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„x*~> INDIA AND CHINA. ___. «*^ «*vrs fr...
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SracinK fboh Wasr^-An inquest was held b...
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;rMt^ gentleman to me the other day. Whe...
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The only business in both houses up to T...
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(Hear, hear >-< tbe four vdi.y__ , andfB...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Irtamtm That Thaimisery *Too ^ ~ Tolastl...
_„ ES s ** J ? LmL _ _- y .,, TBE NORTHERM _. _st _. t * 7 m . * 1 ¦ ' - '
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„X*~> India And China. ___. «*^ «*Vrs Fr...
„ _x _*~> INDIA AND CHINA . ___ . _«*^ _«* vrs from India is not very important . The ¦ _^ _*«^ _*^ of Goomsoor isstai partially hi rebellion . " _^ _Sp _^ KD _* . of the metBures of government to ( - _^ e _^ _tte _diaboUc _^ ceremonies practised there . J _$ _^ _P _\« £ dJo * -gl-a - _° -d _Pwtilential atmosphere of _•»^ S _*? SSt are frond more _forraidable than an _Vt _^ _fr _T * a line of fortresses ; and the refusal of _•^ J _^ Jr _^ _anment to consent to a system of razzias _isjPy _^ y entails a protracted and difficult eoureeof
_tigStStaeamer Indus , from Bombay , has been * 3 £ j * _£ a . Crew and _pagsengere saved . The French _^ _f _^ rLa Gloire ( 50 guns ) , Commodore La Pierre . r _^ ir _^ -TetteVictoriense ( 20 guns ) , Captain De _W J _* , ; llv were totally loston the coast of Korea in _St _** S » ff it is reported that they were four degrees ! A _*^' i _*^ ] oBEitade , andstnick en a quicksand at high _jjjtia -atm rf { _, e crew were landed on an island , and two ff _^« _**^ ent to Shanghai for ass stance . Her Majesty ' s ' * ° i _^ _ltedalos , Espiegle , andChiIderB , wentto their iit _^ _-H _^ ' FRANCE .
nnr niff Pari 3 _despatchesofMontoyh & Tearrived . The _jl _nt _Jlnfion ofthe French public is at present divided _ip-T . - _^^ theag itationforElectoralandParliamentary l | l 2 ffi « " - to ci " 1 warin Swi _« _Kfli _« d- The 2 _^ _^ r in spite of » P * P should rather say _^ 3 _^ ed & J > the most obstinate and unscrupulous oppo * " _^ _*^ o nf the government , is assuming dimensions and Jo jjportance _wMch must tender it ultimately tri _* _^ f _^ _ft _^ m banquet has been held at Valence , _atirtflttfliiedty nearly 500 persons , generally of a high _Yfl _\ _Sfa * on in society , of whom 300 were qualified _elec-S _S The usual toasts were drunk , and speeches _* _fl The _Debats announces the withdrawal of the Ft * _fienc- * Minister ( M . _Boig Lecomte ) from Berne , _be-Ja rtase the Vorort refased to grant ene of kis attaches . _^ f _^ port for Lucerne
«»«— SPAIN . 1 The Cortes has been opened by the Queen , who ,. _^ _peaifid depressed and melancholy , and . contrary . _tofonner precedent , received not a single cbeer on i _U way to or from the church . Her august ; mother . _^ _j not . however , treated with similar indifference . 1 _jmywhere on her passage she was greeted with _-ries of execration , loud as well as deep . H' _~~
THE WAR IN SWITZERLAND . TOBEIGS _JQfJ- ** KVES-aON . Il appears that ths crowned conspirators are de--fjmined to try their hands at crushing the Swiss _jjidicals . Tbe Paris correspondent of the Times litis announces this villanous conspiracy , to which , it appears , our precious Lord Palmerston is aeon * _jentiBg party . ' While the Federalists are progressing successfully ¦ c _-rards tbeir object , the five great Powers are rec-ired npon interference in one or other shape _, " fiance had , as is already known , proposed to the -ther four Powers to address to the Swiss Governgent a joint note , calling npon them to suspend
_fcgtilities , and to send deputies to a point at which . conference shonld take place , and a plan be agreed -n for the adjustment of the existing differences ( Basle . Neufchatel , and Friburg , in Briggan , were ispectively suggested ) . The note of the French _t ' oTemment recommended that , shonld the Vorort _feline acquiescing ia that proposition , the five _PoTere should declare the compact entered into be frees Europe and the Swiss Contederation , in 1815 , _violated , and that , thereupon , joint measures for the _Q-jotenance or enforcement of the compact sbould je immediately decreed by those Powers . The reply cf Prussia to tbis note was first received ; it
approved the proposition . Tbat of Austria reached puis yesterday ( Sunday last ) , and was in the same _jhbc * That of Russia has not yet arrived , but there appears so reason to donbt that it will be in unison nth th . se of Prussia aBd Austria- The reply of Great Britain was delivered to M . Guiiot on Wedii-da _* -or Thursday last . It approved the principle ofthe ' note of the French Government , bnt content-luted a less rigorous proceeding . Instead of direct coercion , Lord Palmerston recommended mediation , tad that at tie proposed conference ( which be sugssted might , with increased advantage , be held in _iendon ) _, two deputies from the Federalists , and aa t-anv from the League shonld be present .
Notwithstanding favourable replies from Prussia and _Augtriabavebeenreceived by M . _Guizotss above stated , led the certainty tbat tbat of Russia will equally uprove the terms of his note , it is believed in Paris tsdavthat Lord Palmerston ' s answer containing a _tnodiScation of thenote , bas been deemed acceptable _irr AL Guizot , and will ba adopted by Russia , _Frusta * _mi A * astria . Tbe matter has been complicated ly the fall of Fribourg , and by the probahle _submisson of Lucerne , but the joint action ofthe five great Powers wiU not be prevented by tliose events , the _riair being , m reality , not a Swiss , but an European _Weannounced in onr last theBurrender of Fribourg ia the army of the Confederation .
Letters from Berne of the 16 th state lhat all the public establishments of Fribourg , the school of tbe Jcsui s , and the convent 9 , had been converted into barracks for the accommodation of tbe troop 3 of the fourteen battalions , wbo took possession ot the city . A provisional government , elected by the people , wa * installed en the loth , previous to the arrival of Federal commissaries . Colonel Maillardci , commanderin-chief of the Fribourg troops , _andmost ofthe members of the last Council of State , bad absconded . General Dufcrar arrived at Berne on the loth , and departed on the following morning at six o ' clock , fer Argan , where . his presence was necessary to com oence the military operations against Lucerne . The provisional Government of Fribour- _* , was composed of Liberals , amongst whom were Messrs Julian SchaHer , Wicky , Pitet _, Chatoney ,
Roba-Up to the 18 th ibe greatest disorder and anarchy perailed sin tiie canton , wherever tbere were no * A _JetSom Berne ofthe 16 th , in the _Coiw _* ift _* - The staff of the _divifaen of _resenre and that of the General-in-Chief returned jesterday to tbia place . They were immediately followed by fonr reterre battalions , a company of Vaudese _Cnasseurs-acheval , three companiesof carabiniers , and two batteries of artillery . All these troops left Berne this in ™** - * nn their way to Lncerne . To-day also the
bkadeFrei of the _^ vision Bonkhardt , composed oi three battalions afiniantiy . two companies ot _carabiniere , and two batteries of artillery , passed to-day _fimragh the town , bat without-stopping . They were _sll well equipped , and it would havebail [ difficult to _iEanne that they had jast bivouacked during four _Ssinrach nnfavoarable weather . Theconduct She federal troops since their being called under aS haa been most exemplary for discipline and SS and tie _ntoost _cheerfnlness has been _Cbd _toTndnre . I cannot 'resist _repeating to _vousomeof the stories which I have heard from S 2 S aid which _*^ _^ _-afiffij ± tree of _suwrstition _thepnesta whoact forthe Jesuits _KpSSSto FritonKpeasants- Onthelatter _SS _^^ ed _^ ofthe _Virgin Marywhic _^^^^ _i
t-ti _1 pV them _invnlneradle . » w _* " _«•» _- »* " _«" - Z jj j r _«* fh _* i > Ticb of from two to seven bate _Kllff'S o _^ _Ki a bit of writing , which { thirty cent , to one i _^ w _^ That which V ° Mned _"SSSTS .. - « O Mary . _^ _S _^ _Twith fa j-r g . « 535 _% _^ £ Sf _filft ? S S wffchMary _?^?^^ _? _& cb _« _»• means emptoyed _ienelfhas _^ _giren . . _W _JSfnre _, fanaticise the bythe Jesuits and , _^ « f _^ _£ m their last JE * _^ _ttftoi _dX-cfa where these _^ Thebrigade BonteX * . *** * _£ _* _$%£ Eon , 4 , 000 menstrong , has just « J ™ _- > - _uiwti . bWtmw at _* ix o ' doek toproceej _^ mmJ _Lmo » . ThM 10 , 000 men have been _detaebal from the , uw tf _opeHsoi Fribourg to teifte * the forces _dfc-S to reduce Lucerne and the pnmitm
iKtated that m * vA f _^ _HJTfc MM smiy have been assassinated in _Fnbourg _ty Vie wr _itSSXSm _^^ _Mnderbond , whoaeliTea toye in _^* V _t £ . _^ ved _bytbe ' _toterposition ° _?^*^ Scd , no _bnnseof the Avoyer Foamier has wen _^ V _™** _^_ j _tetheFrenchZhterial pap _^ ' _-gjfflf * g _fcwps , but by the people _ri _& _% _* _fffiS troops -felf . Theoffir _^ _-Wp rivatea ofthef _^ _^ — - _> ¦ _¦ . lUBViuccraauu * _-- ——— j nrnrwrlv are of _» d PJ _^ y
_^ e dhthepretection pewn * _S _»»« ely fired upon as they pass by conceaiea ** - _jnops of Lucerne , who _haltaade aa _» curw _^ territory of A _^ n . * » _W JL _^ A «* ™ _^ _Ktere fi ghting in j £ _^^ _iJSnw * « _tfttad enovement . The lota of the iiW « . t _^ ated-A 200 _*^ _aiid l 2 _Opiw _^* _tteamonn _tfidlledvtnd wounded of the federal troops u _« _Ifieesfrom Lucerne to the 15 th ' _** _£% _& ' _*»* Tfcegi * eatet _consteniatiott » J < u _^ _failed . Provisions _W _^ . _ttKw _?« w . Thennb & ation ot _eueolation of au _*» _•^ Fr _iWwufebidden . _Itwasaaidtt » j 3 W _-2 asl * te _* staawass
„X*~> India And China. ___. «*^ «*Vrs Fr...
that thaimisery _was * too _^ great ~ to _^ _lastlonr *; " ' Sewr- ' tera _£ - _f _^™ _^* * _""^ _S in considerable numbers in the _adjacent-cantoas . Thev _miiobipH that the cantonal authorities _cironlaffitatemento ofthe defeat and da _^ _htaroi great _numbe _^ of _the fedettdta » F « en the _expedtfion to theFreiamt , and _fc = « rw ? L _^ bn ,, _? -i : ? -J Fribourg should be knowa hije bodies of the Lueerne troops would withdraw to _Arganand tbe other _neigbbourinVcan tons and would submit to the federal _govemmeitT _TheBat / e » _e . of the 18 tb , states thit _S federal army was in _nossessioa oi the conntry _ronnd Lncerne , and had already made 1 , 200 prisoners . Zag was believed to have been already occupied _/ _Kn f * > . rt _STtrtn ' ri ' trTr ¦ _I'Tf ' ' _ t . 7 ** " - * - » _*¦¦ _, -- ¦• _- _* --.-. ¦ ,
. Berne Iettera of the 20 th inst ,, state that the operaUonfl against Lucerne hadeommenced , and that several districts of that canton adjoining Argau had beeni occupied by the federal troops . A oonrier had reached Berne the night before , announcing that k i SSv ° U P- to the _tvnhet of 1 , 500 , reinforoed by 2 . 000 Valaiaians , had advanced on-fiie-I 7 th towards Airolo , in Hie canton of Ticino , and , after a _aangninary engagesaent _^ succeeded in taking posses sion' of that town . The battalion of _CaasUini , and a company of carabiniera , Who formed its garrison
, retreated on Faido , and probably en Bellintona , where Colonel Luvini was concentrating his forces . Tiro battalions from the Orisons , which were to have co-operated with tbe division of Ticino , had not yet made their appearance . Colonel MaUlardox , with the troops of the Sonderbund , which had escaped from Fribourg before the submission of that place , had * not , as was _etroaeonsly reported , joined their party in Lucerne , but had effected their flight individually to Neufchatel , where they were at the departure of the last advices .
GERMANY . Thb Poubh _Pijocsbs . —Bibijn , Not , 17- —This was a solemn day in Court . At ten o ' clock , the Pre * indent rose , and addressing the counsel for the Polish defendants inquired whether they had any further defence to make . The counsel unanimously replied in the negative , npon which the President said —• ' The proceedings are herewith closed . . The day for pronouncing the sentence cannot yet be named . ' This will probably not take place ior a fortnight or three weeks , and the reading will probably occupy two or three days . It will be given in German , and only the tenour will be translated into
Palish
ITALY . The occupation of the Fivizzano by the troops of the Dnke of Modena has created an immense sensation in Italy . It appear that the inhabitants , who had lived long and happily under the paternal government of the Grand Dnke of Tuscany , had expressed a determination ton sist by force of arms their being transferred tothe dominions of theDuke ot Modena ; but lo ! on tiie 5 th of November , the troopsofthe Duke of Modena took possession ofthe country by surprise . On tiie 7 th instant , two days after the _Modenese troops had taken possession of Fivizzano , the Modenese guard attempted to seize upon a Tuscan sergeant-major who had remained in Fivizzano , but the inhabitants interfered in favour ofthe sergeant . The Modenese troops fired at the crowd , and two persons were killed , besides a great number wounded . The Tuscans are said to be in arms to drive the Modenese ont of Fivizzano .
By later letters from Florence , we learn that the excitement produced by . the seizure of Fivizzano by the Modenese troops has been by no means allayed . The inhabitants of Fivizzano are emigrating in vast nnmbers . Pontremoli , tbe seizure of which iB feared , has adopted every practicable means of defence . The farmers and peasants from the _sarroimdiBg country , led by their priests , and armed with whatever weapons they , can procure , are flockingintothe town _. The following document was published at Carrara by order of the Duke of Modena : ¦ — - Autograph Letter of Francis T „ Dake of Modena , te ConntManzoni , _Pode-tat of the district of Carrara , sent by the Governor with orders to publish it : —¦
• I learn with extreme indignation tbo scandalous scenes which dally occur at Carrara . Being- determined to oppose , by every means in my power , the recurrence of snch disorders , and to prevent the revolutionary plague wbich surrounds ns from penetrating into my states , I hereby give netice _that I have fully instructed my troops to repress and disperse all seditions assemblages , by making use of their arms , in aBy manner whatsoever , and without heeding the consequences _. With ttat view , the garrison of Carrara will he increased at the-expense of the municipality , who will compensate itself by levying an estraordinsry tax on tbe inhabit
ants , wbich they will regulate ia conjunction with my Government , and those troops shall remain at Carrara a month after each sedition , each tumult , or each act subversive of public order . I will never yield . I will defend mjself by aU possible mean _? , l & e the commander of a fortress , who _ctmhati in a desperate manner the enemy who besieges him . recurring for that purpose to every expedient , even themost violent Those gentlemen must know that if my own forctb were insufficieBt , I have , beyond the Po , a reserve of 300 , 000 men . who will teach them that for the present they cannot awe me . _Faiscis . '
POLAND . „ _.,,,. - It is stated in a letter from Cracow , of . the I 5 tb , that the tomb of M . _Zajaczkowski _, President of the Political Criminal Tribunal , who was assassinated on the 4 th , has to be guarded night and day , by strong detachments of cavalry and infantry , it being reported tbat the people intended to drag np the body , and hang it on a gibbet . _„ UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . Bythe arrival of the Braton packe t-ship Ocean _Jfonascb , we learn thatthe Whigs had earned the elections in tbe _Btate of New _Yi-rk . Oiir Mexican advices are unimportant , ne have no intelligence of General Scott . Our former advices stated that Santa Anna had left Puebla .
Hen-era . according to the Arco Iris , Tom - _* ol-Iccted 10 , 000 men at Queretaro , all of the National Guard .
Sracink Fboh Wasr^-An Inquest Was Held B...
SracinK fboh _Wasr _^ -An inquest was held before Mr Payne , the coronerfor the borenghof Sonthwark , at the George Jhn , Waterloo-road , oh the body of John Sturt , aged 50 years . On Tuesday last , the deceased sent his wife out for some trifling errand , and when she returned , in a few minutes afterwards , ahe fonnd be had cut his throat His wife said that she believed the deceased had been induced to commit the act on account of the great distress which tbey had for some time endured . —Coroner : Were yon in want ? Witness : Yes . We bad only 2 s . and two loaves of bread per week from the parish . — -Coroner : Had yon represented to the parish the distress yon
were in ? Witness : I did two months ago , before the board of guardian ? , and they said they eonld not increase the relief , and that I must endeavour to do something for myself . They even refused me a blanket to cover mo . —Several witnesses confirmed the witness ' s statement—Verdict— * Temporary insanity , brought on by want , ' . A Railway Ghost . —A _ladicrons incident hap . pened near Stotkham . on tbe Lancashire , Cheshire aud Birmingham Railway , a few days ago . It is pretty well known that the operations on this railway havebeen stopped forthe present . A few men were left for the purpose of carrying on some minor
excavations which were thought necessary . Aboat a month since a man was unfortunately killed by the falling in ofthe tunnel near the place where the men were set to work ; and the men heard , or thought they heard , most distinctly , tbe sound cf . a pickaxe on the very spot where he had been killed . The wind had been rather high for three or fonr days , but still they heard the monotonous sonnd of tbe dead man ' s work in the tunnel At last it was agreed that one ef them should descend and ascertain how matters stood , and if there shonld be anything to fear a signal was to be given and the adventurer drawn no again . One of theparty immediately
consented , boasting that he feared not man nor devil . Accordingly , the rope was fastened round thei waist ofthe hero , and fie was letdown the shaft fin companions ready , on the least nohce . fa . draw K P . The boaster had not reached the bottom Kacry washeard from below , _andsuch a twitch was given to the rope as plainly bespoke that _some-Iw was thematter . The man was pulled np m * TjL - » li a . _conntenanoe pale aa death , on which s _^ _SaSJaKSsBsaatf face of - _^ _SlSwXh * * hich I _* B wcogn ued wards _m if he was at _»««• _£ of . h-8 , ate fr _- end . immediately as we founiemw immediately » _-- _—^ - nejghbonrhood of
_^ , _^ ff _SSff _tfcsHas the theme every and the _™* iB | _! ; _" wen hear the sound of tongne y _^ _HS" man ia a pot-valiant _tog hostatwork j OnWa _^ go down and _S'Srt ? to fc _£ f _feSfagto « _ehowsuchanene fight the ghost 1 . _J-ff _dowT and in about five would fare , they let htm _™& _£ iBmouA cause minutes drew him up again , wiin *¦ - _£ * _" " , _fa _fe of aUtheir tenor _mtoh _^^ _JCteft tSre _^^ Yl-By an Order in Council ,
* " •_ t «_ _, ntl ___* . tMBUPeiM W MBKCawi W _issoe " _™ » ° | 5 f JK a _fl » , ««> _ta « mtm . Tie _^ _^^ _VmSSSSSSmmmtmml _diffewnt _arUcM _Oiaiiver p nameg d oflinen . and other tjwff _»»^ s . _^ «* ts erased , had . Deep _ iu « _?• ..
" G . _^ _ffi _^ ai _toN- _^ rich Castle , charged -Bitted , to tatoh » _tojjlj" E # F Egq ., _gifi _^ _ofthisproperty , sup-
;Rmt^ Gentleman To Me The Other Day. Whe...
; rMt _^ gentleman to me the other day . When _aneakinr , of _-W-ftw-ittA _**^ sans and peasants . 'If she had , things might have gone better , and have had amorefortunate terminaoft _^ ay he _^ _iJtnUaL _^ LZf _^ l * ' ? * _" 0 j , e 8 wonld _««> t have _™„ M _^ _, ' ™ _w less _^ J _^ - _MiUiona of money _T _^^ lk * _?' eXpended itt U 8 eks 5 _cbioanetv _. _£ l «' PP _R „? _ift TJUn cxti _; a _™ 8 _*» nce of knaves and foos- _Butsoitwas ; and behold the consequence Ireland retrograding , daily , in _prosberitvYveraine
0 i Kraptc ?' -ber children starving , naked , fZ . _^ _" _^ - _"nfprtunate beggars sebking alms from tte nation which pauperised them . Had the people been'directed by one of his spirit , energy , and honest integrity , _laboura-sincere and true—would not have been employed in a worse than useless way ; shillings hard-earned , but liberally contributed , for the realisation of a darling object , would have been invested in some available project that would insure a return , with double interest , to the Bouree from whence they were derived . But _?&? -T * f _x ? * _- " _unfortunate . Some have been faitntnl _, but their efforts in her behalf have been marred by traitors ; others there were who fattened on her generosity . whilst tbey sold her to her oppressors * , and others there were , also , who gained her confidence but to play the game of deep-designed ambition . And it ' s somewhat remarkable that the honourable member for'Nottingham bearded those in
the height of their power , when they mounted to greatness on the necks ofa too easily deluded people-But let the old adage be observed , ' de _mortuit m '« nisi _bonum- ' These are gone , —let their faults , or crimes , if yon _wiij , rest with them . The present should be , now , our theme , —brother hood onr ohject . —a concentration of democratic opinion our design . Let the future be , —the throne for the dynasty , —the government for the people . Until these things become facts , and reduced from declamation to the startling reality of actual operation , —the great natural principles of universal liberty and nfirestricted freedom in labour , with a fair participation in its produce , must remain a dead letter on the statute book of exertion . Give us universal suffrage . . Ministerial duplicity is at an endmagisterial oppression only a thing that was , —a labouring people happy , —industry remunerated , —and the throne safe . *
It is melancholy for an Irishman to witness the misery which now eats , like a cancer , into the vitals of his country , thinning her numbers , condemning to exile her noblest and bravest _sbhs , and reducin ? the great bulk of her population to the condition of a pauperised community .. It is melancholy to see all this , but it is more melancholy , still , to see the lo 7 e _^ f base servility that marks the proceedings of her pnblic bodies . ' Conciliation Hall . ' and its heir loom of duplicity in religion and politics—the Irish Council , all time serving patriots , rendering more actual service to th ' e ' Whigs' who starved us , than their open adherents . Monuments collected for , and a people starving ; pampered priests preaching patience to a hungry population . Government officials
prey on the resources ofthe poor ; levees at the castle , at wbich our wretchedness and destitution are laughed at through commiseration , —decisions in this synod worthy of Simon Magus . Nothing true , nothing manly , nothing sincere , but 'Youns Ireland , ' 'Chartist Repealers , ' as they call them . That body profess to love Ireland and wprkfor her welfare . They speak up as men looking tor a right and not a favour . They despise the glittering trammels of government servitnde . They consider a . people more worthy than a party , and estimate a nation ' s freedom worthy the libation of a patriot's blood . " Yes . Cbartists weareandfor my part , I could
, , wish Feargus O'Connor was at onr head ; not that I much care for there being a leader , but hie efforts have been worthy a man , worthy freedom—his spirit bas been daring , decisive , and bold—his integrity in the recognised purity of his eventful political life . ' True , he advocates the shedding of blood wben necessaiy for a country ' s freedom . He who would do otherwise is a slanderer of human nature in its noblest mould . Where ' s the slave so lowly , Condemned to chains unholy , Who could he bar st hie bonds at first , Wonld pine beneath thera slowly !'
Let that be the honourable gentleman ' s highest recommendation . Moral force avails but little , unbacked by physical power , to compel the tyrant to yield op bis ill-gotten prey . Such was the case in Italy . Better have blood spilled in open warfare , fighting for a man ' s just rights , than by the cowardly hand of the assassin , who , for aught I know , is encouraged to do the work of midnight villany by the teachers of those doctrines which debase the spirit , and render human nature foolish . Yes . 'tis better . Every other day records ' tales of dreadful carnage , in this fair country . The thirst for blood seems justifiable . The landlord ' s cruelty is meeting ita just reward ; tbe ' wild justice ofrevenge'is carried out with a
vengeance , and the principle that nature demands redress for long endured grievances is being vindicated . The people , too , are becoming alive to the puzzling nonsense ot ' moral force ;* democratic popular republicanism is iheir aim . Confederate clubs are being formed , priestly interference is scoffed at , and its political influence dying daily . Clubs are got up for teaching the truth of freedom . A youthful leader , of a youthful band , has lighted a torch which bum steadily . ' Chartism , ' is not repudiated by that band . Infidels , they call us , but what of that ; Copermcns was called a heretic . We have done wbat eur youthfulHeader , T ; P . Meagher said he wonld , viz ., —established a' Confederateclub ' in the heart of ? . Old Ireland , ' Waterford City . They
abuse ns ; wbat of that , either ? Understrappers must do their dirty work . Galileo was persecuted for benefiting science . We go on as be commenced , steadily . We maybe sneered at , but the _ceward's laugh , or the traitor ' s sneer , ' can't repress the cry for liberty . Meagher says , ' We will tbink , dare , and do by intellect—and so we shonld , and will . Ignorance is , at least , but a sorry provision for an assault on the strongholds of despotism . The enlightenment of the mind , and an appreciation , consequent upon the recognition , of our soul ' s noblest faculties and prerogatives , are decrees , rebellions against slavery . So tbey were when the people wrested the ' great Charter'from the crowned tyrant John . The _baronB didn't do it ; it was the people ' s power .. . So
they were , when extended education destroyed the serfdom of feudalism ; so they were when the republican system triumphed in tbe New World ; so they would have been in France had it not been for military despotism and monarchical perjury ; so they will be in Ireland , _inspite of all . Public opinion , enlightened intellect , and encouraged self-reliance , will effect what loud hurrahs or flimsy cbeers could not . Tinder their invocation , Poland will yet rise up to make the crowned monster of Russia tremble and confess that the ' autocrat , ' of the _frozsn _regionB , is not all powerful . ' Tell' will find many an imitator , whose proudest triumph was , that he crushed a tyrant . Bruce shall bs glorified in bold successors to his energy and love for
fatherland . Baanockburn will be enacted in all its scenes of heroic chivalry , and a sword will yet be wielded that will sever in twain cursed _dominion . Wars of aggression there will be none , they roust ceaseand the O'Connors of the day mil triumph in their lessons of democracy and self-reliance . There was a meeting beld here , last week , te forward the preparations for collecting money for the * O'Connell monument , ' bnt I hear nothine material was done , theattendance beim ? poor . On November 14 th there was a meeting at _Cashel for the purpose of 'tenant-right , ' bnt , as asuaJ , it was characterised by that tone oi craving servitnde that is sure to com madebut
maqd contempt . Speeches ' were , they were things of nonsense , spoken one thousand times before . The attendance was . pretty large , but , I thought I could notice a want of the enthusiasm which is a plentiful commodity at Irish assemblies . Yoa could notice an absence of spirit or determina tion also ol fixed purpose . There we _^ e a few rambling resolutions proposed by no less rambling orators , that aimed at everything and still at nothing . As usual , the priest took the precedence , but not so much as was their wont or ambition . On the whole , it wasnot a democraticmeeting of honest stalwart men , determined to risk their all or gain their
ob-There have teen murders perpetrated daily in this county those weeks _piut _^ Last Sunday week a fine young man , named Davitt , was shot , whilst running to a neighbour ' s house , from the rain , which was , at the time , occupied by tbe * Terries •'—a few days before , an unfortunate woman , a widow , was inhumanly murdered , fer no cause at all , save to prevent her from marrying a third time , —aad last Sunday night fortnight a man , named Bryan , I tbink , steward to John Dal ton Kellet , Esq , waa shot near this town , whilst going home in his master ' s carriage , accompanied by another peraon who also got his share of the shot . The military and police have got their work to do here , distraining for poor-rates—which are , in thisoarish of St Mary ' s , eight shillings and four the
pence to the pound—and escorting _provisisns to neighbouring towns . There , too . scarcely any employment , It is painful to see the great number of fine , strong-bodied , young men , who range our streets , seeking means to live , but finding cone ; offering themselves and their labour fora mere bit to eat , but refused . Oh ! such scenes as these are arguments for the Charter' and Repeal , which few could withstand . To see some of the finest men on earth _struggline with cold and hunger in rags , walking about , looking atthe produce of their country , each day leaving their shores to feed a » " > favoured race . . There was a fine estate in this county , the ( state of 'Sopnell , ' sold for £ 17 , 000 ; in May last , there were £ 22 , 500 offered for it . The Bumber of acres comprising it are 5 683 ; the nett yrarlv incom e , £ 943 . 10 s . 9 d- At a meeting of the Irish Coafedei _** _-
;Rmt^ Gentleman To Me The Other Day. Whe...
tion , last week , held | in Dublin , a suggestion was thrown out by Mr P . S . Barry , on the propriety of getting up Joint Stock Companies in every town , to push forward Irish manufacture . I hope they may _^ realised . You see O'Connor's steps are being looked to and , before long , will be walked in here . Z . T _O-[ If our correspondent favours ns with any further communications we must entreat him to write legibly , ihe above letter sorely tried our eyesight , and puzzled tbeprintere . —En . N , S . l
Hul I
HUl i
The Only Business In Both Houses Up To T...
The only business in both houses up to Tuesday , at four o clock , after the formal approval of the Speaker by the lords Commissioners on Friday , was the swearing In of members . Oa Saturday , lord J . Bussell and several other members of tbe ministry were sworn . On Monday Sir B . Peel made his appearance for the first time this session . The right honourable bar-. net advanced to the table to be sworn , _ and having taken the oath , he was asked by the clerk for his declaration of qualification , when much _amasement was created b y his feeling in his pocket for the required document and not finding It . He , however , hurried from the house , and shortly returned with the
necessary declaration ia his _hnnd . H » vlng delivered it in , he signed the parliamentary roll , shook hands with the Speaker , and left the house . Mr T . S . Duneombe was also swora in on the Same day , and Lord Ashley , the new member for Bath , in place of Mr Roebuck , to » k _theonths and his seat . Among the new members who excited some attention , were W . J . Fox , G . Thompson , Mr _Macgregor , the late Secretary to the Board of Trade , member for Glasgow , and well known by hia writings ; aod Mr D . Urqnliart , famous in the annals of Chartism , for se . _dueiBgsome ot its professed advocates into a lecturing crusade against the Russian policy and ambition , on which subject he bas a mania . It appears that . Mr Cowan , who displaced Mr Macaulay at _Edinburgh , is not qualified , and tbat there wiil cen ° equtntly be another run for the vacant seat of' Modern Athens '
A * , the morning _sitting of Tuesday , Mr P . O'Connor , Mr Cobden , Lord Q . Bentlnsk , Sir J . _Graham , 3 . Hume , and 3 . O'Connell , took the oaths .
HOUSE OF L 0 BD 9 . TcESDAT . — -The Imperial Parliament was this day opened by Commission for the dispatch of business , with the usual formalities . The hour appointed for tht Commission was two o ' clock , but as' early as twelve o ' clock the usual search was made by the officers of the Lord Chamberlain and the House of Lords , in order to guard their Lordships from the danger of anotbir Ounpowdei Plot . Tbe _pv . _'cc-edinus consequent upon tbe opening oi Parliament attracted comparatively little interest , partly in consequence of its being known for some days pasi
that it was not the intention of Her llnjesty to open tl house in person , asd partly from the unfavourable eta ' of tbe weather . When the galleries of tbe House < Lords _** ere opened at one o clock there was a very fa sprinkling of ladles oa the back benches of bnl sides of tbe house . The scene was by no means brilliant as on the occasions wben her Majesty com ' down to the house in state . The greater portion < the ladies wore bonnets , and with tha exception of tl _CsmmiasionerB , who were in tbeir state robes , all tl Peers preient were in plain dress .
The Commons having been summoned shortly aftei two o'clock , the Speaker , attended by a great number o : members , , appeared at the bar , when the Marquis ol Lansdowne , as senior Lord Commissioner , read tbe ful lowing speech : — Mt Lobds and Gentlemen , 1 Her Majesty has ordered us to declare to you thi causes which have induced her to call Parliament to gethet atthe present time , - HerMajesty has seen with great concern the dlstres which has for some time prevailed among tbe commer cial classes . The embarrassments of trade were at om period _aggravated by so general a feeling of distrust ant of alarm , that Her Majesty , for the purpose ef restoring confidence , authorised her Ministers to recommend t < the Directors of the Bank of England a course of pro ceeding suited to such an _emergency . This _coursi might have led to an Infringement ofthe law .
' Her Majesty hss great satisfaction in being able ti inform yon that tbe law haB not been infringed ; that thi alarm has subsided , asd that the pressure on the banking and commercial interests has been mitigated . The abundant harvest with which this country . hai been blessed has alleviated the evils which , always se company a want ef employment in the mannfacturinj districts . 1 Her Majesty bas , however , to lament the _recurrent of severe distress in some parts of Ireland , owiag to th ' scarcity of the usual food of the people . ' Her Majesty trusts that tbis distress will be materi ally relieved by the exertions which have been made ti carry into effect theiaw ofthe last session of _Pn ' rliamen for tbe _'upjtort of tbe destitute poor . Her _Majesty ha learnt with satisfaction that landed proprietors hai taken advantage of the . means placed at their disposa for the improvement of land _.
'Her Majesty laments that in some counties of Irelam atrocious crimes have been committed , and a spirit of in subordination has manifest : _< * itself , leading to an brga niied resistance to legal rights . ' The Lord Lieutenant has employed with vigour am energy-the means which tbc law places at hia disposal ti detect _tffenders _. and to prevent the repetition of offences Her Majesty feels it , however , to be her duty to be peaceable and well-disposed _subjects to ask the assist ance o Parliament in taking lurther precautions _azuins tViB _perpetration ei crime in certain countieB and dis tricts In _Irelani . ' Her Majesty views with the deepest anxiety and in terest the present condition of Ireland , and she recom mends to the consideration of Parliament measure wbicb , with due regard to . the rights of property , may ad ¦ _vance the social _condition of the people , and tend < o tn permanent improvement of that part of tho Uuitei Kihgdom .
' Her _Majestj has seen with great concern tbe break ing out of civil war in Switzerland . ' ' Her Majesty is in communication with her Allies oi this subject , and has expressed her readiness to use , ii _conc-rt with tbem , her friendly influence for the pur pose of restating to the Swiss Confederation thc bless _ings of peace . - Her Majesty looks with _confidence to the maintcn ance ofthe general peace of Europe . * Her Majesty has concluded with tbe Republic of tbi Equator a treaty for tke suppression of the slave trade Her _Mnjesty has given directions that this treaty shouli be laid before you . Gentlemen » f the Hodse of Commons , Her Majesty has given directions that tbe estimate ! for the next year should be prepared for the purpose 01 being laid before you . They will he framed with a _carc < ful regard to the exigencies of tbe publio service . Mr Loans snd Gentlemen .
• Her Majesty recommends to the consideration of Par . _llament the laws which regulate the navigation of the united kingdom , with a view to ascertain whether any changes can be adopted which j without danger to our maritime strength , may promote the commercial and colonial interests of the empire . * Her Majesty haB thought 61 to appoint a _Cetnmlsslon to report on the best means of improving tbe health of the metropolis , and Her Majesty recommends to your earnest attention such measurer * as will he laid before you relating to the public health . ' Her Majesty bas deeply sympathised with the suffer _, ings which afflict the labouring classes in the manufacturing _dlttrlots in Great Britain , and in many parts of Ireland ; and has observed with admiration tbe patience with which these sufferings have been generally borne .
'The distress which bas lately prevailed among the commercial classes has affected many important branches of the revenue . But Her Majesty trusts that the time is not distant when , under the blessing of Divine Provl . dence , the commerce and Industry of the nnited king _, dom , will have resumed their wonted activity . ' The Commons having left , their Lordships adjonrned till Are o ' clock , when the business was resumed The Earl o f _YiBBoaovon proposed tbe address in answer to the speech , which was , as usual , a mere echo of tbat document . The speech of the noblo mover , and ofthe Earl of Elphinstone _, who seconded the adoption of the address , consisted of merely a brief running commentary on the _sevetal . topics embraced ln tbe Royal speech . Oh tbe question being put
Lord Stanley rose , and after stating that he had looked to tbs Speech la rain , for an explanation of the causes wby Parliament had been called together so early , proceeded to comment on the stateof the times , and _thelangusge employed in tbe Speech , with reference both to our domestic affairs , and our foreign policy . ' Never , ' ' said his lordship , 'Since I have had a seat in parliament , a period now of nearly _fire-and-twenty years , never do 1 recollect a period when the minister of the crown bas had to point to a political horizon , so clouded —so devoid of a single point to which we can look for a gleam of sunshine ! Look , my lords , at the Speech . The reference to foreign _affiir *—short , brief , and _uuimpor tant as It Is—expresses the ' concern' with which ber Majesty regards tbe state of Switzerland . Theparngraph
respecting things at home sets forth her Majesty ' s deep sympathy in the ' sufferings ' which -ffliet the labouring classes of Great Britain , and states the admiration ofthe ' _pitfenca' with which those sufferings have been borne . ( Hear , hear ) Turning to our commercial relations , her Majesty ' s' concern' is again expressed at the _prev-lence of a distress among the commercial body , which cannot bnt affect otber classes ot the community . Htr Majesty then 'laments' the recurrence of severe distress io Ireland —' laments' the _atrocious crimes which have been commuted— -laments' the spirit of insubordination wbicb has been manifested . _Hi-r Majesty expresses ( aad well she may ) her'deep anxictv ' at the present condition of the sister country , htr ' appreiunston / ber 'concern / her
' lamentations ' over thestate of trade , her 'lamentations ' over the state of Ireland , her 'lamentations' over a system of insubordination which is characterised as tending to atrocious crimes . Why , my lerds , can I _findlangusge too strong , or terms too unmeasured , to describe a state of things so . frightful and so unparalleled ? ( Cheers . ) Where is tha point to which her Moj-sty ' s government desired as to look for congratulation or witbbope 1 There aro "lamentation - ' for the past—' anxieties' for the present— 'apprehensions' for the future . Never , surely , was there a time when it was more essential to the nation that the councils of the crown should be swayed by men foreseeing Into futurity—capable ef appreciating the •[ gne and symptoms of the times—strong-minded enough
The Only Business In Both Houses Up To T...
o lay down and follow their own course of action without consulting others—( Loud opposition cheerlngj—capable of divining the causes instead of etating the consequences Of _mlsfortun _* . _* , and able boldly and broadly to lay down a _rtmedy , with the assurance that their position is so established tbat they may throw themselves or the patriotism ofthe country , secure ofthe forbearance—nay , even of the assistance—of political opponeats . { Much cheering . ) Never was there a ' time when , forgetful of every party condition , a legislature more required tofiad a government In power which it could conscientiously support—never was there a time when a people more required an administration capable of taking the lead in au effort to save the _ceuntry .. ( Repeated cheers . ) . With reference to tbe commercial panic , tbere could be no
donbt that , If not entirel y _coused _. it has been greatly ' aggravated by the Bank Act of 1814 _, > nd he called upon the government to say whether a measure which was Inoperative in fine weather , but when the moment of difficulty oame , fearfully augmented the evils of tbe crisis , was to be maintained . Pawing from this point fo a review of the Free Trade polioy of late sessions , his lordship said : ' Now , my lords , ns it has been stated that there is now universal distress , ond more especially great commercial distress , I have a right to ask whence _dsea all this distress arise f The noble earl says that it bas _ari-eu partly from the . undue investing of commercial capital in _railvtays . But I cannot help _expressing my surprise that one who undertook to move an answer to the Speech from tbe throne should have admitted that the
distress is owing _partly to the importation , within nine months , of about 10 , 008 , 000 quarters of Corn . ( Cheers . ) Two years ago I was laughed at by Lord Brougham lor observing that at periods when there was no _estraordinary demand for foreign corn , and wben prices ruled _troderate in England , we might expect an annual importation of about 4 , 008 , 000 quarters . The noble earl now admits that there has been an importation of 10 , 000 , 000 quarters , and ho attributes tbe commercial distress of the country mainly to the largeness of the sum which we have had to send abroad . I must say tbat from a supporter of her Majesty ' s government this is a valuable _adailsaion . The event has in n remarkable manner verified the anticipations which land my friend * ventured to entertain , and falsified the predictions of advantage
which were put forth wiih great confidence as to the result ofa large importa tion of foreign corn . ( Chetrs . ) 1 have had sent to me , by post , a copy of a letter publiskeil by Mr Cobden , In 1841 , in which he said , that if we had Free Trade there would not be an operative _unemployed , not a spinner standing still , not a millowncr who would not earnestly seek / or h & n '' s at increased wage * . ( Laughter . ) _Ntw mills were to be built , new populations to arise , and everything advantageous was to be secured by the removal of tbe accursed monopoly established by the Corn Laws . Now we bave had an importation of foreign corn to an extent which tbe most _san . guine supporters of Free Trade never dreamt o _' , and the result has been what we predicted — the exports b _» ve been exports ol bullion ; and this must go on until , by
dint of low wages aud hard working , you are able to force your manufactured goods , in spite of hostile tariff ' , on already glutted markets . So fur from tbe mills being crowded , there was never a period when bo nuny mills were standing still , so many nvn were upon Short time , tbere never was a period when wages bad fallen so low , or when there was witnessed so signal a discomfiture , coming lo crush and to blast the anticipations tf mere theorists , who thought themselves wiser than ail the world besides . ( Cheers . ) My lords , this alone doeB not , however , account for the present distress . It iB your home market which has chiefly failed you , ( Hear , hear . ) Tbe people have been compolled to export their earnings for foreign corn , and they have , in consequence been unable to expend them > n
the manufactures of tbis country ; and in a shorter time than I . anticipated has it been proved by experience and fact tbat the foreign market for our manufactured goods , great as it is , is comparatively insignificant when weighed in the balance with the borne market . Now , my lords , I do not . attribute the whole' of the commercial distress of this country to the repeal of the Corn Laws , or to those measures Of Free Trade which have recently beeH passed ; bnt I say that the failure of the crops of England hss anticipated the result of the repeal ofthe Corn Laws ,: by leading to tbat which is acknowledged to have been the object of repealing the Corn Law » , a large importation ef foreign in substitution for British corn ; and the _consequenco has been , to prove tbat such importation , while
ruinous to the farmers , is not advantageous or profitable , but , on the contrary , injurious to the manufacturers of tbis country . My lords , I take , leave to say that these commercial difficulties and embarrassments have been _aggravated by the restrictive Bank Act of 1844 . I agree with tbe noble earl who opened the discussion , tbat tbe great want haB been , not a want of . realised wealth , but of an exchangeable medium in which all parties can place confidence , and wbich moy he supplied if ihe Bank be enabled to grant , npon approved security , tbat temporary accommodation which would be tbe means of oiling the wheels of commerce , and preventing the mn . chine from standing still . ' Lord Stanley then referred to the state of Ireland , which he declared to be worse than that of civil war . One by one the beet members of
society fell victims toa gyiUm of assassination , and it waa now an admitted fact thatit was safer In that island to violate than to obey tbe law . The Romish priesthood , too , instead of denouncing this horrid system , aided and abetted in It . The time was come for prompt and effectual _mea-urcs , and he called on the government in the name of civilisation , to introduce them instantly _. After commenting on that part of . tbe Speech which _touched on . the Swiss question , and entreating tbe government to interfere as little as _possible in the internal affairs of foreign countries , he observed on the absurdity of giv ' iDg the petty state of Equator a place in tha Speech , while all mention of our West Indian colonies was omitted . Ho then concluded , amidst load cheer ? , with bu assurance to the government tbat they might reckon
on his cordial support in all measures which concerned the vital intere > ts of _thetmuire _. The Marquis of Lansdowne defended tbe commercial policy of the goveinment , and denied that they had violated the Bank Charter Act , for all that they had done was to tell the Bank that , in their opinion as individuals , it would he justified In pursuing tbe course it had since adopted . It was open to tbe Bank to take or to reject that advice , and to follow the law or to disobey , it as they pleased , relying upon the view which Parliament , Inthe latter case , might take of tbe course tuej had selected _. With regurd to Ireland , though the orderly be .
iiaviour < f tbe mass of the people under tbeii privations was most laudable , still it was not to be supposed tbat the abominable crimes which disgraced some _couutifs could be tolerated , and he was , therefore , rejoiced to hear that tbe government might reckon on the noble lord ' s support In tbe attempts which they might feel it necessary to make for tbe security of life and property in Ireland . After referring to some otber points touched en in Lord _Stanleys 6 peech , the noble lord sat down , expressing a hope that commerce would speedily Sow back into its accustomed channels , and tbat the people would again find themselves in ( he possession of all the bles . _iiijis of prosperity .
Lord _Asbbdbton condemned the Bank Act of 1844 . As an experiment it had signally failed ; and if tbe go . vernment persisted in maintaining it , they would la ; themselves open . to the charge of wilful blindness , and indifference to popular opinion . Lord Bbougium praised tbe government for calling : _Parliament together so soon , and expressed his hope that stringent coercive measures would be adopted towards Ireland . Lord Roden described the uncertainty of life in Ireland .
Earl FiTZWiltiAM Baid , that they ought not to look only at tbe crimes committed by the people , but at the d _' _atms tliey _endumU _Remedial measures wrrnmore necessary than coercive ones . They should feed the people , until tbey had raised thtm from the slough Into which bad legislation bad thrown tbem . Burl Obey thought it was not expedient to encourage the people of Ireland to expect auy more assistance from _tliis country . Tbey must in future depend more _t-pon themselves , The address wns then agreed to , and after re electing the Earl of Shaftesbury to the _office of chairman ofcom . _raittees , their lordships adjourned .
HOUSE , OF COMMONS . Previous to the commencement of the debs' eon the address , notices of tho following motions were given . Railways . —The _Chancellloe of tbe _Excueqdee ( ave notice that on Friday , he should move for leave to bring in a bill to extend tbe time for tlie purchase of lands n quired for the completionof railway works ; aHd that on ihe same day he sbould more tho appointment ot a committee to consider the railway bills of _tliisses . sion . The same right hon . gentleman gave notice that on Tuesday he should move for a committee to inquire into the causes of the recent commercial distress , and howfar that distress was affected bythe _lawregulat-ngthe Issue of Bant _notespayat'la on demand . COEBCIOH BILL . —Sir G . Out gave notice that en
[ onday , the 29 th inst ,, he should more for leave to ring In a bill for tbe better prevention of crimes and outigcB in certain parts of Ireland . _Rbpbal or _ini : Uhion . —Mr F . O'Cohnob gare noce that on Tuesday , tke 7 th of December , he should _tove tbat a seleot committee he appointed to inquire ud report on the means by wbich the Parliament of -eland was dissolved , the effects which that event pro * need upon the state of Ireland , as well upon the labourreengaged in husbandry as on those employed in lanufacturers , as also its effects on the agriculturists ad operatives of England , together with the probable _^ sequences to the United Kingdom at large ofa connuance of the legislative union between the ( no couu . les .
_IinrescnMENT or _Yiboodki Pii . MEBSToii .--Mr O Anstey gave notice for an early day to move for a num ber Of papers , connected with _the _admbisTration ofthe foreign affairs ofthis country frem the year 1829 down to the present time ; the intention being to illustrate cer . tain charges of high crimes and misdemeanors , which it was his Intention to br ng against tbe noble lord , the _treeent Secretary for Forei gn Affairs . ( Laughter . ) ¦ Thi AM » eas _.--Mr _Hetwood moved tbe address upon the speeeh . He lamented that he could nat congratulate the houg _« : oniho flourishing condition of the country . 1 I _« attributed tbe existing _depresulon to the enarmou * amount of railroad speculations , on which- _£ 1 C 1 , 000 , 000 bad been already expended , and for which £ 138 , 000 , 000 more were now required . There must also be added the dt Achat harvest of last year , the failure of the potato crop , the deficUncy of the supply of cotton , theover . _speeulatlon ot many East Indian houses , and _^ _aiso the over-speculation
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_____ . ___ ___ mmmmmmmmmm : _^ mmmmmm _ _aLnm t _ mtm 0 _^ m in corn , la consequence of tbe conjoint operation ot these causes a panic , In the commercial world had taken place , and money could not be f 6 UBd for Ibe ordinary discount of bills , lii the midst of thatpanio Lord J . _Ras-ell flnd ' SJr C . Wood had nccmuended the directors o f the Bunk of England to enlarge their discounts ; and he believed that if _sncTa measure hod not been adopted , tbe mischief would have been _rom-bgreator than it had actually provid to be . The letter of tha 25 th ol October had restored public confidence ; and he
was . happy to say that yesterday the Bank had reduced its discounts lo seven per cent , and that tbere was every prospect thatit would soon bu able . to return to l ; g usual terms of monetary accomodation . After advert _, ing to tbe views for _Sigorous measures of repression' for Ireland , the favourable _pror-pecta of our foreign relations , the necessity of an examination into tbe Navigation Laws , and of providing better arrangements to meet the approach ofthe cholera , be concluded I y describing the sufferings of tbe woi king classes in the manufacturing district * , and the patience with which they bore them ; Mr 8 _baito Adair seconded the address snd followed
In the same strain on the same topic . / Mr Gbattan said . be was compelled by an imperative sense of duty to object to the address which had juBt been proposed . He thought tbat there were otber and better means of probing the wounds of _Irelukd tban by tho sol * dlei ' _s bayonet . Ho reprobated the utrocious Crimea which bad been m-FDtl y . jp , _rpetrated in Inland , and felt that he waB stripped ' JBf half ibe armour which he ought to wear in defence of his country , by tha Jtadly weapons wielded by some of its unworthy sons . The members for Ireland were not of opinion that enough had been done to relieve tha distress of Ireland . They _dM not think that the Poor Law had answered—they knew tUt It bod _failed—tbey wtre aware that six boards of guardians _hed either resigned , or bt en superseded—they believed that theproperty of Ireland was gone ; and , thereforo , they were determined to propose an amendmentcaliiog for further relief , He then gave the house a glowing picture of
the distress which now prevailed in Ireland , attributing it partly to ab-entriic-m . partl y to the tj _clmontsvstem , but priv , cipally to thc Onion , He wished to see a solid _vraion between Great Britain and Ireland—not on union between wealth and poverty , productive of no _nmalua _. nation between the two countries—not a mere parch _, ment union-bat an union of hearts and interests . Af . ter alluding to tho overthrow efSir It . Peel's govt rnment , because he had Introduced coercive measures without any measures of n ' Hcf , he told _tuemtmbere of the present administration that he would give thtm a coercive act now , provided that they would limit it to the o . un . tics in which outrages were committed , and would accompany it with some large and _remediel measure . Ho concluded a speech of tome length , by moving aa amendment declaratory of the necessity incumbent upon government to devise immediate measures to av . rt pestilence and famine from a large number of her _Majest * ' s suMtctB in Ireland .
Mr Bocde rose undor feelings of great shame and humiliation to address the honse on this cccasion . Ho wss obliged to admit that the state _ofagrsr-an -rimeia six counties of Ireland was far worse tban any description of it which had yet appeared in the public _prrss . Tbe state of poverty and social disorganisation waa frightful to a degree— -it wng not a war ot class _against class , tut it was a complete state of social anarchy . It wan , therefore , an occasion on _nhicb the _seconder of tbe address should propose something more tban 'he mere _vulvar expedient of the bayonet , Yes , _coercion was a vulgar expedient , and perfectly futile , as had been proved by the experience ol centuries . He thin pro * cerded to trace the prevalence of crime in Ireland to threo causes : —1 st . The universal _poverty and distress of tho people ; 2 il ) y , the unfortunate state of the relations between landlords and tenants ; and 3 dly , _misjtovernment , not only in past Iim ** , but also in the present _cim " iucs of the Executive . He next vindicated the people of Ire *
land from the charge of being assassins and murderers , and denied that tbere was anything in the Celtic blood wbich rendered those in whose veins it _flowi'd prone to ) disorder and crime , He , tbtrefore could not accede to any Coercion Bill , until tbe _govtrumentb & d first inquired into the social evils of the country , nnd had afterwards done its best to rrmedy tbem . He thought that the ex * _isting law was sufficient to meet tbe present outrages , if that law were systematically and effectively enforced , whicb as yet it . sever had been by the present govern * ment . After _showinjr tbet the system of judicial _trials * in Ireland was ineffective , that the police system waft equally inoperative , and that the _management of ther executive department of government in Dublin wns very defective , he called on the government and parliament to do justice to Ireland by settling ( he existing rt- ' ationa between landlords and tenants , by feeding the starring-, hy not letting tbe population die of want , and by _r--or . g » nising the executive government in Ireland ,
_ifr'DBCHSfoxD called upoa tbe ministers to putin force ) tbeir repeated promises to Ireland , and jco longer sup * port an Established Church in that country wbich was only tbe church of tbe ministry . Sir 6 . Gan objected to the amendment , as _emVody * ing the dangerous and degrading principle of constant and exclusive dependance upon the government , when aU classes of the Irish people Bhould be taught the principle of self-reliance . The Poor Law had not proved ) so . utterly inoperative in Ireland as some honourable members had hastily assumed . He could not consent tbat tbe bouse should now pledge itself—as the amend * ment called upon It to do—to do everything for tho people of Ireland by holding out to them the hopes of permanently receiving that assistance from thia country wbich was readily accorded them in a time ot dressing necessity . Whenever extraneous oid sbould bo
necessary , the government would make a judicious use I of the means already placed at its disposal by _Parlia ment . He did not foresee , however , that there would be any necessity for a further application for money for this purpose . As to tbe crimes which bad been alluded to as prevalent in Ireland , tUe government were in post session of no information whi-h justified the belief tbat they were universal . Cn the contrary , they were on !*) confined to a few districts of the ' country . The question of landlord and tenant had earnestly engaged the atten * tion of the Lord . Lieutenant , and it wns the present intention ef the government to submit , at as early a day as possible , a measure to Parliament on that _snb . ject . As to the Poor Law be hoped tbat honourable ) members would suspend their _judgments until the in . formation was laid before th « n which the Poor Law board would shortly supply , and concluded by urging Mt Grattan to withdraw his amendment .
Mr Jouh _O'CoHKEH saw no necessity for _w-itina for any further information before recording his condemns * tion of the Poor Liw as utterly inadequate to the task assigned it , unless accompanied hy some large ancillary legislative _measures fur tbe relief and susteuance cf tho people . The condition of Ireland was now worsu than it was this time last year , and he regretted to tee no measures of relief foreshadowed by the government to alleviate tbe unprecedented destitution which now ex * isted . Unless _V-me such measures were promised and ) carried out , h » could not consent to arm thc government with extraordinary powers for the _suppressl . n of crime iu Ireland . The object of the amendment was to draw from the government some specific declaration ng to such
measures , and be trusted tbe house would accede to It . It was for attempting to carry a _Coercion Bill , without laying the axe to the root of tbe tree ' of _Msh grievances , tbot Sir B . Peel was turned out of office ; and what were tho present _jovernment bow bent upon but a polity identically the same with that which hurled _thtlr predecessors from _tleir posts . He cautioned the government to remember their own declaration , eighteen months sgo , that coercion was at an end , ond that justice was to be done to Ireland . They now proposed to act in the _tseth of tbeir declarations , by throwing themselves once more upon coercion , after having refrained for eighteen months from doing one act of that justice to Ireland concerning which they were so eloquent in
opposition . Sib B , Hall believed that after Sir G . Grey ' s , p > -rch tbe amendment would have been withdrawn but for tho speixh of the hon . memVr who had jast sat down . Ho would ask that bon . member what he bad u ' one for the people ef Ireland . ( Hear , hear ) Thc Engli . h p . opla had sent over eight or ten millions sterling to nlieve their distress , and that in mense sum bad 1 " cn prompily and cheerfully _granted . The member for Kilkenny held a distinguished position among his ci . _untiyimn _, and instead of doing any thing practical to relieve thoir < li _» tr ss , he had sanctioned the use of _laneuBga towards tlum of
the most inflammatory nature . ( Hear , hear . ) _Lnnguega inciting to niurdtr and assassination hnd been used in his presence , and that , too , by high dignitaries in his own churcb , and be hBd not , ly word or gesture , reproved that language . ( Hear , hear . ) The hon . numxbir had said that before coercion bills should pass , he would fall a viciai on the floor ofthe House of Commons . No wonder , _thsn , it the hon . memoir sbould oppose such measures , if it only wero to retard his own immolation . ( Laughter . ) Let the houf _> e only see into wbat state Ire * land bas been _brought by tbe agitation going on in that country . One repeal association was bad enough , but now there were no less than four . He had no hesitation
in saying that the scheme _t-. f repeal carried on by seme of tbem frem year to year , without ever coming to at' ? . * hing , was one of tho greatest political humbugs that had ever been perpetrated . ( Uear , bear , ) He verily b < -liev .-d that had it not been for tbe motion placed on tbe paper by tbe hon , member for Nottingham ( Mr F . O'C nnor ) , the question of repeal would have been allowed to pass over this year as it had In former years . ( Heor , hear . ) But for that nv tlon he had made op bis mind to put a _quejtion which should put repeal ot once upon its merits before the Home of Commons . ( Hear , her . ) He believed that with tbe hon . member for Kilkenny it was a a mere /« c >» ei « fH . rler . He _remtmbered to have heard a _man-whom ha admitted to have been one of the great . honnnd learned
est of his day , he meant the Ute . -mm . bar for Ork ( Mr _* 0 . _O'ConnelJ-state that he weuld _Uy hU head upon the block if repeal were not carried within ' Biertlons were made , still the same humbug carried on in tho face of the people of Ireland . The hon . baronet proceeded to rnnmerato tloal associations now eiUtlng in Ireland speeches of the bon . member for Kilkenny Fn two or three of those speeches , the hon vowed to die on the floor of tbe House of fore he permitted a Coercion Bill to pats he ( Sir B . Hall ) ' conld say was , tbat if trophe should happen his hon . fri nd , Finsbury , would be in readiness to held Inquiry . ( Hear , and laughter . ) Ha was a class of men ia Ireland— h * meant
(Hear, Hear >-< Tbe Four Vdi.Y__ , Andfb...
( Hear , hear _> - < tbe four vdi . _y __ , _andfB f _uqfft _^ made-IB W 9 _& . me _tMcijWg _^ Comm _^ O' _^; for Ireland . p _^ i ' _"' each aW _a _^ _s _* - * _, the meni _& rW ' tbe _ncefs- > _- \ y . / believed _tha- Ur _^ SY the _^ _BflB ' ( Hear , hea _*? ---r * _j | T _*» - > o tbe four ]* - » _C _^ _JHJ r # , and _£ / uole _^ f _^ , made-IB kft $ _& A <•• , _^ » . _ffi- _% s » _W _lrelwdM _^^ T puch _aW _» _hr--r > "" _fi- _XV ie _DenttcrW j _i _^ . - . _^ _' i tbe _nejfpssHij ;/ . " {;•'*• _> ¦ . ») , md tht _^ fef * : _;^;^ _mt the _^ S _^^^ _^*<*" * i ' - _^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 27, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_27111847/page/7/
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