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THE STATE OF GERMANY. Leiieu I. TO TBE Z...
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ITALY. The Late IxsunnEcrios.—We read in...
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INDIA AND CHINA Arrival op the Overlaxd ...
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LONDON. Citv Localitv.—Mr. Cooper's elev...
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THE ANDOVER UNION.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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T0 Tiie Working Classes. ' ; ,. ..„-_T Have Only Time This Week V«P -N-S-I Have Only Time This Week Titt
T 0 TIIE WORKING CLASSES . ' ,. .. „ - _ T have only time this week v _« P -n-s-I have only time this week titt
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\ 31 , DE * " - . : rr . j in London safe *» Kl 1 " ° i _, nd that next week I shall give vou the _jaJ -J *""* - ? _" ; _, . _jatas _, setting forth the results of _fiis _t-rf sm , _^ ia the several countries through « U \ Tve travelled . From all that I have seen _^ idi 1 «•» bMn eonfirnled iu my old opinions , a ! id h _» ' . ness an ( i permanent peace cau only ** irUC ilrtlie P «» P- evcryc , rtintr _i ' P « aasing _fe _as _^/ _jr country in FEE , that is , subject only tliel _*" " _^ taXSItion as its possessors , through t 0 .--iicii " - _" _^ _j _^ s a _, i consider ueccssary for tho their rc ' _* T _^ _- , lcaj » fonn of Government , for the equal supp ort . ot A - _^ w ]] 0 _jj _-Qnder its laws . In Prussia prote _cts * . " j 5 ffl _ _ ilie possession of theland in small _ je ! a i . _e-i _^ _jpj _. _jjng t 0 a demand for a conslitusd laUUC " _^ ny the monopoly of the land by the _"" "' i iwcr ful led to an edict for its subdivision ; ric f 5 _» wI the next _ci-y , and IT IS NOW ON _f _^ FBUEEZEi will be a loud howl for the LAND . , x > Vbe ready at any moment to obey the call _J _^ ' _^ ar c-holders , as one of thc delegates , te
„ - _„« our future operations . arrs - I remain as ever , lour faithful friend and servant , _Feakgus O'Cossor
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\ Xm III I I Will . ' -Mil Ill nil , || __ _,, | M _, _, . _ I ¦ WiWI i _»^ _T _*» KI . IW I _IHWH—IWMIJM — I l ' _l _« _WM _«*» _Wi-M _| ¦ _^ _* _MKM _»^ _wmiWMAWI _*> U WI—| U BrUW _* i » _l _- _^ w . _i .-. i ¦ . ... I-, _. ¦¦ ¦ _IWIIIIJW'MU— ; VOL . VIII . NO . 415 . LONDON _^ " _^ SATURDAY , OCTlBEK ¦» , 1845 . m „ _J _^™^™ _™^
The State Of Germany. Leiieu I. To Tbe Z...
THE STATE OF GERMANY . _Leiieu I . TO TBE _ZDlTOR OF THE _XOBT 1 IEBS _STiB . Dm : Sm , —l n compliance with your wish , I comt „ _~ bv ibis leiter a series of _articles on the pre-T- -tite of my native country . In order to make _^ r _oi'iuiDiis ou ' the subject plaiuly understood , and _„ iu-iifr _ibe same as being well founded , 1 shall Invc to trace with a few words the history of Ger--mv from the event which shook modern society to jBviij fuiiiuUtwn-I meau to say , from the Fa-nck ' _tfd Germany was at tliat time known by the name „ f The Rain Roman Empire , and consisted of God " nows Winauv little states , kingdoms , electorates , _IkwUis , ai-eh and grand dukedom-, principalities , counties , baronies , and free Imperial cities-every oae independent of the other , and wily subjected to tl ,.- iwiver ( if there was auy , which however , tor
hun-Jmbof _vears . had not been the casejot tne r . m-„ L . rJr and Diet . The Independence of these little totes went so far , that in every war with " the _archciieuiv" ( France , of course ) , there was a part of them _aliicd to the French king , and in open war with their _« an Emperor . The Diet , consisting of the _deputalioiis from all these little states , under the presidency of the imperial one , being intended to cheek the _Mwer of the Emperor , was always assembled withunicvercomiii ? to anv , even the most insignificant , results . Tliey killed their time with thc most iutiie Questions of ceremunv , whether the embassy of Baron _sUnd-so ( consisting , perhaps , of the tutor ofhis son aud anoldlivcry-scrvant , or worn-out game-keeper ) n _« At to have precedency before the embassy of
-fciroii so-and-so—or whether the deputy from one Jm-icrlal _«* ought to salute the deputy of another w _i thout wailing lor his salute , « fce . 'Chen there were so uianv hundreds of thousands of little privileges , _masilv _hartbensoine to the privileged themselves , hut winch were considered as points of honour , and , _tlte-efoi-e , ouarrellcd about with the utmost obstin . _-icV . T his aud similar important things took up so - cinch of the time of tbe wise Diet , that this honourable assembly had not a minute to spare for discuss-• ia * the weal of the empire . In consequence of this , ihe greatest possible disorder and contusion was the order of the day . Thc empire , divided within itself in time of war as well as peace—passed through a suits of internal wars from the time of the
Reformation down to _17-3 _'J , in every oue o whicli Trance was allied to the party opposed to tlic weak and easily vanquished party of the Emperor , and took , of course , its lion ' s share in the plunder—first , _Itarsumlv ; then the three bishopries , -Metz , Toiil , ami " Verdun ; then the vest of Lorraine ; then parts nf Flanders and Alsace—were iu this manner separated from the Holy Roman Empire and united to Trance . Thus Switzerland was allowed to become independent from the empire ; thus Belgium was made over to the Spaniards by legacy of Charles V . ; and all these countries fared better alter their _sep-inuiiin from Germany . To this progressive external rain of the empire , was joiucd the greatest possible internal confusion . Everv little prince was a
bloodsucking , arbitrary d . spot to his subjects . The _cmjivc never caved about the internal concerns of any states except by forming a court of law ( Imperial Court Chamber at Wetziar ) for attending to suits of subjects against their superiors , hut that precious _-SJurt attended so well to these actions , that not one of them has ever been heard of as Laving been settled . liis almost incredible what cruelties and arbitrary ails were committed by the haughty princes towards their _sultjects . These princes , living for pleasure anA -lebiuchery only , allowed every despotic power to their _minister and government officers , who were i tliuspcraiiiied , without any risk of punishment , toi trample into the dust the unfortunate people , on this condition onlv , that thev filled their master ' s trea- '
sury and procured him an inexhaustible supply of female beauty for liis harem . The nobility , too , saca as were not independent but under the dominion of sonic king , bishop , or prince , used to treat the people with greater contempt than they bestowed upon do _^ , and squeezed as much money as they _posa'lilycouldoutofthelabouroftheirserfs—lorservitude was yuitc a common thing , then , in Germany . Nor was _tht-ro any sign of liberty in those emphatically , si called , free _Imperial cities ; for here a _bur-AOinas n _* r and self-elected senate , offices which , in the fouise of centuries , had become as hereditary as the Inijierial crown , ruled with greater tyranny still . _Xuihing can equal the infamous conduct of these petty Imnrgeois aristocrats of the towns , and , indeed , it would not be believed that such was the state of
bennany fifty years ago , if it was not in the memory Sill of many who remember that time , and if it was not confirmed by a hundred authorities . And the people ! What did tltey say to this state of things ? _Wia t did they do ? Why , the middle classes , thc money-loving bourgeois , " found , in this continued miiiiisioi :, a source of wealth * they knew that they « wld catch the most fish in the troubled waters " ; ihey sutfercd themselves to be oppressed and insulted because they could take a _revenue upon their enemies worthy of themselves ; tliey avenged their wrongs by clouting tlieir o }> pressors . United to thc people , they might have overthrown the old dominions and
_refunded the empire , just as the English middle « _fces had partly done from 1 G 10 to 16 SS , and as the -rriiieh bourgeois were then about to do . But , no , the German middle classes had not that energy , never pretended to that courage they knew Germany tobe nothing but a dunghill , but thev were _t-oinfortabk in the dung because they were dung tiicmsclTcs , .-md were kept _iv-uin hy the dung about then And the working people were uot worse off man thev are now , except thc peasantry , who were laasuv serfs , and could do nothing without the assistance oi the towns , hired armies being always quancrcd on them , -who threatened to stifle in blood even- attempt at revolt .
• " such was the state of Germany towards the end of tne last century . It was all over one living mass of _i ' _-nrcfac tion and repulsive decay . Nobody felt liimself a _tfise . The trade , commerce , industry , and agriculture of the country were reduced to almort uoihm g ; peasantry , tradesmen , and manufacturers kit , the double pressure of a blood-sucking _government and bad trade ; thc nobility and princes found iliat their incomes , in spite of ihe squeezing of their inferiors , could not be made to keep pace with their _"M-ieasing expenditure ; evcrytliing was wrong , and : i general uneasiness prevailed throughout the coun-Il 7- No _edut-ation , no means of operating upon the - _"' iiids of the masses , no free press , no public spirit , Hot even an extended commerce with otlier
countri es—nothing but meanness and selfishness—a mean , _aieakiug , miserable shopkeepingspirit pervading thc wno . c people . Everything worn out , crumbling _jio-vii , going fast to ruin , and not even the slightest hope ol" a beneficial change , not even so much strength J » me nation as might have sufficed for carrying away the putrid corpses of dead institutions . ihe only hope for the letter was seen in the country s literature . This shameful political and social \ V < ZT attbe , 5 an _* t _» me thc great age of German literature . About 1750 all thc maScr-spirits of thc philosophers Wxsr and _Eicuie and h-ivdlv twenty yeare later , the last great German 2 physician , Hegel . Every _rcaSrkahle ™ f this tune families _» spirit of defiance , and rebellion _agaiast the whole ol German societv ' as it then ex isted . _GoninE wrote _Gostz von B erlichiacn _ , , - "
mane homage to the memorv of a rebel _Srim im the Robbers , celebrating a generous _voan- man who declares open war _a-ainst all _soefch- . ° But these were their juvenile productions ; _wh _' en thev < _rew older they lost all hope ; Goethe restrained himself to satire of the keenest order , and Sciuuer would -Have despaired si it had not been for the _refu- _'c whicli science , and particularly the great historv of ancient Greece and Home , afforded to Mm . These too , may be taken as examples of the rest . Even the liest and strongest minds of the nation , gave up all lope as to the future of their countrv . " All at once , like a thunderbolt , the { French revolution struck into tliis chaos , called Germany . The effeet -was tremendous . The people , too little instructed , too muck absorbed in the ancient habit of being tyrannized over , remained unmoved . But all the middle classes , and the better part of the nobility , gave one shout of joyful assent to tbe national
asf embly and the people of 1 lance . Not one of all tbe hundreds of thousands of existing German poets failed to sing tbe glory of the French people . But tills cntllUsiasm AY _3 S of the German sort , it was merely metaphysical , it was only meant to apply to the theories of tbe French revolutionist- - . As soon as theories were shuffled into the back ground bv the weight and balk of facts ; as sosn as the French court of tbe French people could in practice no _longer
The State Of Germany. Leiieu I. To Tbe Z...
a « rce , notwithstanding their theoretical union , by the theoretical constitution of 171 ) 1 ; as soon ns the people assorted their sovereignty practically by the " 10 th of Au 2 ust : " and when , moreover , _tln-ory was entirely inade silent on the 31 st of May , 1703 , by the putting down of the Girondists—then this enthusiasm of Germany was converted into a fanatic hatred against the revolution . Of course this cntliuMasm was meant to apply to such actions only as the night of the 4 th of August , 1700 , when the nobility resigned their privileges , but the good Germans never thought of such actions having
consequences in practice widely differing from tliose inferences which benevolent theorists might draw . The Germans never meant to approve of tliese consequences , which were rather serious and unpleasant to many parties , as we all know well . So the whole mass , who in the beginning bad been enthusiastic friends to the revolution , now became its greatest opponents , and getting , of course , the most distorted ; news from Paris by the servile German press , preferred their old quiet holy ltoniau dunghill to the tremendousactivity ofa people who threw off vigorously the chains of slavery , and flung defiance to the faces of all despots , aristocrats , and priests .
But the days of the Holy Roman Empire were numbered . The French revolutionary armies walked straight into the very heart of Germany , made the Rhine the frontier of France , and preached liberty and equalitv everv where . They drove away by shoals noblemen , ' bishop s , and abbots , and all those were little princes tbat for so long a time had played in historv the part of dolls . They effected ' a clearing , as if they were settlers advancing in the back-woods of the American Far West ; the ante-diluvian forest of " Christian-Germanic' ] society disappeared before their victorious course , like clouds before thc rising sun . And when the energetic Napoleon took the revolutionary work into his own band , when he identified the revolution with himself ; that same revolution whicfc afterthc ninth Thermidor 1791 , had been
stifled by the money-loving middle-classes , when he , the democracy with " a single head , " as a French author termed him , poured his armies again and again over Germany , " Christian-Germanic" society was finally destroyed . _Napoleon was not that arbitrary despot to Germany which lie is said to bave beeu by his enemies ; Napoleon was in Germany the representative of the revolution , thepropogatorof its principles , the destroyer of old feudal society . 01 course hc proceeded despotically , but not even hall as despotically as the deputies from the Convention would have done , and really did , wherever they came ; not half so much so as the princes and nobles used to do whom lie sent a begging . Napoleon applied the reign of terror , which had done its work in France , to _otficr cottntnes , in tf «* fia » c of war—and this " reign
of terror" was sadly wanted in Germany . Napoleon dissolved the Iloly " Roman Empire , and reduced the number of little states in Germany by forming large ones , lie brought his code of laws with himself into the conquered countries , a code infinitely superior to all existing ones , and recognising equality in principle _, lie forced thc Germans , who had lived hitherto for private interests only , to work at the carrying out of a great idea of some overwhelming pub'ie interests . But that was just what aroused the Germans against him . lie offended the peasantry by the very same measures that relieved them from thc oppression of feudalism , because he struck at the roots of their prejudices and ancient habits . He offended the middle classes by the very means that laid the foundation of German _manufacturing industry * . the prohibition of all English goods and the war with Englan . 1 was the cause of their beginning to manufacture ! for themselves , but , at the same time , it made coffee
and SUg . il ' , tobacco and snuff , very dear ; and this , of course , was _.-ullieicnt to arouse the indignation of the Germvn patriotic shopkeepers . Besides , they were not the people to understand any of the great plans of Napoleon . They cursed him because he led their children away into wars , got np by the money of tbe English aristocracy and middle classes ; and hailed as friends those same , classes of _Englishmen who were the real cause of the wars , who profited by those wars , and who duped their German instruments not only during , but also after the war . Tliey cursed him , _bocause they desired torcniain confined to their old , miserable sort o f life , where they had nothing but their own little interest to attend to , because tliey desired to liave nothing to do with great ideas and public interest . And atlast , when Napoleon ' s army liad been destroyed in Russia , they took that opportunity of shaking off the iron yoke of the great conqueror .
The "glorious liberation war" of 1813-14 and ly , the " most glorious period of German history , " & c ., as it has been called , was a piece o f insanity sneh as will drive the blood into the cheeks of eveiy honest and intelligent German for some time to come . True , there was great enthusiasm then , but who were these enthusiasts ? Firstly , the peasantry , the most stupid set of people in existence , who , clinging to feudal prejudices , burst forth in masses , ready to die rather thau cease to obey those whom they , their fathers and grandfathers , liad called their masters ; and submitted to be trampled on and horse-whipped by . Then the students and young men generally , who considered this war as a war of principle , nay , as a war of religion ; because not only they believed themselves called upon to _lislit for tlic principle of
legitimacy , called their nationality , but also ior the Holy Trinity and existence of God ; in all poems , pamphlets , and addresses of that time , tlic French are held up as the representatives of atheism , infidelity , and wickedness , aud thc Germans as those of religion , piety , and righteousness . Thirdly , some more enlightened men , who mixed up with these ideas some notions about "liberty , " " constitutions , " and a " freepress ; " but these were by far the minority . And fourthly , the sons of tradesmen , merchants , speculators , & c ., who fought f or the rig ht of buying in the cheapest market , and of drinking coffee without the admixture of chicory ; of course , disguising their aims under the expressions of the enthusiasm of the day , "liberty , " " great German people , " " national independence , " and so forth . These were
thc men who , with the _assistance of thc Russians , English , and Spaniards , beat Napoleon . In my next letter I shall proceed to the history of Germany since the fall of Napoleon . Let me only add , in qualification o f the opinion above given ofthis extraordinary man , that the longer he reigned , the more he deserved his ultimate fate . His nseending the throne I will not reproach him with ' , the power of the middle classes in France , who never cared about public interests , provided their private ones went on favourably , and the apathy of the people , who saw no ultimate benefit themselves from the revolution , and were only to be roused to the enthusiasm of war , permitted no otlier course * , but that
he associated with thc old anti-revolutionary dynasties by marrying the Austrian Emperor ' s daughter , that hc , instead of destroying every vestige of Old Europe , rather sought to _compromiss with itthat he aimed at the honour of being the first among the European monarehs , and therefore assimilated his court as much as possible to thcii _* _s- —that was liis great fault . He descended to the level of otber monarehs—he sought the honour of being their equal —he bowed to the princi ple of legitimacy—and it was a matter of course , then , thatthe legitimists kicked the usurper out of their company . I am , sir , yours respectfully , Your _Geumax _ConnEsrosnEsi . October loth , 1845 .
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Italy. The Late Ixsunnecrios.—We Read In...
ITALY . The Late IxsunnEcrios . —We read in the _Constitutionel— ' "flic post-office packet Eurotas , on her way from Malta , Naples , Civi ta Vecchia , and Leghorn to Marseilles , has been driven into Toulon by stress of weather . Among her passengers were about a hundred Roman refugees , who , after laying down their arms , succeeded in gaining thc Grand Duchy of Tuscany . They are those who embarked at Leghorn with the assent of thc Grand Duke , who was unwilling to give them up to the Papal authority . The Eurotas went on to Marseilles , and on reaching that port the unfortunate refugees hope ;* tliey had found an asylum ; but they were immediately put into prison , and , according to a Marseillesletter of the 14 th , have not heen allowed to bave anv communications bevond it . Such a measure
cannot be easily comprehended ; but it appears thatin these days of disavowals thc prefect has felt that it would be _' most prudent for him to ask for instructions from Paris , and accordingly to set the telegraph at work . It is said at Marseilles that the insurgents who embarked at Rimini have been cast by a storm on the Adriatic coast , and thusfallen into the hands of the Pontifical authorities . ti % , bc _^ tllis re P ° will not be confirmed . " i lie _Hutl ot Marseilles states that tlie imprisonment _SJ ? mPi is a te , » P <> ravy measure , and that _sSneTph _^ f Specdi , y sent int 0 thc intcrior _- 3 _» T 4 _J ;« _fc _^ l , ir _?' l . a , ld L « w , »« a are stated to be _iHtStln _» _S ° _^/? r 1 Jlc " irresWen «« - Tins journal woS _4 _£ ° thcrel _» Sees are young men ofthe
• n - * x- SPAIN _, _-oe _^ on _Wrr _* aSa 5 nSt , tl _cw _astern of taxation fne _^ U-\ Z ? ag ' ? _^ i ,, s f » _fr *<> bring about a ban „ V ; i nd _^ , _5 _^ " _^ sion . Letters from _Bil-Srmlfr ? . 3 tJ ° _* _. 0 ctob C 1 , _^ ate that a _disturbanee _XSS J ? t ,, a * _^ _, tii & Previous day , wl & h at one time threat ened to- be wr serious . On thv 12 th
Italy. The Late Ixsunnecrios.—We Read In...
the Custom-house oflicers of Bilbao . in taking their rounds in tiie _neiglibourimiHl of the toivn _, sueccedeil in seizing some smugglers from the mountains in thc neighbourhood of Santandcr . On their arrival at Bilbao , the wife of one of the smugglers , who was also a prisoner , set nn a loud howling , and called on the people to rescue thein . The people immediately took part with tiie prisoners , and as the Customhouse officers had not on their oliieial costume , they pretended not to believe that thev were really
persons in authority . A tumult ensued , in the midst of which thc male smugglers ran off in one direction , and the females in the other , the Custom-house men following them as they best could . Upon this the mob seized hold of the officers , _thi-a-died them unmercifully , •¦ nd tore their clothes . to shreds . All this happened in tlie public market-place . The troops were immediately called out , and the political chief of the pines and magistrates repaired to the spot , but it was a long time before tranquillity was restored . Foriunateiy no lives were lost .
State of Barcelona . —The coming _Stoum . — Barcelona , Ocr . 14 . —The Government has ordered another contingent conscription to be levied in Catalonia . It appears that the ' _guoto corresponding to thc year 1813 has not been filled up , and the Government new demand its completion . It would bo difficult to describe thc sensation produced here by this order . The deepest state of excitement has existed for several montlis past , as I detailed to you in my communication ; ,, and it now assumes a-deeper and more dangerous character , because it begins to be universally-believed thatthe Narvaez Administration is resolved to measure its strength with Catalonia , and force on them all those measures which hnve
been so long obnoxious to the province . In this impression the Catalonians bei . * in to be confirmed by the tone assumed by the Madrid press in its continued demands for the repeal of the restrictive system and the lowering of the " aranceles , " or tari ff duties , which , if carried out , would , witliout doubt , considerably affect their manufactures . The difficulties ol Government in Catalonia were considered by people extremely well informed on the state oftlie province as very " considerable . Thc new contributory _i-ystem is being opposed at every step , and all Uic dispositions of the local authorities to carry it out have been successively evaded , and collectors cannot be procured , even at a considerable remuneration , because the passive resistance plan has
been brought to act in all the details of the measure _. The conviction beginning to be felt that the Government had seriously taken into consideration the question of tariff duties and prohibitions on cotton goods , with a view to the repeal of the one and a modification of the other , awakened fresh discontent , in wliich thc manufacturer- ) participated , and which they are now preparing to foment with all thc'influence they naturally possess . Add to this now the decree to raise another " qninto _, " while the fierce struggle of last July is still fresh in thc memory of thepeople , and this proud , turbulent race , still brooding over what they cherished as an ancient privilege wrested from them on that occasion by violence and force of ann .- - . The coercive measures of the military
authorities have in no nay ceased , and persons of great respectability are continually being arrested , not only iu this city , but in the principal towns of ihe district , and thrown into noisome dungeons in the Citadel , where they arc left for months without even a charge being made against them , or any motive assigned for their arrest . All these causes combined , I am led to believe , ftom an authority whose views of passing events I have ever found to be most correct , must lead to a , serious crisis in Catalonia , wliich will require all the energy and firmness of tbo President of the Council to combat , and the result of which may be very doubtful . All this while the enemies of thc Administration and of the party iu power are not idle . They contribute by every means to keep alive the discontent , and are _prcparins to avail themselves
at a fitting opportunity ofthe state of public feeling for the furtherance of their own political principles and tho overthrow of the present order of things . Some of the military posts by which the city continues to be occupied were doubled this evening , for the night , as if some disturbances were apprehended . Up to post-hour , half-past twelve o ' clock , all is , however , tranquil . Resistance to the Nkw Taxes in Cataloxia . — Serious _Com-lict _xuin _Giuona . —London ' , Tnunsday , Oct . 23 . —Private letters from Barcelona oftlie 15 th inst . announce that a serious conflict had taken place near Girona between the populace and the Civic Guard , on thc occasion of the latter having attempted to protect the levying of taxes under the new system . Many lives arc said to have been lost on both sides .
PORTUGAL . Taxation and Disaffection—Liscox , Oct . 12—III the country lhe _nressure of the taxes is producing ti general spirit of disaffection , which , unfortunately , seems to be faking a turn ofa very marked feeling of regret for the fall of lhe usurping government ; and the comparisons tliat are constantly lieard of the lightness of the taxes under the latter , and the grievous pressure of thein under the restored monarchy , bode no _gogd to the existing order of things . In the neighbourhood of Cnldas , in the Ciiucelho of Obidos . a farmer was
summoned before thc authorities , and menaced with the seizure ofhis crops , if lie did not pay a large demand for imposts called foros , _el-iimed since the year 18 S 3 , which the people believed had been abolished . The man told tinauthorities they might seize his property , but hc _' woulil not live to witness the ruin ofhis family—he went home and banged himself at his ham door . But in Lisbon , though the distress is very great and the augmentation of taxes since the restoration has amounted to nearly treble what it was previously , their majesties aye kept ill profound ignorance of the actual state of things .
The palace of the Ncccssidades has undergone of late very extensive alterations , and is now fitting up with new and more costly furniture than any former sovereign of Portugal could boast of . Yet the _Ifra / ils and its wealth , the possessions in India and Africa , are no lonjrcr _available and the treasury is exhausted , and the people are impoverished by a rapacious government .
HOLLAND . Or-EXING OF TUB _StaTES-Ge _^ GRAIi . —TlIE IlAGUK , Oct . 20 . —This day at one o ' clock his Majesty the King left the palace , accompanied by their Royal Highnesses the Princes and a brilliant staff . A salute of artillery announced his Majesty ' s departure , He was received with every marlc of respect and affection by the multitude collected on the way . On arriving at thc palace of the States-General , the king was received by a deputation of the members of the two chambers and introduced into the ¦ assembly . The roval speech presents no point of . ireneral interest
save the following paragraph in relation to thc failure oftlie potatoe crop : — To . prevent the misfortune arising from the deficient crop of one of the most important articles of food , measures have already been taken / and in concert with you they will soon be extended . By thc aid of these measures , in conjunction with the charitable spirits wbicb characterise the nation , and which has never failed , and by thc progressive creation of works for the employment ofthe _iudigeut classes , we may hope to obtain an alleviation of the fatal consequences of this calamity . Tbe reports whicli have reached my Government on the crops of some other agricutlural productions j ustify this hope .
GERMANY AND SWITZERLAND . _PERSECUTIOS AND EXPULSION 01 ' COMMUXISTS . ( From our own Correspondent . ) Germany . —Ou the llth instant , the authorities of the Grand Dukedom of Hesse , seized at Darmstadt , at the publisher ' s premises , the first number of a Communist Magazine , the Rhenish Annals , edited by Futtinaiin . There were , however , only _lifty-fivc copies found , the remainder of the edition having been previously sold . The publisher , Mr . Leske , was at thc same time informed that tlie Magazine was placed under the control oi the police , he having to produce every number before it was issued , to the police , and to procure a license for issuiiig ' _. thc same , under a penalty , in case of non-compliance , of 500 florins ( 'forty-five pounds sterling ) , oraccording to
, the merits of the caso , imprisonment . This blow aimed at the communists , and at the same time at that little bit of a lice press we have in Germany , will , however , prove useless . Tliere are hundreds ol means to elude this unconstitutional interference , which , no doubt , has been proceeded to at the instigation of the hated Prussian Government . This same Prussian Government lias procured' Irom the Saxon authorities the expulsion of several public authors from Leipsic , among whom is Jir . W . Alarr , one ot the beads of that Young German Conspiracy in Switzerland mentioned in my last . In his ease , as well as that of Weitling last year , the authorities were afraid of imprisoning and bringing to judgment the party , although they had every legal pretence ; they were satisfied with driving them away .
_SwiTZEnLASD . —The Democratic Government of the Pays de Vaud bas expelled from the canton Mr . A . Becker , a talented German Communist writer , » is well as Mr . S . Schmidt and Dr . Kuhlinann _, _belonging to the same party , and dissolved the ucrmail Communist Club at Lausanne . The P _^ dical Government of Zurich has likewise expoile ' d Dr . _Puttrnann , editor of the above-named Rhenish Annals , and belonging , too , to the Co- _^ muui st party . _fA German friend informs us that the above announcement , as regards the _ex-pulr ,, on f Mr . S . Schmidt , is premature . Ihat , a . - yet , Mr . Schmidt has not bicn expelled from the . Vuvs de Vaud . —En . iV . -5 . ]
Italy. The Late Ixsunnecrios.—We Read In...
Iue _VvetuHK r . v _Gbbmanv . —A writer in the / fin / de la Million , in the course of an article written against _lttyvge and his friends , and written priiicinally for the purpose of showing tint a still more ' dangerous" party exists in Germany , whose object is the entire subversion of the existing order of tilings , in the course of his remarks says : —It is no longer from them that danger comes , and it is not againsUhem that the main effort of resistance has been directed . In these German heads , so predisposed to an excess of systemssocial radicalism sprang
, with a bound to the very last consequences . Accordingly the day when the King of Prussia will give to his kingdom that constitution so long promised and so long deferred will satisfy thc Liberal party , but will achieve nothing to content that other party which growls and works secretly in the verv depth of the vitals of Germany . A Constitution '—these men will Hone of it , aa they will have nothing to do with religion . I have seen cited lately some _oages from one of the writers of this school , and I therein read the following words of a ferocious eloquence .
"Of what value to us would be your Pietist or Protestant constitution ? It would afford an opportunity to some o f your middle class men to make trial of their oratorical powers . ; the : would then cry out against _comiptt ' on fov the purpose of getting themselves corrupted by the nobility and royalty . Now we desire not any longer a Christian state ; we have already decided on that to our own satisfaction . Wlint' _# 'insist on is , a state based on philosophical principles , 'ou'the rights ofthe people , on liberty and equality , both in presence ofthe law of heaven and ofthe law of earth ., No more hypocrisy for us ; no more priests , no more pretenders ! Call us , if you will , impious , atheist , heretic—no matter still You feel it well that your empire belongs to us , the
representatives of reason and philosophy . Your violence is but a proof of our power . As long as wc were not dangerous , you allowed us to preach en in tho chairs of universities , thinking we had no understanding on that subject whereon wc spoke . And now we fling far from us your cumbrous old theoretical mantle , for the purpose of entering , arrayed in elegant and light costume , into the practical ways of Tiie , now that philosophic truth has begun to make its voice heard clearly even from Christian pulpits , and as low down as in the ale-houses , in order to translate itself into political facts . You begin to fear us—you persecute us , and vou martyrise us ; but it is too late .
Germany now bears in her womb a future whereof she hath yet but formed a vague knowledge . As for you , robbers of thc rights of all , this future shall to you be terrible , and it draweth nig h , with tho pace of a giant . You feci it keenly ; alas ! all your palliatives will not succeed in arresting its progress . Tlic political movement hath metamorphosed itself into a religious movement for the purpose of bursting forth anew with mightier intensity . There shall bo no longer any safety . Pereat xnwuhis ctfiatjustitia . " We take the following from the Loudon papers : — Letters from various parts of Germany speak of a financial crisis as inevitable , and state that several failures to a large amount are expected . At Leipsic some failures have already been announced , but the amount is not stated .
We learn from Leipsic , Oct . 15 th , that the ministerial account of the events of the 12 th of August has created great irritation , and that a memorial is getting up for presentation to the Second Chamber of the States , praying for an investigation , whicli the memorialists declare will show the incorrectness of the official statement . Tlie authorities of Brcslau , in Prussian Silesia , have issued a _rigorous order against meetings of . iny description without the sanction of the police . Hitherto only meetings of a political character have been strictly prohibited . Rosoe Thrhatexkd . _—FnEvnuno , Oct . 12 . —The Gazelle of the upper Rhine says , in a letter from Freyburg , " the authorities of this district have given orders , and directed the gendarmes to arrest the reformer Rouge , if he should come into that district , and deliver liim up tojustice . "
POLAND . Accounts from St . Petersburg state than an ukase is about to be published which will do away with the last remaining boundary between Russia and Poland , and incorporate the latter entirely in the Russian empire . \ The custom-houses between Russia and Poland are to be put down on the 1 st Jan ., 1 S 40 , so that the produce of thc two countries will circulate freely .
TAniTI . Reported Sinking of as English Steamer _nv A Fkencii Fmoate . —By the Indus , which arrived at Liverpool on Saturday last , advices have been received from Valparaiso to the 2 Sth of June . A letter , dated the 21 st of July , addressed to a mercantile house in this town , contains the following rather startling announcement : — " Wc have a report here that her Majesty ' s steamer Salamander has been sunk by a French frigate , the Uranie at Tahiti ; but we have not been able to trace the report . " We need har J ly say , that if this rumour sliould prove correct , thc occurrence which it describes would , indeed , be " an untoward event , " and might lead to very serious consequences ; but , in thc absence of uiiy information as to the source of the report or thc channel by which it had reached Valparaiso , we cannot co nsidcr it entitled to credit , particularly as a letter o f the 2 Sth gives no further information respecting it .
ANOTHER BATTLE IN NEW ZEALAND . The following is an extract of a letter received at Lloyd ' from their agent at Auckland , under date the ' 2-lth of May : — ** The blockade of the port at the Bay of Islands is st'll in force . " Another engagement has taken place between the natives and the soldiers , in which tlie latter have been partially successful . About 14 soldiers and marines were killed , and the large number of 37 wounded . The natives , on the other hand , have about 100 killed , and a large number wounded . " Hostilities have for the present ceased , and the troops arc on their way returning to this place ( Auckland ) . " — Times ,
THE RIVER PLATE . PROGRESS OP THE INTERVENTION . Liv' _-ri'o ' ol , Oct . 22 . —The following important advices liave been received from the River Plate : — _IJtiExos Avbks , Aug . 19 , 1 S 45 . —The advices from Montevideo arc up to thc 17 th . Several of Brown ' s vessels are fitting out under the French and English flags , aud the Montevidcan flotilla of boats , & e ., was netting ready , it was supposed , for a cruise up the Uruguay . The French eurvottc Expeditivc _, and the
English schooner Dolphin , returned tins morning . We do not know what the plans ofthe Admirals may be . Apparently Oribe will not evacuate the _Montevideo ! territory unless compelled by superior force , and the Admirals , although supreme by water , are very weak on land . In Buenos Ayres everything remains quiet , but the Gaceta has become very violent in its leading articles . Yesterday the Sala ( House of Representatives ) met , and all the documents were laid before them regarding the * negotiations . These are very voluminous .
August IS . —Two hundred English marines have landed at Montevideo . Several English and French vessels have gone up the Uruguay to reconnoitre , audit is now supposed that all amicable negotiations arc at an end . Rosas makes a merit of showing the utmost protection to all thc English on shore . It will , in all probability , be a long affair with the forces now in thc river , but it is supposed they do not wish to push the matter , in thc expectation oftlie arrival of additional vessels . The Saia was occupied yesterday in reading the correspondence between tliis Government and the foreign Ministers , which it is supposed will occupy them three days more ; after which the discussion will take place .
August 20 . —Itis said that the French and English forces intend taking immediate possession oi'Colonia , and placing a garrison there ; and this , being a central point , will prove ii rendezvous for thc disaffected of Oribc ' s army . The feeling gains ground here to-day that Rosas will resist to the last , so confident is he in his means of resistance . It is said that he intends putting the town under martial law , _iincl turning every male out to drill each day , an- keeping at least 15 , 000 men under arras in tli *' _.- lOWII .
India And China Arrival Op The Overlaxd ...
INDIA AND CHINA Arrival op the _Overlaxd Mail , ly v „„ _, o nAY Mornlw _, Oct . 2 . 5 .-Lettcrs p * x _* ' l K " first of the regular bi-monthly m * \ C P P _* . by the express yesterday . The ma * ' . _*^« were received by telligence from Lahore , w _\' ± _,, inss interesting m-( _iuecn-Mother and V ' i ; " f l , ? o ,. ? 1 e 0 \ 'f rnnicnt . oi . _"" precarious state . p _^ _LTS' , the W » zeer . » * ' - » at Attock _, on •> , ' lll \ ° ™ "Si-continues master sentagaim' * _' _, ; , V ? _" ?» _a"cl hn » beaten some troop ? the we" v m ' lle has been J 0 '" ed by Toi Sin » h _^ _ifSsrT ? r r _Avitabg _, a _ci men _^ _Kandh 2 » _flSf _2 df ift | _t _^ ceived from the _irerafS _af r ? r rWn _^ _^ fcd
S he is w \ S ; JT _^ _" _^ _£ > J _™> oo wneie uc is watching the course of events and regulating the web of his intri _^ i ffr his future . advancement . The news X _llhanistan is conflicting ; some represen _n- Dhost T \ Z 3 ° A m _n _V ' _wl--le _ofocw contend that thc notorious Achbar Khan , his son and Wu / . ecr , _wi » preparing to move towards tho Indus and
India And China Arrival Op The Overlaxd ...
to seize Pesiiawur , In the interim * of lin . 'ia fntn . ( _juility prevails ; thc state of the Nizam ' s dominions and also of Oudc is described as bordering on anarchy _fram the disorder of thc finances . The cholera , after having ravaged many places , was decreasing . The rains in some places overflowing , in others , particularly at Bombay rather scant ; the quantity fallen in the last named place was little more than fifty-three inches . China . —The news from China conies down to the 10 th of July ) Trade was dull at Canton and in the other four ports . The Ship 0 . C . of London was burned in the Chinese seas on the 21 st . Crew saved by the Judith , of Liverpool . A man named Ingwood . belonging to ner Majesty's steamer Driver , had been tried before the Supreme Court of Hong Kong , for the murder of another sailor , by throwing bim overboard from a boat with his hands and feet tied , lie was found guilty and hanged , in company with a Chinaman , convicted at the same sessions or robbery and assault , with intent to murder .
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C&Aitist Mehto-Enw
C & _aitist _MeHto-enw
London. Citv Localitv.—Mr. Cooper's Elev...
LONDON . Citv Localitv . —Mr . Cooper ' s eleventh lecture , last Sunday night , was , by far , the most numerously attended of any of the course . Mr . Wheeler , our general secretary , _vi as chairman , * and after " Swell the-full chorus in freedom ' s high name" had been sung , 'introduced the lecturer in a brief but very appropriate manner . Mr . Cooper Just glanced at _tlic feudnl system of France , and thc power acquired by Louis _XlV ., under the masterly , but tyrannical administrators of tlio Cardinals Richelieu and _Ma-Z'lrin . The profligacy of Louis XV ' ., and the easy nature of Lotus XVI ., with the evil ascendancy of his queen , Marie Antonette , introduced the appalling theme of the revolution . The assemblies of the
States General , the Legislative Assembly , and the Convention , were severally described—the characters of Miral'cau , Lafayette , Sieyes , _Condorcct , Marat . Dan ton , Robespierre , and many other celebrated actors in the terrible drama were sketched , and the reign of terror depicted , yery briefly , but in such a mode as to rivet the most earnest attention . Mr . Cooper only conducted the story to tho formation of the Divectory , and thc Councils of ancients and oi the five hundred , when Napoleon begins to start upon the glowing historic canvas : thc first lecture of Mr . Cs next course being intended to pourtray Buonaparte more fully . The lecturer ' s concluding observations on the -value of liberty and the necessity ol moro energetic union for it among Chartists drew forth warm assent .
Westminster . —Tho Chartists of this locality on Tuesday evening , October 21 st , held a meeting at the Sun and Thirteen Cantons , Castle-strcct , _Leiccstcrsquiti'O , for the benefit of that veteran compatriot of John Frost , " Llewellyn ; " and we arc happy to say they had a bumper . ' Thc managers had . adroitly combined for the occasion , chance of gain , vocal music , dancing , benevolence , and patriotism ; and wc think we may safel y say , that our patriot friend Llewellyn will from this source derive the means ol commencing to manufacture hats on his own account , pcr order , for his brother democrats .
M _** Tr _* orci . iTAN _Dei . KGATK Cocncil . —A meeting of the above body wns held on Sunday , Out . 19 th , atthc llall , Turnagain-lane , when the following resolutions were passed unanimously : —1 . " That the delegate council meet once a fortnight only , tor the remainder of tlie year , unless _businc-s of importance should present itselfiu the interim . ''' —2 . . "That this Council recommend to the metropolitan localities to elect delegates forthwith , to co-operate with this Council to carry out with energy the restoration of . exiled patriots ; but , should the localities neglect Iheirduty , tllis Couneil is resolved , though few in number , to exert themselves for that object .
Lamukth . _—TiibTLasd . —A shareholder s meeting to discuss the rules took place on Sunday evening last . Several excellent suggestions for the rcvisal of the rules wove pasicd , and the collection for the delegates' expenses commenced very favourably . The discussion stands adjourned until Sunday evening next ., the 26 th inst ., when it is hoped the shaveholders will attend and do their own work , so that it ' may be well done . Country subscribers , whose names a c down in this district , are requested to remit to Mr . Wheeler their delegation money and suggestions for the amendment of the rules .
MANCHESTER . Land Societv . —At an adjourned meeting of the shareholders of the Chartist Co-operative Land Association , held in Carpenters' Hail , on Suiulav , the . 19 th inst ., the following resolutions were unanimously adopted : — " Resolved that , for the better securing the interest and success of this society , the Land , for the first crop , shall be cultivated by experienced cultivators , under the supcriutendeney ofthe board of directors , or some person competent appointed by them , and that tlic £ 15 10 s . Sd . allowed to each occupant , shall be placed at the disposal of the hoard of directors , for the purpose of defraying thc sundry expenses of cultivation , _jiiii-chasc of Land , manure , and all other matters connectc - . _' . therewith ; but that should any of the shareholders ( having a
perf ect knowledge of agriculture ) apply to thc board of directors for thc necessary implements of husbandry , such shareholders shall have tlic preference over any otlier parties of being employed . " " Resolved that , in order to establish that confidence so essential to thc success and the- carrying out this grand undertaking of the National Co-operative Land Association , this meeting is of opinion that an effort should be made to get tllis society enrolled , under the designation ofthe National Co-operative Land and Building Benevolent Association ; and that we do request the diiterent branches of the society to give expression of their opinion on thc foregoing resolutions . " ( Signed ) , John Murray , agent and sub-treasurer to the Manchester branch of the above association . 10 ft ,
I raver-street
GLASGOW . Tun Lasd Sociktv . — The weekly meeting of the members of the Land soeiety was held on Monday evening , in the new Chapel , Nelson * street , Mr . Colquhoun in the chair . The ordinary business _beinsj disposed of , the chairman called the attention of the meeting to the explanation given hy Mr . Wheeler , as t ; > the item in thc ballancc sheet , under the head—Expence of Local Committees— wliich explanation lie ( the chairman ) considered anything but satisfactory , inasmuch as he considered that the full amount of £ 2 12 s . -id . per share was to be remitted to the general treasurer , clear of all expense , Glasgow had acted upon that understanding up to this period , b _' . ' . t * if the explanation given by Mr . Wheeler was to be laid down as a rule , he hoped the member . * . in this locality would _s-it t ! l _« u * face against such a mode of conducting their business , whicli , to say the least of it , was a very clumsy mode of doiiig Lmsinoss .
After several members had expressed their opinio . ' upon the subject , it was agreed , that Glasgow should act thc same as other districts , while all agreed that the full amount of each share , - £ 2 12 s . -Id . * , ought to be forwarded to the general fund . A lengthened conversation took place as to whether members holding more than one share should be allowed to draw forthe whole at once , or whether they sliould be confined to one share at a time . It ' wns ultimately moved by Mr . Smith , seconded by Mr . John Cameron , and unanimously agreed to , that in the event of Glasgow sending a delegate to thc ensuing conference , that he be instructed to use every endeavour to get a clause inserted in tlie rules , providing that tliose members holding more than one share should be allowed , on drawing a prize , to get their whole shares together . It was likewise agreed , unanimously , that the delegates be instructed to move on support a motion , providing that no member should be allowed to hold more that four acres .
The Andover Union.
THE ANDOVER UNION .
Hj-Sicsatios Of The Assistant Cum-'- Par...
_HJ-SICSATIOS OF THE ASSISTANT _CuM- ' - Parlier has resigned his office of-- ' _—ssioskb . —Mr . _missioner _, and his re *! " - _-ssistant poor-law com . ( fl obe . 0 nation has been accepted . — _\ _t ¦ A . vdovek , _Satdbdat , Oct . 18 . . the board of guardians , held last Saturday , it was agreed that seven of the guardians should meet to lool - ovor the testimonials , ifcc , of the 30 applicants for the situation of master and matron of the union v , _oi-Uhou ? c Out of tho number of applicants the following live were
selected as most fit . Mr . Wright , from Shrewsbury ; Mr . Dancer , from Andover ; Mr . Blake , froji Salisbury ; Jfr . Ulyth , Isle of Wight ; Mr . Vine , from Otterbonrne . " This morning , at a special meeting of the board of guardhms , 29 oeing present , James Blyth ivas elected . He is an old soldier , from thc same regiment as Mr . M'Dougal , nd has a family of six children . Great satisfaction is- resscd at the choice . It is feared that the bone-crush * V ill be resumed , as two or three tons of unbroken oninS ' _" ¦ -two at the union , some recently brought in . There _yjt _" _^ four the union nearly two hundred inmates ; t xxr admitted yesterday—ten women , eight men , small children .
Co.Vfusio.V Of Cause Axd Lfi*Ect. —An It...
Co . vfusio . v of Cause axd Lfi _* ect . —An itinerant preacher , when discoursing on the goooness of Providence , said , " But , my brethren , even death itsel f which , for our many offences , wc have all merited Providence has wisely . placed at the end el our lives for , oh ! what would life be worth if death were at the beginning ? " In another part he remarked "It is another instance of the goodness of Providence that large rivers always flow b y great towns "
Dforftto^
_dforftto _^
Csrtj^O-Operative La^Iociety. T Mcetincs...
cSrtj _^ o-operative la _^ _Iociety . Mcetincs for the purpose of enrolling members , and ; , transacting other business connected therewith are .. held every week on tho following days and _pls _^ _esj _* - _^ . Kf . _- i'DAY - _"VEXIM _? . i * ' . .. Sj _^ _f * _'" - * - ' - •'• Soutli London Chartist Hall , 115 , -Bliidk _^ ars-road _^ at half-past six o ' clock . —f «'/ y . Chartistihalt i ' l , Turn-: again-lane , at six o ' clock . — ilestpijiiiter : 7 at the Par-, Ithenium Club Ilooms . 72 , St . Alai'tin ' s-lnne , at na « -i past seven . —Somers Town ; atMEDutldrege ' _s , _BriCKlayi'ns'Arms , Ton bridge-street , New-road , at half-past seven—Tower Hamlets : at the Whittington and Cat , Jf
_{Church-row , Ik ' tmial-grcen , at mx o ' clock precisely . —Emmett ' s Brigade : at the Kock Tavern , _Lissonurove , at eight o ' clock precisely- -Marylebone : at tha Coach PailltOiy' Al ' _tli * , Circus-street , at halt-past
seven . M 0 XDAV KVEXIXO . Camberwell : at the Montpelier Tavern , Walworth , at eight o ' clock precisely . _Netecattlc-upoit-Tune : This branch ofthe Chartfsfc Co-operative Land Society meet in tlie house of _Afurtin Jude , Sun Inn , Side , every Monday evening , froni seven until nine o ' clock , for the purpose of receiving subscriptions and enrolling members . MiV _M'Gi'iith has been lecturing here , and has done good service to thc cause . ti ; i : si ) ay HVKMXO . Tower Hamlets : at the Whittington and Cat . Church ttow , BcU'ir . vl-gveen , at eight o ' clock . — Greenwich : at the George and
_DragonUlackhcath-, hill , at eight o ' cloek . WEn . NESllAT F . VKSMMj . Marylebone : at the _IVuiters' Arm ' s , Cii cus-stveet „ at eight precisely . ii-., . .
London.—Chartist Llall, 1, Turnagain-Lan...
London . —Chartist llall , 1 , Turnagain-lane , I * arriiigdon-strcet . —The public discussion will be resumed on Sunday niorning next , Oct . 20 th , at ten o ' cloek precisely . —In the evening , at seven precisely , Mr . 1 " . Cooper , the Chartist poet , will deliver the twelfth and last of his first _o-iursc of lectures . Subject , " llyron and modern literature -, views of- progress and prospects oftlie future . " Chartist Co-oi-jkiiativ _* - Laxd _Societt . — Westmixstkii Distmct . —A general meeting of the shareholders will be held at the Partheniuni , 12 , St . _Martin ' _s-lano , on Sunday evening next , Oct . 20 th , to consider the rules wiih a view to an early conference . 'I'he attendance ot members is requested at seven * _, o ' clock precisely , as the discussion of the rules wilt take precedence of every other business .
C . omEnwni . i , and . Walworth . —A meeting will boheld nt the Montpelier Tavern , Walworth , on Monday evening next , Oct . 27 th , at eight o'clock precisely . Hammersmith . —A meeting will be held at ihc _* Dun Cow , 11 rook-green lane , on Tuesday evening next , at eight o clock precisely . _VKruitAN Pathiots' Fund , and Exiles , Widows ,. axi > _Childiii _* ns' Fund . —The committees of these _* two funds met again jointly , on Wednesday week . Thirty-five shillings were disbursed for the relief of sufferers , and twenty-two shillings for the circulars , memorandum and minute-books , itc , ordered at the * f ormer . meeting . —Thomas Cooi'kk , Secretary , 134 , _Blackfriars' -road .
Discussio . \\—An adjourned discussion will take _, place at the llall , Turnagain-lane , on Sunday morning next . Chair taken at halt-past ten o ' clock . Subject : "Arc thc letters written and published by the Times' commissioner calculated to lead to the improvement ofthe Irish people ? " Mr . J . Dale , an Irish Repeal warden , will open the debate , and take the negative of the question . Admission free . IIexivt _Ilrai ' s _Bikth-Day . —Democratic Suiter . —The Democrats of London are informed that a public supper to commemorate thc birth-day of Henry Hunt , ' _* the champion of Universal Suffrage , " will be holden on Thursday evening , November 6 th , at the Sun and Thirteen Cantons ( Clock House ) , Castlestrcct , Leicester-square . Fcar « us O'Connor , Esq .,
is invited to prcsme on the occasion , lhe conductors ot thc Northern Stur ; Thomas Cooper , tbe Chartist poet ; and several distinguished Democrats of this and other countries will be present . Supper on the table at ei g ht o ' clock precisclv . Tickets mav be had of W . Rider , Northern Star oiiice , 17 . Great _Windmill-sti'cet ; Mr . Dyinmock , 1 , _Melliclcplneo , _Russ _' _.-ll-strcct , Bermondsey ; Mr . Edwards , Wostonstreet , Bennondsey ; Mr . Keen , 8 , St . Patrick ' s , terrace , Brunswick-street , Dover-road ; Mr . Dron , Oakley-street , Lambeth ; Mr . Shaw , 21 , Glouccstcrstrccf , " Commercial-road East ; Mr . _Illingworth-Kpping-place , Mile-end-gate , * Mr . Overton , 14 , Tabernacle-row , City-road * , Mr . 11 . lloss _, Hammersmith ; Mr . Ford , Knightsbridge ; and at the bar ot the Clock-House , Castlc-street , " Leicester-square .
A _D' _-mociu'eio bni-rBB , in honour oi the birth-day of Henry Hunt , will be held at thc Whittington and Cat , Church-row , _Betlinal-grtcn , on Wednesday , Nov . 5 th , 1 S 45 ; several distinguished English and Foreign Democrats will attend . Thomas Cooper , thc Chartist poet , will preside on the occasion . Supper on the table at eight o ' clock precisely . Tickets may be had of the following persons * . —Mr . Shaw , 2-4 , Gloucesterstreet , Commercial-road , East ; Mr . Illingworth , 9 , Epping-place , _Mile-cnd-gate ; Mr . Bli ght , li , Thomas street , Stcpnoy * , Mr . Drake , StamUvd of Liberty , _lirick-iane , . Spitalfields , * Mr . Mitchell , 15 , Church-row , Bethnal-green ; Mr . Kirby , 25 , Underwood-street , Mile-end New Town ; Mr . Davis , IS , _Applcby-strcct , Pearson-street , _Kingstond-road ; Mr . Mills , l , New Inn-street , Shoreditch ; Mr . Randall , Church-row , Bethnal-green ; and Mr . Lefever , 11 , Dunk-street , Mile-end New Town .
Emmhtt _' s _Biiigadk , Rock 1 avern , Lisson-grove . — The members of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society , and the members of the Charter Association , arc requested to attend on Sunday evening , at seven o ' clock , for the purpose of reorganising the above locality . Maryi . i-boxe . — Mr . Linden will Jecture at the Painters' Arms , Circus-street , on Sunday evening ,. October 2 Gth . Subject : — " Thc advantages of union and co-operation amongst the producers of wealth . " To commence at half-past seven * precisely . Somers Tows . —A meeting of the Somers Town blanch of the Chartist Co-operative Land Societywill be held at Mr . Doddridge ' s , Bricklayers' Arms , T ' _onbridgc-strcct , New-road , on Tuesday evening , October 21 , at eight o ' eleck , for the purpose of moving the instructions for delegates for thc forthcoming ' meeting .
_Bii-stox . —The members of the Co-operative Land Society are requested to meet on Sunday next _. Oft , 20 lJ ) _, at six o ' clock in the evening , at tlie houso of Mr . Joseph Linney , sign of the White Horse , High-street , _Bilston , _SxocKPortT . —Mr . Ambrose Hurst , of Oldham , hi engaged to lecture in the Chartist Association Room , Bombar ' s Brow , on Sunday , the 2 Cth instant , on | 'The rights and wrongs of labour , " at six o ' clock in the evening . Mr . J . It . Cooper , of Manchester , will lecture here , in the abovc room , on Sunday , the 2 nd of November , at six o ' cloek in the
evening-Subject : "Themoral and intellectual advancement of the people . " The singers will meet and practise for Christmas at two o ' clock next Sunday afternoon . Lancashire Miners . —The next general delegate meeting of Lancashire Miners will be held on Monday , November 3 rd , at tlic Bull ' s Head , Lambert _, head-green , Peniherton , near Wigan ; chair to be taken at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon . Tliere will also be a public meeting , which will be addressed by IV . P . Roberts , Esq ., and several other gentlemen . The levy for the fortnight , including general contribution , is Is . 4 d . per mcmliei ' . . Maxciiester . —The district committee of
theAsaJ' _- 'ation ot united trades lor the Protection ot Industry meet at the Railway Inn , Deansgate , for the . transaction ot business every Wednesday evening , afcliall ' -past seven o ' clock precise . ' / . Phestox . —A general meeting of the niOlnberSof the Preston branch of the Chartist _Co-operatiy-i Land Society will take place on Sunday _evening November 2 nd , at Mr . _Howorth's , Temperance Hotel , Lane-street , to take into consideration the propriety of amending the rules and otlier business connected with the forthcoming Conference . Chair to be taken at cignt o ' clock precisely . A branch of the United Patriots' Benefit and Provident Society will be formed on Tuesday evening next , October 28 th _, 18 iff . at the liouse of Mrs . Walmslcy , Old Dog Inn , Churchstreet , Preston . - *
Land Societv . —The members of the Citv ,: * _ti- [ cfe are respectfully requested to ro _«* _^ the Hall , I , lurnagam-lanc , on _s v : > _i ' iiiy ncxfc ; 2 flth inst >> atflve o _ciock- _^ _« _^ uus luess 0 f imp 0 rtauoo , and also to take into consideration the objects of the ensuing
_Conference . Mr . Doyle will visit tho following places on ' his route to London : —Sunday , 27 th instant , Macclesfield ; Monday , 2 Stli , Uaiiley , Staffordshire Potteries ; and Tuesday , Longton . MANCIIESTER . —CARl-ENTEns' HALT .. —Ml * j R 11 Bairstow , of Leicester , will lecture in Carpenters ? 1 all on Sunday ( to-morrow ) , in the afternoon , at two 0 clock , and in the evening at half-past _sii . Mr Henry Dorman will lecture in thc same place on _Sun-
i _i"i ' i Sou IjAX CASinnij Delegate Meeting will DC Held on Sunday ( to-morrow ) , at ten o ' clock in the morning in the Chartist Association Room , Millstreet , Rochdale . AliMLEY , xEAn Leeds . —This branch of the Chartlst Co-operative Land Society meets in the house of Mr . H . Oates , shoemaker , Towngate , every Monday evening , from seven until nine o ' clock , for the purpose of receiving contributions and enrolline new members . B BARxsLEY-The members of the _ChartiaOo-onevatwo . Land Soeiety are requested _^ -meetfit M & . _& _" _* _fe ° !\ _M ° _!* X Y _™ g . - _Ocfc 27 lk _«* ejlwl 0
_rr i '\?™ _lortncoijiing : conferenco > -Mh * friends of equality in Barnfleyi _Waft ng , Nov 10 th ( n _^ honour of that tl _ffi _an
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 25, 1845, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_25101845/page/1/
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