho postponement , but I cannot perceive any advantage in it whatsoever . You will stand no better in tho next session than you do in this ; you may possibly stand worse . . _' _.-. , ' . ' , ' The two hours are , ! 'know , your unquestionable ri glit ; ' but , on the o t her hand , the . range of fifteen hours i s th o unquestion a ble right of the em ployers : the exchange they offer is fair , and the gain -is on your side . _.-. In giving thi s couns e l , I know that I shall be exposed to sad misrepresentations ; but it is my duty notto do that which will secure applause to myself , but that which will secure protection to your families and children . I should be overjoyed to
obtain for you tho full concession of tho two hours in the week ; but such nn issue seems to my mind next to impossible ; and in the protraotod _etrugglo to r o ach t ho ten , you incur the hazard of- oeing brou ght to _elevon hours . Postponement musfc follo w co n flic t ; divisio n amon g th e op e r at iv es will follow postponement ; and when onoe you are a divided body your cause will be irretrievably lost . Ifc will be necessary to insert the word " children " into the clauso introduced' by Sir George Groy , in order that the youngest workers may be sure to enjoy thc benefit 61 the close ofthe daily labour at six o ' clock . Witb this view I shall accept tho amendment proposed by the Minister , in the humble but assured hope that tho issue will be blessed to the moral and social amelioration of your great commuuity . I am , Gentlemen , Your very f a i t hful friend a nd serv nt , -May 7 . . . " Ashlet . The Short Time Committees of ' Lancashireand Yorkshire .
Deain Of Sir Thomas Cartwbwrt.—Intellige...
DEAin of Sir Thomas Cartwbwrt . —Intelligence has been received at tho British Legation in Berlin , from Stockholm , ofthe death of Sir Thomas Cartwright ; her _Majest-v ' s envoy at the court of Sweden ; Sir Thomas had attained his fifty-fourth year , ; and has passed thirty-six years in the diplomatic service , A Descendant of Robert Burns . —For sometime ther o h as been tr a velling in tho interior of the . remote iBland of Borneo - and sojourning among its rudo people of bead-bunters , a young man of-the name of Burns , and this young man is the _grandion of Robert-Burns and _? 'bonny Je a n , " _: This
adventurous youth has not oniy Deen Hospitably and kindly treated by the Dyaks , but a prince of the Kayan nation , the most powerful of the island , has given him one of his daughters to wife ; so that the future biographers of Robert Burns will , in all human l ikelihood , be able to enumerate among his descendants those also of a Borhean prince . Mr . Burns has discovered mines of antimony and coal fields in . Borneo more extensive than any -in the w o rld , out of America . He seems , moreover , to be not onl y a person of great enterprise , but also a man _.-of intelligence and good education ; for ho has written and published by far the beat and ' most authentic account of Borneo which has hitherto
Deain Of Sir Thomas Cartwbwrt.—Intellige...
hnnn rirnn in fin liiiir % .. » . _- ... _;•! ¦ ¦ ' . ii ' w ' _i :-been given to the publio . _'* ; The grandson , in short , of hira who sang ! " on , the banks of Ayr , " isan intrepid and intelligent traveller in the woods of Borneo and ion the Equator _^/
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ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS , _GENERATIVE INCAPACITY , AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE , Thirty-first edition , illustrated with Twenty-Six Anatomi . cal Engravings on Steel , enlarged to WC pages , price 2 * . Gd ; by post , direct from the Establishment , 3 _j . 6 * , ¦ in postage stamps . " THE SILENT FRIEND * A a medical work on the exhaustion and physical decay of the system , produc « d by excessive _indulgence , the consequence ? of infection , or the abuse of mercury , with _observatisn _?; ou tlie marrried state , and the disqualification * - which prevent it ; illustrated by twenty-six coloured _ea-. gravings , and by the detail of cases . By R . and I .. PERRY and Co ., 19 , Berners-street , Oxford-street , London .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 11, 1850, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_11051850/page/2/
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