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three months - . February 23; 1850. _ ,-...
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» tMBUTE OF RESPECT TO THE "NAfIOXALASSO...
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M*weiB9.
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Declaration ofCitisen A. L. Jules Lechev...
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- *I*C The Progressionist. London: Colli...
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Carthagenian AHTiauiriEs,--A collection ...
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THE CONDITION 0*P ENGLAND QUESTION. (Con...
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THE ADELPHI.1 u *\j y p recious Betsy " ...
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SURREY THEATRE. On Monday night last a n...
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ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. Sir John ...
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Mr. Josbph Hambro, head of an extensive ...
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TALHaBth—The lips of talkers will be tel...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Three Months - . February 23; 1850. _ ,-...
- . February 23 ; 1850 . _ ,- _^¦ ~~ _T- . ' _- _" r ~™ _T' 7 _~ ' 7 T . _"~ " ~ - ™ " _- _«— -- _— ¦¦¦¦¦ _— _— _-- _— : w _j _^^^ X ¦ I ¦¦ I ——————— ¦ ¦ __ ¦ -.. .. _; ,, ; . , _"' ___ M I ¦ " ¦ ' ' I __ " - . .. _- , .: . 6
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» Tmbute Of Respect To The "Nafioxalasso...
_» tMBUTE OF RESPECT TO THE _"NAfIOXALASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES . "
« _i . fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s work . " BT 3 . B . M ' _KKKZIE . Ye poor to each as brothers be , _TJnite in one fond , filial band , To storm the might , That wrongs the right , — Join heart with heart * grasp hand in "hand jjeed not the dastard coward knave , Who'd crouch and bow at tyrants' sight ,-How gain'd thy wealth .
Rut by the stealth , Of industry and labour ' s right ? "What makes the titled marquis , duke , Or higher still , your Queen , your crown ? "Tis labour ' s arm — Ay , e ' en its charm , And yet ' tis welcomed by a frown . This in a country ( _inisycaued free , The pride of nations (?) happy isle (?) All at tbe name
Should Llush with shame , The tear bedeck tbe place of smile . "What form that hath a heart within , That would not aid in freedom ' s cause , To gain the name , Ifay _. more—the fame , Of " Equal rights and equal laws . " TJprouse ye , then , tbe time has come For labour ' s just reward to gain ; Try first the need , And soon the deed Will follow in the train .
TO MAZZINI AND KOSSUTH . BY WILLIAM WH 1 TM 0 _HB . Twas the old story : Liberty _* V _™ e And _-rlorionslv her world-wide march begun—Bnt to be crashed again by bandied foes . Tet thou ** now baffled , seemingly undone _. Ye bave ; _transeendant heroes opr age won lYom tame degeneracy ; your life deeds give Assurance that the hopes of ages goneitienzi ' s , Koscuisko ' * souls—yet live ; And with them ave your names , though now maligned , _ , ,. , In man ' s deep heart of hearts , Fame s noblest temple , shrined I A * and roar cause its _failnre _' shall retrieve ! Kossuth ; droop cot , the Magyars strength
matures : Mazzini , to thv life ' s Idea still cleave ! Triumph for Right the coming time assures ; The patriot flame , ye kindled , yet endures ; And thoug h awhile it smoulder , soon elate—Consuming all Time ' s rubbish , pomps , thron'd powers , Corruptions— 'twill the nations renovate . The phojnix , Freedom , ay , will spring replete Tilth fresh life-vigotir from the ashes of defeat . Leicester . Cooper ' s Journal
M*Weib9.
M _* weiB 9 .
Declaration Ofcitisen A. L. Jules Lechev...
Declaration _ofCitisen A . L . Jules Lechevalier , ex-member of the Committee of the Public Press , and of the Socialist Committee , _Syc . 8 rc . C itizen Joles Lechevalier is one of the condemned ofthe " 13 tli of June . " The pamp hlet before us is a translation of the Declaration he sent to the Hig h Court of Versailles , _r-splaining his non-appearance on the occasion of his trial before that court , and further , the motives which influenced Mm to join in the protest ofthe " 13 th of June . " Citizen Lechevalier enjoys a high reputation as a man of talent , and his name is honourably associated - _« ith those who hare struggled to hreak the
chains ofthe negro . To his credit it should he added that , in his efforts during the reign of Louis Philippe , to accomp lish negro emanci p ation in the French colonies , he desired "to lead the black and coloured people from the state of slavery to that of assoeiation , hy suppressing the intermediate period of pauperism and ofproletariat , -which forms , in the present day , the condition of the great hulk of the peop le in European societies . " Saying this much in justice to Citizen Lechevalier , we -must add , that we find little in his connexion ¦ with French politics—until sharing in the protest ofthe " 13 th of June "—which we can approve of . Although a Socialist from the year 1829—when he became a convert to the _iloch-ines of St Simon—he seems to have
heen anti-republican and anti-revolutionary throughout the reign of Louis Philippe . He speaks of his "fruitless efforts and sacrifices to consolidate the Government of 1830 ; " and avows that he laboured "to prevent the toolegitimate explosion of 1848 . " He adds : — " I was not present at the banquets organised hy M . M . Odilon Barrot , de . Malleville , Leon "Paucher , Thiers , and _Duvergier deHauranne . I neither cried ' Vive la Reforme' hefore , nor during the days of February . " Most of the English Socialists hare p layed a similar part in politics ; bnt the days of that " old school'' are past .
Though not a "Republican de la veule _, Citizen Lechevalier seems to have honestly accepted the Republic , which he declares to he ihe only Government henceforth possible in France . " Connected with the Tribune des Peoples , he published in that journal the documents which , emanating from the Mountain , the Socialist Committee , and the Committee of the Republican Press , formed part of the groundworkfor the accusations directed against the proscribed of the " 13 th of June . " Having escaped to England , he very wisely refused to obey the summons to appear hefore the High Court of Versailles , and was condemned , hy default , to " transportation for life . " "We extract a few paragraphs from this pamphlet : —
ICE 0 PE _BEinAVED BT ? IHE FRENCH GOTEBSiIEr . T . The French Republic of 1848 has remained deaf , blind , and paralytic , when the cry of the peoples called for its active intervention at . Milan , at Berlin , at "Saples , at "Vi enna ! Under the presidency of the heir of the name of _Jfapoleon , who appears to have also inherited his love for papal restorations and alliances of dynasties , the Freach Republic has . gone forth , in company with fonr monarchical powers , to restore the throne of the successor of Gregory Til . ! I dare to predict to the faithless conservative * , who , for the sake of their own material interests alone , have imposed this egotistical prudence on the government of their country , that they will ere long- repent of it , and tbat they will te _jramshed by the very thing in which they hare
tiie 13 ra of rare . In Principle , the Insurrection was legitimate according to the terms of the Constitution of 1848 . The institutions on whieh France is settled are not the work of ages . The _orisin of most governments is ¦ vio lence and usurpation , brought about by might and cunnmg . But with us , thus rocky substratam jus not been concealed by the alluvinm oi centuries beneath the fertile soil of a legitimate and legal order , to which the free assent ofthe citizens , and the regular exercise of all the powers , have given a _Sfcr nSeC _^ ° , n _? he foundations of our _political _BUte are still laid bare , and every one can convan _^ _fe _^^ _«^« lionai priDc , _pleprl j _aflednrthe formation of all the powera which have
_™ _- " _= *«•*¦* omer since 17 S 9 - Amnnc- all tha judges , active magistrates , and the jur _^ _forJ _™ the High-Court of _Vei _^ _es , there lre _% _Zfc | who have not recognised and practised , directly or indirectly , the right of insurrection , and who in particular have not profitted b y the exercise that has been made of it by tbe people . 2 * obody , not even thefirst magistrate of the Republic , has , _therefore , the right to be scandalised when , considering " _- " _¦ _sun-ection as the last extremity to winch the _tttizens ar % used to have recourse in extreme _cir-^• Mnstanees , I declare that if ever insnrrection has _^"" legi timated and authorised by the flagran t vio « tioa ofthe social compact , it was that which would - } . " _* ! " taken place on the 13 th of June , had we been _* Uhng to call it forth .
,. TnEBEALIBAIIOBS . " bo has betrayed this revolution ? "Who has _^ promi sed it ? Who has caused it to go the _fong ? Wbo , sometimes by stratagem , _some-^ _"es by violence , but alwa vs bv an obstinate denial _e _' rT " _^ re fora , and by indifference for the _prince of fraternity , and of the solidarity of nations , compelled the popular energy to overflow , so _Jr _^ nabJy , in the ever to be deplored events of TO i _^ and 23 rd Jane ' 18 id tion * _raKti < m , that is to say , a new coali-0 , „ ? conspiracy , a new plot , a new attentat _jjI"J _^ Jo " $ nis , of all the superstitions , all the r _^ . _r' _-liatives . mnrA nr loss _rtiscmiuxl nf _i >\<\ r \ rn \
_Tog _' T ' financial absolutism . IlLv _? " _**" ~ Ti , E - ° E 1 _* OCKATIC ASD SOCIAL REPUBLIC . _3-flousl 'I " "" finessed the victorious people magnani"• _>!? _iaj JI ) g j own t heir snas forgetting aiff for . £ all , and humbly waiting whilst it devoted
Declaration Ofcitisen A. L. Jules Lechev...
three months of misery to the service of the Republic , the concession of all those rights which it might then have seized , and which no one at that time would have dared to dispute . The people desire thc Republic , with all the consequences of the social dogma , Liberty , Equality , Fraternity , in the workshop , as in the city and the state . The Socialists teach the way and the means of organising definitively , society , for the successful carrying out of these princi ples . The Republic , organised by the people , and for the people , with Universal Suffrage as the means , and Socialism as the dogma and aim , the De mocratic and Social Republic , as the only government henceforth possible and lawful in France . Such has been , such is still , for me the historical log ic the straight line in the march of the revolution of February , and of Our OWN * _NATIONAL PH 0 CRE 5 S . _* I * C
- *I*C The Progressionist. London: Colli...
- The Progressionist . London : Collins , 39 , Holywell-street , Strand . This cheap aud good publication should be better supported than it appears to be . In the twenty-third number , at present before us , we observe a number of excellent articles , from one of which , headed " What do the People require to obtain their Freedom ? " we give the following extract : — GET KNOWLEDGE . What do we want my brothers in order that we mav obtain our freedom ? I reply knowledge , _KNOWLEDGE IS POWER . Brother proletarians , we complain , and justly , that we , the _enrichersand benefactors of our country , shonld be without those rights which appertain to _' man . But whatis it that enables the ruling classes to refuse all concessions ? The want of knowledge by the people . We complain , and justly , of tho immense power of the clergy , tbe _superstitio *} " which they breed , the bigotry which they engender , the errors which they accumulate , the truths which they darken , the liberty whieh they crush , and the happiness which they destroy . But what is it that gives the clergy
such a frightful power 1 The ignorance of our order . We complain , and justly , of tbe baleful influence of an aristocracy . But what , I ask , led tothe formation of such a body inthe first instance , and to its toleration afterwards ? The want of knowledge by the people . We complain , and justly , of the horrors of our social system—tbat the lives of the people should be abridged by excessive toil to produce a few useless baubles for the gratification of a horde of aristocratic and royal thieves in court and mansion—that hundreds of men should be necessitated to labour sixteen or eighteen hours a-day , in order that one man may have the splendours of furniture , equipage , and dress—that thousands of men should be obliged to plough the earth ,
to sow and reap , that one woman may have grand palaces , and a large establishment—that one class should have a thousand times more _house-accomodations than its members can occupy , a thousand times more land than they can cultivate , coats whieh they can never wear , meat and bread which they can never eat , aud furniture altogether unrequired ; while there are millions of another class who are completely landless , houseless , clothless , and foodless . And what enables the idle few thus to prey upon the vitals of the toilinj many ? The want of knowledge by the people . The people of England and Ireland are unhappily acquainted with suffering and want , and they have as unhappily been taught by a base and lying priesthood , to believe that God is the author of their privations—that he
mercifully cliastens his poor one on earth to prepare them for heaven . And millions of onr brethren believe this devilish device of the parsons . Now we require a counteracting influence to operate on the minds of our countrymen . I am glad to believe that we have many men , such as Barker , who are scattering these grey errors of old orthodoxy like chaff before the wind . And we have _Howitt exposing the villany and greedy _neediness of our vile state church clergy , and dissecting tbe Machiavellian aristocracy of England ; and we bave Reynolds laying bare the infernal monstrosity and horrible injustice of the system of aristocratical legislation under which we five ; and we have Kydd ably advocating the claims of labour , and familiarising the
minds of the people with great principles ; and we have T . Cooper powerfully aiding the good work of enlightenment ; and we have Julian Harney illuminating the minds of the mass on the Foreign questions , and enlisting the sympathies ofthe people in favour of the oppressed of every _elimi ; but tlie influence of onr friends is but limited , in consequence of the comparative few to whom they write . Their writings do not reach the great mass for whom they are intended . I believe that much mig ht be done by active young men , combining their brethren in their localities , forming committees for the express purpose of extending the sale of our Democratic Reviews , Journals , Instructors , Peoples , Progressionists , and Spirits . As democrats , we may well be ashamed
of the comparitively scanty number of our organs , and the poor circulation which they receive . We have to enlighten the minds of the people before we can hope for any permanent improvement in our condition , or _Tftfovm in out institutions . To enlighten the minds of the people we must have an enlarged number of organs , and an increased number of readers . Ignorance has forged the chains of slavery , and manacled tbe limbs of the people , but intelligence will snap them asunder , unlock the gyves of the _slavo , bid the oppressed go free , and light np the world with the ambient rays of liberty and truth . The rail and the mighty steam ship is bridging the vasty deed , bringing the ends oi the earth together , mind in contact with mind , patriot with patriot , extending wondrous influences for the good of humanity . And we must by means oi the press scatter millions of facts among the people—we must teach the cause of thsir suffering , and point out the remedy for the disease . If we can but succeed ih uprooting the infernal lies instilled in their minds by an hireling priesthood , we shall _Ta » _- ? e done sometiriog— _-nhma . we shaU bave ta ** . gb 1 the cause of their condition , we shall have done more—and when they shall see clearl y the reined * , to be applied , one part of the work will have beei done .
Carthagenian Ahtiauiries,--A Collection ...
Carthagenian _AHTiauiriEs ,--A collection of antique marbles , the most curious ever offered for sale not only in Liverpool , but in England , was brought to the hammer on Monday , at Messrs . Winstanleys " rooms . The collection embraced almos * every variety of antique sculpture ; but the most interesting of the entire collection were seven or eight stone tablets , from a Carthagenian sepulchre ; tbey were elaborately carved in bas relief , presenting figures in different attitudes , and surrounded by mythological ornaments , The whole of these valuable relics was bought by a gentleman from the British Museum ; the prices varied frgm £ 2 10 s to four guineas each . Several fragments of statues , presenting specimens of the most consummate art , were disposed of at prices considerably below their value , as were also most of the lots offered for sale . A splendid Winged Head of Mercury , for instance , was sold for a guinea . Mr . "Winstanley , in reference to a
couple of porphyry columns which formed part ofthe collection , said that being upwards of seven feet long they were too ponderous to admit of being removed . He should , therefore , proceed to offer them , on the presumption that ths parties present had seen them , at the dock warehouse , where they lay for public inspection . £ 230 had been refused for them since their arrival in this country ; he should , howevtr , put tbem np at - £ 100 . As there was no bid in advance made , they were withdrawn to be _eoli by private contract . There was one very singular lot , viz ., a long crow-bar , enclosed in a case _ofwoed , it was presumed to have been used by the workmen at the building ofthe temple , among the ruins of which it was found , tbe extent of tbe corrosion showing it to belong to a remote period of antiquity . It was remarked as a circumstance much to be regretted that these rare specimens were not secured by tbe people of Liverpool to form the nucleus of a museum in this town .
The Okgaxisation of Labour i . v _Mancuesteb . — A public meeting was held on Monday evening , to take into consideration the necessity of a general _organisation of labour in Manchester . Mr . Lindsay , a journeyman tailor , moved , and Mr . _Mclfaniara seconded a resolution condemning competition , as " unjnst in principle , immoral in its tendencies , and calculated to deprive the poor man ofa fair remuneration for his labour . " Mr . Lloyd Jones supported the resolution , and attacked Mr . Macaulay , charging him with various mis-statements concerning the working classes in his recently published history . The speaker compared the present state of the working classes , with their condition in the
reign or nenry TIL ; and concluded by regretting that in a time of such boasted civilisation as the present , the working men of England wero so degraded and oppressed . The resolution was carried unanimousl y . Another resolution -was carried _Dropping as a remed y for the existing evils , "the adoption ofa system of trade organisation on the co-operative system ; " and a plan was proposed whereby sueh a system mi ght be carried into effect in Manchester . Tbe meeting was alsoaddressed by M . V . St . Hilairc , who detailed the success of the co-operative system adopted by the working classes in Paris . Specimens ot the manufacture of a similar association in Salford , were produced by a Mr . Stork : after which the meeting terminated ,
Tub Times states that in 1813 , out of 5 , 000 loads of cotton sent down from Panwell to Bombay by an eminent firm , 2 , 000 were dropped on tbe road , and the remainder arrived too late for shipping ; while , in tlie same year , 20 , 000 loads wore left behind between one single market ofthe Nagpore district and the sea . _Bectoeship of Mabischal College , Aberdki *** . —Tne students are already astir regarding tbe election of Lord Rector . The names of four nominees bave been mentioned . —tbe Duke of Argyle , Sir Robert Peel , J . G . Lockhart , Esq ., and Thomas Carlyle .
The Condition 0*P England Question. (Con...
THE CONDITION 0 * P ENGLAND QUESTION . ( Condensed from the Morning _Clironicle . ) THE CLOTH-WORKe ' rToF SADDLEWORTH . The name of Saddlewovth is applied to a range of wild and hilly country , about seven miles long and five broad , lying on the western confines of Yorkshire , and including one spot from which a walk of ten minutes will carry the visitor across the boundaries of four counties , into Lancashire , Cheshire , Derbyshire , and Yorkshire . To all intents and purposes , however , Saddleworth lies in the latter county—its heathery hills and deep valleys dividing the woollen from the cotton cities , and being themselves peopled by a hardy , industrious , and primitive race , engaged in the manufacture of flannel and cloth—sometimes in mills , and sometimes by their own hearths , in which latter case the business of a " I" | "" I - „
dairy farmer is often added to that of a manufacturer , and the same hands ply the ' shuttlc and milk the cows . Saddleworth is now intersected by the Leeds and Huddersfield Railway , and , as a consequence , is beginning to lose much of those primitive characteristics for which it was long renowned . Until recently there was no regular means of transit from many of its valleys to the more open parts of the country . Goods were conveved by the Manchester and Huddersfield Canal ; and many a small manufacturer and comfortable farmer grew grey amid the hills , without having ever journeyed further than Oldham and Staleybridge on the one
hand , and perhaps Huddersfield , or at furthest Leeds upon the other . Tlie rail has , however , thrown open tho wilds of Saddleworth to the wo ' y ld . Mills , driven by water and steam , are rising , on every hand , and the old-fashioned domestic industry carried on in the field and the loom-shop is gradually dying away . I entered Yorkshire by way of Oldham . To some extent the domain of cotton seems to be invading that of wool , for , as my vehicle slowly toiled up the steep ascents ofthe many ribs which branch , from the " backbone of England , " the driver pointed out to me several old woollen-mills which are now cotton factories .
Saddleworth would appear to be the paradise of the manufacturing districts . After describing the general process of the woollen manufacture , and a visit to one ofthe mills , the writer reports what he witnessed in the homes ofthe workers . Without a single exception , I found them neat , warm , comfortable , and clean . They consisted almost universally of a common room , serving as parlour and kitchen , a soullery behind it , and two or more bed rooms up-stairs . The main rooms were , I think , as a general rule , larger than those I have lately been accustomed to see . The floors were stone flagged , nicely sanded . Samplers and pictures uniformly ornamented the walls , and the furniture was massive and old-fashioned ; the chairs
with rush bottoms and high well-polished backs . The characteristic feature of these cottages waa universal . It consisted of a sort of net stretched under the ceiling , and filled with crisp oat cakes . These formerly constituted almost the only bread consumed in tho district , but home-baked wheaten loaves are now coming into ' general use . Indeed almost every family in Saddleworth bakes its own bread and brews its own ale—a capital nutt y flavoured bererage it is . The composition of the oat cakes is however , held to require a peculiar genius , and when a matron gets a reputation in that way , she frequently bakes for half a village . At Saddleworth-fold , the houses are occupied by families who are at once- spinners , weavers , and
farmers . The hamlet was a curious irregular clump of old-fashioned houses , looking as if they had been flung accidentally together up and down a little group of knolls . Over the small latticed windows were carved _mullions of stone , and in a little garden grew a few box-wood trees , dipt into the quaint shapes which we associate with French and Dutch gardening . The man whose establishment we had come to see was a splendid specimen of humanity—tall , stalwart , with a gripe like a vice and a back as upright as a pump-bolt , although he was between seventy and eighty years of age . We entered the principal room of his house ; it was a chamber which a novelist would love to paint—so
thoroughly , yet comfortably , old-fashioned , with its nice-sanded floor , its great rough beams , hung with goodly flitches of bacon , its quaint latticed windows , its high mantel-piece , reaching _almost to the roof , over the roaring coal-fire , its ancient , yet strong and substantial furniture , the chest of drawers and cupboards of polished oak , and the chairs so low-seated and so high-backed , an old woman the wife of the proprietor , sat by the chimney-corner , with a grandchild in her lap . Her daughter was engaged in some household work beside her . In this room the whole family , journeymen and all , took their meals together . Porridge and milk was the usual breakfast . For dinner they bad potatoes and bacon , and sometimes beef , with
plenty of oat bread ; and for supper , " buttercake , " or porridge again . The old man had never travelled further than Derby . He had thought of going to London once , but his heart failed him and he . had given up the idea . He did not at all approve of line new-fangled mill-system , and liked the oldfashioned way of joining weaving and farming much better . He could just remember the building of the newest house in Saddleworth-fold . He thought the seasons bad somehow changed in Saddleworth , for snow never lay npon the ground as it used to do , and the scanty crops of oats here and there sown
did not ripen bo well . The daughter having in the meantime placed oat cake and milk before me , the patriarch observed that until he was twenty , he had never tasted wheaten bread , until his mother lay in . In the room above us were two or three looms , and as many spinning jennies . They produced flannel and doeskin . "Weaving and spinning formed the chief occupation of his family—they attended to the cows , of which he had four , and to the dairy , in their leisure time . He paid his sons no regular wages , but gave them board , lodging , and clothing , and " anything reasonable" if they wanted to go toa hunt or a fair or " sooch-loike . "
I may as well state here that the country weavers of Saddleworth are , like Nimrod , mighty hunters . Every third or fourth man keeps his beagle or his brace of beagles , and the gentlemen who subscribe to the district hunt pay tho taxes on the dogs . There are no foxes in Saddleworth—the country , indeed , is too bare for them to pick up a living ; but hares abound , and occasionally the people have " trail" hunts—the quarry being a hewing or a bit of rag dipped in oil dragged across the country by an active runner , with an hours' law . A few , but only a very few , pursue the sport on horsebackthe weavers , who form the great majority of the hunt , trusting to their own sound lungs and well strung sinews to keep within sight of the dogs .
Even the discipline of the mills is as yet in many instances insufficient to check this inherent passion for the cbase . My informant , himself a millowner , told me that he had recently arranged a hunt to try the mettle of some dogs from another part of Yorkshire against the native breed . He had tried to keep the matter a 3 quiet as he could , but it somehow leaked out , and the result was , that several mills were left standing and that five hundreds carders , slubbers , spinners , and weavers formed the field . The masters , however , are often too keen sportsmen themselves to grudge tbeir bands an occasional holiday of the sort . The Saddleworth weavers must be excellent fellows to run . A year or two ago , a gentleman , resident there , purchased
a fox at Huddersfield , and turned him loose at Upper Mill , a spot almost in tbe centre ofthe hills . There started on the trail upwards of 300 sportsmen on foot . Reynard led the chace nearly to Manchester , a distance of about twenty miles , and then doubled back almost tothe place where he was unbagged , favouring his pursuers with an additional score of miles ' amusement . Ofthe 300 starters , upwards of twenty-five were in at the death . My informant had reason to remember the chace , for it cost bim the bursting of a blood-vessel . In passing through the little village of Dubcross I observed a quaint tavern sign , illustrative of the ruling passion . On the board was inscribed _«• Hark to Bounty—hark . " . „ „ ,
From Upper Mill I proceeded to a village called Delph _, where there are only a very few mills , and round which is scattered a thick population of small farmers and hand-loom weavers . The cottages Ot many of these people are perched far up among the hills , on the very edge of the moors . As a general rule , the houses are inferior , both in construction and cleanliness , to those nearer the mills ; and l should say , although tho accounts I received were often most puzzlingly contradictory , and the run ot wages is decidedly lower . In several of the remote dwellings I found beds of no inviting appearance in the loom room ; and broken windows were often patched with old hats and dirty clothes . The handjenny innerswhen in employment , earn as
- sp , a pretty general rule , about 8 s . a week . The weavers , as I have said , may , and often do make 15 s . and 17 s . per week ; but , taking the year round , and thc good webs with the bad ones , 10 s . in many parts of Yorkshire would be too high an average . AS a _generate , the Saddleworth _pavers seem to be better off than those upon the lower grounds round Huddersfield and Halifax . __„ . _„„ iv Even in this favoured district tho compai tivcy prosperous and comfortable condition of the people is steadily on the decline . - The factory system bids fair to work all the evils in gaddlGWOrtll it has
worked in ether parts . On the hill-side above Delph , a weaver , a very intelligent man-much more so indeed than most of his class , for he had travelled much , and been twice in America—gave me some curious information . Re confirme d what the old man at Saddleworth-fold had stated , as to the non-iipcningoftheoats sown now-a-days , and spoke sensibly enoudi about machinery . Macninery _, " he said , " had been a great advantage to the weaver as long as it was pretty simple _andesneap , for then he could use it for his own behoof . His mother had told him that in her younger days the distaff was the only drawing implement in feadale .
The Condition 0*P England Question. (Con...
" _* _*•?* j ** - * cavu _' ' _3 " _*** as performed by the women JP ' _?/?*•* " instrument placed upon their knees , and the old fashioned wheel , with its single spindle , was the only spinning apparatus known . " Look , sir , " he continued , " at that yarn . It was stretched out by the road side to-day . In thoso days , it would have taken a dozen of people , with a dozen of wheels , more than a week to spin it . Now my mistress can make it with the hand- ' enny in two days ana a half , and a power mule " could spin it in a forenoon .- * He feared that it was but natural that the power mule would supplant the hand mule , just as tue hand mule had supplanted the spinning wheel . It was during the time that machinery was in thc medium state , when any industrious man could obtain it , that the weavers of Saddleworth flourished most . At one time he had paid a journeyman £ 35 a year besides his board , lodging , clothing , and washing , and thoy did not use . i £ those times , to
_woi'K more than five or six hours a day . Thoy were too often out following tlie _houni _' s . Now his average wages were not above ten shillings a week , _alvii- g could - _"Onetimes make nearer twenty shillings . Hia wife worked the hand-ienny , and could make , when in full work , about fifteen pence a day . Thirty years ago she could havo oasily earned eighteen shillings a week . He kept a cow , and paid seven pounds ten shillings of rent far the requisite land . His family consumed most of the dairy produce , selling very little . The ordinary price of buttermilk was about one penny for three quarts ; of blue , or skim-milk , one penny for threo pints ; and of new milk , about two-pence a quart . Milk of all kinds was sent down during tbo summer-time , in great quantities , by many of his neighbours , who kept donkeys to carry it , to Staleybridge , Oldham , and other cotton towns , where the factovy hands consumed it as fast as it could be sent in
. Comfort sueh as thi 3 must , however , by no mcyis be taken as the rulo . The weavers in tho upland districts who have farms , and those in the lower grounds who , although they possess no land , have got advantages ofa particulaar class from the vicinity of tho country mills—these two classes are generall y decently off , and live wholesome and tolerably agreeable lives . But there are districts , principally in the neighbourhood of tho large towns , where competition keeps the wages miserably loir , and where hard labour brings in but a havd and scanty subsistence . From the letters of tho Metropolitan Commissioners we continue tho account of
THE FEMALE SLOI WORKERS OF LONDON . The next party I visited was one who worked at waistcoats , and here I found the keenest misery of all . The house was unlike any that 1 had seen in the same trade ; all was scrupulousl y clean and neat . The old brass fender was as bright as gold and worn with continued rubbing . The grate in which there was barel y a handful of coals , had been newly black-leaded , and . there was not a cindor littering the hearth . Indeed , everything in the place evinced the greatest order and cleanliness . Nor was tho suffering self-evident . On the contrary , a stranger , at first sight , would have believed the occupant to have been rather well to-do in the world . A few minutes conversation with tho poor
creature , however , soon told you that the neatness was partly the effect of habits acquired in domestic service , and partly the result of a struggle to hide her extreme poverty from the world . Hor story was the most pathetic of all I had yet heard : " I work for a slop-house—waistcoat work . " She said— " I don't make sleeve waistcoats , but body waistcoats , and thc lowest price I get is id . ; I have have " em as high as Is . 3 d . I take the run , such as they have got to give me—sometimes one thing and sometimes another in the waistcoat way . Some had better work than others , but my eyesi ght won ' t admit of my doing the best work . Some waistcoats are as much as Is . 9 d ., some 2 s . I have worked twenty-six years at the same warehouse . The
general price for the waistcoats I have now is 6 d ., 8 d ., and lOd . I can make one a day sometimes , and sometimes three in two davs , just as it happens , for my health is very bad . Sometimes I don't _enm more than 2 s . 6 d . a week , and sometimes I have earned 3 s . 6 d . and 4 s . That ' s tho most I have earned for this several years . I must work very close from about nine in the morning to eleven at night to earn that . Prices have come down very much indeed since I first worked for tho warehouse —very much . The prices when I was first employed there was as much as Is . 9 d . for what I now get Is . Id . for . Every week they have reduced something within these last few years . Work ' s falling very much . The work has not riz , no I never
since I worked at it . It ' s lower'd , but it ' s not riz . The masters seem to say that the work is lowered to them—that they can't afford to pay a better price , or else they would . The parties for whom I work lay it to the large slop houses . They say its through them that the work has lowered so . I find it very difficult to get sufficient to nourish me out of my work . I can't havo what I ought to have . I think my illness at present is from overexertion . I want more air than lean get . lam wholly dependent on myself for my living , and never made more than 4 s . a week . Several times I have had my work thrown back upon my hands , and that has perhaps made xne ill , so that I've not been able to do anything . I am obliged to work long and
always—sick or well—I must do it for my living to make any appearance at all . My sight is very bad now from over-work , and perhaps other difficulties as well—I suffer so bad with my head . My greatest earnings are 4 s . per week , my lowest 2 s . 0 d ., and I generally average about 3 s . Many weeks I have been wholly without working—not able to do it . Young _oeople that have got good health and good work might , perhaps , earn moro than I do ; but at the common work I should think they can't make more than I can . I never was married . I went out to service when I was younger , and to waistcoating after quitting service , so that I might be at home with mother and father , nnd take care of them in their old age . I rent the house . It ' s where I
buried mother and father from ; and as such , I ' ve kept it on since they ' ve been dead . I let tho two rooms , but I don ' t gain anything by it . I stand at about lOd . a week rent when I live in the top room and let the others ; but sometimes its empty , and 'I lose by _itl Some time ago , too , a party ran away , and left £ 3 10 s . in my debt . That nearly ruined me . I ' ve not got the better ofit yet . I ' ve been very short—very short , indeed , sir ; in want of common necessaries to keep my strength and life together . I don't find what I get by my labour sufficient to keep me . I ' ve no money anywhere , not a farthing in the house ; yes , I tell a story , I ' ve got a penny . If I were to be taken ill I don ' t know what I should do . But I should be obliged to do as I ' ve often done before . The Almighty is my only support . For my old age there is nothing but the workhouse . After six-and-twenty years hard work
I ' ve not a penny to the fore—nothing to depend upon for an hour . If I could have saved , I should have been very glad to have done so . Take one week with another , I have earned 3 s ., and that has been barely sufficient to keep me . I ' ve sold several things to make up , when I ' ve come short . The things here belonged to father and mother , I ' sold a great many that they left me . Many people who follow the same business I think are worse off , if anything , than I am ; because I ' ve got a home , and I strive to keep it together , and tliey ' ve not . " It seemed difficult to believe that there could be found women suffering more keenly than this poor creature , * and yet the gentleman who had kindly undertaken to introduce me to tbe better class of workpeople in the trade , led me to a young woman , almost lady-like in her appearance and manners , from whom I gathered the following pitiable tale : —
She works at waistcoat business ; at the best kind of work . Gets lOd . each waistcoat , sometimes 8 d ., and sometimes Cd . ( some she has heard of being as low as 21 d . ) . There are sh llin < r ones , but there ' s a great deal of work in them , Black satin waistcoats are 10 d ., stitched all round ; and out of the lOd . trimmings are to be found . The trimmings for each waistcoat cost Id ., sometimes lid ., and occasionally 2 d . " Those I am making now at 10 d ., " she said , " have a quantity of work in them . They would take mo the whole day , even if I was well enough to sit so long at ' em . Besides this , there ' s half a day lost each time you take , your work in . And sometimes every other day—and often every day—they'll drag you up to the warehouse for the
little bit of work . They give out four at a time mostly . We have to give housekeepers security for £ 5 before we can get work . Some weeks I don't do more than four . Some weeks I don ' t do that . Last week I had a hard matter to do four , but then I wasn ' t well . When I was apprentice wc used to have 5 s . for making thc very same as those that I new get lOd . for . At 2 s . a piece one might live , but as it is now , lam starving ; if it wasn't for my friends hel ping me a little , I don't know what would become of me , I ' m sure . Frequently the work is returned upon our hands , and recently I have had 9 s . to pay out of my earnings for some waistcoats that were sent back to me because thoy were kept out too long . Tliey were kept out longer than tliey should havo been , because I was ill ; I wasn't able to make them . I sat up in my bed , ill as I was , and basted tbem myself , and then a girl
that 1 got aid what sho could to thorn , and finished tliem ; but owing to tho delay tho foreman grew spiteful and returned them on my hands . I have been suffering for this ever since , and I couldn't-subsist upou what I get now , where it not for some kind friends , l ' vo got a spirit , and wouldn ' t like to be under an obligation , but I am forced to live as I do . Whilo I was ill my rent went back , and I ' ve left part of my things where I was living before I came hero , because I couldn ' t pay up what I owed for my lodging . There ia my doctor ' s bill to be paid—for I hav ' nt paid it yet , and I have been obliged to get rid of tho waistcoats that were returned to me ; I sold them for a trifle , as 1 could , with the exception of one that I ' ve pledged . I got Is . upon that , and I sold the oihers at Is . 6 d . each , though they charged me at the shop 3 s . 3 d . a piece for them . I was glad to get rid of them anyhow , just then .
The Condition 0*P England Question. (Con...
! . "The waistcoats that they pay a- mm ? for to Have made like jackets—they have _sleeveB-and flao 8 to- pockets liko coats . I don't know whaiithey are like . It would take any ono two _days-to- make them . It takes me two days . M y average-earnin gs are- fi * _om-3 s . to 4 s . a week , and out of that _frhavc to pay 2 s . for the waistcoats returned on my Hands and about Gd . for trimmings , per week , leaving mo about Is . 6 d . to live upon . Some persons say they can _Gftrn at waistcoating 14 s . to 15 s . per _weekj . and they tell the master so ; but then they bave people to help them—girls who probably pay them ? something to learn the business , or who are very young , _andliave about Is . per week for doing the-inferior pftrts . I don't know why the prices are so low . 1 havo found prices continually going down since 1 came from the west end of the town . ' I never know an advance . If they took off 2 d . or Id . I never
heard of their putting it on again . The prices have fallen more within the last two or three yearsmuch more than they ever did before . I don't think they can get very much lower . If they do , persons must starve . It is almost as bad as the workhouse now . I was apprenticed to the waistcoating at the west-end , and was paid a little different then . 1 could earn 15 s . a-week at that timo . The business has materially injured my health ; yes , that it has . My eyesight and health have both suffered from it . It has produced general debility ; the doctor says it ' s sitting so long in the house . Sometimes all night I used to sit up to work . I ' ve known many people that have had strong constitutions , and after they ' ve worked at it many years they ' ve gone like I have . There ave persons who get even lower prices than I do — Oh , yes , sir , a great deal lower ; some I know get threepence , and even fourpence for a waistcoat . "
I asked whether she kept any account of her earnings , and she immediately produced the book in which her work was entered b y her employers . On one side wars a statement of the work given out to her , and on the other that ofthe work brought home , together with the price paid foi * it , and the amount deducted from the earnings for the waistcoats which had been returned upon the poor girl ' s hands . The following is the account of the prices paid to , and the sums received by , the waisteoat maker : — Four vesta returned , 0 a . to pay . Sept . 12 . FouratlOd 3 * 4 „ 13 . One at lOd .. 0 10 4 2 To pay for waistcoats returned . . .. 20
Paid 2 2 bept . 28 . Five at lOd 4 2 To pay for waistcoats returned .. 20 Paid 2 ~~ 2 Oct 10 . Two at Is 2 0 „ 17 . Three at Cd . .. .. .. 16 „ 18 . One at Is . 1 < j
4 6 To pay for waistcoats returned .. .. 16 Paid i ~ 0 Oct 22 . Four 3 2 „ 20 . TwoatlOd . 18 Ho To pay for waistcoats returned .. .. 16 Paid 3 ~ 1 Oct 30 . Three at lOd 2 C „ 31 . One at lOd 0 10 3 4 To pay for waistcoats returned .. .. 10
Paid 2 4 Total receipts from September 13 th to October 31 st ( seven weeks ) , 13 s ., averaging Is . 10 id . per week . ( To ia Continued . )
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The Adelphi.1 U *\J Y P Recious Betsy " ...
THE ADELPHI . _1 u _*\ j y p recious Betsy " is tlie title of a " new and Driginal farce produced here on Monday night last . It was full of the broad humour and pantomimic fun which usually enters so largely into the composition of _Adel-dii pieces , Mr . _ Wright was to be seen now dancing about the stage in postures not unlike those assumed by certain wooden toys made to jerk by means of mysterious strings pulled up and down , greatly to tbe delight of their possessors , and now " bonnetting" Mr . Paul Bedford with a band-box , or whatever else came to hand . Messrs , Wright and Bedford ' s object being to amuse tbe audience , and most of those present seeming to be highly gratified , it must be allowed that "My Precious Betsy" was successful .
THE OLYMPIC . A tragedy , in three acts , entitled ' * The Noble Heart , " by Mr , G , H , L . ewesf was produced , for the first time in London , on Monday night last at this theatre , with complete success . The scene is laid in Spain , during the period of the wars with the Moors . Don . Gomez de la Vega , a Spanish noble ofthe highest class , and one cf the . most valiant warriors in support of themonarchy , has received some injuries from the sovereign , " in consequence of which he refuses to obey the royal summons to take the field in the approaching campaign , but sends his son , Don Leon , a gallant young knight , to join the army at the head of his vassals . Leon loves Joanna , the daughter of a merchant , nnd in the character of an adventurer of humble rank has
obtained from her a return of affection . Before his departure the lovers meet and exchange vows of constancy . Don Gomez , having accidentally seen this young lady , becomes , notwithstanding his age , passionately enamoured of her . He discovers her family aiid residence , and , notwithstanding his pride of birth , resolves to offer his hand in honourable marriage to ( he daughter of the obscure merchant . Reinaldos , the merchant , is ruined by commercial calamities , and is about to be torn from bis daughter ' s arms by officers of the law , when Don Gomez comes to urge his suit . The usual consequence of this stage situation ensues ; Joanna , after a struggle with her feelings , sacrifices herself on tbe altar of filial duty by accepting the hand of her rich and powerful
lover . The marriage takes place , and the ceremony is hardly concluded when Leon returns from the army , where he has won honour and renown . Scenes of passion , such as might be expected , take place , till at length the old man , who at first has given way to paroxysms of fury against the supposed treacherous pair , discovers the truth—that his son has long loved Joanna , and that she has sacrificed her love to save her father from destruction . His noble nature gains the ascendancy ; his tenderness revives ; he resolves to sacrifice his own happiness to theirs , by obtaining a dispensation annulling his own marriage , and to seek consolation for his bereavement in the tranquillity of the cloister . —Mrs . Mowatt ' _s Joanna
was a charming piece of acting ; truly feminine , full of tenderness and often highly impassioned . Mr . Davenport looked the youthful knight extremely well , and performed the part with manliness and feeling . Mr . Brooke , as Don Gomez , was often excellent , especially in the softer passages : bnt , in the scenes of strong passion , his violence was extravagant , and his declamation frequently to the last degree harsh and grating . This last besetting sin , we conceive , he might avoid , for the tones of his voice , when not overstrained , ave far from unmusical . The reception of the play was most favourable ; the applause was constant during the performance , and its close was followed by all the usual marks of _approbation .- . . .
Surrey Theatre. On Monday Night Last A N...
SURREY THEATRE . On Monday night last a new five-act play , by Mr . Chorley , entitled " Old Love and New Fortune . " waB produced at this theatve . It is written with U'ue poetic fervour , and has many scenes of extreme beauty , although it must be confessed that the story is worked out by a series of dialogues rather than by any continuity of action . At the fall of the curtain tbe principal performers were called for , and a loud demand was made for the author , but he did not come forward
Royal Polytechnic Institution. Sir John ...
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION . Sir John Franklin . —Mr . Stothard , F . N . S ., medal engraver to the Queen , has just completed a most spirited medal of the above named distinguished individual . It has been engraved from a medallion , by M . David , in tbe possession of Lady Franklin , and is tbe same size of the celebrated Kirk series , and forms the fifth of tlie Royal Polytechnic series , which is now in the course of publication by the artist in the establishment . Doubtless , many who take au interest in the fate of this talented oHicer , feel some desire to be possessed of this portrait ; and if anything is likely to add tothe desire , it is pei'hap * the fact of viewing that portrait produced . _i'his . however , is one of the many advantages which the Polytechnic confers upon its visitors . The likeness has been pronounced , by numerous individuals well acquainted with this distinguished naval officer , most excellent .
Mr. Josbph Hambro, Head Of An Extensive ...
Mr . Josbph Hambro , head of an extensive banking houso of London , who lately died , left by-his win 100 , 000 vix dollars ( 570 , 000 f . ) to the city of Copenhagen , his native place , for the establishment ot charitable institutions , but subject to tho condition that his sop , Mr . Charles llambro--at P _*™ chief of thc bank , should enjoy the interest of the capital during his life . Mr . Charles Hambro , a short timo ago , proposed to the municipality of Copenhagen to give up the lifo interest provided hat i would undertake to build two baths and washhouses for the poor , as in England . The municipality has just accopted thc generous offer .
Ar00317
Talhabth—The Lips Of Talkers Will Be Tel...
TALHaBth—The lips of talkers will be telling such things as- pertain not unto them ; but the words of such _as-have understanding are weighed in the balance . Th * heart of fools is in their mouth , but the tongue of the wise is in their heart . A . v _TTNE 1 . 1 JASAHT _Sehsatios . —If some men could come out off their graves and read the inscriptions f _^ rX _. V ton * ° nes , they would think they had got into the wrong graves , - _cv _! . , _^ , _!? r , _* - _**** . _* -ThciVb !(; Yorh _AFirror _« r _* w al _' _- Fl-ederi ka Bremer we can only InL SS " Personall y , rather stout , rather _sv & _ssrjsru & _tsas _^ - sonally mixed his _mother-tonirue with a _rmi-mAi
tho dead _langango It thus chanced , as ono day he was reading aloud to his master , that he astounded him by the translation , ' vir , a man ; gin , a tran vir gin , a man-trap . " "You young rogue , " ex _^ claimed tho pedagogue , " your father has been helping you with your lesson . " _, Spartan _Btiack Broth . —Mi * . "VY . C . Trevelyan ; remarks in Notes and Queries , concerning the old Lacedemonian black broth : " It has occurred to mo that it was probable that it was the same black . broth which is now cooked in Greece , where I have oaten of it , and found it very good , although it looked as if a bottle of ink had been poured into the 'mess . Tho dish is composed of small cuttle-fish ( with their ink-bags ) boiled with rice and other vegetables . ' * A LiK . —IIe who tells a lie is not sensible how great a task he undertakes , for he must be forced to invent twenty more to maintain that one .
_Seasonaeox . —Bury berries ; be chary of cherries ; suspend the currency of currants ; appease your hunger without peas ; do not buy shell-fish of those who aro selfish enough to sell fish ; don ' t bo among those who , at night , are out in tlie night air ; and drink from the well if you wish to be among the well . Well!—Springfield Republican . The most uncommon quality in nature is styled " common sense ; " a paper half a milo long is a "brief ; " and a melancholy ditty , devoid of sense or moaning , is a ** glee . " 0 Pound J Poland . '—Tes there was a time when the friends of liberty might flatter themselves with hope , that not the General of the Poles , but the despot of Prussia ( for it is now no longer treason . to speak of him as he deserves , ) would have felt the galling of chains . But , alas ! the gold of Britain enabled him to hold out till the Russian _barbarians were ready to take tho field . —From the Tribune of
1798 . The Lav or a Lost _Bacheior . —A poor American bachelor , having rashly sacrificed himself on tho altar of Hymen , exclaims : — Oh ! when I think of what I ar _, And what I used to was , I find I ' ve flung myself away "Without sufficient cos . Snow as it falls ,- is twenty-four times lighter than water , which may bo proved by melting twenty-four measures of snow , and they will be found to produce but one of water . An inconstant woman is one who is no longer in love ; a false woman is one who is already in love with another person ; a fickle woman is she who neither knows whom she loves , nor whether she loves or no ; and the indifferent woman one who does not love at all .
Trust him little who praises all , - him less wlio censures all ; and him least who is indifferent about all . —Lavater . "I wish , " says Lord Bacon , "every man knew as much law as would enable him to keep himself out of it . " - To give tone to tho stomach—get it lined with bell metal . Tub ancients were of opinion that Echo was a maiden who had pined away for love , till nothing but her voice was left . Coquettes . — -When the general attention toward * coquettes grows languid , they will regain it by often flirting out or in , or not staying so long in a place as to tire their company . Many persons among tho gentry have such a taste for foreign diversions that they think not tolerably of those of their own country however preferable .
Soutiiet on thk Dkvil . — Ybu ask me why the devil rides on horseback ? The prince of darkness is a gentleman , and that would be reason enough ; but , moreover , the history doth aver , and that he came on horseback for the old woman , and rode before her , and that the colour ofthe horse was black . Should I falsify the history , and make Appollyon a pedestrian ? Besides , Grosvenor , Appollyon . is cloven-footed ; and I humbly conceive that a biped —and I never understood his dark majesty to -be otherwise—that a biped , I say , _would-wiillccluhisily upon cloven feet . Neither bath Apollybh wings , according to thc best representations * and , indeed , how should he ? For were they of leathers like the angels' they would be burned in the everlasting
fire ; and were they of leather , like the bat ' s , they would be shrivelled . I conclude , therefore , that wings ho hatli . not . Yet * do we find , from sundrv _reputable authors and divers histories , that Im _transported himself from place to place with exceeding rapidity . A ow , as ho cannot walk fast or fly , he must have some conveyance . Stage-coaches to the infernal regions there are none , though the road be much frequented . Balloons would burst at setting out , the air would be so rarified with tho heat ; but horses he may have of a particular breed . — Southey ' s Life and Correspondence , A glass of soda water was offered tho other day to an Irishman , who rejected it with the greatest
indignation . «* Do you think I am a Salamander , " said he , " to drink water oiling hot ?" Dumxa a consultation of physicians , on the character of a Bacchanalian patient , how to cure his fever , and abate his thirst , the sick man observed , " Gentlemen , if you will cure the fever , I will take half the trouble off your hands , and abate the thirst myself . " ' _-. _.-: The editor of the Methuen Gazette make the following sweeping assertion : — " What ? a man , and never in love I Paha ! Sucb a man nmst have a heart of ice , a soul as lifeless as a corn cob , the gizzard ofa goose , and a head as sappy as v cocoa nut . "
Tub Washington correspondent of the New York Evening Post remarks on tne largeness of the members' heads in the House of Representatives , while the Boston Chronotype thinks them less remarkable for largeness than for thickness . Some would be thought to do great things , who are but tools and instruments ; like tbe fool who fancied he played upon the organ , when he only blew the bellows . Two Irishmen meeting one day , one of them inquired of the other if he had seen his friend Pat Murphy lately , for , said he , he has grown so thin you would not know him at all . Tou aro thin , and I am thin , but , by tho powers , he is thinner tlian both of ns together .
Poison _Pboop . —Died lately in the Henby Churchyard Almshouses , Sarah Chance , who , to assuage _p- » ins from sore legs , took since January , 1 S 38 , fifty-one gallors , two pints , and five ounces of laudanum , which cost her £ 110 8 s . 4 d . : Quick Passage . —The clipper lleindeer , Enrighfc , arrived in the Mersey last week from China , with a cargo of tea , hc „ after having been absent only eight months . A ConRBsroNDBNT , who signs himself VAn Australian , " says that tho Lea from Plymouth , with immigrants , made tho passage out to Sydney in eighty-four days , tho quickest passage since 1841 .
He who in the same given time can produce more than many others , has vigour . He who can produce more and better , has talents . He who can produce what none else can , has genius . Tue C izcttc des Partes says "It is quite certain that tht Emperor of Bussia will undertake in the spring his great expedition against Turkey . All the Greeks in Balkan are ready to join him . " Flowers of Rhetoric in sermons or serious discourses are liko the blue aud red flowers in corn , pleasing to thoso who como only for amusement , bub prejudicial to him who would reap the profit . "I AM INCLINED TO BO SO AND SO . " People frequently uso this expression , not considering that ; they then are speaking the most literal of all truths . Dr . Franklin , talking of a friond of his who had been a Manchester dealer , said , " That he never sold a piece of tape narrower than his own mind . that bo
There is a man at Gravesend so moan wishes his landlord to reduce the price of his board because he has had two of his teeth extracted . A fop , just returned to Eng land from a continental tour , was asked how he liked tho ruins ; of rompeii , " Not very well /; was the reply ; they are so dreadfully out of repair !" A writer from the continent says- " People who expect anv peace and quietness in Europe , during tho remaining half-century , are merely raining a temporary rest to bo startled out of then * sleep by a storm . " „ ., ' .. " Illustrated with cuts , " said a young urchin , as he _drciY bis jack-knife across tbe leaves of his spelling book . Which _thavels fastest , seat on cold?—Heat does ; because you can catch cold . Wht is an Infant like a Diamond ?—Because it is a dear little thing .
THB POET . The Poet's eye , in a fine frenzy rolling , Doth glance from Heav ' n to earth from earth to Heav ' n ; And as Imagination bodies forth , The form of things unknown , the Poet ' s pen Turns them to shape , and g ives to airy nothing A local habitation and a name . —Shakspere . ; Queek Anne ' s Bounty . —The total of . sums received by the Governors of Queen Anne ' s Bounty during the vear ending December , IS * * "> vas £ 183 , ' 934 is . id . The total amount disbursed was £ 178 , 707 1-A 8 . Gd ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 23, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_23021850/page/3/
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