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J * ?! '6FIieVN0 MONOPOLY. |But to the p...
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. . BRITISH AMERICA- """""¦ From Canada ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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IRELAND . _ * 8 rArroF - _THB _- cbu « iBT . - _¦»**¦ - «« ' The Limerick Chronicle gives 1 the particulars ofa _^ Sr i _™ _* " unfflanly " outrage . " ¦ Sonie -. timesince aWalshi _' residtrignearLimerick , in Claretconntyj was' attacked , '* and an attempt ; fortunately un-8 ueces 8 ful , _wa 8 made on his life . _' On last ' Thursday mp fmnghissori was riding to sohooHn Limeriok , when an nnmarilyeooundrel assailedhimithreatened bis life _,- and cursed the ruffians'who bad suffered his father- 'to escape . * ' The little-fellow _irodeoff to the _nextpolice station ; broiighfthe police on the track I
of his assailant and succeeded in' _having hiin arrested and lodged m gaol . - There has been a rescue of cattle seized at _theSingle ; for the poor and Temporary Relief Rates ; twenty-six ' cows which-bad been taken were driven - away" from the _bnilffs . What is strange . ' says the Limerick Chronicle , 'is , tbat the rescue was led by the ' shopkeepers of tho town . ; The guardians ofNenagh Union , elected six relieving _officers _. five of whom-stood _: tosome ' guardian in the' relation of _^ ori , _" ' brother , or nephew . Afte ? . this job was done , the _fivedisinterested guardians resigned— The price of meat has fallen in the provinces ,, the recent fall of rain having had this effect . - v _- : ' •' ¦ _•' ¦ ' ¦ . '¦ : - ¦ ¦ ¦ _-.-. -r : :- -. *
_,-.,-DISTRK 8 S OF THB PBOPLB . _—BBUEP DEPOTS . 'The government relief system having been generally brought to a close , some ofber'Majesty ' s steam vessels are employed in removing tho stores remain _^ ing at the depots along the coast . In various _diftricts 1 of the _s ' _outh-west severe distress still prevails ; and unless the new poor law shall be put into effectual operation , ahd ' employment upon a large scale : provided for the _able-bodied , the approaching winter will be one Of terrible suffering amongst the poor . A ™ , ' _W ? ntnent "as determined _toretainsome ' of the principal . depots , where the available food is' to : bs _stored / iu order to be prepared with some machinery tor relief , " should circumstances render it _abBolutelv necessary , ' in remote * districts , during the winter months . '"" - " - " ¦ -, _..,:... °
_ t I _^ J ° _ ° X guardians at Galwar owe nearly * 7 : . ? . _> . y bey have struck a rate of £ 5-000 and upwards , and there is in outstanding arrear of the former rate amounting to £ 3000 ; Of course they have no cash in the treasurer ' s hands . and > consequently all tlieir supplies are had on credit . They find themselves _jndiflicultiesi DrPbelan , assistant poor-law commissioner , stated some d ;> yB since , that he-knew nearly one hundred other unions throughout Ireland in a similar position , ; and suggests te them a plain cause why tbey-aro so , and a plain remedy . The
unions liaving no funds in bank nre obliged to purchase supplies on credit , and to pay exorbitarit prices . ; ln'this ; way '' they aro always in debt and difficulty _, arid the"' burden' on the union is ultimately greater ; for whereas the cost of maintenance- of a pauper in Dublin' does riot exceed Is . _fJJrperweek , in Galway' it reaches 2 s . 8 | d . per week . ' 'The ; remedy , of course , ; is to lay ; on a . rate , which / after . making cv . e ' ry allowarieC ' arrears , will leave asurplus , and enable the guardians tostartwithacapital . '" _- - ' _;(«
BEPEAL ABSOCIAIIOS , _-. At the _ujual ' weekly meeting ef-the association . [' 'James Fegari , Esq . , M ; P . " presided . ' Mr _JoHN'O'CoNaELii commenced the business of . theda- * by ; handing iri £ 40 from'the ¦ congregated trades of the ( City of ¦ Lime ' rickj as an " evidenco ol their devotion to . tlie ' prineiples and teachings of tbeir departed leader . ' 'The ' _honi-gehtlemanthen'adverteo at some _lehgth'to the ' affairs of _Italyjand " expressed his ' regret . ' that ; Ireland had not ' a domestic legislature , which ' would not hesitate for a _triomerit in espousing thecau 8 ei _.. of Pius IX . ' . _- ;¦ " The _RevrMr _^ CooHLAH ex pressed his opinion that . the _^ people ! of . Ireland should . demand from' the go-1 vernment ' _whefhlr ' they might ' not' be permitted to make a demonstration in favour of his Holiness . -II
they ' were so' -permitted ; he had no doubt but an army of . 50 , 000 men coiild at once be raised to fight under thesfaridard of-independence in Italy , and protect ' the Sovereign > Poritiff iri his glorious career against ebpression and tyranny . _;>•;" - ; _;; * Mr _Pi'S . BbTLBB , ' M ; Pi , addressed the meeting at some _Ierigtif . ' Notwithstanding the abundant harvest with which''Providence had blessed-the country , there was every reason to apprehend that the labouring population would be in a worse position duri » y tho ensuing winter than they were * at the same period last yearv Henceforth they would have nothing to depend upon' but the wages they were likely to _re-i ceive for their labour from the _laiidlards and lenants
of Ireland , arid those classes were so overwhelrried _withldjfficulties that it was impossible they _c '* m ! d giVe ' em ' pI . oymeht to such extent a 3 would prevent famine arid pestilence . Such being the position ot the country / he ( Mr Butler ) 'would appeal to common sense * whether it wa 3 reasonable to enforce the repay merit of the ' advances made by 'England durine the last session bf Parliament ' . -He would suggest to the goyerh ' rrient the * expediency of placing that debt in' abeyance _^ In saying so , he should not be _understood ' as wishing to repudiate the liability . On the _coriti-ary , he felt convinced that' Ireland"would fee ! extreme gratification in discharging her-liabilities when Providence ' eriabled her to do bo . . ' _-- : -
' •' _. MrJoHi-O'COnne _' _ll'subsequently-addressed the meeting at considerable length . •"• ¦ : 'At the conclusion of the _preceedingB the rent for the ' week was announced to be £ 67 19 ' . 2 d . ¦ -
, . IRISH PISHSaiEB . The _Gal-t-ai _/^ ferciirysays : — . . ' . The infatuftt ion ; that has come over the Claddagb people , cannot 'be ; accouuted _fpr on any ; ' reasonable principlo ... . A ' _. ' fortnight ago ' , they appeared prepared to prqceed ' on the herring fishery , arid yet ln the middle of _Scptember-7-an unprecedented circumstance in Gulway -. riot a boat has _. piit to sea . There must ; be no sympathy felt for ' such persons ; and if distress and destitution come upon .. tbem , they will have themselves alone to _blamed Some excuse or other is sure to be piit forward ; , one day it blows too fresh , another itis too calm fcrt ibe take . ofBsh . These men will call _upo ' n ' the inhabitants during the coming season for assistance , but . who will be anxious to relieve those wbo , having the means , want the ' disposition to assist themselves !'
. BARBAROUS MURDER . . . The following appears iri the BdlUnasloe Star : — . " ' Oiie ofthe mesthorriblo murders we have ever heard ¦ of , and , of a ' desoription _^ wblcbis very _^ _^ rare iri our count ; -, was perpetrated on Tuesday night in the _neighbourho-wl of Mount Bellew . _., It appears that as a mau named Patrick Co ' _stelty a driver in the employment of Mr James Cuffe , efEske ' r , ; was returniu ' g from | that town , to the petty sessions of which be had a number of persons summoned for trespass , & o ., that day , he was waylaid by a party of men , who Jiteraljy smashed his head to atoms ; ,,. An _. inques ' t was held by Mr W . Kcriny , coroner , _. wbipUcommenbed on Thursday , and was _adjourned to ' thenextday . ' "Or ; Fitzgerald ,. R _; M ., and Mr Brereton ,
were in _attsndan ' ce . . A most respectable jury were _sjrora , who returned a verdict of Wilful Murder against persons unknown . _^ . Through the activity of Mr Bernard _Cqmuiins and the police , four men have been arrested on suspicion of having committed this atrocious act . They have been committed to prison . This , unfortunate _Costelloi was driver arid wbodrnnger to Mr Cuffe , and one of the persons arrested occupied the same situation before Costeilo got it ' This barbarous murder seems to' have _baan perpetrated by striking their wretched victim with stones .. His chin was broken , hU . teoth knocked out . and literally scattered on the road _. and _hlsear was cut in two , his nose was also broken _. _aad his head dreadfully fractured . ' ...
_-SELP-RBLiAKOB .-Mr Richard Boarke . the successor of Mr Moore O'Ferrall in the representation of Kildare , ' was recently , entertained at dinner by a body of bis father's tenantry , and on returning thanks for ' hisihealth being given thus admonished his bearers *— _\>< _- _. - ,:. . -. _.-.. Much has been and will be said of the prosperity of Ireland ; the sentiment is daily , spoken of in every meeting , and toasted at every dinner—various measures anproposed—various laws recommended . to carry out tbis great work . . But ,. it is too often forgotten thatthe increase of the prosperity of Ireland rests mainly with ' the people themselves . Capital is wanted—capital is called for . Capital is , on all hands , agreed tobe the moans whereby Ireland is to be saved ; but tbis capital is
_onlto be attained by tbe increase of our own resources . The prosperity , of Ireland is only to be attained by your own strong arms . Every , man who improves his form , who takes an _inoroasa of produce from bis land , adds his share to the wealth of his country—adds his pebble to the cairn of Erin ' s Improvement , is a friend to Ireland , We are able to help _oursolves ; we will no longer be dependent 00 the precarious , assistance . received from other lands ; and we . will never rest until every sod in Ireland brings forth abundantly—till every inch ol ground is in Its higheBt ; and fullest state of bearing . You have set the example of a change of manners for Ireland—yoa have vindicated the principle of self-reliance . ' I am _confidsnt that . sour eximple will be
followed , and that in a short time we shall have amongst us more industry and exertion , less politics and _mort ploughing , loss argument and more action , less want and more reason , less debating and moro doing . Ever } penny you mako , every successful transaction that you embark taj adds to the common store of healthful _prosperity . Legislation may follow improvement—may confirm and reward your labours , but it cannot commence the good work . You must begin , you yeursclf must lay tbe foundation of tbe fortress of your country ' s safety . LegWation must and will strengthen the outworks ; and you know this now , you have snowed to tho world in your actions the high value you set on these _principles .
_A-Modest Proposal ;—An enthusiastic gentleman inthe Freeman ' s Journal proposes as a ' _subscription for Mr O'Connell ' s _family—abagatelleof £ 100000 Tho task : he says , ' is as easy as it is pleasing . Every person who chooses to prove his love of country , and his gratitude to the successor of the purest patriot and greatest champion of freedom that Ireland ever produced , can do so at an imperceptible luss . If 80 united contribute a pound , or if 1 in 80 give but a pound , _£ 100 , 000 would be raised by the Irish people . Two aids are requisite ; but these two are always foremost when the voice of their oonntry _calls-the clergy arid the press . ' "When it is remembered that the subscriptions for a monument to _^ amol O Con * mil _WmsDlfhavciiotyetreaohed £ 300 _, thc gathering
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of a 'plum' for his ? on » , though it mav bo ex tremely / pleasing' to the _irnaninatihn of Mr Amic * _is _£$ _^ _ni b- / no means so viry ' easy . '
J * ?! '6fiievn0 Monopoly. |But To The P...
TE H | ******** , IW . THE NftRaRN STJ > 7 I
J * ?! >^Ems '6fiievn0 Monopoly. ;Gihb^I...
J ?! _>^ _Ems _' 6 FIieVN 0 MONOPOLY . _; gIHB _^ I » ITOfll O *; XajHtOBl * _lKHI * BTAB . _^ . -- ¦ ¦ - § 15 , —It is ostully held as a maxim , dictated alike IP sound _senie aid policy , to . take advantage ! of L , season- of _prosprnty to make preparations for _^ r _^ c _^ ci adveraty ; to make hay , to fact , _fjolst the sun -dunes , and prepare to summer for _^ e _apji _«* oac _^ orvn ntcir . But , unfbrtuaately , this timely providence is , fri th most of us , a lip-maxim only : in action it -a dead letter , and we leave it to tbe most intdgr _^ cant anh * nals and insects to work , whilst we , with our superior wisdom , admire bnt will ; not j-mtatethem . * - _^ _Wo _-eviT . S Of LAND MONOPOLY .
EvenllA- ' t- _'O _^ CT £ T _> mtlrts - _^ y _^ cara - * 0 n - --perieuee ; we have been taught during the last two _« arsafe--rfi-1 ess 011 on the _insufBciency of the « reseht modes of proceeding , both with regard to t _! i * le £ Juature , wd o-ff pr ivate industry . \ _re - , seen Eng land almost prostrate at the feet of other _MticTO , _cro'icbing- <> 1 hen - - morsel of bread ; ire have seen those _manttfactnres which have been our boast , almost rejected , glutting onr own ' _taarfcets , and refused in our neighbours * ; we have found ourselves compelled to support a sister-nation from the hard-earned scanty -wages of our own labonrers , _-siilst their own food has been procured only at
_fiunine prices ; and if we are capable of gathering wisdom from the experience ot the past , every man ay , and every -woman in England , must , ere this have learnt the utter fellaey of the doctrine that oar manufactures can command corn trom other lands—that it is safe , or expedient , or even possible , to continue a system by which our own land cannot be mide to produce food for the people born on ir . ' Bnt to suppose that such a state of things ' was ever designed by Heaven is a monstrous blasphemy ; God never yet created a being without creating food for its support ! In the scorching plains of the East—among the glaciers of Iceland—from pole to pole , there are the means in nature for bread enough
and to spare , if man does but take the proper method for producing it . And is rich and fertile England alone exempt from the general role ? Is she only to produce a population to starve and die prematurely ? Is our peasantry to lose its bold manliness from lack of nomiture , and are English parents to bring children forth for whom they cannot earn bread ? The thought is monstrous ! Would that it were not alse horribly true ! The events of many years past bave revealed the fact in all its naked deformity ; the statistics of the last two-years especially , have elicited facts which , if rightly viewed , wfll discover the cause of this crying evil , and , in discovering , lead us to its annihilation .
The facts to -which 1 more particularly allude r , ¦ . _*¦ _' . . - ' . ¦ - ¦¦• ¦ - - ¦ : -.. v 1 st . That under tbe present mode of culture England does not produce sufficient food for her population- '• - '" ' - 2 nd . That a Free Trade with other countries , and a repeal of the Com Laws , are not effectual provisions against famine . 3 rd . Tbat our market , and all other markets are overstocked with our manufactures , and that this is a daily increasing evil ; that this glut in the manufactures , though felt most acutely by factory labourers , has the direct and indirect effect of injuring the whole community .
4 th . That crime is greatly on the increase , in spite of all that has been attempted for the prevention of crime ; and that crimes affecting human life—suicide , and murders , by poison especially—fill every day , the columns of our papers , Whence it is impossible to avoid arguing a growing recklessness of existence , in the minds of the community . These are grave and alarming facts , and it behoves aU who wish well to their country , to inquire whence these evils spring , arid how they may be averted .
It may be said that the first of these tasks is easyand so it may be , like most things , when the cine is given . But it appears to me that bur political economists have either reasoned from wrong data , or contented themselves witb the superficial appearance of things , and neglected to dig below it . It is , indeed , an acknowledged fact , to which none will subscribe more readily than myself , tbat England , as it is at present cultivated , does not produce ford safilcient for the cultivation of its people .. Here is ground on which all parties meet : but I , for one , cau go no farther in their good company . They ascribe this deficiency—first , to a perpetually increasing surplus population ; secondly , and as a corollary to tiie first , that the land is not capable of bearing a greatly increased crop to meet the increasing necessities of the people .
To remedy these evils , they would draft off every year to foreign shores , numbers of our surplus population ; and for the remainder , they would beg the charity of our continental neighbours , and entreat of them the food we ourselves ( according to their showing ) cannot grow . Now these remedies are , in fact , worse than the disease . They do not cure the evils they profess to cure , and tbey create others of equal magnitude . "We have now made trial of these quack prescriptions—we have tested their exact no-value , and every thinking man must have discovered by this time , that something else must be advanced—some more judicious measures adopted to create plenty through the land , and make its people that which they ought to be—its glory and its wealth _.
Admitting , witb the political economists , that England is , at present , not sufficiently productive , I assume that the fault lies in our own defective mode of culture , not in the sterility of the soil ; and this granted , we dare the utterance of that wbich our would-be statesmen shrinkfrom asserting , namelythat our defective mode of culture is the inevitable result ofthe monopol y of land by large capitalists ! Nature has formed immutable laws for the government of her subjects ; laws which cannot be violated by individuals or classes , without injuring the whole community ; all her decrees
harmonise with each other ; all are based on the principle of general prosperity , and the happiness of mankind at large . Nature dictates , 'In the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat bread ; ' and she adds , ' la all labour there is profit ; ' bnt we bave violated her _decrees , and read ber _muTt-ns thus : * In the sweat of thy brow , shall _othera eat bread— -in the labour of the many , is the profit of tbe few . ' And , as might be expected from such cross-reading , we are left with the fruits of our own folly on our head , A few roll in luxury ; and the remainder in hunger , in nakedness , in brutal ignorance , and soul-debasing crime , stalk through the land .
Yet if we would follow the dictates of reason and common sense , we might rapidly alter our national position ; and , it is because I have , of late , seen a hope of tbis happy progression , that I have been led to address yon on the subject . The _Natkjxai . Land Company appears to me to open out to the English labourer a prospect of national prosperity from which be bas been long excluded . I have carefully studied the subject , and slewed it , as _! I believe , in all its hearings , and feel
convinced tnat the project contains the germs of a -new and a better order of things , not for one class , or one individual , bat for all , from the highest to the lowest ! An improved peasantry— -prosperous , intelligent , contented ; flourishingroanufacturers ; government composed of enlightened , patriotic , practical men—all these blessings exist in that new order of things of which the National Land Company is the foretaste . ' What great events from trivial causes spring !'
A faithless Helen elopes—and a ten years' war , witb aU its bloodshed and anarchy , are the results ! A few robbers and outlaws cong regate , and lo ! an empire is founded ! An old man carves hieroglyphics on the bark of a tree—and the printing press is established , and knowledge is spread over the astonished world . An apple falls , and tbe secret laws of Nature are revealed ! Is it then too much to hope that from this small tregmmng we may look for great results ? That in a different system of internal government , in a more j _^ mising-mode of cultivation of our land—in developing the _-rewnrees ofthis fertile island , we mav find a remedy for those evils which have to _eonVtantiyth-reatenedto _o-OTwhelmm ?
That labour may yet be wealth , and the labourer may find profit in his toa—tbat the manufacturer mav find a daily mcieasing home market for his goods , and no longer deyfMdon onrforeign relations ? The experiment is at least worth the trial , for in their present state the people cannot long remain . Ourieasantrj must be arrested to their onward progress towards paup _« Min--for difficult indeed will it be to raise them when bride that lowest point is gained . We may prevent , —to cure is almost impossible ; a nation ' s prosperity , like a _womanVhonour , is never to be regained . * Kty msy mourn , bat notrestore ; A . * nation' falls to rise no mors , "
J * ?! >^Ems '6fiievn0 Monopoly. ;Gihb^I...
But to the peculiar benefits of the Land Plan to _^ --noi-d _^^ ph _^^ * " _£ •; ' _^¦ _•^¦ - _^ _, W _?*^ tr - _^« _Sir w _^^» the Pa-opts shall have their due mi _, _*^ " _2 _^^^* S £ i 2 g : _tot which they m troth are to _others-thTS When once destroyed can never be supplied . ' - I am Sir , - , Faithfully yours , - , _PHttObBMOS . : •' Tin ! In 11 lin 1 1 in 1 _^ 1
. . British America- """""¦ From Canada ...
. . BRITISH AMERICA- """" " ¦ From Canada we h ' avelate bnt mteresfSne advices . there is no political news . The Montreal Transcript The subject of emigration , and tbe sickness which the great influx of destitute and diseased emigrants from tbe mother conntry has caused , ii almost the only one of _genetrftotBr _^ - ; anaweare » orry to » y that although he disease _whlchlu ' causedso much alarm throughout the wholaconntry , is confined in a great degree to emt grants , and to those having connection with them either as religious and medical attendants , or Hnrseisj or to those wbo have _iccaaUposly ' or for the take of gain admitted tbem to tbeir dwellings—still witb these it has sufleredbut little diminution . ' The crops throughout Canada , with bnt very few _excepttons , promise well ; all _feart of anything like a failure are now over . " ' ' : '' y- _ ¦ '' _' '' • : « ; * ¦
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . - _•** - ¦» Her Majesty ' s _16-gun sloop Pilot , Commander George K . Wilson ,. arrived at Plymouth on Monday . * _- . _'¦; , ; - .. ¦" .. " ;; . _*; : ¦ . *•' - : ' " _- - '¦ ¦ ¦¦ - ¦ ¦ Nothing of _iraportasce had transpired subsequent to the repulse ofthe English forces by the Kaffirs on the 15 th of Jone , when Lieutenant Russell , of the 45 th Regiment , was killed . The - Governor , Sir Henry Pottinger , was on the froritierV It was reported that the Boers , near Port Natal , were preparing to rise against the Colonial Government FRANCE . / It is quite evident from the Paris journals thatthe internal affairs of France are riot in a situation more satisfactory to the government than the external
relations of theconritry . Rumours of new- ' scandals ' are every moment propagated , arid ; whether well or _ill-fonnded _. prcduced a very lamentable effect upon thepublicmind , already . excited by proved instances of corruption . The Opposition dinners got up in the departments are also _causins something like alarm to the government ., tn anticipation , * it is supposed , of a necessity , for testing'the competencyof the detached forts' , tofceep Paris in check , the supplying : ' ofthose fortresses with' warlike stores of all kinds —cannons and mortars only excepted—was actively pursued . '"' ¦ - '• ¦ •¦ - ' •'"• - - - "; The march of reform ia Italy , and the amnesty permittirig the' return ' of General 'Espartero to Spain , ' are not at all palatable to the Trench govern-¦¦ _/ is
ment . V ' . ; _ - • : ' _--- _- _^ . ' -. " . ; .... • , _-m ... . _Abd-el-Kader has made himself masterofTaza , an'imp ' prtanttown irithe . EhVperbr of _Hlbrocco ' _s'dominions , and accordingto' the'latest 'accounts , was _nurchin ? towards Fez . .. _; c : ' . ' '' _- . _"<* ' - ¦¦ ' ¦ ¦ > ¦ '' ' ' The Ccmmeree ' states that the ' intervention of France in Morocco , against _Abd-el-Kaaer , _; was resolved at a Cabinet Council held on _Saturday . ''' ¦ - Another Cabinet Council was _heloV ' atSt Cloud on Monday , at which all the ministera were * pr esent .
The subjects of consideration were' understood to be the affairs of Spain and Italy : Queen Christina and the Duke of Riarizares arrived at the chateau at' « h early hour , arid had a long conferenco withtheKing and M . Guizot previous to _tbeasaerhblyof the ministers . ' * The recall of tte _Duke'de Glucksberg is'definitively settled ! ' '"''; ' - The gloomy accounts received from' aU quarters , both as to political and financial affaire , is the cause of considerable uneasiness in Pari ? , arid the funds and public stocks have suffered consequently a considerable decline .
Spain . - ' ; _-- ¦ We announced in our town edition of last week the recall of Espartero . The Madrid journals of the 5 th and 6 th are filled with accounts of the manifestations of joy with which the amnesty and royal _ordonriances' were received by the papulation . Crowds of persons thronged the streets , shouting 'Loriglive Espartero ! ' * Long live our constitutional Queen !' The Queen herself , ' oh proceedingbn horseback from the palace to the Prado , was surrounded by the crowd and received with the loudest acclamations . In the evening various parts of the city were illuminated .
The Queen drove to the bull fight iri the afternoon of the 5 th . In compliance with the bando of the authorities no cries were utteredori the Queen ' s passage , but on her entering the circus her Majesti ? was cheered with the utmost enthusiasm . ' General Narvaez had also repaired to the _bnll-fisht , but the gibes arid jeers of the spectators compelled him to make a hasty retreat before the entrance ofthe Queen . Letters from Madrid of the 8 th report the death ofthe famous cabeciHa Don Fernando Gomez , called the'Ebanista , and the destruction of his small band
near Lugo , by Captain Mendoza . The rebel chief was _discovered in the loft ' of a h 0 n 3 e nearOpacio . The grange was surrounded by the soldiery , and he was . invited to £ dve himself up , hii life having been guaranteed' He scorned the proposal , which'his experience had taueht him wonld not be obse'ved , issued out of hia hiding place j discharged his blunderbuss , and was killed by the soldien . A Bayonne letter ofthe 9 th instant mentions that a sanguinary encounter had lately taken place at _Tarea , asniall village in the north of Catalonia , in which a detachment of the Queen's _troops'had been routed and put totheswordbytheirisureent 8 . ¦
' PORTUGAL . Letters from Lisbon arid Oporto contain further accounts of military and Cabralist ruffianism . The office Of the _^ atfona _^ newHpaper , published in Oporto had been invaded by a body of soldiers' of the 3 rd ¦ te giment of Artillery , who destroy _^ tthety pei presses arid other property . The people ' cbnnected with the National attempted to defend themselves , on whicb thearined force interfered , and dragged away the editor , printers and all tbe persons connected with the paper , to prison ! Terror reigns in Oporto ; the fruit of Lord Palmerston ' t" poliey ' . By later intelligence we learn that the Miguelite chiefs , comprising nearly the whole of the nobility , Have _reived'to _support the _demtJcratio party atthe
forthcoming _^ election . ' _j The news from ingolaisof ah extraordinary decription . and most painful : it would appear that the Torres Vedras prisoners , victims" to the barbarous revenge ofthe Queen , had been treated with brutal severity , and that the _. Count of _BomSnrthe prisoner of most importance , together with his two sons , had been separated from their _combamons in exile , and sent offto the noxious and horrible locality _bfMossa _* medas on the coast south of Loanda , where , however , tbey did not remain long , for theinhabitant 3 , uniting with the small military force there , effected a revolation , and gave liberty-to the captives , and the Queen ' s governor arid some four or five others were in their turn placed under restraint , while the political prisoners , to' all forty-three , embarked onboard
a small Portuguese war-vessel at anchor there , with the intention of escaping to St Helena . Before , however , _their-preparationsrfor departure were' quite completed , CountBomfin , with a chivalrous feeling ; released the governor , with his three or fonr companions _, npon parole ; and basely was the indulgence taken advantage of , for immediately _following there appeared off the coast theEnglish cruiser the Flying Fish , Commander Dyke . The eovernorimmediately communicated with Captain Dyke , who made an attack upon the little Portuguese vessel with armed boats , and captured her and the unfortunate noblemen and gentlemen on board , and then taking fresh instructions from the governor , transferred them to htsown vessel , and delivered them oyer to the
governor of Loanda . Count Bomfin before being delivered np to the dungeons of Loanda , presented a paper to Captain Dyke , indignantly protesting , on behalf of himself and fellow captives , against this flagrant outrage , demanding tbe r authority forthe act , and claiming the protection ofthe British flag ; the remonstrance being sneered at , the count , a general officer , and a peer of Portugal , was immediately given np to the authorities to be confined in an African prison . The account has been received with general indignation .-Horrible barbarities ara taking place in all parts of Portugal . Two commercial travellers . Frenchmen were stopped by fonr ofthe Queen ' s troops and robbed ; one of the unfortunate Frenchmen was shot dead , and the other shockingly wounded .
x ' SWITZERLAND . Letters from Berne of the 9 th inst . announce _, thaton that day the Federal Diet resolved to adjourn to the 18 th of October , by a majority of 12 and two _hatf-cantons . The President next commnni . cated to the- assembly despatches from the Governmenta . _orZng , ynterwaHen , Friburg , and Valais , ¦ _S-S _^ M _^ _r _*? _"" _-P ° _" decrees of the Diet ofthe 20 fhpfJulyandthe llth of Auguat , relative to tiie Sonderbund ; and in which they give their entire adhesion to the protest entered into by their deputies , and reserved all the rights of their respec tivestates .
ITALY . Rour . —A letter from the capital says : — The alliance between the Pope and the King of Piedmont maybe considered certain . It'ls to be hoped that a similar arrangement will be entered into with Tuscany . M . Coreboli left for Florence fer tbat object . Austria has already been authorised by the Sokes of Hodena and Lucca to occupy their _dominions . The game cencassion . has been demanded far . Tuscany . Naples , which dreads tbe arrival of theEnglish fleet , and has b _;? n invitedbj _tberope to unite with bim , hesitates ,
. . British America- """""¦ From Canada ...
aad teems aeve « hele »» to'iBDhnB _towardaMS , ' - _^» , _w _aie _^ _eadytoraMUverftont _^ _g _^ cy / ' ma ' p _^^ _ciisary , _toaSiinlttal" _^ _-- _^ _- * _^^^ _" _^^ _s _^ ssst ' _Theorganigation ofthe civic guard at , Romoapl _?« w to be _actiwly proceeded with . ., _* .. _< _-yly _^ Theeitirena ofRimini -have _followed the noble _e-i-ample of those of Bologua , Ferrara , and Forli , in ofienog-their lives and possessions to his holiness , for conserving ! the independence of the . Roman see and ite territorial integrity .. _, ; . _„ .- / ' _,-.. _< , The anniversary of the amnesty was celebrated on the ? th and Sth . The _/« commenced by a demonstration to honour of Leonold . Grand Duke of
Tuscany , and of Charles Albert , King of Sardinia . The Prince of Canino ( sen of Lucien Bonaparte ) , with bi 3 son , and Dr Mas " , one of the editors of the Contemporaneo . all in the uniform of officers of the national guardi preceded by . persons carrying , torches , and followed by some thousands of the people , went to procession to to the Palazzo di Firense , the residence ofthe Tuscan minister , crying , . 'Long lire Leopold , '; "Honour to Tuscany , ' 'Long-live the Civic Guard . ' The minister presented himself ori the balcony , and replied , by shouting * Long live Pius IX . and the C ' vno Guard . " He then addressed them in the following words ; ---.,,
I am very sensible of _^ _thls spontaneous _andnnanfmons declaration in favour of my august sovereign , the Grand Duke Leopold the Second , and I shall not fail to commnnicate to his Boyal Highness . the sentiments of this important assemblage .. ; - . - .... . ! ; . _; _.. -, ' ii ( ,.--The Prince of Canino immediately cried , " Long live Italy . ' The cry . wascaught up and repeated with the utmost enthusiasm by the whole assembly . The crowd then defiled off in the same order to the residence ef the Sardinian : minister ., When they had reached it , lond . criea we ' re raised of * Long live Charles Albert , ' „' Long . live the ally of Pins IX . ' The Independence of Italy . ' The hotel was immediately lighted , up . The . Sardinian minister _presented _Jhimself _, waving a white handkerchief in token of acknowledgment , for it would havebeen impossible for his voice to be heard by the vast
multitude , who raised incessant cries of- ' Long live the leagnepf Italian states , 'while . the band struck up the hymn of Pius-IX . " Before the termination of the hymn there . was a general cry ' of aeasa , a casa , and the crowdquietly dispersed .. ' , On the 8 th there was a grand fete at the Piazza del Popalo , where the statue of . 'Pins IX . was raised . Two thousand national guards were drawn out _tipen the Place ... It would . be impossible ' to ; describo the enthusiasm of the multitude when ' . Pius IX . presented himself . It amounted to perfect frenzy .. He was hailed by repeated cries of' Long live the President ofthe Italian League . ' , .. ' . ; ... ' . ' . ' . . _:-, _iTosciKt . —A letterfrom ' Leghorn , of the 5 th , addressed to the Nouvelliste of Marseilles , says— ;; . ; A grand solemnity . yeterday . caused' great emotion among aU oar people ; enthusiasm wa ' Batits height ;
_hoparand happiness , were expressed by . every face ., Tbe town of Leghorn feted ' the authorisation to form a Tubcan National Guard , which has just been accorded by our sovereign ., _More , than ten thousand men were assembled under the national flag , surrounding busts ef Pitts IX ., andof Leopold II . Bands' of music , escorted by torches , traversed _^ the ' . ' town to , an advanced hour of the night . It is _tapbssible to give you aa jdeaof the cries of joy whieh arose from aU ' _parts among the crowds which circulated along the streets , or of the _rnanifestations of all klrids ' of which this popular _tete was the
subject .- . . AUthe windows were illumiB . _itedand decked ont . . This political revolution ; _is , . without contradiction , one of the most extraordinary pages ; 6 f onr history , as it has not been stained by adropof bloo ' a . ''; On . tbe 8 thof this month there is to be a renewal of the popular fete , in which , all the . ladies , dressed in white , and wearing the national _^ eoioura , are , to ' take part ' , ' ' The ; 8 rana Duke of Tuscany has received in solemn . audience if . Corbelli , as Legate _. Eitraordinary . sent ' by the Pope . _-The-. andieace laited . ' tivo . bonrs . , 'immediately , _? after ; the Grand Duke _assembled . tha ' Counoil , 'to , which he went .. accompanied , Jb y hi _» . " first . _MiriisterV _Couneijlor Compini , . .. : ' , ¦ , ; _,-.,. " " . _^ . ! . " . ' : " ' ' < .. ; ., '' , _; _, . ' ' „ .. ' _. . . ... _;; ¦;
~ The popular , celebration appointed for .. the 8 th ,. at Leghorn , was not confined to that city . The occasion was seized for like demonstrations elsewhere . At that city ,. at Pisa , and Sienna , but more especially at Genoa ,, . the ; manifestation assumed a most imposing cbaraoter .-vAt the latter city the people assembled in vast numbers , displaying the flags of Rome and Sardinia ; , and . paraded , the . streets . with cries in favour of Pius IX ., Charles ' Albert , the army , and . theindependence of Italy .. The cortege included the members of the families most distinguished among , the , Genoese noblesse ' , mingled with the mass ot the people . ' , ' ;; ' . ' . ' , ;
_v Letters from Leghorn , of the 9 th say , that since the Lncchese affair , the eicitemehc has only increased . The celebration , -appointed for the , 8 th took place withont disturbance .., The inhabitants of Pisa , availing themselves of , the railway , poured into Leghorn .., - The troops issued , from ; their quarters and fraternising with the people assumed the Itab _' an tri-colour . cockade .- A Te Deum was sung in the cathedral from the high , altar , _from . which the clergy blessed the national flag , the multitude being on their kneea . A Te Deum was afterwards celebrated in honour of the Pope arid the Grand Duke Leopold IJ . A statue of the grand duke was , exhibits damidst the acclamations ot the people , arid inspiriting and patriotic speeches delivered . .,. ;
_SABDisu .--vfhe National states that a report was prevalent at Turin on the 4 th inst . that , the King had received the ' reply ofthe Cabinet of Vienna to his declaration in favour of the independence of the Roman States . Anstria is said to . bave declared in that note that she was determined , not to tolerate the establishment of national guards in Italy . It is further asserted that the King ot . Sardinia in . his reply maintained his right and that of the Pope to defend themselves asbest they could . 7 ¦ At Turin there has taken place- the most important demonstration of all . The King having reviewed-tho garrison , and having placed himself ( in the usual way ) at a particular point , the :, troops defiled before him .. On passing _hisMajesty , one regitnent , the Riflemen ef the Alps , ¦ added to the usual cry of ' Loriglive the King , ' these emphatic
and significarit words—* Long live Pins IX , Long live Italy ; ' which was taken ap and echoed by every regiment on the ground . ' . ; "An agricultural association . is at present holding its sittings at Caaal .. In the course of the discussions , which were very warm and animated , a letter was read from Charles Albert to M . de _Castagneto , in which his Majesty says that ¦ :- if Austria does not gfve satisfaction to the Pope , he will himself declare a war of independence , and call upon all Italy to unite in driving the Austrians across the , Alps . This declaration produced a profound sensation . An address was immediately drawn up , to which in . a few hours many hundred signatures were attached . It prays for the formation of a national guard , 'to defend the town , ' while the army marches against theenemy . ' . .. _« . ' ,
-4 : ; : . ' , / _BttjBByoi . _irnoNiKi _. ncoA . Tbe Journal des Debats gives the following account of the events at Lucca , briefly noticed in our last- : _^ : - . _-r - ¦> ¦ _: .:. . . _,- _- . .. -. _>¦; -:, ¦ Our readers have been informed , that in _ceasequence of an emeute caused by tome arrests , the -Duke of Lucca issued on the lit of September a proclamation , promising reforms , and manifesting bis intention to enter the path of progress tor the welfare of bis people , . - The formation ofthe national guard was announced as decided upon , Oo returning to _Massa , it _seemi , the dake changed bis mind , declaring tbat the promises bad been violently extorted from him . Ilasia is a town in the duchy of Hodena , not far Lncca . This sudden change in the , in tentions of the Duke caused tbe greatest discontentment _.
The inhabitants of Lucca- rose en masti , and formed a oivic guard themselves . A numerous deputation , headed bythe Marquis _Maixarosa , who recently . resigned bis post of president of ; the Council of State ,-proceeded _^ to _Hassa to request the' duke to return : to his states . The duke replied by a decree establishing a regency ,. with M . Mazraroia at president '; . but the council of ministers refused to sanction it , and eDtreated ; the- duko to return . The agitation memntime Increased ; and , to compel bim to return , it was already proposed to seise his revenue , and place his palace under sequestration . Streams of people kept pouring into Lncca from all -, quarters , and each train from Pisa and Leghorn brought hundreds more . A band of women paraded tbe streets , carrying the Pontifical colours to _encoange the men . All
government had ceased , -when suddenly , at three iu the afternoon , the date made his appearance , accompanied by the hereditary prince , and was received with marked approbation .: The privileged journal of Lncca says :--' Our adored Sovereign , with bis Reyal Highness the Hereditary Prince , are at the present moment entering Lucca . -The populace assembled in great numbers , carrying the national colours , in the Great Square , where they saluted their Sovereign and at the hotel of the commandant bf the place , where the Italian flag had been hoisted , the _^ multitude shouted with a frenzied enthusiasm . Our correspondent adds that the hereditary duke was very much opposed to reform , bat tbat his wife , the sister of the Duke of Bordeaux , reminded bim of what bad happened seventeen years ago to ber own family , and advised him toyleld , which he did . ' r
The _Ztiaa Jonrndl of the 4 th , contains the _deeenption of the festivities which took place there , in consequeBce ofthe last Ducal manifesto . The people went in procession to meet the seven young men whose arrest had been the immediate cause of the effervescence of the preceding days . The Luouese , Tuscan , Pontifical , and national banners were displayed ; inthe evening military music paraded , the streets by torchlight , and a brilliant luumination took place . The bells ran * , and the criesof ; Long live _Carlo-Lodivico , Pius IX ., arid the Civic Guard ! , were loud . and frequent . . The Capitular Vipar of Luccaissnedanoticeof a religious ceremony in the Cathedral , te celebrate the happy event . THB _ISSUBRlOnOSB IN NAPW 8 AM > _SICILT . ¦ . NouveUitte , of Marseilles , publishes the following correspondence from Italy : — ' _.. _*„ ' MissiNi Sept . 3 .
, _Tf ou have heard , no doubt , of tbe in' urrection which has filled onr city with bloodshed . The people having broken out into revolt , took possession of the principal military stations , and then directed then-attacks against the citadel ; but tbe artillery making great ravages amongst tbe insurgents , they were , obliged to r . t ' re , the _troeps iu garrison atthe tame timo charging out . upon
. . British America- """""¦ From Canada ...
_^ Sii _*« _5 S _;^ " _!^* tbe § e " _. _arlons _engagements wag about imm _^ mT _•! _*^ ,, «* wd . a > hundredwooBded _^ . The insurgents hare retfrea to the bills which _surroiihTtbe . wliy « . _ . ' ' ' _- - _W-I , »« _-. _J it ; _i-t ( *;•* - ¦ ' - ' . i / _i v - ¦ : _'; - « -, _y . ¦ * i * , f \ . _, y ,, ,, •¦) ' - ' - -- _-,, _<« / - ¦¦ . " ¦{ " . . ir ¦ * - ; ..- - j _JKi _^ _^?^ _»?| ' »! n > Har to _tM at Messina was _% _«^^»^^ Palermo ' kridtrap 8 ni . ! ' _ItST _^ K . Calabri _^^ _was daily increasing . _mSS _& imi- y _* ° _^• ' 6 he _lusrirgents , who _crim-; S _| _S * _S- _"Mffit ; a > tho _Wtime ' as th _' at at g « v _ratptoer towris ;' aria mbre _^ p . bially'Cosensa , Shi ; , _!* ' . t olnt - _' W are . not aware ' _whati . tepi _™ ( ak 8 n * _the goverrim ' ent . Different bodies of _Kg _^' _^ _? Te P ***" Kntwitb the greatest speed
_f _ct _^ _v - _**^^^ - _^»^^ _l _** _w-a-ed in a nigb of Saturday . three _^ ,.. 4 entfn _^ ' plaoed _J" £ vicinity ofthe Bourbon _Mu-sum , _commlttea , „ lcWe ,-in the space ofa quarter of an hour , by _'diaobar _Blne im , _moshets in their mouths . This year five _otberiSwies "oldiers . were condemned te be shot ; and all underwerit execution with sangfroid , arid even ih _eknr-ssiiig their pleasure to die . Others have ' eommltted act « _efinsub : or d- naHoa expressly to incur the oipital ' penalty j but this being Imown , they _were ' eoridemried ' to the galleys ' £ '?' - 7 |! ey ?? _ff ) _alPett bitterly of this , arid said tbat they had . fa ledin their . ob * ectr Tho disgust of llfeiwbich _*?? i ? _!^ JW » _, * _e' 8 _wUrf . trobps of bur garrison h attributed to the _nnimadvewlori to which they are sub . jeqtedby the people of Naples , which bar taken' hatred agsmst . all foreigners , arid esp ' eoiaily the _Aiistrians _. ' urider which denomination it comprises all flermans without any exception .. . ... j . ' ' '•' . o _- _" . : ;¦•; : _... ; .
DISTURBANCES IK M _» MBAM > T . ' . _' A lotter frem Milan of the 9 th inst . ; ih the _Cons / _jtetiown-tsays : —> ' ; , ' ' " ; , - After 33 years of ; pVaoe and . tranquility , Milari has at length had its agitation . Thefollowing . are soine'de . tails of a disturbance which took place here last night . The popular / e _' «? and . illuminations for the reception of the new archbisb op ,. Uoris gnorR 6 miill , could not take place on the 5 th , on account of the _badaess of the ' weather , and were put off till yes t . rday . The people assembled in _thePiazxaFontana , crying , ' Longlive Romilli !' 'Longlive Pius IX J * when _siidd ' nly bbtweeri 500 anil 60 S persons came . from the Porta _Tesstne in martial order , shouting — - - Italy for ever ! ' and singing in loud chorus Bossini _' s hymn , to Plus IX , The police Immediately sent a company of mounted gendarmes to disperse the
thousands of people gathered in tbe square and no one can dc plot the scene of confusion that ensued , . Tbe 500 or 600 ofthe populace kept tbeir ground , arid resisted tlie armed force , shouting— ' Down with the police ! Down with tbe ; Austrians !' - The ; riot } soon ( became so serio _' _us that the new archbishop went don ninto the square , ' accompanied by M ; Greppi , ' _^ the municipal counsellor ; and harangued the people ; M . ' . ' jSreppi also , addressing them as friends and _comtadesl The rioters" removed from . the square ,, but _re-asseriibledi ' in nnqther place / All the _paU-ols ofthe police and the _, trodp 3 Were _assailed , _diaarmedj aad _insulte . d _^ byh ' _avingthitir' ¦ 'fiees spit upon , amidst cries of ' Down _. _^^ _^ wlth the _^ _Germans _' _lY . Tbere Was alsoauother . moTement ' inithe ' Campo Santo |; and inthe twinkling of an -. eye thepolicemen , ' gendarmes , and troops were compelled to give way , to _; tho superior , force of tbo populace ; At a later hourfurther reiriforcements came
up , and by fonr in tbo _morninc order was nearly restored . But we apprehend there .. will bi ' reriewed disturbances _tbisereniog . __ -, _-,- <_ y . _i :- . . ' ' y ' . ' ,. _t ... """ . '' . - . Letters from Parma represent ; the , excitemerit in that duoby to ,, be extreme , arid say that ' ; the . Count de Bombelles _, at one ofthe last meetings of the council of state , declared _thatCa ' general amnesty and the liberation of thestate prisone--s . were , the " only means of putting a term to the fermentation which followed
the celebration of the election of Pius IX . The majority . ' of the council . was , of a contrary opinion ;' and the _cOunt . quitted the meeting in anger . dA'letter from ; ( Cremona of ihe 2 nd ; iii . the Nuremi berg Correspondent , states that somedisturbarice had taken place in that town , in Padua , arid in Brescia ; No particulars are given , . except that at Cremona , the ; public having demanded at the . theatre thatthe orchestra should play _; the - hymn ' of _. Pius IX ;'; the police opposed it ,, and _, a ; riot ensued . ; The armed force , was at last sent for to clear the house .
v . v .:. . GREECE .,. v . ; . Tho suppression of Griziotti ' s insurrection is confirmed . by the Athens papers , and ; the accident which led to it is thus told by , the Athens Courrier . — _, ; On the 18 th ult ., a 8 Griziotti was inspecting the trenches , under a fire of artillery , a spent ball carried off tbe wrist of his left arm .. Thus crippled , deprived of all medical assistance , and feeling the impossibility of prolonging his resistance , he engaged his men to assist iri covering hi 9 retreat and retire immediately to their homes . He was carried on a litter to Koumi , after the stump of his arm had been plunged into boiling pitch to
stop the hemorrhage . This painful operation was endured with singular sangfroid by this veteran general , now nearly a septuagenarian . Arrived at Koumi on the 20 th , he embarked in a schooner with sixty-seven ; men , among whom Colonel Scourtaniottl ' and Major Gerv as were distinguished .. They set sail ; for Scioi where , according to the report of a merchant captain , ' Grlziotti _arrived before the steamer O . ho arid the schooner Nautilus _^ sent in pursuit of . bim , could reach' him . In the meantime , General Gardikiotis , informed by a prisoner en the 19 th of . tbe accident which had . happened to Griziotti , marched his troops iato tho entrenched camp of the insurgents , who ,, after as / iarp fusilfade , ' dispersed . ¦ ¦¦
= -. _= ¦ . PERSIA _.-:- ; _-u . . .. . Accounts havebeen received from Persia , by . way of Trebizonde , of avery serious nature . An insurrection had broken out among the troops encamped round Teheran , and the authorities , in Older to put down this formidable movement , were forced to yield everything demanded bythe insurgents . One of the'first demands wa 3 with respect to their pay , which had been'ln arrears for a considerable time . This and the _otherdemands of the soldiers having been granted , tranquillity was restored .
1 . THB WAR I « IHE CAUCASUS . Correspondence from Constantinople of the 28 th says , that the news from the . Caucasus continues to be highly favourable to Schamyl , and that there oan be no doubt of his having obtained signal advantages over the Russians this year ..,,: ; v
UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . . The Royal mail steam-ship Cambria , Captain _Judkins , arrived in _theMersoy at noon on Monday , after one of the quickest runs across the Atlantic on record _. The next _lioNse of Representatives will contain a majority of _Whigs . _-: By ithe elections thus far , the Whigs have 113 and' the Democrats 94 members . Elections are yet to take place for 21 members only , and Bhould these result according tothe last Congressional election—tbat is'to say ,- in :, the choice j of 17 Democrats and -4- Whigs—the Whig maj _» ity will nevertheless be six in a full _heuse . - > ¦
' There is a story going the round . of the Amerioan _preBS , to the effect that a seaman had been forcibly taken at sea , 'from the : Boston ship Brookline , by her Britannic Majesty ' s " steam frigate Columbia : We hope the statement will prove to be ineorrect , as a few such ooourrences would infallibly lead to a war . Fires'have been frequent in the largo cities within the last few days . 'In'New York two , firemen have been killed by the falling of walls ; and in Philadelphia , at the burning of an extensive sugar-house , two estimable men were killed , and seven dangerously wounded .- " ' - ' ' ' _-:- _" - _¦^ _^ - ¦ . ' , ' : ¦¦ - _yi \ _J-iu-.- _;^;; _,-
Accounts from Mexico down to the 15 th ult ., have been ' received . " Paredes had returned to Mexico from bis exile , having been landed from the British steamer , arid set off for the interior belore the Araericariarithorities ' couldstoo him . The Teviotreached Vera Croz , ' with Paredes , on tbe 14 th ult ; , and the Americari journals ,- whioh are involved ; in complete perplexity as to thol probable result of this new feature in _politicalaffairs , seem disposed to charge the commander with aiding the chief to deceive the _Ame- _^ rican authorities / -- * : ?¦" :.. _% =: ' ¦ ¦ - ¦ -: _<} - « . ¦ ¦ ' _¦¦ '' 7- : ¦¦ ¦ ¦ General Scott had not yet marched on the capital . The Americans were suffering considerable loss from the attacks of guerillas . . ¦ ' _¦' - ' - _¦ _' ' _¦¦<'¦<
~ : Fal«Ewewhts Ahb Meabneb8,--A Bin Jok...
~ : Fal « _eWewhts ahb MEABnEB 8 ,--A Bin Joke . —Mr -f .-Hugbe » , _aWghly-riespectable fish-salesman in Billingsgate-market , was _snmmoned by Mr Harvard , one of the inspectors of weights and measures ; for having a beam arid scale UDJuet tothe extent of Jib . on ibis premises . Turner , 'the _inspectors assistant , proved tho case . The deficienovwascaused by a pieee _^ of string having a weight at each end being affixed tothe bar which sus _< _pended the buyer ' s scale . The defendant did' uot deny that the weights had been found as stated , but they had riot been therefor more than a- minute . _His ' _next-doo * neighbour , a tradesman who would scorn anything like
fraud _. ' _popped tbem on / as a mere joke , never contem . rilatirig the serious _consequents that might ensue . Mr Aldorrrian Copeland said it was a very bad joke for the _defehiiarit . _Vfas tbe neigbbow present 1 Tho guUtj party , understood to be Mr Fleming Hewell , stood forward and admitted playing off the joke on the defendant ' s scales . Mr Alderman Cop-land : Then you ougbt to' pay the fine . Mr Hewell : And so I will , yocr worship . Mr Alderman Copeland : Then pay 5 s . to our poor-box , and the summons is dismissed . Mr Hewell _pulledoutblspurse and paid the donation , evidently delighted with the idea of saving ' the reputation of tbe mistaken offender ,: J _= - i _.-
Bath—Fiowbr _Snow .-The . fifth _^ exhibition _^ of the Bath Horticultural Society , and the _^ last for the season , at Sydney Gardens , was _^ unanimously _^ admitted to be very good , arid the fruit ; attracted , likewise , ereat attention and . admiration . > The upper part ofthe chief stand was decorated with- some fine specimens of _fusohias and balsams ; and the side stands displayed some / fines in pots andin fullbearing . beneath ope of which appeared a splendid basket of artificial flowers (' so cunningly devised as to defy thecloBes -i _inspeitiou' ) sent by Miss Germame _; and which was highly commended fer ite beauty . The numerous prizeB wero distributed into classes , for nurserymen , amateurs , and cottagers . Among the successful " . amateur competitors were Colonel Miles , the . Rev , Rhodes , Major _PJckwick , Major Davis _. _& o , ' "' ' '
The . Expijosion; > On 'Eoard>I The.;:;;...
the . expijosion ; _> on 'eoard _> i the . ; : ;; ¦ _cricketsteajS"" , _^
_,,, _™ _" _** _* _" _™ _" ,...,.. % 1 , ' _^ p / O-f RNED _ISqrjBSI . '' . _' i . Befpre-Mr Bedford , ' at , St Martin's Workhouse , by adjournment from Monday week , on the bodies of those hilled by the above ; catastrophe . --. .. Mr li . Chambers , Q _' . 'C . ; attended on behalf of the proprietors of the boat ; Mr Jameson behalf ofthe Messrs . Jojce , tKocoristriictors of the vessel arid machinery- and Mr M'lntyrc on the part rif the relatives of the deceased John Buckley ; ' ¦ ¦ '" : ' JuphetEdwards , " of ' 6 , _Perseverance-place . Ridcliffe . highway , _stokor , . said , in the la ' tier end of _Junei 1816 , be joined the ' Cricket os stoker . Remained about nix weeks . In . the beginning of April last joined again , and remained about ft month . That was the last time he
was employed " _nlier . Occasionally lie drove the engine a journey of two in tbaabsence of the ' engineer , Thomas Clarke was _engir . eir In the beginning of April last . After Clarke had been thero some few days the boat lost speed very much . There was a' great escape of steam from the trunnions , through Clarke ' s neglect , by the packing not boing properly attended fo ; There were frequent complaints mado by tho enptain of decrease of speed . At that time Clark tied down both the safety valves , by tieing a piece of' _spuri-yarn * from tha lever pf . the ' valves outside tho woight , which was then brought down in front of the _boili-r and attached to two _spilte nails drove in the beam . The " string ' was so tight that when fastened down it was _impossible ' lor the valves toaet . ' . ' 'Saw the ' valves ' in" that condition almost con-1
tinually for upwardsof a fortnight , - _Occssioiially the _valyes were lot _Ioobb on the boat coming alongside of the pier , but never when tinder Weigh ;; Has' frequently let thorn go on coming _niorigside the pier when * Clarke ' s back was turned . Clarke always made therii fast again thc moment he heard the steam going off , and would rebuke witness for letting theni _n ' o . ' Witness frequently ¦ poke to him about ft . ' Toldhifn that he had better mind what he was about , or that _sdivothihg would occur . .. 'jSaid , to him on oneoceasion , ' Sly life is as sweet as yours , and though you nro fool haniy I am not ; ' end Cl * rke . at once rtnUed , ' My Ilfo U ns sweet ; as yours , mind your own business . '' The engines would often get '
hot . _^ Never saw tlierii , git hot except when the valves were tled ; dqwri or before Clarke came on boari _* . Never taw them get hot at other times except when the boat bad _beeri ' _waltmg four ' or fire hours alongside of a pier in foggy weather , with the steam up . The engines would get so hot when the valves _wcrb tied down , that they would not condense the steam . Witness spoke to tlie captain repeatedly about it . On one _wceasion tbe captain asked hirii what he thought would happen , nnd witness said tho probable consi ' _querics would be , that every ono on bonrd would be blown up and killed . On Friday whcnClaike was " calledori board the Bee , an engineer , named Buttress , came down in his place , and on seeing the valves tied down ' be ran over wiih both
his bands stretched out , and unloosed both of them _. One Sunday in April 'two of _Clarko-s friends came oa _board _. _Vnd brought gin with them . Witness broug ft another pititofKtri down for them , ' and Clarke became intoxicated . _Witnesslet off the steam- and _slai-kt-ned thi fires , and iyent above . lie heard tho ' stenm stop blowing off , nnd on going , down saw tlie ' ' valves tied , Spblfe to Clarke abpnt it _. and went arid untiod the valves . Clarka ni & de them fist again , and _tolil witness to mind his own business ' . There were 400 _pe-sons on _boai _# at " the . time , the boat being _alongside ' the AdcJpbf . pier . Witness _shortly after heard a noise in the boiler , as if ; the plates ' were _str «' . t ' chin 9 ; . or _Eivinir . ' and _aca _' ti
spoke ' tbetarke , hut _. ' witho ' ut effect , and then went up arid , spoke to tlio captain of the _dsriger , ' There va 3 a _steiim gauge on _bonrdl _, " Their _usualfbrceolgoirgwas forty degrees , but . wheii the valves were tied down the mercuo would rise ' _. ' to 44 ; . degrees , aud " then the mercury would get . mixed with water arid steaui , and _bi-corae _corifu-ed , to that no one could tell at what h ' _-ight the gauge was . _ ' . Never heard whi ' t pressure the engine was intended tb ' . bear , ; ; bnt no ' doubt ' _tliat' fact was made known to ' tlie engineer . ' As soon _» 3 the gauge got up to 40 pounds oa the square inch the / safety Valves would rise lip and let the steam blow iff , unless a pressure were putupon them . ' ' " ' ¦ . _' _.-.-.,
By the jury - . I am not certain whether I ever saw the valyes rise at thirty-six pounds . I havo nothing more to add , except thot I _havesccnClarke place a fire bar , welshing about 141 bs ,-across the levers of the valves , snd lie would then regulate the _prissuva by moving tbat backwards nnd forwards ; When he brought it nearer the end of the lever there was more pressure . This was done when the , valves we ' re tied . Therewas no ill-will between him nnd Clarke , except that we often had words about the tying / down / of the valves . Clarke would say , -Mind your own' business ; I must make the boat go , and tbe only' wiiy to do that is
te ) keep the steam on . ' When I _complainsd to theeaptai ' n , he ' . told the superintendent . ; Ori the Satnrday after the occurrence that I havo spoken of on Sunday , I was discharged . . I went to Mr Smith to know tbe cause of my beiue ; discharged . ' Mr Smith said it was in consequence ofthe oration Ijmade on the Sunday before . I said I _thou-ht I onght to be commended ; instead tf being blamed ' for that , and ha said tbatin consequence of the leud _tono in which I _spoko to the captain , a ereat many personshad left the boat . What I said to the captain on the Sunday was , ' If you allow these _practices to be carried on by Clarke , sooner or later you will have an accident . '
. By Mr James- . When I first went on board the Cricket , the boiler and machinery were entirely new . The Coroner : How do you know that!—Witness : 1 have sufficient experience to know new machinery . I know that Kent was in tho employ of Messrs Jojce , nnd was sent on board on the first working of the ongines . [ The witness was here handed a model of tho top part of the safety valve and a plan of the engine , asd explained the mode in which tfee valve worked . ] The effect of lying down the valve was to create an unfair pressure 00 tbe boilers , and if continued fir a long time would wear them ; away . . Leakage would happen from the package not being attended to , independent of any defect in the boiler . The leakage of the _steozn at tbe trunnions would not be at all caused by unsoundness ef the boiler .
In reply to Mr M Intyro , the _winess stated that Clarke said to him , ' I do not caro a d—n abont either Mr Joyce or Mr Meecham . I am pnt here tom _& ke the boat go , and go she must . ' The speed of tbe boat was increased by the tying of tbe valve for a few revolutions , until the engine got hot , and there was time then lost in cooling it . . _'¦ : " _- ,... .. Several passengers by tbe Cricket here deposed as to _s . eeing thevalves ' tieddown , andtothe danger accruing therefrom . Mr Henry Craice , of 11 , Adam-street , Adelphi , surveyor , examined : I was on _bsard the Cricket boat at tba time of the explosion . There was ne escape of steam during the time I was on board . . I was on board from four to five minutes _bsfore the explosion took place . The boat was attached to the pier and was afloat at the time . . _¦ . _- '¦
By Mr James : I consider that a steamer should not ba five minutes at a pier without the _e'eam being let off . I was is the habit of going almost dally by tbe company's boats . The boat , was Just after arriving , and the passengers wero coming on shore as I went down to get on board , William Warren , , Diana-place , New-road , engineer , examined : Is employed in the King _' _sjCoIlege workshop . Has been often-on board the Cricket , and noticed the safety valves . The first time he _noticed them was about the middle of April last . On arriving at the Londonbridge pier , he remained on board with the intention of returning in the boat to the Adelphi . After a minute or two be observed that there was no steam escaping , and he then looked into tho steam box , and _discorereda piece of spun yarn attached to the lever of tho safrty valre . It was tied as near the end farthest from tbo fulcrum as it could be . Went immediately down into the engine room . Saw a man stoking there , but nobody else . On looking
round he saw two ropes attached , one to each valve . There was one valve to each boiler tied . _, Both the ropt s were fixed tothe beam , but whether by nails or atopics be could not say . He _tencbed _tberapesand found them tremendously tight . Tbey wero very tight indeed , and they operated in this way , that the safety valve was no safety valve at all with them . He made an observation to tbe man that was stoking , who said , 'Oh . that is nothing . ' He replUd _, ' Oh , ain ' t it . ' He Immediately went up and got to the farthest part of the boat . Was oa board again abeut the end of the same month , and he then found the valves at liberty , and the steam blew off when they got to tbe pier . Was on board again on the Wednesday or Thursday bf fore she blew up Found that both the valves were fastened down then as on the first occasion . Did not go below thin , and got off the boat as soon as he could , A person doing so often gets into scrapes , and there is danger ofa working man losing his employment in consequence . '
. By Mr Mlntyre : If the spring valves were not fastened down the steam would have escaped from them when tbe other valves were tied down on the steamer arriviogat tho pier . The witness _bagged to add tbat his opinion was , that the boiler burst from pressure , and not from shortness of water Ho considered it was impossible to construct a boiler so thick that it would not burst without a safetyvalve . Mr John D . Smith , of Bodford-square , distiller , waa tben examined with regard to the ownership ofthe boat . Restated tbat tho boat was tbe joint property of himself , Mr William Corry , of _Verulam . _building , _Sray _. _s inn . lane , Mr Alderman Thompson , nnd Mr William Formao , , ot the iron works , _London-brlige . The Cricket boat an * i machinery were built by Mr Joyce , by contract , in 1845 . his to
Has been constantly on board , hoping by presence keep everything in order , and that those on board did thebt duty . Never heard anything about the _safety-valw being tied until the quarrel between tho stoker and « . ** engineer , which they hadheaid of In the evidence . Waa in the habit of going below , but did not notice tho valves tied . It was _*» -ety possible that such a thing might have occurred without his seeing it , as he could not _imaglne tbat suoh a thing would be attempted , ond did net look for _i * . Ho had lost one ofhis eyes during the past year , and could not since tben see as well as previously , but still he thinks he would have noticed such a thing if it had been dono . The engineers have tho power of choosing their own stokers , as it is supposed lhat they are best able to judge ofthe capabilities of tip * _mea . The man who made , ths _ccmi-Uxiat had cot . a > . tbe . viae , the ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 18, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_18091847/page/7/
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