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ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.
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ABSTRACT OF M R . GILES THIRD LECTURE ON SOCIALISM . -: SctJzcT— Ckristiiuiitg and Socialism , compared as -SotJteir iJteojis ^ [ producingmorality . The Her . Gentlemen took as his text the same -portion of scripture which we mentioned in tne last -Abstract . He said—That on the- previous sabbath ¦ « wmnf he had compared the systems of Socialism ^ and Christianity with regard to their jttandards of * 3 nora } itY , J irstly , < in reference to the dnties of pety ; ^ « 5 so-vd ? i . iD re ference to ihe duties of self government-.-jt&iriHg , in reference to the duties of benevolence , vndfotnthfy , to those of subordination . He should .. sow proceed to compare them together with regard -N £ e their principles and means fortbe production of caaorality . 4 » td » m ^ ,, nr r-c TWTP-n T . KCTI 7 RE
'Were the system of Socialism as perfect as it is -deficient -with regard to its moral standard ;_ if it had a . tendency to produce piety and self government , if Stiiidft tendency to produce benevolence , and if it 3 ad & tendency to prodnce subordination in the radons relations of life , as it had an evident tendency ¦ " © pen iix its standard to produce impiety and Hcenti--oosnesa and ferocity , and anything but- mutual «* &arity and benevolence i an-i to prodnce insubordimttaon and anarchy ; yet tbe syatem would be = ahogether worthless because it was entirely destitute r- * t &those principles of morality—and destitute of those - ~~ Wffi » Hs means , by which good morals could alone ^ 3 » produced .
First , then , in illustration of there observaions , 1 &g would observe that it conld not have this tendency 3 b « aose it was utterly destitute of authority . A law ^ ritbout authority was worthless ; and the Social system considered as a law—as that which was to - ^ dde men ' s actions—was utterly without authority ; ^ cd therefore , if it were as perfect as it was viciim * aaits standard of morals it would be utterly nseless . ^ Tith regard to Christianity , every Christian received Tus moral instruction from that book which be knew by irrefntable evidence to be the book of God . He - ^ scj-ived it from that book wbicli -was -written . under _ ^ iie _ influence of inspiration , and in-testimony of wkich he had those evidences which had beenVx-~ smined and scrutinized and turned over and looked zicto , on every side ; th . » se evidences which had been inspected ia every crevice and in every part ; and yet " by the grand verdict of mankicd , in successive ages , ^ amiing whom Christianity had been proclaimed , and
* % j the almost universal verdict of the Itemed , and - ^ rise , and profound , it had been pronounced invulnerable and irrefutable . The Christian , thrrwfori * . ~ 5 tt every moral pivcept of his fy .-tem heard that voice speaking to him by which the world itself witsspoken lam existence , and by which it would ultimately be ^* poten ont of existence agiiin ; that voice which * ha . d dictated the laws of nature , which had told the planets in vrhat paths tuny were to move , and tbe TFaves of the sea where , they were to s ' op . a : ; d lie ¦ sail ; that voice which was in irself the very stability ¦ _ - © f narure , and that voice bv which the graves would ^ kixaateiT be opened , and the dead , small and great , -scalled before the tribunal of God ; that voice which = * poke to the Christian in evt-ry syllable of those J 3 > ora . l precepts which were delivered ia the Gospel . j " When therefore tiie Christian turned to hi ?! moral . ^ system ,. he-saw it to "be enforced hy all that was solemn in authority ; ctr . ifce .
"__ Bat if we turned to the Social system , we would iSsd it to he utterly destitute of autliority . Siijiposirjjr -it * r _ ere ever so ao , > d , npt-n what ; : uuiority did ft rest ? The authority of a mere man—a poor miser-- * ble Dlind worm of the earth—of a man whose ififarnated inconsis ' . iujcies and contradictions and -assertions served to shew that he had rua : e but a f fi&nr use of that little measure of reason and knowiedre which he possessed , dec . < fcc-How vain then to attempt to hold mankind by rsacli a ^ ystrin as xhis ; how vai n to attempt to govern thti world by authority Hie this . To -aiu-mpt such a - -thing was as vain and mad as to tether an elephant -3 fco a daisy , or t » hope by a cable of gossamer "to 3 w » ld a man of war whVn tossed upon the waves . " or ; £ riven by the storm .
Second / ff , Christianity ha . d the means " of producing isiorality and virtue , not only bv its authority , hut ^ ecan-e it facilitated the observan ce of them bv saeans of a perfect example . Plato , on one occasion , had said , that if virtue could become incarnate and make her appearance in -Silts world , all men would fall down in adiriratiou ^ asd Jove of her . Now . tbonah he vras rnist . tken with regard to lh- - » resnlL , yet the sublime and beautiful idea was realised in the Son of God . The Reverend 'Centit-man then briefly ran through the most distinguishing characteristics of the Saviour , in or . ier to grrove that he was a perfect personification of virtue . Tnas then we had not only a Perfect standard uf 'Virtue given to n ? , hnt we h " u . d it present before us ; » e saw it living , moving , and acting in our presence —the very being whichwe were denied to be .
_ How dinvrent wa ? the case with regard . to Socialism 1 It had no such an example . Were its moral system ever so good it hai n ? vw been embodied > o T&ar we nrght see what it was . Indeed wht-n we -= eadeavoured to disentangle the principles of Socialism ~ &sn that thicket of mystery in which it was involved , the SociaHst told us we did not understand it ; thnt a £ was imposjdble from the action of those principles -a © m * n in his present circumstauoes that we shuuld ¦ 3 » se any conception of what those principle * would ie when they come to act upon men of their "new TSlganizatioH ; and thus we are entirely dest itute ^ af any example of any living individual by which ¦ kb should measure ourselves ; and the Socialist thus -calls upon us to aim at a inark which is oat of sight , ^ a become a being th-: t i oes not , and csDaot . uiider Resent circumstances exist , and to aim to form lor Tatbers a _ ckaractrr of which we can have no kind of «© ncepr ion . ( Lond cries of " hear , hear . ' " ) "
Thirdly . —Christ aniry has a tendency to prodnce "Siorality , because it has m its doctrines the means « f ^ producing a refiuement , and elevation , a :: d » grea . taesd of mind of wVich Socialism : s alti'gsih ^ r ierfitnt *? . Referring , for instance , to the existence , 3 ke perfections , and the government of tlie Eternal ^ S « d , and thus placing before the mind an object » liich for ever filLs and expands it with idea * oi the holiness , greatness , and goodness of that being we saw perpetually growing and eiilargin ? in our ideas 2 nd feelings , of th - relationship in which ffliajUad ^ aot to this world only , bet to the world of spirit--, xEose mighty heings which are perpetually mo \ iug 3 « nmdus , the relation also in which we * stand to 4 ie father of spirits himself , being linked bv our
Tauonal nature even to the throve of God— :-peBui ? tie eternal world and revealing to us the bliss and : giory of heaven . —that place of rest where inovrledge acd holiness , and love shall be perfect , and where aR shall be calculated to advance and exalt the mind | nhappiness , and purity , and benevolence : revealiag to us all these things , there is in Christianity that - « iuchis calculated to . raise and elevate the mind ; ^ » cd just in propornon as the Christian is true to his . jBriuciples , just in proportion as he lives under the -fiiereaseof faitb , jtust m that propornon . will he rise 5 a the ^ idst of his religion 10 a dignity of thought aad ferliag and character that leads him to ¦ desp ise that which is low and mean and grovelling « sd contemptible . And whilst this apocalypse of lose and glory and bliss mav be calculated m one
sense to impress-the hnman mmd with a sense of irs -owa comparative if . signiricaisce and nothingness , ^* ad thus to produce uumility ; at the same tirce , by ^ enabhng man to read Jie dignity of his intrllHctual = * £ ure , by the h " ght of his high and exalted relationsftnps , it ca Is npoa him to treat , wiih comparative segUxt and indifference , the pleasures of a worm , -auid aspire after rtose holy and deathless pleasures ^ nch bfclonjr .-to : he tenice of the eternal God Bence he is elevated beyond thoselitrie pakrv meanaiesses which
may be practised with perfect con--siaencr by the me ' n of tbe world ; he is led to look -spon those little thoughts that tempt him to look for sroddiy comfort in preference . to virtue and to all -tHit h great and ennobHng to the mind ; he is piu ^ ht *> f Ms reHgion to look upon those things with the ^ amost contempt ; to . prefer what Is great and exajjjng , and ennobling , to that which is . little and yslcry imddeba . « ing ; to prefer thatwh \ chAs . ri"ht ; o -tk&X which' is convenient , that which is plea-- * injj to < J » d to thai which is pleasing for a time to his fellow
s . . But the Social system is altogether destitute of ¦ Siose means of elevating , the mind . The Socialist ? everse » the telescope , aud teaches yon to look upon aa » -a ) ell-tbat is littie , in all'that is " p ' ahry , in all _|» ai is mean and wnnanptfble in connection with to nature , teaching ybm to look upon-man . not in * s « - glury of his reason and immortality , but in those 2 »» m which he is Uke to the brutes that perish-^ ching you to look upon man in this world as a ' ^ j u tt ?' * « e mas * of living and animated ciay . It leads you to bitterness of feeling : it iZF ^ -HM * ^ ^*** 1 ™^ form the- most IfSTh atLd t ^ nata < e ' ^ consequently fW ^^^^ dP ^ ace ^ hich aW would man
. ^ nectly correspond to' that " nltVre . * WaTt f ^ phmg you ^ look upon as a creature of in > jaoridity , it teaches you to look upon him aT-a ^* ta « . , ^» - «* aj-: = -ia « e t aable ekt ^ d -siith the |> reaih of chance , tossed ; upon the sea of fate , tfll it is ^ fcana . goiie ; asabelnj whehas laculties capable -w endless lmproveaaeai , and that those faculties ^^ a ttej jreacn . their . Tery height should fall into ¦ oeaai ^ s Irqm 7 » predpioe downwards to be daihed ^ . pieoes , and ( iissolvedj ^ into annihUatiofl and tlnsi . «¦ Qat can there be in such ajiystem as this to ennoble ^ a = jaxnttl : : Instead of teachiUF ws to lonkto hpntvn £ b »
*| tt alliu happiness , it shuts ii up , ar 4 writes ' . " gfU ^^ pon gate . It ' teacfcej .-yca that ^ gw ^ Joobug dqw ^ . ^ pon this wdrlc f , yoo areito »^ care of your own happiness and your own jut-JriKSf ^ * ' . ^ d thjrt jou- jj oj . fo . ldok . m afSssSsassBs pMSS ^ SssS - ^ a- * SjfflW ftj »» owi-ae ^ 'ae ^ t ^^ k ^ wfeS - « 2 hd rpu shall be clothed . " Wha Wihen , is Swre ^ S ^ ipfej ^^ fe ^^^ - = V A » ' *> eiaUsi ^ ^ w avia « e ^ wo ^ t ^ hjH ^^ Ve jie aTjit- ^^ Aszwrr ' iPsViril M- ' . ' . V , - : ^ . -:, . : ^ ' 1- > yss ^ i ^ eviV f- ^ =, - ' - -. , - . - - ¦ , s I r ; ..- . ^ i- ' ^ i . " - . . ' so ^ T . "' t i ii ' . - i ' - -lot ; ^ i . -- ~ ¦ J .-' r S ; 'i ; - ,. ; ,-, ' - - . - » . : > i - yl ~ . t , '; " :- . ¦ . -- ^ aJ
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little and contemptible being . He has nothing to elevate him above the immediate , pleasures with which he is surrounded , and thus his whole life consists in a continued scene of grossness and sensuality . The Rev . Gentleman then observed in the fourth place , that Christianity had the means of promoting morality , because it not only revealed the existence of superior intelligences , and our relation to them , but it placed man perpetually under their supervision . It not only taught ns that those beings do exist , but that they were for ever near us , that they were about oer path , and this had a powerful influence to produce morality . Am . d the various principles of the human mind Httle and contemptible being . He has nothing to
there was that which made man ever anxious about pnblieity ; there was that which made him stand n awe of public opinion . Christian principle p laced him undcrthe action of this great principle . It never left him alone ; it told him that wherever he was , he was never alone ; that wherever he might be , it taught him the folly of hoping for concealment with regard to any thing vicious—the folly of supposing that there was any thing secret which should not be revealed , or any thing virtuous that should not be made known . AYhat though all human witnesses were withdrawn from him ? Invisible witnesses were there , and were privy to all his conduct . What though every human eye were closed in slumber ? He knew he was under the fixed
observance of the ever -wa'chful . eye of that Bein gs" whose eyes were as a . flame of fire , searching the hearts and trying the reins of the children of men , " and weighing every thought , and action , and word . Wherever he might be , therefore , he was under that kind of influence that had a tendency to destroy within him the lore of vice , and to cause him to be ' abashed and ashamed if every thoDght that rose within him in opposition to that which was right and good . With regard to Socialism all was the reverse , all this snperintendance and supervision was removed . Socialism taught man to look upon himself as the mere creature of a day who was passing rapidly away ; as the only intelligent Wing in the
universe : it ielt him without any check upon his private hours , without any thing to counteract fraud , falsehood , orhypocricy . ..- \ fter considerable " atnplication tending to show tbe itamoral tendency of Socialism for want of the check upon the conduct of m ; = n mentioned above , the Rev . Gentleman concluded his remarks on tl : Is head by sayiug— " Every tree is to be known by its frnit . A good tree conld not bring fonh evil fruit nor an evil tree good fruit ; " and therefore it would be in vain—it would be madness in him to expect to irat er the grapes and figs of virtue from that system in wliich he saw nothing but the thorns and thistles of rice .
'V ' c-i Rev . Gentleman ha- ? two other points viz ., — " That the Christian system had a tendency to produce morality , because it not only teaches us the presence and supervision of those superior intelligences , and especially of God , bm likewise our accountability andropousibiliiy to thatBtfiujj which the Socialist endeavours entirely to destroy . " Also , " That Christianity has the means of ' producinj : morality in c > . u ;* e ! iupuce of that amazing display , oi divine lo > e ma- ' . v ; to us in the gr .-at pVau of salvation offered in the Gospel . "
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77 « Et / fe . 'i of " Tlie Sorlhern S < ar" icisk to be distinctly tnvtrrtinod , thai in njjfiliuif a VL . ' ride fur I he ttifjn&sivn u gr-al PutAic liuestvjus , th ^ y are nut to be idcmituit trili . Uit Sentiments or Hie Jjuyucye of their teceral Cornspondirnlt .
SOCIALISM A : xD 0 WEXI 51 I IDENTICAL
TO THE EDITORS OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Gextlemex , —1 wish to say a few words in reply to a letter which appeared iu vour last week ' s paper headed , * ' Socialism v . Chvruism , " and signed " 1 ' hoinas Stewart . " TLe writer states " lliat he has been fwr many years a Sucialist J-utnotan Owenite . ' ' This is jasc as reasonable as * ayiug he is a Christian but by no means a follower ol Christ . If you stop a drunkard , a thief , or even an assassin iu the sired and ask him ihe questiou , he will tell you Luis a Cunstian , and why—because Christ : uny is supposed to imply all that is -virtuous andrecoiiimendutoryinits cli-. sracter . Upon the same urhiciuk- vour
correspondent calls himself a Socialist because the name has a pleading > uumj—aud , implies the possession of those qualities ino > t ila :. u-ring to our nature . Now Gendt-men , 1 have not been f . » r vite year a Soc : ^ . ist , and yet am 1 convinced t ' nat Mr . Sie » . iri never wus a Soci ; di > r , or be wouk hinudf better unuerstaud the meauing i > f th ; it which he , -eetiis so auxiuu- * " should b- duiy and fully kuovru bv vo ^ r myriad readers . " The lollowi-rs of . Mr . Uwt-n ' ciii thi-mstlves Socliili > is , First , Because their principles have a direct u-ndeucy t- > socialize ail parties , bv remo \ iug the cau .-e ot uL-cord and oi" degiadutioii , and teacliing raaukiud to be rational . SecouJlv . Because the afiixm- ' of Air . Ovrtru's name to tiie
as ~ ociaUi :-n woui'i impart to it somewhat , ot a secular character , and we all k'unv tbe world hits had enough of tbat . And , therefore , though in r-alitv we are Oweuitcs just iu proportion as we are Soci ; ifists , we do not wish to be called auvtliiug but the latter , because it might be th- ^ jjlii " time we were committing the fauk of the old world in following a mai . inrtead of truth , which would savour of superatnioii the fruitful cause ol so much Jelly , blaspbemv and ini .-erj-. liccausr * , we are Justified iu claiming tube calleo Sociaiists , b ^ -cau ^ eou ^ object is to /' rult-rnize the world , ami we tiiid that the more our '" minus are iintjn . ed with the , principles , tUe in . » re s ; cval wenaturally become . Now , Mr . S . erroneously i ; np : ie .-
that we may alt become 6 ociali » t > , however widely we may airier in opinion or religious persuasion . This Wtrre a cousuiuuiitiou devoutly to ba v > i » Led "if nature had ordained it possible . * ' liutif 1 Iook around me , i rind trie religions competit : is of all denominations * for the loaws and fishes , are culling each others tLroats , aud tiiert-1 ' . re 1 caimui think them even tolerant , inuch less social . Bej-iJr-s . Mr . Owen has tr ied it , aii-t fuuim tbat thti social feelings can never be properly . cultivated , or happuiers realized whereenurn allowed to exist . He therefore invites all to discuss thu truth of liis principles , and thereby to become titled lor their enjoyuiem . " Where theu is the exelusiveiifjsx ?
Yours , &c , ¦ H . H . HORTON . Manchester , Oct . 18 th , 1 S 3 S . * Look at the speeches of M'Neale and M Gee in this town , as proof of the avowed hostility fostered between Catholic and Protestant .
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TO THE EDITORS OK THli NORTHERN STAR . Gextlemex , —I really do think that I never enjoyed myself so much at any place , as 1 hav- done , lor the last , muntli , at this lovely spot . The air is so salubrious , the scrnery id so beauti : ol , aud the people are so kind and generous , tbut 1 could almost wish that this were my biding place . Soon , however , 1 must turn my back on a place , which will always be endeared to me by the sweetest recollections . Some of your reader * will perkaps be interested by a recital ot what 1 have seen since 1 last wrote to you . 1 hey will thereby learn somewhat of iho ^ e circumstances which have conduced tu my happmr-ss whilst 1 have sojourned here . Besides amusing ourselves with bathing and rambling on the beach , we occasionally take short excursions on land .
On Monday , Mrs . O . and I walked to Rhndtflac , to call on the wortliy near , who received us with great kindness ; we visited the church and church-yard , and the nat ional school . We were indeed delighted . The little fellows in the school seemed so robust and healthy , and-withal so orde-ly and happy , that I could nut but contrast taem with those of their own age in my own country , who , instead of being *• brought to Jesus , " are saenfaed to Moloch . On Tuesday , our kind and worthy landlord , the of the
owner- him * e at which we are lodging , who resides at Rhydorddy-vren , was so obliging as tolt-nd us his htirse and tng , and te accompany us to his bmh pLice , -Tyadyu-u-cill . We had , iuueed , a most delightful nde . Our excellent friend and guide , Mr . Robert Jones , conduced much to our pleasure , by pointing out everything interesting . He is a true sample of a Wekb mountaineer . Amiable , kind , unsophisticated , exceftmvly obliging , and disinterested ^ and evidently most ardently attached to every nook and comer of the mountain , on the side ol which he first drew breath . . - ¦ - " ¦ ¦¦
On our way , we passed over a most fertile countrv before we reached tt » e mountains . We saw the lead works at the foot of the mountain Talar-goch , and then entered ihe secluded'viHnge of D ysert . J t is a lonely spot ; its church is substantial and plain ' its parsonage is smng -and comfortable ; 1 entered a cottage , and , oh , bow be&ntifully dean it was . There Uveu .-a Wesh labourer , his wife , and eight childrensind all were happyv The waterfall at this place was ones a heau&iul spot ; but the water is now tnmed for . the -use of the lead works , and we saw miy the severed rock&betweeri which the water formerl y descended , and the cavern into which it AM . We next began-to ascend the mountain Voel 1
Mtwnvpagsing rtiroagh the litde village' of Pen-yl ^ rja , where we h&d a > beauufaVfierw oT the mbnntaui Uraig-bacb . ; and- its ancient c&itle in ruins . When we ainv ^ d * t Tyddyn-n-cilJ , we left our rg . and hor * v and our friend proceeded to lead tw ouwsKbfotbSjHrmmaof VoeL - 5 * mrujhtJwas » aled . I ; l >« came qnite dizzy , from the ;» teraaoii « ad irteepnesa ofthe path , 1 wa * o ^ lig ^ p i » y . ? iow ^ whilrt M « . O ^ laughing toost ^ fiBr ^^^ roc ^ eded with- her ^ guide to the summit II « K 5 nde * d Aei ^ atedtofsi * he * trip-s » mmhly o rer qifficnltieniriuph idared not to eaconnter . When I
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had 4 little recevered . 1 crept down the very * te « p part , and Went in search of an easier path . 1 found one , and at last I gained the topmost poi -t . I was again dizzy . I enjoyed the view as I laid prostrate oh the grass . On th " e very summit there is most excellent pasturage for sheep , as well as a cave of brilliant red and white npar . But what a view ! In front and on either han , a range of mountains ; and between thein , the whole length and breadth ef the rich and fertile Vale of Clwyd . To deecribe this view is far beyond my power . The venerable and renowned castles ; the ancient cathedral aud her tributary churches ; the mansions , parks , and woods of the noble gentry ; the spacious and well-stacked farm yards ; the convenient and numerous farm houses ; the countless comfortable white cottages , the had A little recevered . 1 crept down the very . steHp
cattle in a thousand fields ; the diflereut lints of the foliage and of the inclosures ; the towns of Rythin , Denbigh , and Rhuddlan ; and then sweet lirtle Rb y l skirting the vale , and tbrmiug a sort of feather-edge between the land and sea ; and lastly , Neptune's great pi ying field , spreading its measureless : > xpanse . until heaven seemed united with the scene , did , altogether , form a view so maeriificent , so rich and lovely , as I never saw belore , " such as , iu my opinion , can only be seen from that spot . Just now the devil has plauted two footsteps in this paradisetwo of his temples are there building ! As I looked upon that fertile valley , I asked , why should the labourers who produce all that wealth , De doomed to dveii in prison * ? Why should they be denied those littlecottages ? Tie only answer I could obtain
was , because Lord Brougham has declared , " that they are idle and dissolute !!! " The stacks , the flocks , and herds , the numerous buildings belore me , all gave the lie to such a charge ! Well , 1 looked at the mansions ofthe nobles , aud then at the bastiles , and 1 hoped that heaven would sent his * lightnings soon to burn up one or t ' other , Amen ! We had a delightful- , ride to Rhy dor idy-wen . There , our kind aii d excellent hostess had prepared for us not more than we needed or expected—a comfortable repasty we may well say , the Welsh lire wry kind . We partook ot Mr . Jones ' s hospitality * and then walked home to Rhyl . We relused the kind ofl ' er of the gig , because it is such a lovely walk . We havi not often enjoyed our ourselves so much iu one day .
Whust . I have been here , I hn . ve attended two public dinners , where 1 have met ivith the most warm and irieudly reception . Cue was at St . Asaph . It was for . the benefit of , and out of respect to , pour Mrs . Williams , who , from misfortune , is obliged to leave the Mustyn Arms in that city . It is reidJy delightful to see the interest which ' the g « nt j , farmers , aua shop-keepers take ill their neighbour ' s weal or woe . Ihe other oinuer was on a more pleasing occasion . It was the "house-warming " at the Alustyu Arms here . Most of the gentry , tfce . in the _ neighbourliood putrouized ihis Uunier , and truly it deserved iht-ir patronage . I uevtr saw so sumptuous , so exc .-llf nt a feast . There was everything ; everytlijng was of the best , and served up in tae bf > i stjltfimaainable .
It so happfus tuat juur humblft servant was forced iutotlie chair . 1 periormed my duties to the best oi in . } wilting—the irieuds were so kmd , that all . nay ut-fects - ¦ ere overlooknd—1 w > s delighteJ with them —aud their kind nets forced them tu bes . itisfied with ice . How different istlie treatment I receive here , from that wliich 1 have received irom one . for whom I h . ive sacrificed health , fortuin' , and whai little tu ent lwiis endowed with ; You have no idea how kiu . Ji y 1 am ir « -nu-ti Ly the \ Vfish . ' 1 tie oilier day une knnJ l . irme .- .-eiit iia u bract ? ol bi'autiiul partndgi's aud a phe ; istv .. t ; then yeau-iday , Mrs .. Harris uf me Mostyn Arms , would make Us accept ol tin ; fines fiOi-.-e 1 ever tasted , although , only the day unions her kind h :. sbHim had .-ent us in a . butlie ot the
u : ie .-t old Madeira ever dr . ink . 1 eatt-rday , a laniiHr took me hy the hand , aud said , " I ii ' iu a Wiiig and you are a lory—but I butt : me New Poor Law as much as you do , oh ic's a crutd tiling to ? epHnile ma . i and wi ' e !"—and then he suid , *• Dun ' t order an thing fur Tuesday ' s dinner , 1 am golni ^ to send you a nice little roarluig pij ; . " My uoou lr . ends in Yorkshire will .-mile , when iney Lear how kindly " the Old King" is tientnil by th « Welsh . Thesi kindnes .-r . s are valuable in themselves , to a ]) i ' . ? ion iu my present circumstances , but , the eehng which prom u is the donors , makes ihem of in limit ; vuluu
me . Bur , now for the New Poor Law , and ' its workiiijrs in the agricultural d ; at icts . " See the ba » e vill . iny of its j-upporiers ! 1 was lately - couversm with-u most exce . leiit clergyman who resi-eri hear this ]> lace ; he jaid , when 1 coniuiaiu of the New Pour L = > . v hen .-, and say ' * mat I um sure we should be Letter without it , ' 1 am . always told , * Yrc , truo enou g h , it is no : ueces » ury ht-ro * in these ajjricultur . tl ir . stricis but then it uoes so much good in the manufacturing districts , find ihcy are so wry important , thui \\ f . iiiusl put up wiih { ijcouveni :-ncc . s , lor ll > . e .-akv-of the nianuf . iciurers ! ! ' " TU- viil : iin .- tlieb- ' . se scouu rels ! ! The diabolical v . ; etcheri ! ' . ] but assure jly the . r .-in wi 1 find Uumii oul !"
This day , I have recei \ ed a letter from anexcellt-nt fneno , a n-ctor in a soiilh . country a ^ r . cultural co nty . I cannot avoid ' extracting a lew pa » Hgcs . They will , l am sure they will , give pleasure to ma . ny of your renders . Oh ' that the clergy geiu-rully would i ; ik-. ' their stand against this accur ed law oi ileuis ! xMy fm-nd says , * 1 cauuot d < sert , that in tht ^ primitive days ot Chrisuauity no one expired Irom neglvct and starvation , but , i wil ussinucuiid maintain , that , ot Uie m-njbers ot the Christian
Institution , in the npostohc Uay . < , notiaie was stltteved to perish , nor * o pine in want , from its apathy and n < 'gii ^ riiCf , for the prevention ot this was most clearly a decided principle , laid down hy the ilivme l . iwj : i \ er , on- 'the very louuduium ' of the Chrisiitu ecoiiomy . \ Vho can peruse those most uuvcum ^ passawt-.- - , and their application by the Divine Fwuudt-r , » 1 was hu . gry kud ye gave me not to eutthirtsty and ye gave me nu drink—naked and ve clotlied me n it—a stranger and ye took me n : t in . ' aud , with decency or reason argue the coiunrv ?
• Distiibutiuu was madeirom the lund . -yfthectiurch , as each had need . ' From this fund the poor were suffveitiiitly , prudently , and carelully jirovided f . ir ; impropriety of conduct , put this ' bounty , nay it hecaiLe a right , into ubeyauci— .-still that index o ! Christian charity remained , ' if thine erirmy hunger , feed him , if he tuirst , give him drink . So liiar , wen a libern . 1 coustruciion , instead of a Constrained one , was to be put upou tins right to relief . It n 1 Vr < i ' ore , this nation proless membership iu the Catholic
Chnrchof Ctinsr , and pretend or tmpy to enj . > y tl »; tavour and blessi .-. g which is promised to that church , it is bound , it must fulfil the precepts or pl , ; in commandments ot Christianity , as well as profess and advocate its doctrines . And are they fulfilled" while we read in provincial and metropolitan journals incessantly , death from starvation ¦? ' Shall noc my sonl be avenged ou such a nation as this—aseedol evil dofrs , wjiich have corrupted them .-elves ? Your aarrneuts are moth eaten , your riches are cankered ifec . ' "
' ¦ The nation therefore cannot pretend to stand upon Christianity . 11 " then the rulers of the country discard Christianity , in their acts oi legislation , they release the poor Irom Christian obligation « ofar , iimi U > ey are thrown upon the assertionoi their birihright . | s a birthright deniable ? What is abiruiright ? Is it to open the eye on the effulgent canopy of tleaven . and then expire in Starvation ? U it to be le ' lt to live on precarious bounty to an hour , wherein that day is to be cursed in which we were born ? To perish with cold , nakedness-and hunger iu a kiid ot plenty ? The birthright is a conditional maintenance irom want , by one means or another ^ and who will say , if those mea s are prevented or withheld that the have not in the
poor immutable de-ieu aud law oi God , a light to obtain it , Irom those wuu hold it in unjusl adverse possession ? Is it replied that Chiistiamtyurges obedience to the powers that be , though the / be even Heathen ? ' I would answer 4 can a Heathen or Infidel casuist justly say , time we violate a ' law ( ior thisis meant by obedience to the powers that be ) when by force we are compelled to obtain that which is a right given by God to iill , and which is obstructed and withheld irom us by fraud , y iolc-nce , and oppression ? Sir , it is irrational , it is sheer blasphemous pervvr . -ion , to suppose that a Christian minister is to advocate such obedience ^ such submission , to such nwre than Heathen tyranny aa this ! I never met with the record of a ueouln in "
slavery penshmg Irom starvdtiou ! The bar « mention almost of the idea , that a Christian minister is to take such a part as this , is u disgrace to the country which . gives rise to it . It is a disgrace to Christianity when its ministers cease or shrink from boldly maintaining the cause of the poor . Is this tue way 'to war a good warfare—holding faith and a good conscience . ? . ' Is this ' charging them that'be . rich in this world , that they be not hi"h minded , nor trust in uncertain riches , but in the living God , who giveth us richly all things to enjoy ¦; that they do good—that they be rich in good works ready to distribute , ifec . V These are such perilous tunes , when the Christian minister should be firmthe times when ' men ghall be lovers of their own selves , covetous , boasters , proud . blasuhftm » M
unnoiy , without natural affection , truce-breaker * Sat »~ USerI' "co / rinent v lierce , despisers of those that are good , traitors , heady , high-minded , lovers of p easure , ir . irethan lovers of P Uo J , having a form tJS ^ Sn ^ rfr *" W ' 8 the 0 WER * 4-ito * &r 1 r ^ V , 6 Chni >« au advocate is ' to turn away / art lhZlli 1 V Vlya f °° * ™* raunent that we and ^ rill ^^ . Wmed / ., Afc Aaw ^ these , and btill worse , denied the means of acquiring %£ m } * r £ 1 S $ ? ° T ^^~« ^ an \" bI content r i ne truth , ere long , I believe , will burst wnh tremendous conviction on th £ blfnd andS fatuated country , and the crown will he th ^ sacnficial ofiFering .- . " The nnioS pSt ies / which you mention , is highly probable . MamZx S population ! Possession and theTewSLIHSS ! S ? " ^ F *! - ™* Possession , * ot % oS £ & wui
nus ren » rx JOu trnaerstand me . The tvrant spoiler against the natives of ' thVlarid ! An ^ S wide conflict-can . imaginatioQipaint the . battle ? If it is better to perzsh than be a slave ^ how mich more than dje in theJingerin * aKonies of 8 tanri ;
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turn ? On alisteniiig ear , the cry of the continuous hosts as they come on to the engagement , already tails , * , LohD , BATE US , OR WE PERISH ! Our Birthright or Death !'" . «««• ¦ Thus , writes a . worthy Rector of the ChurGh of Eu | 5 land to me . . May his brtthren in the ministry ° ' t . % e z rt f "W- ' wAww . ' fo the actual worki , * ot the New Poor Law in the agricultural districts ¦ In . the satne ^ tter h « says , "Two children in the Adjoining village , a few days ago , were taken from their mother , whose husband had deserted her , and amidst the cries of thsppor children and their parent , and the execration of the villagers against the Poor Law , were conveyed to the Poor Law Prison I was told by a lady that •• it was a painful , harrowy ~ r- ™> - tion ? On atistening ear , the crv of the - « nnri .- ; .. AnV
ing spectacle . ' " These extracts are long—their excellence is mv apology . J I have this day another letter from a clergyman in the north . He writes to me thus- " I yesterday breakfasted with a friend , who had just returned from Bedfordshire . He seems to have found , that the Poor Law is only favoured there , by such as gam and save by it . The great mass of the poor < irey he believes , ripening for dead / if revenge . A great Whig introduced him to the Bedford New Poor House , which could not be distinguished from a jail . The dressy discipline , and feeling , were all of the prison order . In passing the several wards and rooms , the turnkey turned the key and locked every door attef him and his visitors . He mw
several large 'farmer ? , most of whom declared' that they were in danger day and night '—and all ol whom very greatly deplored , ' that a paper from the north ( depend upon it thisis the Star , ) was getting into extensive circulation , containing the letters of a mad lellow , which the ploughmen buy and read witU voracious avidity . ' They said , ' that if Mad Oastler were known to be at Bedford , its streets would ^ be impassable in a few hours . '" This is all very ; good . The farmers are frightened —tliuts good . Jhe ploughmen are reading—that is bi-uer—and tli « best of all is . that we have ftdrly " broken cow" on Lord John Russt-H- ' s pet preserve Cod grant that I may soon be in Bedford to claim the brush .
I am , Gentlemen , , Your obliged servant , f RICHARD OASTLER . Rhyl , riear St . Asaph , Oct . 29 , 1838 . P- S . —On Thursday last , just before the public dinner , 1 received a copy of a letter from Victoiuaon Mr . ihornhili ' s account . I suppose that her Majesty will refer the matter to one of her judges and twelve of her subjects—so then—I shall be able to explain all the whys and the wherefores . R . O .
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¦ —C » . _ THE RADICAL REFORMERS OF ENGLAND , IRELAND , AND WALES TO THE IRlaH PEOPLE . Brothers in Political Bondage , —The deep waters which divide our shores , and the still deeper intrigues of ^• lt-intfrtjst and bigotry , which in ten thousand channels haw laboured to divide our hearts I . Hvedfd to the formation «> f prejudices opposed to our mutual interests . Those mischievous ie . lings have been carefully fostered by the interested exclusive * ol both countries . They have t-uipioyeil you to silence our demands for freedom , ami we h ; ive been engaged to keep your country in poverty and subjection . Prejudice anil ignorance-have-ever li . eeu tie grt-at allies of despoti > m . iind well do our rulers know it . Viiiun andknowledge are the twin brothers wliich shall destroy its dominion , and it is for us to let our brethren know it ; on that knowledge wilt our liberty depend , and on the establishment of that liberty , our happiness .
In addressing you , fellow-countrymen , our object is union ; for though the channel . uivides , the ocean surround * us—though bigotry would dissever , charity shuu'ld mute us—and . us the ulood of both countries commingle in our veins , and the people of both bluua their occupation * in the workshop and the field ; so , assuredly , xniderthe benisn inlluence of ! ree and equal institutions , would our liberties and interests . be . Ijlended and identified as onuunited and happy people .. We can readily ima . cjne that the oppression and injustice you have received through the Legislature ol Britain , have aroused your feelings ami deeply rooted your suspicions against our country . But we would urge you to remember that we , too , have
shared m the injustice- ^ we huve been reciprociilly tuxed to oppress , and drilled to enslave , each ' -otlur , and are still united victims of Oik same curse which plunders , oppresses , ¦ fciid ¦ blights the happiness ol both , countries—the curse of exclusive . legislation This , we feel cnuvinced , is the grfcat source of our opprc .-sion ; ignornnc ;' , immoralitv , poverty , and eiime , have ; hiir origin , positively " or negatively , in ' exclusive legislation , " for as exclusive iutL-. rest . » ire made the liasis of law and government , to long will exclusive measures be supported at the sacrifice o ! peace , happiness , aud virtue . Therefore it is to this one point especially- we
would direct your attention , nay , we would urge you to inquire whether you cannot trace the numerous evils you complain of to this baneful origin . Who but your own exclusive legislators sold your country r And who but the exclusive legislators of England profited by the blood-cemented bargain ? Your own legislators , corrupted by ; the gold , aud cankered by die patronage ot Britain , rendered your domestic Legislature a mere puppet of it * will—there it was where landed supremacy predominated , and English interests . vwayed , till eventually perfidy concluded the bargain your own corrupt Legislature had begun .
Since the Union , who have been greater instruments in the hands of Britain for bindingyou to the du&t than your own exclusive legislators ? With few exceptions the interest of their own order has been paramount to the welfare of the nation . 'Grattan ,-your greatest orator , who in civil war opposed coercixK measures , when in the United Parliament supported the very measures he condemned , and his specious example seems not to have been forgotten by legislators of modern times . The ruling few ol Britain have not been deficient in that selfish sagacicy which ever seeks to strengthen injustice by corruption ; hence thoy have united in their unholy compact your most talented orators , profound writers , gallant warriors , and able statesmen—they have inspired your vanity with songs and boastings , and have thrown a halo of glory over the sepulchre of yourdecay .
Captivated by power , and riches , at the expense of justice , your gentry have been rendered greedy by patronage , your yeomen corrupted -by . preferment , « md the choicest ot your peasantry moulded into instruments of oppression to exact , by steel and bludgeon , the scanty necessities of the puor , to support tiie extravagancies of the rich . We wili not harrow up your feelings in depicting the horrible results of this system , by dwelling on the extremes of wretchedness , with which you are fatnil . ar ; but we would urge you to trust to your own judgment-apart from the captivating tone ot eloquence which has so often been your guide—and to ask yourselves whether these evils are wholly attributable to your union with England , and whether
they are--to be remedied merely by a separation ? We are far from deriving your right to a domestic Parliament , or the justice : of self-government ; but i depend upon it , triends , white anexctiisivn cluss have the elecliou of the House of Commons , the interest of thut clans will be supported to your prejudice and ours , whether Parliament meet in London or in Dublin . The separation of that House would only be a division of evxls ; your own aristocracy would be ' strengthened , one faction would Bupply the place of another . British influence and intrigue would again predominate , and the evil , so far from being remedied , would be increased iu magnitude and power . Yet this is the chief blessing that is threateiiedto be conferred upon
you , if you willnot be content with the less measure of happiness our most gracious ministers ore disposec to bestow , if they were free from Tory influences to dispense their liberal favours !!! The question of extending the Suffrage to the - ' millions we never hear of among the blessings to be derived from a separation . You have been assured that your commerce would flourish , and your people be prosperous , if you had a Parliament of your pwn- ^ - w . e believe , not till you have some choice in electing it—then , indeed , when you Have legislators whose in teres ts shall be identified with , yonr happiness wili they legislate to effect it , but be assured , not till the . n .
Ihe happiness of a country does not depend on her commerce so much as on the quantity of comforts she can retain for herown population . Your commerce has been increasing evtff since the Union , aud your -poverty in a like proportion ; to what cause w this a » omaly to be attributed ? We will presume to express our conviction of the cause for j'our consideration . - r-In the first places exclusive legislators , Having their own interest to secure rather than the general hippiness of society , have , by their corrupt enactmeuts ,. rumoas wars , extravagant expenditure , taxation , and monopoly ,. generated great poverty amongst the people . . Secondly , wnerepoyertyexisti ; there will ignorance and violence exist also ; and hence those funds which
ought to be employed in production have been diverted to the suppprUng of soldiers , police ^ prisons , and all those mstrduients for punishing , what on <* ht in vrisdom to have been , prevented . > Thirdly , when violence and ingerority exist in a coautry , coupled with the exketioris of ftaud , monopoly , and injustice , capital will not be secure and wili not be employipd ^ there . Fourthly , for wantof . those employments capital and wealtu , would create , newly the whole population are compelled to have recourse to agriculture : the consequent « omp $ titioi |( for land h ^ fbrc » d np nomi J ? u r ^ - Wn ^ *^ P ° wer bf payment ; joined t 0 yfe ^ feir ^^ PJSg ^ . oftitheTprpctorai coUectow , and btuhffsy have rattheip paralyzed the hand of in-4 u 8 try » ana ; pTefented tBose imprpvemeiits ' the < r ^ er ^ and culiitator might otr ^ er \ yige " enJQfe " -
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fifthly , the people thus reduced to live on the lowest depcnption of food , their standard of comi forts being almost confined to a sufficiency of itbeing the * of » t housed , fed , and . clothed of any people in Europe—there is no demand for those trades and inanufacttires which '" generate and gupport respectable middle-class population ; executing , perhaps , some few exporting towns . Sixthly , the long series of injustice , insults , and neglect to which your peasantry in particular have been exposed , have generated that state of poverty aud wretchedness among them which is gradually undermining- 'the comforts of the class above themr , aud bids fmr to involve all in the same common ruin —for as their numbers increase , they force themr selves upon th-s towns , and by their low standard of comforts are the main instruments for bringing clown all others to their own miserable standard . t ?; f » uw ¦>! .. ™~ , o , * Ju ' .... , ^_ . - -i -- ¦ ' , ¦ - - -. ; -,
Seventhly , faction has been arrayed against faction * creed against creed , and man against nisbrother man , not so much from their own conscientious opinions , as from the pernicious council and malignant inrluenCesot" corrupt legislators , who find their own selfish supremacy strengthened by . the ' divisions and dissentidns of the multitude . If you agree with us , brethren , as to the origin of these evils , we trust you will co-operate ' with us to efiect a remedy—and the onl y effectual one , -we believe , will be that which Mr . O'Connell has swor n to and pledged himself to SMjo ?» rfv UNivEusit
Suffrage , " as well as all the other essentials to'ihe free exercise of that right . In all Countries where the people are exercising this right of freemen , are they progressing in knowledge and happiness ; wherever class legislation prevails , the interests of the millions are despised and neglected . True liberty cannot exist where man does not exercise the rights of man ; for men whose lives and liberties are dependent on others , who are taxed at others' wills , must fight at at others' biddings , mus" pay others before they can write , talk , buy , or sell , must toil or starve at the will of other?—though they may sing of freedom-, are still but the slaves of others , i ;
But you have been told that you must first and foremost be placed on " an equality with England " —you must have "Municipal Reform , " and '' the f .-auchise equal to that of England . "" We fear these counter projects are only intented to baffle the Radicals of Britain , and to create a diversion in favour of the present patronising Ministry . We can give you the benefit of our experience as regards these enviable measures of Reform . We have men in our Municipal Corporations who at one time were the greatest advocates of Reform , they have now realized all the
Reform they wished for , and therefore are the greatest opponents of further progress , lhose too whose energies were united with- the millions to obtain the Reform Bill , are now as energetically opposed to the tights of their former allies . Bo you think the same class in Ireland will be more grateful in extending , or less powerlul in opposing any iurthcr Reform or extension of right thaii those of hngland ? If so , you may , like us , find another agitation to be necessary , and need more efficient co-operators to render it productive of benefit , than those who now- call upon you for your aid . readiladmit
Vve y tbe great injustice of compelling the-Catholics of Ireland to support a Protestant church ( fstahlishnu'irt ; - and cannot but lament the crooked policy which lms prevented the settlement of that question . Kut lest you may think this a singular injustice , we would take this opportunity of informing you , that there are a greater Humber of persons in England compelled-to Support a church Irom whose doctrines they dissent than in your own country—nay , there nre- 'thousands of conscientious Protestants themselves who believe the sanctity ot their church is tainted by its corrupt alliance wiih the state .
But you ai-e called upon to get up an exclusive agitation , founded . on the measures we have referred to , measures us fruitless aud as profitless to the bulk of the people as they are meant to be mere barriers to secure Whiggery , and stumbling-blocks , in the way of-Radicalism . We shall , doubtless , be condHiuned as " Tor ;/ Radicals" in cautioning you against this maudlin , delusive scheme ; but be assured you have swallowed more bitterness to retain th « present Ministry in power , than the unitKd despotism of Whig and Tory could administer , if the friends of the people wore justly allied . You are cautioned ngainst us because we " " are neither combined nor concentrated , " " nor have skilful or welftrained leaders , " an < i" ta . k of using physical force aud the shedding of human blood . "
Regarding the extent of our combination we will not boast , but are desirous that you judge from the hundreds of thousands who , for the first time , have given up their projects of Reform , and are now pledged and united in favour of the " People ' s Charter" and the National Petition . " ¦ We have not , neither . do we desire , leaders ; as we believe the principles we advocate have been retarded , injured , or betrayed by leadership , more than bv the open hostility of opponents . Leadership too
olten generates confiding bigotry or political indiflerence on the oni ? hand , and selfish ambition on the other . Thi ) principles we advocate are those of the people ' s happiness , and , to be justly established , each innn must know and feel his rights and d'itiey he must be prepared to guard the one , and perform witu cheerfulness the other ; and if nature has given to one man superior faculties to express or execute the general wish , he only performs his duty at the mandate of his brethren—he is the leader of none , but the equal of all .
Regarding the other assertion , that we have talked of " physical force , " which comes with a mock reproach from him who has so often boasted of physical force ; we are not going to deny that we have been altogether guiltless of impropriety of language ; for when the eye dwells on extremest poverty trampled on by severe oppression , the heart ofteu forces a language from the tongue sober reflection would redeem and judgment condemn . But we deny that we are influenced b y any other feelings than a desire to see our institutions peaceably and orderly based upon principles of justice . We believe that a Parliament composed of the wise and the good of all classes would devise means of improving the condition of the millions , without injury to the just interests of the few
. We feel that unjust interests have been fostered under an unjust system , that it would be equally unjust to remove without due precaution and where due individualindemuification . We are as desirous as scrupulous conservatives of protecting all that is good , wise , alnd jnst in our institutions , and to hold as sacred and secure the domain of the rich and the cottage of the poor . But we repeat , that we seek to effect our object in peace , with no other force than argument or persuasion ; and . we call upon you , as we do upon the wise and the good of every class , to unite with us iu onr most holy compact , the ultimate object of which is the freedom and happiness of Britain , and , through her example , that of the world ' s . We call upon you to unite with us to cause the principles of the " People ' s Chaiiteb" to become the law of the-e realms ; we thiuk it a just and necessary mo . isure to ensure equal and just legislation have
We been too long engaged in trifles and expediences . Miljions of our tellow-men rise up in poverty and perish in crime , whilst mock philanthropy , too regardle : > s of the present , gives promises of hope to future .-generations ' . But , fellow-countrymen , while we are desirous of your aid , wo shall not despair without it ; our oanse is strong in proportion a ^ it is just , arid our numbers will swell in proportion as our enemies oppose uf . Our "National Petition" may oh indignantly spurned , our " Charter" at first may have but few supporters , but our second petition will swell in numbers at the injustice—our energies shall ha redoubled at each division that may be made against ma—our third shall embody the numerical power and mental energy of the kingdom , whose determination tp have "justice" will increase with each refusal , till their irresistible resolution can no longer , becontrolled by all that power and wealth can purchase .
These , brethren , are our views , our objects , and determination ; to carry them forward we implore the co-operation of rich and poor , male and . female , tin sober , the reflecting , and the industrious- 'we can spare the drunkard from ournviks ^ titlreflection shall have made him a more worthy member of society-r and strong in the right aud justice of pur cause , vie invoke the blessing of success . We remain , in union and friendship , on behalf of our various Associations ,
YOUR BROTHER RADICALS ; [ The above address is signed on behalf of one hundred and ten Radical Associations , in England ^ * Scotland , by their reepective secretaries or chairmen . ] .
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THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS OF THE BRIDGETON OF GLASGOW itADICAL ASSOCIATION TO THEIR PELLOWCOUNTRYMEN Was read by Mr . Charles M Kay , and , agreed to and ordered by the Member * to be sent tt the Northern Star and True Scotsman Newt papers , for insertion . ¦ ¦ Frissps / a-nd Feliow Countrymen , —A period has arrived fraught with the most important consequences to ourselves and to posterity . Oar country stands at present in a situation nriparalleled in any former epoch '' - of her history . While we gee thp most extraordinary accumnlation of wealthluxury *
, and supercilious pride on the one hand , we witness with pity and indignation , the fearful and rapid increase of poverty , miseryj aud destitution , oa the other ; a ^ flagrant system otfinjustice and mwrule , the niost diBstrucjtiiye of public happiness , virtue , and morality has been too long pursued without ^ a sacred , determined , and undy ing ¦' effort to stop it * bariefal \ and accursed career . The portentous appearance of the timesV the increaang pecuniary dimcultieti , and the general discontent of the working c \ a 3 st 8 , bespfea ^ , at no distant tiuipy the most awth ) and overwhelming conseq uences , unless pteyeiited by a . timeiy ;» nd well-regulated concession , of : justice to the patient , neglected , and oppressed jni&oiia
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Deeply impressed / with thw important and ^ - senoas . dub . iect to every lover of his conntrv and b * fellow-men , a few ot tho * e fcleqaent , nbble , &k 5 interesting splnt ^ m the cause of ^ berty have brobn thespell ^ that has so long ^ bound usto thechS wheels of the parasites pf corruption , to two offi most unprincipled fectiom that ever swayed j £ destimespf agreat nation , orever stained 4 epS of history with their lioltical crimes , and W ? & claimed to the world their determination to perseS «» the holy canseof ^^ man's universal right , a cS which is confined to neither caste oTcolour , 1 ) nt w » S 5 aims at the emancipation of the whole human faSJ from political bondage , religious deSpoti 8 nj 2 l ?^ Sf ?^ -i W »« W : ; ITie extraordinary ^ 3 oiims ^ . . . ¦ .
Koffl 5 * iT F enJ s movement of libertyhZ baffled the most sanguine calculations of tKf . m ' enthusiastic advocates of freedom--it has aronsS f ' superhuman exertions the notle in mind , thS rous m feeling , and the patriotic in sentiment c ^* nrmed the wavering , encouraged the timid S struck terror and da ^ nay in the camp of theco mbi ^ enpmies of the people . . . yawned While we hail with gratitude and esteem An gentlemen ^ om th e higher ranks of soSr ^ have so ^ nobly stood forward in the present saoi ? ^ w ^ RWl ^ Wltodiyh ^ iliatSw ^ classes are too much alive to their own interestot ! place unlimited reliance upon such support , . ^ that muchdependsuuon their own exertions to wo 1 f out their , own political satvation . They have 2 rpWsd . do ^ the haft of d pprei ^ onVsubj / cf . S ^ . m ^ iesof imngmty andmsult , spoken of by assuS iu mocnines
« c «« s mere , and treated asan inferii * caste ,, whose only use was to administer to tw ? natural and artificial want ., to pamp ^^^ feed their ambition , and crouch wifh fear and S under their . unnatural and heartless domirS slaughtered in tens and hundreds oWhosuaniR the shnne of never-satiated avarice , and cruel Li savage war waged against the noblest feelines nf nature and humanity , and liberty and religion T has been tooiong the case to look" to wealtfi instead of virtue and talents ; riches have hitherto been : tS only passport to the highest offices in the state , and tod often the most sacred foncrions in { he church . ThZ who have sought for wealth amidst ten thousand woes , and wrung theirfortunes from your slavish aud ill requited toil , have hitherto been our false instrnt tors , tyrants , and lawgivers . We do riot , however blame the men so much as we dp the system whii fosters and cherishes this unnatural , childish , and ungenerous state of things . Hence , we holdout the riel * oi to all
uano teiiowsmp men who may join us from honesty and principle , as common brothers in ohs common cause—a-cause which has been supported by the good , the wise , brave , and generous in evert age and in every cuuntry ; and for which thev hare sutlered the cruellest of persecutions and death in order that men might enjoy liberty , which is ' the power of exercising all their lV . culties at pleasure it has justice for its rule , the rights of others for ' it . boundaries , nature lor its origin , and the law for it » saieguard . Such is the inherent principle we de . mand , not in the language of wild revenge , but in the firm and unfettered voice of common sense and natural-justice : aud from this noble Durbose wr will
not be turned aside by the delusive songs of the syreni of a lying , infamous , hireling press , whom we knour by sad and serious experience , to be the tools of oni combined enemies . " Divide and conquer , " ha ever been , in all ages ,, the notorious policy of tyrants 1 consequently , they would urge us to humblv solicit from a worthless Government , a repeal of some par . ticular obnoxipui law , and by this means fritter away our noblest energies on trifles , grasping at a shadow , and leaving the substance behind : ; seem that the plundering lactions , in a moment of terror might grant the repeal of one bad law , and as soon as these circumstances ceased to onerate nrmn tt , o ; .
power and their feelings , they might pass another law equally as infamous in its stead . We are , therefore , firmly of opinion thai no real or permanent benefit can accrue from a bad Government , chosen by a section ofthe people , who study alone their own exclusive interests , rights , aud privileges , to the injury of the deare-st ties of affection , comforts , and happiness of the mauy . We . have , therefore , bound ourselves together in the holy bonds of unionj and are determined to concentrate our energies in the accomplishing of those five great objects contained in the National Petition and the People ' s Charterfor by these ( and not till these principles have been obtained , ) will those beneficial and general measmrej
ot amelioration follow , so necessary to the happiness prosperity , and comfort of patient , suffering , injured humanity . Come forward , then , friends and fellowcountrymen , and join with us in our effort * to free our country from the iron fangs of two dominant factions , who have for centuries past spread ruin and devastation around them * both at home and abroad ' who have been the patrons of despotism—the unceasing foes of freedom , and the general oppressors of mankind , in every country and in every clime . What a heavenly prospect it must be to ' every benevolent philanthropist and sincere Christian , to look forward through the vista of years , and behold the islands of Great Britain and Ireland , in the midst of the miehtr
ocean , standing out in bold and striking relief , shedding forth the glorious rays and blessings of libertT to all nations , tongues , and kindreds , dispelling the moral and political darkness , renovating the cpndi . tion , and arousing the human mipd to generdui exertions in the universal emancipation of the human race . As no one of superior intelligence to the inferior animals , can look around him upon the present unfortunate and miserable condition of society , can doubt for a moment the absolute necessity of a sweeping political change in our laws and institutions , commensurate with our advanced state of civilization ; why then , we askj do you hesitate to grasp our proffered fraternal hand ? -. ' . To those who
will uotjomua , we say , in the language of the venerable Godwin , " You are natural children to your mother country ; men who , when every privilege to the inheritance of which you were born , wag trampled on , and when the gravest and sage ^ t plans were put forward for the obtaining your birthrightg , abetted the tyrant to pnt down the cause of freedom : such men are a corse to their brethren , and , by their own admission , deserve to be slaves . " Me n and brethren , in conclusion , we would earnestly iinprejJ upon your minds , not to let the unfortunate issue of former attempts in the cause of freedom rankle in your breasts ; but let them be pointed out in the volume of experience , as land-marks to direct von .
on the r ight and left , to avoid , in your onward progress , those , errors . which proved their destruction . As tor ourselves , we have no fear of the issue : never was the cause of the people in a more prosperous conditioti , Our combined oppressors may as well attempt to stop the ocean-waves that dash against our rocky shore , or drive back with a wave of the hand our mountain-cataracts , as stop the omnipotent movement ef the migUty mass of living men no * engaged in the cause of truth and justice—diiujured iunoGence against triumphant crime . The Almighty Author of our existence urges us forward in the t-xercise of a sacred duty , while liberty beckons with alluring smiles , and holds a glorious harvest to our toils . In the name of the Society , DA NIE L M LtCti ' -EL L , Chairman JAMES GORDON , Secretary . Bridgeton of Glasgow , Oct . 23 rJ , 1 » 38 .
Untitled Article
Sudden Fall of a Beidge , —On Friday last a bridge on the Birmingham and Derby Railway , which crossed the Lichtield aud Ashby turnpik * - road , suddenly frJl , and uulortunately killed two men aud three horses . Another Coal-pit Accident . —On Monday last we noticed that three men had been killed at one of fill . Dixon's coal-pits , Oa Friday forenoon another serious accident occurrtd at one of Mr . Dixon ' s pit * near the Gorbals toil-bar , in consequence of which three of the workmen were severely
injured , owing to a scaffold , on which were one man and a hutoh full of coals , giving way , while another hutch , ia which were-two men , was ascending . The consequent es were , that the whole were precip itated to the bottom of the -shaft :, " and so dreadfully mutilated that the life of one of them is despaired of . The sufferers are brothers of the name of Macartney , ana natives of lreland . r-G / iii ^ ot /; Chronicle * Insanity . b « x ) uohx on Persons in thb Wateb from Cannon beina fiked over them . —" At an early hour , a few days since , ' aays the New York Evening Post , < 'two young men went into the river at Castle Garden to swim ; 8 * the very moment they leaped into the water a salute was fired from some heavy pieces of cannon which
were contiguous . When tbe two youBg men leaped in they feinaihedunder water for som ^ seconds , on their rising to the J . urfac ^ they were observed by some bystanders to act in so fantastic . ^ a , manner , thst it was e'ideot aomething of an unusual ; nature . had occurred to them ., A boat was , therefore , imm « di- ately procured , and the two young men taken out of the water and brought to the shore , when it wa * found that bothof them h ^ losit their senses , « o totally and entirely , as to he unable to give any et ^ . planation of how they had beat . affected , or w hat sensation they' felt * atvthe ^ Moitoent . Iheir insanity ' was not of a vioTent'Kna , ' hut rather > b » t might be termed ^ dio ' ucr " or total prostratiqn of every intellectual attribateVln ^ ^^ they we : e xjonvjyed" jicimet ' :. 'io .. - " tbeir ; friends , and remained nearly in the same atatc for toro day » , a *
theeadjof whicsh ope of thtm partially recovered nip reason , but the other still remain * without any sympr tbms of * mendmen U In addiuon to thia ate ? ula ? circumstancei may be mentioned the effect produce * on'fiihMv % a ;* nart blb « r withuii ^ stick on the ut above th < ftn .- 'W * oar * * m this tried e * £ !*™ W f < iot 6 r'twb- deebi tittite closed over with firont . ft ? nsb ' darting . tdanffro ; at so ^ . ^ sverfc ^ ^ tO ^ -iristiu ' tiy ^ y /*« vpncussioa , and lloated ; anpftrently Ufetea in ite ^ ratf r . ¦ -.
Original Correspondence.
ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE .
Untitled Article
^ ^ E MOB TmN . SMK .- ¦ NovBMaER 3 , 1838 i I ¦ ¦ " 7 - ¦ - ¦ ¦ -. ¦ ^^^^^^^^ Hi ^ il I
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 3, 1838, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1030/page/6/
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