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T»¦ in. ¦ -»—¦—¦- , ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ : - t thatl...
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COLOSSEUM .
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THE iNOKTHEKN STAR SATUKDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1845.
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TIIE XEW SCOTCH POOH LAW. Ix a former ar...
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* "' Lands and heritngps' shall extend t...
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Supervision shall have previo usly certi...
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The climax of all scorn, should hang on ...
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Co fteattets & CoiTigpoifflent&
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Tnr. CoxistoNicATioNS op Vf . J., Belfas...
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RECEIPTS OF TnE CIIAKTIST CO-Ol'EUATIVE ...
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Irasii " Conciliation" !—The public has longl***? ilissrustcil witli the intolerance, bisrotry, ami iiiicii ;"*
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tubl' eness displayed in Exeter Hall : b...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
T»¦ In. ¦ -»—¦—¦- , ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ : - T Thatl...
¦ ¦¦ „ * _jt _QrrnAR September 20 , 1845 THE NORTHER _^ _SiAR *
Colosseum .
_COLOSSEUM .
Ad00412
_P'TRONISED and lUtcd I * _*« _*>¦<* Gl _™ " MAJESTY and his Royal Hig hness P « nce IBKRT OPE . V DAILY from Ten till Sri . _Proonnced bV the Press , and confirmed by every visitor r _^ the most perfect triump h of Art in its various _tranches , both bj Day and Sight , tliat lias ever been achieved . Equal to ax exhibitions . The Glyptotheca , containing works of the first artists ; Mont Blanc and _Mountain Torrents , Superb Conservatories , Gothic Aviary , Classic Ruins and fountains , Panorama of "London , re-painted by Mr . Parris , ic . Admittance , 3 s . Children , half-price . The Stalactite Caverns , the most -magnificent of all the temples whicli nature has built for heraelf In the regions of night , ls . extra _.
Ad00413
_^ fm _^ _TTSi i ** " - " * _**^*
Ad00415
J 1 ABE ON SPINAL DISEASE . THIS day _i * 3 pnhlished , price 2 s . 6 d ., CASES and OBSERVATIONS illustrative of tbe beneficial results Khich may be obtained by close attention and perseverance in some of the most chronic and unpromising instances of spinal deformity ; with eighteen engravings on wood . By _SAMOiiL Ham , 5 LIt . CS . London : J . _ihn ChurchiR , Princes-street ; and may be had of aR booksellers .
Ad00416
EXTRAORDINARY _ECONOaiY TO TEA DRINKERS . TnE / DESIRE OF ENGLAND . —The PIQUA PLANT , now sold at Ss . Gd . per lb ., is three times the strength of tea , and is also equal in flavour , more _drJinate in taste , _uOixltt _^\ uun : Healthy , as is proved by physicians and chemists of high standing , also by persons in great num . bcrs with the most delicate lungs and stomachs . It is most pleasant and invigorating , and is recommended to the debilitated for its invaluable qualities , to advanced age for its strengthening properties , and to the public generally for its moderate price and intrinsic excellence . The Test . —The proof of the efficacy ana healthful effect of the plant in preference to tea or coffee : —Let a nervous or dyspeptic patient use two or three cups of strong tea upon retiring to rest , and the effect will he night-mare , disturbed sleep , aud other violent symptoms of indigestions , & c .
Ad00417
GEXUISE TEAS AND COT-TEES FOR THE MILLION . The cheapest jdace in London for Teas and Coffees is at Hie Warehouse , -21 and - . ' -3 , Regent Street , Westminster , near tlie _Yausdiall Bridge Koad . THE Proprietor , E . WARMINOTOX , takes this opportunity to return thanks for the liberal supporthe has _received since lie opened the above premises ; and to tbosr who havenot vet favoured him with their patronage , E . . nio = t stronglv solicits a trial , feeling assured that the articles sola " at the warehouse , both i" price and quality , wiU give universal satisfaction . Goods in any quantity sent free to aU parts of London and tlie suburbs ; and persons in the country , by remitting a Fost-oliice order , will find their instructions faithfully attended to .
Ad00424
RICHARDSON , MANUFACTURING CUTLER , _ESTAHLISHEn 1 S 05 , Near tlie Church , Kensington . GARDENERS ' Pruning , Grafting , and _Buddfflflttfnivcs in Sheath , Is . Cd . each ; shut ditto , 3 s . each , " These knives are made of the best materials ' , t . always use them , "—7 _« fc the late Vivo .. Coobett in lus _Ubs - Ish Gardener . Hakes , Hoes , and Gardening Tools of ftvery descrip :-lon . Best made Razors , Black Handles , 6 s . the case , or 3 s .
Ad00414
NOTICE TO EMIGRANTS .
Ad00423
COALS . PROVIDE FOR WINTER . PROVIDENT FAMILIES , _subscribinjr Is . ppr _«* cek lo the _JletrnpoHtou coal company's Shilling Club , can obtain four balf tons annually , without further charge , fines , & e . The Company ' s price current is , Best Screened Wallsend , 25 s . per full ton ; Seconds , 21 s ., 22 s ., and 23 s . ; Cohe , 17 s . Sd . Office , 279 , High Ilolhorn .
Ad00422
EMIGRATION TO THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . 1 _j"iREE PASSAGE ; under the sanction of Government . The undersigned are authorised by her Majesty ' s Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners to grant a free passage to the above eminently healthy and prosper _, ous Colony to married Agricultural Labourers , Shepherds , Male and Female Domestic and Farm Servants , Bricklayers , Carpenters , Masons , and Smiths , of sober and industrious character . The demand for labour at the Cape is urgent , and is well remunerated in wages , provisions , clothing' , and lodging . AU particulars will be furnished on application , personally , or by letter , to John Marshall and Co ., 2 G , Bir chin-lane , Cornhill , Loudon ; or 79 , High-street , Southamnton .
Ad00421
THE QUEEN ! TRIUMPH FOR THE PICTORIAL TIMES !
Ad00420
JUST PUBLISHED , In one volume , foolscap 8 vo ., neat cloth , price 7 s . Cd ., THE PURGATORY OF SUICIDES A Prison Rhyme * . in Ten Boohs : BY THOMAS COOPER THE CHARTIST . J . How , Publisher , 132 , Fleet-street . _C ? " *? Orders from the Country to be sent through the Booksellers .
Ad00419
_ETEUY MAX MAT HATE A HOUSE OF HIS OWN : _Sfcond _istcbonheatlt _. Provident Investment Association . TO ADVANCE MONEY to MEMBERS to BUILD or PURCHASE PROPERTY upon the Security of the Property Purchased , tlie rent of which will aid in re-paying the amount advanced .
Ad00418
ROYAL ADELAIDE OALLERY . NOVEL ENTERTAINMENT . ATMOSPHERIC Railwav daily , with explanatory lecture . The New Kcntond Chief , Pahc a Range , will give a course of lectures on the Manners and Cus . toms of New Zealand , on the evenings of Monday , Wednesday , and Friday next . Mr . _Russ-.-ll continues to deliver hi * un * _qiiall « d lectures on Character , on Tuesday , Thursday , aud Saturday evenings Lectures on Science , A-c , daily , Including Major _Beuiowski ' s Artificial Memory , Real's Rotatory Steam Engine , Kollman _' s Locomotive Engine for ascending inclines ou Railways . Everv evening a Grand Promenade Concert , supported by first rate tulf . nt , both vocal and instrumental .
The Inokthekn Star Satukday, September 20, 1845.
THE iNOKTHEKN STAR SATUKDAY , SEPTEMBER 20 , 1845 .
Tiie Xew Scotch Pooh Law. Ix A Former Ar...
TIIE _XEW SCOTCH POOH LAW . Ix a former article wo explained and commented on the machinery for working the new amended Scutch Poor Law : we purpose now to offer some further remarks on a few of the most important clauses of that law . We have before stated that tho parochial boards for the administering of the new law are to be constituted in the first instance of the Kirk Session in
each parish ; and no change can take place , except the said hoard shall resolve to raise the relief funds by assessment : in which case , the board is to thenceforth consist of a certain number of persons elected by thu mo-payers , together with four persons appointed by the magistrates , and four more by the Kirk Session . What we now wish to call attention to is , the clause ( 19 ) which provides for the mode of electing those members of the board to be appointed bv the rate-pavers .
Iii ill-it clause it is provided that in burglial parishes every person assessed for the support of the poor , shall lie allowed to give one or more votes for the elected members of the board , according to thc following scale : —The owners of lands aud heritages * under the annual value of twenty pounds , one vote ; above twenty , but under forty pounds , two votes ; forty , but under sixty pounds , three votes ; sixty , but under one hundred pounds , four votes ; one hundred ' omuls , but under five hundred pounds , five votes ; and five hundred pounds and upwards , six votes ! All _pcwonsfessesseil a * _tlipoccupnntsoflands and heritages , or a- _^ tsscd on means and substance , to have each the simp number of votes as an owner of lauds and heri-
Tiie Xew Scotch Pooh Law. Ix A Former Ar...
tages assessed to the same amount for the support o l the poor would have . No person can vote who has not paid _» _U rates and assessments due at the time ol voting . Here is made plain as the sun at noon-day the grand principle of all our present legislation—the " conservation" ofthe power of the rich , and the continued subjugation of the poor . ' The " plurality of votes " for the wealthy is one of tho most insulting schemes of despotism ever devised . A hypocritical pretence is made of allowing the
ratepayers a voice in the . management of their own affairs i but the pretence is all . If government by representation—parochial as well as national—is to be really what it is pretended to be , —the reflex of the popular will and the elected of the _majority , —it is essential that the represented should each have one vote , and no more : otherwise , the few with their " six votes each , " may outvote the mast who have but " one vote each . " The undisguised rule ofthe rich—allowing the poor no voice , no vote—would be infinitel y preferable to this juggling fraud ,
Of course the tools of the rich will tell us that the rich man , contributing more to the poor ' s fund than the poor man , has a right to have six votes to the poor man ' s one . This we deny . The shilling paid by thc poor man is to him of far more importance than the pound can be to the rich man . On pecuniary grounds the poor man sacrifices moke than doe 3 the rich ; and therefore has rights at least equally sacred . But we disdain to argue the question on pecuniary grounds . "Man is man ; and who is more ? " 'Tis on that ground we demand for the poor rate-payer equality of power with his ' richer fellow-creature .
The rich may think themselves lucky that they are not compelled , of themselves , to wholly support the impotent and destitute . If anything like j ustice guided the acts of our legislators , the rich would be made to do this . It is from " the superfluous ivealth " ofthe rich that the destitute ought to be wholly provided for , without taxing the poor at all . Further , so long as social inequality is permitted to continue , to make that inequality at all bearable , the poor should be freed from all taxes , national or local : and the rich sliould bo compelled to pay all , and contribute
too progressively , according to the extent of their incomes . Were this the case there would be fewer _aristocrats , millocrats , bishops , and similar cattle dying worth tlieir hundreds of thousands , and even millions of money : but there would also be fewer who would die destitute : probably none who would die in workhouses or by suicide : and although even then absolute justice would not reign , —for did justice reign there would be neither rich nor poor , —still there would be less of misery ; and society would not be the torturing hell the rich by their plunder and legislation make it at the present time .
To return to the new law . "We should add that the qualification ( by the ownership or occupancy of lands or heritages ) of an elected member of the Parochial Board is to be fixed by the Board of Supervision ; to be fixed in no case "at a higher annual value than fifty pounds . " When we consider the aristocratic constitution of the Board of Supervision , we may be sure that the qualification will n _« vcr bc fixed much under fifty pounds . So that no poor man can be elected to the Parochial Board . Property , as ever , rules poverty ,
Assessments may be imposed as follows : —tho Parochial Board may resolve that one-half of the assessment shall be imposed npon the owners , and the other half upon the tenants or occupants of all lands and heritages ; or that one-half shall be imposed upon the owners of all lands and heritages , and _th e other half upon the whole inhabitants according to their means and substance other than lands and heritages in Great Britain or Ireland ; or that the assessment shall be imposed as an equal per-centage upon the annual value of all lands and heritages within the parish , and upon the estimated annual income of tho whole inhabitants from means and substance , other than lands and heritages situated in Great Britain and Ireland . ( See clause 34 . )
Whichever mode of assessment is chosen , it must , be submitted to the Board of Supervision for the approval of tliat board . No person is to be liable to bc _assessed in any parish or combination of parishes on his means and substance , unless the estimated annual value thereof in the whole shall exceed thirty pounds . ( See clause 48 . ) The whole of tho clauses relating to assessments should be well considered . Where the inhabitants of any parish are already subjected to assessments for the support of the poor by authority of any local act or established usage , it is provided by the now law that the assessment may be continued to bo levied in accordance with such local aGt or usage , _// the Parochial Hoard so resolves , and the Board of Supervision approves .
Iii parishes containing more than five thousand inhabitants , poor-houses may be erected , if approved of by the Board of Supervision . Parishes may unite together for that purpose . The rules and regulations for the government of poor-houses arc to be framed by the Parochial Board , but must be approved of by the Board of Supervision . —( See clauses GO , 61 , 02 , 03 , G 4 , 65 , 6 G . ) By clause 69 it is provided that thc Parochial
Board shall provide medicines , medical attendance nutritious diet , cordials , and clothing for thc poor , "in such manner and to such extent as may seem equitable and expedient : and it shall be lawful for the Parochial Board to make provision for the education of poor children who are themselves , or whose parents are objects of parochial relief . " It will bo a principal duty of the inhabitants of each parish to see that this clause is full y and properly executed .
By clause 70 , destitute persons are to be relieved , although having no settlement in the parish to which they apply ; such relief to be continued by the parish applied to , until such time as the applicant is removed to his own parish . To gain a settlement in any parish , a person must have resided five years continuously in the parish ; maintained himself during that time without haying had recourse to common begging , and without having received or applied for parochial relief . Persons who , previous to the passing of this Act , have acquired a settlement by virtue of a residenco of three years , aro not to bo affected by the alteration made by the new law .
In a former article wc commented on the alteration for the worse made in the old laws by the new act relative to the right of the poor to appeal to the Court of Session , when refused relief , or when the relief allowed was inadequate to the wants of the applicant . Clauses 73 , 7-1 , and 75 treat of this portion of the law . The meaning of those clauses is briefly as follows : —A person making application , for relief , if refused by tho Parochial Board , may apply to the Sheriff of the county ; and the Sheriff , if ho is of opinion that the applicant is " legally" entitled to relief , may make an order for his relief on the
Inspector of the parish to wliich the applicant has applied . The Inspector must then furnish the Sheriff with a written statement , showing why the applicant was refused relief . This _statement must be answered ; and the Sheriff may appoint an agent to appearand answer on behalf of the applicant . If necessary the Sheriff shall take further proceedings , —set forth in the act , —to prepare the matter for final adjudication . The Sheriff can command "interim relief" to be given to the applicant ; but cannot decide as to the amount of tho relief . Where the relief granted is considered
inadequate by the receiver , the aggrieved person must lodge his complaint with the Board of Supervision . If that board considers the complaint wellgrounded , and if tho grievanco is not forthwith remedied b y the parochial board , the Boar / _fl of Supervision may furnish the aggrieved person witli a certificate "authorising" him to _brir . irr _]] _* netion agaiust the parish , aud entitling liim to the benefit of the poor's roll iu the Court of _Session . Further after sneh action has cowracnceri , the Board of Supervision may award to the rj 00 i . pevson « suc ] _, interim aliment as to the said board shall seem just during the dependency -of such action ; " which award the parochial board _iU ; : s (; oijey < , Vy cmH _^ law can entertain any uction unless tha Board of
* "' Lands And Heritngps' Shall Extend T...
* "' Lands and _heritngps' shall extend to and include si ! lands fishinrs , iWii-wafr-. " * , ferries , quays , wharfs , ¦ i"C '; . s . _ra . _' . _tls . i- _u l . _vfl-. s , nii < : _t £ , minerals , quarries , coal-- . _ii---ks . _liiiK ' -iv _. irks . _tiV-i-H-. vorl _;* , _ir-m-works _, gas-works , ¦ acMrius , . i ' . _id u _:- _* . _i-. iu : ti _* i ' . iri ! ig establisluncnts , houses , ui : ' _.-iieJls , «* _i-, _|» s , w : ii- < . _ii-ii !> _--s , uiills , ' cellars , stalls , _iiali ' ws . _^ _avxk ' av , y ,, i \ i _» , and nil _Wilti ' _iogs iiud pertiue _' nts thereof . "
Supervision Shall Have Previo Usly Certi...
Supervision shall have previo usly certified that there u a just cause for Hie same . Clause CS enacts , "that froffl and after the passi _„ o- of this Act , all assessments imposed and levied for the relief of the poor , shall extend and be applicable to the relief of occasional as well as permanent pool * : PROVIDED ALWATS , THAI NOTHING _IIEHEIX CONTA INED SHAM . BE HELD M CONFER A RIGHT 10 DEMAND RELIEF ON ABLE-BODIED PERSONS OUT «? employment . " This legal abrogation of the natural and imprescriptible right ofthe poor to a subsistence when without employment , is as cool a piece of
rascality as even a " Scotch lawyer" could possibly propose , or a Graham sanction ! It would havo been amusing , if it had not been disgusting , to hear the shameless plunderers , such as Dundas and Co ., vaunting " the superiority of the Scotch system of relieving tho poor , " on thc ground that denying all relief to the able-bodied , and giving to the aged and the impotent the smallest possible means of keeping body and soul together , was the sure mode of preserving "independence" amongst thc working classes ! and perpetuating the charitable and hospitable spirit for wliich they were famed ! Sir James Graham " did not think it prudent to say that the able-bodied
poor should be entitled to relief . " Mr . _Colquiiou . v , one of the psalm-singing ultra-religious gentry , considered "that in Scotland nothing could be more unwise than to introduce a system of relief for ablebodied men . He feared it might _increase ? vice . " Mr . Dundas , however , exceeded all the rest ef the "feelosofical" party , by his bold avowal that ' " the smallness of relief given under the old laws constituted the beauty of the system . The poor was not felt as a burden on anybody . " " The Scotch system was built on the supposition of one man relieving ' another ; and it was the credit , and honour , and highest glory OF THE POOR that they did relievo
one another . " Mighty fine this ! but would it not he much better , if , instead of the poor keeping the poor , the rich were made to do that work ? How disgusting is the hypocrisy of this Dundas , prating of the " spirit of independence" which sets the Scottish working-man above receiving relief . The more fool the Scottish working man , if he be such an ass . This fellow , Dundas , spouted too the praises of " porridge . " He had never anything for breakfast but porridge , till he came to England . He never saw anything but porridge , till he came here , " If porridge is so good , and such an excellent preserver of the " spirit of independence , " why the
devil did he ( as does all his countrymen ) leave his spoon behind him ? Why does he not " sup his por ridge" still ? Is it that he finds it sweeter to give up his _poirtdge and his " independence , " and , as a party hack , exhibit his appetite for the "loaves and fishes" of expectant place ? Ono thing is certain , he no longer loves porridge and "independence " himself , though he admires it in his countrymen who cannot get to England : but if his countrymen are not fools , they too will try and get something better than porridge , and grow ashamed of that degrading " independence" which leaves tlieir poor to suffer vile and abject misery for the benefit cf the plundering , hypocritical , heartless rich .
We assert that the right of the able-bodied poor man , wanting employment , or if employment does not afford him adequate subsistence ; we assert that his rig ht to relief is aa sacred and undeniable as that of the helpless infant , the $ bcd-ridden , the aged , the mutilated , or otherwise impotent . What difference is there in the actual present condition of a miner deprived of employment by a glut in the coal market , and the condition of his brother-miner , rendered unable to work by having suffered from an explosion of fire-damp ? In their future condition there may be a great difference ; because the one may never be able to work again , whilst the other is able to work
if employment offers : but for the time being the one is as helpless as the other ; and the one ' s right to subsistence from the public fund is as good as the other ' s . So with the husbandman , the artizan , the mechanic , the factory-worker , tlio sailor , and al others of tho classes dependent on labour and wages for their means of living . "Unfavourable seasons ; commercial gluts ; monetary panics ; political _misgovernment ; social convulsions or wars , may deprive in a week or a day , numbers of all , or nearly all , theso several sections of the working class of the means of subsistence : and under such circumstances to refuse them the relief _tvldch Is theirs by right , is robbery . To deny the right of the abled-bodied but destitute poor to relief , is to place them without the pale of society .
When men abandon tho savage state for a state of _sdciety , they give up certain of their individual rights in exchange for the benefits of mutual protection : but if _ivhen protection is _needed—puotection against death—it is withheld by one class from another , there Diverts to tho class denied tlie needed protection , all their natural rights : and they have a right in that case to protect themselves as men in a state of nature ivould : that is , the poor man , lacking subsistence , has a natural right to seek it as the "savage" would , wherever he can find It ; and knowing that it would be on the land , and in the houses of the rich , that he must " seek if he would find , " ho would , in the assertion of such natural right , trample on the law of " mine aud thine , " and have recourse to the " Good old way , the simple plan ,
That they should take who have tho pow _« r , And they should keep who can . " That ' s wliat the poor , denied relief , would be justified in doing ; and do it tbey would , if tbey bad one tithe ofthe brigand spirit ofthe rich in their composition . The wonder is that they have not long before this tried their hands at it , when we consider what provocation they have had in the cruelty with which they havo been treated , and the damnable doctrines which have been preached to justify the usurpations and robberies of the rich . As a specimen ofthe doctrines of tho Scotch " f ' _eelosofers , " Dr .. Alison quotes two " illustrious" professors in the University of Edinburgh : —
One _saying that lie thought no greater curse could befall mountry than the establishment of a legal provision for Uspoor ; and tho other , that if ho could dispose of the charitable institutions in Scotland , he would abolish them all , except hospitals and dispensaries , and leave the poor , unless when afllicted with disease , entirely to their own resources . 1 need ( says the Doctor ) hardly suy that _neailytlie same doctrine has . been zealously espoused by our present _illustrious-profstsor of . dieinilyi "Our present illustrious Professor of Divinity " iB the notorious high-flying ., non-intrusion Dr . Chalmeiis ; the pope ofthe Free Kirk ,
We presume it is on the "damnable doctrines " of theso "illustrious" professors , and the " illustrious ilhiRtrissiino " Bv . Chalmers , that tho heritors and Kirk Sessions justify their robbery of funds set apart by benevolent individuals for the - support of the Door . Yes ,, these _"aristocraticaJ " " respectable , " and " God-fearing ' _" * rascals have actually embezzled monies which were the actual property of the poor . Thc fact is thus stated in the return " on the population and management ofthe poor in Scotland -. "—
In several parishes and towns benevolent individuals mortified certain sums of money from time to time ; aud from the increase of the subjects in which the money has sometimes been invested , tho value of the mortifications has increased very nnVerially . They frequently _superneile any assessments for _tlia poor in the parishes to which they belong , although in some cases it is expressly lijol'ired by their founders , and in other cases seems to be implied , that the poor should receive the amount arising annually from such sources , in addition to , and exclusive of , _tt' / _wtt tltcy would he legally entitled to .
Thus these trustees ot funds left for charitable purposes frequently use such funds , contrary to tbe express declaration of the donors , in discharging obligations attached to their own property and thus those aids , which were intended to be " exclusive of what the poor were legally entitled to , " are fraudulently applied to " supersede an _assei-smont . " This gross breach of trust is thus teiuler ' iv alluded to by thc Commissioners of Inquiry ;—In addition to the money supplied u . v the Church _, collections and otlier sessional funds , there exists ill many parishes a grenfr _.-r or less annua ' , income ' arising from mortifications—that is , sums _,, f nion _.-v , or laud g iven in mortmain or perpetuity by _bcuuvolciit iildividual- * . They then proceed to state . , < Imt no only is the interest of such" donations or legacies" applied as
Supervision Shall Have Previo Usly Certi...
_»¦ in . ¦ - _»—¦—¦ - _, _¦ ¦ : - general funds for the relief of the poor , b . ' > t that " encroachments are often made on the capital sui . _™ by the heritors and Kirk Sessions . " Now what is this but downright fraud and robbery ? The heritors and Kirk Sessions were bound , under the old laws , to provide " needful _sustentation" for the poor and impotent , without regard to any means of subsistence wliich the poor might derive from other sources , such as these " mortifications ; " instead of which they make these " mortifications , " with _perhaps the addition of the paltry collections at Kirk doors , supply the entire means of supporting the poor , themselves contributing not a farthing for that purpose- and it has often happened that the heritors
—that it » the land-robbers—have refused any contribution for the relief ofthe poor , until the charitable funds _intruvtcd to their administration wero entirely dissipated . Well , what does the Government do with these thievfis ? Does it instruct the Lord-Advocate to prosecute them for the recovery of the embezzled sums ? Doe , s it . pursue them to the gaol or the hulks , where poor and petty plunderers are always driven ? _Nothing of the sort ! On the contrary , a law is passed to _reinvest with power over thc property and lives of the . poor , the very men who have been guilty of these _malversations 1 Men of Scotland , see in this another 01 " the results of class legislation * the robberies committed by the rich sanctified by law ; and the _unhappy poor handed over to the tender - mercies of theso legalised
brigands . While wo are on the subject of " ilam h _^ le doctrines , " we will quote another sample of Scotch ' feclosofy . " The extract giv . cn below we have from Wade ' s London Review , for _JTovember , _ISi-l . It was quoted into that publication as from the _Edinburgh Review , vol . 65 , p . 405 . Read ' ;—One ofthe Commissioners of _Incmir . v , declared upon
this evidence that , if any trustee of a pu blic charity , for the distribution of doles , instead of tffotrft '* utin B the . , ubstance as intended , consumed it in good _clu'cr for himself and f riends ; and that any trustee , of a charity fa . " foundlings , who , instead of applying the substance to them ' purpose ? , kept a mistrsss with it _. really produced less immoraJX _l / by such a course of proceeding , as compared with te literal administration of the trust , and was , . jw tanto , a . ba _^ factor to the public .
" One of the Commissioners of Inquiry ? _what Commission?—what Inquiry ? We know not : for the commentator in Wade s Revieiv saith not : an /' the number of the Edinburgh Review , into which this atrocious doctrine was first quoted , wc never saw . But though we don't know , we may guess ; and although we may be wrong , wo believe the " Commissioners of Inquiry" were the Coinniisioner 3 of Scottish Poor Law Inquiry . The names of those
Commissioners , it will bo remembered , wero Lord Melville , Lord Beliiaven , Mr . Home Duummo . nd , Mr . Campbell , of Craige , the Rev . Mr . Patbick Macfarlane , of the West Kirk of Greenock , the Rev . Mr . James Robertson- , minister of Ellon , and Edward Twisletox , Esq . This last-named person is an Englishman ; and as he protested against the report of thc Commission , and set his race against the hard-hearted doctrines of the rest of the
Commissioners , we may reasonably suppose him guiltless of tho above devilish declaration . If our surmis _? is correct , as to the particular Commission of Inquiry , it follows , therefore , that some one of the abovenamed two Scotch lords , two Scotch heritors , and two Scotch ministers , was the author of tho above execrable avowal . " O Heaven ! that such companions _thou'dst unfold ,
And place in every honest hand a whip To la » h the rascals naked through the world . " We _Bliall not comment on the superlatively infamous doctrine of the " Commissioner . " We leave that to the reader , each one for himself . Would that we knew the identical miscreant ! Would that wc could give his name ! For hatred it should be remembered , That name—¦ " to every eye '
The Climax Of All Scorn, Should Hang On ...
The climax of all scorn , should hang on high , Exalted o ' er his less abhorr'd compeers—And festering in the infamy of years . " We must not quit these expounders of "damnable doctrines" without commending to detestation that hungry Whig , late " _Plais Jonx , " now Lord Campbell ; formerly persecutor of the Chartists , and now , by the grace of Whig jobbery , one of tbe " Hereditary Incurables" of St . Stephen ' s . Speaking on this bill be said , " He thought that the framers of the bill had done well in not giving way to the clamours which had been excited to provide
compulsory relief for all persons , whether able-bodied or not , who might be out of employment . It was a mistike to make a lavish provision for the poor , and also to encourage improvident marriages . It was wrong to proclaim that a young man and woman should marry and bring as many children into the world as their fecundity might afford , not having the means to maintain them . " This infernal doctrine is propounded by a Whig ex-Chancellor , who , being " out of employment , " an " able-bodied pauper , " ROBS the country in the shape of " compulsory relief" of £ 5 , 000 annually . ' His beastly Malthusian trash is scarcely worth replying to at this time of dav . The
people havo learned that if " a young roan nnd a young woman" have not the means of keeping their offspring , their lack of means arises from the fact of tlieir having with the rest of the public to help to keep such cold-blooded , parchment-hearted vampires as this Loud _Campiibll and his class . Would to heaven the masses were ail of our mind ! They would make this " noble" fraud-monger eat his own rags and drink his own ink , rather than that he sliould , fo one day longer , live an aristocratic * ' pauper , " plundering the people , and heaping upon them injustice and insult in return .
Thc- last clause of the new law we shall notice is the 60 th , by which it is enacted that " any person who has been removed to England , Ireland , or the Isle of Man , and shall afterwards return to Scotland and apply for relief , or become chargeable by himself or his family to the parish , shall lie prosecuted as a ' vagabond ; ' and shall , upon conviction , bc punishable by imprisonment , with or without hard labour , for any period not exceeding two months . " The injustice of this- infamous clause is plain enough . An Englishman oiirishmaii , —and there aro many ol both nations in Scotland—cotton-spinners ,
ironworkers , curriers , miners , brickmakers , glass-workers , weavers , aud labourers , —having employment in thc country , through slackness of trade loses his work . Reduced to want ho is compelled to , seek parish relief . The relief he nets is . the hiuW Pi _>>* t . «< i out of thi country , to find such relief as he- can in "his own parish . " In a short time , perhaps , trade improves ; , ami , believing lie can get _vvoi'k from his former employer , the poor fellow makes his way to Scotland again . Perhaps he docs not succeed . The master has " no room" for another man ; and search is in vain elsewhere . The man is without
home and in want of food ; maltreated and punished il found begging . lie applies for relief to the Inspector of the poor : and the consequence is , his prosecution and punishment as a " vagabond ! . " With sneh a law , would it not be well to send Mr . Dundas packing back again to his own country- , there to enjoy the sweets of " porridge" and "independence ?'' We remember that when Mr . Shahmax C & _awporu denounced this chvase , as one under which * ' apoor man might actually be treated as a vagabond , and for no
cause but a second time wanting relief , " Sir James Graham hitemtptcd him by saying , " It is the law in England now . " The report goes on to represent Mr . _CitAWFoim aa saying , " Thou it ought to be repealed . ( A laugh . ) It made it no better to say it was the law in England or in any couutry . " When Mr . Crawford denounced this atrocious law thc response waa a laugh ! Yes , when the wrongs ofthe poor aie descanted on , the h _yenas laugh , They maj laugh the wrong side of their mouths vet , !
The manner in which this law was forced through the legislature reflects lusting disgrace on its authors and supporters . Many petition' were presented against it ; and not one for it . If members silently voted for it in obedience to their own selfish interests , or the _mandata of the Mhusfa r , all the _argunient that was employed in the _sevucul debates was whollv on the _ftiilo of Iho oiipo . rifr . ion , and exhibited solely by tiie opponent" measure . Tliosc who had ' tho
The Climax Of All Scorn, Should Hang On ...
least regard for justice , or even _decency , joined in tktf appeal for postponement , to afford an opportunity for making the law really what it professed to be—. jn amendment of preexisting statutes . All was in vaii . - At the fag-end of the session , at morning sittings , with houses of scarcely more than forty mem . bcrs out of six hundred and fifty-eight , the bill was hurried through its last stages ; and after this fashion passed hy the Commons . In the Lords , public decency was still more grossl y outraged . These titled incubuses lumped together the entire eighty-eight clauses , and " adopted them at once with
hardly even the mockery of a discussion . Compare this with the time bestowed on party debates , or ou such questions as the Maynooth endowment , or on Railway Bills , which in private committees and public discussions have occupied so much of the time of the ' session last closed . This , however , is not to be wondered at , Mammon is fully represented , whilst labour has but few friends . The haste , however , with which the Lords " registered" this measure niny turn out to be a good . They were too hasty to act wisely ; and the blunder they thus committed will bo learned by the following : —
Blunders of the Legislature . —There is a curious clerical error in the . Scotch Poor Law Amendment Act passed last session . The first meeting of tlie Hoard wns fixed for Wednesday , the 2 l ) tlt ult ., "or ten days thereafter , " but the month designated by ths words ot' tiic net is " August _nsxt . " Now , the measure only riceived tho royal assent on the 4 th of the present August , so that , by the strict interpretation of the law , the board cannot act for a year , If tins had been a quiet way of shclviii !* an objectionable measure , which its authors , after making so much of , would no doubt have been ashamed openly to withdraw , we should have had little to say regarding it . But we doubt if it i 6 that . Vic are given to understand that the board is to act notwithstanding tho blunder , aud apply next year for a bill of indemnity .
Whether they will act as is here intimated , in oppc \ ition to law , or wait their " appointed time , " re nains to be seen .
Co Fteattets & Coitigpoifflent&
Co _fteattets & CoiTigpoifflent &
Tnr. Coxistonications Op Vf . J., Belfas...
Tnr . _CoxistoNicATioNS op Vf . J ., Belfast ; _lluou IUxsosi , Borough ; George Candlett , IItde ; Joseph IIausy _, _Mahchesteb ; and Thomas Livesey , Hoch . dale , who have written to us on the Odd Fellow dispute , will he obliged to stand over till next week . Tho great length at which wc felt ourselves called on to give the awful revelations of the Andoycr hell-hole , and the _proceedings at _Rochdalo iu opposition to the Somerset House despots , leave us no room for a continuation of our remarks on the present condition of the Odd Fellows ' _institution . These ive shall endeavour to give at jircttv _m > od length next week ; and with those remarks such pen ' . _tio . ns of tho communications of our correspondents _abo . renaincd as have not already been given : i . c , wc Bhail 8 * ve ! _lH tlic r , cw matter—thc _iicio arguments , bearing on the questions at issue . Of course we cannot be _exoccte to B ' ve a st 0 VT half-a-dozen times over , Of
the com . _'nuniC'itions from the correspondents named above , _Wv niay state that of Mr . G . Candlett is in defence of - tlic Executive in their " suspensions ; " and he actually _qui''tes " _'«•«' 'in justification ! Tlie Odd Fellow readers _» of the Star shall have the benefit of the only defence that w e have yet seen ofthe acts which , whether they were in no cordanec with "law" or not , every man , knowing anythii > _S o f life and the principles that govern the ordinary _transactions of business , must pronounce to be U . \ _E-. VDUn . _\ BLE _TYltANXY ; aud tlicy shall also have thcbcnefi . t of an examination of the . su jikknoj of that " _defsnee . " _^ r . Thomas Livesey _' s letter is in corroboration of the statement of the " Old 0 , hl 7 V ( - tott ' , " relative to the " bowling out" of Jlr . C . S . Katcliffe , on the Kewton r . ace-eourse , offering to bet with all around him . Mr . Lfi esey rode in the same carriage to the course with _31 r . _Ita _. tcliffe , and distinctly saw and heard him , repeatedly an d oft , " oft ' to let with all around him . " This letter we shall give next week : and shall probably have _socucthing to say respecting the morality of betting , and of Xhe prudence of permitting a KNOWN gamble' * to have the handling of hundreds of thoustmds of pounds of other people ' s money .
Mb . Thomas Livesey , 11 ochdale .-- \ Vc thank him _kinilly for his good opinion ofthe article he names ; and shall be happy to have from him the matters of information promised . If lie can interest himself to- get the particulars of the Bcclc 5 case , we shall be obliged , VV'hac we require , to fulfil the duty we have _undertaken , are facts . Supply us with _thest , and wc will fearlessl y apply them , regardless of whom they implicate , or whom they reflect credit on . The case is one thai * must be dealt with on tho ground offacts , if justice is to be _tlmic to the hundreds of thousands that have joined the Institution , and if their hard savings are to be s . \ _i' 3 . The question is a broad one ; comprehends and includes much : and cannot be settled on _ino'ieiViial grounds . Jacob Tkcstv . —His letter is in type , but obliged to be _hejit over . P . M'GnATn , —The meeting to which his address refers is postponed . H . KrrcHix . —Since the notice last week appeared , itc have found the letter lie inquired after , and found also that wc had confounded two other letters , asking for information to decide sonic public-house bets , with his . Atthe same time tlie very nature of his question was such as to preclude the ordinary attention paid to ordinary communications . Thematter was one that did not fall
within our province . Generally speaking , the depart _, incut to which his question lias reference , is not unilur our control : but wc may mention that on the savin / announcement which ho names being printed out to us , and learning that it had been sent for a number of insertions , wo took on ourselves to " order" its discontinuance . As to the first _announcement lie names , wo are unconscious of _anything improper in it . _Fi-rliat-i Mr . Kitchin is : if so , he has the advantage : fur we have not read the works . As for Jlr . Kitchin writing to other parties , he will just suit his own inclination in that matter : but we imagine that the purest embodiment of " candour" and " courtesy" that JMr . K . can _addt ' _eSsS him & etf to , will not atiswat' . in _iuiufi'titiwit question _impErtinuiitly put , _unlwss he likes , TV . WuionT , of Stockport , wishes to caution the Chartist public against a man of tbe name of Abraham Ileigh , from Whitworth , near llochdale . His reason for _wiitingis , tliatTIeiijh has been amongst _thn-Chartists of Stockport , and left the town iu disirrace . He iVafs that he tuny try to play similar pranks at otlwr places _.
Receipts Of Tne Ciiaktist Co-Ol'euative ...
RECEIPTS OF TnE CIIAKTIST CO-Ol'EUATIVE LAND SOCIETY . _r-EB MB . O ' CONNOR , £ s . J . Cathay , Bristol , per J . Caincs .. .. .. 11 ' ' Foundry House , Cullompton , per C . l ' arnell - 10 S 11 Stockport , per T . Woodhouse .. .. ... 0 U Carlisle , per J . Gilberton .. .. ,. .. 4 _'•> r ' Rotherliain , per William Ivimpstou .. .. 1 1 10 Old Ihistbrd . Notts , per It . lloorc .. .. It " Leeds , per Win . Brooks .. .. .. .. 5 fl 0 llnriisluv . per J . Ward 5 0 0 Colne , per IL IL liarber fl 0 0 Sclbv . per J . Bryan .. .. .. .. 2 11 ' )
. Manchester , per J . Murray .. .. .. 1 . 1 0 0 Northampton , per W . ilirady .. .. .. 2 A 0 I _' _uriilcy , per J , Gray •¦ !» 1 n Sunderland , per Wia Dobbie ... .. .. 1 11 * ileywood , peril . Clegs - •• .. 1 " l 1 Oldham , per W . Ilainor .. ... .. .. 2 i' 0 Bolton Lee Moors , per Mr , Stevenson .. .. 8 0 « - rjtaleybr . ilgc , per J . Durham ,. ,, .. 0 ' J 1 _Molti'am , pur- J . Durham .. .. .. .. 2 ; i II _lli-adford , per , 1 . Alderson .. „ .. i > " 'J Glasgow , _jier J . Smith .. .. .. .. S I •» Macclesfield , per J . Warren .. .. „ - l *' Birmingham , per II . Parker .. ,. .. l " ° N . B . —The- sum ncknowleclged from S . _ilforil last we « k should havo been £ 2 Is 3 d , not £ 1 ) . s yd .
PEK . _GTaKEUAI . _Sr-CUIiTAttV , instalments . £ s . d . & s * d . Todmordcn .. 0 5 0 J , Davies .. " ; _llunley .. .. 0 13 8 IUehurd Kogers .. 0 I *
SHAKES . Westminster * .. 1 10 0 llobert Eagle .. - - l' | Whittington & Cat 10 4 lloucn , Prance .. $ ' Thomas . Smith .. 580 Mr . 1 'idge .. « - John Smith .. .. 2 11 0 Elijah Xobbs ¦• » ' - , Somers Town .. 200 Mr . Battison " ° _[ _« llebdonbridso .. 1 12 4 Mr . Goldsmith .- ¦ ' " CARDS ASD 11 ULES . Mr . Cleave .. .. 014 Hunlev .. ft " , ? , Mottravn .. .. 008 Longton .. » « " . s _Stnley-bridge .. 024 Manchester .. " l '' * in last week ' s Star £ 3 w & s acknowledged from i _' 1- ' minster instead of A' 3 . , , I must again call upon those sub-secretaries , who a ' nut scut nu ; the necessary returns , to forward tlicin _, >» ' '" up- to the X'resent dale , ns speedily as possible . Thomas Maiitix _IViiekiek _, _Sccre tar _**
_-NATIONAL CIIAItTEll ASSOCIAT 10 > . EXECUTIVE . PEK MB . O ' CONNOR . . 3 _taleybi'idg-j , pelf J . Bnvb . Mn .. .. .. 0 « DIXON FUND , _. Mr . G . Cavill , Sheffield » ° ' PER GENEKiL _SECMTARr . SUUSCRirTlONS . j Halance of late Fins- _IJi-atlfonl .. — " . burr Locality , per Mountain , proceeds ot Mr . _' rowott .. .. 2 r , Chartist shavingllerhy 0 6 shop * , Helper , A . Holmes .. 1 0 Halifax J _, Derby , T . Thmnins .. 0 3 Dcwshury _" _, .. •¦ } JLcivi _.-diam .. .. 7 0 Littlctown .- . 0 Newcastle-upon-Tyne S C Somers Town .. J
CAKDS . ., _fi _Kewcastlo-upon-Tyno .. .. .. ° DIXON FUND . d A few Chartist Boot T . Chester , Derby .. « ( . and Shoemakers , Vf . Chandler , ditt >> Y _, ; West End .. .. 8 C Vf . Crabtreo _, ditto .. l * A . Holmes , lielpcr .. 0 C Thomas _Maktin S \' nt _&& _-
Irasii " Conciliation" !—The Public Has Longl***? Ilissrustcil Witli The Intolerance, Bisrotry, Ami Iiiicii ;"*
Irasii " Conciliation" !—The public has longl _***? ilissrustcil witli the intolerance , _bisrotry , ami iiiicii ; " *
Tubl' Eness Displayed In Exeter Hall : B...
tubl ' _eness displayed in Exeter Hall : but tne _disr-i _. ' . " of late in _"Concilialiou Hall" ( n _' cvci WIS term - misused ) , Dublin , exceed those at tlie forme ! ' _p' _-J- Mr . J . O'Connell , nt the niectim : on Monday , ¦ . . , ; on it to " brand every man as a traitor who- •>» " ¦ ; take oiliee in the new colleges , " and Mr . l- _^ ' _^ rounded that even * man vdio sent liis e " t 0 , ' educated in those colleges sliould be also hrpm ' ' ,. ' a traitor . Such preposterous _language as tins _y _* _.- _, gratify the people iii _Conciliation Hall / , but lt . ( ' _,. ' , ' crc . it 1 ! a feelin "* of loathing in tlie ¦ 'l ' . ud , J- „ n , ; . _niiiiiiTiiie nnd sensible man , ho lie C _sViioin- ' j ; . _„ , ; _tos-rnni . Tho col-cues , however , w ' tl » . be _-f '"! . ' , :,. ' ; v an ) , wiuit is luoro , " be _filli-il _withi ' _M- y . uiUi «•' . » _'" •' of tlie best famines in Ireland . _—JJrigh ' M ' - ¦/ ' ¦ •' ''• ' _¦'•'
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 20, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_20091845/page/4/
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