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ON THE FIRST OF JULY, 1817,
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WEST-RIULNG OF YORKSHIRE. MIDSUMMER SESS...
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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, JUSE 12, 1847.
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GLORIOUS TRIUMPH OF CHARTISM. THE OLD GE...
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RICH AND POOR. Do our readers want to kn...
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PORTUGAL COERCED AND ENGLAND DEGRADED. A...
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The report referred to above is confirme...
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. The protracted deb...
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The attempt of the Framework Knitters of...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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On The First Of July, 1817,
ON THE FIRST OF JULY , 1817 ,
Ad00410
_WiTlbeFiiblisaed , NO . I . ( PBICE SIXPENCE , ) THE PEOPLE'S " LEGAL ADVISER . The object of this monthly publication , is perhaps suffi . iently indicated by its title ; it may be well , however , to add a feav words in explanation . That there are many subjects of an exclusively le _^ al character , and bearing peculiarly on the interests of the workins classes—on them more thau on the other classes of society—is a truth that hardly requires its assertion ; and it avould , of course , be desirable that all these should be brought together in a form , cheap , compendious , and intelligible , for the benefit of those to whom they chiefly relate .
Ad00411
TO TAILOPa , 5 . B . Head ' s Xew Patent Indicator for landing proportion and disproportion in all systems of cutting . Caveats granted . April 52 nd , 1 S 57 , " signed by Messrs Pool and CapmeaL Patent OBce , 4 , Old Square , Lincoln's Inn . Declaration of same , signed by Sir G . Carroll , Kut , Lord Uavor of London . THE _LOKDON AND PARIS SPKISG AND SUMMER FASHIONS for 1817 , are noav ready , by _HENJAMIN READ and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Bloomshury square , _Loatlon ; and hy O . Serger , _UolyivdJ-street , Strand . May be had of all booksellers wheresoever residing . By approbation of her Majesty Queen Victoria
Ad00412
GRATIS ! GRATIS ! GRATIS ! EVERY PERSOS who shall subscribe fer THE DIS . PATCH during the month of June next , will he pre sentedwithaFinelv Engraved PORTRAIT OF ELIZA COOK . " The poems of Miss Coos are national property . There is hardly a homestead in the land where her name aBd her contributions to the'Dispatch' are not familiar as household words Apart from the powerful and brilliant talent with avhich the "Dispatch" is conducted , this handsome and _accsptable present to its fifty or sixty thousand readers , cannot fail to be appreciated . "— Licerpoot Chronicle , May S , 1 S » T . The likeutss of this Poetic Genius , by _TrantschWi ] , is most stritong , and the Engraving is by Adlakd , iu the £ rst style ofthe art
Ad00413
Kow Ready , a New Edition of i Mil . _O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS Tobchadr . tthe . V- ; _rJieni Star Office , 1 C , Great Wind mill Street ; and of Abel Hevwood , Manchester .
Ad00414
BALDNESS EFFECTUALLY REMOVED . ASU HGEON residing in Cork having , iu the course of his Practice , had his attention particularly directed to , and acquired great experience in the TREATMENT OF CAPILLARY DISEASES , begs to inform those persons afilictcd arith BALDXESS { whether in _youtii or advanced iu'lile ) may , by a most simple proeess , _HEl'UODUCE that neccssary _. ornameut . Parties _ap'dyin-r will re . qnireto enclose a small quantity of hair , aud a feu of lire shillings , by post-ofiice order , in _fiirotir of Surgeon Edward' Williams , 13 , Henry-street , Cork ; _av'ie _.-i the nctes » anii : _stnictions avill be _£ ••• warded by return ofpjst
West-Riulng Of Yorkshire. Midsummer Sess...
_WEST-RIULNG OF YORKSHIRE . MIDSUMMER SESSIONS . NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVE . V , That the MIDSUMMER GEXElUL QUAUTER SESSIONS of tlie Peace for the Went _Hiding of the County of Yori trill be opened at _SKIPTO . V _, ou TUESDAY , the 28 tli day of . 1 u » e instant , at Ten ofthe Clock iu the _Ft-reoooii ; and by Adjournment from thence will be holden at _BltADl'Oill ) , on _WEDNESDAY , tbe _SUtli day of the same month of June , at Ten of tlie Cock in the Forenoon ; aud also , by _furthtr Adjournment from thence , avill be holden at _ItOTHEUHAJI , oa MONDAY , _tae 5 th day of July , at Ten of _Uws Clock in the Forenoon , when all Jurors . Suitors , l _' trsons hound bv Recognizance , and uthershavini _* ' _business attiic aaid several Sessions , are required to attend Uie Court on the several days , and at the several hours above meutioned ..
. . .. . , _^ . „ , _ SoUcitors are required to take notice , that all < - peals must he entered before the sitting of the Court , _oiatheiirst day of the Sessions at each of the _above-menfaoiieJ _pteces ; and _tot the list of such Appeals avill Ik- called by the Clerk of thel _' eace at tbe expiration of jia-f au Iwur & m the opening ofthe Court ; and that all ****** % which _Counsel -5 _* e not then instructed , so as to b i r _^ ub to _jroceed immediately ( if called upon so to do ) , aaill be _^ _sSdtor _. are also required to take _ff _^ ' _f . _^ Order « -f _Removal , Copies ofthe Notice . of APP , ' - _*' d e a „ . « _, _a-i . m « . f _thpPamW . are required te be hied _aa-itiithu
Clerk ofthe Peace on the entry ofthe Appeal .-And mat no Appeals against Removal Orders can be heard unless the Ciiainuau is alsoturuisbed by the _Appellant with a cony of the Order of Removal , ofthe notice of Uiai g ~ - ability . oftiie examination ofthe Pauper , aud _oftlieAo-^ 2 _^ Bffl » HEREBY GIVEN , That at the General Quarter Sessions of the Peace to he holden _atSEirxoN aforesaid _, an Assessment for the necesssry expenses of the said Ridin _? for the half-year , commencing _& em day of October next , will be laid at the hour of Twelve o 'clock at » oon c . ji i EKM ! r .
Clerk of the Peace . Clerk of the Peace's Office . Wakefield , 4 th of June , 1 S 47 .
Ad00415
NO . VI . OF " THE LABOURER , " Just Published , enriched with an elegant Portrait engraved on Steel , of T . S . BUNCOMBE , ESQ ., _M-P . CONTENTS . 1 . T . S . Duneombe , Esq ., M . P . 2 . War , Love and Liberty , by Ernest Jones . 3 . The Insurrections ofthe Working Classes . 4 . The Confessions of a King . 5 . Letter to Sir R . Peel . 6 . The Romance of a People . 7 . The Phase of Political Parties . 8 . The JoUy Young Poacher . 9 . The Land . 10 . The Monthly Etview . 11 . Literary Review . 12 . Correspondence , etc . 13 . Preface , & c . to Vol . I . Volume the Fibst _, neatly bound in cloth and lettered , ' Pr ' ce 3 s . 6 d . !
Ad00416
[ KO . III . of " THE LABOURER , " I Containing , amongst other matters , a Reprint of Mr F . j O'Connor's Letter , in the "Northern Star" of January ; 30 th , demonstrating the certainty with which an allottee may support himself and family , and accumulate money , on a "Two Acre" allotment . The very general demand that was made for the paper containing the above letter induced the Editors tc ¦ reprint it , after cartful revision , in the March Number of the "Labourer . " NO . IV . of "THE LABOURER , " Containing an elaborate Treatise on the NATIONAL LAND AND LABOUR BANK , IS ITS _KKLVIKMI with THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . Are noav reprinted , and may be had on applications . Letters ( pre-paid ) to be addressed to the Editors , 16 Great Windmill Street , _n-iymarkct , London . Orders received by aU agents for the " Northern Star , " and all booksellers in town and country .
Ad00417
Just published , price 6 d . (" printed from the Short-hand Writer ' s Notes _. l mHE TRIAL OF THE MECHANICS AT LIVERPOOL - _** - on the 2 nd and 3 rd of _Api-il _, 1847 . Edited by W P . Bobeets , Ef q . London : _ia ' _ortfici-n Star Office , 16 , Great Windmill Street , Haymarket : and at the offices of Mr Roberts , 2 , Robert-street , Adelphi , London : and 3 , Essex Chambers , Manchester : and Abel Heywood , _Oldham-street , Manchester : and all Booksellers .
Ad00418
A COLOURED DAGUERREOTYPE PORTRAIT in best morocco case for 10 s ., which is 15 s . less than any other London establishment , and warranted to b « equally good , by MR EGERTON . M 8 , Fleet-street , opposite Bouverie-street , and 1 , Temple-street . Whitefriars . Open daily from nine till four . Foreign Apparatus Agent to Voigtlander and Liriboure , a complete liookof Instruction , price as . 6 d ., by post 10 s Pri e B * ts sentpostfree .
Ad00419
EXCURSION to GREENFORD GREEN and NORTH HOLTE , by Water , EVERY _SUNDAY during the Summer Season , by the " UNION" Boat The Committee for cai rying out the above Excursion beg leave to inform their friends and the public they have entered into au _engagement avith the Proprietor of the Boat to run every Sunday daring the Summer Season , to Grcenford Green and back , tbe proceeds will bo towards a Fund for _tak-ina Hall . —Fare , there and back . 6 d each . Boats to start at Eight for Nine _o'Clock precisely , from tbe Wey Bridge , Paddington _,
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O'CONNORVILLE . TO BE SOLD , a Four Acre Farm , at O'Connorville , All letters must be addressed ( pre-paid ) to _Davii WiTsosj _. No . 3 . O'Connorville , near Rickmansavorth , Hertfordshire .
Ad00421
THE TAILORS' TRADING COSIPANV . A NUMBER OF JOURNEYMEN TAILORS ( Members of the National Association of United Traies _) having formed a Company to release themselves from the baneful influence of unprincipled < ompetitorB respectfully inform the operative classes , generally , that tliey have opened an establishment at No . 7 . VICTORIA-STREET , MANCHESTER , avhere they cau be supplied with every article of clothing as cheap and better made than at any of the ( so-called ) chesp establishments . WORKING- MEN , SUPPORT YOUR OWN ORDER in tliisattempt to demonstrate the benefits of ASSOCIATIVE LABOUR .
Ad00422
O'CONNORVILLE PLATES . We ave now in a position to supply all orders for coloured and mounted plates of the O'Connorville estate . They may he had through any agent for the sale of the Star . Subscribers who have not yet received the plain p laie should forthwith make application to the agent h y whom the paper is supplied .
Ad00423
MORE CHARTISM ! _PURCHASE OF 270 ACHES OF P'IME LAND . Willim two-and-a-half miles of Lowbands , aud six-and-a-half of Gloucester . On Saturday last Mr O'Connor effected the purchase of ihe Snig ' s End and Moate Farms , in the most beautiful parts of Worcestershire and Gloucestershire .
The Northern Star Saturday, Juse 12, 1847.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , JUSE 12 , 1847 .
Glorious Triumph Of Chartism. The Old Ge...
GLORIOUS TRIUMPH OF CHARTISM . THE OLD GENERAL IN THE FIELD AGAIN . In smother part of our paper , we record one of the most glorious triumphs that Chartism has held in the metropolis for many years—indeed , we d o n ot recollect such a noble vindication of its principles since the great meeting at the Crown and Anchor ten years ago , in honour of the Scottish martyrs , when the cold homage to be giveu in marble was changed into a warmer tribute , that of instilling the pure principles of freedom into living hearts . Many and insidious are the attacks Chartism has sustained
from its secret enemies—it has outlived them . Various and powerful are the assaults it has received from its open foes—it has conquered them . But there is one thing under which it would sicken and die ; thai is , were the _people ever to swerve from its pure principles , and commit themselves again blindfold to the absurdities of their oppressors . We have always held it to be both wise and consistent , to resist oppression wherever and whenever it met us on our path . We are glad to clear away every obstacle from before the Charter ; bnt , in so doing , ave must not commit or compromise its glorious principles . We are willing to support aritations against the Poor
Law , the Slate Church monopoly , or any other evil and oppressive measure ; but , because we struggle for the removal of a grievance , let no one imagine we shall be satisfied with the termination of one individual wrong , out of so many evils . Far from it . If we attack oppression in detail , we will replace it by nothing but the CHARTER ; and , whenever for a bad law one i 3 to be substituted hostile to the spirit of Chartism , it behoves every Chartist to be under arms immediately , and vindicate a cause for which we have struggled so long , and which is daily gathering fresh strength in the hearts of the people , and the progress of the times .
The resolution that was submitted to the meeting at ihe Crown and Anchor had nothing of Chartism in it . It inveighed against the present Poor Law—it substituted one as bad—nay 1 worse—for it encouraged a slavish spirit of voluntary servility . Now a man is driven to the union , and there treated like a prisoner and a culprit . Under the law proposed by that resolution , he would be equally driven to the bastile ; but further schooled in a long training of servility ; in his old age—when it was time to res *—he might crawl forth and cringe again for work . Now he has his niggard dole given out to him with official insolence—then he would bave the blessed privilege of humbly begging for his miserable indulgences .
Was this Chartism ? Was this liberty ? Was this manly independence ? We confess that we attended that meeting with feelings of indignation and confidence . Of indignation , tha . t any should _suppose d
Glorious Triumph Of Chartism. The Old Ge...
measure so base and paltry could-satisfy the people ; of confidence , that the men of London would spurn it as it deserved , and vindicate their character as CHARTISTS in the eyes of the country . But our feelings were changed to pleasurable exultation when we saw that the OLD GENERAL was at his post ; he had come in the hour of danger to face the enemy ; he had seen through the sly attack contained in that resolution , and he was determined to vindicate the character of the CHARTER .
The Hall was densely crowded—and , indeed , many were the _middle-class men who pervaded the meeting , and no doubt the miserable Wlriglings exulted when they heard the obnoxious resolutiou read . The Chartist portion of the audience seemed surprised , and a working man , from the body of the meeting cried , "Move an amendment . " He had not long to wait , for as soon as the resolution had been seconded , Mr O'Connor ( who had not heard of the intended meeting till that same morr _. ing , and immediately hastened to town from the PEOPLE'S ESTATES in Worcestershire ) , rose to oppose it . We expected much from him on such an occasionwhen the principles for which he had suffered aud struggled were being mutilated in his presence , and no doubt his unexpected advent had surprised
the meeting . But our expectations were surpassed , We never witnessed passion so real , or violence so eloquent . Mr O'Connor ' s delivery is always fluent , but now it was unusually rapid ; he appeared to electrify the Chartist portion of the meeting with the spark that fired his own thought , and to paralyse the temporisers by the thunder of his denunciation . We have seldom heard reasoniug more convincing , eloquence more startling , or invective itore withering . The forest of hands held up for the amendment , the thunder of applause that hailed his address , and tbe " three cheers , and one m o re " for THE CHARTER , must have struck terror into his opponents , as it has done honour to the men of London , who have proved that " Chartism is not dead " in the metropolis . No ! and it shall never die while oppression lives !
We trust the spirit that has been awakened at this meeting will find a ready response throughout the country . There is a crisis in politics _; there must he a CRISIS in CHARTISM as well . We must have no more temporising now ; no more playing with names and words ! The Chartist body must prepare to do their duty like men . No more voting for a WHIG enemy , to keep out a TORY enemy ; or for a TORY , to keep out a WHIG . No more CHOOSING BETWEEN TWO evils , hut a STRUGGLING FOR THE GOOD . No more
heeding those who say , if we vote for neither Whig or Tory at the coming Elections we shall lose our power and influence in the constituencies . We say to these men , VOTE FOR A CHARTIST I Put forward CHARTIST CANDIDATES ; and even in those Boroughs where you are weakest—even where yon have only a few votes—you will show that you are up to the mark—and gain more influence and respect by holding a bold front than by throwing
yourselves in as a make-weight amid the balance of factions . A few determined men are always more formidable than an army of temporisers . Thus even the weakest will feel their feet in the sea ol politics—thus they will gain strength and confidence for a renewed struggle—thus their numbers will increase , ( for the wavering always follow the boldest , ) and thus they will be enabled to' conquer , bv daring to be in earnest .
But we know of many Boroughs that have sufficient strength to return Chartist candidates at the coming Election . Let them not flinch . ONWARD he the word . To these , as to all , wc say , there is but one straightforward course to pursue . You have raised the cry of * THE CHARTER AND NO SURRENDER ! ' Be true to it , and as it is now your battle-cry , so it will ere long become your shout of victory !
Rich And Poor. Do Our Readers Want To Kn...
RICH AND POOR . Do our readers want to know , why the Irish are starving ? Do tliey want to know why 10 , 000 men women , and children , starved to death , have , within this year , been cast into " one cemetery , " wiih the dogs devouring their half-covered bodies , and pestilence exhaling from their open giavc ? Do they want to know why death stalks over the sister country , devastating , in its progress , till Ireland must no longer be called ** the Emerald Isle" and the " gem of the sea-, " no , nor even the " sea-bound dungeon , _* " but the vast CEMETERY ' OF A MURDERED RACE ? Let them read the following , and they need ask no more : —
_luroKTATioNS FR"M Ireland . — The arrivals of grain and provisions ot various kinds at the port of Liverpiiol from Ireland during the week comprising the period from ihe 14 th to the 20 th ultimo inclusively , consisted ofthe following : | 6 , 666 firkins , 77 half-firkins , 555 basket ? , 84 boxes , and 410 casks of butter ; 929 sacks and 640 barrels of fleur ; 2 , 014 quarters , 205 tons weight , 1 , 248 barrels , and 61 sacks of wheat ; 168 quarters , 795 barrels , and 200 sacks of oats ; 134 bags and 147 other packages of oatmeal ; 120 sacks of malt ; 120 sacksand _SlOquartersof barley ; 13 bales , 575 boxes aud tierces , and 5 other parcels of linens and cottons ; 21 cnaks and
139 bales of bacon ; 22 bags of feathers ; 50 bags nf vetches ; 67 tons weight and 33 bags of beans ; 108 cags of peas ; 54 casks of _whis-ky ; 178 bags of meal ; 30 kegs and 26 barrels of lard ; 137 barrels of pork ; 16 barrels of general provisions : 58 tons weight of buck-wheat ; 24 bags of seed j and 15 kegs of _tonj : ue 3 . Those at the port of Bristol on the 17 th and 20 th consisted of 342 firkins of butter ; 25 quarters of malt ; some packages of lineus , whisky , and other articles . The arrivals at the port of London from the sister island during the aveek comprising from the 17 th to the 22 nd ult ., inclusive were . 138 packages of butter , 405 casks of pork , 52
packages ot linens , 687 boxes oi eggs , 11 casks of whiskey , 1 , 424 bales and other packages of bacon , 182 of hams , 56 of general provisions , 322 barrels of flour , 70 bass , 556 quarters , and 100 sacks of wheat ; 320 bags , 2 , 160 barrels , anil 387 quarters of beans ; 473 casks of lard , 425 quarters and 4 bushels ot lentils , 54 packages of middles . 87 of malt , 3-51 barrels of oats , 376 casks of porter , 648 quarters of buckwheat , and a variety of other articles , both of food and general merchandise . The importations into Liverpool from the same quarter , during a subsequent period , viz ., from the 21 st to the 26 ih ult ; inclusive , consisted of 159 bass of meal , 29 casks of
avhiskey , 171 sa < _-ks and 350 other packages of oatmeal , 50 to n s we ight and 25 quarters of barley , 298 sacks , 77 tons weight ., 575 barrels , aud 38 quartern of oats ; 600 barrels and 439 sacks of flour ; 124 boxes . 6 544 firkins , and 500 other packages of butter ; 4 , 12 6 q uarters , 100 barrels , and 322 tons weight of wheat ; 24 quarters and 20 tons weight of Indian corn ; 517 packages of linens and cottons ; 133 baits and 9 casks of bacon ; 60 tons weight of peas ; 273 casks ot pork ; several of ham , beef , and lard ; 60 sacks of malt , and 101 tons weight anal CO quarters of beans . Those at the port of Bristol , on the 24 th and 27 th ult ., included 12 casks of tongues , 33 of whisky .
24 sacks of oatmeal , 100 of wheat , 30 bales of bacon , 31 bags of oats , 3 0 cas k s , 610 firkins , and 2 kegs of butter ; 80 packages of flour , several of linens , hams , and other articles . The following are the subsequent and latest arrivals of provisions of various kinds from Ireland at the port of London , comprising tho period from tbe 24 th ult . to tbe 31 st instant inclusive ;—1 , 244 quarters of oats ; 1 , 071 bales and other packages of bacon ; 347 casks of pork ; 71 of feathers ; 1 , 677 casks of butter ; 61 packages of linens , 71 of hams , 24 of rice , 139 of malt , 119 of whiskey , 214 of paper , 70 of salmon ; 723 boxes of eggs ; 118 sacks , 455 quarters , and 500 bags of wheat ; 416 casks of porter ; 205 packages of geueral provisions ; 2 , 434
sac k s , 817 casks , and 230 bags of flour ; 442 casks of lard , 23 of middles ; 19 casks of vinegar ; 190 quarters of rye ; 500 barrels of meal ; 20 quarters of beans ; 100 lambs , CO sheep , 91 oxen , and 40 cal vis ; 830 bags of buckwheat ; S 00 packages of corn meal , and a variety of other productions , of food aud general merchandise , including 388 boxes of silver lead ore , and 96 boxes of silver specie , of too geueral and numerous a character to be more fully particularised . Although tbe frequency and ahuoji uninterrupted continuance of a contrary wind , which has affected tho arrival *! into England from foreign ports , must have had its proportionate effect with _respeot to the arrivals from the neighbouring portion , of the United Kingdom .
Tciis exportation of food from the famishing in tb e face of thai cemetery 1 This in the face of those perishing millions ! We arraign the Legislature wb . fi can permit this , as guilty of high treason tQ _hli-aiau
Rich And Poor. Do Our Readers Want To Kn...
. ; nature . Itis _MURDER—ahd those ' whip perpetrate it can be no better than _^ MURDERERS-afid _^ _in-! deed , if ' tbe English p eop le tamely _. look on they * . are \ accomplices - ¦ ''¦' - ¦ ; ti ; - '•' ¦ ¦ '• ' " ' ' ¦ ' '' . ' ' ' " ¦ 1 But little , indeed ,-of all this food and produce will _coaeto the months of the English poor . Why , even " English ' corn" is . being sold to the French buyer , or hoarded against an artificial famine . Let the crops grow ; let showers fructify and sunshine ripen the grain ; all the better for the forestallers ! The more gigantic will be their undertakings—the
more collossal tlieir gains . English and Irish must come to the rescue , or they will see their wives and children fade and die before their eyes , while forestallers are fattening their own proud hearts on a perishing country . Ay ! the Irish peasantry are being _murdered , while Irish landlords are feasting the son of the Russian tyrant on the life-blood of of the Saxon and the Celt alike . How long shall this last ? As long as the people are fools enough to submit to infamy , but no longer ! How long shall this last ? As long as the wolf wears
the sheep s clothing , and till the hand of truth tears the mask off the face of tyranny—but no longer And we think the time has come . Death , and suffering have been teaching new lessdns of political economy . They have said to the poor , Why should you starve ? See ! there is enough for all ! They have _avarned the rich : men will not respect your wealthif you do not respect their poverty . They will not fight your battles and pay your taxes , if yon do not concede to them their rights , and restore to them their property . It is coming to a day of
reckoninga closing of accounts—a striking of the balance , and woe to the defaulter and the guilty ! There is still time to prevent the last extremity . It- is not a deficiency of food in the [ country that presses on the people—but a deficiency of pojntlar power that leaves this food at the discretion of Monopoly ; locks up , by its laws of primogeniture and others , the land that produces the food ; places the harvests at the mercy ot the landlord's game—and the labourer and mechanic at the despotic bidding of his master gives to the Church the acres of the poor—pampers the shepherd , while it starves the flock !
Down with such laws , and there would be plenty Down with monopoly , and there would be content i but not with ONE monopoly alone—era long as one canker remains , the whole tree is infected .
Portugal Coerced And England Degraded. A...
PORTUGAL COERCED AND ENGLAND DEGRADED . At the time we write , Thursday evening , the latest intelligence of the movements in Portugal , represents the Conde das Aulas , with two thousand of his followers , as prisoners of war in the hands of the invaders ; and the Junta crippled , if not totally crushed . In all probability a few hours will bring the confirmation or contradiction of this report . However that may be , there can be no doubt that either with or without a lamentable effusion of blood , the Portuguese will be compelled to succumb to the combined brigands arrayed against them , by land and sea .
We refer our readers to the documents in our seventh page , which will be found fully to bear out every argument we advanced last week against the course adopted by the British Government , to their eternal dishonour , and the shame of this country , Tbe Whigs have printed a " blue book , " which we have not seen , but which we understand contains nearly 400 pages of correspondence and diplomatic documents , now laid before parliament to justify (?) the intervention . The Whigs may hope to smother
the truth under a mass of diplomatic lies and rubbish , but we tell them though tlieir " blue book" had contained four hundred times four hundred pages , they would fail to prove the purity of tlieir conduct . Without the shadow of a shade of justification , the Whigs have placed themselves at the head of a new " Holy Alliance , " to annihilate the forlorn hope of liberty in Portugal , preparatory to an onslaught upon Switzerland and Italy , where the French and Austriaii despotisms purpose to destroy the last remnants of freedom , and the new-born hopes of progress .
The armed intervention is totally unjustifiable _, because 1 st , England has no right to interfere in the affairs of another and an independent state ; because 2 nd , the Queen of Portugal has proved herself a tyrant , fierce , faithless , and fiendish , and to interfere in the affairs of nations for the sustainment of tyranny is abhorent to the spirit ofthe English people ; because 3 rd , the insurrection against Donna Maria was not the ebullition of a faction , hut the unanimous outburst of a nation , * and as every nation has the right to change its governors , as England did in the time of James 2 nd , Portugal may of right do the same , whether that right be exercised tochange a ministry ,
a chief magistrate , or a constitution ; because , lastly , so long as the interference of British _agents was conducted in a seemingly friendly , and impartial spirit , the Junta , the true national government of Portugal—showed pevfect willingness to negotiate a peace , * only _insisting that the desired arrangement should be guaranteed by something more binding than the mock promises of '' Her Most Faithful'Majesty . ' ' To place this last position beyond the possibility of doubt , or question , we will here quote from the letter of the Conde das Antas to Sir H . Seymour , after the withdrawal of Colonel Wylde from the negoiiation : —
The Junta has not refused to consent , as your excellency affirms , to the proposals which were made to it . On the contrary , it deemed them , in their opinion , to be acceptable and opportune , but it saw that they would easily be eluded if they were not accompanied by explanations aud elucidations necessary to guarantee them . Accepting the principle , it did no more than deduce the consequences , which it sees , not without great surprise , condemned .
And if , in fine , there avas anything in its answer which appeared unreasonable , no doubt could exist that it might be again considered as soon as a ministry deserving the conlidance of the throne and cnuntry should be named . In politics , words signify nothing without the means of execution ; and this Junta would have acted very indiscreetly if it had endangered the present and future happiness of the country to vague promises always easy to be eluded .
The Junta not only desired peace , it made another effort to obtain it . Wo quote again fram the same letter : — Such is the desire tho Junta entertains to terminate pacifically this deplorable contest , that it has resolved on addressing directly to her most faithful majesty a respectful message , not o nl y to tr e at f or the proposed armistice , but likewise ofthe final steps indispensable to restore to the country peace , legal
order , and constitutional liberty , without injury to the dignity of the throne and of the national _indepenence . And , in order to attain this end , the Junta , availing itself of the friendly disposition avhich your excellency has manifested for the pacification of this country , requests you will be pleased to obtain from her most faithful majesty the favour of her admitting to her _toyal presence the commission which the Junta shall appoint to be the bearers of that respectful message . —
Falmerston _' s protocol wo have shown to bo based upon fraud and falsehood . On the grounds wc have enumerated we assort that the War of Invasion , the Intervention of Brute Force is UNJUSTIFIABLE AND DAMNABLE ; combining the wickedness of Russian aggression with the shame of Austrian _perfidy . But there is one argument advanced by the defenders and apologists ofthe- Whig Government , in attempted justification ol tbo intervention , so shameful that we blush to record it . Tho Times , Globe , and Chronicle , represent that had tho English government not interfered , tho governments ef France and
Spain would have interfered and that _inthatoaso the consequences would have been much worse for tho Portuguese liberals . It is admitted that "in the beginning of the dispute the feelings of our Government were obviously with tho people , the justice of whose complaints itwas impossible to deny . " At an early stage of the dispute application for assistance was made by the traitorous Queen of Portugal to the English , French and Spanish Governments . The two _i latter expressed , their readiness to afford tbe . re-
Portugal Coerced And England Degraded. A...
quired aid , which the British' Government rti > ed . believing that the Queen was in the wrong . . If t _^ Queen was j in tha wrong eight months ago , she is equally in the wrong now : indeed , in the course of that time her guilt has become greatly aggravated . Why , then , that change of pjlicy which has set England interfering , to her own dishonour and the ruin of Portugal ? Becanse , forthsooth , Spain would interfere , —France would interfere . But has England not the power to forbid that interference ? Is our country fallen so low that England must either participate in a wrong , or tamely stand by and see that wrong performed 1 Yes ; at least such is the argument of the papers above named .
The Chronicle _sneeringly asks Mr Hume what he would do were he Foreign Minister ? What he might do we know not , but we imagine if our Foreign Minister was the minister of THE PEOPLE , instead of being the partisan of a corrupt faction ; if he was the representative of ENGLAND , instead of being tbe dirty tool of a Coburg clique , he , _spsakiBg
the voice cf England ' s might , would forbid both Guizofc and Pacheco interfering with Portugal at their peril . Shade of Cromwell ! is it come to this that England dare not stand by the right , but must needs share the crimes ofthe despots and assassins of the continent , and be willing to do the dirty work of that intriguing , hypocritical old tyrant , Louis Philippe ?
Night after ni _^ _ht , in the House of Commons , the discussion on this infamous intervention has been postponed under one miserable pretext or another , the object ofthe Government being to gain time , and stave off discussion until their murderous " pacification" has become " an accomplished fact "—a phrase which is now held to bo a sufficient excuse for all crimes and knaveries of statesmen and diplomatists . After repeated postponements , Lord G . Bentinck had the impudence to suggest a further postponement , because the evening finally agreed upon between Mr Hume und the Government was the night tht _tyueen ' s balltook place ! Well might Mr B . Osborne say that this was very like the argument that ¦
" Wretches must hang , that jurymen may dine ; "j for in this case it seemed to be thought that " Patriots must die thut senators may dance . " Such are the statesmen and legislators of England ! These be thy gods , 0 Israel 1 The bold and truthful sentiments expressed by the Fraternal Democrats on this question , will , we are sure , find an echo in the breasts of millions . If any
short-sighted _lenkera-on are disposed to question the utility of " addresses" and " resolutions" from men who have not at present the power to prevent or punish the crimes they denounce or deplore , letsuch remember that " Words are things , and a small drop of ink Falling like dew upon a thonght , produces That which maker * thousands , perhaps millions , think !"
The Report Referred To Above Is Confirme...
The report referred to above is confirmed . On the 31 st of May an expedition composed of 2 , 500 soldiers , under the command of Das Antas , sailed from Oporto , when they were surrounded by the British squadron , under the command of Sir T . Maitland , and compelled to surrender themselves prisoners of war . We are compelled to postpone particulars . The conduct ofthe English government and their agents has been most infamous , and demands the loudest expression of public execration .
Parliamentary Review. The Protracted Deb...
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . The protracted debates on the Prisons Bill , and incidentally on Criminal Jurisprudence , in general affords a strong , and , in some respects , gratifying proof of a decidedly wholesome change in the current of popular opinion , and of an increased and increasing disposition on the part of legislators to attend to measures of an ameliorative and reformatory character , which , in former times , would have been summarily dismissed , as being so abstract and theoretical , and so wholly impracticable and
Utopian as to be altogether unworthy of the attention of " practical men . " The _superciliousness and apathy of ignorance has now given place to the warm , but , as yet , crude and undefined reasoning and interest of the neophytes in a new branch of study ; and , though the opinions of the parties so placed may possess little intrinsic value , the change is , itself , a most beneficial one , and cannot fail to lead to other and still more pleasing and substantial results . In this respect , and in this only , do these debates afford any real gratification to those who have
already given the complicated framework of society , and the foundations upon which it is—as well as those upon which it ought to be—based , that attention and reflection which such primarily essential subjects demand . It is not , however , in matters affecting a reform in our Criminal Code , and in the treatment of those who have become amenable to the laws , that the views of our legislators and rulers are found to be fragmentary and superficial . In almost every other department of legislation the same ignorance and fear of first principles is
observable . None of thera have learned to look upon the subject in its totality— -most of them would scout the man as a dreamer who would talk of doing so . Yet it is not the less true that until legislation has some fixed and definite first principles to start from , with fixed , definite , and harmonious results in view , that we cannot ba said to have mastered the very alphabet of the science of Government , and all that may be said or done on the subject is mere hap-hazard , and rule of thumb-work-For a long period this country dealt with its
criminal population in a very summary way . We either strung thera up on the gallows , or flung them , like so much human rubbish , upon foreign lands , termed " penal colonies , " to perish , or to ferment and _put-ify , by association , into masses of greater corruption and vice than but for such a coarse and clumsy invention could possibly have been created . The public feeling has long since revolted at hanging human beings , and the spectacle is happily becoming a somewhat rare one . Capital punishments are now limited to a very few offences ,
and even in the few cases to winch it is still applicable , there is a growing disinclination on the part of both judges and juries to enforce it . The transportation system , in all its modifications , is becoming equally stale and effete in popular estimation . As a curative ofthe criminal , or a preventive of crime , it is ridiculous to speak of it ; while , on the other hand , it entails upon the colonies to which these human weeds are transplanted such au amount of pecuniary , social , and moral evil , as to render existence in thera intolerable and impossible to any other class . Transportation , under almost every possible shape
and form , has been tried and found wanting in all the great requisites which a philosophical legislator or statesman wonld require . Under these circumstances , the Government propose a great change ; in fact , it amounts to a virtual abolition of transportation , and the substitution of a system of moral and industrial training for convicts , for a certain period , after which they are to be sent abroad at the expense of the Government , to any part of the world they may choose , furnished with the means to commence life anew , unchecked hy former criminal associates , previous bad habits , m the disgrace of a bad names The scheme is undoubtedlv a benevolent one
in Mention ; but it is open to many very grave oh ) _ec-Uofts _, not the least _forcible of which h , that it gives the convicted criminal greater advantages than fall to the lot of the honest labourer . It seems never to have occurred , to our readers , or _members of parha . ment , that it might he proper , justifiable , and much more efficacious for the State to make arrangements by which moral and industrious habits might be formed for these persons , before they became criminals ! instead of after they had violated the laws . The one plan would not only be more certain in its results , but a great deal mn economical . A population universally anil early trained up iu habits o { regular
Parliamentary Review. The Protracted Deb...
_v-fldustry , with the moral and domestic affections duj ( cultivated , the intellect properly developed , and the ' physical wants properly supplied , would present such a cm inertia to the temptations of vice , that ou standing army of judges , lawyers , jailors , turnkeys constables , policemen , and all the tribe who Iive by the crimes of others , might be speedily cut down to a skeleton staff . But it is not yet the fashion of the
day to legislate in this radical style . Instead of cutting off the waters of evil at the fountain head we prefer to take our stand far down the streara and after it has overflowed it banks , and spread d « . vastation and ruin around , we essay the task of ar . resting its career of destruction , by bailing it out in buckets ! Such is pretty nearly the fact , though figuratively stated ; a result which must continue to distinguish all legislation based upon imperfect or erroneous views of the first principles of society , first duties of Government , and the first rights of the peop le .
The Attempt Of The Framework Knitters Of...
The attempt of the Framework Knitters of the midland counties to defend themselves by means of legislative _protestion against the intolerable and oppressive exactions of the owners of frames and other evils incident to their occupation has tailed for this session , at least . The Hosiery Bill Wj » defeated on Wednesday by a majority of twenty notwithstanding an earnest appeal by its promoter '
Sir H . Halford , that it might be referred to a _seleei committee , for the purpose . of seeing whether t he clauses objected to by some members who professed themselves friendly to the object of the bill , might not be amended in such a way as to obviate these objections . It is but justice to add , that other members supported the proposition to refer the bill , on the ground that the house was bound to inquire whether there were any practicable means by which the condition of this notoriously oppressed class of operatives could be improved . Among the
members who took this course was Sir J . Easthope , who on this occasion deserted his colleague in the representation of Leicester , who proposed the amendment that the bill he read a second time six months hence . Sir John did not disguise his opinion , that legislature would be of no use to the Framework Knitters , but he was so careful not to hurt their feelings that he was quite willing tO " inquire . " He disclaimed being animated by any electioneering motive in supporting such inquiry _. Perhaps it is as well not to look too curiously into
human motives ' , else we fear that , however unconsciously to himself , it would be found that proximity to a general election had no small share in producing this somewhat unusual course on the part of the worthy baronet , whose paper , the Morning Chronicle , has at all times consistently and bitterly opposed every attempt to legislate for the protection of the working classes against the overgrown power of capital . As to the general arguments by which the house was induced to reject the measure , —they were identical in substance ,
almost in words , to those urged by the same men against the Ten Hours' Bill , Mr _Miluer Gibson , Mr Roebuck , Mr Monk Phillips , & c , spouted the usual glib fallacies of the heartless and brainless sect of economist to which they belong , with the same fluency and the same assurance as if they had not been this very session triumphantly ansavered and beaten on the Ten Hours' Bill . Strange to say , the House of Commons also forgot that fact , and added another to its already long catalogue of inconsistencies , by refusing that protection to the
stocking makers which it previously granted to the factory operatives . Defeat , however , must in this case , as in the case of the factory agitation , only stimulate to renewed and continuous exertions on the part of the Framework Knitters and their friends . Perseverance in such cases is not only one ofthe political necessities of the present mode of doing business in a legislative way ; but is , at the same time , the best guarantee of ultimate success .
The discussion which the subject has undergone during the present session , and the errors pointed out in the form of the Bill by such friendly critics as Mr Duneombe and others , will enable those who have tbe special charge of this question to come before Parliament nVoch better prepared next year , and will also have paved the way for a more unbiassed and respectful hearing of the claims of the Framework Knitters .
Much of this week has been occupied by personal matters—one of these , which took up nearly the whole of Monday evening , was , however , of a nature which almost took it out of the category of private quarrel , and elevated it to the rank of a Colonial Question . We have given , in our abstract of the debates , sufficient to make the reader acquainted with the facts attending the dismissal of Sir Eardley Wilmot from the Government of _Van-Dieman ' s
Land . No unprejudiced person , upon a perusal of these facts , can doubt that Sir Eardley Wilmot was hunted to death by a trio of mean , cowardly calumniators , who , after having achieved their object slunk from giving their names , or meeting the consequences ; But atever might have been the malevolence , or the sinister objects of these base wretches , they could not have succeeded had they not found a too credulous officer in the then
Colonial Secretary , Mr Gladstone , who , on the strength of what he himself admitted to be " mere rumours , " incapable of specific authentication , dismissed a gentleman from an important and responsible office , and informed him at the same time that he was never again to receive an appointment 1 The leaders of the great parties in the House have amply retracted everything injurious to Sir Eardley ' s character . Mr Gladstone has confessed himself to be entirely mistaken ; the Noble Whig Colonial Secretary , and his sub , Mr Hawes _, justify their
denial of justice , on the ground that there were " no papers" in the office ' , and they could not interfere with the decision of a previous Minister . The House of Commons joins in a posthumous tribute to the character of the late Governor of Van-Dieman ' s Land ; and that immaculate baronet , Sir R . Inglis , rises up , and as & finale , declares everybody to have been peifectly right in the matter , and everybody ' s character perfectly to be vindicated . We should imagine the family of the man who was thus maligned—thus ignominiously treated—thus deprived of rank , station , and public respect , and who died in the foreign
land where he was self-exiled by bis determination to collect such evidence as should _triumphantly clear his character , will scarcely be satisfied with the complacent and self-satisfied verdict of the worthy baronet . Indeed , as the son of the late Sir Eardley has got tbe names of tbe _calumniatoss _, which have been studiously kept from the public * it may be expected tbat more will he heard of Ihe subject . We should not be at all surprised to Slid out that some pious parson , of . high or low _degiee , was at the bottom of all the mischief . Mr Gladstone was just themantobeearwiggedby oae of that fraternity . [ The whole affair is an instructive commentary on I the mode in which business is conducted at the
Colonial-office , and an illustration of the backstairs influence which still exists amongst us , despite of the open and responsibility-creating character of our institutions in tho abstract . A smaller personal matter occupied the greater part of the sitting on Tuesday night ; but it is beneath comment here , and is only noticed for the purpose of recording the fact , that as soon as it was over " the House" was over
too . Mr Moffatt rose to bring forward an important motion , but had scarcely opened when the House was counted , and 29 members only being present , the Speaker left the chair . The small number of members who attend to the business on ordinary occasions , the _listlessness and apathy observable on all sides , and the cursory and superficial s tyle in whieh things are slurred over , all betoken [ the near approach of foe dose , of the Session and . of
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 12, 1847, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_12061847/page/4/
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