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^ i ^ gBiiwTpgBBH ! ^^|^^^^^ # *^ T IfE ^ dASTIJLK
$ ^^ f ^ ^^« rarSepdrto % ) v XGne ^ f ItEeS ost « p « ii * J andenth usiastie meetings i ^^ T ^ jsbBljir ^ beeJiidd , ' was convened at Newralle on / Tuesday last , ma very large area called * riIb £ & p itiaL ? , ; The object of ^ the meeting was taro-ftAd ; first , to pass a resolution ( expressing the confidence of the people of Northumberland in Mr . Tssrgaa O'Connor , ; arid the ? Bev .- ;^ J . B . Stephens ; and , sewndljr ,- to d ^ t delegates to the National Convention . Erom Veleyea ; to half-past twelve
© 'dock , the town in ^ inany places presented scene ? of considerable excitement , large bodies of men coming into the town from the adjacent villages . y ! At about twelve o'clock , the procession l / was formed , and marched-in beautiful order to the place of meeting . A great number . -of hands accompanied ' the-proee ^ on , and amongst the immense innmber of fl-ags wV observed -those of . several friendly societies . "When the whole procession had arrived at the place ©? meeting , the scene was peculiarly ' splendid , ^ the assembly consisting of Tery many thousands . Though the meetiag was exceedingly large , we
have-reason to believe , it " wonld have been much largerwere it not that several of the colliery owners had that monmjg ordered their men to work , with a Tiewyiio doobt ,- ofpreventing their attendance on ibe occasion . " W * give underneath the principal part of the bosiBesa that was iraasactrf . "We must , however , complain of the attire absence of reporting convenient * , and not of this merely but of actual , annoyance both from the speakers themselves , -who , instead of speaking from the place provided for them , came into the place originally intended for the Teporters ,- and brought-with them crowds of other persons from tie other part of the hustings . Our leporter had to stand-fee whole time of thr meeting amongst a crowd of men " were so continually in
motion , that in many instances he was preveated fean taking the speeches in so connected a manner as he could have wished . These circumstances will account for any little breaks that may appear in the -JollowimrTepoit" ; ¦ _ _ " '_ .. . Mr . Doubled ay was unanimously called to the « 3 iair . He said the la ? t time he had " had the honour 4 meeting them on an occasion of that sort , he met ftem in a mnchwanner atmosphere . ( A ' voice t _* lAyje Bot Radicalism is mnch wanner now . ' ) -But ihonehthe atmosphere ixughtbe « oldf he must say ihatiris hopes w ^ emnch . warmer now than they were on the occasion to which he had just referred . { Cheers . ) , _ Since , that period , their cause had progressed with giant Bteps . Since that Tteriod . the
mflnence of that movement : had spread all over England . Not only the men of the South , but the men of the North , also , had shaken hand : ; in a mutual league of amity and concord . ( Cheers . ) He was 3 » t a sanguine man ; he had long been in the Held of politic * , and he knew the immense ^ difficulties against which they had to struggle . : 11 was not in Ms nature to undervalue those difficulties . . Strong as was their . position , great as were the fears of tie Aristocracy , weak and trembling as was the Government , he recommended them still" not to slacken their energies even for a moment . ( Loud « r ies of "No , no . " ) ITiey now had their shonlders to the wheel , and he recommended them to keep fh * n there . ( "We wflL" ) Let no man sow the
seeds of discoroV amongst them ; let them nave confidence in their leaders ; be snanimous and united ; IF > forward for one intelligible object ,, and they would gain thgji cause . ( Cheers . ) It was not proper , a * chairman , that he shonldx > ccnpy mnch of their trcnej but he would mentibi- one or two causes why they should press forward to the great object of their present movement . ( Hear , Bear . ) They were all well aware of the effects of thac horrible bill , called theINew Poor Law ,, thon ^ h . they yet "knew nothing of it experimentally in Newcastle or in the North ; but behad to tell them that that accnrsed bill was fast ruining the comforts and respectability of the worMng classes of the south of England . The people of the South were losing , their little
« ticie 8 of furnirjare piece by piece , arid " wer * rapidly sinking into a state of destitution ^ starvation , and misery . ( Hear . ) If they did not press forward Jbr the attainment of their political rights , this country , would in a few short years be reduced to a state which , would equal the present state of the poor in Ireland—men who were prowling over the country without homes , or bedsteads , or a place to pnt their heads in . ( Cries of " We'll never snbmit toit . " )^ But there was another reason why they aionld think seriously about the object for which they w *> re assembled , and that was the foreign policy of file present Government . England 5 possessions were being taken away from her one by one , without her having the power to make resistance . He had had tetters addressed to him by persons standing high in fins country—men who were pot of his political principles or their political jwinciples . but of men that had the welfare of their country at heart—lie had letters irom . these men
pressing upon him—as a man whom they did the aqnour to suppose had their confidence , and the confidence of iinndreds of tiion * ands of persons in file North of England—he had received latter * from these men , pre&ang upon him , if it were possible , to mate Ms fellow-coantry'men sensible of the danger and degradation to which their country was now exposed ! ( Hear , hear . ) These statements were true ; ; and if they did -not obtain - their 'rights , especially the right of a Parliament chosen by Universal : Suffrage , xbej wonld see " the Emperor ef Russia taldng from ns our Indian possessions "without cur dastardly Government having the ebttrage to fire a sin ^ e gun . ( Cheers . ) These , then ¦ wefis two great causes why they ought to seek , and seek earaestlyy to obtain thmr rights . ( Hear , hear . ) He would not detain them longer , but would call Tipon Mr . Joha Cockburn to more the first resolu tions ( Loudcheers . ) ;
Mi . Cocsbcrn ( a young man who has b eeh blind from infancy ) then stepped forworVP , and vsaid 'it--was with . " ' feelings of a very 'oppo > ite nature that he came forward to move the resolution that had been entrusted to him—with , feelings of shame that snch ,-. a resolution should : be rendered xecessary pj the conduct of many of their professed friend *—but ^^ on tie other hand he moved thisnresolution wifli feelings pleasure because it was one of whkh he was * ure they woujd approve , inasmuch as it involved- a" " vote of thanks to the Rev . J . R . Stephens and . Mr . Feargus O'Connor ( loud cheers ) . Whim hfi . spoke of the exertion which tiiese gentlemen ~ had made lor . the cause " of democracy , and the tremendous opposition siren to them , not bvonen
jbef alone , not b y sham patriot * m-the guise of "Wtegs , bnt by their own-friends , —whe ^ n" the oppontion ^ which their own friends had given to these jentlemeXL was" properly considered , he was satisfied they would : all ^ agree with , Jnm in wiying such a resolution was imper&tiYely called for . on tiieir part ( continuedcheers ) . He most for . a few moments caUtheir attention to some of the objections raised against rise course pnrsnediy the English Radicals , and Mr . O'Connor and Mr . Stephens , _ The first of * hose was from the Precursor Society { groans ) . They were told in answer to an address from the English Radicals , that they were dishonest because ihey said they had no leaders . With regard to « Ki « ^ aiarge be must * ay fhafcthe Precursor Societv and
the English Rarfica ! ' ? undentood the word " leader " in very different semes . They ( the Precursor So dety ) understood the word leader to mean a man ttWi a great name without regard te the peculiarit iaof his ^ character , but the English Radicals tmderstood it to mean a man who had the confidence of the people , a man who aid the work of the people , ahdwho , ass 6 offTW lutf eeased-td-3 o the work of the people , ought to be discarded from their jank « ( t oad « heera > . Another objection was , that the English Radicalg said the Whigs were worse than the Tories . Why , what was the difference between them ? The working classes were now as mnch the slaves of the middle classes aa they had iwmerly been of the aristocracy ; and if they were
still slaves , what difference was it to them who ¦ were the slave owners ? The speaker , after adverting to the advice of the men of London and Birmingham , viz ., that the people should Jay by their spare pence to buy hooks to teach them how to acmnre the suffrage , rather than to purchase arms Mai that Messrs . O'Connor and Stephens did not Irish the people to u * e arms . Their advice was lhatH the people were attacked ,-they bad aright to defend themselves ( cheer ?) . They . did not wLh ibepaopieto shed one drop of blooa without their Wood was shed first- , and il their blood was shed , be ( Mr . Cockbura ) jjaid they had a right to defend memselve * icheera ) ^ In coBduidon he would only ay flat it"wasVtheir imperative duty to support fikeaejnen ^ JwiA ^ all their jnSiience , and' he was satisfied that theie njea would support them < Tenr loud cbeeri and cbDbii » of handa ^ . .
. Mr . fliKSOWj of CarBsfe y tten came forward to second the remmtioo , which ne read asfollows : — »* rhat -&B Norfliern ? oK | l ^ . Union has perfect confidence in the pofitkal noaaty of Mr . Feargua O'Connor and ^» Rev . 5 Josepb Rayner Stephens . •\ -fii rep » terkigthii sote ^ ol eonfldence , the Northern Political Union areinflneiKSsdliytwo motires ; flie Jntto ^ ojn > tice to-iiw zeakxts and honest exertions « Jd » two great-nnaarMafies in the " cause of the peo ple before aDuded to ; and the second , to get ftarbroOier Radicals free from ^ he mazto of divilion into which their * wy * W were seeking to ¦« ntangl ; them . " The resolu tion was-respoaded to ^ , 4 beTnoat « iflnwa » lis < ai « rinf . Mr . Hanson woceeded—He 8 to « d there , as the representative of . Jibe brate Rad « als of CarSsle , jnen wno required a IraajetDjceep them in , « nd not , a whip or spur to . -iare-mm on ; men *« ib 0 . « t- * t-defiance the old Ja « ejjfflteTOhrti *^ a ^( fajn ; theSato , Mxintzes , and Ja&smases , or fee ^ feicans . Biemten . and
' ^« M Sp ^ ffia ^^^ w » r ' -who ^ were - 'foremost . jb 3 ? tte ^* anRr ^ ir ~ eeaBBfc ^ ho .-would swerve nei-.. ? fSi * ^ OieingbV wa Jo the .-left , but wouW go - ^ jrtnn ^^; fon » ard = inftS > e'pttftrcO £ daty , determined to - >< toffiS ^ hMr-: iigbta ~ or Ip perish m flie attempt >¦ ^ & % * '&&te eI * - ) yor ^ rhat had been alL this d& « - _ " , ' " ^ Mc || ofi ^ fl ^ niTnfrp " tti the denouncing of . O'Connor ££ J ^ N > " 7 H "' - - - ¦ ¦ ' - - ¦ - ¦' - " .- " : \ :
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and : Stephens ¦ . ' ,. Was ' itjaot for the : special purpose , of treating % scbism ., in their ranks , and . of wiffidrawingtheirattention and support from these men ? C * They shall not dp it" frtm a greut ' niany yoicefc ) Solongasjhesemen supported the carlse . in wh 3 & they were embarked it was the imperative duty-of every honest and sincere Radical to stand hy them to the death if necessarr . ( I ' remendbn 9 cheers and clapping of hand * , andcrles of ft We will . » ' ) Who were the acensers of O'Gonnerand Stephens ? The Whigs 4 -Daniel O'Gbnriell ' s ** base , bloody , and brntal" Whigs . fTremendoni cheers . ) That treacherons , Jhzk truculent , that base Whig spy , tbatcap-in * and beggar , Daniel O'Connell , who was once the advocate of Universal Suffrage , no w \ +
«•«* . m p «*** uw uift ^ ii / ^ m mo nuiuB L / UlVtrXsJlX Suflrage" jand thishe told the Radicals in ihe reply of the Precnraor Soaetr . He , O'Connell , was the very soul and body of that aKHociation and the moment he got hold of his rents ht would dissolve that association and constitute another . ( Hear , hear . ) That some Daniel O'Connell who had been invariably at work for the last three years as supreme agitator on behalf of that government which passed the New Poor Law enactment , which bronght in and caused to be carried out the Irish Coercion Bill for which that same Daniel O'Connell denounced the Whigs as base , bloody , and brutal , ^—tfcere he stood supporting those very men whom he designated as «* base , hloody , and brutal .- " : Were thay to support that man , and denounce such mrn as Mr .
U Connor and the Rev . Mr . Stephens f ( Loud cries of No , no , never . " ) From his very heartand soul he pitied those old ladies of Edinburgh and Birmingham who could be deluded by the hypocritical nonsense-of Daniel . O'Connell ; he said away with those cringing hypocrites , while the deeds and example of Stephens , and O'Connor , and Donbleday filled their sleepy sonls with contrition and remorae , when , like them they may become the advocates of their conniry ' s rights and the fearless champions of liberty . < Loud cheers . ) They had met for tae purpose of electing delegates for the National Convention . He was of opinion that the House of Commons never represented the working men of England . That
House knew neither the wants nor the wishes of the working classes . How , therefore , - could theylegislate for : a body , of people -whom they neither knew nor cared for ? It was impossible thatthey could ; and he had only to tell them , and to call upon the brave fellows who . peopled the banks of -the Tyne , to struggle in that cause , which was the cause of freedom against oppression ,-virtue against vice , and of justice againrt injustice ( cheem ); and he hoped they were fully prepared to go with Mr . Feaigns O'Connor and Joseph Rayner Stephens , to the death , as long as these men stood by the people . ( Tremendous cheers . ) The motion was then put , and carried unanimously .
Mr . James Ayre , a working mason , was then called upon to move the next resolution , which was — " That we pledge ourselves to rapport , defend , and bear harmless the "persons and property of our representatives in the National ConventibniBotonly as renardsthe delegates elected for Northumberland and Durham , bat also the whole of the delegates forming such Convention ; : and we solemnly vow to obey all rational and constitutional commands issued by the said . Convention . " He then went on sht , —that often as he had stood before them upon occasions similar to the present , they never were assembled upon any occasion so important as that upon which they were now met . ( Hear , hear . ) * 1 hey wera assembled to elect certain individuals to
represent them in the National Convention . He trusted they had not come there with their hands in their pockets , or their fingers in their months , merely to leave them to the tide of fate . ( Lond cries of " no , no .- " ) : He was there , then , for the purpose of proposing a resolution pledging themselves to protect these men in their liberty and lives—rto protfict them from a corniptj base , anddamnablt » Whig Government . ( Lond and long continued cheers . ; Did they imagine that when these men were ^ assembled and making laws which they Jihe people ) alone should have to observe—did they imagine that they would be allowed to do it quietly ? He did no ' t think they would sit long there before ten thousand of Wellington ' s troops twould surround the honxp .
whflesome of them would be dragged to a dongeon . and perhaps some of tkem to a # caffold . And would they tamely sit by their fire-sides and see : this done ( lond cries of " no no" ) . Then they were not only bound to support these men , but they were also pledged by the resolution to protect them one and all . He would depend upon their pledges ; and he knew that what they were pledged to do they would do it at the risk of their fives ( condnned cheers ) . They talked about moral force and physical force but he would tell them that if they touched a hair of the heads of one of the individuals in that Convention it -scould be the signalfpr making Newcastle into another Bristol ( long continued cheering ) . He ^ ould conclnde by moving the resolution hehaiF read ( cheer ?) . " .
Mr . Edward CHAnuo ? ., another working mason , was then called upon to second the resolution . "He said they had heard a good deal about the daager in which the National Convention would be placed ; butif their enemies dared to harm ahairoranyof thiiir Tipftrly ^ t ^?^ ^ r nnlH rtp t \ ia gign ^ l foy . tKo . . ^> r j ^ iL ing men of England to cry , " To your tents , O Israel ! " Then -would be : the day to see whether physical force sbonld be resortedi to if government dared to violate the laws of the constitutisn of the people ( cheers ) . He would not address them long , as there was Mr . Lowry present , and Dr . Taylor from Glasgow { lond and continned cheering )} both of whom would addre . - * them ( cheers ) . Dr . Taylor had fought and bled for the cause of freedom , and
was ready to bleed and die for that cause ( lond cheers ) . Their enemies snid that they were the advocates of blood ; but let him remind those gentlemen who talked thus that they were well fed , well clothedj that they bad no arduous toil to perform ; but if they would only change places with the working men for one week , he had not much doubt that they would be physical lorce men , or dageer-and-tnrch-merj , or any thing else , rather than endure the hardships of snch a condition . ( Cheers . ) He recommended them to stand by the representatives they had elected ; to stand by Ihem firmly ; to pledge themselves by their wives , and familie . « , and homes , to maintain those delegates , or that the aristocracy should take the
consequence . ( Cheers . ) Let the aristocracy first break the law , and then it wonld be the part bf the people to cry " Onward , enward , " even to the death . He should not detain them much longer , but he must tell them , that they were met that day to elect the real representatives of Newcastle and Northumberland . . ( Loud cheer * . ) If they came not forward to support by every means in their power the gentleman whom they were about to jsend to the Convention , they were , not worthy oi being considered descendants of those brave and dauntless ancestors , who had fought , and bled , and died . to obtain the small remnant of liberty which was now left to the possession of their children ( Loud and long-continued cheering . )
Mr . Wai . Parker them moved the next resolntion , which , he said , was in favour of Universal SufiTage . After speaking of the necessity of having the Sutfragt , he said—They had been assailed with the cry of talking about muskets aid fire arms . How absurd was this cry ! for they only advocated the po . « xession of those things for the defence and protection of the law . ( Cheers . ) How sqeamish those fellows were who talked about such things when they had hold of the butt e » d of the musket —( hear , hear , hear , andloud cheers)—and when the point was towards the people ; but « hen this order of things was likely to be revarsed , the cry was immediately set np , '• Oh , what a shocking thing to talk about muskets ! " ( Cheers , and laughter . )
Knocking down a few poor fellows in Canada , or cutting up a few at Peterloo , was nothing at all j but if they should happen to injure my Lord Joan , or to frighten my Lady Bettys Lord ! what a cry was set up . ( Laughter . ) Now he ( Mr . Parker ) would support thelaw , but he . wonld . have something to support it with ( cheers ); and the next man that hroke the law amongst them , whether he was Whig , Tory , or Radical j his hand should be upon him . ( Cheers . ) They wanted no bloodshed ; their motto was '' Peace , Law , Order . " Peace , Law , and Order , they would keep " so long as they were kept towards them ? but if the peace were broken against the
people—it the laws of their tyrants were bioken against them—and if order was not kept towards them , then he would say , welcome- anything but slavery .. ( Cheers . ) They could not be much worse off thin they were at present : if the whole country were in one sheet of flame to-morrow , they would not be very much worse off . No ; but still they would have " Peace , Law , and Order . " If confe ion did take place their enemies should begin it : but they might depend upon it , that if ever a musket were once fired upon the people by a soldier , he would find one , at least in return . ( Tremendous cheers . )
Mt . Wm . Thomason seconded the resolution . In doing so , he said , that Universal Suffrage was the only thing that could ever better the condition of the working people of this conntry ; and , . under this impression , he earnestiy recommended them to unite themselves : together , i . to obtain that right . There were yet many obstacles to contend with previous to its attainment ; but he would tell them that being now united together in one vast phalanx , if- 'the Government dared to refhie their juit demands , they . would present to them a front that would show tbim the necessity of at once concedine tSerishts of the
people . ( Lond cheers . ) Everyman of : thejn felt in bis own sad experience , the effect of bad laws jsbut ie felt , at the same time , tiiai to enter into . thrte things in detail was absolnte nonsenBe ; they felt , that nothiag short of Unmreal ^ Sufifrage vrbnld ena&le Aemto do a ^ raj « ith any bad laws that wirellaid against tiieir happinesSi and oppos > ed to their common interests ; ' ( Hear , hear , ana . dieers ;) ^ It was gratifying to him to be able to say , that in-thw cause they had got a great many ardent labourers they had got the men if Lancashire , and Yoikshire , a : id Cumberland , and the men of Scotland , and , in fact , of almost every county in England j . and he
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was ^ re thai , ^ fer racb ; j »^^ of ^^ ewcastlft would ni > t be backwardm this glonbas straggleforKberty . ( Lo ^ -cfieersO Hei rep ^ Sted hisconviction , " ^ bat UniyewiilSuffrage was th ^ ohly remedy forall theirgrievancesj andhe did confidently hope , thatthe struggle whichj * i [ snow beein ' g made for that right ; conld * not even&aUy ; be meffectnal ^ ( Cheers . ) The motion : was then put and carried without opposition . ¦¦ -- . •¦ : ¦ ¦ . ; j Mr . Thomas R . tam then came ^ forward to propose that Mr . Robert : Lowry Bhould . be chosen as one of the delegates to ' . thie wationji Conventioni for that district . He recommended him on the ground tbat he was a working man who * had been born' and
cradled amongst th * m , and who had been educated in the school of labonr like themselves ; and until they got working men to make laws for the working classes , tiey might rest assured of it their condition would never be better . than it had been . ( Hear , h « ar . ) A party of men in London and Birmingham were attempting to sow discord ^ in the Radical ranks ; and if so , he hoped the men of Northumberland would not hesitate to show to which side they were most favourable .. ( Hear , hear ? -and- cheers . ) Much would depend upon the character of the Convention as to their future success . He hoped however , that they had men in : that assembly that would not be afraid of bearding their oppressor * to their face : and if those old
women that had been formerly , referred to should endeavour to swamp that Convention , Lowry would be-there to tell them that the men of Durham and the men of Northumberlaiid were hungry and starving ; and that if they went not to the grave by the sword , they mvsi inevitably perish with hunger . ( Hear ., hear . ) Such , then , was the character and disposition of the man whom he had the honour of proposing : for their adoption . In conclusion , he had only to *< ay , that when this ' proposition came finally before them , he hoped no man would hold up his hand for the election of Lowry who was not prepared to support him with the mbney in his pocket , and the arm of his body . ( Loud cheery . ) Mr . Wm . Cash , of Felling , seconded the
nomination . He aaid , that conscious of the deep responsibility of standing before them on that occasion , he was determined to stand by their verdict of that day . ( Cheers . ) He stood there as the representative of at least 10 , 000 men in the county of Durham , to second the nomination of Mr . Lowry ^ ( Cheers . ) It was a matter of entire indifference to him whether their repre . « entatiye were a nobleman , or a man of title , or a plain ; wprking man ; it was . Buflicient for . that he was an honest man . ( Loud and continued . cheering . ) He believed him to be an . hone * man ; he believed him to be a man of talent , and above all , a man who had a right arm that was ready to defend the rights of his country . ( Cheers . ) They had already pledged themselves to stand by the rational and constitutional orders 6 f the Convention , even if violent hands were laid upon them . He could assure them that the men . ot Durham were well prepared for such a catastrophe : and that-ten
thousand of them would have jomed in the proceedings of that day , hadthey not had someldcal aftair * of their own , to settle , which were of importance . ( Cheers . ) Without infringing further ^ upon their time , he should content himself with stating that , however the Government of this country might act with regard to the delegates whom they had selected , howover O'Connell and his emissaries might brand the Rev . Joseph Rayner Stephens , or abuse the best lriend and advocate of the people , Fenrgus O'Connor , they were determined , at all hazards , and under all- circumstances .-to . stand by these men whether it be a question of life or of : death . ( Tremendous cheering . ) Mr . Lowrie was then unanimously chosen as a delegate to the Convention . Mr . Wu . Bykne then proposed that Mr . C . J . Hnrney , of London , should be another of their delegates . The proposition was received with very loud cheers .
Mr . Hm . Atkinson seconded the nomination , and said that in seconding the nomination of Mr . G . J . Harney , he would make one . or two ^ remarks . In that Convention they wanted rneri of . a peculiar character , for the circumstances in which the members might be placed were not those which would be most agreeable . He thought the constitution ol Mr . Harney ' s mind was such as would highly fit him for such a situation . ( Cheers . ) He thought Mr . Harney woald not shrink from the responsibility which might be involved in this undertakiri n . ( Hear , hear . ) He was a thorough democrat , a man who had sworn sever to bow to tyranny in ; any shiipe . ( Very lond cheering . ) For these reasona be had great pleasure in seconding his . nomination .
The resolution was then put to the vote ^ and carried unanimously . Mr . Ralph Curme , a : house carpenter , then stepped forward to propose Dr . Joha Taylor , of Glasgow , as another delegate to the Conyention , The iroposition was hailed with several rounds of the most enthusiastic cheering . ( Hear )¦ He said , it appeared he only needed to mention the name of Dr . Taylor to have from , tbat meeting a most hearty response . He need not enter into the merits of his character ! he was the advocate o « every thing they wanted or were seeking for ; ' .. hri wasa man of steady and undaunted courage , and in every ^»^ p « ota . fit iima torai » ra »« atiWntt . in . tlift ^ aniiembly . ( Cheers . ) He had great plensnre in informine them
tkat Dr . Taylor was here to speak for himself ( tremendous cheer *); and he was satisfied that as soon as he showed himself they would hailhim with the most enthusiastic applause . ( Continued cheers . ) Mr . Thomas Hepburn seconded ; the nomination of Dr . Taylor , of Glasgow , not because he had a Dr . before his name , or M . D . after it , fur had he been any blacksmith possessed of the same principles as he avowed , he should'have seconded his nomination with as mnch good will . ( Loud-cheers . ) He had to acknowledge that his personal acquaintance with him was very limited , he had read his works and found that he waa a man of exceedingly
liberal principles . ( Cheers . ) Being a man of liberal principles he had , greatly exerted himself in the cause of democracy in ' Great Britain and other' ports of the world ; and in doing : this he had proved himself to be the friend of the man that needed a friend . ( Tremendous cheering . ) The friend of the honest , hard working nrtizau and labourer . ( Cheers . ) Because he was the friend of the working man , he seconded the nomiuadon ; and he hoped that while he had pleasure in seconding the nomination , they would be as ready to come forward and give their vet * - and support to him as a fit person for their represetiu : tive . ( Loud cheers , and cries of " we will , we will , " ) ¦ . .
Mr . Lowry then came forward to address the meeting , and was . received with much applause . He said he felt proud of tbe honour they hud conlerred upon hhn , aud he trusted he would not need to mlorra thf m thathe would do their wishes to the utmost exteut ofhis power . ( Hear hear . ) He begged , however , to have a perfect understanding with them » iefurehe went to the Convention . lie had visited all the villages in the neighbourhood , all the' out points ; _ and he thought he undentood the minds and feeliugg of the members of the different associations ; and expected that in going up to Lsudpn they were to have no sham work ; that having put their hands to the plough they were not to go back : that they were to have no Whigs amongst them .
and that they were to accept of no instalments of their rights . ( Loud cheer * . ) He expected that tliis Convention was sent to tell the House ot Commons , thatthey had kept millions of men from the enjoyment of their right * , and that they now asked them to be allowed to procure them peaceably—( cheere)—that tkey wanted no riot , no disorder , no confusion ; but at the same time to tell them , that if the present Constitution shut them ont I " r 6 mth « possession of their rights , they would not belong to the Constitution . ( Loud cheer * . ) If thuy-were to have no part in making the laws , they would nut obey the laws ; that if they were to have no voic . in managing the taxes , they would not pay the taxes ; and that he who dares to " maltreat , rob , or oppress
the people of England , is a traitor to his country ^ and that the people will punish him . ( Cheer * . ) Did the legislature a « k what the people wautedwitli Universal Suffrage , he would 'answer , that they wanted a sixpenny loaf for twopence . . ( Cheers . ) They talked about spoliation arid injustice ; but let them remember the trial and banishment of the Dorchester Labourers , and the Glasgow Cotton Spinners ; and he conld tell Lord John liuwell and all his colleagues , that if the millions of Engiaud did . not receive justice from him , they would deal more justly with him than he and his iissociates hau yet dealt with them . ( Loud cheers . ) 11 rver he came to be tried he should have a fair trial—a trial by his Peers , and not by his accusers . ( Luuu
cheers . ) They talked about blood and fobberv ; let them look at Cauada . ( Cheers . ) It did well tor them to talk of law , who , when they foun . l the public voice top 'strong for them , cameout iifith such twaddle a » proclamations . He expected , jl a proclamatien should appear to suspend this Convention , they were bound to assert that the people ot England had yet to lwarn that any Qneen ' s proclamation was law—( hear , hear , and cWcrB ) - andt hut when the Queen ' s Govamment , was in arms agaiu . 't the Queens people , that Government ought to cease to exist . ( Loud cheers : ) They would obey the law so long as it protected them ; they woulu honour the throne so long as itabode l > y thepeiiple ; but it ought always to be remembered that ! te same arms that placed the House of Bruiiswicfe
upon the throne , can remove them , it need be ( Several voice . s the sooner the better . " ) A <|« r severd ,. other eloquent observations arid appeals , the speSjier . concluded bysaying that they knew his character and hu political senUment ^ He had to | d * S ^ f ^ lX j *^ ^ e expected them , tp do , itna what he . would do if they ; whnld . back . him ^ out % ith their KtreBgth ; . Hfe mm ^^ ba ^ e theriifoeweli , hopiiiij l ^ ttU ^ iifiittiin ^^ fliey ^ iet ft would be to elect gu ^ beW ^ oT'tte ^ rttiUnivei ^ l- SuJ ^^ ^ n ^ t ^^ e ^ the ^ altepftsentitiyes ^ protect-and govern ^^ every clasrof the community i ^ TTCmehdbttsicteertttg . )^ ¦¦ ~ : r ^' ' \^ ; ^ -Ty-rf-o -r ,.-, .. ; - ^ -.-Mr ; G . J . Habney then came forward and wa ? received with deafening cheew . After addfessiriK the meeting aa *• Brave men 6 f Northumberland
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lanipurham , ' ? he ; sEtidihejr had ; h ^ eri addVe ? sed by uy those who wer 6 bprri ';; on '(| reared amongst theiaay and he hoped they i !? ould iiow liiteri for afewininntes to the words of a youthjul stranger * Dut ; one who Wine to their camp : to enlist himself iri their ranks as a common . soldier for the comtrioncausebfecinality . ( Che' n » f ) , He fitood before them as the delegate of the London Deniocratic A « isociation , representing by tbeir expressdesirethe Membera ^ ofthe ^ ristblWorking-meu ' sjAgsociation [ he st («> d before them in the character of a tribune of the people , the voritable representative of the fair women und the brave men of the city of Norwich ; and last not least he stood ' there , as their invited guestand as their elected
, delegate to the National Conventioh ^ Ccheen !)—where he : would take his seat ; by the help of God , and the help of the brave men of the-North prepared to do his duty . They were met with their le ^ t upon Gods owa earth , and with G ^' s own sky for their canopy , ^ - ^ they were met eafffasse , linked hand in h affd t 0 take an oath that was worthy of Englishmen t ^ at they would live Jree , pr die ; ( Tremendous cheers . ) He cainefroin many places ' to offer them the right hand of fellowship in the name of his brother democrat * , and to pledge them their 8 U P . P ° T t , believing the men of the North to be the veritable leaders of the people of Eriglarid , ofiering them their support in order that tiiey might effect thesalvation of their country , and obtain freedom and
. happiness to : their father land . ( Long and loud cheers . ) : They had elected him to the Convention , but there should be no humbug between them . He would go to that Couventipn to do his duty—would they suppoi t hiin ? - ( " Yes ^ yes , " and loud cheefs . ) Soriie irieh who professed to be Rerormers talked about delightful ¦ ' -progressions , Vand of giving twelve months ( or the attuihTnent Of Univerial Suffrage ; but he . did not choose to wait twelve months —( hear , hear ;)—the longer the thing was protracted , the wor * e became the suflerings of the people , and the mass of the people could not afford tow ^ UniyersalSuffrage ; ¦ ( Cheew . ) He went to the Convention determined at all risks and hazards , that , before ; ftat : Convention should cease
Universal Suffrage should he jinrt and parcel of the law of th «? land . ( Cheers . ) He would not deceit t { J e ? 2- He wished to bring before them two iacts , the first , that the Convention might be hindered by th «» Government ironi raeeting ; the second , that the Convenhon . r . aving met , there mi « lit be two parties in the Convention ,, prie that ^^ might " wisjn loihumbug the people , the other that would seek the welfare of the people . A liitle whileogo he heard an Englishman say * down with the tyrant * ; " he said sb too ; but in copjuncubu with thathe also said , " down with the traitors . " ( Cheers . ) He ? sked them to back those who were honest men . ( Cheers ) There were too
many elected who had no interest in . common with the people , but who sought : their election merely through sinister motives . Those men were last naming themselves . Those who censured O'Connor ? ou » tePura ! j needed not to be named by him ( Cheers . ) They knew tho . « e who had been derie-finced the' * old vtomm of Birininghain , " and the "traitors ot Edinburgh ; " tliey would have nothing to do with them , . . ( Cheers .: ) Tl . ey would not ha \ ^ e had the proclamation against torch-light meetings had u not been for the conduct of those traitors . jvjr > Harney . continued' to address the meetuig in the most animated style , and concluded amidst the loud approbation pt the vast assembly .
: Dr . John Tayioii then presented himself , and was cheered , and cheered , and cheered again j the immense , multitude tfifri waving their hats and clapping their bands . He said he presentedMiirn * e ] f before them somewhat unprepared for sucli a meeting- as that . He : Jissured thrini | that when their nivitatioii reached him he felt that his duties would detain him in Scotland , in endeavouring to stem the tide of ; Whiggery Which : was then setting in sa strongly against the Radical cause ; for that rea ;? on he declined being present : \ at their presoiit meeting , and determined to be here only ori receiving their second letter iuforming . him that Stephens ior a while had left the fieldvthat O'Connor was engaged vlsewhRre v and that the men of Newcastle *
thrpugli the absence of pi . e or both of these champions , might possibly b $ swamped by their opponents . 1 hey would judge of his surprise when he found that he was riot only tp be received as a lriend , but propo « ed as a representative . Why , the rnen of Nnwcastlfrmust have strange ^ toin&clis for Radicalism , if such a man as he couW go down with them ; if there was one honour which he deemed more high than another , it was that of having the confiden e of meii who had got their knowledge not from a Irian ' s p-ivatelife , but irom his public character . ( Cheers . ) He was told that ithad been the cu > tom in England to cry down some of the best friends ofliberty . He knew that ampngst his own countrymen a . set of base men wer « found to mept
on the Caltou Hill , and denounce men who were as superior to tiieni a « they were to dogs . ( Loud cheers . ) He was not prepared to : stand up and see sueli men ' as Stephens and O'Connor ,, who led the van iu danger ; he could ntit stand up to see these men sacrificed to a . set of mushrooms who had risen up only as yesterday , who knew liothing more than the presence of lladicalism , and were never heard of b « lpre . He took his stand against this party , and that stand he was determined to mointain . He should meet , this Rev . Brewster in his own town , and there amidst his own congregation , he would tell . him that the next text from which he ought to preach was" The Lord opened the " mouth of the ass to speak ; " and he ( Dr . Taylor ) would supply
the commentary ** andyou made- / . a loolof yourself . " ( Cheers and laughter . ) During the few moments which he was yet to addrisks them , hw would speak of the duty of a delegate to the Com ^ ntion . It waii not merely to carry up a petition which would be used for lighting up the stoves of the House of Commons , but it vras his duty to watch every ( member of . ^ arliamerit , , arid especially those from his own district to make a call ewry morning before he was out of bed , to tell that member that be wanted this or that for hist constituents , to cull again at twelve o ' clock , to follow him to the Mouse ofCoinmobs , and even at his meals ; to dog him like a sloth-hound tliroueli all the country , and ring in Lis ears—juttice to the people—until that member
gets ' , either- so sick of the place that he leaves it , or at once performs his duty , ( Loud and tremeuddus cheers . ) He ought also 'to . ' be prepared with _ a suflicient coiisiitutional knowledge for drawing put those bills which may be appointed by the . Convention . " He must : be prepared to act with dec * sion , and yet with calmness , to meet taunts and repel tfiemwidireaspn or airgumeiit ; to ' beat do « it caTnmiiy by a blameless life , and to repel insolence by a blow . These were the . opinions lie had long cherished , and , while during the long course of his career , he had looked with terror to the use of physical forfce . He had been again , arid again , and again , ' obliged to recur to it , as the only means for making out their freedom , if our rulers were men
who were capable of undeTstanding their oWn porition , if they had the feelings- of ; humanity which might be worked upon , when he might hoj ) e to lead them bac [ k to , j ustice ; but they were as stones , deaf to the voice of Urimanity ; and , as the haminer alone conld break the one , so the rire alone cnuld break the other . ( Lpud cheers . ) ' Since he was there be ^ fore one spirit had gone . No , it was not Kone , for it seemed ; as if that spirit were stilt hovering over them ; it seemed ks ' . . ¦ if IBeaumprit were still therej reviving the spirit of Radicalism iu ¦ ' the miiids ;' -of the men of Newcastle . ( Great emotion , and loud cheers ;) He ; knew hot when the time might come lor physical ¦ forcer—but this much he was prepared for that when that time did come that his
countryman could no longer stand the yoke of dayery . which was now riyetted around their necks ; he for one would seize the sabre and use it to tho Ti-ry bes ^ efect he could . ^ Lbudicheers . ) ^ Chat would be fao new weapon for hirnyrHe had fought witfi ; the pen till the . apathy of the people had obliged him ¦¦ to lay it dawn ' ; he had fpughr , 6 h the hu . 'tings till his own weakness had forced him tc > retire ; bnt he wpuld part with the : sabre only with hi * life , : and when all else had forgotten him , his own hand shrill write his epitaph upon a tyrant ' s brow in characters of blood , and with a / peri of steel . ( Tremendous and long continued cheering . ) A vote ol ihankK wa 8 then s ^ ven to the . chairmari , after whicU the meeting separated iii the most oiderlymanper . ¦
1 he members ami wives of the Northern Political Union , afterwards drank tea together , in ' . the ,-Ney Mu ? ic Hall , to the jiuniber of about one thousand . Eifihthundred sat down together ; and about two hundred itfterwrards succeeded their friends wheri they had fiiii > bed . ^ meediig was to be held : after tea , but as our reporter was : obliged to leave at eig ht o'clock , we are . unable to notice , it further this week .. . " :- ' . ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ . " '¦' ' . •'' ¦ . ¦ ¦' , ' ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ : •¦ ' ;¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' : ¦ ' •¦ :. ' ' . ' '
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I HE ^ ADDRESS OF THE BOROUGH OF OLDHAM POLITICAL ASSOCiATlON 1 O i HE VvbRKlNG MEN OF BiKM . 1 NGHAM . : ¦ ,. _ " . " ' :. ; ; ,. " . ¦ : . ' ' ¦ . ¦/; ¦ : Men of BiRMiNoriAji , —It is w ) th feelings of wirrovvftud pain that we now address you . VVitli 8 iirrow because some «> f your leaders have expressed taeir : williijguess toi join that political appstate i Daniel X > , 'Cpnnell , who proposes that we should uiscnrd men in whose judgment , integrity , and pittriutiMn uur confidence is unbounded , in order to obtain the co-operation of a man in whose political uoriesiy we place no ^ ^ confidence ; . - . at , alU : With pain ,
hecause we areunder thenscessityof expressing pqr UWiUprobatipri of their eppduct pri that- occaisibn ; tpr : tauugb ' they have prpfessed ; . ] their : willingriess ip . j « » iu himi : yet , if they are honest men , the tefiris he pri ^ poses are such as effectually praclude all hope of union with him . . : "' " "'" ¦ . > "'' . - ¦ " ' y - . ' ¦'¦¦'" . ' : /' - \/ y Men of Bimingham , ; we ; have strugglied hard arid successfully to . return men to Parnamenti pledged : ' toUniveisal Suflrage and its fpur great adjuncts ; ^ aiid think you ^ that , after having bynriwearied ^ and atreriuous ; exertions Pbjained that ad ^ vantage , we : ^^^ are prepared to ^ throw it awiay , arid fall hack ou O'Ctniu ^ w piiiclical measures ? Najr , sooner than adopt /» s practical measures , or acknowledgeAimtqi prie of out leaders , and thereby
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give :. ; hirij : the means of be ^ trayiu ^^ us and rendering abortive pur .. past ^ and future | , prpceeduig 3 j' ; we would altpgethe ^ cease frp ni agitating Ae question . fnrther . But we nptd p intend todo either'ihe ^ one or the other . > Vetare deteriniriedto ^^ press forward st ^ di ^ PP 1 ^ * veririgly , and resolutely iri the course : in which we have hitherto proceeded ^ and by our constancy and conduct prove that we are wprtby of our rightsl Neitherdp . we believe that you , w ho * at Hollpway Head , before God and your couritiy , sp solemnly pledged yoTirselves to Uuiversal Suflrage , will basely desertit . No , we belieye that you are actuated by the same hopes [' and ' desirfes , bythe same intentions ariddetermiriatibri that we 4 re ; , \ fhich are , ; to establish the liberty and happiness of our common
country on principles 6 f the broadest bsMfeu Up then Men pi Birmingham i and shew by your d |> terniiriation that vyoK make no coinprbmiseT-that you are ; wh at yon pro / ess to be ; : and by doing so bring ^ back your wavering : leaders to i ^^ sense of their duty , ; or otherwise comRel them to give way to honester men . Men of Birmingham , we know tbat wfe have been grossly ^ iand wiltully : niisrepresented by persbns who . wish to . spread disunipn , in - ^ piir ranks . We have been represented as ^ violent incen diaries ^ wisliing to destrpy property ; as ariarchisfsj who would involve our ^ country ip civil strife and desolation ; . ai bloodthirsty agitator > , ' eager and desirous to iinbue onr Hands in the blood of our fellow-creaturesi But " all '• these-. ' base calumnies ; we Repudiate with the scorn and indignation which thev merit .
We are nut mcendiaries . We wish not to destroy property ; ibriools indeed « hould ; we be , if , Jtft « having laboured so hartlto produce it , we were wantonly to destrpy the work of our own hands ; we wish only to turn it to its u ^ tttral and legitimate nse ; nainelyi the promotion ol the h ^ ppineis of mankind ;; : We arei not anafchista , We tvishript to engage in civil strifei , nor to render bur country desolate ; we- wish ; to make her really that which she has been represented to be--the envy and hatred of surrQundiijg despots , and the admiration oi the world . We are noc bloodthirsty agitators , — we are neituer eager nor desirous to imbrue pur hands m the blood of pur fellow-creatures ; for We have a natural horror of shedding blood , and we think , that it cannot be too much discouraged . ' -
Men of Birmingham , your watchword is our watchword , " 1 ' eace , Law , and Gkdjer , " so long as " Peace , Law , and Order" are observed by bur enemies ; but we a « sure you , ; that , if- those who are opposed to us , break thrpugh "Peace , Law , arid Okdeh ,: ' ia order to attack us , we are resolved to defend ourselves to the last extremity . We have frankly and candidly expressed our opinions and intentions ; and we have done so with the greater coiifidenca because we feel that through our represeritatiyes , we are more iririmately con .-nected , than any Other part of the ; kingdom can justly claim to be . We reciueiit that you will with equal frankness arid candour express yours .
By order of the . Borough of Oldham Politicai . Union Oldham , Dec . 24 th , 1838 . ;
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— Ugii * ' ' " — - — . ' THE RADICALS QF ASHfOmUNPERLYNE , TO THE OPERATIVE PRECURSORS OF IRELAND ; FELLow-CmjZExsy—The timehas atlengtharrived ^ when the operatives of every land and every clirrie ought to greet their fellows cordially , and wiih them ' God soeed in every legiUmatR undertaking , and if ever there was a time thatthis -practice ^ was niore necessary than usual , now is ^ the time . Think not , - fellow-citizens , that we are compelled to appeal to yni for support at : the present iniportarit crisis , we know tha ^ j laken as a whole , we , the operatives bf Eiiglhrid , ar infinitely more comfortable than ^ you ^ still distress exists even at the footpf . the throne ; and as there is no eirect without a cause , let us reason
together , and try to trace the evil to itt ? source ; \ Ve know that the parties interested in keeping both you and ; us" in our present state of degradation , ^ will say this is all stuff—factious , inflammatory , treasonable , and so on ; but their prosperity has made them deaf to our cries , and blind to our . iaSeries . ; and ^ ^ while they ( our oppressors ) are basking on Brussels carpe . tsin the glare of a gas-lit chandelier , many a wJdowand orphan , many an intelligent , ar id honest iridustrious operative is famishing for lack of food at this inclemerit season of the year- —let us , then , ask each otherAyhence arises all this sorrow and distress ? Our ' mahufactrires are in every market in the known world . In silk , woollen , " and cotton fabric—the productions of our artisans and
handicniftsmeri are known to and used by all nations , both civilized and savage ; Your labbnr furnishes a great portion of the food on yhich the eiripire ; depends for support , you furnish the riayy and all the Govern » meati establishments , both at horne and abroad , with victuals and live stock ^ ypur sons are the protectors of the nation—ypur daughters are the slaves ol impudence and pride , and as the cause of our destitution is ( according- to the political economist * ot the day ) over-production ,. the . "iault cannot be puis ; the : blame cannot lie with the working classes , except they do wrong iri praducing . tpo much , and as we may reduce the whole of society intp two classes , namely , the goyernors and the governed , the bjame must rest with the former , as it is nonsense to
s . upppsu .-a man can -be miserable ^ if he possesses all the necessaries of life which he rri . 04 t certairily would , if in ; the full enjoyment of the prodnce of his ; toil . Now , what w « mean by the governors is , those that possess the elective franchise , and hence every man that has no vote is , in fact , a slaye ; therefore , all the privations that we undergo , all the ignorniriy that is tieaped on pur heads may be safely attributed tp exclusive legislation , ^ It is a singular fact , but , nevertholess , true , that those that are the real pillars of the comraouwiBalth , that those ; that prpdace everythiug , that those that protect everything , should enjoy comparatively nothing bat we are of opinion , alter inature consideration , that the parties who furriish everything ought to rule every thine , and
with God ' s help and bur own good strong armsyso we iijtend to do . We find by the ' new s paper repprts that there is a society in existence iri'Ireland called the Precursor Society , having' fbr its ostensible ^ object the emancipation of Irishmen . We ask pur Irish brethren , if they know . what emancipation ineins —• if they mean permissiPn to have a Catholic lawyer made Chief Justice of ^^ thekC&minPri Plea % Gt Master of the Rolls , or Lord / Lieutenant of a county , a Sheriff , a-Magistratevor Corporate ^ Officeiy or Poor Lavr Commissioner or Clerk—wean ^ # er , away with such emancipation ; but if you meanthat ; everyiriari ot sane mind , above twenty yearil of age , unstairied by crime , shall have a vote in sending his representative to Parliament , then your / Precursor . Society
will indeed be a means of ^ regenerating the"wretched , bufbeautiful coon try that you inhabit ^ 'irid elevating yon once more in the scale of nations , in which glorious enierprise ^ -e will assist yPu to the deatK ^ if necessary ; but if this is not yon * object ; your political malady is indeed beyond a cure . You ought * above all things , to remernber that : tiie present question is for the welfare of the body-ryonr souls are amply prbyided for ( thanks to the corisidc-rate G overnment who . never allows tUe stock of black locusts to be exhausted ) , for which reason you o ujght to follow .. tbe / advice-of such . men as would show ; you how to get bread for your families , and garments for your children ; arid this can never be done v aslorig as you give countenance toanyirian
that has not your real interest in 'tiew .: Year alter year , your A ssociations , and Societ ies , - and : arririge-: irients have , b ^ en formed under the guidance and direction of Dan . O'Coririell . y Ou have spentim--. mense sums of money annuall y ^ and ^ haj ; have you got in return ? - ^ nbthing , absolutely nothing . ; The Vernor 8 and Lefroys , the Browns and Farohams laugh at yonr credulity , arid possess the same iriiluence in the House of Cbmmoris they ever did . You say under the present Government yen have peace in the larid ; yes , you haveperinissipri . to starve , while'the absentee lan'dlofd revels on what , would be your property if you possessed tJniyeftsal Snn ' rage . How lbngvtheni will you listen : to this Whig Precursor and his Syren Sorig of patience ?
have you not waited with patience those thirtyeight years , hoping to reap the beneiits of this Union ? Ypurfathers have sunk to the grave brokenhearted and beggared ; your children are dispersed all over the g lobe in poverty and exile { - —where , now , is the spirit of Emmett , Fitzgerald , orSteele ? where is the wit of Swift , Burke , arid Sheridiiri ''? is Erin ' sisnn set for ever , thatshe '' . ' must remain the ; tilting ground of two contending" ; factions ? must she be deluged in bipod by Tories ' on one' side , of treacherously ppisoned : by Whigs on the ^ other , ^^ while she sleeps ? Forbid it , feUowrcitizens—forbid iE | Irishrrien- ^ awakeh to a sense of your ducjrV ^ re it is top late , arid let the wbrld see that you deserve the freedom you seem so ardently to desire . . While
you lie supine and provstrate at the feet ¦ /> '' & ¦ g 18 ^ in hypoensy , who can pity yon , who will assist you ? We do not wish you ip shed one . drop of bloody but Danv O'Connell does . ¦; Did he riot way—'' What glorious pleasure jthe boys would feel in nghtingfor their ; belpved Qiieen ? Oh , fellpw-men ,: yod have ; indeed , fotght too long for royalty . If you will fight , let it be for yourselves , your wives , arid children- —Temember that , Daniel O'Connell kissed the Queen ' s hand , ; arid Judas like , with that kiss he betrayed you-- —recollect what he said on the : Snffirage question , . that -the franchise should be extended as far ; as it could be v d 6 ne .: practically at present , " : Now , he , Daniel
O ' Cpiinell , say ' s he is a suppbrter- of the present Ministryy and my Lord Jbhn Russell declared , in his ^ place > in . the House , : that the Refbwh : Bill a tinaL measure , so that the extension ipf the irarichise is out pif the question , unless Ministers are < forced to : cpneede , for lear of the pressure from , without , or , in other wprds ^ on the ground of ^^ ; expediency , the same as they passed the Catholic Relief Bill . Besides , if •¦ there , was an exterislpnof the franchise , it would rigver reach the poorerGatholics ; arid , consequentl y ^ the great inasspf the people wbuld remairi ; tue same as they are . Those that nave votes want rip reforni : ; therefore , it is a duty you owe to your children And co posterity , to prevent the encroachments of tyranta
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^ i ^ Mmm snredly Ieadthe ^ eople ^ ^ c ^^^*** ' ** s ' peace and plenty . " M . He woffl ^^^^ ' ^^^ ^' with the mg ^^ aSym ^ S ^ & ^ W did not stuiefe ; cr ^ for ^ lSS ^^ f ^ land ^ nd ^ last , tnongh ; otStSt ^| & ^ arrived for the paymentof the naiiS ^ u ®^ there might have beenafelling oft wiAont ^^! extra agitation-rriot to speak : of ^ ffi ^^ l ? shniing ^ and w ; fearless ^ - ^ a ^ J ®^^^ hft mav havA nlo / l . r ^ \ . l ~« Zic- il J J wu - * whatererZt ^ " j »««« c ^ uH
— --- , ueeu rooo ior von in ' -H ^ - ' i cpming ^ session-that he ; is not the nnS »? ft ^ ^ patribthe has ^ repre * erited--or ' ^ h ^ S ^ ^' his vote on the ^ Factory Question ? ^* N »? fellpw * citizen ^* e write to you . not to \ rA ^ t ^ yon , ^ ut to advise yon to open your * % »? £$ *** m < f **™ . ^ b ystander ; cln Sftj than he that is playine the trkmo t n « v" ors ' for thafutnre , anf bfnot Je ^^ e ^ uctiS ^ W one , however great his abSs maVi ^ - One individual may be-Doug mv but ^ a *^ rtrS . ^ not . Reviewtheyotes of yoVlSsoWW ^ - whp said , in his reply to ^^ SS ^ casde ^ that he : wb ^ fjead an S ^ J irfehSSagainst any party that would atten ^ t ? distoX d £ iiut maite
« m any remarics on his condricton tlm Canada question , Ru ^ a , Spain , the ItSh ^ the r - . % W poor . » the Revision of the PenS List , the granting of £ 10 & , 000 per aririum ' t ? S Queen Dowager ^ &c ,, ¦ but : leave yoS tdS ¦ f ^ - - ^ ^ W * ' ^«^ P *^ -- ^ lMWanct » the leader of the Ir ^ hliDerals ^ hether he ^ a fit ; W 1 ^ be justed as the protector of Irdand ? weal . We would most earnestly desire , that , as men havingpne cpmmon ; objectin view , viz . Universal Freedom . to the whole ^ of the human race ^ yoi wpaldnotcondenm ri 8 for our opinions , brit if wa are wrong , set Us right ^ by calm mi manly reaS inland , jf -we . are right , we hor ^ you ' will ^
operate wi « i us in staying : to ^ erect the standard bf fe- , - y * : ; F , ^ 9 ^ Jd strongl y advise you to fbrm Working Men ' s / stociationsAin ever / town S Tillage m Ireland , a * they are perfectly legal . " arid if you will collect your pence togethe rfletlf beS purchase matenalH , such as books and newspapers , ior mutual instniction--take your an ^ ursmto S own hands , and . give no more money to Daniel Q Connellimtil he has redeemed the pledge he Kava yo ^ when he swore to ^^ have theParhamentTsittirig oi College Green , before the end of live years-i remember , top , the npble rapport you r « ceived from various parts of the world , when the Catholic Association vras in existence | : arid how slbrieusly you were cneatealter
a aU your expectations . To the tradesmen of Dublin we will say ii « thing , after the recent treatment they received at th «^ hands of the Mighty Dan (! Oitheyare surely awake . Tct concluded we hope to hear shortly of your determination to give ua your undivided support , and let pur Union be one of sentnnent and action , —not merely a union of coloured calico . With our best wishes for your property , we remain yours most sincerely . Signed , on behalf of 4 he Radicals of Ashtbn , EnwArib Hobsojt , Presidenti _ . ' :- -- -: TijiotHT Higgiks , See . ' Dec . 17 , 1838 . r- ' :. -... ¦; -, ?;^ . '; : ,: ...,.
Untitled Article
[¦ : ¦¦ : ¦ ;_ . ; :.,. . .. j * l My . , . . •; . ' ' . ;' . ; , . ^^¦ ¦ y- . - ^ TO THE RADICAI ^ OF TBE KINGrDOM ^ The address tf the Members tf the Ayr D'humd * Society ^ aoopted at upublicmeeting . held thelTtk ¦ ¦ ; December , 18 ^ J 8 . : ; ' ; : f - . ¦ ' /¦''¦¦' ¦ } _ ¦ : , / .., - ¦ BriETHRKN , —That we have not long : before this acquired our freedom , -is in a great measure to be attributed to otir want of . union , and a difference off bpihionatnpngthe more prprriirieritand ' infln ^ pt our party , not prily as regards the objiecttowhich we sebuld first direct bur eiiergies bjit itillnjbre a » to the manner in which ^ theae energies should be ^ applied . Fortunately , - part of this ; ^ O ^ culty : has been overcome , andUniversal ^^ SuiQrage is how alnipst
the universal demand : ; of the wealth-prbducing . clnssespf the country . -Still ,: hpw 8 ver ,. ' a difiererice r exists as _ to how we ^ ought ^ { proceed in our efibrtsto obtain it , ' and while one ;¦ part y , goaded ; on to madness by the ^ eppressipii which . theyj witness and the wrbrigs they ^ ndure v are prepared -by their own righthands ; tp ^^^ work ^ ut theirown ^ freedbnij throngh aUi ^ e horro rs pf a civil war ; bthers > as honest and perhaps as bravei , recoil frpin" being : instrumental in creating the ' miseries . which , such a plan , even : if siiccejslul ^ must entail upon ¦" alii a ° 4 are for relying upon the justice of their " cause and lighting th » battle wita moral weapons alorie .. v " ' ' : :
; ' > Hope deferred makethithe heart eick ^ ' * ; . ; f And it is because we have seen no ; plan proposed by the advocates of moral force which oitfew ariV 5 prosp « ct of success , —while a reicpurse tbl arms a u tterly urijustifiable until all milder means haye been tried- inyairi- ^ -that we have been inducedsto inquirewhethersDcri-a plan of a ^ itataorimay notW adopted , as , while it offers a certainty . ' of -success , may > be acted upon by men of every ppinibri , ' witUont bringing them into angry collision with eachMother . We have seen India , ^^ on one : OccaMon ^ and ^^ North America upon two , acting successfully against tha ' Government without an appeal to arms , and taking v a ; lesson frbm ^ th em , we are determined to tryUia eauierat home . These means cbnsist simply iri ^
stopping the supplies , by refusing to u « e such articles of luxury as pay ' a . he ^ vy tax- ' tb' Governinent , and snpply '' .-them with the means of % ranriizirig over the community ^ The Hb ^ se © t Cpmmons inUj indeed vote the jriPneyv but it is the people who must pay it , and if they refuse to make use bf suth articles as the taxes arelened on , Government have " no choice but to yield to their , just demaittdsi and iristead of being masters , beceme theit servant Upon an ^^ inquiry into the sources ^^ frbin whence the Government derive their revenue ,- wefind that averyi WZ * Portion of it accrues ifrom the duties upon intoxicating liquors , tea , and tobacco ; eightrteriths -of these Articles are consumed by the . working classes
ana consequently , by leaving them off altogether * orS ' for a'tune , they have-iti-in .-their ownpowerto reduce their rnl « rs to obedience . ' ¦¦¦ It hasbeeri calculated by a writer in the trite Se-itsmah , that every ^ inillipnof ? : inhabitants , riot including ehildren ' p&y ' iuiiniiairy ^»^ Gbvernment upon these articlesialPne tSrp ^ million *^ of pounds Bterling in taxes , white ^ the ^ a ^ tuaf ^ outlaff on their part , vis lour millions sterling J if the three ? millions of men , ^^ therefore , whovhaW : ng 5 ed 1 tlflC National Petition , were to give npvthe ; enBr ^' : . n 0 of such articles for ; one yeaf , " : th « Gov » rrirn 6 nir would be six millions poorer , while they ^ puld at tlie . | same time have saved to theinseives a stun of no lesl * than twelve millibris which would leave " lthem bettw ^
able to fight any future battle , arid they : would wt every day gaining strength ,: whilst their opponenti ; were becoming weaker and weaker the longer the struggle lasted ^ : : -: ' ' C ' r ' -- - :: ^ --0- :: .- ' \ .- - ' ¦'¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ -- •' , ¦ Here } then , brethren , is a plani in ^ nich men o ^ all parties can conscientiously join , those inclined W resort to physical'force , as -weU as th 6 ^ : who . wbiu 4 rely on moral means ( alone and we call vponyotij throughout the kingdom , tp adopt it , without delay j assuring you that it i * the only way by which yptt can peaceabl y gain your rights , arid solemrily Warflirigiyou that if you do riot ipllbw itpnt , you will-Be heldrecponsible to God and your cbuntry , either for keeping the nation in slavery , and' your wives aiid
families in misery , or for a liberty gained through : ; : seas of blobd , and attended with such a mighty cpa ^ vulsion , a » to make it rather a curse than ; a benefftiJ Throw ; aside , then , this '' hanke ^^ Aristpcracy—imitata : them no lbnger in their seiir i sualiiy ; repudiate those luxuries which are iricont i ? patible with the present depressed state of trade , ands the enjoyment of which , on your part , is an insult f * 1 your poorer brethren , who are starving arpund yonjl fonn ypuftselves with you r wives and families iato A societies , determined to pi it down every sensual in * - ] drilgerice , tuid prove your moral power and iitnesij for having a voice ia the ( rovernment of the nadoBr : by governing your : owii ; passions . and conquering j your own evil propensities * - V :: ¦ ' ¦ ¦ r-: : -:- _ -: " ' " : ¦ John Ti y ioB , President of the /;; ' Ayr D'hunia-Sociefy . ' •; Z . ¦ ¦
Untitled Article
. .. . - ; ' . ¦¦ - ¦ - . .- .. . ... , . IPP . . .. . .. — :: .- ¦ - - _ ; . -. 1 ^ Eactious lNTOLE ] RK ^ CE . r-r—iV > r i pme time back , the people of Xeigfr have been in the habit ( there being no pubHp robrn ait their command ) ofholding their meetings in the Catholic School-room , f rhlc . ¦ h '; : wwl ^ . ^ lndly ^'' offwired . themvby fee ^ KeV / -Mr . ^ Reeve . Tbe factions ,: hp ^ ever , dfeadipg the ' intel ^ ligeuce of thepepjslei if suffered to be eBpite ^ in meetings , have interfered in ; 8 uch > a manner-a * to prevail upon the Rev . Gentleriian ^ evidently ^ wit h reluctance , to withdraw the privilege from the Leigh Radical Assbciation , the cpinmitUje , of whiek have received ^ froiri-MnBeeyei the following letter- * ' ¦ *¦ Gentlemen- ^ - ^ Ha \ ing : bben desired by magisteriair authority not to permit any further political mee ^ I ings in the Cathphc School RopiriV of'Betlfordi Jj hereby beg you will excuse me for not allowingattj I more-meetings . , ¦ - ¦¦ - ' - " ; . -: ' : - . ¦'•¦ : ' " ¦ ¦ : ? i ; . ; - . ^ \ - : : :. ^ s ? . *^;\ m \ : :- - - - .:: - . ' - '• - ' " ¦ ' : ' ¦ ¦ .:. - ' ¦ : ¦' . ' ¦ ' :: ¦ ' ^ ^ ¦ ^ ¦ ^ ' ^ ' ^ SX ^^ ti Explosion at ¦ WjiiaHssv . v ' . jj . oiiTWBuyi ^ DBEADFUt IiOSS OF LlFE . ^—i * On ^ 6 * 1 ^^ 1 last , about half-past eight / o'clockj during ^ tM < ' nightshift , " an explosion took place ? iathe ]| J Church Pitt , Wallseod ^ in vthe' « Benshim <^« aj ^ by which all the ^ " raenVtforari ^ etop lb ^ edjl ^*^^^ were kflled , namelyl , Tnom ^ Diririifigp ^ rhp ;"' ) w ^ H a ¦ widow ; aud-fiye chilrlreri j ^ a ^ thew Xawns ^ Sffl single man ^ feotrias Vrilkinsori , tit ; mtpi h Jf *^ Rosebyy a wife aridibut chadreirrJacbbllil ^™ a ; wife ; and a large . femibp ; T ^ sow-ft ^™^ wift ^ and foar children ; William ^ Smithy ^ a ^ I two children ; Hugh Rew , a wife ; WP »»^^ wife and nine children ( the wife on her death-W «» JbhriLeightori ; wife and fi ^ chadrenf and ^ iH «| AllertonV wife and tyrp children . Two -D ^ yy " ^^ bulged and jbroke ^ were found , and it is « ° ?^ a tured that the explosion was pwirig to some accia ^ having happened to one or both of them . : ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 29, 1838, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1038/page/6/
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