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MM KORTHEilf STAfi. SATGBDAY, JANUARY 19, 1839.
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THE CORN LAW MEETING AT LEEDS.
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STATE OF THE COUNTB7.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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DEBATE IN THE FRENCH £ HAMBEB OF DEPUTIES . The debate on Wednesday offered the most ani-B&t « d spectacle . On the first paragraph being read , md it being understood that & Ministerial member , M . Amilh&u , bad proposed an amendment , M . Garnier Pages delivered the sentiments of the Extreme Left , ' which appeared to b « those of polite contempt for all parties in the Chamber , whether Ministerial or constitutional opposition . He could not but Tote for the Address , as it spoke bis opinions ; but yet be bad no desire that the adoption of this Address ihould overthrow the Cabinet—he preferring a weak and poor Ministry like the present , who might , be ced into
for doing good , to a strong and talented , and « ren more liberal one , which , notwithstanding its peater degree of liberality , wonld do nothing for the people or their eanse . M . Gamier Pages spoie , moreover , a great and important troth , when h « declared that the ills which all united in complaining cf—the feebleness of all Parliamentary influence and weight , and the predoainance of the Conrt -over fiie representatitfo . of the country , proceeded from the Legislature- not sufficiently representing the great body of the people . The Chamber was returned by & small and isolated body of interested electors , and had thus neither the country mor the popular Toiee-rith it , No wonder thatrie Crown treated it as a plaything .
M . Babthb , Keeper of the Seals , replied to M . Garnier Pages , and aecused Messrs .- Thiers and Guizot of leaguing -with the lieft in order to turn Destructives , M . GmzoT then mounted the tribune , and said that since he was called factions and revolutionary Sor having aided in framing the address , he would read the address , and ask which paragraph contained any thing factious or revolutionary ? A scene then ensued , almost fcs shameful as can well ¦ b e described . The one hundred and -fifty - thickand-thin supporters of all ministers , occupying the centre of the Chamber , whs had listened in silence lo a the republican , M . Gamier Pages , began to bellow at M . Guizot wilb an accord and a zeal onlv
to be equalled by the claqueurs of a French pit . They would not hear him . He * aid they shuuid . And it was only by force of hangs that he got through the first paragraph . Here the Centres clamoured against the expression , " the peace which ^ we have maintained ; " as if it was the Chamber , and not the government , which had maintained peace . M . Guizot replied , we meant both Chamber , government , and country . v ODe of the three ministerial members of the commission
had objected to fee phra « e . Hereupon ensued a murmur , and the three ministerial members of the commission got up , one after another , in the tribune , M . Guizot retiring to the back of it , but not quitting it . All three made the same excuse , viz ., that the wboie tose of the address , from beginning to end , was so deplorable and disagreeable to them , that they gave up cavilling about words and isolated expressions , and rather desired to see its bitterness exaggerated than softened , in the hope that the whole would be rrjected by the Chamber .
M . Guizot th = n continued to read the address , in which he repeated there was nothing revolutionary —nothing against the King—but a very pla ' in , unambiguous condemnation of the Ministry as incapable and ins-efficient . The Ministry did " not reDre .-sea : the country with dignity . The address said bo . Was this the factious and revolutionary paragraph ? Yes and ^ o w ere heard , in answer , from behind the Ministerial bench , of which the occupier * remained silent , though mueh agitated . M . Thieb . 5 then summoned Ministers to speak eut , and declare boldly , was this revolutionary ? Silence prevailed . M . Guizot then read the parajrraph which declared the Throne to repose in the " " allmigbt of the national will . " "Was this revolationarv ?
M , Moxtaltvbt here observed that he was " no parnzan of quasi-legitimacy . M . Guizot denied that he had ever uttered tba phrase attributed to him , of coBsidenng Louis Pnillippe by right of yi # z «" -legitimacy . He < ra * King by right of a legitimate revolution , and that he ( M . Gu : zot ) loudly professed . He- then pa < .-ed to the phrase that demanded a Ministry capable o : "covering the tirose with ifa responsibility . ' " This responsibility ought to be real , aDd not
dependent on the assertion of Ministers themselves . The Xing might take the first men he might meet in the -street , and make Ministers of them . The act was legal and , perhaps , constitutional . But they would not protect the throne by their responsibility . It was highly constitutional to remind the throve of this , and he defied them to stigmatise such adm-e as revolntionary . The address was a sincere , a needful , a noble document , and neither factions , nor revolutionary , and he would be proud of having been alone tie author of it- - -
It is impossible , writes our correspondent , to describe the storm that burst forth between every sentence , and interrupted each minute the word- of M . Guizot . The claqueur * of the Centre were merciless and furious ; and when M . Guizot descended from the tribune , he was obliged to fling himself exhausted on the bench occupied by the members of the commission . Count Molb rose after M . Guizot , and began by admitting that the address was neither factious nor revolutionary , but that it was unconstitutional . It transferred power from the centre of the Chamber to a side of it where power bad neier before been . It accused ministers , and for that he did not blame it . What he blamed it for was its declaring" that ministers did not cover the throne with the-ir
responsibility . This was to declare the crown itself responsible , and responsible , too , for a policy stigmatised as insufficient , pusillanimous , and pernicious . But it was forgotten that force did not reside so much in ministers as in the Chamber which supported them , and which sanctioned and supplied their responsibility . M . Thibbs replied to Count Mole , and examined his assertion , that the address was unconstitutional , because it tended to transfer the government from one side of the Chamber to another . M . Th * ier « ridiculed such an " incomprehensible argument . They were quite of the school of the Ministers of the Restoration , who always exclaimed that to drive
them from power was nothing short of revolution . It was this stupid obstinacy en their part , their identification of themselves with royalty and with public safety , that drove the Minister * of tbu Restoration into tht fatal blunders and policy inwhich they founderrd . He wonld sot corapafe Count Mole with Prince Polignac , although one minister was as unparliamentary as the other , asd neither represented any other parry than the Court . By dint of orruption and beseeching , tolerance and manoeuvring , such ministers might rally a certain number of adherents , but not a number sufficient to carry on the government . Besides , although numbers were
very decisive , the quality of the persens compogiDg these numbers ought also to W taken into account . He declared , with the addrept , that the ministry , was insufficient . Minister * might wply that such 'lasguage was unconstitutional ; but * uch an objection was not worth refuting . Th * interruptions during II . Thier ' s speech were as frequent u those which aw ailed M . Guizot . M . Montalitbt argued that the address , was unconstitutional , became it declared thatone of the three powers in the state tended to eucroach beyond its sphere . In 1834 , M . Barroi made the same accusation ; and what did M . Taiers , then minister , reply?—why , ' that such aa accusation was unconstitutional . ' -
Here ended one of the most interesting and agitated sitting * of the Chamber of Deputies , but so interrupted , we learn , that it would be impo-aiWe for a regular report to convey an idea of it . All present admitted that M . Gaaot fully redeemed his coolness and patience on the first day of tb » discus-« ion . He tru eloquent , warn , powerful , and frankly liberal on Wednesday , and as jaeh , was welcomed by the warm approbation of the Liberals , and by ths concerud hurras of one hundred aDd fifty of his guardian friends . M . -Thiers was equally eloquent , equally hnpresjive . His were the last remark * of Moatalivet , without their felicity and effect . Every speaker , indeed , since M . Barthe , commanded interest and gave proofs of talent .
On Thursday , M . de Lamartine cure to , the support of the ministry , which , hi said , bnt more truly represented the country in having no certain or numerous majority . For the country itself was in precisely the same situation , without fixed opinion , or united interests , or persevering seal . It was- not the fault of the ministry , if it was in the general state of the country . Nor could it on that account be accused of leaving the King exposed to responsibility . The address in this was unconstitutional , « ndhe would oppose it . He would support the present minisj ) £ , weak as it was , until there appeared a decided m » jority in the Chamber oa which another and a solid administration might be ba « ed . Mr . Jouffray drew different conclusions from the state of things ; he saw the country uncertain , because the Chamber showed it the example ; and he « aw the source of the evil in the weakness of jhe ministry , which it was imperative imme-ii itely tj remedy ,
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CANADA . ( From the Montreal Gazette of the 15 th insi . ) The sentence f the court-martial having been submitted to his Excellency the Administrator of the Government and Commander of the Forces , has been approved of in general orders issued to-day . By this sentence , Edouard Therien , and Louis Leseige otherwise called Loui * Kesage , dit Laviolette , have been acqaitted . The remaining ten prisoners , Joseph Narcisse Cardinar , Joseph Duquette , Joseph l'Ecu jer , Jean Louis Huber , Jean Marie Hubert , Levie Ducharme , otherwise called Leandre Ducharme , Joseph Guimond , Louis Guerin dit Dussault , otherwise called Bianc Dussault , Antoine Cote , Frangoig Maurice Lapailleur , have been sentenced to death ; six of these , whose nameB we have not been able to ascertain , have been recommended for a commutation of the sentence of death , and four left for execution .
"We understand that the fate of the prisoners will be communicated to them ts-day by the Judge Advocate ; ani we believe that no time will be lost in carrying the sentence into execution . It will thus appear , that any doubts which may have arisen , with respect to the constitution and legality of the court-martial , have been completely obviated and set at rest . ( From the Montreal Courier of the I ' th inst . ) The four prisoners , Cardinal , DuquetLepailleor
, , and one of the ThibtTt * , sentenced to be hanged , were officially informed of their fate on Saturday afternoon , by the Judge-Advocate . "We have net been able to learn when they are to suffer , but we have heard that it will be oa "Wednesday or Fridav . Execution Deferred . —We learn from " a gentlemen just from Watertown , that five of the patriot prisoners who were to have been hung on Wednesday last , had been temporarily respited . Only three ( Shultz , George , and Abbev ) had been executed .
The sergeant and two privates from whom Theller and Dodge ( patriot prisoners at Quebec ) escaped , have been convicted by a court-martial of conniving at the escape , and sentenced to be shot . ( From the Belled lie Intelligencer , extra . ) Von Schoultz died as he lived , a brave man ; he made his will , and left about £ 4 000 . One quarter is bequeathed to the girl he was to have been married ; £ 100 . to the Catholic College , at Kingston , and £ 400 , to ihe widows and orphans of toe British Militia who fell at Johnstown . This last is an act of contrition , which exhibits an uncommon mind , and causes one to rejret that such a man should have engaged in such a cause . Th * night before be suffered , he addressed a lettpr to Mrs . Ttt . «* ell , wife of the gaoler : the orienal is in our hands at present , and reads as follows : —
" Dear Madam , —I was told that the three principal things for freedom , elective franchise , Con ^ re-s . ai ; d trial by Jury , were not given to the Canadians ; tuat they most ardently desired them , and that the » aoJe was ready to rise , but they wanted arms . Every where in the United States societies were liruied to procure the Canadian brethren these arm *; it wag also told me that the regular army was ready to join the Patriots . The societies in the United States counted upwards of 150 , 000 irembers . 1 went lrom Ostreeo with the intention of arriving atOgden * borgh , and tbere got information from General Lirge , who they told me was the commander of tbe eastern division . I was Dever permitted to land at OgJensburgh , but carried against my will to Miil Poiut , t « which the said General , a mighty great coward , never came .
" Now , many thanks to you for your kindne * s , and also thanks to your husband . God Almightv bless you and yours , is the prayer of "S . Von Schoultz . " " Written the night before my execution , tbe " th of December , 1838 . " The Roc ' . ester Democrat tells of the shooting of Sir Allan M' ^ Nab , the Colonel who commanded the party by whom tbe Caroline , American steamer , was seized and burned . M'Nab , -with a few companions , were passing the dense Grand River Swamp , when he was shot directly through the temple . He fell from his horse , and , the letters say , died instantlv .
A general order has been issued , prohibiting all pers-ms from leaving the Can ad as without passports , and forbidding any to enter who do not give a satisfactory account of themselves . TDe Hamilton Gazette , of th ? 10 th , says that Colonel Chl « holm was shot at , a few nights " before , near bis own house , but happily escaped uninjured . The Bathitrtt Courier say * that Judge Jones has been warned by a letter from Philadelphia , that he and his brother are marked for assassination . One of the Canadian paper . « states that an attempt was made , recently , to burn tbe heuse of Sheriff Hamilton , at Queenston ; and that the incendiaries , three in number , have been traced to Lewiston .
The story of an incursion into Lower Canada from Vermont , and of the capture of some twenty loyalists who were to be kept as hostages , &c , is without foundation . Goddu , whose arrest we mentioned in our last , was sent off on Monday in charge of Lieutenant Comeau , of the Police , to the lines , where he was discharg-. d . It appears that hi * application for leave ta return to hit * home had not been written ont of the province , as it should have been . — Montreal Courier .
The Montreal Herald gires a report that Colonel Prince has teen arrested for shooting four of hi * prisoners in cold blood , and that bis arrest caused tuch indignation among the volunteers as induced them to lay down their arms , with a determination not to take them up again until the most ample reparation should be made to him for the insult . Two of the convicted prisoner * , Duquette and Carnin-al , were to be hung on Friday la « t . - Abms Stolen . — The store of General Bell in Lower Sandusky , was entered on tbe morning of the 7 th and 80 United State * rifles stolen , valned at § 1 , 000 . The patriots have them , of course . Two young men were so situate they could have heard and prevented to * robbery , but it seems they did neither . — Cleveland Herald . Lower Canada . —The Montreal Htrald
continues its arguments urging war against the United State * . It make . " the most of " the rebellion in Harrisburgb , " hoping to ihow ua of in as bad a condition as is Lower Canada . M . Vigor , with some other prisoner * , has been liberated . It is even uncertain whether any executions are to take place at Montreal . The number now reported as destined for the gallows is only two . ( From the Herald . ) We have just beard that an extra from the Toronto Patriot office , dated the 13 th instant , has been received in town , in which it is stated , that an
address had been presented to His Excellency Sir George Arthur , by the Mayor and citizens of Toronto , inquiring if Hio ExcelKncy had received any official information of that part of the Message of the President of the United States , in which he declares that " disturbances had broken out anew in both tbe Canadas , " to which Him Excellency replied , that he had been equally surprised with the framers of the aduTew , on reading the paragraph alluded to , and had immediately written to Her Majesty ' s Minister at Washington ' to take the earliest opportunity of pointing out to the Proidtnt the error Into which h » fallen .
UNITED STATES . The quarrel between the rival Houses of Representatives for the State of Pennsylvania still subsists without any likelihood of termination . Nkoeo Insurrection . —We copy the following from the Nathvitle Banner of the 8 thinst .: — " The Franklin Record , recaived lant night , contains along account of a concerted p lot entered into by a large number of negroes of Williamson and Rutherford countie » , to murder all the whites they could on a certain day , and take possession of the counties , elect officers to suit themselves , &c . One of tbe black rascal * , a preacher , the property of Mr . W . L . King , of Williamson , passed by the title ef general . But be had a rival in tbe person of another rascal in Rutherford , who has been electioneering for sheriff of the county , when the whites should have been exterminated .
( From the Baltimore Chronicle . ) A slip from the New Orleans Courier of the 17 th of December states that the bark Magnolia arrived on that morning from Barbadoes , bringing information that on the 27 th of November , a British frigate and two sloops of war touched at that place on their way from England to VeraCruz , and they would , it was said , be followed by seven other men-of-war from England , which , with three frigates from the Halifax station , and two already in the Gulf , would augment the English fleet to fifteen sail on the coast of Mexico . The object of this parade of British power in this quarter is as yet only matter of conjecture . ^
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Application fob a Warrant against the Marquis of Normamby . Bow-btrjsk-t . ——Yesterday Mr . O'Mally Irwin , an Irinb barrister and magistrate , residing in Mountjoy-xqn » re , Dublin , appeared before Sir T , Roe and Mr . Minshull , and applied for a warrant for the apprehension of the Marquis of Normanb y , whom he charged with having been accessory to a felony respecting certain documents which jje alleged had been stolen from the strong box in th * office of the Chief Secretary , Dublin Castle . Mr . Irwin said , that he grounded his application upon a dncumenr which he held in hifl hand , and which was a copy of the information in which the facts of the cas « were set forth . He then
went oh to state , that since his arrival in London he had given the noble marquis into the custod y of constable May , 120 C division , and upon a second occasion he had also given him in charge to a constable of the F division , but the noble lord thought proper to inform the constables that he ( Mr . Irwin ) was a convicted perjurer , by which means he succeeded in being set at liU-rty . On the last occasion the noble marquis , accompanied by his lady , was at Eugton-square in his carriage , about to start by tbe railroad for Leamingtuil , wken he ( Mr . Irwin ) gave him in charge , and the words which he used to the policeman as applicable to him ( complainant ) namely , that h « was " a perjurer and a convicted perjurer , "
were taken down on the spot by the constable , who then allowed him to go at large , and he was suffered to proceed on his journey . Mr . Minshull asked if a warrant bad been issued when the alleged felony was committed ? Mr . Irwin replied that he had not been able to bring home the charge against the noble marquis and others until lately , and for that reason he could not have taken any proceedings against the parties in Dublin . Mr . Minshull said that at all events the offence , if any , had been committed in Ireland , and be apprehended therefore , that the application should be made to the proper authorities there . The applicant reminded the magistrates that if a man had been robbed ofVs watch in a distant quarter of the kingdom , and if the person who stole it could be proved to be within tbe
jurisdiction of this offk-e , surely the magistrates would , in such a case , be justified in is » uiiig a warrant for th- apprehension of the guilty party , in order that he might be conveyed to the place " where the falony was committed . Sir F . Roe stated , that there was no lejal evidence to Rupport the applicant * statement . Mr . Irwin was proceeding to untold several documents , which he said related to tre case , when Mr . Minshull observed , that if even the statement was correct in ever ) - particular , the magistrates ef this office had no jurisdiction in a case which evidently had occurred in Irt-land . Mr . Irwin scared extremel y anxious to produce the document referred to , in order to support his application . The in ; i » i « trare * , however , declined to interfere in ttu- matter , and Mr . Irwin then left the office , declaring that the matter should not rest there . —Standard .
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THE REV . MR . STEPHENS AND THE POOR LAW COMMISSIONERS . Manchester . Saturday , Jan . 12 . >> ith the exception of the numerous meetings that have been held in the manufacturing districts to support 2 klr . Stephens in his defence , there has been iio a ^ - . tatiim in this neighbourhood durii . g the week . The assistant Poor Law Commi >« ioner , . Mr . Power , since tl . e app . arance of the correspondence ot the Poor Law Commissiouers with the Bury Pott , has b . ¦ en busily engaged in sending copies ot the correspondence to all the uewspap ^ rs published in Yorkshire ivnd Lancashire . The letters of Mr . Power , of which the following is a copy , are post-paid and printed , from which , it will appear , that the funds arising from the Unions are not wholly expended in salaries before the balance is given to the poor : — PreRton , Jan . 10 ,
'Sir , —I have received from the Poor Law Commissioners official copieH of a correspondence between their Secretary and the Kditorof the Bury Pott , on the mbject of a faW » tat . - ment ufl-cting the character of the ConimiMioners , which la Tmom-i la hare >>« n made by the ^ ev . Jlr . Stephen * , in one of hu * -nn < . nsat Aahton-undfX-L jnf . Aa considerable publicity ha * been giv . n to this « tak ment , by the provincial a » vrell as by the Lundon press , I kave to request that you will uaut me in the endeavour to make kn > wn , aa widely aa poaaiblc , th .- dUavowal of the Poor Law Commissioners contained vu tht annexed correspondence . It ha * been suggested to me , that the imputation which ha * been to indignantly repelled » y the Poor Lair Commissioners may attach to the Demons of inAssistant
e ComiiiuaiontTa unless also disavowed Dy them . 1 b .- g thr-f fore to state , on my own ;> urt , that 1 had no previous knowledge of the existence of the publication which appears t . 1 have been referred to by Mr . Stephens , and thai I have not asmstrd in , or countenanced , the circulation of that , oranv other , work containing doctrines or opinions in tlie slightest degree resembling lho » e described b y him . Allow Hie to expreaa ay conviction , and unou this fact I willingly stake the reU-n . ion of the office I hold , thai uon « of my colleagues , the Assistant Commissioners , have taken any part in suggftrttinu or rpc . mmending ike dreadful practice * which Mr . Mepbena » tatea are about to be adopted for Ule purpose of checking the population of the country .
" 1 am , Sir , yonr obedient servant , "A . POWKB , "Assistant 1 ' our Law Commisnioner . " ( Here follows tbe correspondence between the Secretary of the Poor Law Commissioners and the Editor of tbe Bxtry Post , which appeared iu The limes of Thursday last . ) On t ie subject of the correspondence alluded to , Mr . Stephens has forwarded to you the followini ; letter : —
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES . Sir , —My attention has been directed to an article in The Times of yesterday , headed "The New Poor Law , " containing the "Copy of Correspondence between the Poor Ln . w Commissioners and the Editor of the Bury Post , " in which I have been made responsible for a " statement" said to have been publicly made by me , so utterly abhorrent to the feelings of the Commisnom'r * , nnd so "totally at variance with any opinions ewr h « ld or expressed by them , and apparently so " utterly" and 'totally fat : il" to the future existence of the "Commission , ' if true , that Mr . Chadwick has been instructed to avail himself of the opportunity of expressing their uoleuin denial of having any knowledge whatever even of the existence of the " book , " nnd their unqunlified abhorrence of the sentiments said to be set forth therein .
That the Poor Law Commissioners uliouldmanKeit this more than maiden ruooVsty at the casual connexion of the work in qne .-tion with their name * , refusing , even for a moment , to wear the unappropriate honours of this moral wreath , placed by a too officious hand upon their blushing brow—that they should betray a nenttitivoness so extreme—an earne « tness so solemn—an indignation so intense , at ( he bare idea of any association of such sentiments with the princi p les they profess officially to entertain , and consider themselves bound , in justice to the poor , to " carry out , " and that they fhould be horrified at the premature disclosure to ihe people of this yet Chrutiau country , of the practical , business-like , matter-of-fact results of the humane system of their idol , Malthus , when brought into full operation ! will be a matter of wonder to no oue who has followed them in thnt career of beiievoknce and mercy which hag inspired the perishing thousands of our land with gratitude , and
brought the blessing * of the widow and the fatherlew upon their hououred heads . On any other subject , and with any other antagonists than those I uow have to deal with it would have been thought only fair tkat the correspondence in question should have been preceded by * communication either from the Editor of the Bury Post or from the Poor Law Comminsioiiers , to myHflf , to ascertain , before they undertook to pronounce me the utterer of the vehemently repudiated slander , whether I had made the etatetuent of which they so grievouidy complain . What right have the CommisxioniTs to aftect all this astoiii > hmt'iit and indig . nation at an unwarranted and groundless charge , assumed to have been made by Mr . Stephen * upon them , when they themselves tako the very same liberty with him , a persecuted and defenceless individual—which he is positively declared by Mr , Chadwick to have taken with them—the hign and mighty Coinmi »» ioners of the Poor for England and Wales .
I hhould not have noticed this fresh instance of the inveterate malignity of my enemiex , were it not calculated , at thin particular moment , still further to prejudicu the cause whose defender , and , it may be martyr . I am shertly to become , aud did it not tend to show how perilous it is to suspend the liberty , the life , or tbe character , dearer than both , of a British subject , upon the oral tustiir . ony or the anonymous reports of incompetent persons , professing to give tbe words of a public speaker who delivers a discourse of great length to a promiscuous assemblage of hearers .
I have no wish to nacribe intentional error to the correspondent who furnished the anonymous report of ray nermon of the 30 th ult . I did not see it till ihe Saturday following , in a Manchester puper , notorious for its uniform inwrepresentatioH 01 every thing I have ever advanced on the Factory question and the New Poor Law ; nor did I deem it worthy of more than that dilent contempt with which 1 had always treated the misrepresentation of that paper , uiltil I found from the Sun of Wednesday , and the Times of Thursday , that it had been intentionally made to answer a purpose highly injurious to me
in my present sitnation . The vague generality of the report of the abdve-mentioned sermon will be at once apparent , even to the writer himself , when 1 inform you that sixteen lines of a hymn are printed in full , as having been given ont by me , and mag by the assemblage , not one . rord of which was ever » aid or sung on tuat occasion , unless by the reporter himself . The verse I gave out was from an altogether different hyruiL , of a different structure and a different tune to the o \ e stated to have been used by myself aud the -congregation . I might mention several ot ^ pr i&stvjces of gross inaccuracy , but this * is more thau suffi jieut ta show into what kind of hands it
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has bee » my * good fortune to fall * whenever I have preached or spoken on the atheistical , character oi the Poor taw Amendment Act . ¦ It ia perfectly true that I adverted to the Maltlrasian pamphlet , entitled " the Possibility qf Limit ing Popiddumettj by Marcus . London , John Hill , Black Horse-court , Fleet-street , W 3 » . » Bat it M not true that I stated it to have been written by a Poor Law , Commissioner . 1 am always exceedingly careful of what I say on these as well as on other matters . , It is well for me that I am so , or the suggestions of one " Editor , " that " it j » evidently necessary for the Govemmsnt to do something more than merely holding Mr . Step hen * to bail to answer to a charge of using inflammatory language ; " or tf t uciuitui ut
raj nuvvuer : or IUU - ' l& u DOC high time to inquire whether this man is not a fit tenant for a lunatic asylum" of a third ; all taking their cue from the " Copy of Correspondence , " might suggest to the absolute . *? Commission" a readier and more successful way of silencing » dangerous opponent , than a village -warrant for a simple misdemeanor seems likely to effect . ¦ . ¦ ' . But seriously , Sir , why should these Commissioners , all three of whom , it appears , can upon occasibn be present at Somerset-house , prepared at once to confide to the public every literary secret of their lives , b « so very anery at being honoured with the authorship of this humane and moral theory , for limiting populousness within * he means of subsistence , in a country where the surplus
popu lation presses so dangerousl y upon its resources , that an unconstitutional and uuchristian act was imperatively required , in order to save the estates of such exemplary , profound , and pious statesmen as Lords Brougham , Althorp , and Russell , fromiramediate annihilation ? For tha life of me I cannot divine . After nearly five years of the reign of grace and mercy under the Somerset-house dynasty , we surely needed no such impressive reiteration of the " feelings " . and " opinions , " ( as to th © right to life , and the liberty ^ to increase and multiply © f the people of England ) of the three Commissioners , by whose " Rules , orders , and regulations , " bastiles have covered the land , and classification of " men "
and " females , " has been carried to so physiologically-scrupulous an extent ; to say nothing of all the deaths by starvation , mental derangement , and that now most common of all diseases ^ a broken heart ; the premature deaths occasioned b y the compulsory migration of the south country labourers , the uncon-Inidicted accounts of which were furnished to the Poor Law Commissioner * by my friend , Mr . Oaftler —all tbe arrangements for the trap . spertation ol children , plucked from the mother ' s breast , through the agency of the " Children ' s Friend Society , " and the murders committed by wretched mothers , whom the " bastardy clauses" have elevated into poor law chastity and virtue . Nor will I dare to lift the veil that hides the still darker horrors • •
alluded to by Mr . Fielden in a recent speech , also uncontradicted . That the authors and enactors of a thousand arid one schemes for keeping population down should affect to shudder at the plan proposed by Marcus , will astonish none when the workings of their demon decree , in Sufl ' olk and the neighbouring counties , where they have had it all their own way —where tiirre has been no " resistance , " no '" agitation , " uo "firebrand incendiary , " no "innammatory-Jreiizied demagogue " like Stephens , have only ended in preparing the people , on the testimony of Johnson ( Jeiige , Esq ., their trusty and well-beloved "Editor , " to credit anything , However " absurd , " said to emanate from , or to be done by , these dispensers of Christian charity to a Christian peple . So
imperative was the call upon them for an instant " oenial , " that Mr . Gedge could not wait another post to communicate first with me , and bo conscious was he of the untruth of what he had stated , that he Srepared his readers for my denial , but not until he ad made nil the u » se he wanted of the "Copy of Correspondence . " Were I compelled to choose between the moral responsibility of tbe plans carried into effect by the " rules , ordera , and regulations" of these " commissioners" or tlie simpler , milder , and more impartial plans proposed by Marcos , I should unhesitatingly prefer the latter . If the poor have a right to life and to liberty—if they have a right to tbe domestic joys of virtuous and faithful wedlock
. and if there be no other limit to their" populounness " save the blessed will of that kind Providence who has made all of one blood , and fixed the bounds of our habitation that we might worship and adore Him by loving one another—then is tke New Poor Law Act /' an awful blasphemy against God—a cannibal invasion of the defenceless hearths and hom « of our weaker brethren ; and , as such , a measure of pure tyranny to be resisted by all good men , and for the murderous effect which it must inevitably produce the Commissioners , and all others its aiders and abettors , are alane responsible . But if , on the other hand , there be too many moutks and too little food , if" populat i on press against the means of subsistence" to an extent rendering it necessary to inveat "tests . " to adout 1
" checks , ' and to " carry out stringent measures "if" being born" give wt valid title to existence , and " being poor" Kobject us at once to classifying and separating rules and regulations—then is the plan recommended by Marcus mercy itself compared with the piecemeal , inch-by-iuch inflictions of bodily and mental torture upon the poor , who have been suffered to survive the period at which amilder Deity than Chadwick would interpose between them and misery , and end at ouce their unhappy existence and their suffering by a scientifically conducted process of " painless extinction . " I rejoice , Sir , that this filthiest and beastliest of all M althudian projects is now dragged before the people of England . The necessity for "limiting
populousness , is the acknowledged groundwork of the New Poor Law . This pamphlet- breathes its spirit ; and proposes another , and , I think , a much better way df carrying into impartial , and efficient , and merciful operation , the principles of . that diabolical measure ,. If we are to have it , let us have it at once , and in the beat and mildest way » But the question is ndwtafrly mooted . The Commissioners know this , and feel their throne totter beneath them . They believe their power is woll nigh ended , and they tremble . The denial given b y Mr . Chadwick as to Mr . Nicholls , Mr . Lewi * . Mr . Ldevre not being the author of the "book" is too palpable a put-off to deceive a child . There are other commissioners , a score or two , besides these three ; and then there in
Mr . t had wick himself , and his patron , Lord Brougham , and his bosom friend , Mr . Francis Placd , and their " female assirtaut' * Mlas Martineau . The pnblic are beginning to say there must bejomething in it , or why so very solemn and reiterated a denial from gentlemen by courtesy and despots by usurpation ? Why tell us what they had each written , and what they had not written , and what it all was not about ? Why fasten ' the ?< statement" at once upon Mr . otepbenH , especially as he is now situated , without even writing to him to know whether he had charged' them with the authorship or Dot , and a great deal more to the same purpose ? I do not make mvM statement * " in that way . Wo be to me if I did . But what I have said is
enough . The " Bloody Book" is now opened , nnd " the truth , the whole truth , and nothing but the truth , " will satisfy the people of England . Let the press do its'duty—let the pulpit soijud the alarmlet the platform aroflse a Betrayed arid outrageous nation—and we shall ye ( haftf the history of the conspiracy against our mothers , our listerd , and our daughters brought t » light . Marcus' "Book" is only a p art . of the plot . The » are inany in' * high place * " who can and must reveal a little more than im generally known . I can refresh the memory of some of them , and then you , Sir , will have a further " copy of correspondence , " that will unravel the whole mystery of the New Poor Law , and forever
put an end to the long-projected and too fur already accomplished purpose of wicked men ngainut the poor of England , and the God who mude all that is and declared it to be very good . 1 had written thus far , when a circular letter , ri $ ned by Mr . A . Power , Aasiitant Poor Law Commwaiounr , on the subject now under consideration , was put into my hands . In this letter , Mr . Power takes upon himself to pronounce this u statement " to be " false . " How Mr . Power could-possibly know anything at all about it in the present stage of thi ^ extraordinary correspondence , will perhaps astonish thone who are not privy to the ways and mean * by which a matter of this kind is made to answer tie end the " commissions" evidently have
in new . It in amusing to mark- ' the gradations in this scale of slander , at it descend * from the metropohs to the proviucea . At Somerset-house Mr . Stephens in charged with "making a statement , " bnt at Preston , a little mmrer Dukinfiold , Mr . Stephens is only " reported " to have made this * ara « awkward disclosure . The sworn denial of the three chipf . commisaiouers , and the remarks of the press already made upon it , oblige * Mr * Power , as an " assistant commtsiioner . " to be still more valiant than they . Will you believe it , Sir ? Mr . Power i * constrained to stay , " Allow me alHo to express ray conviction , and upon this fact 1 willingly stake the retention of the office which I hold , that none of my colleagues , the assistant-commissioners , have taken any part iu suggesting or recommending the dreadful practices which Mr . Stephens tatai art about to be adopted for the purpose of checking the
population of the country . " Misgiving , consternation , and dismay have seized the whole band . Let vn go on a little longer , and we shall know it all . It ought not to be overlooked in this " untoward event , " that the public purse and the whole power of the Ministerial poor laW press are not spared in the i « H attempt to accomplish my destruction . I am poor —I stand almost alone ; Sut the truth in my hands is more and mightier than all my enemies combined . God will speed the right . Before I conclude this letter , it is needful , in justice to myself and to the Poor Law Commissioners , that I call the attention ^ of the people of England to tin ' s one fact . I , a minister of religion—a poor man —have been arraigned by them ( official functionaries of the state , ) whilst a prosecution is hanging over me , at their instance , with the public purse at their command . I have been , churned with uttering word *
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I have never spokes ; but never mind , trtrth is stronr even in the hands of poverty , and I am prepared to prove that falsehood » weak though defended by the pnbUc purse , backed * by metropolitan po 4 ice infantry , cavalry , artillery and rocket brigade , and ilnnked by such editors " a * he of the Bury Pest . The Poor Law Commissionere have dared me tea correspondence . They know that I am held to bail in an amount which at ' often repeal * our boasted Mngna Chctrtg . But , as I said- above , never mind , Sir : even before my trial , with the unconstitutional bail hanging over my head , I know that I am a match for them . I do not say—I never did say—I never gave them so much credit for courage as to suppose that thoy were bold enough to publish the dook ot
" jviarcus ; Dut i ao say tins—and as they have entered into a public controversy on this point —I am prepared to meet them . They have given me the challenge ; I hereby accept it . If they do not approve of the system of Marcus to reduce the population of England , then , in the face of all the wives , and motherland sister * of England * I hereby declare them to be more unmerciful than Marcus himself . When they have rejoined , I am ready with my arguments and proofs . Let me not be misunderstood . These men affect to be " astonished" at M arcus , for projecting the destruction of all children above three m a family , and say , that such a project
is " utterly abhorrent to theis feelings . " Now Sir , I am prepared to prove that the very principles on which they have accepted their commission , and receive , their salaries , require that they should approve of the plans of Marcus . When they pretend to be " ignorant" of such a publication , they suppose the public to believe that they are ignorant of the acts of their own friends , and are unacquainted with the nature of their own duties . They have defied me . They have challenged me . I accept their challenge ; and upon this 'fact X willingly stake the verdict of the Jury which will hereafter have to try me . I remain , Sir , Your obliged and obedient servant , Joseph Rayner Stephens . Dukinfield , Ashton-under-Lyne , Jan . 11 , 1839 .
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Wellingborough . —At a meeting of the members of the Wellingborough Working Men ' s Association , the followingllesolutions was unanimously agreed to . 1 st . That the meeting having heard with dismay the proceedings of the base Whigs in the arrest of ' that noble-minded patriot and friend of the people , J . R . Stephe n * , and that we are determined to defend him from his enemies with the last farthing of our pocket , aud evtm life itself should it be required . —2 d . That this meeting do in the strongest manner denounce that arch traitor , Daniel O'Connell , as unworth y the confidence © f the English Radicals , and do view with suspicion all those who wish to enlist him into our Radical ranks . —3 d . That we do place the most implicit-confidence in those noble minded , patriots and - tried friends of the people , Messrs . Stephens and O'Connor , whose indefatigable exertions in the cause of universal liberty , deserves the admiration and esteem of every honest Radical
in the empire , and we fearlessly and unflinchingly give them our support—4 th . That the foregoing Resolutions be requested to be inserted in the Northern Star and Operative newspapers . Manchune . —At the weekly meeting of tins Association on Monday last , the following resolutions were agreed to : —1 . -That this Association view with indignation the attempt on the part of government to sacrifice one of the best of men , and will resist with all their power , pecuniary and otherwise , the injustice sought to be perpetrated on Mr . Stephens , as if tbe said injustice weredone to themselves . —2 d . That this Association were formerly determined to stand prominent in the struggle for Universal Suffrage , but on learning that a tyrannical government would immolate on the altar of malice one of the bravest of patriots , they are determined to redouble their exertions until Universal Suffrage be the law of the land . —3 d . That the foregoing resolutions be sent to the Northern Star for insertion .
Buswohth . —At a meeting of the TJnWorth Working Men ' s Association , Northamptonshire , the following Resolution was unanimously agreed to . That this meeting view withabhorrence the diabolical attempt of the brutal Whigs to cause discord among the working classes , by basely and cowardly ' arrestiug our true fnend and unparalleled patriot , the Rev . J . R . Stephens , under a paltry pretence of seditious language never uttered by him , and that we do with hearts lull of indignation and disgust swear to resent the insult , and by every possible means restore that gentleman to his family and friends .
Ramsbottom . —An extraordinary meeting of tbe Ramsbottom Radical Association being called on Tuesday , the ' 8 th of January , 1839 , Mr . John Salmon in the chair , it was moved , seconded , and carried unanimously , "That this meeting views with indignation the proceedings of the imbecile Whigs in arresting the Rev . J . R . 8 tepheun , and therefor * pass ft vote of confidence in that gentleman , as well as a vote of sympathy towards his amiable and public spirited wile . " 2 . " That S-tepheas , O'Connor , and Oastler are worthy of possessing our fulleat confidence as long as they continue to serve the people as they have done . " 3 . "That a vote of the bitterest censure be passed on the great Dan Beggarman , the pnblic miscreant O'Connell . "
WiGTON . —At a public meeting held in the Reform Chapel , on Tuesday evening , Jan . 8 th , the following resolutions were ably put and seconded by a number of humble operatives , and carried unanimously : —lsl . That this meeting place the fullest and -most unlimited confidence in Feargus O'Connor , the Rev . J . It . Stephens , and the other delegates of the National Convention , and deprecate the conduct Of those ' parties who wonld wish to create a division ¦ amongHt the Radicals of England , Ireland , and Scotland . 2 nd . We likewise view with indignation and regret thalate attempt to introduce into the Radical camp the renegade , Daniel O'Connell , aud we ,
tnerelore , in common with all true Radicals , distinctl y record our determination to have nothing to do with him whatever , as his past conduct has shown that he is no friend to the working man . 3 rd . Thnt this meeting deprecate , in the strongest terras , the course pursued by Government in the arrest of the Rev . J . R . Stephens , and have come te a determination that should any other than constitutional measures be taken against him , they pledge themselves to resist that Government by every means , moral and physical , in their power . 4 th . That a copy of these resolutions be sent to the Operative , Northern Star , and Newcastle Liberator .
The National Rent is being actively collected in this place . Birmingham . —At a crowded meeting of the working _ classes held at the Public-office , Mr . J , Fussell , in the chair , the following address , moved by Mr . T . P . Green , and seconded by Mr . E . Brown , in answer to the address of the Manchester Political Union , was ngreed « poi > . — " To the Manchester Political Union . Heroes and Brother Democrat * of the North , we feel proud of your attention and address , —your fears we calm—your doubts we remove—your enemies we defy—the men of the Midland districts are truly subjugated by the power of wealth , and kept in awe by physical force . We aro looked upon by the aristocracy of wealth , with the mo . it sovereign contempt , and our moral nnd physical power equally dospmed ; we know , and feel that wo are mentally , morally , and physically slaves , and our tyrants shall know , that mentally , morally , anil physically we will be free .
" We 11 rend their veil , we scorn their Bteel ; We shrink not , nor dissemble—By every burning wrong we feel . Cold tyrants I ye shall tremble . " The Men of tho North and of the United Kingdom shall ever find the Members of tho Birmingham Political Union seeking to obtain thnyn great principl e * of Universal Liberty nnd equality , that can alone give pence and tranquillity to our ill-fated country . Wo Welcome the struggle be it peace , or be it war . ffp , the men of Birmingham , will co-operate with the good , and incorruptible , but we scorn an alliance with lyhig-lrickstcrs , We uo ron UrnvkmmIj Svknuoi :, and no Suhrkndf . r but with oim LivM ! W « encircle our Council , and the General Convention , with our commission of safely , and we are determined to defend them from all insults hud danger * ; as we would defend ourselves , our wives , and children . Men of the North I be you eaunllv with us determined to stand or fall by the
principle of Universal Suffrage—permit not this to be put in jeopardy by any class or individual . Accept from us our high esteem , and d » us the justice of beheviuK us in saying emphatically—may the Manchester butchers never he lost sight of ! and hail you Sun of Liberty , that is fast rising , never to set on a race of slaves of robbers made so by them . We bavH entered into the struggle , and we pledge ourselvei to either end it or mend it ; we never will retrograde—on the rock of Democracy we take our tand , come weal , come woe ! Finally , we nay , peril not this gre » t nnd all important principle by any partial outbreak ; when the hour arrives , the Men of Birmingham will not be the last in the ranks of freemen and of patriots!—Signed by order of the meeting , J . FuBBELt , Chairman . " Three hearty cheer * were given for the Rev . J . Stepbep * , Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., and the Men of the North , Thomas AttwooJ , and John Fielden , Esquires , and the meeting separated .
Lebs , neaii Oudham . —At a meeting of the Radicals of Lees , held last Monday night , the 14 th instant , at Mr . Jackson ' s , Mew Inn , Lees , where they meet every Monday night , the following resolution was unanimously carried : — That this meeting has entire and full confidence in the Rev . J . K . Stephenn , Mr . O'Connor , and Mr . Oastler ; and is determined to- support them . to . the utmost of itspower , daring the persecution and prosecution I which they are now uut'er ^ oing from the brother factions * Whig and Tory . "
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EAST STRUGGLE OF THE FACTION , THE FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE MAYOR ; AND THE VERY LAST APPEARANCE OF THE BAINESES . COMPLETE ANNIBflLA ^ TION OF THE . "WHIGS AS A PARTY' AND
IRRETRIE VABLE DEFEAT AS A FACTION . In olden times , the recess was wont to he spent in party . revet . and Ministerud boast ^ N » so oner had the business of the session concluded , than each post brought the celebration of toiumph and declaration of growing strength . But np > , alas ! howchanged the scene . The festive hall has ceased to echo the cheera of triumph . No boast of strength ; no reflections upon the past ; not even a whisper ef gladdening anticipation ; all is as the stillness of death the time , before dissolution , spent in a
shortbut , w , e trust , a femnt , death-bed repentance . The Christmas gambol and holiday wassail ? ha * giye » way to the lively sound of recruiting music . The "Whi gs , weak in moral energy , supply their deficiency and their want of moral strength by a parade of a physical staff ; and thus , for the first time in our recent , history , have we witnessed the fact , tkat our rulers have discovered the impossibility of governing without the consent of the governed , excep * , by physical-force . Had this mess been allowed to have concluded , as it commenced without any conflict with , the , people , that which auist now be set down to
weakness , would have pansed for eullenness or consciousness of strength . But , no ; a former great man , but now fallen to rise w more , the Editor of the Leeds Mercury , was resolved to venture upon a forlorn hope , and to storm the popular fortress . How , indeed , could he have returned to town ? , how could he hav * sued for Recorderehips , or game advertisements ; for convenient stamp returns . and other ministerial favour- , if not the herald of even one successful skirmish r "With thi » view and hope , a requisition was not up to oar present Mayor—and , ye godsf uuebva Mavor !—for the
purpose of an Anti-Corn Law meeting . M r . Fka bsus O'Conjiob was engaged to- dine at Bradford on Monday , and at Queen ' s Head , beyond Bradford , on Tuesday ; so a certain calculation wax made of hia absence from the meeting . But Mr . OCoNNoa did attend , and did actually carry an amendment to the first resolution in a meeting of from 3 to 4 , 000 , by a majority of nine to one , which amendment will be found in another part of oar paW .
Perhaps one of the moit coBtemjuible situations ia life , i 8 that of a fool who magnifies hi . * folly by becoming a tool . Such , howeveK , was the exact position 9 f the Mayor on Tuesday . Ha commenced like & gentleman , hot finished like a Whig . At first this money-monger calculated upon tbe strength of hi * party , and had ingenuity enough to add modesty ta his anticiBated triumph ; but the reception of Mr . Q'CoN ^ bR ^' -iknd . tnVi&aipproDation . . manifested to those who oppoaed him , made his worship as porous as a s p ^ pge > ' anl wi ^ . « ne 'EUiitBei > in the one side , and the-other' Baikes u |> oh the other side , he not only became tbe ' willing tool of a party , bat the laughingstock of all , for his imbecility ,, his folly , hi » disingenuousness , and hia dishonesty .
By our report , whiehis longer than the value of the proceedings merit , it will be seen that the meeting : was somewhat stormy , which was occasioned by M ^ aster Edward Baines having first stationed a well , drilled corps of shopkeepers and overseer * round the steps of the € leth Hall , and then having moved an adjournment from the Court House to his Trlenaa . The trick , . however , woa unfailing ; far the reading of Mr . O'Connor ' s speech in 1834 , in the- House of Commons , by a Mr . Plint , upon the question of a fixed duty on imported corn , was met by so decided an approval of every sentiment therein contained , as to throw confusion into the ranks of the " Whigs . The coarse pursued by Mr .
O'Connor was to meet them boldly upon the first resolution , by an amendment , in effect , "> for Universal Suffrage . During the delivery of the nonsense of the several subsequent speakers , the amendment was vociferously called for j and now w » come to recount the dishonesty of the May or ^ and the plan by which the "Whigs have ; hitherto conveyed to the world a belief in their Btre ^ gth ^ " 'When Mr . O'CoNNOft ' s amendment yas pc ^ nearl ^ , ev « y hand in the meeting was held up ' for lit , . which was
followed by deafening cheers and clapping pf . bands . Will the reader believe that the Mayov after a long preface upon the original resolution , and without having demanded any show of hands against Mr . O'Connor ' s amendment , put the original resolution in a whisper , which , bj the meeting , was supposed to be a repetitioa of Mr . O'Connor ' s , amendment ; consequently , all those of the packed Jury who were near enough to hear , as well as those who had held up their hands for the amendment , held up their hands again , when
the / Whi g , dishonest Mayor declared the original resolution to be carried , without even putting the contrary . When Mr . O'Connor descended tbe Jtep * of the Cloth Hall , a large body ef Whig shopkeepers pressed upon him , shouting , groaning , and hurrahing , whereupon Mr . O'Connor , turning sharply round , made his way through them to the body of the meeting , and when the people saw what wai going on they r * n to Mr . O'Connor , and escorted him through Boar-lane , up Briggate , and to the Northern Star office , leaving a staff of about 200
with the Bainbseb and the Mayor , to go through the remainder of the farce . The . "Whi gs ' . who followed Mr . O'Connor , with the bitterness which belongs to that faction , assailtd him with shouts of " Where is Stephens ? '' to which Mr . O'Connor replied ; . "In the heart * of the people , where you cannot disturb him . " The trembling llmbi , distorted features , and significant looks of the Baxnkses and the faction , upon the ahow of hands-for Mr . O'Connor ' s motion , ww withering , and pitiable . "We thought we could read
in the countenance of the old hack , when gazing wishfully upon the young one now in the course of trtlning , ¦« Well , my dear hoy , and has it come to this ? Where will the spleen of party ceaie P Wasitnotsufcient to haye reduced our circulation by 3 , 000 a-week , and to haye mate us enlarge for bur fewer readers t to have made us post every wall from Carlisle to Leicester with our ' pie-bald bills P Butalas , am I to go back as the herald of the weakness of my party P and h&ve I lited to stand npon the spot celebrated by « o inany former triumphs , without hearing tbe
uame or bain is , save as mixed up with your groaning indiscretion , my ooy ? Many speakers have addressed the meeting ; andno call , as in olden times , forBAJNEs ! Alas , my ehild , we must moderate our attacks upon labour , for we know not how soon-we- " maybe called upon to mingle in the vulgar throng . " To which the youth , with thrilling , glance , replied : "Papa , I , too , am cold , and hare taken this conspicuous spot , with slim figure , stand * ing as a break-breeze , and using many a gesture to
arrest attention , so that when I am called , you may answer ; but woe ha * come upon our house , for the people- have turned their hacks upon us ; but hehold , father , those whose favour we have lost adterri » e not—our friends of that class yet surround us ; so be of good cheer . " " Yea , ' * quoth the aged WHjr , " but though the object of our meeting professes to be for the good of the poor , the truth is , that it beppeaks the coming bankruptcy of our advertising cojnmunity . " Whereupon the child replied , '¦ " O , mosc wise of father *! tbou art indeed a Whig ; and something MORE 1 *
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^ Lote AVB Suicidb . —An inquest wa « held on Tuesdav at West Drayton , on the body of a young man , an agricultural labourer , who suspended himself from the bougb of an oak on Friday last , because he bad seen hia sweetheart walking in the company of a rival . —Verdict , " Temporary derangement . "
Mm Kortheilf Stafi. Satgbday, January 19, 1839.
MM KORTHEilf STAfi . SATGBDAY , JANUARY 19 , 1839 .
The Corn Law Meeting At Leeds.
THE CORN LAW MEETING AT LEEDS .
State Of The Countb7.
STATE OF THE COUNTB 7 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 19, 1839, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1041/page/3/
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