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Northern Star (1837-1852), 4th January 1845, Edition 4 of 4, Page 2

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    • ThcfoT.lou .ing Booh" arc published at the Northern Star office, 340, Strand, and may be had of all Booktellers and News Agents.
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      Of The World" If Foreigners Werehonesty....

      Thcfot.Lou .Ing Booh" Arc Published At The Northern Star Office, 340, Strand, And May Be Had Of All Booktellers And News Agents.

      ThcfoT . lou . ing Booh" arc published at the Northern Star office , 340 , Strand , and may be had of all Booktellers and News Agents .

      Ad00207

      Complete in one Vol ., neatly Bound in Cloth , A PRACTICAL "WORK OX SMALL FARMS . Price Two Shillings and Sixpence . _nr _FEAEcrs o ' coxxor , esq . THE desire of the author has been to furnish a valuable compendium at such a price as would enable very working man to become possessed of it . It contains all the practical instructions , together with Plates , _describing Farm-house , Offices , Tank , Farm-yara , & c . with particular information requisite for carrying out all the operations . K . B . —The above work may still he procured in num . 6 ers , price 6 d . each .

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      Also , Price Fourpence each , Xumbers I and II of THE STATE OF TRELASD . By _Aethde O'Connob . _2 fo man can understand the position of Ireland , or the Xiearing of Irish questions , who is not conversant with this jexfect picture of Ireland ' s condition , the causes of her ¦ _degradation , and the remedies for her manifold evils .

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      Alio , price 2 j . Gd ., Second Edition , A SERIES OF LETTERS FROM FEARGUS 0 _'COX-2 TOR , ESQ ., BARRISTER AT LAW , TO DANIEL _CCONNELL , ESQ ., M . P . Containing a review of Mr . _O'ConnelTs conduct during fee agitation of the question of Catholic Emancipation together with an analysis of Ms motives and actions since be became a Member of Parliament The whole forms a Complete key to the political actions of Mr . O'Connell , and reconciles all the apparent contradictions in the acts of one of the greatest agitators of the present da v . This edition contains the confirmation of 3 . Attwood , Esq ., ' of the principal charge brought by Mr . O'Connor 4 gainst Mr , O'ConnelL

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      All persons desirous of completing their sets of the ZtAXCAST £ R TRIALS , may yet do so , as a few copies 4611 remain 0 u hand .

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      Price Sixpence . THE GRAMMATICAL TEXT BOOK , for the use of Schools . By Wm . Hill , author of "The Rational School Grammar , " " Fifteen Lessons on the Analogy and Syntax of the English Language , for the use of adult persons who have neglected the study of Grammar , " "The Complete English Expositor , " Ac . Ac . Price One Shilling . PROGRESSIVE EXERCISES , selected with great Care , and adapted to the Rules and Observations respectively contained in his Fifteen Lessons on the Analogy and Syntax of the English Language , and hi his Rational School Grammar . ByWiLHru ,. Third edition , revised and corrected .

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      Price Two Shillings . FIFTEEN LESSONS on the ANALOGY and SYNTAX of the ENGLISH LANGUAGE , for the use of adult persons who have neglected the study of Grammar . By Wm . Hux . Fifth edition , revised and amended . "A competent Grammatical knowledge of our own language is the true basis on which all literature ought to rest . "—Sishoj > Lorctii . May be had at the office of the Northern Star , 840 , Strand , and of aU booksellers and news-agents .

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      UNDER ROYAL PATRONAGE . INSTANT relief and rapid cure of Asthma and Consumption , and all disorders of the Breath and _Inngs , is insured by DR . LOCOCK'S PULMONIC "WATERS . Bead the following extract of a letter from Mr . Lynch , chemist , Market-street , Manchester : — Oct . 22 nd , 1844 . Gentlemen , —I enclose you a letter received from a party who has derived great benefit from Dr . Locock ' s ¦ Wafe rs . I have uo doubt if you were to advertise them in this town , the sale would be considerable , as we are constantly receiving testimonials of their efficacy . Iain , Ac J . R . LYNCH .

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      EQUAL RIGHTS AND EQUAL LAWS FOR ALL ! TIIE NATIONAL REFORMER , and Manx Review of British , Irish , and Foreign Affairs . A Weekly Journal of Politics , Literature , and Science , devoted to the Instruction and Emancipation of the Industrious Orders . Price only Twopence-halfpenny . Being the cheapest Political Journal in the Kingdom . N . B . The " National Reformer" is published regularly every week in time to reach all parts of the country by post , on or before Saturday . It circulates in every county of England and Wales , in most of the Scottish counties , and in all the principal towns of the United Kingdom . Office , 32 , North Quay , Douglas , Isle of Man , where all communications are-to be addressed .

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      Published on the loth of each month , post free , THE TRUTH SEEKER ; devoted to free discussion on the important subjects of Temperance , the Water-Cure , Physiology and Health , Chemistry , Education , National and Social Economy , Mental and Moral Philosophy , the Wine Question iu relation to Teetotalism and the Sacrament , and other controverted subjects of interest and importance . The _Tecth Seekek is started on perfectly independent principles , unshackled by interest or party , and conducted without fear or favour . Its columns are open to all communications on the subjects of which it treats , written in a fair and philosophic spirit , whether for or against the doctrines of its conductor . The motto of the editor is that of M . Antoninus—* ' I seek after iegtu , by which no man ever vet was injured . "

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      EXTRAORDINARY ! NEW CASES ' . ! Attesting that there is health for all . HOLLO WAY'S PILLS . An astonishing cure of a confirmed Liver Complaint . MRS . MARY SANDFORD , residing in Leather-lane , _Holborn , London , had been labouring under the effects of a diseased Liver , which produced Indigestion , Sick Head Ache , Dimness of Sight , Lowness of Spirits , Irritability oft Temper , Drowsiness , Occasional Swellings of the Body and Legs , with General Weakness and Debility . She attended the Hospitals , at different periods , for about three years , but she only got worse instead of better , and her recovery at last appeared quite hopeless ; but notwithstanding the very had state of her health , she was , in about two months , restored to perfeet health by the means alone of this all-powerful and efficacious _Medicine—Holloway's Pills .

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      It OWLAND'S ODONTO , OR PEARL DENTIFRICE . \> Patronised by Her Majesty " The Queen , " the Royal Family , and the several Sovereigns and Courts of Europe . A fragrant White Powder , prepared from Oriental Herbs of inestimable virtue , for preserving and beautifying the

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      GREAT MEDICAL BOON . HEALTH , 8 TBESGTH , HIT . THE true and long enjoyment of health maybe secured for all the afflicted by the use of the oldest , best tried , and most successful remedy of the age—DR . _MAINWARCfG' 3 PILLS . Hearty two centuries ago , Mainwaring earned a fame _greater than Abenietby by Iris rapid and certain cures of all these afflicting complaints , which arise from derangement of that vital organ , the Stomach , such nslndigesion _, caasing Head-ache , Dimness of Vision , Giddiness , Fulness » t the Pit of the Stomach , Wind , Heartburn , Water Brash , and Difficulty of Swallowing . Costiveness , attended with Dryness of Skin , Flushes of Heat and Cold , and tendency to Apoplexy . Bilious Affections , having a tendency to Jaundice ; Palpitation of the Heart , with Swelling of Legs and tendency to Dropsv , Affections of the Lungs , with _shorty dry Cough , Phlegmj and tendency to Consumption .

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      CHOICE OF A SITUATION Domestic Bazaar , 320 , Oxford Street , _copter of lie-. pent C'irciw . WANTE D , for Large and SniaU Families , a number of FEMALE SERVANTS of every description , with straightforward characters . This demand is created through the arrangements being highly approved by the Nobility , Gentry , and the Public generally . Ladies are in attendance to engage Domestics from Ten to Five o ' clock daily . There are Rooms for waiting in to be hired ; not any charge made until engaged if preferred . To those who will take places of All Work no charge whatever . Servants from the country are much inquired for . There are always a few vacancies for Footmen and Grooms . N . B . Upon applying do not stand about the doors or windows unnecessarily .

      Ad00220

      EXTRAORDINARY BOOK . NOW READY , price One Shilling , " THE THREE IMPOSTORS , " translated ( with notes and iUustrations ) from the French edition of tho work published at Amsterdam , 177 G . This is the first and only edition of this celebrated and ancient book , ever published in the English language . In addition to the work , in its pages will be found "Disquisitions on the Book entitled ' The Three Impostors . '" By M . de la Monnoye , M . Pierre Frederic Arpe , author of an Apology for Banini , ifec , & c . The whole is printed in clear and beautiful type ; and may be had of Mr . Watson , 5 , Paul ' s Alley , London . The delay in publishing has been caused by the difficulty of procuring a printer . J . Myles , Overgate , Dundee , and all useful booksellers in Great Britain and Ireland .

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      THE NINTH EDITION . Just Published , price 2 s . Gd ., and sent free " enclosed in a sealed envelope , " on receipt _^ of a Post-office Order for Ss . Cd , MANLY VIGOUR . A POPULAR INQUIRY into tho CONCEALED CAUSES of its PREMATURE DECLINE ; with Instructions for its COMPLETE KESTORATION , addressed to those suffering , from the Destructive Consequences of Excessive Indulgence in Solitary aud Delusive Habits , Youthful Imprudence , or Infection ; terminating in mental and nervous debility , local or constitutional weakness , indigestion , _^ insanity , and consumption ; including a comprehensive Dissertation on MARRIAGE , with directions for the removal of Disqualifications , and remarks on the Treatment ' of Gonorrhoea , Gleet , Stricture and Syphilis . Illustrated with Cases , & c . BT . Q . J . LUCAS AND CO . CONSULTING SUBGEONSLONDON

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      Important Discussion On Free Trade At Ro...

      IMPORTANT DISCUSSION ON FREE TRADE AT ROTHERHAM . It was lately mentioned in the Star that the visit of the " League " to Rotherham bad been a " great ?' failure , notwithstanding the seductive elopence of the hon . member for Stockport . In order to "keep appearances , " and if possible prevent the public from getting into the secret , Mr . Falvey , decidedly the cleverest lecturer of the League , was specially sent for , from the South , to try his hand in removing those obstacles which Mr . Cobden found so very perplexing and obstructive . Application was made for the use of the British School and the Corn Exchange for the occasion , but both places were refused : and on Friday placards appeared announcing that Mr , Falvcy would deliver two lectures on Friday and Saturday , in the large room of the Three Cranes Inn . As tile

      whole of the proceedings had ken conducted with the greatest secrecy , and the placards not appearing till late m the day , the Chartists were taken by su _£ prise , not having time to make arrangements for a discussion in defence of their principles if it should become necessary . However , several attended the lecture as a corps of observation . At seven ' o ' clock Air . Falvey commenced his address , the room not being halt full ; he said his lecture that night would _beontheagi'iculturalpart of the question , and on the following night on the manufacturing part He then , atgreath length , gave a history of the various enactments respecting the admission of foreign com contending that as they had failed in _effecting the object their promoters had in view , that of _keeninc "P prices to a certain rate , they ought to be repealed Af ter the usual denunciation of the landlords , which

      Important Discussion On Free Trade At Ro...

      constitutes a considerable portion . , of tho sto 6 k-intrade of the Ldague lecturers , Mr . Falvey challenged discussion , saying he was prepared to meet any man on the following evening . Mr Lessons , a Chartist : " I accept your challenge , and w ill find a man to discuss with you . " Mr Falvey ' " v _' ery well ; I shall be happy to see him . " Several persons in the meeting cried out— " Who is he * let _ua know his name . " Mr . Lessons : . " It is Mr West , of Sheffield ; I dare say Mr . Falvey knows him well . " Mr . Falvey ; " 0 yes ; I have met Mr . West several times ; and since he is to be my opponent , on second consideration , I will deliver my lecture , and at the , close Mr . West may make what remarks he thinks proper . " On Saturday the Leaguers

      were very busy in mustering then- forces ; and we have been credibly informed that Mr . Badger , jun ., went round to tho different factories , requesting the foremen to induce their hands to attend and " put down the Chartists . " Shortly after seven o'clock Mr . Machin was called to the chair , who opened the business by observing that he should act with the strictest impartiality , and secure for all parties fair play . All he had to request was , that the various speakers would confine themselves to the question , and not indulge in personalities or individual recriminations . He then introduced Mr . Falvey , who commenced by observing that last evening lie had laid before them the history of the Corn Laws , and , he thought , clearly proved * that they were unjust in

      principle , and that to remove a positive injustice must be a positive good . Those laws were enacted at the point of the bayonet , and four years afterwards the bloody massacre of _Pcterloo was perpetrated by the bread-taxeis on the defenceless thousands who were assembled to petition for their repeal . But we lived now in more enlightened times ; and the support the League received from all classes of politicians was an earnest that better days were in store for the under-fed millions . It was " most surprising that the greatest opposition came from those who professed to be advocates of freedom . It was dimcult to conceive how those who advocated freedom in science and freedom in legislation , should oppose freedom in commerce . Mr . West , who was present that

      night to lend a helping hand to the monopolists , would , no doubt , explain it . They tell us that wc ought to have no connexion with foreigners ; but what , can we do without foreigners ? Mr . Addison , years ago , in the Spectator , had said that there was nothing indigenous to England but the wild plum and the wild apple . AH our necessaries , and even the arts and sciences , were of foreign origin ; and yet we are constantly told " stay at home , and never mind the foreign trade / ' What was the foreign trade but an extension of the home trade ? and how are we to judge of the merits of any question but by inductive reasoning ; from known facts . Let these _bawlers for freedom look at America . There the democrats have elected Polk as President , because he was for

      Free Trade . And if we looked back to the conduct of the great leaders of Radicalism in England , Cartwright , and Hunt , and Cobbett , they all opposed the accursed Com Laws : but of late a race of mushroom Radicals , calling themselves Chartists , led on by Feargus O'Connor , have leagued with the monopolists in limiting the supply of food . Lord _Mountcashel said the Corn Laws were necessary to enable the landlords to pay their marriage settlements ; and Mr . West was there that night to enable them to do so . The Chartists had made themselves the most contemptible party that ever appeared , by their divisiohs , their bitter hatreds , and denunciations of each otlier : and could they believe that a party torn to pieces by faction could effect any change , or induce

      any one to place confidence in their movements They were powerless , except now and then to offer a puny opposition to the League , But even that was fast fading away . The League were a powerful body ; and since their commencement never had a quarrel among themselves . The Northern Star , after living seven years in the country , had removed to the south ; still preserving its name , which was a misnomer . That paper had always endeavoured to make the working classes believe that cheap provisions meant low wages : now he would nut it to the working men present , whether , as provisions had lowered in iprice _, their wages had been reduced . ( Several voices , "My wages have been reduced . " ) He would not take isolated eases , but he would take the sense of the meeting on the subject .

      Mr . West : " In that case I propose that no person vote on the question but those who are actual workers and receive wages . " Mr . Falvey assented ; and this had the effect of making the j / _enrtemen keep their hands in their pockets . Mr . Falvey then put the question : "All who are of opinion that as the prices of provisions fall , wages are reduced , hold up ; your hands . " The great majority of the meeting held up their hands . Mr . Falvey : I see you do rtot understand my question ; ' " all who are of opinion that aa the price of provisions has fallen this last two years , wages have not been reduced , hold np your hands . " Mr . West protested against that partial way of nutting the question . ' If they are to decide the question , as to whether wages had been reduced , let

      them take the last forty years , which would he a fair criterion . Mr . Falvey persisted in putting his motion in his own way ; and after three trials , during which he could only get six persons to vote with him , _helgaveup the contest in despair . He continued : We have got this fact , that during the last forty years wages have been reduced ; but we had not Free Trade then . The reduction was under a system of monopoly ; under Mr . West ' s favourite system of protection . No doubt , bye and bye , that gentleman would tell them Free Trade would reduce wages ; but the real cause was the | Corn . Laws , which crippled commerce , and would not allow them to exchange the produce of labour for what foreigners could give us in i return . With an increasing population , if the

      people were not employed on the land , how could we find employment for them , except by extending our markets ; and if by doing so wages should come down , let the price of food come down to the price of labour : and as the higher and middle classes had at present a sufficiency of bread , let but an increased supply come into the country , nnd those who now live on potatoes would get their fair share . The rent of the landowners must come down ; for Mr . M'Gregor had proved that the corn monopoly added millions yearly to their income . After some further remarks on machinery , Mr . Falvey sat down . The chairman introduced Mr . West , who said , that having been invited to attend the meeting , in consequence of Mr . Falvey ' s challenge , he expected that the question to

      be brought under their consideration would be the merits or demerits of Free Trade ; but he was surprised to find that Mr . Falvey ,. instead of entering on the question , had indulged in such gross personal attacks on the Chartists as a body , on the Northern Star , on Feargus O ' Connor , and on himself . He knew that was not Mr . Falvey ' s usual manner ; and therefore he must attribute it to his ( Mr . West ' s ) appearance ; but whatever the cause , it argued a lack of argument , and was an unworthy attempt to excite their passions , instead of appealing to their judgment and reason : an attempt which he doubted not would be frustrated . But as the attack had been made , he trusted that before he entered on the question of debate , they would allow him briefly to reply to the

      slanders that had been uttered . Mr . Falvey had insinuated that he ( Mr . West ) was amushroom Radical ; and that he was an advocate for tho landlord . This he ( Mr . Falvey ) knew to be untrue ; for his first appearance as a public speaker , was some three . months before Mr . Falvey himself _; and for the fifteen years that he had taken part in public _affah's , he challenged Mi' . Falvey to show one instance in which he had not advocated the principles of truth and justice , and struggled , under odium and persecution , on the side of the toiling millions . Mr . Falvey had" alluded to the dissensions among some portions of the Chartist body , in order to throw odium on the principles of the Charter . No one regretted their dissensions more than he ( Mr . West ) did ; but there had been a separa

      ting of the chaff from the wheat ; and those who went from tho Chartists only did so because they were not of them . The Chartists were now a firm and united body ; and though they were sneered at as powerless except for mischief—they were feared by all nostrummongers , who would not dare to meet the public lest the "• disunited Chartists" should appear , and scatter to the winds the humbug and delusion with which they sought to deceive the people . Mr . O'Connor had been charged with inconsistency , because he voted against an unconditional Repeal of the Corn Laws when in the House of Commons . ; and still continued to maintain the same ground . That specimen of logic he would leave Mr . Falvey to explain as best he could . But the crowning charge was the removal of the Northern

      Star to London 1 That was not to be easily forgiven . Monstrous impudence that the organ of Labour should take its stand , side by side , with the organ of the League—and the prostitute press-gang of both Whig and Tory ! But there it was ! That was a great fact ; and , however bitter the potion , swallow it the League must ; and , as they said in Yorkshire— _"rin and abide . ( Tremendous cheering . ) When " the League removed the Anti-Bread Tax Circular to London , no one brought that as a charge against them . Buttheychangedits name , and the _Starh & _A not been changed . Ah , there was the rub ! They hated tho nome not less than they hated the principles it advocated . r lhat « a » ie had been a terror to evUdoers . lhat name had been the hone of th _* _™

      pressed and insulted millions . It had cost tie Government hundreds of thousauds of pounds to nut down one Northern Star ; and no doubt but ninny of Mr . _talvcys employers would gladly subscribe their thousand _^ they could sink the existing Star hi ncathtle political horizon : but while it continued tiie fearless advocate of the rhhts of man , itwould Haw ma _redouWed splendour , illuminating the mmdsofthc toiling masses , and _' cuecS & 0 ! _SfrSflS sl 0 l _- i 0 US - stru _- *»¦ tllci _? SW ! and Labours emancipation . ( Loud cheers 1 Anrl now , continued Mr . West let us _eZffi rTi ° » > - _»™ ; « » _-f fc su * ; that the SanS ™ _M-ocradMabTOd ; and that wo are _vmlviSS

      men , that we were destined by God to be the

      Important Discussion On Free Trade At Ro...

      •' workshop of the world . " If foreigners were formerlv so capable of inventing and improving , are we to suppose that the present race has degenerated from their fathers , or that all the brains have taken flight from those lands , and settled in the cramums ot Englishmen , but more particularly in those of the Anti-Corn Law League ? The Chartists always contended that foreigners had the capability to manufacture for themselves , and would always do so when thev deemed it advantageous to themselves , lliey were doing so now ; and the only chance the manufacturers of this country have of competing with them is by underselling them ; and he ( Mi . West ) ma mere that night to prove , that that could not be effected but by reducing wages . ( Cheers . ) ineio iaw

      were three great elements m production—tuc material ; the capital invested in machinery , & c . ; aud the wages of labour ; and it was only in one or more of those that a " cheapening" could be effected , so as to enable us successfully to compete with _10-rchmcrs . In the raw material foreigners had tho decided _advantage , for they were the growers 0 it it ; of silk , cotton , and a great portion of the wool , incy had it on the spot , whilst we had to import it , and pav the cost of freight and carriage ; so that no cheapening could be effected in that department . In the investment of capital in machinery , what little advantage wc formerly had , had been lost by the tree exportation of machinery ; but even if it were not so , foreigners have the advantage in their water power , ot

      the cheapest of all motive power , 'lne only nev stem remaining was the wages of labour ; ami he challenged Mr . Falvey , or any other man in England , to show how a " cheapening , " so as to enable us to ' _-undersctt foreigners , could be effected but by a reduction of wages . But Mr . Falvey says , ' it wages must come down , bring down the price ot food to the price of labour . " Will the adoption of Free Trade principles do that ? No ! . and Mr . Falvey knew it . All the great authorities of the League—Mr . Greg , Mr . Cobden , Mr . Whitstone , Mr . Acland , cum multis aliis—all agreed that the effect of Corn Law repeal would be , " not so much to cheapen provisions at home , as to raise them abroad . " That humanity was quite of the Alderman Brooks school . It is

      tyrannical , anti-christian , and murderous to tax the bread of the people of this country , but quite a matter of " policy" to make it dear to the foreigners Was ever humbug so barefaced as that ? Mi * . Falvey said the rent of the landlord must come down , and he quoted Mr . M'Gregor as an authority to prove that the corn monopoly adds millions to their income . But what said Mv M'Gregor in his evidence before the Import Duties Committee , when . " asked if a repeal of the Corn Laws would cause rents to fall ? He said no ; on the contrary , I think the rents of land would greatly increase . Pretty way that of bringing down rents , if Mr . M'Gregor was to be taken as an authority . Mr . Falvcv talked a great deal about wages , and said ,

      though wages had fallen during the last forty years , that was under a system of protection , and not under Free Trade , because wc have not had it . He ( Mr . West ) denied that the working classes had " protection . " It was for the want of , it that they were bound hand and foot , and laid prostrate at the feet of blood-cemented capital . And though they had not what Mr . Falvey called Free Trade , they had some of its anticipated benefits in yearly extensions of commerce ; and what did those prove but that each year we were impoverishing _ourowncountry to bestowthe benencfits onthe foreigner ; reducing the wages . of labour to cheapen the cost price of the article exported ; giving increased quantities of export for decreased amount of value in return ; destroying the home market , and only conferring benefits on the rich consumersthe fundholders , pensioners , and tax eaters of various kinds . And this was the system Mr . Falvey wished

      to extend , and to persuade them would be a great benefit . ( "No , no , " from Mr . Falvey . ) Well , if it were not so , perhaps Mr . Falvey would tell them of some of the benefits to be derived from Free "Trade ; for as yet he had most guardedly avoided the subject . Mr . Falvey said wages were not regulated by the price of food , and that the terms cheap and dear wore merely nominal ; the ability to purchase being the real question . In that he perfectly agreed ; but it is a most complete destruction of the clap-trap cry of the League—'" cheap bread ! " As a proof , in 1801 , when wheat was 115 s . lid . per quarter , a weaver of a six quarter cambric , sixty reed , Bolton-court , could purchase with a week ' s wages at that price , 132 pints of wheat ; whilst in the last six years , with wheat under 60 s . per quarter , with his week ' s wages for the same description of work , he could only purchase sixteen pints of wheat !

      Mr . Falvey ; Where is your authority for that statement ? Mr . West handed him Mr . Hobson ' s Poor Marts Companion , and pointed out the table , " The Free _Traders' Looking-glass . " Mr . Falvey : I dispute that authority ; it is a table without a name to it , and might be fabricated by Mr . West or his friend Mr . Hobson , to suit their own particular purpose . Mr . West : The table is compiled from Mr . Marshall ' s oelebrated statistical work , the Digest of Public Vocuments , Mr . Falvey : I . dispute Mr . Marshall as an authority ; he is not considered one .

      Mr . West : It was the first time that he had heard the authority of that man disputed ; but Mr . Falvey said he was no authority , and therefore all the world must believe so . But he would lay before the meeting the claims of Mr . Marshall to authority , and then they would be able to judge between him and Mr . Falvey . Mr . Marshall was engaged by the "Whig Government to make a compilation of 700 volumes of journals and reports on the Trade , Commerce , and Finance of the country , which had been presented to both Houses of Parliament . That Herculean task took him two years of arduous and unremitting labour to accomplish . As a reward for his services , he was to have had the place which Mr . Porter now fills , as the head of the statistical department of the Board

      of Trade ; but it was found that Mr . Marshall was too honest , and in some of his notes to the tables he placed the Free Trade policy in its true light , as ruinous and destructive to British interests ; and therefore he was placed on the shelf , —his work was limited to about 1 , 300 copies ; but of that number , by an unanimous vote of the House of Commons , a copy , at ' two guineas a volume , was purchased for each member . That work , and his blowing up of the scheme of the sinking fund—for which , after six months' drilling , he made Joseph Hume his instrument—will hand his name down to posterity as an authority—and one , too , that will not suffer much by not'being "believed in" by the " political prigs" of the school to which Mr . Falvey

      belonged . Mr . Falvey claimed ; Oavtwright , - Hunt , and Cobbett , as belonging to Ms school ; but tlic world know that those great men and " nobles of nature" were advocates of the principles of the Charter . The massacre of Pcterloo was perpetrated on those who met to petition for Universal Suffrage , Vote by Ballot , and Annual Parliaments , and not , as Mr . Falvey would make you believe , for a repeal of the Corn Laws . Cobbett always contended that , before you could attempt to have Free Trade , there must be an equitable adjustment of the debt , and a reduction of the national burdens . The same doctrines the Chartists held at the present day . Those great men were their teachers ; and they could not be considered " mushroom Radicals . " How many of Mr . Falvey's school would come forward to advocate

      the principles ol the men , whose names they wished to pirate to serve their own selfish purpose ? Mr . palvey had denounced tho landlords . but the question £ as not to be decided by such means . Were lie ( Mr . West ) inclined to recriminate , he could a tale unfold of the robbery , oppression , and absolute murder , perpetrated by the manufacturers and their systema tale that would make even landlords , with all their faults , appear as gods in comparison . Both classes were equally the enemies of labour ; and whenever its claims came under their consideration , they forgot their differences and united together for the purpose of keeping the poor man down . In conclusion , he called on Mr . Falvey to point out some of the benefits that would arise from the adoption of principles of Free Trade . Mr . West sat down amid enthusiastic applause .

      ; Mi _\ Falvey : Mr . West has told you that I insinuated he was an advocate for the landlords . I now distinctly charge him with it ; for at Blackburn he moved and carried a resolution in favour of monopoly , and never mentioned the Charter . He finds fault with me for bringing the conduct of the Chartists forward . I had a right to do so , as a Chartist was my opponent . Mr . West appealed to the chairman as to what was the subject lor discussion ? The Chairman The question is , "Whether Free Trade would be beneficial or nyurions , " and my opinion is that Mr . Falvey should not introduce extraneous matter . Air . Falvey : 1 am asked to point out the benefits ot _rree'lrade . Cheap bread , and plenty of it , is a good thing ; and good wages is a good thing . Mr . West has talked a good deal about his "three elements , " and challenges me to prove how we can undersell foreigners but b y fallingupon wages . There other

      are ways . We pay twenty shillings a quarter on wheat ; it that was abolished it would be absorbed in wages and profits , and would enable us to undersell them It was the same with Sugar and other things . In Switzerland they had Free Trade , and they found it to work well . In America the _dc-^ _KX ? in / ! ° _™ ° _W > P ' 0 _™ 1 bytllc election of Mr . Polk ; a fact Mr . West had not noticed . The SS " iT 01 llad , _l ( i 011 abolished , but the price had Bfc West had not told them any thing of the past ; he jumped into futurity . The Corn Laws hail not kept up wages ; and it it were not for the late abundant harvests traae would be in a wretched condition He thanked them for the attention they had paid to Mr .. West and himself ; and it would not be long before he would visit them again , when he would enter into the question more fully than he had done ..

      Mr . West . Mr . Falvey has charged mc with being an advocate of tho landlords , because in the discussion at Blackburn I did not introduce the Charter ; but he has not the lionestv to tell you that he positively refused to hold tho discussion it I mentioned the Charter ! " So much for his

      Important Discussion On Free Trade At Ro...

      honesty . Mr . Falvey has told vou that if the _dutyiy on'corn and sugar were repealed , we could then un-iderscll the foreigners , because the raw material would fd be cheaper . Does he mean , that if we import coma and sugar , that it will change into cottons , woollens , _i , and silSs to be exported ? For that is his argument , t . Mr . Falvey said , they had Free Trade m Switzerland ; !; but he forgot to tell you that they had Universal Suf . ; frage there also . ( Chews . ) Mr . Falvey had referred I to the election of Mr . Polk in America ; but he f p r .. got to tell you that it was the " Agrarian League _"^ . the Chartists of America , who are straggling to make e the public lands public pvopertv-that secured his _s election ; a party who cared little about the fud ge-. _ography of Free Trade , They were told that the 2 duty on wool had been repealed , without depreciation 1 therefore Tradmust b

      in price ; and that , , Free e o a t good thing ; but Alderman Bateson , ot Leeds , had I published a state of the transfer of our woollen trade 1 to the continent . In 1824 , the export duty on Bri-. tish wool was removed , and from 1824 to 1840 , the exports had increased from nothing in 1824 , to » 4 S 10 , 387 lbs ., in 1840 ; while the exports ot British 1 woollen cloths , of all sorts , had decreased from _i 507 317 pieces in 1824 , to 258 , 062 , in 1840 ; and ia , Vcrvicr and Aix-La-Chapclle , where we exported . most of our wool , in 1840 they manufactured 70 , 283 pieces more than Ensrland exported to all the world . Let Mr . Falvey note those facts . We were told the Corn Laws produced all the evil in the country ; but would Ml ' . Falvcycxplain one factthat under the Corn Laws wc had bad trade and good trade , cheap provisions and dear provisions , higher _couiu not

      wages and lower wages . Unc cause produce these opposite effects . But an abundant harvest had made trade good—a proof , that it wc cultivated our own soil we need not depend on the caprice of foreigners . As . Mr . Falvey had promised to visit them again , he would assure them that when he did come he would . find him ( Mr . West ) there also . ( Loud cheers . ) They had heard the arguments on both sides , as far as time would permit , andVhen he ( Air . West ) next came among them , after they had calmly reflected on what they had heard , he would ask for their opinion . He had to thank them for the fair play they had shewn , and the attention with which they had heard him . —A vote of thanks was carried by acclamation to the chairman , and thus ended one of the most important meetings ever held in Rotherham . Chartism has received a great impulse . Too much praise cannot be given to the brave men of Rotherham for their conduct .

      LONDON . _MKTROPOLlTAff District Couxcn ,, 1 , Turnagainlahe , Skinnef _^ strcet , December 29 th . —Mr . Simpson inthe Chair . —Several members having delivered m thcir . roports respecting the projected Duncombe procession , Mr . T . M . Wheeler said communications of great importance had been received from some of the Trades . He , therefore , would suggest the propriety of suspending all operations as regarded the Duncombe procession for a short time , in order that the Trades might have sufficient time to . perfect their _arrangements . The Secretary also read a letter from

      Mr . T . Barratt , Secretary to the Associated 'trades o £ London , breathing the best spirit towards Mr . Dimcombe , and promising to bring the matter officially before the Associated Trades at their next meeting . Mr . Pattenden moved , " That the Committee forgetting up the Duncombe procession suspend their operations for the present , in accordance with the suggestion of Mr . Wheeler . " The motion was seconded by Mr . Stallwood , and earned unanimously . The Committee for getting up the late Soiree reported progress , and steps having been taken to effect an immediate settlement of that matter , the CouncD adjourned .

      NORTHAMPTON . Grand Chartist Tea Party and Ball . —The Chartists of this town held a Tea Party and Ball on Friday , December 27 th , in the large room at the Saracen ' s Head Inn . The room was inconveniently crowded . After the good things of life had been disposed of , that sterling Chartist , Mr . Geo . Watson , was unanimously called to the chair , aud opened the meeting in a clever and appropriate speech , which was warmly responded to by the assembly . The chairman then proposed the following sentiment , " The People , the legitimate source of all power ; may they speedily obtain their just rights through the enactment of the People ' s Charter . " Mr . Gammage responded to the sentiment , and was loudly applauded . The next sentiment was , " T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., M . P . F . O'Connor , Esq . ; Dr . P . M . M'Douall ; James Leagh ; James Bronterre O'Brien _. Esq . ; and all who honestly advocate the people ' s cause : may they live to see

      their exertions rewarded by the success of the cause for which they have so arduously struggled . " Mr . Henley responded to the sentiment in an eloquent speech . 3 rd sentiment , " Frost , Williams , Jones , and Ellis : may they speedily be restored to their families and their homes . " Mi ' . Hollowell responded . 4 _tli sentiment , " The Democratic Press : may it bo a [ beacon light to guide the people on the path to freedom . " Mr . Crawford responded in a sound Democratic speech , in which he amy shewed the advantage of an unshackled press . 5 th sentiment , " The immortal memories of Tell , Wallace , Washington , Einmett , Fitzgerald , Hampden , Pirn , Cartwright , Hunt , Cobbett , Beaumont , Taylor , and all who have struggled and died in the cause ofliberty . " Mr . Mnndy responded to tho sentiment . 6 th sentiment , "Tho Ladies : may they be found hearty co-operators in the political and social regeneration of our country . " Mr . Gammage responded . Dancing then commenced which was kept up till a late heur .

      BRADFORD . ( Working Men ' s Movements . —Perhaps there is not a town in England where the operatives have a _abetter knowledge of the cause of their degradation than they have here ; but , by some means it is found hard to create as good an organization among them as ought to exist ; and although Chartism is the darling theme of the masses , scarcely one in fifty are enrolled members . What is the cause ? The working men are disgusted with the trickery , shuffling , and empty-headed vanity of some would-be leaders , who remained in their ranks just long enough to create discord and division by endless quarrels and bickerings . At length , finding

      they could not succeed in foisting themselves and their little nostrums on the people , they vented their spleen on what they term the O'Connorites , and set up as Free Traders . Now that the intellectuals are gone , the organization improves weekly . Lectures are delivered at Butterworth ' s Buildings on Sunday evenings , which begin to draw public attention , and tend to add to the numbers of the enrolled ; and it is shortly intended to engage one of the public halls for the use of the Chartist body . _^ tzler ' s " Tropical Emigration Society" has gained a large accession to its numbers here , over one hundred shares being taken up , the main part by Chartists . The first instalment , amounting to £ 60 , was paid up this week .

      TO THE CHARTISTS OF NORTH LANCASHIRE . I Brother Chartists—The time draws nigh when our esteemed friend and fellow-worker in the cause of democracy , Thomas Tattersall , will be released from that dungeon which for two long years has entombed his body and separated him from those who are struggling for the principles which the dungeon ' s gloom will not have estranged him from . No , brethren , we venture to predict that he will return from his dungeon with a stronger impress on his mind in favour of the cause he so patriotically embarked in , and for which he has suffered . Believing that those principles are still held dear by you , and believing that you have a lively hope of their realization , —a hope that the unhallowed touch

      of tyranny cannot extinguish , —we venture to solicit your aid in providing a suitable testimonial of our affections towards the persecuted sufferer , not only for supplying his immediate wants , but to prevent the opposers of our glorious principles , those who fatten and luxuriate in the sunshine of class legislation , —from reproaching us with ingratitude and indifference to those who have suffered for advocating the cause we arc mutually embarked in . To attain the above desirable object , a " Testimonial Committee" has been formed in Burnley , who are collecting subscriptions for the purpose of

      providing Mr . Tattersall with a good suit of clothes , and otherwise to give to him marks of esteem ; and believing that the Chartists of North Lancashire will not be backward in aiding the good work , we have thought proper thus to call your attention to it . And we beg further to state that tho time being short , we arc desirous that parties collecting subscriptions should lose no time in transmitting the same to the Secretary , together with the names of the subscribers , that the same may be laid hefore Mr . Tattersall for his inspection as early as possible after his release , which will be on the morning of tho 15 th February , 1 S 45 .

      Communications and subscriptions should he transmitted to tho Secretary of tho Committee , Mr . John Place , Winn Hill , Burnley . Signed on behalf of the " Testimonial Committee , " Jonx Place , Secretary . _Jonx Heap , Treasurer .

      SCOTLAND . . Alva . —A public meeting of the inhabitants of Alva was held iu _# \ c People ' s Hall on the evening of the 21 st inst ., for the pin-pose of memorialising her Majesty for the return of Frost , Williams , and Jones . Mr . James Walker was called to the chair . Mi ' . _DIlarrower moved , and Mr . George Rattray seconded , a memorial in behalf of the suffering _alalia's . } llCu was unanimously agreed to . The memorial has _o'CP " sent to Sir J . Graham for presentation to her Majesty . A social meeting was held here on Tuesday

      evening , the 24 th inst ., for the benefit . of Mrs . John Duncan ; Mr , D . narrower was called to the chair . After the meeting had been entertained for a short time with songs and recitations , the chairman introduced Mr . Clark , who addressed the meeting on the people ' s right to the land . The mode in which the question was handled by oar friend gave great satisfaction . At tho conclusion of Mr . Clark ' s address , the meeting was further entertained with songs and recitations . Votes of thanks to the singers , and to Mr . Thomas Clark for his excellent address , closed the evening ' s proceedings .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 4, 1845, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_04011845/page/2/