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Poetry )BpBCBMBBB lg, 1847. THE NORTHERN...
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-Poetry - «S AATHH
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BA<tBACtAT IOKANDBEPEHrAHCB Foa -jajikQ ...
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SEVEN LETTERS ON THE RECENT POLL TICS OF...
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Simmonds's Colonial Magazine. December. ...
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Howitt 8 Journal. Part XI. Mr Howitt's i...
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IRISH DEMOCRATIC CONFEDERATION. The Iris...
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Rotal Polvtbchnic Instiiuiion.—Although ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Poetry )Bpbcbmbbb Lg, 1847. The Northern...
) _BpBCBMBBB lg , 1847 . THE NORTHERN STAR _. 3 1- _•?¦* ~"" _^^^^ _^^^^¦ _Ml _^ _- _** _- "" _f-- _*»** _-M--..-M , * - *_ ¦ -. - " _-y * ** ** - _>¦» ¦ •?; _»¦** ¦ " •• * * " ? * _" _* _^ —
-Poetry - «S Aathh
_-Poetry - « S AATHH
Ba<Tbactat Iokandbepehrahcb Foa -Jajikq ...
BA < tBACtAT IOKANDBEPEHrAHCB Foa -jajikQ _iPiiLBD LOUIS . PHIMPPB AH HONEST MAK . -J iFtm aNeieEdmiMefDrMiuik _*^* Poe _^^ _fei yaiIwuwtoag , _* _jareiyimag , 1 In tbeeuloginmefmyltygo go I indite another song , 1 To clear my conscience while I ma- * . T * Two years ago I thought bim wise—I thought him virtnons of latent-Bi Bnt time has purified my eye » , And I repeat me—I repent I
11 I thought and called him ftontst man , Unswayed by dirty love of pelf ; T Too great to crave—too wise to plan A mean advantage for himself . I I thoug ht his high sagacious mind , A star to guide the nations sent ; I But I w « s _huty—I was blind , And I repent me—I repent ! I I thoug ht be loved Ms native land , And wished its ancient fends to cease * I thought his firm and temperate hand * A sacred guarantee of peace ; 1 Thathe desired aU earth to dwell In friendship , freedom and content ; ] Bat I was wrong—I see it well , And I repent me—I repent ! I knew net that his fingers itched
por ducats tempting , bnt defiled ; That he conld bear to be enriched Upon tbe ruin ofa child ; That lust of power bad drained his mlnci Of virtues , once its ornament— . Ofjustice , bononr , love of kind ; But I repent me—I repent ! I sever thought bim lost to shame Or that , in lewd unmanly plot , ' He could conspire to blast the f * me And life of one tbat banned him not ! That , to destroy a helpless girl , He'd pander , bully , _circumvent ; I couldnot ' think him such a churl ; Bnt I repent me—I repent ! ' ' I did not think that pelf or power Could make hitnplay so foul a part ; That he could barter for & dower
A nation ' s weal—a sovereign ' s heart . That he could peril France aad Spain-All Europe—sooner than relent ; ButI was biassed , itis plain , And I repent me—I repent I Nor I alone : —a murmur flies O ' er Europe—and men ' s bosoms glow _Ifidigntnt , at before their eyes Is played this melodrame of woe . Pienchmen that loved him , clench their hands . And wait a time , new imminent , To show to Prance and all the lands , That they repent—that they repent !
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Taifs Edinburgh Magazine . December . Edinburgh : Sutherland and Knox . London : Simpkin and Marshall . , 'What is to _bsdone with Ireland ? ' is a question wmen the opening article of this number professes to answer . _ Weare sorry to Bee the writer in Tau performing the part of an apologist for the Irish landlords , > hose extermination of the peasantry , he , to say the least , excuses . We are , however , pleased to be able to add that we cordially agree with his strictures upon the Irish Poor Law , and as heartily concur with his idea , that'Ireland must be physically saved by and out of Irish soil . ' He strongly urges the bringing of the four millions of waste , but cultivatable land in Ireland , into a state of tillage . '
' This woald add one fourth to Ireland , reduce the land pressure by twenty-five per cent ., and prove the non-necessity for emigration . ' The lovers of' light reading' will fiad much to gratify them in the story of Ftfratenruhe , ' the tale of « The Lion aad the Panther , ' and the review of Madame Wolfensberger ' s novel of ' All Classes . ' We suppose that De _Quincys -prose run mad' is religiously esohewed by the readers of Tau . To have it supposed that we read his stark-staring nonsense we should consider an Imputation on our sanity . The criticism on ? J _J . ? l } y " much pleasanter leading than most of larV-rUnl ' an ' _s productions . , _* We are sorry to learn from the-Political Register ' that the condition of the Highland population _iste the full as appalling as thatof the Irish peasantry . Yet well knowing this , Ministers are about to adjourn the sittings of Parliament till February , without providing any means of relief fer the destitute ! * A wa ! Whigs , awa ! '
Seven Letters On The Recent Poll Tics Of...
SEVEN LETTERS ON THE RECENT POLL TICS OF SWITZERLAND-By George Grote Esq ., Author of a ' History of Greece ' . Londoa T . C . Newby , 72 , Mortimer-street , Cavendish
square . Whoever would comprehend the events which have recently _convulsed Switzerland , asd igitated Europe , _jusst read this book—a valuable _contriBution to the history of the present tines . We shall present onr leaders with an abstract of Mr Grate ' s exposition of S wiss politics . Switzerland consists of twenty-two cantons , each laving one vote in the Diet , though there is the greatest inequality between them in wealth aad population ; Berne containing about 430 , 000 inhabitants , and Zurich about 230 , 000 , while Uri corn * prises only 15 , 000 . Each canton is independent and
• avereign , except insofar as it is bound by the provisions of thc Federal pact , or by resolutions ofthe j ) i ( t , in fulfilment of , and in conformity with , the pact . Bale , Appenzell , and Unterwalden , are divided each into two half cantos ** , each half canton sovereign and independent . The two sections of Bale ( town and country ) , and of Appenzell _( Inner-Shoden and _Aasser-Rhoden ) , are almost always politically opposed , and being so , their votes are , of tours ? , neutralised in the Diet . The Swiss people number in all abont 2 , 400 , 000 inhabitants , of whom sbout 900 , 000 are Catholics , the remainder Protes tants .
The Federal pact was framed in 1815 , ia place of tte constitution called the Act of Mediation , introduced by Napoleon , and which shared his fall . The pact was the product ot a time when the patrician families , in polities and _Ultramontaneinflnences inreli gon were inasiateoftrii-mphant reaction against the restraints imposed npon them from 1798 downward , Since 1830 almost all the cantonal governments have undergone a radical change , and bave become thoroughly popularised ; so that the Federal pact re-Bains as the only unaltered relic of an odious time . In 1832 the majority of the Diet recognised the necessity of modifying it . A committee propounded a scheme of Federal reform , which was signed by the deputies of fourteen cantons ( including Berne , Zurich , and Lueerne ) , and recommended by them to tbe whole of Switzerland . The suggested refonn was , howeverrejected .
, The introduction of religion as a weapon of excitement for political purposes has had a baneful -Sect upon the peace of Switzerland . It was a Protestant canton which first set this bad example . It was at Zurich , in September , 1839 , that the Fadical government of that canton was violentlj' overthrown , in consequence of their nomination of Dr Straois to a chair of theology . The clergy thundered fr om tbe pulpits , until they had so excited publie fanaticism that the government was obliged to give way , and cancel the aomiaation . Bat the
clergy did not stop here . They organised ' Committees of Faith , ' composed of clergymen as well as laymen ; preached insurrection throughout the _Tillages ; prevailed npon a large nnmber of the rural population to take np arms nnder the cry of " Religion in danger ! ' and marched into the city to pat down the government by force . A clergyman named Hinel was actually at the head of these armed assailants , who drove the executive ont of the city . The new government styled itself Conservative (!) sad after _causTHij anarchy _andbloodshed , proclaimed jfaereign of order' and religion V .
The exampleset bythe Protestant clergy of Zurich , ns speedily followed by the Catholie priests of S lucerne , who . howeTer , regained their ascendancy by peaceable means . In the canton of Zttncn , tne dental party whichacquired power by therevolution 1 of 1839 , lost it by the quiet change of electoral maijorityinl 845 . There is now , thanis to the progress I of popular enlightenment , not much chance that tne ! Protestant peaee-monthiBg firebrands will ever again I be - _^> le to obtain their fatal su premacy . Zurich i is now very properly ashamed of its past fanaticism . _5 In the Catholic _eanbrnofS-ileui-ev in Argan , where I "bout _two-fifths of the _inhabitants are Catholics , and 6 b the Catholic portion of Berne , ' Catholic Unions ' _? * ere formed , intended to play a part similar to that ipafbrmed by the _'Ctoramittees of Faith * in the I .-. — . _ r ** ... ; .. *» Tn ism _tdan _viero oiaht .
fnnnas-M feriea in the canton of _Argao—fonr of nuns and four M of monks—two of the latter , Muri andWettengen , fa neb . These convents were throughout 18 i 0 the I P great seats of the poh _' fa ' co-religious agitation then mvBnw forward . That year tiie _cons-atutaons ol I Solenre and Argaa bad to _bermbmitted topo _* mlarr _# TisIon , theresiiItofwMchwasnnfevoBraWetc » tIieviews ofthe Catholic agitators . Not choosing to acquiesce in the pacific solution which had gone against them , they had reconree to arms ; samnltaneons _r-sipgsi _toos place in Solenre and Argaa—this occurred in 1841 . InAnjau the rising took place in the unmediate neighbourhood of the convents , whose inmates fomented it in every way ; their buildings having been made places for the concealment of arms and
munifions ; their funds employed to distribute _**™?» bandy , and money , among the insurgents ; and their * rmed servants and dependents in the foremost ranfis rf the latter . It happened that ftegovafii _^ _'inta ot Solenre and Argau wero able to suppress these t _^ gerBonsrising 3 . The msnrgenfe were pnt down * _nd disarmed , and the leaders , as well as the monks bdonging to the implicated convents , fled to Lncerne . is a consequence of the ' _insanrectioa , the Argown Steal Council was forthwith assembled , and imme * fiately decreed the suppression of the convents . Provision for life was made for tbe existing inmates ; _•• _U the remaining conventual properties were _coiae _* _tatedto the religions worship , the instruction , the _ebritable purposes , and general welfare , of the Oar whidibad
_thoUecommnnes—those very commnnes ; inst been engaged in _actadinsiwrection . The decree oppressingtheconvents , and _applyrngtbe P » perty _« s above stated , _wosproposedin Gnaalby oneof the lading Catholics in _Argatt-Augusttn \ Wer , _^ _? rL _$ fbt Catholie _Seminary _. -cmd received , the support of ft-am Catholie members . There is , _however , in the Federal pact an article guaranteeing the perpetaityol _Uieconvents . a 3 theywei * efonndinl 8 l 5 . When tte Diet assembled , theeanton of Lucerne denouncedthe _tontesaon of the Argovian convents , and demanded _fceir compulsory and unconditional restoration , abb -Wyof Argau defended theact of his canton , by ifepng the flagrant rebellion of which the convents W recently been instigators and accomphces . ine to sanctum the
_-fcjority ofthe Diet , while refusing ta tf J _^ lVsed _» resolution _toamwt ftnerally of what had been done _> to _^ Argau , and wrailing that it should be modified , but withont exl * edy prescribing how . The question ****** aster I on * and angry debate , during the sittings of -811 and l 842-no majority being obtained for _wy _ftsitive conclusion . At length , in the session of IM _* we canton of Argau enlarged an offer of compromise tt had previously made , by _preposiag to restore all « e _fonrsnppressed female convents . This offer fas _OEld to be satisfactory by the majority of the Diet , *& d a vote was passed in the session of 1843 to treat Uie snbject as settled . Let this fact be noted : Lucerne in instigating the ** Oation ol the Sonderbnnd . and indudne the pri-
Seven Letters On The Recent Poll Tics Of...
SHHP-9 S 5 ES _iMteflra-TCte K _£ . the W * _tT _^ therif _* ht in » _£ _T- * .- * B _** _-. If Lncerne had like _aoverei _fSS , exited £ aS * _? Wtueo ! _% _" oonw . ntu i * * " _^ 8 l for AlEau to suppress the _S 2 S . « _T bad ae - _" -tho-ity to compel Areau to _SkS _? _-SnW 11 _? _J _^ _to from Lucerne . anddis-Sahtofwt _ftU _^ But Me sre Mey _« and Co . rh ? n _^ _± - tetthepactt 08 nit their own views ; when those views are not held by the maioritv th _. n _SSSffJESft _^ _^ _S & Ss _SSnfiif' _^« federat «?' and f 0 rth _* _W « - _PiODge ft _ftS 2 £ l"S _^ _^ happens - fortonate ' y _mii _^ - _' _v' _^ theur P ° were ior _^ e com-2 ° ° mixhKi _*** not e 1 nal totheirinten-. «• _- _.
irI-S _^ _t ? e _residing canton in the years l « 3- _& . and became associated with the League of Sarnen _. _aleagueformed about 1832 , for thelXose of resisting _^ _dical principles . This _leagne SSS precursor otth - _^( Sonderb und . In the year 1843 , the State Gazem of _CatiieUt Switzerland , the organ of the league , openly advocated , a dismemberment of bwitzerland . lt waspretended that this dismemberment was necessary for the protection of the Catholic religion ; butmpoint offset , the Catholio _religien _to never -liad any oppression to complain ofin _Smtaerland . The Protestants have , indeed , some reason to complain , for they are excluded from all _pohticalrightsm Lucerne and its confederate cantons , while there is no analogous exclusion of
* i ! _£ oMc 8 ° * _c 811 _* _" , mostly Protestant . The canton of Valais ia altogether Catholic , but the Upper and I « wer _Valaaiansare of different race and language . The Lower _Valasians had long been subject tothe Upper , until , in 1840 , they obtained a measure of political reform . The priests are allpowerful in the Valais . Still enjoying all the privileges of tbe middle ages , their large properties are exempt from taxation , and their persons are subject only tothe jurisdiction oftheir own * order . The Liberal society , calling itself' Young Switzerland , ' wasfiercely denounced trom the pulpits , and its members excommunicated . The Lower Valais became the scene of continual disorders . At length , in 1844 , a conspiracy , formed in the Upper Valais against
theLiberalgovernment , buret forth , and tbe conspirators became masters of the government . The Lower Valasians were proclaimed _« rebel * , * and after various encounters suffered a bloody defeat on the rwer _TWent There was more bloodshed and more cruelty in this contest than had ever before been seen ia the civil dissensions of Switzerland . And to crown the whole , the Bishop of Sion issued an order to his clergy , forbidding them to administer the sacrament ofthe Church to the dying combatants of the Liberal party . It must be remembered , that this monstrous mandate was directed against men who were ofthe same canton and the same religion as were the intolerant priests who thus outraged every sentiment ofbumanity .
Throughout these distressing scenes in the Valais , the anti-liberal conspirators received the support of the govemmentof Lucerne , at that time , as already stated , the presiding canton of the Confederation . The barbarous cruelties of the victors , and _& e immense body of exiles who were , compelled to _take refuge in the neighbouring cantons of Vaud and Geneva , excited vehement indignation and profound sympathy throughout Switzerland . The Jesuits and the canton of Lucerne became objects of hatred throughout the Liberal cantons . The Jesuits had rendered themselves notorious by exciting the civil conflict in the Valais . The agitation produced by that conflict , caused an extensive demand forthe summoning of an Extraordinary Diet . The Great
Council of Argau , having assembled to consider the propriety of demanding an extraordinary convocation of tbe Diet , it was then that the name ofthe Jesuits was first publicly denounced . Augustus Keller , the Director of the Catholic Seminary in Argau—the same _personwho , three years before , had proposed the suppression of the Argovian Convents—moved that thedeputy of the canton Bhould be instructed to demand from the Diet measures for . the expulsion of the Jesuits from Switzerland ; that order being ( heurged ) the great cause of the deplorable dissensions reigning throughout the country . The motion of M . Keller was carried in the Council of Argaa by a large majority ; and the Argovian deputy was instructed to make the proposition in the Diet for ex *
pelling the Jesuits . Here is a fact worth remembering . We are told by certain parties that the cry against the Jesuits is the cry ef merely the Radical-Infidel party ; but the truth is , that the first proposition ever made in Switzerland ior the expnlsion of the Jesuits , was made by a celebrated Catholic , and sanctioned by a large majority in a Grand Conncil , in which one half of the members are always Catholics . Subsequently , the deputy ofthe Catholic canton of Tessino , was the moat vehement of all the deputies who demanded the expulsion of the Jesuits . And in the late war tbe first blood shed was the blood of Catholics on both sides—the men of Uri ughtinefor , and the men of Tessino against the Jesuits . Solenre is a Catholic canton , but aB enthusiastically Radical aB is Berne , and quite as determinedly opposed to the Jesuits .
The proposition ofthe Great Conncil of Argaa did not at first meet with much favour in the Great Councils of other cantons , bnt _amongst the people of the Liberal cantons— -Catholic as well as _Protectant —it was received with great enthusiasm , and especially at the national meeting of Swiss rifle-shooters from all parts of tha Confederation , which took place on the 30 th of June , 1844 , at Basle . In July the Diet assembled under the presidency of the notorious Bernard Meyer , of Lucerne , who actually had the hardihood to boast of the share ascribed to him in the counter-revolution ofthe Valais . This greatly heightened the popular indignation aga-nst Lucerne . The Diet , however , rejected the proposition made by Argau for the expulsion ofthe Jesuits .
Up to 1844 , the Jesuits were installed only in the cantons ot Schwytz , Valais , and Fribourg , but in Octol r , 1844 , the Great Conncil of Lucerne passed a proposition inviting the Jesuits to that canton . M . Siegwert _Muller ' s words show the kind of spirit which induced the passing of this proposition * Tbe Radicals and Protestants , ' said he , 'have ponred ont their venom on the Jesuits everywhere ; so much the more necessary , is it for those governments who love order tolntroduc _* - the Jesuits . ' This declaration was ia fact an invitation to disturbance , and an excitement to disorder . To add to the mischief , a considerable number of the anti-Jesuit party in Lucerne , were arrested and thrown into prison ; The events we have enumerated , now led to the first
aggression of the Corps Francs . The first invasion of the Corps Francs was easily _repellc-J , and the government of Lncerne followed up its victory , by arresting and imprisoning a great number of the liberal party in that canton . Astill larger cumber tied to avoid arrest , and during the winter of 1844-45 there were not less than 1 , 100 exiles from Lucerne spread through the neighbouring cantons ; and this contributed to aggravate still farther the pre-existing animosity against the government ot Lucerne . The second invasion of Lucerne by the Corps Francs , took place on the 30 th of March , 1845 .
These invaders consisted partly of exiles from Lncerne , and partly of volunteers from the four neighbouring cantons of Berne , _SoIetu-3 , Bale-Campagne , and Argau . Lucerne was not unprepared for the attack , the arrival of contingents from the allied cantons of Uri , Zug , and Unterwalden , enabled it to defeat and expel the invaders , many of whom were slain , and several hundreds taken prisoner" *! . At the Diet , in Jnly , 1844 , only one canton and one half-canton bad voted for the expulsion ofthe Jesuits : in the Diet of 1845 , ten cantons and two half-eantons voted for the same proposition ; so great was the difference made by the fact of Lucerne having adopted them in the interval . 1845 occurred the
On th 14 th of February , , revolution in the canton of Vaud . At a meeting of the Gran 3 Council a petition had _besn presented , signed by 32 , 000 persons , requesting that the deputy might be instructed to vote in the Diet for the expulsion of the Jesuits , and for an amnesty for the Lncerne exiles . The prayer of the petition was rejected both by the Executive and the _legislative Conncil . The peoplerose inarms . Large numbers of armed citizens from the neighbourhood , marched into Lausanne ; and the government , on calling out the militia , fonnd that this farce was disposed to act not againstbut in unison with the insurgents . . The councils were forced to abdicate , and a provisional government was formed , atthe head ofwhieh was M . Druey , theoppoaitionleader . _Anewconatitutioa was drawn up and accepted by the people in the ensuing summer . And now the vote of Vaad , in the Dietbecame thoroughly anti-Jesuit .
, In the elections of 1845 ,. in the canton of Zurich , the Conservative party , was defeated and Zurich , became numbered amongst the Radical cantons . Tothe question ot the Jesuits was added early in 1846 , the formation ofthe armtd separate league called the Sonderbnnd , between Lucerne , Uri ; Schwytz , Unterwalden , _Fribonrg , Zug , and Valais . Its members bound themselves to furnish contingents of men and money , and to obey a common military authority . The question _vras thus raised . — 'Is a -separate league thus armed and organised , contrary to the pact , tbe sixth article of which says expressly , — « A o alliances shall be formed by the cantons among each other , prejudicial either to the general confederacy or to the rights of other cantons V
This qnestion was bronght before the Diet on the 4 th of September , 1846 , by tbe proposition ofthe canton of Thurgau , to declare the Sonderbund illegal , hat on that occasion the proposition w . _-sloat , as tbe required majority conld not be obtained . The question of the Jesuits was again discussed , but with thesame result . The revolution of Berne , in 1846 , accomplished by popular meetings and demonstrations , withont the use of _araa . placed Colonel Ochsenbein _, the leader
Seven Letters On The Recent Poll Tics Of...
ta £ tt 2 S 5 _^ R _^ l _M «» h of affairs _, _afiTiS _? . ; . _^ i ) lution ° f Geneva , carried _iS _, S _* f l oonte ? ' on the ? A of October , 1846 . added the vote of that canton to the Radical _ma-onta _m the Diet . The revolution of Geneva _war _emarkableasbeiag a triumphant combat by the Proletarians against the Bourgeoisie . Changes of a Radical character subsequently ocenrred in St Gal _* and _Bale-Vitle , and completed the Radical majority in the Diet . It ib unnecessary to follow Mr Grote any farther , the events ofthe lastfew _monthsmust be fresh in the recollection of our readers ; those events may be stated in afew words .
On the 20 th of July last the Diet passed a decree asserting _that—« 1 . The separate alliance of the seven states of Lucerne , Uri , Schwytz , Unterwalden , Zug , _linbourg , and Baiais , is declared incompatible with the provisions ofthe federal compact , and , consequently , dissolved . 2 . These cantons are responsible tor the observance of the present decree , and the _Dietreserves to itself the right to adopt , if circumstances demand it , ulterior measures to cause it to be respected . ' In place of submitting to this decision , the Sonderbund protested againBt it , addressed to the people incendiary proclamations , caused arms and ammunition to be bronght from foreign countries , erected fortifications , and _collectedvtogether and
armed troops . The Diet again tried conciliatory means . It addressed to the 7 cantons a proclamation foil of kindness and respect for the rights and sovereignty , the liberty and religion of those cantons , and sent its proclamation by Federal representatives . But in vain . Those representatives were not received , and it was forbidden to publish the Diet ' s proclamation , under pain of imprisonment and criminal prosecution . Other attempts to prevent the effusion of blood were made by the majority , but made in vain . On the 29 th of October the deputies ofthe Sonderbund quitted the Diet , first addressing a protest and manifesto to Switzerland , directed against the acts of tbe majority . Finally , on 4 th of November , the Diet declared war against the rebel
cantons . From the commencement of hostilities the march of the Federal forces was from victory to victoty . First , Fribourg surrendered almost without striking a blow . Next , Zug capitulated . At length , the Federal troops arrived before Lucerne . Tbe mountaineers of Uri , Unterwalden and Schwytz fought bravely , but were beaten at all points , and Lucerne surrendered at discretion . Within two or three days afterthe fall of Lucerne , Uri , Schwytz and
Unterwalden submitted to the Diet , and received the troops of the Confederation withont resistance . Lastly , the Valais yielded , and the Sonderbund was dissolved . The Jesuits have been expelled , not only from Lucerne , but from Fribourg , Schwytz , and the Valais , where tbeir location had , previous to the late struggle , been unquestioned . Clutching atthe shadowy power of ruling Switzerland , they have lost the substantial power they previously enjoyed . They have got their reward .
We beg the enemies of the Swiss radicals , and the friends ofthe Jesuits , to read , mark , learn , and inwardly digest the following facts : —When the runaway chiefs ofthe Sonderbund arrived at Milan , they were reeogniBed by the people , and hooted and pelted from the gates of the city to their hotel ! On the evening of the 3 rd of December , a great popular demonstration took place at . Rome in hononr ofthe victory gained by the Swiss Diet in capturing Lucerne ! The people , preceded by bands of music , and holding innumerable torches , proceeded to the hotel of the Swiss Consul , whom they saluted with the usual
patriotic exclamations . The principal streets of the city , through which the procession passed , were illuminated . When in front of tha Swiss consul's house , they cried , 'Viva the Swiss Con _* ederation !' * Viva the capture of Lucerne ! ' * Viva Pius IX !' The colours ofthe Federal cantons , the Italian tricolonred flag , and the Pontifical flag , were carried about the whole evening . On passing the Jesuits ' College , the crowd cried , ' Viva the capture of Lucerne ! ' After these manifestations of the Italian Catholics , the defenders of the Jesuits will do well to blush for their past lies , and keep civil tongues ftr the future .
The enemies of the Swiss Radicals have seen all their predictions falsified ; and have been condemned to witness the triumph of the men whose destruction they pronounced to be certain . They asserted thatthe war against the seven _cantans , was so odions to the majority of the Swiss people that a large masa of the Federal troops would be sure to mutiny , and a large portion of the population , of even the Liberal cantons would rise against their Radical governments ; but neither mutiny nor rising has taken place anywhere . It was predicted that Fribourg weuld successfully defy the Radicals , instead of which Fribourg was very glad to yield without a struggle . When Fribourg was taken , it was said that it was a matter ef no account , everybody knew that Fribourg
could net resist , bnt the Radicals : would meetwith a very different reception at Lucerne , where tbey would share the fate of the Corps Francs . Again , the prophets were wrong . The Radicals carried Lucerne at the cost of not a very great expenditure of blood . Well . it was then said the Sonderbund is not yet beaten ; the men of the Forest cantons can defy all the armies in Europe , and woe to the Radicals , if they attempt to enter the mountain fastnesses of Uri , Schwytz , and Unterwalden , there will not many of them return to tell the tale of their adventures . Again the wise men were * ont in their reckoning . ' The mountaineers had had enough
of fighting in ( heir unsuccessful efforts fo keep the Radicals out of Lucerne . They yielded at once to the summons of General Dufour , and quietly allowed the Federal _troaps to garrison their cantons . The jackals of the Holy Alliance had a last hope , the Valais had before now bravely resisted a great French army , and surely the Valasians could now defy the forces ofthe Diet . Alas ! for the Times , the _Journai des _Dkbats , and the _Acsibian Observer , even this last hope , proved fallacious . The Valasians deemed discretion the better part of valour , and succumbed . The last rebel standard of the Sonderbnnd was lowered tothe triumphant red and white flag of the Confederation .
The gibes , lies , and _calumnieB of the Times , directed againBt the Swiss majority , will , we fear , do a great deal towards rendering England odious in the eyes of the Swiss people . Every attempt made by the majority ofthe Diet to avert civil war , was pronounced by the Times a proof ofthe cowardice of the Radicals , who dared not strike the blow they threatened . The delay accorded by General Dafour to the authorities of Fribourg to makeup their minds to surrender , that thereby the effusion of blood might be spared , was represented as a proof that the General feared to attack his enemy . And the majority of the Diet have been constantly held up as ' Jacobins / who desired to establish" a ' reign of terror , ' and make Switzerland the focus of revolutionary conspiracy against all the thrones of Europe .
The tyrants of the continent taking , or affecting to take , the Times view of Swiss Radicalism , have conspired to interfere _batween the Diet and the Sonderbund , hoping to have the opportunity of Polandizing Switzerland . They could not , however , agree among themselves . Lord Palmerston , who had burnt his fingers in meddling with Portugal , was not at all anxious to incur the odium of interfering in Switzerland , particularly as it was evident that the English government could reap no profit from such interference , —France and Austria conld alone be benefitted by crushing Swiss Republicanism . Lord Palmerston therefore acted the ' artful dodger , ' and avoided committing himself to any agreement with the despotic' powers' nntil suoh time as the struggle
of arms _bstweenthe Diet and the Sonderbund hid commenced , and the forces ofthe Diet were already marching to victory . Then certain propositions , to be submitted both to the Diet and the Sonderbund , were agreed to by the representatives of the * five powers ; ' buf before the ' notes' of the diplomatists could be delivered , the war was at an end . The Sonderbnnd completely vanquished , ceased to exist , and there were no longer two parties between whom to mediate . Wise in their generation , Lords Palmerston and Lansdowne have declared that there is now no need for foreign mediation , and that the English government will have nothing to do with such ' mediation , ' should such a farce be peiaisted in by the other' powers . ' The French government has
exhibited less discretion , having very stupidly sent in offers to' mediate , ' in spite of the Diet being now the sole and unquestioned authority in Switzerland . The Diet has replied , rejecting Louis Philippe ' s kind and honest offer , at the same time telling the crowned hypocrite ofthe Tuil'eries , a _^ few truths which must excessively gall the old man and his dirty _man-of-all-work Guizot . The Prussian and Austrian diplomatists have also sent' notes' to the same effect as the French * note' to the Diet and the chiefs ofthe Sonderbnnd , the said chiefs being no where in Switzerland ! The Diet however tells aU the diplomatis _t thatit will have none of their interference in Swiss affair _* Friendly (!) intervention the members of the Diet reject , and forcible intervention they defy . What will the foiled tyrants do ?
That question the future will answer ; but let them only dare to invade Switzerland , and revolution will _blazs from one end of Europe to the other . The first cannon shot fired _against Switzerland will ba the signal for the rising ofthe nations , and from the Seine to the Danube , from the Rhine to the Vistula , and from the Tagus to the Tiber , ' the red sea deluge will arise which-willsweep away thrones and privileges , and dash to destruction all who attempt to stem its torrents . 'Deem they this an idle threat ! Crimson tears may follow yet . '
Simmonds's Colonial Magazine. December. ...
Simmonds ' s Colonial Magazine . December . London : S _' _n-nonds and Co ., Barge-jard , Bncklerebury . The articles in this number on the 'Natural Productions of Australia / ' The Arctic Expedition ofthe Hudsen ' s Bay Company , ' 'The Commerce and _Industiyof New Brunswick , ' and 'The Rise and Progress of Steam Navigation in Bengal , ' will repay perusal . There are several other prose articles , and a sweet niece of peat . / , entitled The Dying Indian
Simmonds's Colonial Magazine. December. ...
Girl toherCompanions . '* This numbereoncludesthe twelfth volume oi this useful and deservedly-papular magazine . .
Howitt 8 Journal. Part Xi. Mr Howitt's I...
Howitt 8 Journal . Part XI . Mr Howitt ' s illustrations of the operation ot theaccuraed Game Laws , and Mr Rowton ' s articles on Death Punishments , are calculated to effect considerable good , in preparing the public mind for the abolition of both nuisances . The Midland Florist , No . 12 , concludes the first volume of a very useful periodical , whioh has our I : st wishes for its continued success . The Man in the Moon . No / l _^ ' ' We shouldJ o glad if some one would inform us wherein th . _' s publication is either wise or witty .
The Miners ' Advocate . The number for December cantatas an excellent article on * The Crisis , ' and many and sad revelations of the wrongs and Bufferings ef the miners . Mackenzie ' s Railway Time Tables . This cheap and excellent sheet should be in the hands of every traveller .
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IRISH DEMOCRATIC CONFEDERATION . The Irish Democrats met on Sunday evening at Cartwright ' s ; Mr Ilaugby in the chair . The chairman said he was glad to come amongst them again after a long absence , but he could assure them his heart waB always with them . He had been _establishing a Temperance sooiety in another part of the city , and a new committee had relieved him from his duties ; he would , in future . be enabled to be more frequently amongst them . After some preliminary business , ' Mr O'Higgins , ' and a * Voice from Tipperary , ' were heard through the columns ef the Nomhbbh Stab ; some were anxious to hear the parliamentary proceedings of the week read , but the
general feeling was in favour of discussing the merits of Mr _O'Higgina _' s letter . Mr Daniel M'Carthy addressed the meeting at great length , _denouncing some portion of Mr O'Higgina ' s letter as a lie , and others aa a foul attack upon the Catholic clergy of Ireland . He also expressed himself dissatisfied with the manner in which the great national petition of the Chartists was got up . The English members in the House of Commons next received a severe castigation because they did not do battle for repeal . — Mr Tucker , however , did not think that the Irish members ought to escape scot free ; and so a very pleasant and good humoured retaliation took place . Mr T . _juked where were the thirty-nine Irish _memberj _pledged to repeal ? was it not ridiculous to hear
of men being blamed for this and for that , why did they not- look a little nearer home and place the mantle on the right _shonlder ? It was disgusting to hear of patriotism ! If they wanted the work done why did they not assist in doing it ? He , as an Englishman , had lost his time to assist them , — -others had done tke same . Where were their petitions ? How could they expect men in the House of Commons ts effect anything if they were not backed up from without ? He actually believed that the Irish people conld find moro friends in English members , any day , than they could Irish ; and he contended , if the thirty-nine members pledged to repeal had only backed the member for Nottingham out , the minister never could coerce Ireland ; but the paltry , truculent
lot , was it not evident they were bartering their country ' s liberty , — ' dying on the floor one day , ' and then , anon , praising the 'lenient mild measure' of the minister . Why do tke Irish people allow such fellows to humbug them ? The English ' , people are willing , and have been willing , to help the Irish people , as has been shown to nigbt by Mr O'ttigginB's letter . —Mr Sullivan next addressed the meeting ; he considered the Catholic clergy were not totally free from blame , for their acquiescence in the political thraldom of their country . He was not surprised that there was a difference of opinion on this subject , —there always had been , and there ever would be . —Mr Charles M'Carthy spoke at considerable length , in reply to his namesake . He said his
blood boiled in his veins when he heard men talk about Englishmen and English members ; did they talk about Irishmen and English ministers they would be more at home . He denounced in strong terms , the noisy brawlers who were ever ready to make mischief with patriotism on their lips , but who took care to skulk behind backs when any work was to be done for their political redemption . He had often told them , and he would tell them again , if ever Ireland was to gain her rights , it would be by the _assistance of the working classes of this country , but Irishmen should help in the work . He could tell them that Englishmen were at this moment in as much'distress , and as much enslaved , as his own countrymen were . —Mr Martin said he was working
for Ireland for the last four hours , that was what every Irishman ought to te doing . ( Cheers . ) The minister did not even think it worth his while to reply to the noble speech of the member for Nottingham , and why ? because he well knew that Irishmen themselves did not mean having them , — ( cheers)—if he knew that he would redress their wrongs before he coerced them . He denied that tbe peasantry of Ireland were the authors of the murders —it was the landlords . ( 'That ' s true . ' ) If the workingclasses of both countries were united , he believed they could gain their freedom in twenty-four hours . He believed that without a union we could never repeal _^ the union . He ( Mr M . ) was sorry to see the position of Henry Grattan in the honse . he
who had dressed himself in the uniform of the ' 82 Club . He could only say there was the Whig made manifest . —Mr Frawiey addressed the meeting , and denounced the conduct of the Irish _roembsrs . —Mr G . Minto spoke in high terms of Mr O'Higgins . Mr M . then took a review of the conduct of O'Connell , as connected with the Catholie clergy , showing that O'Connell * _, had deluded them as well as the people . He had been always abusing the Cbartists for physical force , but when he got into a mess himself his moral courage failed him . He next alluded to the Young Irelanders . in Belfast ; he had lately seen some gentlemen from that town , who _descrit * d their visit —the people were comparatively well off there , and they did _nst want agitation , and so they employed
catcalls and trumpets to hunt them out of the town . When Irishmen were so virulent to each other , how could they expect Englishmen to be their _supporters ? Nearly one half in the minority on the Coercion Bill were English members . Where were D . O'Connell , D . Power , Dillon Browne , O'Gorman Mahon , and Mr Butler , that boasted that fifty bf his ancestors had lost their lives ; Lord Cloncurry ' s son , and many others ? Too much praise could not be given to Mr Wakley , whose conduct was beyond all praise . —Mr Williams next addressed the meeting in a very able speech , whioh was listened to with attention , and much applauded , in which he plainly showed the base means that were t * lopted to keep tbe people down , or to blast a man ' s character , who dared to
advocate their rights . —Mr Clancy said he could not but bear testimony to the truthfulness of Mr 0 ' Higgins _' _s letter ; facts were stubborn things , and seeing was believing . __ He himself had convened that meet ing , and hejbelieved were it not for a few brave coalporters , neither himself nor Mr Lowiy would have escaped with a whole Lone ; it was a miracle to have escaped the fury of two thousand prejudiced people , led on by the advice of O'Connell , with Ray , Arkins , Murphy , and a rabble mad drunk for the occasion , who vociferated loudly forour destruction , and whose safety on the platform may be mainly attributed to the risk of injuring Ray in the straggle . They broke our lamps , chairs , and forms , destroying even our books and newspapers . Nay more , Ray had to nay the landlord 15 _> « , to forego a prosecution for
destroying his table ; but though tliey turned the tables on us then , we have lived long enough to see the tables turned on themselves . With regard to the Catholic clergy he ( Mr C . ) thought he could very well reconcile parties to Mr _O'Higgins _' s views on the subject . Mr O'Higgins , a 9 a Catholic , would not slander them ; but be believed the objection whicb Mr O'Higgins had to the part which the clergy took in politics wa 9 this , and I think _O'Sullivan's memory of Mr _O'H . ' s letters will show , —he deprecated , and so do I , the use that was made of the House of God in collecting vast Bums of money from a starving famishing people to support a set of cormorants in drunkenness and debauchery , I have seen in ' 38 and ' 39 famishing women and children at the chapel , doors [ robbed oftheir mite fromthe outstretched j hand of charitable benevolence . If it were wron g to
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collect the money at all , ( and nearly all admit this , ) was not the mode of collection the more reprehensible , nay more , a desecration of , the Honse of God , by those whose calling is to watch oyer his . sanctuary ? For these reasons Mr O'Higgins has had strong feelings , and so have . I , to those who strengthened the delusion that has brought . poverty , starvation ,, and everlasting disgrace upon our common country . The meeting shortly afterseparated .
ADDRESS OF THB « IRISH DEMOCRATIC CON . FEDERATION OF LONDON' TO THE TOILING COMMUNITY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRE . LAND .
Bbithbek _, —Three month" have transpired since we last addressed you on tbe _all-lmportant subjects of our own , and onr country ' s rights . Still tbe same blind , perverse , unjust policy that has long characterised our rulers , is still in tbe ascendant ; notwithstanding the warning voice sf an iainlted people at the late general elections , and notwithstanding the rapid strides of the people towards tha point ef centralisation at which Heaven forming each on _othir to depeud , A master , _oraeervant _, or a friend , Bids each on other for assistance call , Till one man ' s weakness grows tbe strength of all . ' Believing that one great means to this end is to keep steadily before the people the injustice tbat is
perpetrated on the human race in form of what is termed _< Constitutienal law , ' we propose from time to time to lay b fore them some statements wbicb we think will go far to prove tbat under tbis form , deeds are done by the ' powers tbat be / not recognisable by any law human or divine . By tbis constitutional law , tbe king of England Is supposed never to die ; by tbe same rule the statesman of England never err * . If be plunge a nation into fifty millions of debt , or dash his war-horse into the area of peaceful citizens ; he is led out of those difficulties by the reins of - constitutional law . ' If in Ms bat ge of state he direct a neighbouring country to he held iu bondage ; or if a land Is decimated with fa . mine , whose people he might have saved by dismantling Wa war ships ; ho steels sals from the consequences bj
the rudder of ' constitutional law . ' The people are supposed to be the makers of the laws by their representatives , but when the people are not represented as in these countries , the laws are not made by the people , nor their representatives ; but by tha representatives of a class , against tbe wishes and interests of tbe people ; laws thus made are called constitutional laws ; tbatii the constitution being undefinable , laws are made unnatural , unreasonable , obtuse and unintelligible , and ergo the term ' constitutional laws 1 ' These laws , then , being no compact between the governors and the governed , all tbe great commentators ogre * as to the amount of allegiance tbat is due to tbem , but the laws were not t _> us made in the days of Zdward tbe Confessor , or Alfred the Great , and the difference is thus desoribed
byDrJohMon : — ' A single gaol in Alfred ' s golden reign , Could half the nation ' s criminals contain , Fair justice tben witbout constraint adored , Held high tbe steady scale ; bnt _sheath'dtbe sword . No spies were paid , no special juries known , Blest age ! hut ah ! now different fboh oua own . ' All laws are presumed to be founded on reason and equity , at least _sosayia tolerable good authority , Lord Coke , whe Bays : — 'Nothing can bave the force ot law that is contrary to reason '; and Lord Hobart says : —* Whatever is against reason and _equity is against law ; ' nay more , he _add » , ' if an Act of Parliament were made against reason and equity , that act would he void . ' Burke says : — ' That it is necessary from the demands ot all people
whose desire . * , where they do not militate against this stable aad eternal rules of justice and reason ( rules which are above us and above them ) , ought to be a law to a House of Commons . It is an admitted maxim that— Law to bind all , must be _aasented to by all . ' Lord Chancellor _Forteseue , in writing to Prince Edward ( the son of Henry TI . ) when in France , appeals to the young prince ' s own knowledge of the dangerous policy of maintaining a standing army , for _whjch tbe people were compelled to provide quarters and provisions , also , the abominable oppression of the Bait tax , by whicb means , he says , tbe _people of that conntry were reduced to extreme penury and want , in every comfort of life ; and be concludes thus : — ' Tou have heard of other enormities like to these , and some even worse than these ,
detestably and damnably perpetrated no otherwise than under ' . the colour or pretence of LAW , such as private examinations , and popping men into sacks and throwing them into the river Seine by nigbt 1 ' Here , then , we hare the learned Forteseue deuouncing these ' damnable and detestable enormities in form of law . ' Had he visited some , ot the riding schools of Irelaud in ' 98 , and witnessed tbe flesh torn from tbe backs of innocent Catholio priests ; when men were tarred and feathered , ind hung iu dozens by the lamp . posts on the public bridges ; or had he wltneBBed the mortifying wounds of a Fitzgerald , or tbe scarred and torn bosom of a
Toneho might , perhaps , have calculated that there were even In Ireland , more damnable and atrocious means iu form of law , to prevent even tbe moon ' s rays from falling on the prisoa floor of the mangled victims . But , it may be said , the ministers are about to protect life instead of destroying it -to give us a sort of ' 08 in miniature!—a gentle Bereatori ! and a town Major Sirr—who shall bear no resemblance to his _preoious namesake ! and instead of Hanoverians and Hessians , a nice sleek-faced , well . drilled lot of unsuspecting pimps—a band of respectable classified Jemmy O'Briens , with a regular weekly salary , to avoid the disgraceful exhibition of a _secoad blood money list ' .
Is " his law , then , reasonable and just , which will deprive men ot the last remnant of tbeir constitutional rights , while the landlord class Is permitted to turn thousands of helpless , starving beings , to the four winds of heaven—or into the arms of a mercenary , ruthless constabulary , whose preferment will depend upon entering into the plans of the disaffected or the unwary , and singling out the victims of a system which punishes one class of starving beings , while it upholds the tyranny and oppression of another class of licentious idlers ? This attempt , then , of her Majesty ' s ministers to enact a bill , in form of law—whicb , according to all constitutional authority , Is no law , not having the necessary ingredient of law , wanting which it is void ; nay , more—treason to thepeople , who gave not their consent ; treason to the
Queen , whose long suffering , faithful Irish subjects will be alienated from their rightful allegiance ! Is the will of tho minister , then , to be the reason ofthe law ? This would be impious and unjust , since the will of tbe Almighty Sovereign of the universe , to whose will alone such deference is justly due , bath not so dealt with bis creature , man ! enforcing hi « will for bis reason ; but , on tbe contrary , hath mercifully condescended to convince us , tbat reason is his will , and thst be hath limited ( if we may use such an expression ) even his own infinite power , by the eternal rules of justice and righteousness , and whieb onr reason teaches us can never fail , How then dare the ministers in power tell us , in the face of such authority , that we ought to respect those blood-stained statutes in form of
law , which are so much at variance with natural reason , just equity , and common sense ? Are those laws founded on natural reason , just equity , and common sense , whieh create a lavish expenditure , destructive alike ef peace and plenty at home , and _promulgates of war and devastation abroad ; or v . Iiich gives power to thc ministers of the British crown , who baring obtained office through _p-puiar agitation , have used that _poweraffainst tbe very men by whom they have been raised , to imprison them , or banish them to the pandemonium rock of Norfolk Island ? Laws wbich create an universe ! mismanagement of British affairs , —additional demands for troops , for ships—for pimps—for spies—for money for alt sorts ofbloody destructive implements of war— -to destroy mankind ; makinT rivers of tears and blood from tbe hearts
and eyes of widow , children , and men / Laws claiming the sympathy of angels for the oppressed , and calling forth the just indignation of the most high on the oppressors 1 Laws wbich violate solemn treaties , and con . nive at the subjugation of people and states 1 ' Laws whicb , under the pretence of settling other people ' s affairs , have deluged the peninsula with blood , making hapless Spain a royal carnal house of _lieentieusness , in . trigue , and debauchery ! Laws which have permitted the invasion of Affghanistan without even a declaration ef war , for the purpose of forcing on tbat people a monarch whom tbey had thrice expelled , Laws wbich permitted a British fleet to visit the peaceful _ehoreB of China , and , with fire and sword , demand * free trade ' in opium drugs , to benefit Indian merchants , and
destroy with deadly poison the inhabitants of that country , and then , on the score of compensation , demand , and obtain , six millions of dollars I Laws , to ' come nearer home , which have for years sustained a degrading system of corruption in tbe shape of commissioners to inquire into grievances which have never been _re-nedied _, and by which enormous sums of tbe people ' s money have been expended ; by which means they have from time to time been beguiled by delusive hopes and promises , but eventually gaining nothing 'but disappointment . Laws whicb prevent the great bulk of thepeople of these countries from having a voice in the management of their own affairs , and their consequent inability to prevent thoso outrageous atrocities in form of law , perpetrated against their brethren , —tbeir families , —their labours ,
—their characters , —their liberties , —and their lives , — how long shall a just Creator permit such things to be done in our names 1 So long only , we opine , at the will of ministers shall be tbe reason of the , 'law , Let us then mutually proclaim the reason ofthe law ever superior to the will of the minister . Let us ever remember it is treason to tbe people—treason to the Queen—to enact any law tbat is not based on natural reason , and equity ; and that the law to bind all , must be assented to by all ; that wanting these essentials tbere is no valid compact ( We therefore declare before our conntry , our God , and the world , that the present coercive measure for Ireland , about to be adopted bythe parliament , is not law— _becauso it is contrary to reason , justice , aud equity
[—contrary to the written Iawa of God 1—contrary to the fan . damental rights and franchises of tbe Great Charter , whioh has derived Ite . authority from _thtrty-six _suecesive parliaments , and confirmed by the 42 d Ed . III ., c . 2 , wbieh enacted , tbat * The Great Charter , and the Charter of the ForeBt be holden and kept in all points , and if any statute be made to the contrary , that shall be holden for none f and for a breach ofwhieh we would brg to remind our modern lawmakers of tbe fearful end of two timeserving judges , who were hanged by the neik for carry _, ing out the statute in form of law , 11 H . VII . Thus told by Lord Coke : — ' This statute . of 11 H . VII . we have recited , and showed the just Inconvenience thereof to the end that the like should never hereafter be attempted in
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any court of Parliament , and that others might avoid the fearful end bf these two time servers , Empson and Dudleyi * J . J EtKBR , _© , H . _Tociua , _ W . _Mamik , c . _M'Omlth-c , 3 . " _foiCK , . L . T . CtiHC' " , Sec _D-jsw Vwuh , Chairman . i 0 \ t \ mmm * i ** " , - _*>^* * " n
THE LONDON ; CONFEDEK . ALISTS . The base and truculent conduot ofthe Five Pounds Conciliation Hall patriots , with respect to the motion of Mr F- O'Connor , for inquiry into the Act of Union , will , it iato be hoped , teach _theirconstituenoies a lesson ; and tbat they wiU not again be duped by the sweet _roicea of the Burgh Quay . When will Irishmen think and aot for theraselvea J Thb Emmett Confkdbbatk Club . —On Sunday erening last , the 12 th inst ., a very numerous meet _, ing of thi * olub was held at the Victory , Newenhamstreet , Edgeware-ro _? d , Afr Sullivan in the chair . The secretary then stated that since their first meeting they had rccoived a communication from the council in Dublin , recommending them to alter the name of their clubas it was the wish of the late
, Robort Emmett , that his name might not be usedm any way until Ireland was a nation . The council had left it entirely in the hands of their committee , and they had decided that as the principles of the co nfederation were those entertained by the late Mr O 'Connell in 1843 , they had come to the determination of calling it the * O'Connell Confederate Club , D . H . Stack , ( _barriater-at-law , ) in an _argumentstiveapeech / reviewed the conduct of the various raemb ; rs who had spoken and voted on the hon . member's ( for Nottingham ) motion for inquiry into the Act of Union . He passed a high panegyric on the exertions of Mr O'Connor for fatherland , and observed in relation to the Land Company , that the people of England had entrusted that gentleman with large sums of money , and he was happy to say ,
in opposition to those who attempted to asperse his character , that he had rendered a faithful account of his 3 te _*? ardsliip , and it was with the greatest pleasure that he moved the following resolution : — ' That F . O'Connor , Esq ., M . P ., isentitled to tho unqualified and warm thanks of " thia club , for introducing the question of Repeal of the Act of Union into the House of Commons , at the only timely occasion of its discussion therein . That a distinct and substantative debate on the causes and consequences of the Union , in the legislature every session , is of the first importance towards the success of the Repeal , as such debate best instructs the English public in the merits ofthe question , and thereby forms a publio opinion thereon in this country , -whilst it keeps such members to their duty , prevents them from
being seduced by the ministers , or the constituencies from being deserted by their members . ' The resolution was seconded by Mr Fitzgibbon , in a speech of great leneth , condemnatory of the conduot of _thosn members who ought to have supported that motion-Mr T . Daly said that he could not allow the resolution to be put from the chair , without saying a few words regarding it . He had always admired the con duot of Mr O'Connor , and he considered the motion of that geatleman to oe _well-timed , it was all moonshine to say that it was premature . The Irish people could not know too soon those who falsely represented them in parliament ; in fact Mr O'Connor had tested the sincerity of someof the would-be patn ' _ots , and he deserved the thanks of Ireland for so doing . Several other gentlemen having Bpoken in
favour of the resolution , it was then put from the chair , and carried amidst the mo 3 t rapturous applause , which continued for some time . The meeting then separated . Cobban Confjdbbatb Club ;—A large meeting of this club was held on Sunday evening , at the Blue Anchor , York-street , Westminster , Mr R , HusBey in the chair , who addressed the meeting at great length on the great benefits to result from a union of the working classes of the mother and sister countries ; and said that the conduct of Mr O'Connor on the Coercion Bill had met the approbation of some of the Council of Confederation at their late meeting at Dublin . Mr _Mitchell _. on speaking on the Coercion BiU said , ' There is one Irishman in the house , indeed , who seems determined to give thiB bill staunch
resistance , and I hononr him for it—I mean tho hon . member for Nottingham , Mr Feargus O'Connor . ' ( Loud and repeated cheering . ) And again , Mr T . Meagher went much further , and in denouncing the unconstitutional character of the bill , said— ' It will put down the liberties of this kingdom—put down the right to cirry arms—the most sacred right of citizens , and in the spread oi disaffection , its effioacy will be tested . Mr Feargus O'Connor deserves the gratitude of the coantry for his prompt _oppo-3-tion to this bill . ( Loud and _anthnsiastic cheering , * He paid no courtesy ou this bill —( hear , hear )—he did not treat it with etiquette—( hear , hear , hear )—• he met it as it should have been met by every Irish _, member , with intolerance . ( Loud cheers . ) It is virtuous to be intolerant where liberty is attacked .
( Renewed oheers . ) If it were the custom of the Irish Confederation to pass resolutions of thanks fa * public services , I should move the sincere thanks of this meeting to the hon . member for Nottingham , ( Loud and continued cheers . ) I am no Chartist ; indeed , I don't know wbat I am beyond being a Repealer . I have not made up my mind to be anythiag save and except a Repealer ; and wbat is more , I do not intend to be anything else until the Irish parliament is sitting in this city ; when , most probably , I shall make up my mind to stand for a seat upon some one interest or another . ( Loud cheers and laughter . ) But , sir , though I am no Chartist , I say that the leader of the Chartists deserves the
gratitude of this country . ( Loud cries of' hear , hear , ' and great oheering . ) ' The chairman then proceeded to say they were opinions not to be passtd slightly over , tor he believed them to be the sentiments of the majority of the Confederates . ( Cheers . ) Mr _M'Sweeney then read several extracts from the speeches of tbe late meeting of the Confederation in Dublin—the leading article from the North ibn Stab — 'The Poland of the _WeBt , ' and extract * from Mr O'Connor s speech on Repeal in the House of Commons . Mr R . Scott ( Belfast ) then proceeded to deliver a lecture . The 'Merits and Demerits of Moral and Physic ?! force' which was received throughout with loud cheers . The meeting then adjourned .
The Dayis Cokfbderatb Civs . —The members of this club met in their lecture room , S 3 , Dean-afreet , on Monday evening last , which was respectably filled . Mr O'Connor presided on the occasion . Tha secretary then read the minutes of the last com ' mittee meeting , which stated tbat E . Kenealy , Esq , LLB ., had been elected as the president ofthe club , and Messrs Dalby , O'Connor , Fitzgibbon , and P . Mahony _. as vice-presidents . Several gentl «* n «;*> addressed the meeting , the ohief topio _tning tl" *; condemnation of those Irish _membsrs who refused ti _*» support Mr O'Connor ' s motion on Repeal . A petition against minister ' s money in Ireland was tben agreed to , for _presentation to parliament . MrT . Daly tban gare notice , and said , that not wishing to infringe the rules of the olub , he should move
the thanks of the club to Mr F . O'Connor , M . P ,, on next Monday evening , for be felt certain that it would be better appreciated by postponing it . During the course of the evening , a deputation from the Old Ireland party waited on the club , their object being to conciliate all parties . They stated that tbey bad seen Mr J . O'Connell on the previous day , and that _gentleman had intimated to them that from the position of parties in England , it waB desirous to have a union of parties in Ireland , and that bespoke in the highestterms ofthe Confederation , and that ho should soonfco in Ireland , and would see W . S . O'Brien on the subject . Friday was then appointed for the conference , and it was intimated to the deputation , at tho same time , tbat the Young Irelanders intended to keep their principles inviolate and intact . The meeting then adjourned .
Meetings were also held at the Green Man , Ber « wick-street , Oxford-street ; and the _HuBSsy-burgb Club , Grosvenor-row , Pimlico .
Rotal Polvtbchnic Instiiuiion.—Although ...
Rotal Polvtbchnic _Instiiuiion . —Although no . thing of much importance to the scientific world haa ben added to this admirable establishment , yet several inventions of a minor character have been deposited , all aiding the general interest , though separately of not that value attached to many scientific works already exhibited . Among the most recent deposits may be observed a sofa bedstead of a very compaotdescription , by Mr Burdett . Asafety axle _, tree , by Ekyn and Millichap . Fuller and Dr Bergue ' s patent buffer springs for railway carriages , tho latter is a valuable application of vulcanised caoutchouo . The buffer springs formed in this way are beautifully elastic , not more than _one-fourth tho weight of steel 8 prags , _anu oooapy a much less _snace _i
_- rice s chopping machine is a neat little contrivance for _domestio _use » and would no doubt prove a serviceable appendage to the kitchen . This is but a portion ot many ingenious contrivances that have been recently introduced ; and theadvantage of the inventor in being _thjis enabled to place the works of his inge . nuity , where it can become known to the publio , and thereby appreciated , must be at once evident , Tha laws of nature , in reference to sanatory measures , is still being discussed by Doctor Bachhoffner . Drain traps , models illustrating the ventilation of sewers , & c „ & o ., that are to be found here , show that little has been left undone by the mechanical portion of tho world in endeavouring to render our towns and cities as salubrious as possible . _
! _Sheffikio . — A Repeal Confederate Club has been [ formed , and there ia every prospect that the Ite' pealersand Chartists will co-operate for the attain _, ment ofthe People ' s Charter and Repeal . Last week a man named Strong was discharged by judge ' s order from Liverpool gaol , after having been in confinement six years and seven months , for a debt of £ 10 , increased by costs to £ 38 15 s . A starch factory in Lapeer county , Miohigan , U , S „ consumes 200 , 000 bushels of potatoes annually i What a wa 8 teoffeod _, saystheIsD" * PENDENT _Dumocuat _, just to make shirt collars stick up ! The tribunal of Correctional Police at Paris has sentenced by default . M . Gudin ( late aide-de-camp of Louis-Philippe , ) for cheating at cards , to three years' imprisonment , and 2 , 000 _fcancs fine .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 18, 1847, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_18121847/page/3/
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