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April U, 1849. 4 . THE NORTHERN STAR • ~...
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to tailors. By -approbation of Ker Majesty Queen Victoria and Hi* J Rojal Highness Prince Albert
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MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.
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TCX--I.AV.—How Cheap Clothes are Made.—J...
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The Convicted Mtjkdeeess, Sarah Thomas. ...
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J. Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the...
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THE NOBTHEM STAB SATURDAY. APKIIi 14, 1S49.
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HOW TO GET NEW MARKETS. Mi'. Cobden has ...
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. , A Glance at Nine...
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Hospital Accommodation in London. —It is...
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THE LATENT FOREIGN NEWS. FRANCE.—-The In...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
April U, 1849. 4 . The Northern Star • ~...
April U , 1849 . 4 . THE NORTHERN STAR _~ j — •¦ ¦ _, „¦
To Tailors. By -Approbation Of Ker Majesty Queen Victoria And Hi* J Rojal Highness Prince Albert
to tailors . By _-approbation of Ker Majesty Queen Victoria and Hi * J Rojal Highness Prince Albert
Ad00414
_^ w _Keaav , ITHE LONDON and PARIS SPRING X and _SEMMER FASHIONS for 1 S 49 _, by Messrs . BENJAMIN _REAU and Co ., 12 , Hart-street . Bloouisbnry-sqnare , Xondon - , and by GEORGE BERGER , _HoIyweU-stree / i Strand ; a splendid rRI > % elaborately finished , and su-• _perbl-f coloured , the _LANDSCAPE , a correct new in tiie Queen ' s Botanical Gardens , London , ( by special pernusaion , * the most magnificent place in Europe . Iliis beautiful picture wnl be accompanied with the most novel , goon fittnic . and fashionable Dress , Riaing , Frock , and Hunting Coat Patterns , both double and single-breasted ; Hussars vr Youth ' s ronnd _Jackets , plain and with starts -single anu double-breasted Dress , Morning and _Ewhm _^ _im « c « ite j also the most feshionable and newest strte Habit Pattern m _laXular part of each pattern Mr _eqitocMa „ .. - h . _^ . - _™ _nfBwrmuiisrespecting Style _andtasluon _,
Ad00417
TO THE DEMOCRATS OF GREAT BRITAIN . TBERE will be DISPOSED OF , by SUBSCRIPTION , on the principle of the _Art-Unious ,
Ad00419
IMPERATIVE SALE . TVVO FOUR-ACRE PAID-UP SHARES X TO BE D 1 SF 05 ED OF , for £ 312 s . each , or £ 5 the two . Apr '; , to A . B ., care of T . M . WnEEtEB , O'Connorvflle , near _Jliv-ianansworth , Herts .
Ad00420
TO BE SOLD , A FOUR-ACRE SHARE IN THE National LAND COMPAXT , the holder being about to em " : n * -ite . Price £ S . For _particulars apply ( if by letter prepaid ) , to Mr . Wm . Conw-. ; ,. 3 , Phoenix-yard , Frinces-street , _O-tiord-street .
Ad00421
A FOUR-ACRE PAID-UP SHARE -CX C .. r Sale in the _National Land Company , in consequent ? -jf the party going abroad . Trice £ 3 . _Address J . H ., 25 , Prospect-row , Balls Pond-road , _Xondfln .
Ad00422
TO BE SOLD , THREE FOUR-ACRE PAID-UP SHARES in the _National Land Company . Price £ 210 s . each . The advertiser being left a widow is about to emigrate to Australia . Early applications to be made to Mary Springthorpe , at the . Ls . sd Office , 1 « , _KMi Holborn .
Ad00423
CnARTERTILLE . A POUR-ACRE ALLOTMENT for sale , v . I . _* efly cropped with wheat , barley , _coirots , and potatOrs . _Apf-ly to Thomas Pickersgill , 45 , Brizenorton-road , _Chavtwviile , with postage stamp for reply .
Middlesex Sessions.
MIDDLESEX _SESSIONS .
Tcx--I.Av.—How Cheap Clothes Are Made.—J...
_TCX--I . AV . —How Cheap Clothes are Made . —J . Jonc * -. 42 , whose appearance denoted that he was by profession a " snip , " was indicted for having stolen a pair of trowsers _, the property of Henry Lawrence . —The prosecutor said , that he was a master t'dlor in Brewer-street , and for the last nine months ihe prisoner had worked for him . On the occasion in question the prisoner had been to the shop i ' _-. r some work , and had succeeded in getting a pair oi trowsers from the shelf into his bundle * but some suspicion having been excited by the size of the bp ' _-dle , he was stopped , and he then threw the trowECi _*** behind the counter . When called upon to _cross—xamine the witnesses , the prisoner assumed a theatrical attitude , and demanded that the
prosccntvr should say before the court and jury what p rice he had paid hiin ( the prisoner ) for making trowsers . —The prosecutor said , that they had a comiiiOii kind of article wnich they gxv _& to women to makeup , and as the work put in was slight , the prices for making varied from lOd . to Is . 6 a . —The prisoner , in his defence , said that for the last nine month _? hc had had to support _liimself , his wife , and Six children , by making trowsers at 10 d ., Is ., 4 d ., and l . s . ( 3 d ., a pair , and that he considered was the best proof he could give that he was an honest man . He did not allude to the particular pan * of trowsers . —The prosecutor said , that the p risoner had _begged , with tears in his eyes , for women ' s work at women ' s prices , and he had got it , not only from
bim , bat from other tailors , who had been deprived of their goods altogether . —The prisoner said , this assertion was a false one . Ho had made the very "best » _.-xti * a double superfine cloth trowsers for IGd . a pair . ( A laugh . )—The jury found the prisoner * ' Guilty , " but recommended him to mercy . —The _lcarnt'ifjudge said , that he considered the prisoner was an honest-minded man , who strove so hard to support his wife and family that hc made trowsers at sixteen pence a pair , lie had , perhaps , yielded to a sudden temptation , " and God forbid , " said the Chairman , "that an honest striving man who is suddenly overcome by temptation , should receive the same punishment as an habitual thief . " The prisoner was sentonced to one month ' s hard labour . ¦ W ednesday . —Robbing a Prince . —Mary Ann Dunn , a g irl of 16 , was indicted for having stolen a sovereign , tlie property of Prince Lueien Bonaparte .
It appeared from the evidence in the depositions , thai the prisoner was employed as servant at 2 fo . 8 , "Upper John-street , Golden-square , where the Prince Lueien _Bonapai * te and the Princess Letitia Bonaparte occupied apartments . The prisoner , it seemed , had taken the coin from off a table in one ofthe Princess ' s rooms , and it was discovered sewn inside her stays . The prisoner pleaded "Guilty . " Sentenced to six weeks' hard labour . Question op _Fbaud . —IL Kemp , 20 , a sailor , was indicted for having obtained Irom W . Harris certain goods , by means of false pretences . The jury acquitted the prisoner . Charge of Theft at a Sporting House — A young man of respectable appearance was indicted under thc name of Smith , ( an assumed one ) , for stealing the sum of 4 s . Od . from a young man named Brougham . After hearing thc evidence the jury returned a verdict of " _2 _fot Guiltv . "
_TurnsDAT . —A Swindler . —P . Fernie , a respectably dressed young man , was indicted for obtaining goods by false and fraudulent pretences . —Air Weller appeared for the prosecution . —The jury returned a verdict of " Guilty . "—The learned judge said , that the prisoner was not quite so fortunate this time as he was before , when he was tried for a precisely similar offence . The prisoner was then sentenced to six months' hard labour . Mary Powell , a young Irishwoman , was indicted for the following heartless and -ungrateful robbery : In the Ijeginning of this month she applied , in
circumstances ol great destitution , to a poor laundress , named Mary Shakspeare , residing hi St . John ' _s-terrace , Clerkenwell . Employment was given to her out of pure compassion , but she had scarcel y been set to work when she was observed by a little girl to take some clothes off the line , put them under her shawl , and walk out of the house with them . She was followed and given into custody , and the case being clearly proved , the jury found her " Guilty . " The assistant judge sentenced her to be imprisoned in the House of Correction and kept to hard labour for six calendar months .
The Convicted Mtjkdeeess, Sarah Thomas. ...
The Convicted _Mtjkdeeess , Sarah Thomas . — As we { Bristol JournalJ stated in our report of the trial of this wretched creature , she was carried from the dock in a state bordering npon distraction , presenting a fearful spectacle of shrunken humanity writhing m remorse and agony . Immediatel y upon the sentence she was brought io the Bristol gaol . _TVe have been informed that on Tuesday night Mr . Baron Piatt forwarded the recommendation of the jury to the Home Secretary , and we understand his lordshi p assured Mr . Sergeant Allen , who-defended the prisoner , " that no pains should be spared on
Ms part to bring about " a consummation of it . We had hoped , from her manifestation of grief after sentence was pronounced , that she would have heen penitent , and turned her attention seriously to _SSSSi . consol _? tl (« l 5 but _**« better feelings soon S _^ t ? _r er x and .- _*" cs *™< _-d her former logged _SS _^ _° ? nduc _* ' - bein g _amovedfrom the _SS _^ _SiS _""? _* 5 _* " _^^ « -n * h" * ed herself in such a violent manner that force was compelled to be used to place the handcufis on her The dav for her execution is fixed for Friday week , should a revneve not arme before that day . Since her conhnement in Bristol city gaol she has been desponding and . reserved . She is constantly _watchedThut She has not made any confession .
Ad00415
122 , BOROUGH MARKET . TO POTATO AND PEA SALESMEN AND OTHERS . MR . ORPWOOD WILL SELL BY AUCTION at the Mart , London , on Monday , Aran , 23 rd , at Twelve , A FmST-RATE WHOLESALE _COMMISSIOS BUSINESS VJ THE POTATO AND PEA TRADE , carried on by present proprietor and his predecessor twenty years , and wliich produced ahove £ G 50 per annum in commissions alone , during tlie late season of scarcity also , the low-rented leasehold premises , fifty years in the trade . Printed particulars may be had on the premises ; at Mr . Orpwood ' s Auction Offices , Artillery-place , Finsburysquare ; Mart ; " Castle , " Mark-lane ; and " King ' s Head , " Romford .
Ad00416
THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVER _PUBtlSUED . Price ls . 6 d ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plata _« f thi Author , of _PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Now Ready , a New Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK OH SMALL FARMS . Just published , No . III . Price _Su-pence , or THE COMMONWEALTH : A MONTHLY RECORD OF DEMOCRATIC , SOCIAL & INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS "THE COMMONWEALTH" will bo the Representative of the _ChartistSj Socialists , and Trades' Unionists , in the Monthly Press . contests : 1 . What is to be done with Ireland ? 2 . The Weaver ' s Daughter . 3 . Extinction of Pauperism . 4 . Popular Cause in Europe . 5 . Social Effects of Peasant Proprietorship . G . Ths Hero . 7 . Events ofthe Month . Communications for the Editor , Books for Review , Ac , to be forwarded to the Office , 16 , Great WmdniiU-street _, Ilaymarket , London , Sold by J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternosterrow , London ; A . Heywood , Oldham-street , Manchester ; aud Love and Co ., 5 , Kelson-street , Glasgow . And hy all Booksellers in Town and Country .
Era Dromtfuoiinemsu
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J. Sweet Acknowledges The Receipt Of The...
J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums , viz .: —For the Defence Fund—Mr . _Knotty 3 d . ; . Mr . Broadhead , 3 d . ; Mr , Chipindale , Cd . — -For the Chartist Executive—From the "Colonel Hutchinson , " 5 s . M . P ., O'Connoralle . — The notice would be charged as an advertisement . Chabtist _Pbhtiok . —Tlie men of Glossop and other friends , are informed that address , as well as name , should be attached to petition . Copies of the petition are printed , and can he obtained of Mr . Kydd , in Manchester , and hy application to Mr . StaUwood , acting secretary , at the Executive Booms , 114 , High Holborn . The price of copies of petition are 2 s . per hundred . —E . Stallwood , Acting Secretary to National Charter Association . G . Bbow . v , near Wakefield , has sent us a long letter , calling upon the Miners of Yorkshire to appoint a meeting at an early day , for the purpose " of petitioning Parliament to adopt some practical measure for tlie better preservation of human lives in coal mines . W . H . Ctmro _** . —We have no room for your letter this week : and before determining on its publication we should like to see the journal from which the extract is taken . H . Kobebts , York . —Received .
The Nobthem Stab Saturday. Apkiii 14, 1s49.
THE NOBTHEM STAB SATURDAY . APKIIi 14 , 1 S 49 .
How To Get New Markets. Mi'. Cobden Has ...
HOW TO GET NEW MARKETS . Mi ' . Cobden has frequently complained of the manner in which our men-of-war spend their time in pleasant trips about the Mediterranean , or lie idle in the beautiful Bay of _Naples . His Liverpool friends have fallen foul of the exorbitant expenditure on the " Wooden Walls , " and clamour for its reduction ; bnt , if a new Manufacturing and Commercial Movement , which has just heen commenced , proves successful , we should suppose
that these clamours will be silenced . The British Navy will he turned to use in discovering—if not forcing open—new markets for the manufacturers ofthe North of England , at the expense of the country , and of course the utilitarian uses to which tbey will he put will amply justify its magnitude in the eyes of these most economical and disinterested Reformers . The plan to which we allude has been broached by Mr . R . M . Martej , well known as a statist of the Politico-Economical
and Free Trade School , and who , it appears , has been making atom * among the large towns in the manufacturing districts , in pursuance of directions from ihe Board of Trade , to ascertain the opinions and views of the leading merchants and manufacturers , with respect to an extension of British commercial intercourse to Japan , Corea , Cochin-China , and Siam . These countries—especially the first ;—are governed upon strictly self-supporting and nonintercourse principles . The Sovereign of Japan has rigidly and invariably refused to open up his ports and markets to foreign productions ; and he and his people are , apparently , satisfied with the natural and artificial productions of their own soil , climate , industry , and skill . Their neighbours—the Chinese—seem to he of
much the same opinion , for , notwithstanding that we battered down their property and blew out the brains of some few thousands of them , hy way of agreeable enforcement to trade with us , it does not seem that we have yet reaped any very great benefit from the additional ports which they were compelled thereby to throw open to us . Hence those most expansive and benevolent of philanthropists—the manufacturers of West Riding and Lancashire—¦ have not yet" ample room and verge enough " for the display of their cosmopolitan charity _. They are still short of markets in which they may practise the virtues of Christian civilisation ; and this is the way in which they propose to set about its extension . At a recent meeting in Leeds , the Mayor in the chair ,
Tlie mode in which it was proposed to carry out the object of opening those markets , Mr . Martin explained to be this : —One of her Majesty ' s frigates to be fitted out as a transport ; her guns to he placed in the hold , to avoid exciting suspicion in the minds of the natives of the countries visited that the vessel had gone for beUigerent purposes ; her crew to be composed of old experienced seamen from the guard-ships , to be commanded by officers ofthe royal navy , and to be accompanied by surveying officers , whose duty it should be to survey ports , aud lay down plans for the guidance of merchants vessels on subsequent occasions ; the _i-essel to have ou hoard a cargo of British nianuiactures , to be under the care of a supercargo in whom tlie owners of tlie goods have confidence ; those goods to he conveyed freight free to the respective ports , and whatever is received in exchange for them to be conveyed freight free
home . He also explained thc instructions which would be given to the envoy having charge ofthe commission , as to proposing and entering into treaties of commerce on behalf of this country . Atthe conclusion of Mr . Martin ' s statement , a conversation took place , and both the object and tlie mode hy which it was proposed to carry it out seemed to he generaUy approved by the meeting . Mr . H . C . MarshaUmoved , "That this meeting , having heard tlie statements of Mr . M . Martin relative to open mercantile intercourse with Japan , Corea , Cochin-China , and Siam , are of opinion that the subject is of great national importance , and hereby authorise his worship the Mayor of Leeds , on behalf of this meeting , to memorialise the Secretary of State for the Forei gn Department and the President of the Board of Trade , praying that her Majesty ' s government wiU adopt such measures as may he deemed advisable to establish a traffic with the four above-named countries .
It is reall y lamentable to observe the desperate and unscrupulous measures resorted to by the manufacturers and capitalists to secure markets and profits . Wecancallthis projected expedition to Japan and _theso other countries ,. nothing else but a revival of the old buccaneering expeditions , which for so long a period infested the Spanish Main . Why should we thus endeavour to entrap or to force nations into commercial intercourse with us , who wish to avoid all dealings whatever ? Far -wiser would it be if our statesmen and capitalists would devise the means of making a profita ble and steady market at home , rather than continue a wild-goose chase after foreign markets , which , so far , have- been of no permanent or certain advantage , to this country .
• * It has been a matter of considerable dispute whether Christianity or Commerce has done most towards what is called " civilisation . " We do not pretend to give an opinion as to the comparative merits of either , out , in conclusion , remark , that fire and sword appear to be the usual precursors of both . How far the people so " civilised" are benefitted thereby , is matter of doubt , or rather , looking at the effects otour own civilisation , of no doubt whatever .
How To Get New Markets. Mi'. Cobden Has ...
DEPOSITION OF THE RAILWAY KING-.
Thirty years ago , Thomas Gray of Leeds , after giving years of anxious labour and calculation to the subject , published a comprehensive and systematic plan of "Steam Land Carriage . " He memorialised Ministers , and urged upon Bankers , Merchants , and Capitalists of all descriptions the importance ofthe subject , at an enormous cost both of time and
money , hut in vain . The inventor of Railways was a " visionary theorist , " the shrewd " men of the world" would have nothing to do with such foolish and impracticable schemes . Worn out by fruitless toil , and Ms resources exhausted , Thomas G-ray was driven from the field , and lately died in poverty at Exeter . This is the treatment the world generally gives its best and truest benefactors .
A few years after the publication of his work , some more adventurous speculators proposed to try the plan on a small scale , and , after much difficulty and delay , the short railway between Manchester and Liverpool was constructed and opened to the public . Its success demonstrated the practicabilit y and utility ofthe ¦¦ visionary and impracticable scheme , " and forthwith capital was subscribed by the million for the purpose of laying down a network of iron lines over the face of the island .
Among other men whom this new state of things brought into public notice was Mr . George Hudson , a draper of Yoric , As chairman of a small line , connected with the North Midland , he exhibited such administrative ability that he was speedily solicited to occupy the same position on much larger lines . Success apparently attended all his proposals . The traffic on the lines with which he was connected augmented rapidly—dividends increased—shares rose in price— . and , ultimately , in consequence of the territory over which his operations extended , and the magnitude of
the capital under his direction , Mr . Hudson was dubbed the " Railway King . " It was believed that , in consequence of his speculations , he had realised an enormous fortune , and never was the proneness of our countrymen to worship Mammon more disgustingly exhibited than in his case . It was not confined to one class . . Notwithstanding Mr . Hudson's aptitude for railway management , he is what may fairly he called an uneducated man . His manner is coarse and unpolished . The vulgar affectation of eas _<\ and equality in aristocratic society is strikingly contrasted with
the equally vulgar , _purift-proud style of treating those who happen not to he " rich in this world's goods . " But in England gold is a mantle that covers all defects . The proudest of our ancient aristocracy jostled each other at the costly entertainments given in the large porter ' s lodge at Albert-gate , Hyde-park , and flattered the parvenu , whose blunders and habits formed the subject of laughter in thenown select circles . Ono of his spouse ' s , -boasts was for a long time a standing joke . Mrs . Hudson got her bigotry ( bijouterie ) from
Rome , and her virtue ( verlu ) from Paris . Tho middle classes showed their appreciation of the " new great man " in their own way . They got up a subscription to him for having been so lucky as to make a large fortune , and actually , we believe , presented some twenty thousand pounds to him on that account ! A subscription was started also for Thomas Gray , the inventor of that system which enabled shareholders to realise large dividends , and speculators to grow wealthy ; but in that case , alas ! the pounds were counted in tens , not thousands .
Time , however , brings round its revenges . This week , a lengthened report of a Committee , appointed to inquire into certain charges against Mr . Hudson ' s conduct , has made its appearance , which we apprehend will lead to the abdication or deposition of the Railway Monarch . The facts aro briefly as follows : — In 1845 , the York , Newcastle , and Berwick Railway Company , on tho advice of the Chairman , Mr . Hudson , agreed to purchase the Great North of England Railway for three millions and a-half , which was to be paid
on the 1 st of July , 1850 . Iu order to raise this money , and prepare for so large a payment , Mr . Hudson proposed the creation of a stock , for the purpose of diffusing it over several years . As soon as this new stock was created , the Directors came to a resolution or " understanding , " which , however , was not inserted in the minutes , that thc funds arising _li'om the stock should be appropriated to buying the shares of the Company iu detail , which it had been agreed to purchase as a whole . It was further agreed , that Mr . Hudson alone should have the management of the
purchases . It was , in fact , a case of debtors buying their own debts by way of discharging them—and it is not to be _woudcred at , that secrecy should have been resolved upon , nor is thero any objection to that part of the business . The charge is , that Mi ' . Hudson , having in the first place secured a power , never committed to writing , forthwith commenced to turn the transaction to his own account and profit individually . The plain course which the Chairman of a Company , acting as Trustee for the shareholders , was bound _^ to pursue , was to purchase , from time to timc _^ the shares at the lowest price he could get them at , and to charge such purchases , with the net expenses
attending them , to the Company . It appears , however , from the investigation ofthe Committee , that Mr . Hudson , anticipating most likely the powers he should receive , had commenced some short time before to buy , on his own account , at a low figure , a quantity of shares , which he afterwards sold at a very high price to tho Company , charging at the same time commission as a broker for doing so , and , in his capacity of Chairman ofthe York Union Banking Company , one-half more than ordinary brokers would have done . The total amount of excess , thus charged over what the shares should have cost , amounts to about £ 10 , 000 , which the Committee say Mr . Hudson should refund with interest . It
is curious , too , that the money by which he paid for the shares which he resold at a profit to the Company , was , in fact , thc money of the Company itself . On this point the Committee remark : — ' ' At the period when Mr . Hudson received the cheques fo £ S 1 , 0 G 0 ( 27 th October , 184 ( 5 ) , he himself could not liav paid more than about £ 25 , 001 ) on account of the purchas _* of these shares , although he might be called upon to mak a further payment of about £ 70 , 000 on the 30 th of October The effect of this would be , that the shares bought by Mr-Hudson on his own account , and sold afterwards at an enhanced price to the Company , were to a considerable extent paid for in the first instance with the money he had received from the Company ,
This was , as the " City men" say , rather " sharp practice , " and it was especially so under the circumstances in which Mr . Hudson was placed . The Directors gave him the most ample , _unlimited , and unquestionable powers . They signed cheques in his favour without giving themselves the trouble of asking for " value received . " The Secretary ofthe Company was also Mr . Hudson ' s private cashier , and altogether , it may he said , he was sole , uncontrolled , and unchecked manager of the Company ' s affairs . He and his private cashier disposed of its cash as they pleased . It was , therefore , anything but generous to repay such
implicit confidence in the manner it was , by jobbing in shares , and charging full commission and travelling expenses ' . by-the chairman of a company who was acting upon an " understanding" that he wm to " purchase as discreetly as possible" for the benefit of his constituents . From all that . appears on the face of this investigation , however , it appears that Mr . Hudson ' s great maxim in businessmatters was " nothing for nothing , " and , notwithstanding the munificent tribute in gold he had received , he was accustomed to " charge " pretty smartl y for travelling and all other expenses . Mr . HUDSON asserts , that he looks upon the
How To Get New Markets. Mi'. Cobden Has ...
transaction as perfectly regular , though his own conduct shows that he had serious doubts about it . Not , we dare say , about the desirability of retaining the money , but the possibility of doing so without detection . He , however , demurs to the conclusion ofthe Committee about refunding the excess with interest , and offers rather to take the whole ofthe shares back , with all the chances of immediate
or prospective loss upon them , and thus to cancel the whole transaction . This is the state of the matter at present . It shows , in a striking manner , the loose morality of our mercantile system , and opens up glimpses of the way of conducting business in high places , which is calculated to excite grave and general suspicion on the part of all who are connected with these Companies .
Contrast the caso of this once popular idol with that ofthe founder ofthe National Land Company . From the _commeacement ofthat Company , till the present time , Mr . O'Connor has given his time , attention , labour , and money to it , without fee or reward of any kind . In addition to the large sum he has expended in travelling upon its business , the Government Accountant reported , in the investigation by a Select Committee ofthe House of Commons , that he had , at that time , advanced nearly £ 4 , 000 ofhis own money , to carry on the affairs of tho Company , without either
interest or security . Yet wc are sorry to observe that—despite of this self-sacrificing devotion to the interests of thelabouring _classes— -despite the advantages which would arise fromthe completion of the plans of the Land Company—advantages wliich long and solid experience in other countries demonstrate beyond doubt or cavil—the working men make no effort commensurate with the integrity and exertions of their best friends , nor of the great and important object in view . The contrast between the manner in which Mr . O'Connor , the Manager ofthe Poor Man ' s Company , came out of the ordeal , with that of Mr . Hudson , the great idol of the middle and upper classes , ought , we
think , to stimulate the industrial classes to repose a thousand-fold increased confidence in the former , and to resolve that the plans ofthe Land Company shall no longer drag their slow length along , in the way they now do , for want of funds . In a short time , the decision ofthe Court of Queen ' s Bench may be anticipated respecting a mandamus to compel the Registration of the Company . The members ought to take advantage of the revival of trade to pay up their shares as far as possible , and provide the means of proceeding rapidly . Remember , " God helps those who help themselves , " and do not treat the Land Plan as the sceptics at first treated Thomas Gray ' s proposals for " Steam land carnage . "
How To Get New Markets. Mi'. Cobden Has ...
cable and , no doubt , the Lords finding the _Ser part supP _^ ov such a small _ug _rtg in Parliament , and opposed by a ¦ P _™« _£ party out of doors , will send it after that which has been already disposed of by its authors . These two measures are , as far _mkw see , all of a general character which tho Ministry have to propose this year . A number of smaller sectional measures , of various degrees of utility , or non-utility—as the case may be—have been talked about , and some ot
them will , no doubt , make their appearance , but , so far , this is all tlie national legislation our precious Cabinet propose for the year 1849 With these two exceptions , the rest ofthe Session has been one long debate about Ireland . It . commencedwiththeproposalto renew the Habeas . Corpus Suspension Act , and has continued ever since , down to thelast ' / palaver " on that roost ricketty and feeble of all propositions—the Rate in Aid . We should have no
objection to the time occupied hy these debates / if they lead , or were likely to lead , to any immediate beneficial result . But everybody admits—that is , everybod y who has not a seat on the Treasury benches , or who is no _$ bound by interest to its occupants—thattheMinisterial measures are not worth a rush . They may , if carried , aggravate the evils ofthat country . They may make "Ulster as discontented and disaffected as Connaught , but that they can either immediately or permanently improve the condition of the people , is not believed by any one who is acquainted with the country . Indeed , had it not been for the proposal of
Sir B . Peel , and the criticism it has elicited from Mr . Bright and other members , these Irish debates would have been a sheer waste of time . The Ministerial make-shifts may bo passed , because there are no better alternatives immediately available , but the true use ofthe discussions which have taken place , will be to ripen public opinion on the real and effective remedies whichmust be applied , and at the same time to concentrate that opinion in such a manner as that , at no distant date , the whole question shall be dealt with by statesmen who , comprehending it fully , possess at the same time the courage and experience to frame adequate and practical measures .
With respect to the condition of the labouring classes in this country , nothing has been said , and nothing has been proposed to he done . It might be supposed , from all that appears in Parliament , that they are and have been in a state of the highest prosperity and happiness . With the exception of the motion of Mr . Slaney for the appointment of a Committee to enquire into then * condition , upon which the House " counted out , " not a word has been said on the subject . The colonists of Van Diemens Land , of New South Wales , of Canada , Newfoundland , Guiana , and Ceylon ,
can make their voices heard , and have their grievances stated in both Houses of Parliament . Sugar interests , coffee interests , timber interests , cotton interests , railway interests , landed interests , money interests , —in short , propertied interests of all kindsare represented in our legislature , and watched over by persons who understand them , and whose own welfare is bound up in their prosperity . But the greatest interest of
all—the first and most valuable of all property —that which is the parent of all wealth—LABOUR , is unrepresented , unprotected , undefended by those who having felt the hardships of the labourer ' s lot , and studied the subject from the labourer's point of view , might be able to give a practical and beneficial direction to legislation . It is from the _absence of such men in our legislative halls , that the nonsense and specious abstractions which selfish traders have
invented to hide the true nature of the present plundering system from public gaze , pass unquestioned . It is a curious fact , and suggestive of grave considerations—that between the public opinion as expressed in Parliament , and that public opinion which exists among the producing classes , there is not the slightest identity or resemblance . There is as great a gulf between them , as that which was said to divide Dives and Lazarus . The capitalists who take the honey , and the labourers who
produce it , start from totall y opposite promises and principles in their reasoning , and come to as widely diverse conclusions . We are not now presuming to say which is right and which is wrong , hut merely calling attention to the fact , with the view of asking whether that representative system can be right or just which effectually excludes from utterance and advocacy the heart-cherished opinions and the fair representations of the millions whose labours make this country great and wealthy .
Until-such a change in the constitution of the People ' s Legislative Assembly as will cause it to reflect faithfull y every class in the empire , is made , it will be the sad duty of the political critic to continue such unsatisfactory strictures as those now made . Factious selfinterest and predominant imbecility will continue to waste the time , the energies , and the resources of the country . With overflowing and ample means for producing the highest prosperity and contentment , we shall only witness a continuous and progressively increasing developement of pauperism , crime , and wretchedness , The stream of legislation is tainted at its source . " Who can expect a clean from an unclean thing ? Not one . "
Parliamentary Review. , A Glance At Nine...
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . _, A Glance at Nine Weeks' Work . —Upwards of two months have elapsed since the Parliamentary Session of 1849 was commenced—that is , according to all probability , nearly one half of its duration . The late sittings and long speeches of last year disgusted both members aud the public , and this
year a visible improvement has been made in both respects . A Parliament sitting during the greater portion of thc year was equally obnoxious , and it is , therefore , likely that its length will he very much curtailed on that ground alone , even if the probability were not backed by the fact that the present administration are incapable of cutting but work for Parliament to do .
Before the re-commoncoment of its sittings , and while the curtain is still " down " on the first act ofthe Parliamentary Drama of 1849 , wo may appropriately avail ourselves ofthe recess to review the proceedings of the ante-Easter sittings . It Avill be remembered that the Ministerial programme , at the commencement of the Session , was unusually barren . Royal speeches have long been celebrated for the quality which the Scottish people appropriately term "dreigh . " But Lord John
Russell and his coadjutors succeeded in making that delivered this year " unco dreigh . '' Meagre , however , as was the promise , the performance has fallen short of it . On looking- back , we do not find a single complete measure of any importance . Tho ordinary routine votes of money have been taken . £ 50 , 000 has been granted to L'eland , which is already expended , with a cry for' more , which the Government Officials aro unable to satisfy , and there we may say , for the present , stops the recital of what has been done . Of more
permanent legislative measures , intended to affect the future character and the future policy of the nation , only two have been introduced . The first was the Parliamentary Oaths Bill , by which the _Peejiieb proposed to retrieve the defeat of his Jewish Relief Bill of last year , and admit the members of the Hebrew persuasion into Parliament through a kind of side door , having failed to open the main one . That measure , which was introduced and read a first time within the first
fortnight—feeble , temporising , and inadequate as it is—lias never been heard of since . Certainly , Lord John's colleague , Baron Rothschild , and tlie City of London , which elected both , have no very groat reason to be satisfied with his lordship's zeal or promptitude in _tliis matter ! But the measure which has this year been introduced , in lieu of that proposed in the first instance , is , in our opinion , a decided breach of the
understanding on which Lord John himself was returned I to Parliament by the City of London . It was , we believe , distinctly understood by all parties , that he secured the undivided support ofthe ' Liberalparty" at the last election , on the condition that he would use his power and influence , as first Minister ofthe Crown , to pass a Bill which _ihould complete the abolition of all legislative religious intolerance and exclusiveness , as far as admission into the House of Commons was concerned . We believe that this question was , in reality , the only one raised at that election in which the public took
tlie slightest interest . The Minister can scarcely be said to have fulfilled his share of the compact by which ho was sent to Parliament as the re 2 > resentative of the first city in the world , by the manner in which he acted last year .- A little more vigour and decision would , we are certain , have carried his Bill . As it was , he encouraged the opposition in the House of Commons , which delayed its passage so long that the Lords had a good excuse for throwing it out entirely , on the ground that they had not time to discuss so important a measure . Having thus failed in liis first attempt , however , ho should not have shown the
white feather on resuming the contest . To do so is , in fact , virtuall y to invite a second defeat . The hesitating , faint-hearted , and exceptional character of the propositions he has made this year , are such as to make the measure comparatively worthless in itself , to render the real and sincere friends of genuine religious equality lukewarm in its support and indifferent to its fate , and to encourage proportionately its opponents , who , no doubt , see that they may , with impunity , reject a measure which neither affirms a great principle resolutely , nor is supported with any amount of zeal or sincerity .
The Navigation Laws have formed the subjectof debates whichfull y bear out our frequently repeated impression , that the present Ministry are by no means in earnest in their professions for the modification or abolition of these laws . They would rather keep th em as they are , in order to maintain tho division of tho two sections of the Conservative party , which alone constitutes the tenure by which they hold office . But , even if they were in earnest , they do not know practically how to go about the work . Already they have , after long discussions , abandoned nearly one half of their measure , as being unbusinesslike and impracti-
Hospital Accommodation In London. —It Is...
Hospital Accommodation in London . —It is a remarkable fact that ia this densely populated metropolis , with its constant thousands of disabled and ailing poor , the hospital accommodation only comprises 3 , 500 beds , One half of that number are engrossed by surgical cases , a great proportion by acute cases of frightful accidents , fractures , broken hones , & c . ; and but a small and inadequate portion by chronic cases , since one-third ofthe deaths every year are from diseases of the heart and lungs .
These are just cases that become incurable if any delay take place in the application of the usual remedies . The hospital accommodation of London in respect to beds , notwithstanding the great wealth possessed by somo of the institutions , is not sufficient to meet one half of the demands of the indigent . St . Mary ' s Hospital , in Paddington , which is not yet completed , will , when opened ( in the course ofthe present summer ) , afford accommodation to districts containing 170 , 000 inhabitants , and beds for 400 patients .
_EaucTior . of ait Iron Lighthouse on the Irish Coast . —The foundation for an iron lighthouse , to be erected on the Fastnett Rock , about six miles from Cape Clear , has been completed , and its base filled up with solid mason-work , and secured with all possible care . It is nineteen feet in circumference , and it is intended to raise it to seventy-five feet to the summit of the lantern , fourteen of _« hich have been already completed . The summit of the rock barely affords space sufficient for the necessary sheds for the workmen . These sheds are _yery strongly constructed , and secured to the solid rock by massive chains , and seventeen persons take shelter therein , a large steam-vessel acting as a tender , and conveying stores and provisions thereto ; but such is the exposed situation of the rock , that for days together no communication can be kept up but bv a
leather bag hauled through the surf . The effect of the sea in a recent gale baffles all description ; all the sheds were filled with water , and one of them has been washed down—derricks and cranes , with other materials , swept off the rock , and a large anvil of three cwt . and upwards taken from its summit as if it were a feather ; and notwithstanding all that has been written about the height of a wave , the men affirm that the sea ran several feet higher than the roof of the tower before it broke , and that the waves thatpassed the rock out of breaking distance were far more than ten feet above their level , which was nearly 100 feet above high watermark . The foreman a very intelligent man , is now at _Crookhaven , _prel paring thestores for the spring , or fine weather . He has no apprehension as to the stability of the tower which 180 t cast . iron , in large pieces , and screwed
_Theses _oftK _^ , 0 _^ H < - " _-oway's _Pixm _.-enieXfdbrtle _^ fv } _^ sea 8 e aro var - ° « 8 , _» is often frStS tS _^' _- _*«» < J * em _, whereby the from some _-srecefllnt i ? 1 ! _"Pe ded ' ' or it may originate _rneinwLr toeff _^ fa C „ 0 niplaint- The Srst ** W *» be V _puriShe SSS * Tl 1 S t 0 rcmoTe au obstructions _suraraSnSl _« _^ ' ? to cause _fw discharge ofthe _PiSIJffl _aSh ) W _^/ ? 1 _i he bod - _> wh 3 ch _H _^ _c-way * _. _searehW _$ _^!? _*? ect * _*<* P ° ° ss such cleansing , _nattS _^ i _^ u _* _^ 8 _pwpertiei that the _Sicil _VSSSSOSi _^ JS _^^ u 8 afely teken
Hospital Accommodation In London. —It Is...
RECEIPTS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANy TOS IHB Week _Ending THURSDAY : , Apmn 12 , 1849 . SHARES . _f s . d . £ _s- - ear - r . _ifSSB _^ - m Rochdale 1 4 * via fi 8 Padiham .. 0 2 0 glQ b ° Boston , White 0 8 6 ' EXPENSE FUND » Belmont .. 0 2 0 Iveston .. 0 6 0 Nottingham .. 0 6 0 William Arnold 0 I « Clayton West .. 0 2 0 - Ilolmfirth .. 0 4 0 £ l *¦ ? TOTALS . Land Fund I f f J Expense ditto ... — i i c Boniis ditto . ... ... ••• " " j ? Loan ditto ... ••• _« 9 n Transfers ... ... ••• ' j | * JJ Returned Aid Money , & c . ... ... 26 0 0 £ 45 18 2 _^ _Ma-i- _^ _-Mna W . Dixon , C . Doub , T . Cubk , Cor . Sec . P . M ' Gjuth , Tin . Sec . EXECUTIVE FUND . Received by S . Ktdd . —Nottingham , per 3 . Sweet , 5 s . ; Keighley , the result of Mr . Kydd ' s Lecture , £ 1 ; _WUsden , 2 s . Gd . ; per W . Rider , Gd . Received hy W . Rides . — T . T _., Crewe , 3 d . ; M . Pish , Preston ( New Year ' s Gift ) , 3 d . M ' _DOUALL'S CASE-FOR WRIT OF ERROR , ( OB OTHEBWISE ) . Received hy W . Rider . —Haworth , per W . Greenwood , 6 s . 8 d . ; T . T „ Crewe , fid . ; Marylehone Locality , Os . 9 d . Stockport Chartists , per W . Benfold , 10 s . ; Blairgowrie , per J . Sawers , 3 s . ; Long Buckby , collected by H . Cooper and C . Leigh , 3 s . ; Royton _, per B . _'HorsfaU , 5 s . VERNON S DEFENCE , FOR MR . NIXON . Received by IV . Rider . —W . Parkinson , Freston , Is . FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received by W . _Eideb . —T . T ., Crewe , 3 d . ; W . _I-arldnson , _Treston , 2 s . ; N . Fish , Preston , Gd . ; Blairgowrie , per J . Sawers , 9 s . ; Long Buckby , collected by B . Cooper and C . Leigh , 7 s . VICTIM FUND . lleceived at Lasd Office—An Enemy to Oppression , £ 4 13 s . ; Female Chartists of Rochdale , 10 s . DEFENCE FUND . _Reccired by W . Rider , —Nottingham , per J . Sweet , Is . ; Ernest Jones Locality , per J . M'Yeigh , _* i _. NATIONAL VICTIM AND DEFENCE FUND . Received by J . Arnott . —A few Friends , Bramhope , per J . Arran , 10 s . ; Soworby Bridge , por Richard Holdsworth , 4 s . 8 d .,- _Totness _/ per W . Tanner , 5 s . ; Marylcbone , per G . Caudcry , 4 s . ; Westminster , per J . Grassby , 3 s . 6 d . ; Mr . Rider , as per Star , 18 s . Sd . ; 28 , Golden-lane , per T . Brown , 3 s . 3 d . ; South London Hall , per J . Duval , 10 s . ; Mr . fisher , Golden-lane , Cd . ; Land Office , as per Star , £ 5 3 s . S . B . —lt is especially requested that all monies due for tickets , or otherwise , be paid to tlie committee , at their next meeting , as a balance-sheet will be issued , in which the names of all defaulters will appear . Jons Anson , Secretary .
The Latent Foreign News. France.—-The In...
THE _LATENT FOREIGN NEWS . FRANCE . — -The Infamous War against the Press . —M . Duchon _, the director of Le Peuple , was convicted by default before the Court oi Assize of the Seine on Tuesday , for having published a seditious libel . He was sentenced to imprisonment for five years , and to pay a fine ot 6 , 000 / . This is the third conviction of the same person within the last four days . M . Delescluze , the editor of the Revolution De-7 nocraliqueet Sociale , was tried by the same Court for ' having published two articles calculated to excite hatred and contempt against the government of the republic . ' He was sentenced to imprisonment for three years , and to . pay a fine of 10 , 000 f .
The _Expvmion of an American Citizen . — Ih our second page we have stated that Mr . Brisbane , an American citizen , had been ordered out of France by the Minister of the Interior . ' That gentleman , ' _iays Le Peuple , ¦ had cominitted the unpardonable crime of attending some Socialist banquets . Farewell , oh ! my friend , ' adds that journal , ' we shall soon meet again . And you , M . Louis Buonaparte , when instead of confining yourself to a peaceable mission , you made Switzerland and England the scene of your pitiful Imperialist conspiracies , what would you hare said if you had been expelled from those countries , as you permit citizen Brisbane , tbe countryman of Washington and Franklin , to be expelled from France ?'
The Times correspondent writing on Tuesday says , The forty-eight hours have expired , and I believe Mr . Brisbane has not yet quitted Paris . The next account we may probably have of bim is that be bas been taken into custody . On Wednesday , M . Ledru Rollin called the attentibn of the National Assembly of France to lhe frequent intrusions of the police at electoral meetings ; and-begged to know , from the ministers , by what authority such _annoyances were enforced ? The Minister of the Interior justified tbe conduct of the government in sending the police to electoral meetings , by the powers vested in them by the laws of 1790 and 1848 . He proceeded to deliver a most _villanous and infamous speech , denouncing the real republicans .
M . Ledru Rollin delivered an admirable speech m reply , showing- that the government was treading in the steps of Louis Philippe . A great bustle was here observed to take place * and all the members were in motion to ascertain its cause . After aorae time , M . Marrast announced , in the midst of profound silence , that an assault bad been committed by M . Eugene Raspail on the per * son of M . Point ( tbe same whose deposition in the process at Bourges , against M . Raspail , the uncle of M . Eugene Raspail , did that personage so much injury ) , aud that he ( M . Marrast ) , as President of the Assembly , and charged with the observance oi
order in its proceedings , felt it necessary to take disciplinary measures against the culpable party , At this moment M . Baroche entered , and , & s public prosecutor , presented a demand to the President , that the Assembly should grant bim autho ' rity to prosecute M . E . Raspail for the assault . M . Mwrast having read the resolution , M . _Flocon rose , ascended the tribune , and demanded that tbe affair should be placed before the bureaux . This being pnt to the vote , was rejected . M . Raspail gave some explanations . He had struck M . Point , because the latter had looked at him through his lorgnon in an insulting manner : this M . Point denied .
A stormy discussion ensued , which terminated m the rejection of M . Flocon ' s proposition by a majo ' rity of ninety-five . The question for leave to prose cute was carried by an overwhelming majority . The discussion , which had been interrupted , was no « v resumed , when M . Odillon Barrot declared that the presence of the police at the _meeting alluded to was strictly in conformity with tbe law , as they attended merely to report the proceedings . The debate finally closed by the Assembly passing to the order of the dav , by a majority of 148 .
SPAIN . —Reported Death of _Cabrera-- ; - is stated in the' Constitutionnel , ' on the _author of a letter from Perpignan , * That a battle had taken place in Catalonia , between the Royalist Chief _Poland Cabrera , in which both generals were kil ) -- ' Other accounts scy that Cabrera took refuge ia 1 cavern , where he was found and put to death by _tw Miqueletes . ' We do not attach much credit to _W rumour , this ia at least the twentieth time that to-French papers haye killed Cabrera within the lasts ' months . .,
lTALY . —Some doubts are enterta ined , fo" _»* f on the correspondence from Turin , whether La . M _* mora had obtained possession of the whole city Genoa on the 6 th , according to the telegrap _^ despatch . Some of the letters , dated Turin , _i 0 th instant , say , that at the momen t of the f closing , some travellers had arrived from _oeo _^ stating that some of the forts then remaweo the power of the insurgents , who would not pitulate * meB t Siege of Genoa . —A sanguinary - _^ _L-jg has been going on in Genoa for two day 3 ' ? D 0 S iwhich the troons hA . l _oaWd some imP oltaI ! Ah .
tions . The city defended itself with incredibi _^ stinacy ; priests and women had taken a pa ' _^ defence of the barricades . No troops coui _^ penetrated into the town without being _« - »» fot the stones that had been collected in the how _^ that purpose . Shells and cannon balls _»» . _,, stroyed several houses and severely _dauttg _™ _^ _^ In the hospitals several patients have been _^ by projectiles ; several ships in the barDOu also suffered . _, v _tf RECOMMENCEMENT OF THE _/ _*; ( t 0 ta S 1 C 1 LY _.-Hokbibi , e AraocmES 1-A W » _^ Messina says the Neapolitans have a _* Joci , j £ 5 . menced . committing tuft most awful * _^ Several villages have been entirely dest roy _^ men , women , and children , bayoneted o ) _^ diers . It is dreadful to think that sucu should be permitted in civilised _E-WP _*
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 14, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_14041849/page/4/
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