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and despairfor the blak and ^ orpvw Augu...
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GOLDEN HAT MART.
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Co <fforre0iJontoM&
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J. Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the...
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THE NORTHERN STAB 3ATUUDAT, AUGUST «1, 1S49.
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HOW CRIMINALS ARE MANUFACTURED. Empirici...
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TEE TEN HOURS ACT. We observe Avith plea...
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THE ROYAL VISIT TO IRELAND. After the la...
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AGGREGATE MEETING OF THE PAR LIAMENTARY ...
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TO THE MEMBERS OP THE NATIONAL LAKD COMP...
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EXECUTIVE FUND. Received by S. Ki'dd.—Ki...
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TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR, ESQ., M.P. Dear and...
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TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR, ESQ., M.P. Worthy a...
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Rational llano Company
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Gosport.—At a meeting of members on Mond...
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A VISIT TO 0"CONNORVILLE. On Monday last...
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anjatttet %\\tt\\i$mtt.
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Biudfoud. —At a meeting of members held ...
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Thu Franklin Expedition. — Every one wil...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
And Despairfor The Blak And ^ Orpvw Augu...
_^ _orpvw August 11 , 1849 . 4 THE _MAPTHtt . _R-N -p _vAB-3 - « __ _J — - _^^¦^ - _t—g _^ _M _^ _W _*********—* _^ mm _^^^^^^^^ _" _^^^— _'' _— _- _^— — . _>
Golden Hat Mart.
GOLDEN HAT MART .
Ad00418
A Good and Fashionable Hat is of the utmost importance as regards Personal Appearance s TIIE PUBLIC WILL DO WELL TO VISIT _ECKERSLEY'S CELEBRATED HAT MART Where they may be suited in every respect both as to Price and Quality , AT ECKERSLEVS , 2-5 , CROWN-STREET , HALIFAX , Observe !—The Large Golden Hat over the door .
Ad00417
HUNGARY A _* _T ) THE COSSACKS ! _jBST Every _pebsox -wfcsuisc jo csderstaxd the ORIGIN * 0 " F TIIE _Ji-fSUIt HUNGARIAN * STRUOOIE , SHOULD BEAD SO . XII . OP TOE " DEMOCHATIC BETIKW . " SOW READY * _Wl _* liI THE MAGAZINES FOR . _A"JGSS"T , So . _IR-af THE _BEJiOCHATIC REVIEW Of BM 3 SSH _= uj J POR & ieS POLITICS . _IHiJi' _^ aY and _LlTfiUATUUE . Edited lay _Ck _JULIAN HAUSEY , oextestb :
Ad00419
THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVER rCBLBHEO . Trice Is . Ci , A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of _PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Sow Beady , a Sew Edition of m _O'CONNOR'S WORK OH SMALL FARMS . THE LABOURER MAGAZINE . Vols . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , may still be had , neatly _tound , 2 , _ricc _^ s- 6 < L each "No . 4 , the Number containing "Mb . O'Cossoa ' _s Treatise on the National Land Company ;" So . 10 , the one containing "Mit . O'Coskok ' s Treatise * On the National Laud and Labour Bank connection -with the Land Company : "Have lately been reprinted , and may be had on appliea-¦ Uon , Price tid . each . Imperfections of the ' Labourer . Magazine * may still be lad at the Publishers . Just _puhUsliea _Xo _** . ! ., TL , and I 1 I _„ Pries _Sixpence Each , or THE COMMONWEALTH . Sold by J . Watson , Queen's Head Passage , Paternoster row , London ; A . _Ileynrood , Oldiiain-street , " Slanchesterr and Love and Cn .. 3 , Xelson-street , Glasgow . -And bj- all HookseUers in Town and Country .
Ad00420
TOWER _JIAMLETS HALL ASSOCIATION . To _aH-who deare to unite pleasurable recreation , with the moral advancement and elevation of the people . AN _EXCURSIONTb RICmiOXD , BY WATERMAX STEAM BOAT , Xa 10 , OX MONDAY , AUG"C * 5 T Stai _* , 1 _SI 9 . Tlie Committee i-e . _-= _peclfnUy inform their friends and thc public generally tliat the proceeds arising from the ' excursion to tlie above delightful and romantic summer retreat , ¦ will be applied in aiding the funds for the purpose _ofesta-Hkhinjr : ui appropriate place of Meeting , Library , and "Mutual Instruction Society , for the Democratic Party of fhe east end of London .
Ad00421
PEfiEECIED BY _ItOYAL LETIE 11 S PATENT . DR . LOCOCK'S FEMALE WAFERS , Have no Taste of _ileScine , And are the < mJy remedy recommended to "be _taTien by ladies . They _fortify the Constitution at aB periods of life , and in aU Xenreus Affections act like a charm . They remove Heaviness , Fatigue on Slight Exertion , Palpitation of theneart , Lowxess of Spirits , " Weakness , and allay pain . They create Appetite , and remove Indigestion , Heart-* bnrn , Wind . Head Aches , Giddiness , . te . In Hysterical Diseases , a proper perseverance in the use cf this Medicine _eiil be found to effect a cure after al ] -Other means had faiUd . US' Full Directiijue-aregiven with every box . " 2 Tote . —These Wafeiss do not contain any 3 Iineral , and _tszy he taken either dissolved in water or whole .
Ad00422
EUrTURES _EFFECTUALLY CUREP wnnouT a tiiussi thi _* . ow away your TRUSSES . _CAUTION .-DIL _WALVM DE ROOS . 1 , Ely-place , * K « jlboru-lull , London , w " _31 for \» ard ( free ) per return , on receipt of a _Post-oftwi Order , er Stamps , for ( is . Cd ., his certain , safe , _au . tl _* i ) Cimi * . enteuve forBnptures , the efficacy Of which _UllOW too well established to need comment . It is easy inanpycation , produces no inconvenience , and as the _s-xrot-of ftiis discovery has never been disclosed , all others-are spurious imitations only . Dr . de Roos has a vast _narnter of old Trusses , as trophies of his immense success , " loft Delrind by persons cured , which he will I almost- _^ _ve-awnyito tiiose who like to wear them . Hours— - ten ti * l « i * e -morning , and from four till eight evening . "It lias quite cured the person for whom you sent it , aadjouwill he so good as to send two for . other persons Stnow . " " — "Rev . II . _Walcott , Highland Ferrers . *** , _*« . _—Inqniry will prove tlie fact tliat no remedy is _emplt-yed at . any Hospital iu England , France , or elsewhere , his _-beiug-Jftfi only remedy known .
Ad00423
_PMTEAIT OF KOSSUTH , THE HIM ™ CHEFTAIH "Wehave succeeded iu procuring a life-likeness of the noble Kossuth . It is now in course of progress , and specimens , to whieh a fac simile of the autograph of the Chieftain will be attached , -will be in the possession of our Agents on the 18 th inst .
Co ≪Fforre0ijontom&
Co < _fforre 0 _iJontoM _&
J. Sweet Acknowledges The Receipt Of The...
J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums , sent herewith , viz .: —Fob Co . vpere . vci * Expenses , from "Mansfield , 4 s Co . "Fob _"Macs-amaha _' s _Ac-no . v , from JIansfield , 6 s 3 d- from Mr . Kirk , 4 d . _Foa Victim Fuxp , from Mr . Lees , Cd . Mr . EpiTOK . —Your implied suspicion of my unfitness to receive Subscriptions , ( and to many , might appear my integrity also , )—has somewhat pained me—and would induce me to decline receiving them , but that those who have already contributed refuse to receive their money hack , and insist that I shaU continue to do good if I can . Yonr objection , that you know not whether 1 am authorised to receive subscriptions , would stand good if there was a real organisation of the Chartist party hi this district , but unfortunately such is not the case , as the paucity of attendance at i'hilpott-street and Brunswick-hall will abundantly testify , and the constant difficulty ia getting men to attend meetings . Upon these grounds , at the request of Chartists who have known
me from boyhood , and the . convenient position of my shop , being midway between the two meeting places , i wrote , requesting you to answer the same . To me , personally , it matters little whether thc monies are paid back to Jlr . O'Connor , hut as a _conscientious Chartist I do not like the position of our party in relation to this matter . With every feeling of fraternity , I remain , Jons _Mathms , Butcher-row , Radcliff-cross , August Tth . —[ We thought ourselves justified in inserting the notice which we did last week , but if tlie Tower Hamlets men ari satisfied we caunot possibly have the slightest objection . Ed . N . S . ] W . _CiiiSD-a *; _- _* , Derby . —The _Reporter has not come to hand : we have therefore withheld the letter addressed to Mr . Heywood . _TiiEKiBKDi-LEPjusonERs . —Mr . E . C . Cropper acknowledges 9 s . 2 d . per James Cooper from Oldham , for the Kirkdale prisoners , namely Messrs . Cropper , ItanUin , West , Donovan , leach and White . W . _Pcibertox , Gateshead . —The Gateshead Obsereer has not come to hand .
G . _JJi-o-ra . _u al-efield . —We have no room . Notice . —The reply ofthe trustees of tlie " National Cooperative Benefit Society , " in answer to tlie statement put forth and signed Thomas Clark , Christopher Doyle . and Philip M'Grath , which appeared iu the Star of August 4 th , will appear next week . A _P-uent ) , London . —From Eiiston Square to AVatfoid , and from thence a walk of six miles . " d _^ bermkstee . — 'lis enough to state that Mr . Gishoraeis a Whist-Radical , much more _AVhiggish than _Hadieal : so "Whi _ggish tliat the Nottingham ltadicals gave him tlie dirty kick out For further particulars enquire of Jlr . Sweet , Goose-gate , Nottingham , or Mr . Barker , Smith's Temperance Coffee-house , Low-Pavement , in that town . 11 . II , Glasgow . —It is intended to reprint " Mo . 1 of the _democratic _ftetrieu ) .
The Northern Stab 3atuudat, August «1, 1s49.
THE NORTHERN STAB 3 ATUUDAT , AUGUST « 1 _, 1 S 49 .
How Criminals Are Manufactured. Empirici...
HOW CRIMINALS ARE MANUFACTURED . Empiricism is the distinguishing characteristic or the age . The famil y of the Subfaces liave obtained the upper hand of society , and quackery is thc order of the day . From the Prime Minister , downwards , the rule is to avoid anything in the shape of real substantial work ; if the turn can be served b y some easily _yamped-up stop-gap for the moment , that is all that is aimed at . " Sufficient for tbe day is the evil thereof , " and as for the accumulated and accumulating evils which necessarily result from such a course , why posterity must
meet tbem in tbe best way it can . It is a question , however , whether we are not the posterity who will have to pay in our own proper persons the penalty of this most shortsighted and deeply-injurious policy . The social evils of society increase with alarming rapidity . The honest working man finds it daily more difficult to procure employment , and when he does , it is at wages which barely provide the necessaries of life while he is at
work , and renders it impossible for him to provide for slackness or entire want of work . Whatever may be thc ultimate result—the immediate effect of each successive improvement in machinery is to throw a very large proportion ofthe men outof work who were formerl y engaged in producing the article to which the new machineis applied . The persons so driven from their previous occupation find thatthere is no new field of labour open for them . In every direction they discover that there are four or five
men competing for one job , and pulling down the wages uutil they will scarcely suffice to keep soul and body together . In these circumstances there are but two immediately available alternatives open to them—recourse to the relief provided b y the Poor Law or begging—and , by the usual gradations from that point * , thieving . Perhaps , indeed , we should be correctif we said that the firstis the preliminary step in the great majority of instances to that graduation in the mysteries of demoralisation and crime which the hopeless and helpless labourer has to undergo , aud which , in so many instances , ends in converting into enemies and a source of expense those who , if
wisely and humanel y treated , would have been the strength and life-blood of the body politic This process of deterioration and impoverishment accounts for the annually-increasing expenditure under the head of poor rates , and also the large amounts expended every year for police establishments , criminal . prosecutions , prisons , houses of correction , & c . They are evils not only of urgent necessit y , but also of increasing magnitude . "We are approaching with rapid strides to a state of things in which the maiuteuanceof what is called public security and order will almost amount to an impossibility ; while the national resources will be inadequate to the supply of the means whieh this useless effort will absorb . Some
efficient measures ought to be adopted for the prevention of those crimes and vices which we now vainl y attempt to suppress b y retaliating evils upon those who are guilty of them . Instead" of institutions for apprehending , sen tencing , and punishing those criminals who are , after au , but tho victims of the present system , establishments ought to be formed in ¦¦ rhich the children of the destitute , the vicious ,-aad the criminal may he educated to a _contrary course of life , and afterwards provided with thc means and inducements for continuing a life of honest industry .
Tho funds at present expended upon measures of public vengeance , by which the evil is only increased and multiplied , would , if applied by slow degrees to measures of public charity , preserve the rising- generation from growing up hi such deep misery , ignorance , and corruption as the present is involved in . Although such a coHi ' . se might require , in the first instance , a greater entlay , it would so amply repay itself in the end , that , ~ even on the ground of economy , such a course recommends . itself to adoption . It is a great delusion to think that society has the choice" whether or not it -will
How Criminals Are Manufactured. Empirici...
provide for all its members . Each individual that grows up in it must find a livelihood somehow or other ; if he he not put in tho way to earn it in a lawful manner , he will seek it by unlawfu l means ; if he be not taught to lead a sober Hfc , he will load a life " of dissipation—but still he will live ; if society refuse to take notice of him as an object of its care and protection , he will force it to notice him as an object of its self-defence and its vengeance . Would it not , therefore , be infinitely wiser , that society should bestow the requisite attention and expense willingly , at a time when it has it in its power to make them
available for the proper education of the individual thrown on its care to an honest and " sober life , and to a useful participation in the labours which the maintenance of society requires , rather than in the vain hope of evading the sacrifice , to leave the _individual ina condition in which he must inevitably become an enemy ? Would it not be wiser at an early p eriod to attach him to society by thc ties of gratitude , than to punish hiin , when it is too late , for an alienation which was but the natural consequence of the physical , mental , and moral destitution with which he was left to struggle unassisted ?
Such was ia effect the question really raised by Lord Ashley , when lately bringing the case of the 30 , 000 juvenile outcasts , who prowl about the streets of the metropolis , under the notice of Parliament . Anything more painful , or more deplorable , than the facts contained in that statement , it is impossible to imagine , and when it is remembered that it applies , mutatis mutandis , to the same class in every one of onr large towns , it reads like an indictment of deliberate soul murder against
the nation . Lord Ashley proved by statistical returns , that very few persons commit crime forthe first time after twenty years of age . Crime is first committed , iu the great mass of instances , just at that period of life when the mind is most open to the best influences and most favourably disposed for receiving the best impressions , and it is therefore evident , that the seeds of crime being sown in early life , if they were eradicated then , the parties would not grow up into adult criminals .
But let us take a few examples of the manner in which they actually grow up . A short time ago , Lord Ashle y being desirous of seeing some of these seed-plots of crime , and the places where these unfortunate creatures slept , visited them at night in company Avith some other persons who feel a similar humane interest on the subject . They found hundreds living under dry arches , under doorways , and in out-houses , but most of them under the arches of incomplete houses . These arches were quite inaccessible , being blocked up in front , with the exception of an aperture just
large enough to allow a person to creep in , and the only way of knowing whether there was any person inside or not , was by thrusting in a lantern , when five or six individuals Avere generally found inside . Ofthe persons so discovered he examined thirty-three , Avhose ages varied from tAvelve to eighteen years . Out of the thirty-three twenty-four had no parentssix had one parent each , and three had stepmothers . They were so begrimed Avith filth and covered with vermin , that it Avas difficult to go near them . Twenty of them had no shirts , and nine no shoes ; twelve had been once in prison—three , tAvice—three had been four times—four , eight times—and one , a
youth of fourteen years of age , had been twelve times in prigon . Most of them could not recollect of ever having slept in a bed durin g the last three years , and Avhen asked how theymanaged in winter during the cold weather , they replied , " We lie eight or ten together in these holes . " Thoy fairly confessed that they had no means of subsistence but begging or stealing , and thai the onl y mode by which they could turn a penny legitimatel y Avas , by picking up old bones and selling thein . Such is the incipient state of these pre-doomed criminals . Every avenue to honest industry is closed against them . Destitute of clothing —of education — character—and influence
there is not the remotest chauce of their ever obtaining a situation in which , by their own labour , they may support themselves . The curse of Ishmael of old is upon them . Their hand is against every man , and every man ' s hand is against them . Let us follow their melancholy career a little farther , and , with the same authority , take a peep into an adult thieves ' meeting . "Last year , " said his Lordship , " he received a paper signed by 150 of the most notorious thieves in London , asking him to meet them at a place in the
Minories , and to give them the best counsel he could , as to the mode in whicli they could extricate themselves from their _Avretched position . He went to their appointment , and found 250 instead of 150 assembled . They made no secret of their mode of life . They said , 'We are tired to death of the life we lead—Ave are beset by every misery—our lives are a burthen to us , for we never know from sunrise to' sunset whether we shall have a full meal , or any meal at all . Hoav can we escape from such a wretched life ? ' " Is there not
something profoundly touching in this cry from the castaway Avrecks of our modern civilisation ? It sounds like the accusing voice of old , ' Cain , where is thy brother Abel ? " and , as of old , the reply , "Am I my brother ' s keeper ?' ' will not excuse our neglect of ihe means by which these lost members of society might have been saved from ruin . What was Lord Ashley's repl y to the questions put to him—Avhat his counsel to these miserable mon ? Did he hold out hope of restoration to society , andthe chance of purification from the stains of vice and crime , by a life of
probationary industry ? Not at all . Society , which neglected them , and made a life of theft an inevitable necessity , cannot offer compensation for tho ruin it has caused , or open a door of escape to the victims it has made . Lord AsnLEY told them—and most truly—that at the present day competition was so great that no situation became vacant but there Avere at least three applicants for it ; and , more especially Avas the difficulty increased in their case , when men , whose characters "were tainted , came in competition with others on whose character there Avas no stain . To tliat tliey replied—taught by bitter experience" What you say is most true ; Ave have tried
to get honest employment , and we cannot ; our tainted character meets us everywhere . " Even when some of them are so fortunate as to secure places they are hunted out of them , and driven back upon their old miserable life . One young man gave his . Lordshi p a case in point . He had contrived to get a good situation , and , after some time , his employer was as Avell pleased A \ 'ith him as he was with his employer , Avhen a policeman came one day to his master , and asked him if lie Avas aAvare he was employing a convicted felon ? The master , on ascertaining such was the case , discharged him immediately ; and he was once more driven back to live by plunder .
The country is . indebted to the benevolent nobleman we have so frequentl y named for bringing such facts as these into notoriety . He himself shrinks from , proposing a remedy commensurate with the evils of which he depicts the gigantic outlines . But in the very nature of things and incited b y the instinct of self-preservation alone , the middle classes and the Government must ere long make an effort of an adequate and remedial character .
The heartless and flimsy ; arguments b y Avhich the Home Secretary excused the Government' for withdrawing even the paltry allowance for aiding the emigration of a few of these juvenile criminals which was made last year , was eminently characteristic ofthe quackery . of modem statesmanship . It is true , no doubt , that to take 100 or even 200 of these young outcasts away to a colony where' a _change of an honest life is opened out to them , ; does fa some extent seem like a premium t © their class
How Criminals Are Manufactured. Empirici...
Bo it so . But let it be remembered that the class does not create itself . It is the spawn of our system , and we have no right to punish thorn for the vicious operation of our own bid institutions . If it be further argued , that go small a number Avould make little or no perceptible reduction in the ranks of the army of juvenile criminals , then remove the whole of them under arrangements favourable to their reclam ation and their future mdustry . At 10 / a head that Avould cost only 300 , 000 / . for the whole of thc roaming outcasts _, in London , and AVhen rememb er that we spend
anwc _^ anu wnv _^ u . .. _v nually three times that sum in a useless blocka de of the African Coast , and in the vain _cndeaA'Our to suppress the Slave Trade , Avhich flourishes tho more the more money avg Avaste in this most Quixotic of enterprises- —it is clear that there would be ho difficulty in finding the means . Tho blockading squadron would be much more usefully employed as transport ships , and the money in converting these poor pariahs into good members of society . That sum would alloAv the Governthis unfortu
ment to extend its operations to - nate class in all our large towns , and by means of well-devised arrangements , combining education Avith labour , our colonies mig ht . be supp lied with a race of willing and efficient labourers—the founders of new nations—who if retained here will prove a pest in the bosom of society . Nor is this all . Aa they proceed from crime to crime in this country , the extent and expensiveness of our punishments will increase , and at last , after having cost some 2007 . or 300 ? , in this sort of way without effect , they
will have at last to be sent out as convicts steeped in crime , Avedded to vicious courses , and totally incapable of sustaining honest exertions , to these very colonies . _Never * was there a more insane or suicidal policy than this ! . It seems as if it vvas expressl y devised for the purpose of demoralising the community and increasing the social and fiscal grievances under Avhich the nation is now groaning . We
speak of . it in its lowest and most obvious aspects ! There are other and higher considerations which might be urged for the adoption of a more Christian course in this matter . But Ave must content ouraelves in the mean time with this cursory glance at one ofthe most pressing and important topics of the day , promising- _hoAvever , to return to it again and again in the spirit its importance demands .
Tee Ten Hours Act. We Observe Avith Plea...
TEE TEN HOURS ACT . We observe Avith pleasure that Richard Oastler , the undaunted champion of the Factory Child * , is prosecuting a vigorous agitation in the North against the infamous and illegal conduct of the Mill-owners , who persist in breaking the law . This is , perhaps—under the circumstances—the only course open tothe advocates of that measure . Public opinion , in the long run , rules all parties in this country , and , perhaps , Sir 6 . Grey , when he ascertains by this means the almost unanimous determination of Lancashire in favour ofthe laAv , will feel himself bound to insist upon its being obeyed .
At present the Russell Cabinet are afraid of alienating the powerful interest of the class _Avho have openly conspired to evade the laAv . That such a conspiracy exists there can be no doubt . The clauses regulating the hours for commencing and closing labour are not new . They were framed by themselves , and Avhen embodied in Sir J . Giiaiiam ' s TavgIvg Hours Act were correctly interpretated , and honestl y acted upon . In fact , the new lav only alters tho old by substituting ten for twelve hours work per diem .-
Against this alteration the Lancashire mill-OAvners made a desperate struggle , but despite their predictions of ruin to our manufacturing system , if it was carried , public opinion prevailed , and the Legislature at length set its seal to the labours of _beucA'olent men , who had for so many years advocated thc claims of the factory labourer . Wherever the law has been fairly tried , it has produced all the moral , financial , and domestic results that Avere predicted by thoso Avho supported it . Improved health and spirits on the part of the labourer , have enabled him to produce more in a shorter time than he did formerly , and thus effectually disposed of ono standing bugbear of the opponents of the bill—namely , that it would
diminish the production one-sixth . In the next place , the women employed in the factories having more time to devote to their domestic duties , find that the comfort of their homes is largely increased , and , at the same time , that the money goes further than it did under the old system . In spite of every attempt- that has ' ¦ boen made to seduce the factory workers into an expression of dislike to the laAv , or even in favour of an eleven hours compromise , so satisfied aro they Avith its practical Avorking , that they have declared , Ave may almost say unanimously , in its favour . The deduction of four from the hands employed in Bolton , for instance , can scarcely bo said to impair the unanimity of the operatives of that large and busy town .
O u the other hand , the milloAvners of Lancashire generally , reckoning , no doubt , Avithout their host , have , apparently , resolved to set the law at defiance ; they have organised a relay system , Avhich is directly in the teeth of the spirit and intent of the very Avords of the Act , and when the Government Inspectors have charged those guilty of this violation of the law ; the Magistrates—Arcades ambo — have dismissed the charges ! "A fellow feeling makes one wondrous kind " but the partof thc story which needs explanation most , is why the Home Secretary has not at once dismissed the Magistrates who havo thus tampered Avith justice , and prostituted the bench to subserve tlieir individual or class
interests ? There is the greater difficulty in replying to this question' satisfactorily on the part of the Government ,, because it has no doubt Avhat the law is , and what it meant it to be . The law officers of the Crown have decided in favour of the interpretation put upon it b y the Government Inspectors , and we believe that Sh * G . Grey and Lord J . Russell both concur as to what the laAv really is , and -that the milloAViiers are guilty of a shameful evasion and violation of its provisions . Wh y , then , do they not visit with instant condign punishment those judg es who refuse to enforce the
law ? Why , instead of this , do they connive at its infraction , - and even go the perilous length of advising a coriipromise with _thelaAVbreakers ? Why , alas ! the answer is not far to seek . Gold and political power in this country are omnipotent . If the offenders had been poor men , there would have been " short shrift" made with'them . Judges , magistrates , and lawyers _haA'o a Avonderfully keen insight into matter's when the accused is poor . ; but goldexercises ablinding effect upon their optics , which , ' it is to bo feared , in too many instances justifies the ad . _ago that , " There is one lawfor the rich , and another for the poor . "
We hope , however , that the spirited movement now taking place in the manufacturing districts , will countervail this tendency on the part both of tlie Magistrates and the Government .. It is to be regretted that the law did not embody . an appeal from the decisions of the Magistrates to the Courtof Queen ' s Bench , and though we would rather see the Act enforced as it is , without any further appeal to the Legislature upon the subject , yet wc
suggest that if such an appeal he requisite , the friends ¦ of the factory operatives will take care that such a . provision is introduced , ' and thereby take the poAver of abusing tho " law out of the handsof men who are surrounded by too many direct . and _poivei'ful . incentives to waver in the impartial discharge of their duties . In . the meantime , success to the gallant " Old Kino *" and his brave Confederates , who are now advocating the cause of justice and humanity !
The Royal Visit To Ireland. After The La...
THE ROYAL VISIT TO IRELAND . After the lapse of . twenty-eight , _yeara the Sovereign-of the United Kingdom has paid a visit to Ireland . According to the newspaper accounts Her Majesty has been received Avith the most uproarious , unanimous , and enthusiastic loyalty . This we can believe , but it somewhat detracts from the value or sucn a reception , when Ave remember that Geor ge IV . Avas , in like manner overwhelmed with the loyal manifestations of his admiring subjects .
It was , however , a bold stroke of the Whigs to gild over the failure of their Irish policy , by a royal visit . It is in human nature to prize those things most highly of Avhich it _ is deprived , or which it enjoys most rarely . The Irish People are traditionally loyal . The feeling of clanship— of love for the " ould Chiefs , " and the " ould families , " forms the basis ofa character in which the sentiment of loyalty is likely to take root , and flourish in its most exuberant style .
If the personal visit of the ruler of this great empire should impress on the heart and mind of Her Majesty more strongly the necessity for commencing a new , vigorous , and practical policy in that country , it will be the most useful of any she has yet paid to any part of her dominions . Now that the false shallow agitations which stood between the people and a clear perception of their wants and interests , have died a natural death—noAv that the
empty declaimers and mercenary spouters of Conciliation Hall are scattered to the windstho landlords to a great extent , humbled , and the full measure of Ireland ' s Avoes been taken —we may venture to indulge in the hope that ere long the foundation of a new order of things aviII be laid by some party—which' will have the effect of developing the vast and varied resources ofa country upon whicli Heaven has shoAvered its choicest natural
blessings . In connexion Avith this subject Ave mentioned last Aveek a discovery by Mr . Owe" ** " * of the value of peat-bog , and the various articles of value which could bo produced from it by a process of destructive distillation . The authority on Avhich Ave relied was so high and unexceptional , that Ave considered ourselves warranted in implicitly accepting thc statements made by them in Parliament , on the faith of actual experiment and practice . Since that time , however , Ave find
the accuracy of these statements have been impugned by several writers * . . in the Times , and by a leading article inthe Morning Chronicle . It is admitted , that peat bog 'will produce all the articles enumerated , but itis denied that they will produce them in such abundance , or at the cost set doAvn . We have at present no moans of deciding between these contradictory statements , hut Ave understand that it is the intention of the patentee and discoverer , shortly , to form a public Company , for the purpose of prosecuting his discovery upon a large scale , and Ave shall then probably be in a position to judge more satisfactorily of its capabilities as a practical measure for the introduction of capital , nnd thc extensive employment of labour in Ireland .
Aggregate Meeting Of The Par Liamentary ...
AGGREGATE MEETING OF THE PAR LIAMENTARY REFORMERS . We understand that the first aggregate public meeting of the members and friends of the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association , will be held on Monday evening next , August 13 th , at Drury-lane Theatre . A very numerous assembly is anticipated . Sir J . Walmsley , M . P ., will take tlie chair at seven o clock . The speakers will , avc believe , include F . O'Connor , F . sq ., M . P . ; G . Thompson , Esq ., M . P . ; J . Hume , Esq ., M . P ; B . Osborne , Esq ., M . P ; and several other Members of Parliament . Tickets of admission are to be obtained at thc office of the Association , No . 11 , Poultry .
To The Members Op The National Lakd Comp...
TO THE MEMBERS OP THE NATIONAL LAKD COMPANY . In consequence of the imperative necessity of thc Directors attending . the Conference at Snig's End , no List of Monies will bo published in this day ' s Star . Samuel _BooNiiAsf , For the Directors .
Executive Fund. Received By S. Ki'dd.—Ki...
EXECUTIVE FUND . Received by S . Ki'dd . —Kipponden , 7 s . ; Rochdale , 10 s . Iluceived at _Lasd Office . —Bermondsey Chartist Locality , 5 s . FOR COST OF MACNAMARA ' S ACTION . Received by AV . Rideii . —T . Kirr , Asbby-de-la-Zoucli , Cd . j Dewsbury , per E . Newsome , 12 s . fid . ; Mansfield , per J . Sweet , Nottingham , 0 s . 5 d . ; Mr . Kirk , per J . Sweet , Nottingham , 4 d . Received at Land Office . —Cheltenham , 3 s . id . ' , Bermondsey _Gliavtht Locality , as . VICTIM FUND . Received at Laud Office . —Cheltenham , fls . id . ; Bermondsey , as . ; South London Hall , per Collins , 4 s . lOd . j Golden-laue Locality , 2 s . lid . ; proceeds of a Hall and Concert , Twig * t * olly _, per J . Allen , 10 s . ; IWcr Hamlets Locality , 4 s . yd . FOR W . CUFFAY . Received b y J . Grassby . —Stab-bridge , per J , Dalby _, ls . 4 d . ; Allottees ;\ t CJinrterville , 8 s . ; Mr . Cuttcrnll , is . ; W . Small , 4 d . - Henry Wilks _,. as ; George Vilks , is . ; James Barren , Ashford , Kent , ' Cd .
CUFFAY AND OTHERSReceived by J . Giiassby . —Rising Sun , per Mr . Scatten _, Cs . ; Penzance , per J . Lewis , 10 s . ; "W . lHdev , as per Star , £ 2 Os . yd . ; George Willis , 2 s . ,- Henry Wilks . ls .,- railsworth , per James Taylor , 5 s . Sd . — -Received by W . Rider . —Mr . "Wadlcton , * Birmingham , per W . II . Rudhall , 2 s . Received at Land Office . —Mr . Pcarcey , 2 s . ( id . FOR WIVES ANO FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . "" Received by W . Rider , —A Friend to Liberty , Murton Colliery , Cd . ; Nottingham , per J . Sweet , Cd . ; Mr . Lewis , Crown-street , Soho , 2 s . 3 d . FOR KIRKDALE PRISONERS . Received bv S . Kvdd . _—IX-dton , Three Friends , Is . ; lIo % well , Brook , * 10 s . Cd . FOR THE HUNGARIANS . Received at _I _^ and Office , —Benjamin Ritchcs , Is , ; a few Tailors , River Head , per J . _Tearson , 2 s . M ' DOUALL ' S CASE—FOR WRIT OF ERROR , ( OR OTHERWISE ) . Received by W . Rideii . —A . Simpson , Dundee , 5 s . 5 J . FOR MRS . JONES . Received by "W . RiDEn . —A . Simpson , Dundee , 2 s .
To Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P. Dear And...
TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Dear and Honoured Sin , —We have heard with much pain , that you aro about to retire from public lifo on account of thc ingratitude of _aome oi tho members of the body to which we belong . * Wc assure you , that we feel much interested in the continuance of your labours in behalf , of thc people ; we think that it will be a great pity for you to give up your labours at the present timo , when the cause ; of Chartism is rapidly reviving and the triumph of our principles in a short timo is almosl certain . We * therefore , do entreat you to remain
at your post , so that you may have the honour of being a conqueror over the enemies who liave impeded our progress ; and we . also think that our cause would bc very much retarded by your retirement . "We therefore gratefully thank you for your past services in behalf of our order , and we beseech you to continue your exertions , so that the Charter may be speedily obtained , and that you , sir , may have the consolation of not having toiled in vain , but live to see tho principles which ( to use your own words ) have absorbed vour life ' s devotion become tho law of tho land . ¦ Froni the Chartist Association , Berry Edge . G . SioBAiir _, Secretary .
To Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P. Worthy A...
TO FEARGUS O ' CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Worthy a * nd Dear Sir , —Great captain of our political and social regeneration : Wo have hoard , with extreme regret , that you are about to retire from the post you have long filled with so much credit and honour to yourself , and advantage to us . Your incessant' labour — your discreet management—jour self-devotion—your disinterested ivwl liberal conduct manifested in our behalf , have not passed by us without sincere feelings of . gratitude and love * . It is too tvue wc liave shown much
apathy towards you and your noble exertions , but that has been from want of ability to express and not from want of hearts to feel . It is , also , too true , when some of your degenerate children have acted with base ingratitude , wc have stood by silent and apparently unconcerned , leaving them entirely to your fatherly chastisement , when we should have strongly expressed our reprobation and disgust at such base conduct . 13 ut you , Siro , who ave so -well acquainted _Aviththe faults and failings of human naturei we hope , will make every allowance . for such neglect , and not abandon ft whole confiding
To Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P. Worthy A...
family to gloom and despair , for the black and viper-like conduct of some of its members . So we cannot for a moment believe , that having so far succeeded in your benevolent undertaking , you will now abandon it , but will , as you have often declared , in spite of all opposition , bring it to maturity . To hope for one to fill your place is preposterous " ; if sufficient in every other _( jualificatiou , he would lack our confidence , which you possess to the fullest degree . We trust that the delegates , in Conference , may adopt such measures as will restore the Land project to health and vigour , by driving from among us all the hornets and drones , with those whose hateful selfishness can never be ' satisfied , and , consequently , will be always grumbling and that which would . .. , « . _"*!« _A _»« ««/! rlnnnniu !• -... J . 1 . _ lit t
making- otherwise be harmony and peace , nothing but discord and confusion , leading to destruction . In conclusion , let us entreat you to go on , and may He wko 1 ms given you suck an iron arm and such mental aiid physical vigour , still support you in your herculean and righteous undertaking , to see the object of your utmost wishes accomplished--that of beholding happy groups _basking in tho sun * shine of every comfort , " under tlieir own vine and figtree , none daring to make them afraid . " We remain , dear father , captain , and benefactor , Your grateful children , and faithful soldiers . On behalf of the Dorking branch of the Nation Land Association . William Rooms , Secretary . Dorking , _August 1 st .
Rational Llano Company
_Rational llano _Company
Gosport.—At A Meeting Of Members On Mond...
Gosport . —At a meeting of members on Monday July 30 th . the following resolutions were passed unanimously . —'' That this branch has the greatest confidence in Mr . O'Connor and his brother Directors . " "That the Company have nothing to do widi the government nor the Jaw , and that the affairs of the Company be carried on under the name of the Chartist Co-operative Land Company , as formerly . " '• That the ballot be re-established , knowing that it would sive general satisfaction to a large majority of
the members , as it would stimulate them to exertion , and increase the weekly payments . '' "That each member pay the sum of 6 d . per week until all the members are located , and those not _complying to be exo _' uded from the ballot . The weekly pa ) ments of tlie paid-up members shall be placed to their account in the Redemption Fund . " "That each branch undertake to pay off , hy instilments , all dissatisfied members belonging to their own branchthat is , those not complying with the rules that may pass at Conference . "
TO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHER !* STAR . Sir , —The resolutions which appeared in thc Star , passed at a late meeting of this branch , and which I can assure you never would have passed had there been a good meeting , had the effect of causing a large meeting of members on thc 3 rd inst ., a report- of which meeting I was instructed to send to the Star ofiice for insertion . I trust , therefore , that you will have the goodness to insert in thc first publication of the Star the _following . 1 Yours & c ,
Aberdeen . R . Robertson . Aberdeen . —The monthly meeting of this branch of the National Land Company took piaco ' upon the evening of the 3 rd inst ., at Mrs . Bain s , 03 , Castlc-strcet . After the usual business was transacted , Mr . John Thomson was unanimously voted to the chair , who requested the secretary to read the minutes of thc last meeting . A most enthusiastic debate took place between tho movers and seconders of the resolutions passed at the last meeting , and some of tbe parties present . Some ofthe best and ablest reasoning , both pro and con , as to the practicability and impracticability of thc Company , was brought forward , and gave great information to tho meeting , whieh was the largest we have had hero this last twelve months . All the resolutions wore discussed , one by one , thc opposcrs holding that they were not the resolutions of this branch , there being but a thinly attended quarterly meeting ,
tho supporters showing plainly that every moans'in their power had been employed to effect a meeting without having recourse to physical force , and that thoy had themselves to blame for the resolutions , by not attending . Ifc was finally agreed upon— " That this not being a general meeting , no resolutions be moved , but that we adjourn until thc evening oi Monday , the 27 th inst ,, being the last Monday of this month ; and that there . be a general meeting called by bill for that evening at eight o ' clock j-. it Mrs . Bain's , 03 , Castle-street , to read and _commenc upon the proceedings of the Conference , when motions made and carried at said meeting would undoubtedly be the real resolutions of this branch . A vote of thanks being conferred upon the chairman and duly responded to , thc meeting broke up at a late hour and parted all good friends , only naturally indignant that we haU to obey and support a system of government that opposed every scheme calculated to benefit the condition of thc working classes .
A Visit To 0"Connorville. On Monday Last...
A VISIT TO 0 _"CONNORVILLE . On Monday last a numerous party of friends from the Tower-Hamlets visited this estate and with others from Chesham _. Chalfont _. Dibdin Hill , & c _., the assemblage presented a gay and animated appearance , Tea was provided in the _School-room . to which a goodly company sat down , and those who could not be _accommodaled therein were amply supplied by the allottees . The view of the estate from the front of the School-house was most encouraging , and highly 5 alisfactory . The beautiful and abundant crops , of wheat " already ripe unto the harvest" and the fine and healthy appearance ot ? the potaloe 5 were much
applauded . Ceriainly here and there a few pieces of barley ( through the drought ) were not in that prospesous condition tvhich could be desired , yet 0 Q the whole the land under cultivation rt fleets great credit on the allottees generally and bespeaks a vast amouutof energy , perseverance , andindustry on their part . The visitors , on the contrary , expressed their opinions in rather severe terms on the state in which the land belonging tothe School-house is situated ( nearly the whole being overrun with weeds ) , and also expressed their deep regret that instead of being a " Model , " it was a disgrace to those whose duty it was to cultivate it . After enjoying iheinselves for some hours , the company left this delightful _apot , highly _adenirin-r (* ith the exception above stated ) what they had seen .
Anjatttet %\\Tt\\I$Mtt.
_anjatttet _% \\ tt \\ i $ _mtt .
Biudfoud. —At A Meeting Of Members Held ...
_Biudfoud . —At a meeting of members held in the Democratic School Room , Croft-street , on Sunday , August 6 tli , the following persons , were duly elected to servo as _councilmen : James Courman , John Sager , Samuel Wood , Jeremiah De worst , George Croft , James Croft , John Parrot , president ; John _Novminton _,-sub-treasurer ; Richard Gee , treasurer ; Edward Smith , financial secretary ; Thomas Wilcock , corresponding secretary . Auditors , Henry Wandel , -Robert Pickles . All correspondence for the Chartists of Bradford must bo addressed to Thomas Wilcock , care of _ Thomas Umpelby ,
news agent , Manchester-road , Bradford . _Ckhti-egat _]* . —At the usual weekly meeting , it was announced that this locality had joined the Tower Hamlets for the purpose of _hoMina * a public meeting on behalf of the Hungarians , on Wednesday evening next-, at the Butler ' s Arms , Commercial Road . It was also stated , that the excursion to Richmond would take place on Monday next , the 13 th inst . Mr . " Brown announced that Sir J . Walmsley had offered £ J 2 to the exiled Chartists , for the purchase of tools , Ac . Mr . llrown was desired to-request the Victim Committee to insert the balance sheet for the last quarter iu the Northern Star . ¦¦ ¦ ¦ .. ¦ : -: ¦ •¦¦
Thu Franklin Expedition. — Every One Wil...
Thu Franklin Expedition . — Every one will bo concerned to hoar that a despatch has arrived at the Admiralty from Sir John Bichardson , without any news of Sir John , Franklin . The expedition had traversed the coast from the Mackenzie and Ooppermmo river ; but-the . Esquimaux all declared that no white men had made tlieir appearance -Unfortunately the ice set . in unusuallv strong , aiid prevented the expedition from proceeding beyond ' lev Cove , to the north , of Cape Kendal , just as it w ? s on the point of exploring a most interestin- * - re _^ ioD lhus , lor the present , all hope is cut off of _discovering _tilft lost YOyftgim Our only consolation is in the ito ien
gan'scce , for the search for Capt . Franklin has brought to li ght _maiiy interesting facts respecting tiie inhospitable regions of Arctic America , Moke Gold _^ Regions . - —The Jeffersonian Monitor , of Texas , asserts that gold exists in the Wachita Mountains to an equal extent to that in California ; and the Arkansas _localjournal states that gold has been _discovered in that-rivcr ..,, . . . ¦ .... We often * hoar of thc enlightenment of the middle classes . Is it a proof thereof : that ; last Friday ' s Gazette , announced the dissolution of partnership of the _Norwood Green Corn and Flour Society ( having mills near ; Halifax , & _e ., ) i and that while fifteen members subscribed their , names , twelve subscribed their marks ?
Advaxck of _Waoes at Leicester _.--We are happy to find that most of the leading manufacturers have _nfn e n glVe * £ . _» dvance of threepence - -per dozen upon a 1 wrought hose sham knits f . the advance to _k l _* _tZwi ' ? _^ ? _SatuWay- August i .. Ills expected that this advance will be shortly conceded by all . _-Zctcesters / _uVe Chronicle . n p _^ T ' S ; SwaiD _** engineer of the Mhiopia _atesimev , caught _« young shark while amusing himself with fishing in the Nelson Dock . It measures about fourteen inches in length , and _ifi considered a great curiosity , as fish of this species are rarely- caught in England . _—Liveivool Courier ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 11, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_11081849/page/4/
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