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TO THE PEOPLE
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jlY Friends,—I shall be absent from Lond...
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I /I JLudrrff^**-^ e ^7l|^ 1 ^ A ^^' s %...
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A \TT\ TWT A mTAlT i -r* mT\ ^fiPl k-^^^...
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1-jniP. 679. LONDON, SATURDAY, OCT0BERi6...
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THE LAND. Within the last week Ihave rec...
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i Mil : S-YMPAEEr^-15^H-HUNGABY"ANEr POL...
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. W|. ST RIDING;DELEGATE MEETING. " . ;¦...
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. , 7 ^ WjN^^^^S^riftiSi^X; 0rbiirWi * ;
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. The October ' session ;0f .tfieabovoKQ...
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Yarmouth.—A public meetinsr, convene:! b...
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< "^ 'y^' ^y^K yZwm i! 7
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
To The People
TO THE PEOPLE
Jly Friends,—I Shall Be Absent From Lond...
_jlY Friends , —I shall be absent from London for ten days or a fortnight ; and , _therefor those who address letters tome cannot ex pect any answers to their letters till my retu £ i . However , I shall write the state of foreign afiairs for the Northern Star . _YourfaituMFriend _, Eeargus 0 'Coxnob . " United , you stand-Divided , you fall . TO THE WOBKING * CLASSES .
jfr _Fktesds , — I hare never offered the _slightest personal antagonism to any Chartist _^ bo honestly and fairly advocates , propounds , and supports your principles ; but , as I have often told yon , that men agreeing in principles may diner as to the means of _accomplishing those principles , I again appeal to yon as to the propriety , the prudence , and discretion of _holdiigaXational Conference in Manchester , at the time proposed hy the veteran Chartists of that town—namely , _: <) h ; the firstof -January .
l _ind _tiurtrfs ; largef _^ oritylof delegates , _tsIo lately _^^ mbled fin _^ _theTWest Ridm _^^ of Yorkshire , have _ dis € _entedrfcim my proposition , _-n-hile tbey famishns _TOtlifnof , av _^ lable oi * _snbs _^ _fidreasoa & rdoing BO . _' TKeyfiay , in one 0 f their resolutions _^ - - _= - Seeing that the Yorkshire an _* a : Lancashire delegate _jneeting lately held at He"bdea- * bri 3 ge , ianctione-l the _election ofthe present Executive , ive _considet thatit would be 3 stultification of the decision of that _fmeeting for the -nlaees represented therein , to acfiwder , the dictation of
Buy other party , rata they _shaH _"haVefgajier _reagaed tte trust imposed in them , or shall fia _^^ Bn _^ deposeil hy the general consent _oftheghartist hody : _^ _T > Now , in answer to the above , I heg to state _thaiitisiatlier my ; desire , _intoitipn _^ nor wish _fliat'Sie present Executive should hedeposedj but that my object is , that the universal mind of the country suould ~ l > e _moused" from its present apathy , and that the real principles of Chartism , and the mode of carrying them out , should be well digested , and fairly _communifcaied lo all its advocates' ;
Again j the delegates declare-Thatassoon ' as the circumstances " will admit , a , _continent fund _shaU be raised for the purposes of defending the _Sriseners and maintaining their _^& milies , during times of _priuihaTpersecurion . ; ; 77 ' * This is a resolution which should particu-• _larly please me as , for many years , I have been tiie . pecuniary -rictim , -who has been compelled . to do a nation ' s _; work . ; hut , in answer to it , I . would state that my object in holding iihis-Conference i 6 _* t » -prevent any such physical . ant § gpnism _, as , _jvpuld require funds legally ito ; _prbiwtthbse \ ; alledofienders , 3 Iyobjectisto mafcethe voice of knowledge silence the cannon ' s jcoar , and destroy legal party persecution . I do
not like to see such an anticipation propounded , ihat our agitation for our just rights should . again lead to the developementof the tyrant ' s legal power . Physical revolution is humbug and nonsense ; moral revolution is sound common sense : and , as I have often told you , if you work for a month as I have "worked for jhizty years , your objects would he achieved , yonr order would he elevated , and your oppressors would be subdued . * I have read Mr . Joxes ' s tour , not only with pleasure _^ ' and satisfaction , but with delight ; while at the same time as men agree to " di _* fier , j must dissent from the terms in which he disapproves ofthis Conference . He savs : —
. Moreover , manv of those places which returned delegates to " the Convention and Assembly of _ISJS , have no political" existence , as memhers of the Association ; neither council , committee , nor memhers are now to he found ; therefore , the machinery is failing whereby they _wodd . _tejenabled to send delegates to the Conference ; _£ n 3 _aithougn the people are beginning at last to awaken from tiieir . lethargy , aud the spirit of democracy is once jaore beginning to show itself , _Iioaintain it has not yet _t-nffiriendy ripened to canse the people spontaneously to pome forward fbr the formation or support of the iutended jneashre _? . . . Trade is still too brisk , the pnblic mind is not _yjetsuSdentt yprepared , pnblic attention is noi yet . suffidHnuy / om _« 4 in short—il is not yet time .
- 2 fow , if I spent months in reflection , could I . gi y e ypu .: a stronger proof . . of the _^ _ngcessity of reorganising the mind which has become jo apathetic & Mr . _Jon"es tells you , that those who werefmost active in 1848 are now most kpatii _^ _aeprar id- ' - _"flfifc one reason for their apaihy _" i _£ b _^ aiise . TUADE IS GOOD . Have I not often told you , that the nsual cry is , " We are very well ofi _" _, let ns alone I" and when trade gets had , the cry is , " Nowwe are ready , lead us on to death or glory ?" And therefore my object is to make use of that time when the mind cannot he roused to
folly ? and madness , hut when it can he directed by sound sense and wisdom . And what I desire to do now , while the mind of the country is becoming more lively and energetic , is to develope it to the government and the apathetic of your order . I can hardly reconcile the fact , that the men wlio were most energetic in 1848 , and are now the most apathetic , are again beginning to open their eyes ; and if they are beginning to do this , this is the fit and proper time to make them understand the improved mind and feeling of the countrv .
Again , Mr . _Joxes tells you , that if you postpone the Conference till May or June , vou may produce an effect which you cannot produce now . Why , May and June , the middle of summer , is just the very time when it would he most _difficult to induce working men to g ive up their p leasure . Moreover , Parliament will then have sat four months ; while my object is , that the wise and discreet month before
acts cf that Conference , held a Parliament meets , should impress your rulers with snch a conviction , as would lead them out of the path of error , and into the road of truth . Moreover , in May the great Exhibition which is to take place , aud to last for three months , would completely divert the minds of the working classes , and those most capable of representing them in the Conference .
Again , Air . Joxes says : — At that time , _abwe all others , it would he necessary for a Conference to assemble ; not at the opening ofthe session , ir , indeed , as at present proposed , actually a month Uforeits opening—bnt when tbe boliowness of party _proves , aud the treachery of Whig statesmen , shall have raised the indignation of tlie people ; and when it is rccuisite for the people effectually and authoritatively to protest _a-amst the delusive measures of then : rulers , and iV democracy to assume that proud , prominent , and . _teciavelK _> si « on , which a / . _0 I , and /« trrepresentation ofthe national mind , through the means ofa Convention , can cJnnp enable it to do .
_2-Tonv , how can any man imagine that the _tisual Parliamentary tyranny , practiced for the last eighteen years by the Eeformed Parliament , can have su ch wonderful and electrical effect upon that mind which has always tamely submitted to its dictation ? Surely , before Parliament meets , is the proper time to developcthe united mind of the kingdom , and for tbe people to instruct their rulers as to the course it is their intention to pursue if Government should still persist in upholding its tyranny and subduing tbeir power . Again , Mr . Jokes sa \ s -
Ihave _EowTiaic-a most of tlie principal towns of England and Scotland , and _idahily perceive ihat they are not iu a position to support a _National Conference , nor sufiiotmly aroused yet to act on the suggestion of holdill _* . ' cue . Surely , if good trade is the reason why the people are now satisfied , and that bad trade trill nrge their minds on still further it is rather a , curious thing that the people in the principal towns of England and Scotland in these times of good trade , are not capable of paying for delegates , tliat they should be so _tvheu trade gets bad .
My friends , I anticipate the most beneficial result from the Conference , which I propose _should be held in Manchester , and which the men of Manchester aud a , great majority of the country approve of . All parties in the House of Commons are now divided into sections , each contending for such laws as will be best suited to elevate their order . Jn consequence of the present state of Ireland , which as every Minister has stated , is England ' greatest difficulty , the _"VVhi _gs will hte that 'SS ? _" utcll-tllcI » fiQ trafficking lickspittles _HPon whose support they have so long relied .
Jly Friends,—I Shall Be Absent From Lond...
The Pope and the Irish bishops and archbishops are now endeavouring to establish a system in this country , which yon may rest assured will create a violent foreign convulsion ; and as I have frequentl y told you , the state of other countries has greater effect upon England than the state of England has upon itself , I wish to prepare you for the coming struggle . In conclusion , - let me tell you that . there is no man _jm-whose ; integrity , intellect , honour _md ' a pili _^ . _l _^ that _^^ rnesx _^ _wibS _^ a _^ _llb _^ tnere is' no _mim * for _^ hbm _^ personal
reg _^ _idiahd _^ affection ; while , at the same time , " a _& eriS _^ iirty years of experience , . the antagonism I have had to contend against , " the persecution I have endured , and the tens of thousands of > ppunds I have expended in your cause , both y ou and our young , talented , energetic , arid persecuted friend , Eunest Jones , will admit that I am not only justified , but bound to express my own political sentiments freely andindependently ; and nothing will give ine greater pleasure , and , 1 am sure , nothing would render you greater service , than that Ernest Jones should be one of your representatives at that Conference .
My friends , for the reasons that I have stated , and for other reasons which I dare not publish , but which I shall be very glad to state to the Conference ; and assuring you that I neither do , nor will , offer the slightest antagonism , or opposition to the present Executive , I implore of you unanimously to agree to the Manchester Conference , and to make the necessary preparations to elect your delegates ; and let them be sound , sensible , honest , and honourable Chartists . I remain , Tour faithful Friend and Advocate , Feaegus O'Connok .
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1-Jnip. 679. London, Saturday, Oct0beri6...
_1-jniP . 679 . LONDON , SATURDAY , OCT 0 BERi 6 , 185 fe 77 _'l-z _^^^/ m _^ ss _^
The Land. Within The Last Week Ihave Rec...
THE LAND . Within the last week Ihave received several applications from members of the Land Company , requesting me to refund the amount they have paid . One alone threatens to sue me in the County Court , if I do not refund his money ; and my answer to one and all is , that preparations are now being made to windup the affairs ofthe Company , and , as soon as that is completed , every member will be fairly dealt with ; whilst I also state , that any man who seeks to recover his money before the Company is legally wound-up , SHALL NOT
RECEIVE A FRACTION . The Chief Baeon of the Exchequer , in _Bbadshaw ' s action against Me , stated that the whole property was mine , and that no man could sue me , or -was entitled to receive what he had paid into the Company ; and although other men would most gladly avail themselves of such a judicial decision , yet it is my pride and pleasure to state , that I would rather starve , than appropriate a farthing oftheir money to my own use . I trust that the several parties who have written to me will receive this as a general answer . Feaegus _O'Coxnoe .
I Mil : S-Ympaeer^-15^H-Hungaby"Aner Pol...
i Mil : _S-YMPAEEr _^ _-15 _^ _H-HUNGABY"ANEr POLAND . A pnblic meeting was *** held , on Monday evening at the large room , Cowper-street , City-road , to hear a _Igclure upon the above subject from Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., M . P . Shortly after eight o ' clock , the room , being about three-parts full , _TMx . O'Connor ' made his appearance , and was received'With * deafening acclamations . In the absence of Henry Vincent , who had been announced to preside , Thomas Martin _Whpplor wns called to the chair .
Mr . Wheelee expressed his pleasure at again presiding in that room over so large an assembly of his fellow men , who had met to express their sympathy for their Polish and Hungarian brethren , and thereby ofier a solemn protest against oppression _^ whether exercised abroad or at home . Despotic governments were the same in all ages and in every nation , wherever man was despoiled of his rights ; wherever power was kept in the hands of the few , thero the many were to be found in poverty and destitution . The pnrple and the palace , the wealth and the influence , were
confined to those who were entrusted with political power , whilst those who were destitute of it , were compelled to toil for a bare subsistence : thankful even for the liberty to toil ; every attempt they made to rise in the scale of society was darkened into a crime ; every attempt they made to assert their rig hts as citizens was the signal for all the military power of the government to he brought against them until crushed down to the earth ; they then found that they had nought left them but labour and toil , surrounded on all sides by the prison , the hulks , the gallows , nnd _thn treadmill . This had been the result
in Hungary , in Poland , and m every nation of the earth , and ever would , until by one vast effort they shook off the yoke that oppressed them . The tyrants of Europe had made the verv earth that they governed , rich and fat with the blood and the bones of their slaughtered sons and daughters ; some had escaped their vengeance , and were exiles in this country and it was to expreai their sympathy for these men , and their determination to support them , i that the meeting had been called ; and though it might to some seem of small importance ,
vet its echo would be heard in the very heart of Austria ; the voice of their sympathy , though uttered in London , would ring in the ears of their oppressors at St . Petersburg and Vienna . The Chairman concluded by introducing to their notice their old and tried friend , Mr . O'Connor , who , having felt in his ova family and his own person the weight of hitter persecution , was well able to sympathise with all who were oppressed . ( Cheers . ) Mr . O'Connor , on rising , was received with wavino- of hats , & c . When this enthusiastic
reception had subsided , ho commenced hy statino- the great pleasure it gave him to assist in carrying out the objects of the meeting . It was not so crowded as thc one he had last addressed in that place , but he blamed those who were absent , and not those who were present Mr Wheeler had told them it was government Which kept them in poverty and subjection . He ( Mr . O'Connor ) told thc-m it was their own disunion ; and tnat it was not in the nower of any government to keep them in subjection , if they would but bo united amongst themselves . Mr . _Wheeler had also would have
told them that their meeting an echo in Austria , and be felt throughout the world . Such would bo the effect if they had a honest press ; but now , neither Lor d John Russell , nor any person who was not under the grade of a shopkeeper , would hear one word of that meeting . ( Hear , hear . ) If that had been a meeting for Free Trade or Financial Reform , they would have had fifteen or sixteen reporters present ; hut , because it was a meeting of honest working men , to express their sympathy for their poor expatriated Hungarian and Polish brethren , not one member
I Mil : S-Ympaeer^-15^H-Hungaby"Aner Pol...
Of the press was present . The press had no sympathy with them , because it was supported by those classes who lived in comfort upon their credulity and disunion . He attended a meeting on the previous Monday at the London Tavern , and , though it was held at midday , yet it was a full meeting of shopkeepers , merchants , members of parliament , and others —men who were anxious to elevate their own order , net that of . the working mem He had told that meeting some rather unpalata _*!?® truths , which , as . probably-fewfin _theipMJieilt _, Tr » 0 Afin / 1 r > 1-l < irl _^ lAnt _. _J-l-. _l-inWAnU _^ _rjrr _*^ _-. _^ . _nnn - n _^' t- _^
_IVjfVA-0 'Connor f _^ tben _^ the different ; classes ; Of _^ b _\ _0 yr _^ m _^ m one _\^ oiir fci 5 hiori £ Me _* sq _^^ in ' tne report of his speech- last jveek , which thenSvas received with cheers , 'hisses , and laughter , was now greeted with unbounded applause . If the same foreigner who asked theso questions were to go into the back slums of London , or into the suburbs of the manufacturing districts , where little children were hurrying to the factories , through streets half way up to their knees in mud , aud asked who lived in those
wretched abodes , he would learn with astonishment that it was the men who supported the other class in aristocratic splendour . His family had been persecuted and exiled , in standing up for liberty in Ireland ; and , therefore , he was an advocate for tbe oppressed and the exiled , let them come from whatever country they might . Ireland was his country , but the world was his Republic . Tho gallant men on tho platform might not understand his language , but they would understand the result of their meeting , and that Englishmen would not allow these brave
men to be in danger of starvation . When the Russian and Austrian Governments knew that English working men were supporting the Hungarian and Polish Refugees , then they would believe that some real sympathy existed for them . Ho had come ten miles to he present at that meeting , and ho would have attended if ho had to have travelled one thousand miles ; nothing could give him greater pleasure than to assist the oppressed . If they cast their eyes at France , they would see that . the Special Constable Louis Napoleon was tottering on his seat . If
his power was destroyed , then would be the time for the Poles , the Hungarians , aye , and the English , to obtain their rights . If tho people of England were united , they might achieve them without spilling a drop of blood , without losing a single hair from their heads . If the hatters , the carpenters , the spinners , and other trades were well employed , they were satisfied ; the man who earned £ 1 was content with it , not reflecting that he might receive £ 2 or £ 3 for the same work , were it not for the jugglery of the middle classes . In the good old times the stamp of every man ' s
" labour was on the fabric he made , and he was paid in proportion to his labour ; if to oblige an employer , he worked extra hours , he was paid accordingly , but now steam had divorced man from his labour . Steam and hot government was the ruling power over man ; all the mighty changes it had effected were benefits only to the capitalists , and not to the shop keepers or working men and _^ vhenjthe whole , capital .. of the count _^ _yJiadLgot ihtothe hands of the . few-, then the middle classes would discover the error they had committed _. Already they _^ began to . complain ; as
long as the taxes could / be wrung from . working men" they were ' content , ' but' they now began themselves to feel the . pressure , and to grow discontented . He was not a trafficking politician ; for thirty years he had been before them , and he had never eaten a meal , or travelled a mile at their expense , but had spent £ 100 , 000 in advocating their cause . He had been persecuted and confined in prison for his principles , and though they bad now made him an M . P ., he considered it more a degradation
than an honour ; neither his vote nor his speech was of any use to them . If a nincompoop lord spoke nonsense for ten minutes it was reported in the press , with additions and corrections , extending to somo columns ; but if he spoke for an hour ( and they knew he was not exactly a fool ) , the press only gave him a few lines . He was often called to order for his language in that house ; he did not , like many , make a speech on the platform to court popularity , and retract it when in the house . He told the
honourable house , that he did not care whether it was the Pope , the Devil , or the Pretender that was on the throne , so long as there was a power behind the throne greater than the throne itself : he was called to order , but he still persisted in it ; and he could assure that meeting , that no offer of any office or place would ever tempt him » to desert the people . Take away protection from the Land , tithes from the bishops and parsons , and their
loyalty would soon follow . Since the taxes had been in some degree taken off labour and placed on profit , the middle classes were not so loyal as they used to be . When he uttered these sentiments in the house he was bellowed at , and attempted to be hooted and shouted down . He was glad to see that the men of London had so greatly exerted themselves on behalf of the Refugees ; he wished to God that the men in the country had done the same . The last National Petition was said to bo
signed by five millions of people ; suppose that each of those contributed a farthing a week , it would g ive over a quarter of a million of pounds a year ; if they contributed a penny a week , it would g ive one million a year ; and if they contributed one shilling a week , it would give twelve millions a year , or it would purchape 500 , 000 acres of Land on which to locate them , or their English brethren . Did not that prove that all other classes lived by tho antagonism subsisting amongst working men ? He would givo them Dean Swift ' s Charity Sermon : the Dean being engaged to preach a charity sermon in a fashionable church , and seeing that the audience came chiefly out of curiosity , gave tho following
brief sermon : — "He that giveth to the poor lendeth to the Lord . If yon like the security down with your dust . " Those that gave to the Poles gave to a far greater charity than contributing to support a host of black slugs ; so if they liked tho security let them down with the dust . Wlien a man propounded a new principle it was at first laughed at , then mocked , reviled and persecuted , until at _lenjjth itwas adopted ; this would be the case with his Land Plan , until the day at length came , when all that desired it should have their little plot of land ; should sit under thoir own vino , and their own fi > tree , none daring to make them afraid . He would not give one fig for tlie Charter unless it Avould lead thern to the possession of the land . An old couplet said ,
God gave us light , and saw 'twas good , Billy Pitt took it from us , damn his blood . " he ( Jlr . O'Connor ) said , " God gave us land , and fishes likewise , Tyrants took them from us , damn thoir eyes . " ( Tremendous cheers and laughter . ) The scriptures said , ** that it was easier for a camel to go through tlie eye of a needle , than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of Heaven . " Tho priests did not care about the Heaven , nor the Bible , they made this earth their Heaven , and the people's hell . If a bishop was certain that he must give up £ 24 , 000 a-year to go to Heaven , and that if lie retained it he would go to hell , did they for a moment doubt but thafc he would retain the money ? These were tbe men who professed to preach the
I Mil : S-Ympaeer^-15^H-Hungaby"Aner Pol...
rehgum > _ofc _$ oaY but who were ever found most _* ctmMlWWg their fellow men ; ' _-Mrro ' _-Conrior then _rtjated _^ n anecdote of , his ' uncle ;* - Arthur O Connor , who had been ordained a-parson ; but having preachecl . his first sermon in Belfast ,- * it waa termed a _rebellious one , and he was excommuhicated , 'an _d _^ _- p- _jurse not fallowed to preach again Tney paw _^ he . _Tar ' _chbishops , bishops , and parsons iin this _cp-uftwMbove ton millions a year ; they paid eight , _tti _»> to support a standing army , and eight _miiMfiSto support their system-made paupers ; whereaS | r _^ Btice _* was done _to'the * people _^ all would ¦ _Jfirprship _^ l _^ _rtaccording to the * dictates * f-of-their _W _, _WlWM _$ Mt > . & bi 8 hop _» woul < i ; bftfneeded in - * _ft - _^ _MiP _^ _tehtmehfc _"^ arid plenty . would ' abound ; fhere _^^ i _^ be ; - no , rebel ¦ to " ., be .. foiind in _r- _'fj- . _^^> _^^ _^^ consequently , no need for ii ' solaicr ; C 6 _iidgpa _* aper 8 being unknown , there would be ' no needp _& poor law . The whole of these sums , amountin _^ fof ' sufficient to pay off the interest of the _Nationppebt , might then bo saved . ' The great landlord _|^ _teIreland . were beginning to feet the effects _& 4 _^ pystem f _and'theirlbyalfiyjwas oozing
obliged _^ _r _^^ i _^^ fo _^ t _^^^^^ maintaining their position , than to political _inmw ence . He had long since warned them of the result , and thafc they must make tho most of their property by dividing it , and bringing it into the retail market , yet , for doing bo , he had been more reviled than any man living . Committees had been appointed on the Woods and Forests , tho Crown Lands , and other public bodies ; but in no caso had such a careful scrutiny heen manifested as towards tho Land Compaay ; and , while in all the other cases they found that tho public had been robbed and defrauded , in his case he was proud to say , all their malice could not detect even a flaw . Before he concluded , he must inform them that he had received
three guineas from the manufacturing districts , for the Poles and Hungarians . ( Cheers . ) If he was as rich as he had been before the ingratitude of the Chartist body in saddling him with heavy legal expenses , and tho cost ofthe Land having nearly ruined him , ho would not have attended that meeting to beg for thein , but would havo contributed it himself , if he had lived ever so frugally to have done it . In all other countries a portion of tho nobility , bankers , merchants , officers , and of the middle class , were found acting in union with the democracy . He had received from the refugees a beautiful memorial , drawn up by an exiled Pole , who had been a lieutenant in the army , but had quitted it to join the people . Would they find a
Lieutenant Itedrag in the British army , who would give up his commission to join thc people ? Would they not rather find him too happy to shed their blood as a means of securing his own promotion 1 He did not come there to make an eloquent speech — stringing together a lot of words with no meaning . IIo was anxious to impress his mind upon their minds . lie knew they would givo him credit for sincerity when he told them , that if to-morrow , he could increase his popularity , by joining with any other party , if ho did not in his heart believe that it would tend to the elevation of their order , he would remain on his oars , and suffer in popularity , rather than be a party to their deception . He had given up every enjoyment in life to promote their welfare ; his only visits wero to the meetings of
working men ; he was nofc like John O'Connell , he did not say he would die on the floor of the house , he would not willingly lose the last joint of his little finger for the Charter , becauso he was convinced that if they were united ifc could be achioved without sacrifice or bloodshed ; but he would rather lose his head than abandon the cause he had so long battled for . He was now getting old , and many of their young leaders seemed anxious to snuff him out ; if they could effect more good than himself , he was willing to lie on his oars —( loud cries of " no , no , and they shan't , " ) * , —but however he might be reviled , he would still remain steadfast to the Charter , and would not willingly allow others to go beyond ifc .. . Miv O'Connor . sat -down loudly cheered , indeed his whole address _^ was ; frequently _, interrupted by _prolpngefdbursts of _applauseiff _^ _K ;;
would sing soine _^ of theinhational songs . This was done , and tbewhole audience seemed animated with the spirit-stirring words' of the '"Barcarole ;" 'Mlassaniello , " ' " Marseillaise , " and other noble songs of freedom's soh ' _sr _"; " 7 f Mr . d'Connor , who seemed delighted with the enthusiastic spirit evinced , proposed a subscription for the benefit of _thp refugees , which was immediately carried into effect , Mr . O'Connor collecting on tho platform ; tho result was that nearly £ 2 was collected in addition to tho charge for admission and the collection at the door .
Mr . Brown then moved a vote of thanks to Mr . O'Connor ; he was the only public man who had nobly come forward and done his duty to those gallant men ; he taxed them all with neglect of duty , they vapoured and foamed about Kossuth and Bern , but he should have no more faith in them ; it was all humbug , they had no sympathy except for themselves ; he called on them , as working men , to do their own work , to pay no man for agitating , but to agitate themselves ; they had mind and intellect sufficient in themselves to carry on , in thoir homes , in their workshops , in every place of public resort , the great work of democratic propagandism , without the assistance of these would-be leaders . They must use their own _judgment , and no longer he
duped by men whom they had nattered and spoilt ; he spoke a plain language ; hut it was tho language of truth . If he thought Mr . O'Connor acted wrong he would at once tell him so ; they were greatly indebted to him for his presence at that meeting , but they had not done with him yet ; he must do more for them , he must go to thc Polish Ball at Guildhall , and demand a share of the receipts for those men . [ Mr . O'Connor : I will do it ; which was followed by enthusiastic applause . ] Lord Dudley Stuart had deceived these men ; he wanted to drive them to America ; he was fearful they would he too useful to the democratic movement in thia country . The Polos who received money from Lord Dudley Stuart ' s Committee were not tho men who fought
for universal brotherhood , but the men who fought for aristocracy and kingcraft . The humble man who worked hard at his stall was worth more than all tho Lords or Dnkes in existence ; the shoemakers of Calendar-yard had nobly done their duty to these men ; they did not want men who made fine frothy speeches , but men of practical deeds and words . He asked his fellow working men to support those brave men , to come and visit them at their Fraternal Home in Turnmill-street , Clerkenweil , and bring them food and raiment , not to give it them as charity , they did not want charity ; thoso that gavo it as charity had better stop away ; it was nofc charity , but sympathy they asked for ; it was a debt of gratitude that was duo to them . They had fought in tho battle-field , whilst tho democrats of England had comparatively laid on a bed of roses ; the men were a credit to them ; it was a pleasure to see them
dress and look so comfortably on the small pittance they could allow them . They were all willing to work ; and thoso who wero learning them trades wore delighted with their behaviour . Kossuth , Bern and their companions would soon ho in England ; how could they look thoso men in thc face and say they sympathised with them , unless they could at the same time point with satisfaction to the manner in which they had supported their poorer hrethren ? He invited his fellow men to come among them and see that the funds they had contributed were properly applied . Mr . Brown concluded a long address , which was greeted with great applause , by a »; ain thanking Mr . O'Connor for the manner in which he had performed his duty , and reminded him that it was not concluded as long as tho men were in this country and needed support . IIo also suggested that a regular monthly meeting should be held in that room on their behalf .
Mr . Oscorxe seconded the voto of thanks , and passed a well-merited compliment upon the last speaker , for his untiring energies on behalf of the refugees , and expressed his hopes that the democrats of tho country would do more than they had hitherto done for so praiseworthy an object . Tho _CriAinMAx then put the vote of thanks , whicli was carried unanimously amid loud approbation . Mr . _O'Coxxou , in replying to the compliment , expressed thc pleasure it gave him to listen to the enthusiastic and excellent speeches ol * the two young men who had last addressed them ; he would , with great pleasure , see Lord Dudley Stuart , and demand a portion of the proceeds of the Polish hall ; and he would do moro : ho would tell him that it
wa 3 neither creditable nor hor . esfc to deprive them of thoso funds to which thev were justly entitled . ( Great cheering ) H 0 would * also put " aside all other business and attend the monthly meeting in that room on behalf of the refugees ; he felt that it would be a more profitable employment of his time than even attending in his place in tho house . Mr . O'Connor then left tho nieeting amid tumultuous applause . Mr . Stailwood made some observations relative to Mr . Brown charging tho leaders of tho people with neglect of duty ; he attended thero to prove that the Executive wero sympathising with thtm ; Mr , O'Brien had lectured on their behalf , and Mr .
I Mil : S-Ympaeer^-15^H-Hungaby"Aner Pol...
Cooper , _thad al - _« madejfa collection for them | at John-street ; 7 H 0 ; CohoIuded by proposing a vote of thanks to ' Messrs ., 'O'Brien and Cooper for their _'Serric _^ _srahd-fallpa on Mr . Brown to second it , ; < Mr . _$ Hd # _j"Vbrien _£ explamed , and " i !( 0 n _^ t _^ e 7 _s"tfgges * ti 6 n of the . Chairman a vote of _thankSiWa _^ giyentothe gentlemen named , and . also to all who . had exerted themselves on behalf ' ofthe refugees . - , A _^ vot _^ _jof-thankfi was also given to Mt .-T . _j . B _/ Qwb _jMhis _^ reat exertions on their behalf . Several foretgtf and English songs-were . ; then given , _thexaydiehoe ' assistiiB ' gjn ftheir execution ; and this _fintfgjplay of demooraticffeeling concluded b y ; a . _yOttwthany to the Ctfairman , the meeting having p . revi 0 u _^ ly 7 come _^ o the resolution of holding a _W <> . P . _wShieeting . ; in ; tho same large place of assemblage _^ . _^ . : ¦ ¦
. W|. St Riding;Delegate Meeting. " . ;¦...
. W | . ST RIDING ; DELEGATE MEETING . " . ;¦ A WM ItidingfDelegate meeting was held at Hartley , _% _ Temparanco _^ Hotel , Manchester-road , _Bradfordj _^ m Sunday las _^/ for the . pur pose off ; taking _^^ S _^ l _^ ati _*^ _fe # _eriei _? * o ' _^ he * _prepfeedf ¦ _* _**" S ! _"H 8 M _»^ the Fraternal Democrats , the Social Reform League , and the National Reform League , and other business connected with tho Association . Delegates were present from Bradford , Halifax , Bingley , Warley , Birstal , Huddersfield , Hanley , and Holmfirth . * D . Lawson , of Lower Warley , was called to the chair , The following resolutions wero carried unanimously : —
That U . _Hinchliffe and "W . Murphy audit the accounts . That a levy of Is . Cd . bo made ou each locality represented at this meeting . That Christopher Shackleton be secretary forthe next twelve months . That Richard Gee be treasurer . Moved by c . shackleiion , and seconded by Wt _Munrnr : — That considering the present disorganised and apathetic state ofthe Chartist body , and consequently the low state ofits funds , we think it highly imprudent and impolitic to attempt to hold a Conference at the present time , inasmuch as it is not likely that it could be attended by but few localities around Manchester , and
consequently could not be considered a fair representation of the Chartist body . And being , as we are , opposed to a government of unauthorised and irresponsible dictation , we consider that when it shall be found necessary and prudent to hold a Conference , that the Executive , "being the proper head of the Chartist body , are the only parties by whom , and through whom , it ought to bo called . And seeing likewise , tliat the Yorkshire and Lancashire Delegate Meeting , lately held at Hebden-bridge , sanctioned the election of UiepresentExecutive , we consider thatitwould be a stultification of the decision of that meeting , for the places represented therein to act under the dictation of any other party , until they shall have either resigned the trust reposed in tliem , or shall have been deposed by _tbi general consent of the Chartist bodv .
Moved by W . _CoCKhoi ' r , and seconded by W , Angus : — That we are in favour of an union with the Fraternal Democrats , the Social Reform League , and the National Ileform League , providing that the Charter be considered as the means , and Social Heform as tue end . Moved by W . J . SucKsxiira , and seconded by W . Cockuofi * . — That we discountenance any agitation having fov its ob . ject a less measure of justice than that contained in the _People ' s Charter . Moved by Ti . _niscnLiFFE , and seconded by W . F . Sucksmitu : That each locality be urgently requested to use its utmost endeavours to raise what money it can towards tlie aid of the Hungarian and " Polish refug ** es . Moved by H . Brasewell , and seconded by W . _OofiKROFT . — ... . . ¦
That as soon as the circumstances ofthe case . will admit , a contingent fund shall be raised'for ' the purposes of defending . the prisoners ; and maintaining their families during times of political persecution . 7 "! ¦ _: •' - ' -. _- '?¦ ¦ ' A letter was received from Mr . Ernest Jones , whicli Mr . Murphy moved * ' should be sent ,. along _Tvith . the , i _* eport . of the meeting , for insertion iir ' the .. _tSt & _pmd Reynolds ' s WeeklvNewmmef . " Thfijf _^& pO ib § i : _% _i _£ _cwdea _^ to unanimously . Tho following is a copy of the said letter : — " to the chairman or TnE west biding delegate
_MEETI . _VO . " Todmorden , ISfch of October . " Mr Dear Sin , —I find , by advertisement in the Northern Star of the 12 th instant , that it is tho intention ofthe West Riding to hold a delegate meeting on Sunday next , for the purpose of taking into consideration tho propriety of holding a national Conference in Manchester , for the organisation of the Chartist movement . " I trust I shall nofc he accused of presumption if I venture to offer a few observations on thc subject , and request you to communicate them to the ' proposed delegate meeting . ' •¦ With tho proposal of holding a Convention or Conference , I entirely coincide , but I as fully disagree as to the expediency of holding it at the pre-Kfinfc time .
" It is necessary that such a Conference should be a full and fair representation of thc national mind ; and , therefore , that the country should be fairly represented therein . This , at tho present time , is a perfect impossibility ; for few localities are at present in a sufficient state of organisation to enable them to elect and send a representative . A Conference like the ono proposed is a heavy expense to thc country—and , unhappily , most localities aro unablo to raise sufficient funds to support their local organisation , much less will they bo ahlo to support the expense of sending a delegate , and bearing their quota in the outlay which such a Convention must occasion . Moreover , many of those places which returned delegates to the Convention
and Assembly of 1848 , havo no political existence as members ofthe association . Neither council , committee , nor members , are now to be found ; therefore the machinery is failing , whereby they would he enabled to send delegates to tho * Conference ; and , although the people are beginning at last io awaken from their lethargy , and the spirit of democracy is once more beginning to show itself , I maintain it has not yet sufficiently ripened , to cause the people spontaneously to come forward for the formation or support ofthe intended measure . Trade is still too brisk—tho public mind i 3 nofc yet sufficiently jurepared—public attention is not yet sufficiently formed —in short , it is not i jet time . " The result ot forcing the Conference prematurely on the country , would be that nofc one place
in ten would send a delegate—those lying at a distance from Manchester could not meet the expense —and wo should have a so-called national representative sitting , which would in reality consist of only a few delegates from Manchester and somo surrounding towns . We havo already experienced the evil consequence of local representation assuming to bo a reflex of thc national mind—do nofc let us again commit a similar error . Tho holding of the Conference is a great and important measure in the present state of our movement , it is imperative that it should bo called on a basis sufficiently large , and conducted in a manner effective enough to secure the adhesion of the entire Chartist body—otherwise you run danger of making it a "mere party affair , and thus widening tho breaches which already exist in our movement .
" If , however , on thc other hand , thc meeting of thc Conference is postponed for a few months—say , till May or June—you will command adhesion and advantages which it is now impossible to secure . " The interval must be employed in organisation , in recruiting tho defunct localities , in reawakening the public mind , —and another thing requires especially to bo taken into consideration : thc ensuing Session of Parliament will doubtless be ono of groat importance , party spirit will probably run . higher than it has done for a long time—exciting topics must inevitably be brought before the country—we ought to wait , so that wc may take advantage cf this , in order that we may be enabled to guide thc public mind nt so critical a conjuncture . ¦
' At that time , above all others , it would be necessary for a Conference to assemble : Not at thc opening of the Session , or , indeed , as at present proposed , actually a month before its opening— but when the hollowncss of party promises , and thc treachery of Whig statesmen shall havo roused tho indignation of the people—and when it is requisite for thc peoplo effectually and authoritatively to protest against the delusive measures of their rulers , and for democracy to assume thafc proud , prominent , and decisive position , which a full and fair representation ofthe national mind through the means of a Convention , can alone enable it to do . " At present , _iv Conference could only he a partial and inefi ' cctive "" representative of tho people , as such it would not bo considered as binding on the majority , and it would possibly be more injurious tlian beneficial to the movement .
•* I am cmboldened . to offer these remarks , as they arc founded on the experience of my present tour . I have now visited most of the principal towns of England and Scotland , and plainly perceive that they are not in a position to support a National Conference , nor sufficiently aroused yet to act on the suggestion of holding one ; on the other hand , the democratic spirit is reawakening ; the promise of a
. W|. St Riding;Delegate Meeting. " . ;¦...
o _gloriouB movement i _^ _Pjai ' . en . _fcqM _^ & must"ffpt"fb 6 _prematu h * J _peMde * _Velope itself : jun'der a good system of _^^ j _y- _^^^ 0 onihs . ' Tbe _' means for this * agitatioh are abroad * -an Executive exists , several lecturers aro . in ' tbo field . Democratic _literaturei-T * more abundant > t hah ever , organisation' is _proceedi ingi _several-ine-w localities ar _^ fdrmi ' ngi _^ -Wait ; an * _^ _fS-M' i ? nly ; . to -i _* a Convention woi _* fchy of being _Ca » Cd _JJiat''Ona ,. bufctO do t _- Snt _™!^* _, _non _* _nnt- _* _-nn _3
,, _"SninSSSfc _% _^ > y the _powerfof pnblid < opinion from without .. « . /¦ " _^ 7 C ... ' . _~ _^ 8 _sj _? f _^ * ¦ ' - ' ' 7 , ; ' ' 7 * 7 _.- " ; 7 _.:- . 7 -v '¦ _: i 7 ; _- ' _1 " ours : fAithftilly j .,, 7 ' ¦' _¦ " . " , ; ' . " ' 7 , 7 '¦''''" . . Ernest * Joke ' s . ? . AlII communications for the-West Riding * secretary must L in future be addressed to Christopher _ghatSde * ton ,- Queenshead / near Halifax ; T- ~ .-: - ~ _.-.--, .. ' ¦ _t-. . _;^ .. / .. _*<* , _^ if _* _- * !¦¦ _-. « r _. ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ :. - 'A ' ¦ - _^
. , 7 ^ Wjn^^^^S^Riftisi^X; 0rbiirwi * ;
. , 7 _^ _WjN _^^^^ _S _^ _riftiSi _^ X ; _0 rbiirWi * ;
. The October ' Session ;0f .Tfieabovokq...
The October ' session ; 0 f . tfieabovoKQ . ourfc . ( the _laafi ofthe ' present mayoraIfcy ) 7 Qominenced _' 'OaMonda 3 r with _thetisualformaiitids . ' ' " ' _*•'"* ' , - Robbery by a _Warehouseman . —Paul _Grazer , " ? 33 | _,-T 7 arehousemaii _J _was-indicted for stealing a quantity of woollen cloth _/ called _^ ddeskiii j the prdpertyiOfjThomas M'Gregor > _iThei prbse ' eutor in this case is _, a _jirarehouseman _^^ carryihg on business in Cheapaiido , and ifc appeared _^ hat the _^ prisbiier had ! come into / Bis service witEYory good ; _teatimonialaaa to character , and ho was employed in-a _respppsiblQ capacity . ; 'Ifc ' app eare'd . ' that _' ori tlie 3 rd " of -Segtem _*>* ber ' , " in consequence , of ' something that ' transpired , ;
Mr . ' _-M'Gregorsenfc for the prisoner in to ' the " _ccunting-nouSBi and _, * npon his turning out _hig'tfoeketiafi his request , three letters addressed to the . prosecutor and two other personsiinhis servl 6 o were fOuhd in his possession .. _These . 5 letters the- prisoner had improperly , detained , and ; upon this , occasion tha prosecutor , discharged ; Wnv from his- _, service . * At , this ; fiiinJ 9 , - .-it would L- _wiein f vMr . M _^ _regbriwasindfc _^^ bat _^ _ei had _, tte _^ rbbb ' e _' d _, Jin _^ _Sfoiilhe-pri _^ sober writing to hint a _shdrt _' tinfe " afterwards , and requesting that a desk which belonged to hiin should be delivered up , the ; desk in qdcstioh was ? searched , and a number of . pawnbrokers' duplicates , referring to various descriptions of property doalt in by tbe prosecutor , were discovered . Among the duplicates was one for the piece of doeskin which formed the subject of the nresent _iiinuinr _.
and the prosecutor swore positively to the fact of ithaving- formerly been among his stock . The pawnbroker ' s shopman , however , was unable to identify the prisoner as tho person who pawned it , —Tha jury , after a short deliberation , returned a verdict of Not Guilty . Tho prisoner was then charged upon another indictment with stealing a scarf , a table cover , and a pieeo of waistcoating , tho property of the same prosecutor . —The facts of this case were preciselythe same as the last , with the exception thafc tha shopman of the pawnbroker with whom the table cover had been pledged expressed a belief that the prisoner was the person who pledged it . — -The jury , after deliberating for some timo in tho box , said they wished to retire . They were absent half-anhour , and they then returned into court , and again gave a verdict of Not Guilty .
The _Chauoe of Manslaughter aoaixst a Policeman . —Just before the rising of thc Court tho grand jury brought in a bill against Nathaniel Eaton Uusholl , a police-sergeant , which they returned " not found . " MisDE . MEANouR . —Charles Nicholls , 34 , traveller , a respectable-looking man , was indictcd * for a misdemeanour . —The facts of this case were somewhat singular . The prisoner had gone into the house of Mr . Jones , of the Adam and Eve , Jewin-street , and presenting the card of a highly respectable wine and beer merchant ' s in the city , solicited an order for tho firm . He then called for some gin , and tendered a bad shilling in payment . This was given back to him , and he then gavo another from his
purse , which was also bad ; it was detected' by the landlord , and handed back to the prisoner , who _ubtimately left the house . Information was given to a police constable , who followed the prisoner , and from what he saw of his movements , deemed it hia duty to tako him into custody , which ho did , and took him back to the prosecutor's house , when , upon reaching the door , prisoner put his hand into his pocket and then to hi 3 mouth . The officer _, seized him by the throat , and succeed _^ . in ; dislordg _4 ing the two counterfeit ' - ' shillings ' - _^ which ; he . " was about swallowing . He- ' was then locked , up ; ' and ' upon inquiry * , being made at - ' the firm ho' purported ' to represent , it . turned out that he was' hot _-inbwii to themfbeyond having obtained some of their cards ' and _askedf if , ' they " would- supply any orders - he
- might have to give .--The jury . found him Guilty .-- ; 'The prisoner , who'had been ' before , tried andjconvicted _ffthis court , was sentenced to six _montha _* _. _imprisrajment _; ; _- ; r ; : - : '< : 77 ' 7 'f / 77 f" " , " 7 7 ' ""'" Z \ s * tjTTKiuNd- Base " CoiN _^ _Michael" Ullmer , 52 . ' _iw ci _^^ eB _^ _gh _*)*^^ indicted for' _uTtering counterfeit coin . — rVom _tHo evidenco it appeared that on the Oth of October the prisoners drove down to Uxbridgo in a horse and cart , and visited a number of shops , passing in each instance a bad shilling , being detected before they got away . They got possession of some by returning good money for thorn . Ono of tho parties was then seen to bury the money in a bag , upon
which information was given to the police , and the prisoners being taken search was made for the hag , which wns found , and in ifc above thirty bad shillings , and some bad coin on Ullmer , aiid also between £ 3 and £ i good money , some of the coin they had passed and got back was found in the bag . In the cart was found a quantity of penny loaves and small pieces of cheese , and other small articles , which they had purchased , —The prisoners , who are from the neighourhood of Bethnal-green , upon coming into the dock , were recognised by a largo party in the gallery . They were both convicted , and sentenced " to twelve montks' imprisonment .
RoBBixcf an Employe *! . —Paul _Frazer , who was acquitted upon two indictments charging him witb robbing his master , Mr . M'Gregor , a warehouseman , in Cheapside , was again arraigned upon a third chanro of tho same character . The jury , without any hesitation , returned a verdict of Guilty . —Mr . Ilud _' dlestone said he was requested to state , for tho information ofthe court , that in addition to the cases against the prisoner , which had already been disposed of , thero was very good ground for believing that he had committed other depredations upon Mr . M'Gregor , to a very considerable extent . —Thc Recorder then sentenced hiin to be transported for seven years .
Burglary . —Ilenry Ilyams , a Jew , aged 40 , described as a dealer , was indicted for a burglary ia tho dwelling house of Louis Nathan , and stealing a silver butter knife , his property . In another count the prisoner was charged with receiving the article in question , knowing it to have been stolon , The prosecutor deposed that he was a merchant and resided at No . 10 , Finsbury Circus . On the night of the 23 rd of September the family went to rest about twelve o ' clock , and tho next morning , at half past six o ' clock , upon his going down stairs ho found tho house in confusion , and his servants informed him that the premises had been entered during the night by the back area window , and he ascertained upon further investigation that a
considerable quantity of plate , which ho valued at £ 80 , had been siolcn . Among the articles so taken was a silver butter knife , and he identified the one now produced as tliat which had been stolen on tlie night in question . —George Trew , one of the City of London detective police force , deposed that on tho evening of the 29 th of September , while ho was sitting at tea in his own house in Monkwell-street , City , he saw the prisoner pass his window , and knowing him , he resolved upon following him . Tho prisoner proceeded to Shoc-lanc , where lie stopped a short time at tho corner ; he then went on to Holborn , and after that to a public house in Kingstreet , Drury-lane , where he remained for twenty minutes , lie then again went into Holborn , where
witness stopped him and asked him where he had been , and he said he had been for a walk . Witness told hini he suspected that ho had stolen property about him , and he should wish to search him . Tho prisoner said he had nothing about him but a purso and a few shillings , and he expressed his readiness to be searched , and witness took him into a public house , and after examining his person ho found the silver butter knife which he now produced in his breast coat pocket . He then told thc prisoner that he should take him into custody for having the butter knife in his possession , and ho replied , " Oh , don't . " And he at tlie same moment put his hand into his trousers pocket , and when he pulled it out
witness laid hold of him and found a £ b note in his hand . The prisoner then said to him , ' * Tako that , it is as square as a guinea , and let me go . " Upon this he took the prisoner into custody , and locked him up in the Smithfield station house . —The jury found the prisoner Guilty of feloniously receiving the butter knife , knowing ifc to havo been stolen . — In answer to a question put by the learned judge , the officer said he was not aware of thc prisoner having ever been convicted before , nnd UiC reason he was induced to follow him upon the occasion in question was , that ho had repeatedly see ;; him in company with notoriously bad character ? . —Tho prisoner was sentenced to be imprisoned aud kept to hard labour for twelve months .
Yarmouth.—A Public Meetinsr, Convene:! B...
Yarmouth . —A public meetinsr , convene : ! by tho mayor , waa held on tho 21 st inst ., to receive- a deputation from the council of tho Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association . Sir Jos ; » w Walmslev , who alone represented the Association , made a very discursive speech . Our _co " not expediency . CoMMETE » .-Thl 8 great visited by several parties .
< "^ 'Y^' ^Y^K Yzwm I! 7
' y _^ ' _^ y _^ _K yZwm 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 26, 1850, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_26101850/page/1/
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