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Suode*** Death.—On Saturday last, Mr. H....
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Destructive Fire. — Chatham. -- * • Duri...
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Fatal Accident at Penydarra** *.—On Satu...
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The Harvest.—The past week was most favo...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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¦. ¦:: .* , ¦ > ¦ • ««, ¦ Ad ____— Septe...
¦ . ¦ :: . _* , ¦ > ¦ «« , ¦ ad _____— September 15 , 1849 . 6 THE NORTHERN STA _^ __ - ,. _..-- _—¦—¦ _.. — - _. _—^
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V8fs!-&L8g Mm - 0n ™ S« -. P A Saturday ...
_V 8 FS ! _- _& l 8 _g - 0 N _™ _« - . P Saturday evening a long inquiry took place oeiore Mr . Laugham , the deputy coroner for "Westminster , at the Westminster House of Correction , copeeramg the death of Joseph Williams , aged tumy-ave _, who died irom an attack of Asiatic cholera . Mr . Tindall Atkinson , barrister , and Mr . fetch .. solicitor , of Northampton-street , Holborn , attended on behalf of the friends ofthe deceased to _jat-h the proceedings . Tliere _were also numerous - " frteiids ofthe deceased present , who appeared to take a deep interest ia the inquiry . From the evidence ofthe various warders attached to the prison ,
it appeared that the deceased had been lately sereral times under medical treatment . On Tuesday he complained of pains in his head , and tho resident surgeon prescribed for Mm . On the following morning , between three and four o ' clock , he was suddenly attacked with violent vomiting , purging , and cramps in his stomach . He was speedily removed to the infirmary , and tbe usual remedies being applied , he appeared to be going on favourably until Friday morning , when he c _** nipiained of pains in his hack , and , at his request , his bed was re-made , but whilst in the act of being placed in it , he fainted . Mr . Lavies . who had just left the prison , was instantly sent for , and ou his arrira ! in about twenty minutes , he found the deceased quite dead .
_KinssAit , oue of the warders , stated that on the 1 st of July the deceased was reported for repeated acts of disobedience , for which he was ordered to be locked up for three days with a diet of bread and "water . In answer to questions hy Mr . _Atkixson , the witness _^ aid , that he discovered the deceased in the act of secreting some letters behind the bedstead belonging to another prisoner in a different cell . The letters were addressed to another prisoner in the same prison , who was also suffering imprisonment for a simiLr offence . Mv . Chee . the deputy governor , said , one of the warders , who had to give evidence was not in the prison , and would not return for some time .
Mr . Atkinson * ( addressing the coroner ) said , Sir , I have to request an adjournment of the inquiry ; for , if I am informed correctly by deceased ' s friends , the ease may turn out to be _somothiug very different from cholera , as there is yet much important evidence to lay before you . Tl _. e ConoSEB . —I will most certainly adjourn the Inquiry , for it is due to the friends ofthe deceased , and tothe public generally , that the most searching _investigation shonld take place . The inquest was then adjourned until Monday . MONDAY . —The inquest was resumed this afternoon . . . _
Williau Biles ' , having been sworn , deposed : am a warder , and received the _decsased into my charge on the 4 th of July . He continued under me tall the Ut of September last . Thc deceased had very bad health during that time . Had never _complah-ed to him but once of being ill . On the 28 th of August la « t deceased complained to him of a pain ia the bowels . He was _prr-perly attended tohaving received medicine about two hours after he complained of illness . The surgeon saw him , and sent him the medicine alluded to , soon after this deceased said he was better . He was at that time tinder solitary confinement , and bread and water diet . He had previously been under solitaiy confinement and bread and water diet . The doctor saw
him the day after tbat , which was Thursday , the 23 th of August , and ordered some gruel . He had nothing else by the doctor ' s orders . On the 30 th ult . _"Wil'iams said he felt himself quite well , and did cot want to sea the surgeon . Deceased so _expressed Mmself . Had not heard deceased complain again while under his charge . The solitary confinement began on the 26 th of August , aud was to have continued six days . Deceased recovered on the 29 th , and then heyras again replaced iu solitary confinement , and the bread and water dietary was reimposed . The solitary confinement ceased on the 3 st of September , and he then appeared to be quite ¦ well . Williams was placed in solitary confinement for breaking the rules of the prison . 1 do not know
how . This was done by Mr . Cree ' s orders . Air . Cree received his orders in the usual way , from the governor of the prison . The magistrates sentenced Williams to solitary confinement . His diet was bread and water . Deceased did not have bread and water only during the whole of the six days . He was ill during the time he was in solitary confinement . He remained there whilst he was ill . The diet was changed oa the 2 Sth of August , because he complained of a pain in the bowels , on which occasion he had some gruel for supper- After deceased said be was better the gruel was stopped , and he was placed upon bread and water again , until tbe
expiration of his solitary confinement , when he was released . He said he felt quite well then . I asked deceased on his liberation from my custody , " if tbe diet had affected him ? " when he said "No ; " he felt quite ' -veil . That was on the 1 st of September . De . p _; scd had , whilst in solitary confinement , two hours aVowed hiin for exercise each day—one in the ¦ morning , aBd one in the afternoon . The magistrates _regul-ue the length of time for which prisoners are placed in solitary confinement ; but the surgeon regulates the kind of diet they are to receive . I believe that the deceased was , generally speaking , a healthv and robust man .
By Mr . Atkisson * . —The surgeon ordered decease' au extra loaf daily . I am not aware that this was done because he was in a weak state of health . I never heard deceased complain of being ill before the 23 th of August . He was allowed to take his usual exercise whilst in solitary confinement . Was not allowed to see any of the other prisoners during that time . He was not made to work during any porthnofthesix days ; nor at any other time so Ions as the five shillings due weekly , to exempt him from pic ' ung oakum , was paid at the proper time . I do net know , but I think deceased refused to pick oakum that was given him _because the money had * not arrived . I cannotsay exactly thithewas placed in _s-j'itarv confinement because of his refusal to pick
oakum . I believe deceased _reru * e"i to pick some oakum given to him . He was not strictly confined _accor- 'ing to the rules of the prison , b . 'cause he was allowed exercise . Was not allowed to speak whilst on exercise . Was on the separate system . The surgeon saw him , and ordered his diet as f jllows : — Three meals per day—six ounces of Iread for each fatal , and as much water as he could drink . This was the only time deceased had beea under solitary confinement as far as I can recollect . I do not know what sort of looking man deceased was . I never noticed him from any other prisoner . As far as my _recoli-c'ion serves me be was stout and robust with a sallo ? - complexion . I have not seen him sinco the 1 st of September . Deceased only had gruel one day for dinner , whilst in solitary confinement .
Thomas Ciue _, examined . —I am the deputy governor ofthe prison . I remember the deceased , 3 o _* -ej > b Williams . On Saturday , ihe 25 t * n of August , I gave him ( ace ;*! -ling to orders received from the governor ) a pound of oakum to pick . The reason why the oakum was giv-m to him was _because the 5 _s . * n ! l '! wed by deceased ' s friends weekly , to exempt him from labour , had not been paid . The 5 s . had not bee : * pnid since the 11 th of Ausnst . Deceased ' s -Menus * : ad been in the habit of paying as . per week . I received my directions from the governor of the prison . All convicted prisoners , not j-entenced to hard hhour , can bc exempted from picking oakum by the payment of 5 s . per week . I was present on the 30 ! h If August whin the governor visited Joseph
Willi : _i-., is . The governor visited deceased to see _whttwev _h- * - woTdil like to go on "with the oakum pic-kin * :, ; _-t ihe same time telling him that if hc won . 'd prefer doing so , he might hc immediately released from solitary confinement . D . ceased again refused to pick oakum , but asked tlie permission of the gover- or to write a letter to his wife . His request was ' Oir . piied with . On the four following days "Williams was asked each day if he would pick oakum , and _tacli time declined doing so . The magistrates have the power to sentence any . prisoner to solitary confinement for breaking the rules of the prison . The i ! i _** _£ istrat _** s sentenced Williams io six days solitary -. oniinement . Deceased refused to pick the oakum lef _.-re the magistrates . He told the magistrates he could not pick oakum .
By Mr . _Atkixso-V . —I am sure he said to the -magi - . ' . rates that "he could not do it ; for hehad tried it afew days after hc first came in the prison , and found _himst-lf unequal to the task- " Deceased had gained in weight since he had been in the prison . I think he-had only been ill once before tbe 1 st ot September during the timo he had been confined in the prison , whrn he was in the Infirmaiy . I do not "know what was the matter with him ; it might have been an . attack of rheumatism . I considered _de-^ _-eased a healthy man generally . I cannot say ¦ whether he had a strong constitution . He was pale aud sail nv in the face . I cannot say whether deceased was inclined to be consumptive . 1 do not knor that he had a cough . In all cases convicted _-jrisf-i-e-s , _i . ot s nte . _** ced to hard _laliour , are made to work _at-S ' _-me kind of labour _» . r other .
Mr . Lavies , ( _suVgeon to the prison , ) was next _esa : ;* ned . —1 saw deceased _whtu he first came into the pri *; - *) -,. To the best of my recollection he was in good _h' -aldi . I find by reference to my books that he was i _* _i a good state of health at that time . I have suen him daily s-ince . Considired him to he a rather short , stout man . Ue was pal * , but tbat 1 atti-i- _srfc-. _l to his oc :-apat : on as a taker . He had _beeul-lu ? _vhcuuiu ' qsia in the May of this year , hut ailed nothing before that time or / since until lately . Deceased was in the infirmary one month through an attack of •• rheumatism , namely , from the 21 st of _Jdsy to the 22 nd of June , when he was discharged , < _jui" ; _e well . I allowed him a pint « - * f beer every day for a week after his discharge from the infirmany . Deceased's last illness - commenced on-the -ith of September , after his release from solitary _confinement . He then csmplained of disordered bowels . Tiie _reiideat medical officer attended Mm ia the
V8fs!-&L8g Mm - 0n ™ S« -. P A Saturday ...
_afternoouofthe 4 thult . Some medicine was administered to him , _aud-the diet changed . At eight o ' clock in the evening of the same day I was sent for to see the deceased , who at that period felt worse , and vomited a great deal in my presence . I then ordered deceased to be taken to the infirmary , which was done , aud I immediately placed him again under active treatment . 1 saw " him again at half-past nine , and again at nine the next morning , the 5 th ult ., when he was a little better . I saw him again at noon , aud at half-past nine in the evening . Tbe collapse waa then going on . I did not see him again alive . Deceased was always very restless during his illnes 9 , and continually wishing to get up . I told him several times that it wa 3 necessary be should be kept in a horizontal position ; but hc took
no notice of mv instructions , _andieucatedly changing his position . I considered it indispensable to his cure that he should lay in the position I ordered . " I attribute _deceased ' a death enU ' reZy to the _circuinstanee of his refusing to obey my orders . " He died in a state of syncope in consequence of an attack of Asiatic cholera . I had seen Joseph Williams previously to his being attacked with choleta . I did not think it necessary to make a post mortem examination ofthe body ofthe deceased ; being quite satisfied that Asiatic cholera was the cause of death . I remember the deceased having been in solitary confinpmont for three davs . beeinnins from the 1 st oi
Julv 1849 ; and know that he was placed in solitary confinement for six days , from the 26 th of August to lhe 1 st of September . On that occasion 1 thought the deceased was capable of bearing solitary confinement , and of being placed upon bread and water diet . Otherwise I should have interfered . I saw deceased every day during the time he wa 3 in solitary confinement . On the 28 th ult . he complained of a pain in his bowels and head , when I ordered some gruel for his dinner , and likewise some medicine . I attended kim every dayduring his last illness accord ing * to the custom of the prison . I do not think tbat his Vein ? put on bread and water diet rendered him at all liable to he attacked hy cholera .
By Mr . Atkisso _* -j . — This was not the first case of Asiatic cholera that had been in the prison . The first case happened in July . The number of cholerft cases , extending from the 1 st of July to the 31 st of August , has been limited to seventeen , principally among the male prisoners . Deceased was very wayward and self-willed . He had refused several times during the illness which had caused his death , to take the medicine I sent him , and had also disobeyed my instructions about lying in a certain position . I do think it was neces-ary that he should have laid in the position I have described , to enable me to eradicate the disease . He had books allowed him under
the silent system . I do not think that placing deceased upon bread and water diet tended to produce the cholera . I ordered him an extra loaf in the afternoon , because he complained of flatulence previous to the arrival of tbe meal time , which was five o ' clock . I never discontinued the practice of allowing hira the extra loaf , only when he was in solitary confinement . I know that bread and water produces constipation . I do not know of any case where constipation of the bowels produced cholera . The _Coronek . —Then , Mr . Lavies , I am lo under _stand that the deceased died through his own imprudence in not obeying your orders ?
Mr . Lavies . — -Yes . And I beg to state , explicitly , that it is my opinion that the deceased's own conduct brought on the cholera , which caused death . The Coroner , having intimated to Mr . Atkinson that this concluded ths- evidence he had to produce , the latter gentleman called upon William Williams . —I am the father of the deceased , Joseph Williams . I am a shoemaker , and live at No . 12 , IJalf-moon-street , _Bishopsgate-streefc without . I saw the deceased ou Wednesday last . I went into his cell . He appeared iu a very low state . When I asked him how he was he did not answer for about a minute , when he said he was very ill from starvation . He told me he had suffered solitary confinement for six days . Whilst I was there the attendant gave deceased about half a quartern of soda water , because he said he was sick . My son told me " that they . " meaning the doctor and attendants , " told him he was suffering with cholera , but it was no such thing , it was starvation and cold , and not cholera . "
The Coroner then summed up , recapitulating the _principal _pirts of thc evidence , and called upon the _ju * y to give a verdict in accordance with the opinion of the _surgeon . The court was cleared , aud after about half an hour's _delibe-ation the jury returned the following verdict : — -- * That the deceased died in a state of faint , caused by Asiatic cliolera ; and the jury recommend that ths change of diet to bread and water for so long a period should be discontinued . " The deceased ' s wife , and several ofhis friends were present during the inquiry , and seemed to feel very deeply at the _difli-rent portions of Mr . Lavies' evidence , referring to the cause of death . The inquiry lasted nearly three hours .
Suode*** Death.—On Saturday Last, Mr. H....
Suode *** Death . —On Saturday last , Mr . H . M . Wakley held an inquest at the Devonshire Arms , Howley-crescenfc , Kentish-town , on Mr . John Medley , a retired tradesman , aged 62 , who dropped suddenly dead . The body became so offensive within two hours after death that it had to be coffined and screwed down . —The coroner , addressing the medical witness , said : " I have lately observed the bodies , no matter what the disease might have been of which deceased died , become putrid and offensive immediately after death . Can you assign any cause for it ?"—The medical gentleman replied : " I have observed a similar change in dead bodies , which 1 attribute to thc state of the atmosphere , and the diseased condition ofthe blood before death . " Tho jury returned a verdict of " Xnlural death . "
Fatal Accidest . —On Sunday afternoon , between four and five o ' clock , a wherry , containing Mr . J . Bryden , of 91 , Bagnigge-wells-road , his wife { daughter of Mr . Lai-Haw , Lambeth-walk ) , and two young women who had acted as bridesmaids ( the parties having only been married that morning ) , was proceeding up the river towards Putney— T . Laidlaw , brother to the bride , having the management ofthe boat—when about midway between Battersea and Wandsworth it came across the mooring-chain of a barge which was then at anchor ; thc females in alarm rose up from their seats , and instantly the boat overturned , and the whole party was immersed in the water . The people on board the barge succeeded in res < iuin _« Mr . Bvydea and one of the females ; young Laidlaw saved himself by clinging to the " mooring-chain ; unfortunately , tiie bride , and Mary Ashdown , one of thc bridesmaids , sunk and were drowned . Drags were used , but the bodies were not recovered ior some hours .
Suffocation * is a Fwuk-Mill . —On Saturday last , an inquest was held by Mr . Baker , at the White Swan , High-street , Wapping , on view ofthe body of Watler Stevens , aged 10 years , who was suffocated in the flour-mills of Messrs . Pavitfc and Co ., Execution-dock Wapping . On Friday forenoon deceased was in the mill , which was put in motion by steam power , when he jumped off the stage into the hopper , which is a sort of well , into which the meal fell from the mill . He exclaimed " I can't get out . " The mill was stopped as quickly as possible , but deceased was soon covered with the meal , and was suffocated before he could be extricated . Mr . Henry , a surgeon , was called in , but he was unable to restore the vital functions—Verdict , " Accidental death . "
_& _t _*» _d- £ _* s Deaih oi ? a _Brano-a is Gaol . — On Saturday last , an inquest at llorsemonger-lane Gael , hefore W . Carter , Esq ., coroner for Surrey , on _Geirard Henri Ecrsselaers , aged 5 G . It appeared from the evidence of Mr . Keene , the governor ofthe gaol , that the deceased had been confined there for debt since thc 22 nd of February ,. 1848 . —A fellow-prisoner ofthe deceased deposed that on the previous Tuesday morning they were in conversation together , when the deceased was in perfect health . ' They were speaking of Manning , as the van in which Manning and his wife were placed waB going out of the prison-yard at the time to the Southwark police-office . The deceased seemed rather anxious to sec them . About half an hour
afterwards the witness returned to the room occupied by the . deceased , when he discovered that he had fallen down in a fit , and that his head was resting on the bed . nc was nearly insensible . An alarm was given , medical attendance was provided , and every attention was paid , but the deceased died in a few hours . When thc witness first saw the deceased in the fit , the latter said , " Oh , don ' t be afraid , it ' s not cholera . " The witness , to use his own expression , considered the deceased to bo of an iron con . stitution . —Mr . Harris , the surgeon to tho gaol , gave his opinion thatthe death of the deceased arose from apoplexy , and proved that everything possible had been done for him . — The jury gave a verdict of" Xatural death . "—Mr . Watson , jun ., of Lincoln ' s-inn , who had acted professionally for the deceased , attended , and stated that he believed he had been a merchant , and that thc father of the deceased had been a merchant of large property in Belgium .
FaTAL ACCIDEXT AT THE I . ONDOX AXD NoRTH Western Railway . — On Tuesday Mr . II . M . W :. k ! ey held an inquest at the University College Hospital , on Robert Sheikelkd . late a waggoner in the employ of Messrs . Pickford , aged 30 . Ths evidence was exceedingly coflicting and unsatisfactory . It appeared the deceased had been engaged on the railway , near the Camden-town Goods Depot , _1-iosenips *; the tarpaulin that covered the roods truck- " _, when the men , eighteen in munber . who were behind Lhe trucks to push them forward , hallooed , as a
signal for all in front of the trucks to get out of the way , before they drove the trucks forward . The truths had just received the first push forward , when _deseased was seen to stagger and fell ou his back _. The men rushed to his assistance , buthewas speechless , and could only point to his breast . In n , few seconds blood gushed from his mouth and nose , and he expired just as they placed him on a stretcher . It was supposed that when be heard the man halloo he attempted to cross in front ofthe trucks , when one of the buffers knocked him down . _Hadhe remained
Suode*** Death.—On Saturday Last, Mr. H....
bet veen the trucks he would have been safe .-1 he Coroner inquired what time elapsed between the _signal given bv the men hallooing , and tliejmshmg of the trucks?—Mr . Barker , the superintendent , renlied that they were simultaneous . * The coroner andiury expressed a wish that he should inform those in authority that it was their opinion hat a certain time should elapse between the men hallooing and their pushing the trucks , to afford an oppovtumty to those in danger to getout of he way . A non-compliance with their desire , would , observed the coroner _nlace the company in an awKward position it another death from theisame cause occurred . Mr . Barker promised to Jay before the company the desire _expressed by the court . A verdict in accordance with theabove _eVidencewas returned . .
A Keeper Murdered _bt a Maniac—On Monday evening Mr . H . M . Wakley held an adjourned inquest in the Kensington Workhouse on Murice Pickett a keep er over the lunatics in the workhouse , aged 62 . On tbe 27 th ultimo William Wheeler , a dangerous lunatic , was admitted to the workhouse . He was so desperate that the strait-jacket and leg bolts had to be put on . The following Friday morning John Holden , an assistant , was awoke by a noise in the lunatic ward , when he saw Wheeler a _* -raed with a blackthorn stick , and struggling with another lunatic . Heinstautly hurried to deceased ' s bed , whom he found insensible , and covered with blood , lie then called the watchman . The moment the latter entered Wheeler rushed at him with the stick , but the watchman overpowered and secured him . Wheeler had by some means got rid ofhis strait-jacket
and bolts . As soon as he was secured , the deceased was removed to the infirmary , and attended by Mr . Runney , the house surgeon , but , although everything was done to save him , he died on Monday the 3 rd instant . Wheeler was conveyed to the Peckham Asylum , where he still remains in a most violent state , threatening destruction to all around him . Mr . Runney opened the head of the deceased , and found an extensive fracture of the skull , from which eight splinters had heen extracted . There were other wounds on the body , but the fracture of hisskuU caused death . Although there was no moral doubt that the maniac had killed deceased , still , in the absence of positive evidence , the jury returned the following verdict : — - _* Deceased died of a fracture of the skull , but by wbom caused there was no evidence to prove . " ...
SuicmE . —Mr . W . Carter , the coroner , hold an inquest at the King ' s Arms Tavern , St . George ' sroad , Camberwell , on the body of Mary Caruthers , aged 63 years , who committed suicide under the following circumstances :-It appeared that the _deceaseuwas the widow ofa compositor , residing at Camberwell . She was a very timid person , and had an idea that she would die from the cholera , or be reduced to the workhouse . On Saturday , about noon , the deceased left her daughter ' s house to take a walk , while the latter , prepared dinner . She passed the halfpenny hatch-gate at the Peckham Canal-house , asking her way to the Walworth-road . She walked on until she reached tho King ' s Arms bridge , where it is supposed she leaped in , for one of
the officers who was going past had his attention drawn to a female ' s head moving in the water : ho raised an alarm , when the _drags were brought to tho spot , and in a few minutes tho body was dragged on shore and removed to the receiving house at the above named tavern , where tho usual remedies were administered to restoreanimation , but life was quite extinct . Thvee-3 hiUings and sixpence and a small comb were found in her pocket , but no paper or writing was to be discovered that would decidedly account for the act . The coroner remarked on the case , and the jury agreed to a verdict of " Temporary insanity . ' Wilful Murdf . b of an Infant . —By Mr . H . M . Wakley , at tho Three Jolly _Gavdeuevs ,
Uaxamevsmith , on view of the body of a fine full grown male child , which was found immersed in a water closet in the Mall , Hammersmith . Jano Itobin , a married woman , residing next door to the Ship Tavern , on the Mall , deposed that about eight o clock on Monday evening last , she discovered the body of the deceased in the pan in the water closet , at the back of her house . She called in a police constable who had somo difficulty in extricating the body , in consequence of the head being jammed tightly in the pipe , which clearly proved that considerable force must have been used to place the deceased in that position . The deceased appeared to havo been dead several days . The witness added that the water closet in question was accessible to any
person by a passage at the side of the house leading from the Chiswick steam-boat pier . On the previous Thursday evening , a tall female of a dark com . plexion , dressed in half-mourning , waited in witness ' s shop for upwards of two hours , and she stated that she " expected to meet her sister who was going to town by the steam-boat . She had a bundle in her possession whieh she endeavoured to keep concealed , and after she returned in the water closet ( the one in which the deceased was found ) , witness noticed the bundle to be considerably smaller than when she first saw ifc . She appeared
very ill , and said she had come from Turnhamgreen . In answer to a question from the coroner , the witness said it was possible for the body to have been in the water closet sinco Thursday . —Mr . Itoyal , surgeon , said he had made a post mortem examination of tho body , and found congestion of the brain and heart , which was produced \ by suffocation . From the appearance of the body / he had no doubt but that the deceased was forced down tho water closet alive . —The coroner , after hearing some further evidence , summed up , andthe jury returned a verdict of " Wilful murder against some person or persons unknown . "
Health of _Iosdox _nvnisa ins Week . — The bills of mortality were commenced in the reign of Queen Elizabeth ; and ever since the year 1603 naro been published by authority in London . In this respect the-English metropolis stands alone ; no weekly tables of tho causes ofthe death of every inhabitant are published in the capital of any other European state . Various motives for the measures have heen assigned ; but tho fact of continuous publication from a period anterior to tho appearance of newspapers and gazettes , is remarkable and characteristic . It may bo fairly referred to the natural inclination of the Englishpeoplc , when they are in trouble , to know the truth , and to see in figures the precise extent of their losses : although
at times the sight might well make the courage of the bravest quaft . On the continent '' precautions have been used , " in publishing the mortality of cholera in 1849 ; and the deaths from all causoi havo nofc yet been mado known . The parish clerks of London , in the seventeenth century , when the plague was at its height , counted the deaths , and recorded their supposed causes , and tho citizen , when the death-cart traversed the streets , anxiously studied tho bill , surrounded by its gloomy symbolical border , announcing 8 , 297 deaths in a week , out of a population of GOO _. OOO . In the hands of Price , _Eeberdcn , Willis , Bateman , and other statists , these records have disclosed the laws of mortality , and the causes of the insalubrity of the
present cities . One of their immediate advantages , however , is the evidence which they furnish that the most fatal and threatening plagues go through , with some pertubations , certain prescribed orbits ; and after raging for a given number of weeks , disappear . Plague , influenza , and cholera have been vanquished before , and to despair now would bo as unreasonable as ifc was in the beginning of tho year to deny that the cholera epidemic was impending . Those officers who are struggling with the triumphant enemy under every disadvantage will yet ho victors , for if they have art they bave also na ' turc on their side . The mortality in the week ending Saturday . September Sth , declined in tho west and cast districts of London , and increased slightly in the north
and central districts , so that the deaths registered ( 1 , 741 ) on the north side of the Thames were nineteen less than in the previous week . It was otherwise on the south side ofthe river , wero the deaths in the week were 1 , 442 ! Tho total deaths registered in London wero 3 , 183 ; of males , 1 , 460 ; females , 1 , 723 . The deaths of females exceeded the loath of males by 263 ; tho reverse of the usual proportions . The deaths from cholera were 2 , 026 numbers decreased in the districts of Shoreditoh ' Bethnal-green , Whitechapei , Stepney , Westminster ' - increase-1 m Bermondsey , St . George Southwark ' _^ ewiiigton , Lambeth , Wandsworth , Camberwell ' , and Rotherhithe . The epidemic , which had been partially subdued , broke out again with terrihlo
violence in Lambeth , where 279 persons died of cholera m the week . Mr Dawes , one the registrars of Lambeth , who has made careful inquiries on the subject , says : "At least half the cases I have _registered were allowed to proceed unchecked until the most alarming and dangerous symptoms had manifested themselves ; but lately more circumsp ection seems to have been used . Kevertbeless the cases are still numerous iu which persons seem ( from the painless nature of the attack ) to be unconscious how _highly necessary it ia that immediate attention should be paid to it . " People are so much accustomed to associate danger exclusively with pain , that the most fatal symptom unaccompanied by pain is neglected . They must , however be taught to look upon painless diarrheca with ' the anxiety that people in thc plague looked upon thc swellings , called token—which were also
painlesshut with less fear ; for the premonitory symptom now seems to be sent not so much to announce death as to give timely warning , and to call attention to that stage of the malady in which mcdicir . o can heal . As medical skill is ox most avail at the beginning and end ofa fever , as tho effect ofthe engines is most conspicuous at the outbreak and end of a conflagration , and as most energy is demanded when the wreck nears the . shore , so it is j n an eni demic ; which , if it has not been checked at first may yet be cut 3 hort , and combatted with effect ' as it declines . None of tbe measures of relief in -mv district should -therefore be discontinued , but bo prosecuted with redoubled vigour , until it has been _srssrPSo . " - , tocis *'' * - _*«
Suode*** Death.—On Saturday Last, Mr. H....
_T ,. _» Firework Manufactory . — _Explosios or . r i _«¦ Monday afternoon Betwee nJour and five o ctock on _J _^^ . descnbable alarm _oy _» _. t t 6 tbeir foundation _, shook the _!« 5 J 3 g £ occurred at the house It was soon asce _^ _"fj _^ ofa man named Jones , *!™ bottm flf i _„ g at No * 1 , Duel _mwton pug . iteKen 3 w . to the not , _whenrt was louu air , very little tionhad beenblown- _«»»^ _OT , o _int _^ oooupation of Mr . Wean . _T _^ _e _X division , was in prompt _sasfes _asSvq *« _si . a Tones wS however , soon found to be uninjured ; but Mrs 'Ss , ffi wife . _wasgotoutafiightful . _pectMo . be ne completely blackened from head to foot , and SSmi nmi over the head and body . She was imm _dktely conveyed on a stretclier to the Kensington wWkhouse wrapped up in a hlankethy the police _.
, fan itwas almost impossible that shecould survive the night . No . 3 , in the occupation of Mr , Sparks , is also injured ; and so powerful was the _^ explosion ba the roof of No . 1 , was carried off , and fell on the work-hops ef Mr . Walter , at the back ofthe houses in Young-street , leading to Kensington-square , and completely destroyed them .. The parish engine and the brigade eng ines from town were in prompt attendance , but their services were not required , Mrs . Martha Jones , the wife of Mr . William Jones , died in Kensington workhouse at two o clock on Tuesday morning . The unfortunate woman had both eyes blowutand was otherwise most frightfully injured .
n o , Mr . Jones is also very severely burned on the face ami one of his arms .. He had not a minute before returned home , and had got no further than the passage , when the first explosion took place upstairs , and was followed by others in the house , and he was buried in the ruins , from which he , with great difficulty , extricated himself , _although he was close to the door . The second house is nearly destroyed , and No . 3 . is in a very dangerous state , the walla heing cracked . The premises are insured , but Mr . Jones and the other residents of the houses are uninsured . Mr . Jones still remains at the Kensington workhouse in a very doubtful . state . .. ' * bout
Destructive Fire . —On Sunday morning , a three o ' clock , a fire broke out upon the . premises belonging to Mr . Trott , a- builder ,. carrying on business in Primrose-street , Bishopsgate . The flames commenced from some cause , which could nofc be ascertained ,, in the ironmongery stores , a building of some magnitude , and separated from the City of London Theatre by only a few feet . Policeconstable 245 G , who first ; discovered the fire , raised an immediate alarm ; and in the course of a few minutes tho engines of the parish , London Brigade , and West of England attended , as well as one of the Royal Society ' s escapes . The flames , however , had during the brief interval obtained the entire possession of that portion of the premises in
which they commenced , and were rushing so nerceiy through thc roof as to threaten the theatre with destruction . Fortunately there was an abundant supply of water obtained from tbe firemains in the district , from which the engines wero worked witb full vigour for some considerable time before the least impression could be mado upon the fire , but owing to the strenuous exertions of the firomen the flames wero prevented from extending to the theatre and other surrounding property , but they could not bo extinguished until the shores were burned out , and the premises under , in the occupation of Mr . Johnson , grocer and coffee-roaster , were seriously damaged by water . The origin of the fire is unknown . Mr . Tvottw & sfovtovatcly insured inthe Phoenix Fire-office .
Alarming Fire and Probable Loss of Life .- — On Monday morning about three o ' clock a fire , nearly attended with loss of life , occurred on the premises in the occupation of Mrs . Storey , No . 26 , Bromleyplace , iu the Commercial-road , East . The flames commenced on the first floor front , but from what agency is at present unknown . The police who first discovered the fire succeeded in arousing the inmates , all of whom with the exception of Mrs . Storey succeeded in effecting a safe retreat from the burning building . She unfortunately was not so successful , and before she could leave her room she was most terribly burned .
City op London Registration . —The objections taken , and claims made , in the City of London this year , for the revising barrister to dispose of , are as follows : —¦ . Objections . —Persons objected to as not entitled to have their names retained on the list of persons entitled to vote as freemen of the city and liverymen ofthe several companies , 235 ; olijectcd to as inhabitant householders , 1 , 971 . Total objections , 2 , 206 . —Claims . —Persons claiming to have their names inserted on the list of persons entitled to vote as freemen and liverymen , 4 ; claims as inhabitant householders , 276 * Total claims , 280 . On Monday , on the report of Dr . Gavin Milroy , the General Board of Health ordered the SpaGelds burial-grounds , and also the burial-grounds at St . Botolph , Bishopsgate , and the St . Thomas ' s burialground , Golden-lane , St . Luke ' s , to be closed .
&1je Tyvovtiut**
_& 1 je _tyvovtiut **
Destructive Fire. — Chatham. -- * • Duri...
Destructive Fire . — Chatham . -- * During the whole of Saturday night and Sunday morning tho inhabitants of this district were very much alarmed , owing to an extensive conflagration that occurred at Sharsted Farm , in tho occupation of Mr . James M wards , of Rochester . Its situation is near the village of Luton , about two miles from Chatham , and the large number of fires that havo heen wilfully caused in tho neighbourhood during the last few weeks raised the suspicion that the fire was the work-of an incendiary . The fire first broke out in ono of tho stables , and owing to the combustible materials thc flames spread rapidly from one building to another , then connecting themselves
with a row of twelve stacks , the growth of this year , consisting of wheat , barley , oats , peas , & c , and , owing to the wind blowing westwards , caused tho whole very soon to be one body of fire . Information ofthe disaster was communicated by express to the firemen , when thc engines proceeded to the scone of destruction , but they were of no use , as thore was no water . Such an extensive fire as this bas nofc been witnessed before for some years . The property destroyed , ifc is stated , amounts to about £ 7 , 000 , and that Mr . Edwards is only insured for in the Kent for £ -1 , 000 . Four farm horses were burnt to death ; three stables , ono barn , and a long line of other buildings , with twelve stacks , were also burnt .
. Fire . —At two o ' clock on Monday morning an extensive fire broke out in the High-street of Chatham , at tho residence of Mr . Tucker , tailor and clothier ; so rapid was the fire that it caught the next houso , recently occupied by Mr . Stigant , linen draper ; both these houses are destroyed , and the next houso , that of Mr . P . Lynch , fruiterer , is partly burnt . The dock-yard engine , under the direction of Lieut . Wise , R . N ., with a detachment ofthe dock-yard police , exerted themselves to the utmost in saving tho property . The fire was subdued by six o ' clock . The damage in this instance is considerable . There was another largo fire seen in the direction of the Isle of Sheppy , which was burning when daylight appeared .
Shocking Buotality . —On tho 7 th inst ., a man named Thomas Richardson was killed in a most brutal manner by a smith named John Lee , at Manchester . Richardson was in a state of intoxication , nnd during the day had several times gone to Lee ' s shop and greatly annoyed him . About two o ' clock he went again , afc whicli time Lee was in tho aet of heating two pieces of iron , about half an inch in diameter , for the purpose of welding them together . Seeing Richardson , he flew into an awful rage , and after threatening him , seized the two pieces of redhot iron , and rushing upon him , made a desperate thrust with each at the lower part of his bodv
Both pieces penetrated quite through . The poor man fell shrieking with agony , and the brutal assailant cooly went to the anvil and actually welded the iron . Two men were in the shop at the time , and had they the least idea of Lee ' s horrid intention could easily have prevented the murder . Medical aid was immediately obtained , but the man died almost immediately . Lee , who seemed little concerned , was at once taken into custody , and on Saturday morning last was examined before the magistrates and committed for trial . —An inquest has been held on the body , and a verdict of "Wilful Murder " returned .
Prize Fight and Death of one of the Combatants . —On tho 5 th inst . the neighbourhood of Manchester was the scene of a most degradinir and disgusting prize fight . Richard Lilly , a man aboufc thirty years of age , and long reputed as one of the most expert thieves m Manchester , was one of the combatants , and the other was a _puirilisfc _nimod John M ddleton It appears that _thrive _ffiEd " to fight for £ 2 a side , and for this trifling and wretched stake they went out , on Wednesday to Throstle Nest , ou oue of the banks of the S _£ well . They were attended by a crowd of more than one hundred persons , and fought for near y two but at length after a knock-down blow which Li ! v
nau _rcceivcu irom his antagonist , ho was not- able to-return to tho _encounter till " time" had been called __ Middleton was then declared the victor though in a miserable condition to enjoy his laurels ' for ifc is said he was so beaten and bruised tha X more than a day following the fi ght his fo was despaired of . Lilly was at W supposed toThe not m so bad a state , andthe usual Wans of _t-estorS him . by rubbing were resorted to when he , was picked up ; but on some brandy heing poured Kb ns mouth ifc only gurgled in his throatS he was incapable of swallowing it . A cab wal _^ procuredTin which he was conveyed to th- * * w _™ A , ; , v _? _u 7 ' , Arms , * Stretford-roal , onK X _taSS ? 2 _S charge bad become a corpse . The _countykroner
Destructive Fire. — Chatham. -- * • Duri...
held an inquest dh the body * or i Thursday , but the proceedings were adjourned . . Shocking Occurrence . —On the , oth inst . an idiot boy came by his death in a horrible manner at the Stroud Union Workhouse . " ' Tjie . _attendants had put him in a warm bath by order oftho medical officer , and at the same time their attention was engaged in restraining a refractory lunatic , and assisting a cliolera patient , who had just been brought in . Tho boy screamed violently ,. but ho notice was taken of him , as it was his . practice to do so , and ifc never occurred to the attendants that tho water was too hot , as a woman had just previously used the bath . It turned out , however , that the steam by which tho bath was warmed had been turned on from tho
moment tho woman quitted , and the poor boy was literally boiled to death ! Tho affair was brought before the _Stroud Board of Guardians on tho following day , and the following resolution , in relation to the case passed : " The Board of Guardians having received the report of the death of Charles Ireland , a pauper idiot , and ah inmate of the workhouse , who lost his life by having been unintentionally put into an over-heated bath—Resolved , that an application be made to the Poor Law Commissioners requesting them to investigate the case . " Sboden Death at Bristol . —On Sunday morning as an omnibus was standing at the booking office of the White-Lion Hotel , the driver suddenly fell from his box and instantly expired . He ha 3 left a widow and four children .
Attempted Murder of Tsrek Children . —A female named Isabella Stevenson was taken before the magistrates bfFenton , Staffordshire , on the 7 th inBt . ' , on ' a charge of attempting to murder hev three children-, ofthe respective ages of seventeen months , three years , and five years . The prisoner seemed exceedinglv dejected . From the evidence adduced , it appears that the prisoner , who is the wife of a cratemaker living in the town , on the previous day took the three children out for a walk , and after leading them about for some time , she made for a place termed Smith ' s Pool ( a large pond ) , a short distance from her own house . She then threw the youngest child head foremost into the pool , and afterwards laid
hold of another one for the purpose of throwing it in , when its screams attracted tlie attention of Mr . Superintendent Perry , of the inland navigation , who hastened to the spot , and at the risk of his own life , jumped into the pool , and succeeded in recovering the drowning child , who was in a very exhausted state , and prevented the destruction of the other two children . The woman was taken into custo ly , and the child taken out of the water , was attended by a medical gentleman , who succeeded in restoring suspended animation . The mother , when placed before Mr . Rose , the magistrate exhibited unmistakable evidence of her mind being in a disordered state . She was sent to a lunatic asylum .
Pitmen Killed at Percy Main . —Mr . Reed held an inquest on the 6 th inst ., at Percy Main , on the bodies of Thomas Pattison _, aged 29 , and James Daglaish , aged 23 . The deceased were pitmen at Percy Main Colliery , and it appeared that after they had got into the corf to descend the pit in the morning , the chain broke ; and they were precipitated to the bottom of the shaft and killed . The jury returned the following verdict : — " That , the deceased were accidentally killed by falling down the shaft at Percy Main Colliery in going to their work , by reason of the chain breaking on their getting into the coff ; and that the jury are . of opinion that the chain was not of good quauty , and recommended that in future the chains be properly tested , to ascertain their strength before being put into use . "
Serious Accident at Plymouth Hoe . — "We regret to record another of those unfortunate accidents which have so often happened to parties walking on the Hoe since the military commenced making use of it as a driuing t > round . The sufferer on this occasion was a little boy , between three or four years of _^ e , who was playing on the Hoe on the Vth inst ., in charge of his nurse . The soldiers appear to have been " skirmishing . " At the word of command they were flying in all directions , and before the child could get out ofthe way he was struck by a soldier , either with the bayonet or the end of the gun , in his eye . and the poor fellow has thus had tbe sight entirely destroyed . —Plymouth Journal .
Fatal Mine Accident . —A melancholy accident occurred at the pits of Mr . Whitehouse , near the Cosely Tunnel , near Tipton , on the 5 th inst ., which resulted in the death of two men and two boys , under the following circumstances * . —It appears that about six o'clock on the morning in question four lads , named John Millard , Ishma Granger , Timothy Flavell , and Samuel Weston , were let down the shaft of a pit under Mr . Whitehouse , at Coseley , in a skip , with a lighted candle , in order to work out before reaching the bottom of the pit , whieh it was stated had not been worked for some few days , owing to the strike among the colliers . Damp was indicated by the candle being extinguished , on which the lads shouted to be drawn up again . Unfortunately
however , their cries were not heard in time by the " banksman " ( Simon Peters ) , he having left the bank by direction of one of the " butties" of the pit , ( William Jeavons ) , whose life it will be teen was sacrificed ; and on < he skip being drawn up again only one of the boys ( Millard ) was in it , the . other three having doubtless falling out of the skip from suffocation . On ascertaining the sad occurrence William-Jeavons , the butty , and another man , named George Grainger , descended the shaft to the assistance ofthe other three lads , and on the skip being again drawn up , another of the boy 9 ( Ishma Grainger ) , was found to be in it alone , both Jeavons and Grainger , the " butties , " having . it would appear
fallen out of the skip from suffocation in its- ascent , as on other men descending the shaft in search of them they were found to be quite dead , and their bodies mutilated , Grainger ' s head was also sadly cut . The other two boys , Timothy Flarell and Samuel Weston , were likewise found to be dead . On the following day an inquest was held over the bodies , before T . M . Phillips , Esq . and a jury at the house of Mr . Joseph . Stanford , Horse . and Jockey Inn , Fu ' . lar _' s-end , Coseley , which was adjourned till Friday , when the above facts having been detailed in evidence , the jury returned a verdict of ' Accidental Deaih . " The other two boys , Ishma Grainger and John Millard are likely to recover .
Exopeme . vt _Extraordinary . — -The inhabitants of Nottingham have , during the last few days , been greatly astounded in consequence of the sudden disappearance from amongst them of Mr . Robert Parker , cotton agent . It seems Ihat about a fortnight since Mr . Parker went with his wife to Cleethorpes , where hfi left her , promising to fetch her home within a brief specific time ; but not keeping his engagement , inquiries were made for him by bis friends , who , to their great consternation , found that he had not only left the town , but that he had embarked per steamer for the United States , taking with him some
merchandise , a large amount of cash , and a girl in her teens . Mr . Parker is sixty-two years of ago , and has been married upwards of forty years . Tho girl _uith whom he has eloped was recently his kitchen maid , and is by no means either ladylike or good looking . It would appear that he had been fascinated with this giils charms for somo t > me previous , for about twelve months ago he placed her with a Mrs . Farmer , to learn the millinary buisiness , and was often seen escorting her to her lodgings . A cheque for £ 300 was left behind enclosed in an envelope directed to Mrs . Parker , and which was found within the leaves of the family Bible . —Evening Paper .
Destruction ov Farm Propemy by Fire- — About one o ' ekek , on Sunday , a lire broke out on Worthea Farm , the property of Mr . John Panic within two miles of Peterborough , whereby eleven com stacks ( wheat and oats , ) with the labourer ' s cottage and two hay stacks , were entirely consumed . _* iom the part where the fire commenced _there-an-•? mv . _int l a i man p _?^ eatl y M 8 P ecte _^ _*»* _d , besides faimng largely of his own property , has been , for many years an extensive occupier in Peterborouirh under C B Adderley , . Esq ., M . P . foi Sh S Office ""' iBSUred ' the C ° " " _^' T Tu f , _3 ' wix , robbeRies at Huddersfield ~ In addition to the four persons , Wood , _Whitelev iates , and Mellor , at present in custody on a char _g e of being connected with the robberies at the lluddcrsfield station oftho London and North Western and tho Yorkshire and Lancashire railways nine more servants of both companies have been hwa „
on suspicion of being implicated in tho affair -md also a person who resides in Golcar , named James Bailey , and tho police , aro still on ' theXt aS others . The quantity of goods missing s S large , and oven since the first four captured _Ssoiievshave been in custody , two truss , *! _Sogcwd tbt ° _\ _? _£ If 01 ' th Western Company _S Friday week have disappeared in the same mvsfenous manner . Tho loss to the two comSes through . this systcm of plunder , is proving t " be very serious , and the " extent to whicli it £ been earned may bo inferred from' tho fact that the Yorkshire and Lancashire Company have _hadIheavv claims _aplnst them for compensation for ostS during the past two years , and amounting-if one half year alone to more than £ 500 , p $ f bv ? he Huddersfield agent alone . y tuc HionwAr Robbery . -Two men , _-rivinc their "a"V-3 ¦«« "fames King and George ° Smith , nd S 1 _^ _3 _^ they came from Liverpool , were acconi _uijua
_-reu as vagrants in the _Starcrosa lock-un on the night ofthe 4 th instant . On the _Wednldnv morning after receiving some refreshment thev _fei a _" 4 ? Sara _i S ht - aboufc ele vcn o ' clock as Wham . Baker , the . servant of Mr . CollS sm geon , of Kenton , was returning ' home llom * Rrw T ' _, Wa _I IV l _- he _^ two men % their demand for _fiis money he said ho lS none They then knocked him down , searched his nnS ' and find ng nothing , ill-treated binSS Whimft the road . He lmmcdiaMv _•*¦ ¦ _* ••¦• . * . i « L . _^ -T \ George Timewcll , the _tiffi , _ifSX _^ fi
On 52 Man 3 mmo Do _™ a Coixrm-OnlueSdaynoon , a 5 a _womau n _^ _odElkj _Lk- £ y ;
Destructive Fire. — Chatham. -- * • Duri...
was walking along the top of Bradford-road , sha observed a man putting a plank on thc top of soma rails , which are fixed round a coal-pit in Bradfordroad , and immediately afterwards she saw the man fefc upon ' tho plank , and jump down into the pit . he at once gave information to a woman in tha neighbourhood , who told Mr . T . Arundale , the manager of some coal-pits near , belonging to Mr . Porter . Mr . Arundale , having ascertained that thero was no foul air in the pit , quickly descended by means of ropes , and on reaching tlie bottom ha found the man lying on his back quite dead , though warm . He brought him up , and had him conveyed to the Farm Yard Tavern , where Mr . Butter , who was acting as deputy to Mr . Herford , held an
inquest on Wednesday . Ifc was then stated that tha pit was twenty-eight yards decp . —A woman named Margaret Richards , stated that the deceased was her husband . His name was Jacob Richards : ha was a joiner , twenty-eight years of age , and lived at 108 , " Edward-street , Oldham-road . He had been ill of rheumatic fever sinco Christmas last , and had been for thrco weeks an inpatient of the Royal Infirmary , from which ho was only discharged oa Monday . When he arrived home that day , he appeared to be quite uneasy . On tho morning ofhis death , ho went out about half-past nine o ' clock , saying that bo would nofc be away long .. Ho appeared to bc rambling in his mind , and did not como back . —The jury returned a Yerdict of" Temporary Insanity . "—Manchester Guardian .
Robbery from the East Lancashire Railway Company . —On Tuesday a man named . John Boardman , a watchman , jointly employed afc the station in Great Howard-street by tho L _^ _ucs-stove arid Yorkshire and the Easfc Lancashire Railway Companies , was brought before Mr . * Rushton , at the police court , Liverpool , charged with having robbed the till of the East Lancashire Railway Company of 4 Jd . Ifc appeared , from the statement mado oa behalf of the prosecution , that the prisoner was tho night watchman afc the station , and that in consequence of several sums of money having been missed from thc Easfc Lancashire till during the _lasfi four or five days , and the prisoner ( whose duty it was to open the booking-office door in the morning
when the booking clerk was nofc __ there ) being suspected , Mr . Wolstenham , superintendent , ordered one of the parties to keep a watch upon the prisoner on Monday evening , and the money alleged to have been stolen was marked , and the drawer left unlocked . About five o ' clock on Tuesday morning tha prisoner was 3 cen to unlock the office door and enter the oflice , and in a few minutes came out again , at that moment apparently putting something into his pocket . When the clerk camo to tha office ho found that marked money had been taken from the drawer , and the prisoner was then taken into custody , when the missing money was found upon him . Several of thc company ' s servants having given evidence on the . charge , the prisoner was committed for trial .
Ar00611
Fatal Accident At Penydarra** *.—On Satu...
Fatal Accident at _Penydarra _** _* . —On Saturday the 8 th instant , a most fatal and melancholy accident occurred at the Lodge Pit , near Penydarran Iron Works . The pit is on the property of Mr . Alderman Thompson . On Saturday as the men were at v / ork a fall of rubbish took place in one of the headings by which two men were killed j the mass that fell was two or three tons iu weight , and it was only after a vast deal of labour , that the bodies were extricated , they presented a most fearful spectacle , literally smashed to pieces , so much so that recognition was rendered almost impossible . The bodies were carried down through the High-street , Merthyr , followed by about 200 or 300 men most of whom had been working in thc same pit , and nearly all of them carried their lamps in their hands .
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The Harvest.—The Past Week Was Most Favo...
The Harvest . —The past week was most favourable for harvest operations , and the farmers have taken all the udvantage of it that they could from _thi-ir restricted means . Labour is dear , just because there is a great demand for it , and it has been remarked that for many years , labour has not been so difficult to be procured as this harvest . The extensive emigration of the past season should account for this , supposing that we desire to conceal from ourselves the fact of the great mortality which prevailed anion . " the agricultural labourers . From tho reports of tlie agricultural instructors , ifc would appear thatthe potatoes are more orle 3 S affected with disease—but they are not beyond hope .
The certain prospect of a harvest of more than ordinary abundance is already _workhig wonders in thediminution of the overwhelming amount of pauperism which crushed down the ratepayers in some of the southern unions . At thc last meeting of the Fermoy board of guardians , it appeared that the number of inmates , which was over 5 , 000 in the beginning of June last , was now reduced to 1 , 580 , while no outdoor relief whatever was given . The general health of the paupers were good , the number of deaths during the week being only seven . All tlie auxiliary workhouses , with the exception of the one at Rothcormac , were closed , and , with a view to concentration and a further reduction of
expenditure , that house was to be immediately shut up , so that within a period of six wesks the guardians were enabled to close seven auxiliary houses . The state of the Cork Union also presents some agreeable features , the number of inmates showing a material diminution during the past two months . " The number on the 28 th of June was 7 , 033 , on the 28 th of July 6 , 137 , and on the 28 th of August 4 , 192 . The decrease for the month ending thc 28 th of July was 8 * 36 , and for tho month ending the 28 th of August 1 , 945 , and for the two months 2 , 841 . The lowest number in the house during the year 1 S 4 S was , on the 27 th of _Augilst , 3 , 110 , _beina 1 . 073 less
than on the 28 th of last month . " The guardians of the Fermoy Union are about to send out sixty more young females to Australia ; and other unions arc also taking advantage of the facilities for female pauper emigration afforded by the government . So great is thc change already effected in the relief system , that a considerable number of the temporary poor-law inspectors are to be removed at the close ofthe present month . In Dublin , too , there are some healthy indications ofa . revival of confidence , and the commercial transactions for tlie past week show a slow but steady increase in the amount of business .
Landlords , Middlemen , and Tenants . —The Limerick . Reporter says ; " Founding our views on the present state of Clare , it would be impossible to suppose that properly could continue in the hands of its present proprietors . The fact of 18 s . in the pound being fixed as a rate for one parish , aud £ 1 4 s . 2 d . for another , is a proof ofthe confiscation ofproperty , which is calculated to appal the national mind ; but our views are not founded ou the worst teatures of the public condition , but rather on the state of things likely to arise from the crisis to ? _ul _anA ? ?¦ , ' _A hat _l P reseilt har _™* » fruittulanil plentiful caunot be denied , unless by mere croakers and prophets of woe , and hence it is that , had as the present state of thim-s is . it . m _,,.-t- b _» onn .
ceded that the worst has arrived , and that events are last hastening such as to inspire hone rather than to inspire terror . It is now pretty generally _acknowledged that a mutual forb _? arance and toleration of interests would be most likely to work well both for the good of the lord of the soil and the occupying tenant , and unless in the case of house-wreckers raid levellers , it is about being acted upon , for who can deny that many a landlord has made abatements to his tenantry to the amount of fitoon _^ _bJSS _twenty-hveper cent ? However this conduct oi the partof the aristocrats niight be _construed"Jiether into humanity of feeling or compulsion o _' f aSed circumstances , still it is a very favourable Z ior tne
prospects before us . But the ercat _mitf _™* tune of this island is" the existence of _EeSS body called middlemen . Where these _eStpSy must be prevalent , andthe case of the tenant must be bad indeed . In the present state of S _^ s the landlord looks to the middleman for his St of course , not being over thrifty , and , therefore _hwi-2 none to spare must , ofa con _equeuSTgoad thSo to whom he sublets , and in tha pi * 7 i a . * * la on the part of the _w _^\ _£ _ZF _% _cessity on the part of the squire , both become fhe victims ofthe vicious state ofthe law _uL \ , i ; _-. this state of things .. Had the _landon _fc _VPtrmita the proprietors and their SaS , w _VutStould not be now witnessing the almost _corapS Sk of agricultural pauperism . ThemiddleS inSest from the evident iniquity of the system ! must _nlti _* mately passawaV ) and an _{ J J , nus _uhi
Irish _ExTEnr-KisE . -The Cork Constitution menions some indications of local enterpaiSe , 3 udin ; _thefollowmg m Queenstown , the name give _bvhef Majesty to Cove :- « In addition to the bate SteS ive improvements and buildings erected in t £ own not the"least ; is an immense rope-walk btely laid down . The object the proprietors have n yiew is to manufacture a description of cordage for shi _> ping hitherto imported from England . Some ronemakers have heen brought from Scotland ? as tho : _SSZS _^ _« _^ PiSli ae _!
_SSTSiT ' if a _/ dl _« _feS the _wni-k nff „";„ .. ! _nsotdrawings and patterns , dX Inaw _^ aVtlSts ' and _« ith other suitable _S- _aSeJfSiW' gove ™ ment _"HI supply _everyskKffnlv'T _* ¥ taste * nd « W tothe _^^ . 5 _^ " % _^ ° _* * able to enter _inesciiool and receive the best instHMinn at a v «« rv m _sr i wyewiy S £ r _^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 15, 1849, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_15091849/page/6/
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